JP2004125269A - Adsorber for adsorbing refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an adsorber for adsorbing refrigerator allowing production steps to be simplified. <P>SOLUTION: A gasket 150 is fitted between the side plate 114 of a casing 110 in which refrigerant is sealed and the flange block 134 of a heat exchanger 130. The gasket is pressed by a pressing block 160 to form a seal part 150A. Because welding must not be performed to bring the inside of the casing 110 in airtight state, the production steps of the adsorber 110 can be simplified. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an adsorber applied to an adsorption refrigerator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an adsorption refrigerator has been known in which an adsorbent evaporates a refrigerant by using an action of adsorbing a gas-phase refrigerant and exerts a refrigerating ability by latent heat of evaporation. As an adsorber applied to such an adsorption refrigerator, for example, there is an adsorber for an adsorption refrigerator disclosed in Patent Document 1 below.
[0003]
The adsorber includes a casing in which a refrigerant and an adsorbent are enclosed, and a heat exchanger (evaporation / condensation core and adsorption core) provided in the casing, and the heat exchanger is enclosed in the casing. The heat exchange between the refrigerant or the adsorbent and the heat medium flowing in the heat exchanger is performed. The casing is made of a stainless material for the purpose of suppressing heat transfer loss, and the heat exchanger is made of an aluminum material having excellent heat conductivity and workability.
[0004]
The inside of the casing needs to be maintained in a substantially vacuum state in order to promote the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant and to prevent a decrease in the adsorbing ability of the adsorbent. Therefore, in the above adsorber, the casing is welded to the stainless steel mounting member joined to the flow pipe that circulates the heat medium between the outside of the casing and the inside of the heat exchanger, so that the inside of the casing is airtight.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-124435 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-mentioned prior art adsorber, since the heat-resistant temperature of the heat exchanger (especially the adsorption core to which the adsorbent is bonded) is lower than the welding temperature, cooling air or the like is pumped into the heat exchanger during welding. However, there is a problem that the workability during the manufacturing is poor and the manufacturing process becomes very complicated.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide an adsorber for an adsorption type refrigerator capable of simplifying a manufacturing process.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the invention described in claim 1,
An adsorber (100) applied to an adsorption refrigerator in which an adsorbent evaporates a refrigerant by utilizing an action of adsorbing a gas-phase refrigerant and exerts a refrigerating ability by latent heat of evaporation,
A casing (110) enclosing a refrigerant and an adsorbent;
A heat exchanger (120, 130) provided in the casing (110) for exchanging heat between a refrigerant or an adsorbent and a heat medium flowing therethrough;
A flow pipe (123, 133) provided in the heat exchanger (120, 130) for flowing the heat medium between the outside of the casing (110) and the inside of the heat exchanger (120, 130);
In the vicinity of the circulation pipes (123, 133), a seal portion (150A) for generating a surface pressure to make the inside of the casing (110) airtight is formed.
[0009]
According to this, it is not necessary to perform welding to make the inside of the casing (110) airtight. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the manufacturing process of the adsorber (100).
[0010]
In the invention described in claim 2, the seal portion (150A) includes a gasket member (150).
[0011]
According to this, in the seal portion (150A), the gasket member (150) can surely generate a surface pressure, and the inside of the casing (110) can be made airtight.
[0012]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the high rigid members (134, 160) are provided inside and outside the casing (110), respectively, and the gasket member (150) is formed by the high rigid members (134, 160). It is characterized by being pressed.
[0013]
According to this, even if the surfaces of the casing (110) and the gasket member (150) are not smooth, it is easy to correct them and form the seal structure reliably.
[0014]
In the invention according to claim 4, the gasket member (150) comprises a metal substrate (151) and a rubber material layer (152) formed on the surface of the metal substrate (151). I have.
[0015]
According to this, even if there is some unevenness on the contact surface with the gasket member (150), it is possible to absorb the unevenness and form a seal structure.
[0016]
In the invention according to claim 5, the rubber material layer (152) has a thickness of 25 μm or less.
[0017]
The rubber material layer (152) has the property of permeating a small amount of gas. When the thickness of the rubber material layer (152) is 25 μm or less as in the present invention, it is possible to suppress gas permeation and to maintain the inside of the casing (110) in a substantially vacuum state for a long time. is there.
[0018]
Note that the reference numerals in parentheses attached to the respective means indicate the correspondence with specific means described in the embodiment described later.
[0019]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
In the present embodiment, the adsorber for an adsorption refrigerator according to the present invention is applied to an adsorption air conditioner for a vehicle, and FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of the adsorption refrigerator. FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of an air conditioner of the adsorption air conditioner. The adsorber 100 shown in FIG. 1A is a schematic one, and the actual adsorber 100 has a schematic structure as shown in FIG.
[0021]
First, an adsorption refrigerator and an adsorption air conditioner will be described with reference to FIG.
[0022]
In FIG. 1A, reference numeral 100 denotes an adsorber according to the present embodiment. At least two adsorbers 100 are provided. Hereinafter, the upper adsorber 100 in FIG. 1, the lower adsorber 100 in FIG. 1A is referred to as a second adsorber 100, and the first and second adsorbers are simply referred to as the adsorber 100. The details of the adsorber 100 will be described later.
[0023]
Reference numeral 200 denotes an outdoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a heat medium circulated in the adsorber 100 (in the present embodiment, a fluid obtained by adding an ethylene glycol-based antifreeze to water and the same as engine cooling water) and outdoor air. There is an indoor heat exchange 300 for exchanging heat between the heat medium cooled by the refrigerating capacity generated in the adsorber 100 and air blown into the room (hereinafter, this air is referred to as conditioned air) to cool the conditioned air. It is a vessel.
[0024]
Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 1B, the indoor heat exchanger 300 is disposed in an air-conditioning casing 310 forming an air-conditioning air passage. A centrifugal blower 320 is provided.
[0025]
In the present embodiment, the regeneration of the adsorbent is performed by circulating the cooling water (the same fluid as the heat medium) of the water-cooled engine (water-cooled internal combustion engine) in the adsorber 100 (second heat exchanger 130 described later). And 410, 420, 430, and 440 are switching valves (four-way valves) that switch the circulation path of the heat medium.
[0026]
Next, the adsorber 100 will be described.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 2, the adsorber 100 has a casing 110 made of stainless steel (SUS304 in the present embodiment) in which a refrigerant (water in the present embodiment) is sealed while the inside is kept substantially in a vacuum, and heat is applied. Cooling or heating the first heat exchanger (evaporation / condensation core) 120 and the adsorbent (silica gel in this embodiment) that perform heat exchange between the medium and the refrigerant (water in this embodiment) in the casing 110. It is composed of a second heat exchanger (adsorption core) 130, a droplet collecting plate 140 for preventing the droplets of the refrigerant from adhering to the adsorbent formed in the second heat exchanger 130, and the like. Both heat exchangers 120 and 130 are the heat exchangers in the present embodiment.
[0028]
Here, the heat exchangers 120 and 130 are made of a tube made of aluminum (in the present embodiment, for example, an A3000-based aluminum material coated with a brazing material) and aluminum (in the present embodiment, for example, an A1000-based or 3000-based aluminum material). The second heat exchanger (adsorption core) 130 has an adsorbent adhered and fixed to the surface of the tube and the fin with an adhesive (epoxy resin in the present embodiment). .
[0029]
By the way, the tube is a flat tube through which the heat medium flows, and the fins are formed in a wave shape to increase the outer surface area and increase the heat exchange efficiency. The core parts 121 and 131 of the heat exchangers 120 and 130 are formed. The heat exchangers 120 and 130 are housed in the casing 110 such that the surfaces on which the core portions 121 and 131 are formed face each other.
[0030]
On the second heat exchanger 130 side (upper side) of the first heat exchanger 120, a droplet collecting plate 140 is formed so as to cover the core part 121. The droplet collecting plate 140 is a plate-shaped member having an opening 142. The opening 142 has a louver portion 141 formed therein, and the droplet of the liquid refrigerant stored on the lower side of the casing 110 passes upward. It is difficult.
[0031]
Reference numerals 123 and 133 denote pipes made of aluminum (in the present embodiment, for example, A1000 series or 3000 series) joined to the first and second heat exchangers 120 and 130 and penetrating inside and outside of the casing 110. Reference numeral 133 denotes a circulation pipe in the present embodiment that circulates a heat medium between the outside of the casing 110 and the insides of the heat exchangers 120 and 130.
[0032]
The casing 110 has first and second casing members 111 and 112 whose opening sides are opposed to each other and has a substantially U-shaped cross section, and side portions formed on both left and right ends of the casing members 111 and 112 in the drawing. It is constituted by plates 113 and 114. The pipes 123 and 133 are inserted into pipe through holes 113b described later formed in the side plate 114.
[0033]
Next, the configuration of the pipe 123, 133 insertion portion, which is a main part of the present embodiment, will be described. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion A shown in FIG. Since the part where the pipe 123 is inserted and the part where the pipe 133 is inserted have the same configuration, the latter will be described and the former will be omitted.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 3, the pipe 133 is connected to a tank 132 formed at an end of the core 131 of the second heat exchanger 130. Reference numeral 134 denotes an aluminum flange block for pressing a gasket 150 described later, and is formed so as to surround the entire circumference of the pipe 133. Although not shown, a female screw portion having a bottomed structure for screwing a screw member 170 described later is formed in the flange block 134.
[0035]
Reference numeral 150 denotes a gasket which is a gasket member of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5A, the gasket 150 has a substantially rectangular shape, and a pipe through hole 150b for inserting the pipe 133 is formed in the center. A plurality (four in this example) of screw through holes 150c for inserting a screw member 170 to be described later are formed around the pipe through hole 150b.
[0036]
As shown in FIG. 5B, the gasket 150 includes a metal substrate 151 and a rubber layer 152 made of fluoro rubber coated so as to cover both surfaces of the metal substrate 151. The rubber material layer 152 is formed to a thickness of 25 μm in the present embodiment. Incidentally, the total thickness of the gasket 150 is 250 μm. The reason why the thickness of the rubber material layer 152 is set to 25 μm is to suppress the permeation of gas through the rubber material layer 152 and keep the inside of the casing 110 at a substantially vacuum.
[0037]
The present inventors conducted an evaluation study on gas permeation of the rubber material layer 152, and defined a pressure rise of the degree of vacuum in one year as 1 Torr or less as a condition for the adsorber 100 to continue operating stably. ing. Therefore, it has been confirmed that the thickness of the rubber material layer 152 is preferably 25 μm or less, and the seal length (the length in the gas transmission direction) is preferably 2 mm or more. As described above, a partial pressure rise (deterioration in vacuum degree) inside the adsorber due to gas permeation from the rubber material layer can be made 1 Torr or less.
[0038]
As shown in a plan view of FIG. 6, the side plate 114 includes a pipe through hole 114b for inserting each of the pipes 123 and 133 and a screw through hole 114c for inserting a screw member 170 described later. . At the center of the side plate 114, a convex portion 114a extending vertically in the figure is formed by press working. The convex portion 114 a is formed at a position that does not interfere with a pressing block 160 described later, and is for increasing the rigidity of the side plate 114.
[0039]
Reference numeral 160 denotes an aluminum pressing block. As shown in FIG. 7, the pressing block 160 has substantially the same planar structure as the gasket 150, and includes a pipe through hole 160b and a screw through hole 160c. The flange block 134 and the pressing block 160 are members having a thickness of about 9 mm in this embodiment, and press the gasket 150 and the side plate 114 when screwed by the screw member 170 as shown in FIG. It is a high-rigidity member in the present embodiment that sandwiches and forms a seal structure.
[0040]
Here, a brief manufacturing method of the adsorber 100 will be briefly described.
[0041]
When manufacturing the adsorber 100, first, the tube and the fins constituting the core portion 131, the tank portion 132, the pipe 133, the flange block 134, and the like are fitted, caulked, assembled and fixed by a jig, and brazed, and thereafter, The second heat exchanger 130 is formed by adhering and fixing the adsorbent to the surface of the tube or the fin. The first heat exchanger 120 is also formed by almost the same method except for fixing the adsorbent.
[0042]
On the other hand, the first and second casing members 111 and 112 and the side plate 113 are welded and integrated to form a bottomed cylindrical case body having an open surface.
[0043]
Next, the first and second heat exchangers 120 and 130 are arranged in the case body from the opening side of the case body. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the gasket 150, the side plate 114 and the pressing block 160 are assembled to the pipes 123 and 133 of the heat exchangers 120 and 130, and are fixed to the flange block 134 by screw members 170. As a result, a surface pressure is generated between the side plate 114 and the flange block 134, and the seal portion 150A is formed via the gasket 150.
[0044]
Note that FIG. 4 shows only the assembled state of the parts shown in FIG. 3, and parts related to the first heat exchanger 120 are the same as those of the second heat exchanger 130, and are not shown. The illustration of the screw member 170 is also omitted.
[0045]
After the screwing and fixing by the screw member 170 is completed, the side plate 114 is welded to the opening-side end of the case body (the right end in the drawing of the first and second casing members 111 and 112), and FIG. The structure is as shown in FIG. Finally, after evacuating the inside of the casing 110 from the inlet 113a formed in the side plate 113, a predetermined amount of refrigerant (water in this embodiment) is injected into the casing 110 to seal the inlet 113a. I do. Thereby, the adsorber 100 is obtained.
[0046]
Next, the general operation of the air conditioner will be described.
[0047]
First, the switching valves 410 to 440 are operated as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, and between the first heat exchanger 120 and the indoor heat exchanger 300 of the first adsorber 100 and the second Between the heat exchanger 130 and the outdoor heat exchanger 200, between the first heat exchanger 120 and the outdoor heat exchanger 200 of the second adsorber 100, and between the heat exchanger 130 and the outdoor heat exchanger 200 of the second adsorber 100; A heat medium is circulated between the engine and the engine.
[0048]
As a result, the first adsorber 100 performs an adsorption process, and the second adsorber 100 performs a desorption process. Therefore, the refrigeration capacity generated in the first adsorber 100 cools the conditioned air. Regeneration of the adsorbent is performed.
[0049]
That is, in this state (hereinafter, referred to as a first state), the first heat exchanger 120 of the first adsorber 100 functions as an evaporator that evaporates the liquid-phase refrigerant to generate a refrigerating capacity, and performs the first adsorption. The second heat exchanger 130 of the heat exchanger 100 functions as a cooler for cooling the adsorbent, the first heat exchanger 120 of the second adsorber 100 functions as a condenser for cooling water vapor desorbed from the adsorbent, The second heat exchanger 130 of the second adsorber 100 functions as a heater for heating the adsorbent.
[0050]
Then, when a predetermined time (60 seconds to 100 seconds in the present embodiment) elapses in the first state, the switching valves 410 to 440 are operated as shown by the broken lines in FIG. Between the first heat exchanger 120 and the indoor heat exchanger 300, between the second heat exchanger 130 of the second adsorber 100 and the outdoor heat exchanger 200, and the first heat exchanger of the first adsorber 100 The heat medium is circulated between the heat exchanger 120 and the outdoor heat exchanger 200 and between the second heat exchanger 130 of the first adsorber 100 and the engine.
[0051]
As a result, the second adsorber 100 becomes an adsorption step, and the first adsorber 100 becomes a desorption step. Therefore, the refrigeration capacity generated in the second adsorber 100 cools the conditioned air, and the first adsorber 100 Regeneration of the adsorbent is performed.
[0052]
That is, in this state (hereinafter, referred to as a second state), the first heat exchanger 120 of the second adsorber 100 functions as an evaporator that evaporates the liquid-phase refrigerant to generate a refrigerating capacity, and The second heat exchanger 130 of the heat exchanger 100 functions as a cooler for cooling the adsorbent, the first heat exchanger 120 of the first adsorber 100 functions as a condenser for cooling water vapor desorbed from the adsorbent, The second heat exchanger 130 of the first adsorber 100 functions as a heater for heating the adsorbent.
[0053]
Then, when a predetermined time has elapsed in the second state, the switching valves 410 to 440 are operated to return to the first state. As described above, the first state and the second state are alternately repeated at predetermined time intervals to continuously operate the air conditioner.
[0054]
The predetermined time is appropriately selected based on the remaining amount of the liquid refrigerant present in the casing 110, the adsorbing capacity of the adsorbent, and the like.
[0055]
According to the adsorber 100 having the above-described configuration, the inside of the casing 110 in a substantially vacuum state in which the refrigerant is sealed can be made airtight because the seal portion 150A is formed near the pipes 123 and 133. The seal portion 150A has a seal structure formed by the surface pressure, so that there is no need to perform welding between the casing 110 and the heat exchangers 120 and 130. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the adsorber 100 can be simplified.
[0056]
Further, since the gasket 150 having the rubber material layer 152 formed on the surface thereof is provided in the seal portion 150A, even if there are slight irregularities on the surface of the side plate 114 or the flange block 134, the irregularities are eliminated. The casing 110 can be absorbed and surely generate a surface pressure to make the inside of the casing 110 airtight.
[0057]
Further, since the side plate 114 and the gasket 150 are pressed and sandwiched by the flange block 134 and the pressing block 160, even if the surfaces of the side plate 114 and the gasket 150 are not smooth (the side plate 114 and the gasket 150 Even if there is a warp or undulation), this can be corrected to reliably form the seal structure.
[0058]
Further, since the thickness of the rubber material layer 152 of the gasket 150 is as thin as 25 μm, the amount of gas passing through the rubber material layer 152 can be suppressed, and the inside of the casing 110 can be maintained in a substantially vacuum state for a long time. Therefore, a decrease in refrigeration capacity can be prevented.
[0059]
(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the gasket 150 has the rubber material layer 152 formed on the surface of the metal substrate 151, but is not limited thereto. For example, a gasket made of only a metal plate may be used as long as the seal is securely performed.
[0060]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the pressing block 160 is used to form the seal portion 150A. However, a configuration in which the side plate 114 has no sufficient rigidity may be used as long as the side plate 114 has sufficient rigidity.
[0061]
In the above-described embodiment, the adsorber 100 is applied to an air conditioner for a vehicle. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention may be applied to a stationary air conditioner for business use or home use. Further, the present invention may be applied to a cooling device such as a base station such as a mobile phone.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an adsorption air conditioner for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of an adsorption refrigerator of the adsorption air conditioner, and (b) is an adsorption air conditioner. It is a schematic diagram of the air conditioner of FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an adsorber 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view for assembling part A.
5A is a plan view of the gasket 150, and FIG. 5B is a partial cross-sectional view of the gasket 150.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a side plate 114. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the pressing block 160.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 100 adsorber 110 casing 114 side plate 120 first heat exchanger (heat exchanger)
123 piping 130 second heat exchanger (heat exchanger)
133 Piping 134 Flange block (high rigidity member)
150 Gasket (gasket material)
150A Seal part 151 Metal substrate 152 Rubber material layer 160 Press block (high rigid member)

Claims (5)

An adsorber (100) applied to an adsorption refrigerator in which an adsorbent evaporates a refrigerant by utilizing an action of adsorbing a gas-phase refrigerant and exerts a refrigerating ability by latent heat of evaporation,
A casing (110) enclosing the refrigerant and the adsorbent;
A heat exchanger (120, 130) provided in the casing (110) and exchanging heat between the refrigerant or the adsorbent and a heat medium flowing therethrough;
A flow pipe (123, 133) is provided in the heat exchanger (120, 130) and circulates the heat medium between the outside of the casing (110) and the inside of the heat exchanger (120, 130). ,
A seal (150A) is formed in the vicinity of the flow pipes (123, 133) to generate a surface pressure to make the inside of the casing (110) airtight. vessel. The adsorber according to claim 1, wherein the seal portion (150A) includes a gasket member (150). High rigid members (134, 160) provided inside and outside the casing (110), respectively;
The adsorber according to claim 2, wherein the gasket member (150) is pressed by the high rigid members (134, 160). The said gasket member (150) consists of a metal substrate (151) and the rubber material layer (152) formed on the surface of this metal substrate (151), The Claim 2 or Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Adsorber for adsorption refrigerator. The adsorber according to claim 4, wherein the rubber material layer (152) has a thickness of 25 m or less.

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