JP2004109024A - Method and apparatus for measuring surface temperature of steel product - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for measuring surface temperature of steel product Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004109024A
JP2004109024A JP2002274449A JP2002274449A JP2004109024A JP 2004109024 A JP2004109024 A JP 2004109024A JP 2002274449 A JP2002274449 A JP 2002274449A JP 2002274449 A JP2002274449 A JP 2002274449A JP 2004109024 A JP2004109024 A JP 2004109024A
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Prior art keywords
temperature
light
steel material
steel
rate
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kaoru Tanaka
田中 薫
Yoshiki Fukutaka
福高 善己
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for measuring the surface temperature of a steel product for more accurately measuring the temperature than before even when its surface state substantially changes. <P>SOLUTION: At measurement on the surface temperature of the steel product in a heating furnace via a through hole provided for a furnace wall, the surface of the steel product is irradiated with light via the through hole to acquire its reflected image and measure the rate of change in the quantity of light. From the relation between the rate of change in the quantity of light and temperature previously determined on the same type of steel product, the surface temperature of the steel product is determined from a measurement value of the rate of change in the quantity of light. The steel product is preferably silicon steel containing silicon 3 mass% or more. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鋼材表面の測温方法及び測温装置に係わり、特に誘導加熱方式の加熱炉内に静置されたSi含有量の大きい鋼材の表面温度を従来より正確に測定する技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、高温物体(以下、被測温物という)の表面温度を測定するには、非接触で連続測定が可能という利点があるので、放射温度計が用いられている。その原理は、高温にある被測温物が発する放射エネルギーの量(La)を検出し、その放射エネルギー量を,図3に示すように、ある一定の放射率(ε)に固定して予め求めてある放射エネルギー量(Li)と温度(Ti)との関係に照合して、温度(Ta)を定めるものである。
【0003】
ところが、被測温物の材質あるいは表面状態等によっては、放出される放射エネルギーの量が異なるので、この放射温度計で正確な(精度良く)測定をするには、放射率を適切な値(例えば、図3のεに対応する線上にある)に補正する必要がある。特に、被測定物が例えば、1200℃以上の温度に加熱される鋼材の場合には、以下のように表面状態の変化が避けられないので、放射率の補正は重要である。
【0004】
▲1▼ 通常は還元性あるいは不活性ガスで炉内雰囲気が制御されている加熱炉内であっても、その雰囲気が乱れると、鋼材の表面にスケール(酸化鉄)が生成される。
【0005】
▲2▼ 加熱炉に装入される前に生成されたスケールが加熱温度より低い融点を持つ場合には、加熱途中でスケールが溶け、放射温度計の視野内でスケール成分が一定でなくなる。この現象は、鋼材が珪素含有量の高い鋼種であるほど著しく、また表面状態が全体で不均一にもなる。
【0006】
従って、被測温物が鋼材の場合、放射温度計で測定したその表面温度は、前記したように正確でなく、その後に施される熱間圧延で製造した鋼板等の製品に品質不良が発生するといった問題があった。
【0007】
一方、放射率の補正を伴う測温技術については、従来より研究が行われ、公開されているものも多い。
【0008】
例えば、被計測物から放射される熱放射線を計測する放射温度計と、前記被計測物の放射率を計測する放射率計測部と、前記放射温度計によるみかけの温度と放射率を用いて計測温度を算出する温度処理部とを有することを特徴とする温度計測装置が提案されている(特許文献1参照)。この温度計測装置は、新たに設けた前記放射率計測部で被計測物に放射線を照射し、その照射量、反射量、透過量及び吸収量に基づき該被計測物の放射率を求め、その放射率で放射温度計により別途測定したみかけの温度を補正するものである。
【0009】
また、測定対象物に光を照射して反射光の強度から当該対象物の表面温度を測定する場合、複数の波長からなる光源を用いて、当該対象物の表面状態を表す放射率を算定した上で表面温度を演算することを特徴とする温度監視装置も開示されている(特許文献2参照)。この温度監視装置は、放射温度計を用いずに、光源より波長の異なる数種の光を被対象物に照射し、赤外線TVカメラで受光した光の強度と被対象物の放射率との関係式を複数定め、それらの式より放射率を消去して被対象物の温度を演算で求めるようにしたものである。
【0010】
【特許文献1】
前記特開昭60−38627号公報(2頁、右欄13〜18行)
【0011】
【特許文献2】
特開昭61−160028号公報(1頁の右欄18行〜2頁の右欄18行)しかしながら、前記特許文献1記載の温度計測装置は、被計測物が半導体薄板(ウエハ)であり、熱処理中に表面状態が変化するといっても、本発明の対象である鋼材より変化は少ない。また、前記特許文献2記載の温度監視装置は、放射温度計は利用せず、しかも被対象物が鋼材である場合にも適用できる。しかし、複雑な関係式を利用しており、実際に放射率を求めてその値で温度補正を行うものではないので、実用するには信頼性に欠ける。さらに、上記いずれの装置も、赤外線を用いるので、設備が高価になるという問題もある。
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、かかる事情に鑑み、表面状態の変化が大きくても、放射温度計を使用せずに、従来より精度良く測温が可能な鋼材表面の測温方法及び測温装置を提供することを目的としている。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
発明者は、上記目的を達成するため、従来装置の問題点を見直し、その成果を本発明に具現化した。
【0014】
すなわち、本発明は、加熱炉内の鋼材の表面温度を、炉壁に設けた貫通孔を介して測定するに際して、前記鋼材表面に前記貫通孔を介して光を照射し、その反射映像を得て光量変化率を測定し、予め同種鋼材で定めておいた光量変化率と温度との関係に照らして、前記光量変化率の測定値から該鋼材表面の温度を定めることを特徴とする鋼材表面の測温方法である。この場合、前記鋼材が珪素を3質量%以上含有する珪素鋼であったり、あるいは前記加熱炉が誘導コイルで加熱する方式であるのが好ましい。また、本発明は、加熱炉内の鋼材の表面温度を、炉壁に設けた貫通孔を介して測定する鋼材表面の測温装置であって、前記貫通孔を介して鋼材表面に光を照射する光源と、その反射光を、さらに別の貫通孔を介して鋼材の表面状態として観察、撮像するCCDカメラと、該CCDカメラで得た映像から照射した光の光量変化率を演算し、予め同種鋼材で定めておいた光量変化率と温度との関係に照らして鋼材表面の温度を定める演算器とを備えたことを特徴とする鋼材表面の測温装置である。
【0015】
本発明では、被測温物である鋼材の表面を観察して、該表面で起きるスケールの変化状況を実際に確認すると共に、その映像を利用して光量変化率を正確に測定し、その光量変化率で直接温度を求めるようにしたので、放射温度計による測定のように放射率を推定する必要がない。その結果、表面状態の変化が大きい鋼材であっても、従来より精度良く測温が可能となる。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
【0017】
まず、発明者は、以下のようにして、加熱中に鋼材表面で起きるスケールの変化について調査した。
【0018】
鋼種が3質量%Si鋼の鋼材から100mm四方で、且つ厚み25mmのサンプルを採取し、該サンプルを実験室規模の誘導コイルを備えた加熱炉に装入した。炉内の雰囲気は、窒素である。装入したサンプルを一定の昇温速度で加熱しながら、その表面状態を炉壁に設けた貫通孔より光を照射し、その反射光をCCDカメラで撮像すると共に、サンプルに予め取り付けておいた熱電対で表面温度を測定した。そして、別途設けてある演算器を用いて、前記CCDカメラで得た映像を解析して光量変化率(Mi)を求めた。この光量変化率を求めた理由は、サンプルの表面状態を評価するのに有効な指標になると考えたからであり、それは、サンプル表面から得たカメラ視野内の一定輝度(CCDカメラの受光量)を呈する面積が単位時間内に変化する割合、つまり一定の表面状態にある面積の変化率を表すものである。
【0019】
調査結果の一例を、横軸を熱電対で測定したサンプルの真の表面温度、縦軸を前記のようにして求めた光量変化率として図1に整理した。この図1より、以下のことが明らかになる。
【0020】
すなわち、光量変化率(Mi)は、熱伝対で測定した真の表面温度(Ts)でTまでは一定値(M)であり、該光量変化率は、温度Tを超えるとスケールの状態が変わるため徐々に変化し、大きくなっていく。また、温度Tになると、光量変化率は、ピーク値(M)に達し、それより温度が上昇しても、徐々に小さくなり、最終的にサンプルの表面状態は安定するためかほとんど変化しなくなった。つまり、任意の鋼材について光量変化率と温度との関係をある温度範囲(図1では、温度T〜T)に限って、定めることができる。その範囲を外れると、対応関係が成立しないからである。
【0021】
そこで、発明者は、これらの知見に基づき考察を行い、CCDカメラで撮像した鋼材の表面状態を光量変化率(Mi)で求め、予めその鋼材での光量変化率(Mi)と温度(T)との関係が知られていれば、該鋼材の温度が表面状態に応じて正確に推定できると結論し、本発明を完成させたのである。
【0022】
つまり、加熱炉内に滞在する鋼材の表面温度を、炉壁に設けた貫通孔を介して測定するに際して、前記鋼材表面に貫通孔を介して光を照射し、その反射映像から光量変化率を得る。そして、引き続いて、得られた光量変化率を、予め同種鋼材で定めておいた光量変化率と温度との関係に照らして、この測温時に対応した鋼材表面の温度を直接求めるようにしたのである。この場合、光量変化率と温度との関係は、上記サンプル調査と同様にして、予め被測温物である鋼材と同種のサンプルで定めておけば良い。ただし、重要なことは、上記関係の利用は、実際に表面状態に変化が起きる温度範囲でのみ有効であるということである。
【0023】
次に、上記した本発明を実施する具体的な測温装置について説明すると、それは、図2に示すように、加熱炉1内に滞在する鋼材2の表面温度を、放射温度計を用いないで測定するのを基本とする。また、測温には、炉壁3の2ケ所に開けた貫通孔4、4´が必要で、それらの貫通孔は、耐熱性の良いパイプ(例えば、セラミック)を装着して保護するのが良い。
【0024】
そして、それらを介して鋼材表面に光を照射する光源7と、その反射光を鋼材の表面状態として観察、撮像するCCDカメラ6とをそれぞれ設ける。その光源7のパワーとしては、できるだけ高出力のものを選ぶのが好ましい。図2の例では、メタルハライド光源を使用している。また、該光源7からの光は、光ファイバ式ライトガイドを介して投光レンズ10より照射させるのが良く、照射角度は、表面を鮮明に見ることの可能な角度を選ぶのが良い。CCDカメラ6には、レンズ11及びフィルタ12を設けるが、そのレンズ11の種類はCCDカメラ6と鋼材2との距離、観察したい範囲に応じて選定するのが好ましい。フィルタ12は、鋼材2の表面温度が1200℃以上と高いので、該鋼材2からの自発光を抑制できるものを選定する必要がある。また、CCDカメラ6の分光感度特性を考慮し、該カメラの感度の良い波長領域はできるだけ透過率を高くするのが良い。例えば、温度が1200℃以上ならば、波長0.7μmより長い波長の光をカットできる赤外カットフィルタを、カメラの感度が0.5〜0.6μmにピークを持つ場合には、緑色のカラーフィルタを選定すると良い。
【0025】
さらに、本発明では、そのようなCCDカメラ6で得た映像から照射した光の光量変化率を解析、演算し、予め同種鋼材で定めておいた光量変化率と温度との関係に照らして鋼材表面の温度を定めるために、演算器13を設けるようにした。従って、該演算器13には、CCDカメラ6で撮像した映像及び予めオフラインでのサンプル実験で得た対象鋼材の光量変化率と温度との関係が記憶される。そして、該演算器13では、次の処理を行うことになる。
【0026】
a.CCDカメラの映像から光量変化率Miをリアルタイムに計算する。
【0027】
b.光量変化率と温度との関係(例えば、図1参照)を利用し、このMiに対する温度Tiを求める。
【0028】
なお、本発明では、被測温物が3質量%以上のSiを含有する鋼材2であると、非常に有効である。3質量%以上のSiを含み、表面状態の変化が激しくとも、放射率が正確に推定できるからである。さらに加えて、本発明を適用する加熱炉1としては、誘導コイルによる加熱を行う方式のものが好ましい。そのような炉では、鋼材2を静置して加熱することが多く、測温に都合が良いからである。
【0029】
【実施例】
3質量%Si含有の方向性電磁鋼板用スラブを1400℃に加熱し、その後に熱間圧延し、以降の通常工程により方向性電磁鋼板を製造した。使用した加熱炉1の種類は、誘導加熱方式のものである。これら加熱炉1に装入した鋼材2は、表面温度が測定され、目標温度に達していない場合には、加熱温度を調整した。この表面温度の測定に、本発明に係る測温方法及び測温装置を採用した場合には、従来通りの放射温度計だけを用いた場合と比較して、得られた鋼板製品の加熱不足による特性不良あるいは過加熱によるトラブルはなくなり、安定製造及び歩留まりの向上を達成できた。なお、本発明の実施に利用したこれら鋼材の光量変化率と温度との関係は、前記同様のサンプル実験で予め求めたが、適用できる温度範囲は1200〜1400℃であった。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明により、表面状態の変化が大きい鋼材であっても、放射温度計を用いずに、従来より精度良く測温が可能となった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の基礎となる鋼材の表面状態と放射率との関係を実験室規模で調査した結果を示す図である。
【図2】本発明に係る鋼材表面の測温装置の一例を説明する図である。
【図3】一般的な被測温物の放射エネルギーと温度との関係を、放射率をパラメータとして示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1  加熱炉
2  鋼材
3  炉壁
4、4´ 貫通孔
6  CCDカメラ
7  光源
9  ライトガイド
10 投光レンズ
11 レンズ
12 フィルタ
13 演算器
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring the temperature of a steel material surface, and more particularly to a technique for more accurately measuring the surface temperature of a steel material having a large Si content that is placed in an induction heating type heating furnace.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a radiation thermometer is used for measuring the surface temperature of a high-temperature object (hereinafter, referred to as an object to be measured) because it has an advantage that it can be continuously measured without contact. The principle is to detect the amount of radiant energy (La) emitted from the object to be measured at a high temperature and fix the amount of radiant energy to a certain constant emissivity (ε i ) as shown in FIG. The temperature (Ta) is determined by checking the relationship between the radiant energy (Li) and the temperature (Ti) obtained in advance.
[0003]
However, since the amount of emitted radiant energy varies depending on the material or surface condition of the object to be measured, an accurate (accurate) measurement of the emissivity requires an appropriate value ( for example, it is necessary to correct to a) on the line corresponding to the epsilon a in FIG. In particular, when the object to be measured is, for example, a steel material heated to a temperature of 1200 ° C. or more, the correction of the emissivity is important because a change in the surface state is inevitable as described below.
[0004]
{Circle around (1)} Even in a heating furnace where the furnace atmosphere is normally controlled by a reducing or inert gas, if the atmosphere is disturbed, scale (iron oxide) is generated on the surface of the steel material.
[0005]
{Circle around (2)} When the scale formed before being charged into the heating furnace has a melting point lower than the heating temperature, the scale melts during heating, and the scale component becomes inconsistent within the visual field of the radiation thermometer. This phenomenon is more remarkable as the steel material is a steel type having a higher silicon content, and the surface state becomes uneven as a whole.
[0006]
Therefore, when the object to be measured is a steel material, the surface temperature measured by the radiation thermometer is not accurate as described above, and quality defects occur in products such as a steel plate manufactured by hot rolling performed thereafter. There was a problem of doing.
[0007]
On the other hand, temperature measurement techniques with correction of emissivity have been studied and many of them have been published.
[0008]
For example, a radiation thermometer that measures thermal radiation radiated from an object to be measured, an emissivity measurement unit that measures the emissivity of the object to be measured, and measurement using an apparent temperature and emissivity by the radiation thermometer A temperature measuring device having a temperature processing unit for calculating a temperature has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). This temperature measurement device irradiates the object to be measured with the newly provided emissivity measurement unit, and obtains the emissivity of the object based on the amount of irradiation, the amount of reflection, the amount of transmission, and the amount of absorption. It corrects the apparent temperature separately measured by a radiation thermometer using the emissivity.
[0009]
When measuring the surface temperature of the object from the intensity of the reflected light by irradiating light to the object to be measured, using a light source having a plurality of wavelengths, the emissivity representing the surface state of the object was calculated. A temperature monitoring device that calculates the surface temperature above is also disclosed (see Patent Document 2). This temperature monitoring device irradiates an object with several types of light having different wavelengths from a light source without using a radiation thermometer, and the relationship between the intensity of light received by an infrared TV camera and the emissivity of the object. A plurality of equations are determined, the emissivity is eliminated from the equations, and the temperature of the object is calculated by calculation.
[0010]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-60-38627 (page 2, right column, lines 13 to 18)
[0011]
[Patent Document 2]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, in the temperature measurement device described in Patent Document 1, the object to be measured is a semiconductor thin plate (wafer), which is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-160028 (page 18, right column, line 18 to page 2, right column, line 18). Even if the surface state changes during the heat treatment, the change is less than that of the steel material which is the object of the present invention. Further, the temperature monitoring device described in Patent Document 2 does not use a radiation thermometer and can be applied to a case where the object is a steel material. However, since a complicated relational expression is used, and the emissivity is not actually obtained and the temperature is corrected with the value, the reliability is lacking for practical use. Furthermore, since all of the above devices use infrared rays, there is a problem in that the equipment becomes expensive.
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a method and an apparatus for measuring the temperature of a steel material surface, which can measure the temperature more accurately than in the past without using a radiation thermometer even if the change in the surface state is large. It is an object.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the inventor reviewed the problems of the conventional device, and embodied the results in the present invention.
[0014]
That is, in the present invention, when measuring the surface temperature of a steel material in a heating furnace through a through-hole provided in a furnace wall, the steel material surface is irradiated with light through the through-hole to obtain a reflection image thereof. Measuring the rate of change of the amount of light, and determining the temperature of the surface of the steel material from the measured value of the rate of change of the amount of light in light of the relationship between the rate of change of the amount of light and the temperature previously determined for the same type of steel. Temperature measurement method. In this case, it is preferable that the steel material is silicon steel containing 3% by mass or more of silicon, or that the heating furnace is heated by an induction coil. Further, the present invention is a temperature measuring device for measuring the surface temperature of a steel material in a heating furnace through a through hole provided in a furnace wall, and irradiates the steel material surface with light through the through hole. And a CCD camera for observing and imaging the reflected light as a surface state of the steel material through another through-hole, and a light amount change rate of light emitted from an image obtained by the CCD camera are calculated in advance. A temperature measuring device for the surface of a steel material, comprising: a calculator for determining the temperature of the surface of the steel material in light of the relationship between the rate of change in light intensity and the temperature defined for the same type of steel material.
[0015]
In the present invention, while observing the surface of a steel material that is a temperature measuring object and actually confirming the scale change state occurring on the surface, the rate of change in light amount is accurately measured using the image, and the light amount is measured. Since the temperature is obtained directly from the rate of change, there is no need to estimate the emissivity unlike the measurement using a radiation thermometer. As a result, even if the steel material has a large change in the surface state, the temperature can be measured more accurately than in the past.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
First, the inventors investigated the change in scale occurring on the surface of a steel material during heating as described below.
[0018]
A 100 mm square and 25 mm thick sample was taken from a steel material of 3 mass% Si steel and placed in a heating furnace equipped with a laboratory scale induction coil. The atmosphere in the furnace is nitrogen. While heating the loaded sample at a constant heating rate, the surface state was irradiated with light from a through-hole provided in the furnace wall, and the reflected light was imaged by a CCD camera and attached to the sample in advance. The surface temperature was measured with a thermocouple. Then, the image obtained by the CCD camera was analyzed by using a separately provided arithmetic unit to determine a light amount change rate (Mi). The reason for determining the light amount change rate is that it is considered to be an effective index for evaluating the surface state of the sample. It is based on the fact that the constant luminance (light reception amount of the CCD camera) in the camera field of view obtained from the sample surface is obtained. It indicates the rate at which the presented area changes within a unit time, that is, the rate of change of the area in a constant surface state.
[0019]
One example of the investigation results is shown in FIG. 1 in which the horizontal axis represents the true surface temperature of the sample measured with a thermocouple, and the vertical axis represents the light intensity change rate obtained as described above. From FIG. 1, the following becomes clear.
[0020]
That is, the light amount change rate (Mi) is a true surface temperature (Ts) measured by a thermocouple and is a constant value (M 1 ) up to T 1 , and the light amount change rate becomes a scale when the temperature T 1 is exceeded. Changes gradually and becomes larger. Further, at a temperature T 2, the light amount change rate is the peak value reached (M 2), be higher than the temperature it gradually decreases, the surface state of the final sample or nearly to stabilize changed No longer. In other words, (in FIG. 1, the temperature T 1 through T 2) Temperature range of the relationship between the light amount change rate and temperature for any of the steel only, it can be determined. This is because if the distance is out of the range, the correspondence is not established.
[0021]
Therefore, the inventors conducted a discussion on the basis of these findings, determined by the light amount change rate of the surface state of the steel material captured by the CCD camera (Mi), previously light amount change rate in the steel and (Mi) Temperature (T i If the relationship is known, it is concluded that the temperature of the steel material can be accurately estimated according to the surface condition, and the present invention has been completed.
[0022]
That is, when measuring the surface temperature of the steel material staying in the heating furnace through the through-hole provided in the furnace wall, the surface of the steel material is irradiated with light through the through-hole, and the light amount change rate is determined from the reflection image. obtain. Then, subsequently, the obtained light amount change rate is compared with a predetermined relationship between the light amount change rate and the temperature of the same type of steel material, and the temperature of the steel material surface corresponding to the temperature measurement is directly obtained. is there. In this case, the relationship between the light amount change rate and the temperature may be determined in advance for a sample of the same type as the steel material to be measured, similarly to the above-described sample survey. It is important to note, however, that the use of the above relationship is only effective in the temperature range where the surface state actually changes.
[0023]
Next, a specific temperature measuring device for carrying out the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the surface temperature of the steel material 2 staying in the heating furnace 1 is measured without using a radiation thermometer. It is basically to measure. In addition, for temperature measurement, through holes 4 and 4 ′ opened in two places on the furnace wall 3 are required, and these through holes should be protected by attaching a heat-resistant pipe (for example, ceramic). good.
[0024]
Then, a light source 7 for irradiating the surface of the steel material with light through them and a CCD camera 6 for observing and imaging the reflected light as the surface state of the steel material are provided. As the power of the light source 7, it is preferable to select a power as high as possible. In the example of FIG. 2, a metal halide light source is used. The light from the light source 7 is preferably emitted from the light projecting lens 10 through an optical fiber type light guide, and the irradiation angle is preferably selected so that the surface can be clearly seen. The CCD camera 6 is provided with a lens 11 and a filter 12, and the type of the lens 11 is preferably selected according to the distance between the CCD camera 6 and the steel material 2 and the range to be observed. Since the surface temperature of the steel material 2 is as high as 1200 ° C. or more, it is necessary to select a filter that can suppress self-emission from the steel material 2. In addition, in consideration of the spectral sensitivity characteristics of the CCD camera 6, it is preferable that the transmittance of the wavelength region where the sensitivity of the camera is good is as high as possible. For example, if the temperature is 1200 ° C. or higher, an infrared cut filter that can cut light having a wavelength longer than 0.7 μm is used. If the camera sensitivity has a peak at 0.5 to 0.6 μm, a green color filter is used. Select a filter.
[0025]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the rate of change of the amount of light emitted from the image obtained by the CCD camera 6 is analyzed and calculated, and the steel material is illuminated in light of the relationship between the rate of change of the light amount and the temperature determined in advance for the same type of steel. In order to determine the surface temperature, a computing unit 13 is provided. Accordingly, the arithmetic unit 13 stores the image captured by the CCD camera 6 and the relationship between the light amount change rate and the temperature of the target steel material obtained in advance in an off-line sample experiment. Then, the arithmetic unit 13 performs the following processing.
[0026]
a. The light amount change rate Mi is calculated in real time from the image of the CCD camera.
[0027]
b. Using the relationship between the light amount change rate and the temperature (for example, see FIG. 1), the temperature Ti for this Mi is determined.
[0028]
In the present invention, it is very effective if the temperature measurement target is a steel material 2 containing 3% by mass or more of Si. This is because the emissivity can be accurately estimated even when the content of Si is 3% by mass or more and the surface state changes greatly. In addition, as the heating furnace 1 to which the present invention is applied, a heating furnace using an induction coil is preferable. In such a furnace, the steel material 2 is often left standing and heated, which is convenient for temperature measurement.
[0029]
【Example】
The slab for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet containing 3% by mass of Si was heated to 1400 ° C., and then hot-rolled, and a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet was manufactured by the subsequent ordinary steps. The type of heating furnace 1 used is of the induction heating type. The surface temperature of the steel material 2 charged into the heating furnace 1 was measured, and when the temperature did not reach the target temperature, the heating temperature was adjusted. In the measurement of the surface temperature, when the temperature measuring method and the temperature measuring device according to the present invention are employed, compared with the case where only the conventional radiation thermometer is used, due to insufficient heating of the obtained steel sheet product. There was no trouble due to poor characteristics or overheating, and stable production and improvement in yield were achieved. Note that the relationship between the light amount change rate and the temperature of these steel materials used in the practice of the present invention was previously obtained by the same sample experiment as described above, but the applicable temperature range was 1200 to 1400 ° C.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, even if a steel material has a large change in surface state, the temperature can be measured more accurately than before without using a radiation thermometer.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of an investigation on a laboratory scale of the relationship between the surface state and emissivity of a steel material that forms the basis of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temperature measuring device for a steel material surface according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between radiant energy and temperature of a general temperature measuring object using emissivity as a parameter.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 1 heating furnace 2 steel material 3 furnace wall 4, 4 'through hole 6 CCD camera 7 light source 9 light guide 10 light projecting lens 11 lens 12 filter 13 arithmetic unit

Claims (4)

加熱炉内の鋼材の表面温度を、炉壁に設けた貫通孔を介して測定するに際して、
前記鋼材表面に前記貫通孔を介して光を照射し、その反射映像を得て光量変化率を測定し、予め同種鋼材で定めておいた光量変化率と温度との関係に照らして、前記光量変化率の測定値から該鋼材表面の温度を定めることを特徴とする鋼材表面の測温方法。
When measuring the surface temperature of the steel material in the heating furnace through a through hole provided in the furnace wall,
The surface of the steel material is irradiated with light through the through-hole, a reflected image is obtained, the rate of change in light quantity is measured, and the light quantity is measured in light of the relationship between the rate of change in light quantity and the temperature determined in advance for the same type of steel. A method for measuring a temperature of a steel material surface, comprising determining a temperature of the steel material surface from a measured value of a change rate.
前記鋼材が珪素を3質量%以上含有する珪素鋼であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の鋼材表面の測温方法。The method according to claim 1, wherein the steel material is silicon steel containing silicon in an amount of 3% by mass or more. 前記加熱炉が誘導コイルで加熱する方式であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の鋼材表面の測温方法。The method for measuring the temperature of a steel material surface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating furnace is of a method of heating with an induction coil. 加熱炉内の鋼材の表面温度を、炉壁に設けた貫通孔を介して測定する鋼材表面の測温装置であって、
前記貫通孔を介して鋼材表面に光を照射する光源と、その反射光を、さらに別の貫通孔を介して鋼材の表面状態として観察、撮像するCCDカメラと、該CCDカメラで得た映像から照射した光の光量変化率を演算し、予め同種鋼材で定めておいた光量変化率と温度との関係に照らして鋼材表面の温度を定める演算器とを備えたことを特徴とする鋼材表面の測温装置。
A steel surface temperature measuring device for measuring the surface temperature of the steel material in the heating furnace through a through hole provided in the furnace wall,
A light source for irradiating light to the surface of the steel material through the through-hole, a reflected light thereof, a CCD camera for observing and imaging the surface state of the steel material through another through-hole, and an image obtained by the CCD camera. A calculator for calculating the rate of change of the amount of light of the irradiated light, and determining the temperature of the surface of the steel in light of the relationship between the rate of change of the amount of light and the temperature predetermined for the same type of steel. Temperature measuring device.
JP2002274449A 2002-09-20 2002-09-20 Method and apparatus for measuring surface temperature of steel product Withdrawn JP2004109024A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108444936A (en) * 2018-03-27 2018-08-24 重庆交通大学 A kind of nondestructive detection system that concrete filled steel tube comes to nothing and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108444936A (en) * 2018-03-27 2018-08-24 重庆交通大学 A kind of nondestructive detection system that concrete filled steel tube comes to nothing and method
CN108444936B (en) * 2018-03-27 2020-05-22 重庆交通大学 Nondestructive testing system and method for concrete filled steel tube void

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