JP2004105696A - Diaper easily worn in standing posture - Google Patents

Diaper easily worn in standing posture Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004105696A
JP2004105696A JP2003027632A JP2003027632A JP2004105696A JP 2004105696 A JP2004105696 A JP 2004105696A JP 2003027632 A JP2003027632 A JP 2003027632A JP 2003027632 A JP2003027632 A JP 2003027632A JP 2004105696 A JP2004105696 A JP 2004105696A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
diaper
width
elongation
width direction
region
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4086674B2 (en
JP2004105696A5 (en
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Yasuyuki Okuda
奥田 泰之
Haruko Toyoshima
豊島 晴子
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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Priority to JP2003027632A priority Critical patent/JP4086674B2/en
Priority to KR1020030049794A priority patent/KR101010884B1/en
Priority to DE60305582T priority patent/DE60305582T2/en
Priority to EP03016541A priority patent/EP1384460B1/en
Priority to CNB031331262A priority patent/CN1319501C/en
Priority to CNU032758960U priority patent/CN2707224Y/en
Priority to US10/626,547 priority patent/US20040215161A1/en
Priority to TW092120400A priority patent/TWI246912B/en
Publication of JP2004105696A publication Critical patent/JP2004105696A/en
Publication of JP2004105696A5 publication Critical patent/JP2004105696A5/ja
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a disposable diaper which can be easily worn in both standing and lying postures. <P>SOLUTION: This diaper is equipped with a liquid permeable surface sheet 2, a liquid impermeable backside sheet 3, and a liquid retainable absorptive body 4 disposed between the surface and backside sheets 2, 3, and is formed of a side expansion part 8 to expand/contract in the diaper width direction in the trunk circumference part E on one position in the longitudinal direction, and has a stereoscopic gather 6. The diaper has an area with bending rigidity in the diaper width direction not higher than 25 gf/50 mm in the area in the inside leg part A where the absorptive body is placed. The stereoscopic gather 6 is placed under an expansion rate not lower than 100%. A tensile load is 20-120 gf at an effective expansion rate reduced by 30% from an expansion rate (%) at a diaper placing condition when the stereoscopic gather 6 is expanded in a non-fixing condition. A tensile load increasing rate from 20% of an expansion rate to the effective expansion rate is made not higher than 1.0 (gf/%). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、立位及び寝位の何れの状態においても装着し易い使い捨ておむつに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、使い捨ておむつとして、ファスニングテープを有する展開型の使い捨ておむつと、予めパンツ型に形成されたパンツ型の使い捨ておむつとが知られており、展開型の使い捨ておむつは、新生児から使用できることや、製造コストが安いこと等から、最も一般的に用いられている。
【0003】
従来の一般的な展開型使い捨ておむつは、被装着者(赤ちゃん等)が仰向けに寝ている状態(以下、寝位ともいう)で装着するように設計されている。このため、静かに仰向けに寝ている状態の被装着者に対しては容易に装着できるが、活動が活発になった幼児期の頃は、おむつ交換をするために寝位で静止していることは少なく、また、寝位になることさえ嫌がる場合も多く、そのような場合に寝位で装着するのは非常に大変である。特に寝位での装着を嫌がったりする場合、例えば、はいはいをして逃げ回ったりする場合には、その装着が容易ではない。そのような子供に対しては四つんばいや立っている状態(以下、立位ともいう)で装着を試みることになるが、従来のおむつでは、この場合も装着は容易ではない。
【0004】
立位での装着が難しい理由としては、立位と寝位とで被装着者の体型が変化し、被装着者の腹囲(腹部の周長)が、立位の状態では寝位の状態におけるよりも大きくなることが挙げられる。例えば、幼児の場合、大きい場合には5cm程度も腹囲が変化する。このことから、立位での装着を容易とするために、ファスニングテープ同士間の幅(即ちおむつの幅)を広くして、腹囲の変化に対応できるようにすることも考えられるが、その場合には、寝位での装着の際に、ファスニングテープ同士間の幅が広すぎて左右のファスニングテープ同士が交差する等の不都合が生じる。
また、他の原因としては寝位での装着の場合では、おむつは被装着者の背中と床(若しくは寝具)などの間に挟まれ、被装着者の荷重により装着位置から移動しにくい状態となっているのに対し、立位での装着の場合では、おむつはどこにも固定されていないために、装着者自身がおむつを装着位置から動かないように保持しながら、装着を行わなければならないことが挙げられる。
このような状況で、親はパンツ型のおむつを使用することを検討しはじめるが、つかまり立ちが始まったばかりのような乳幼児では立って脚を上げることが難しいので、結局パンツ型おむつを使うことを挫折してしまう。結局、親は逃げようとして暴れる子供を押さえ付けながら寝かせておむつ替えをしなければならなかった。
要するに、立位及び寝位の何れ状態においても充分に装着し易い使い捨ておむつは、未だ提供されていない。
【0005】
従って、本発明の目的は、立位及び寝位の何れの状態においても装着し易い使い捨ておむつを提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、液透過性の表面シート、液不透過性の裏面シート及び両シート間に介在された液保持性の吸収体を備え、長手方向の一方の部位の両側縁部にファスニングテープが設けられており、該一方の部位の胴回り部における両側部に、おむつ幅方向に弾性伸縮するサイド伸縮部が形成されており、おむつ長手方向の両側に立体ギャザーが形成されているおむつであって、股下部における前記吸収体が配されている領域に、おむつ幅方向の曲げ剛性が25gf/50mm以下の領域を有しており、前記立体ギャザーは100%以上の伸張率で配されており、該立体ギャザーをおむつ非固定状態で伸張させたとき、おむつ配設状態における伸長率(%)から30%減じた伸長率として定義される実効伸張率における引張荷重が20〜120gfであり、伸長率が20%から前記実効伸長率までの間の引張荷重増加率が1.0(gf/%)以下である立位での装着が容易なおむつを提供することにより、前記目的を達成したものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を、その好ましい一実施形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。
本発明の一実施形態としての使い捨ておむつ1は、図1及び図2に示すように、液透過性の表面シート2、液不透過性の裏面シート3、及び両シート間に介在された液保持性の吸収体4を備えている。使い捨ておむつ1は、展開型の使い捨ておむつであり、長手方向の中央部に股下部Aを有し、長手方向における該股下部Aの両側に第1部B及び第2部Cを有している。そして、長手方向の一方の部位である第1部Bの両側縁部にファスニングテープ5,5が設けられ、他方の部位である第2部Cの外表面にファスニングテープ5,5を止着するランディングゾーン53が設けられている。
股下部Aは、着用時に着用者(被装着者)の股下部(股間部)に配される部位である。本実施形態における第1部B及び第2部Cは、その何れか一方が着用者の背側に配され他方が着用者の腹側に配される。
【0008】
使い捨ておむつ1は、股下部Aの両側縁が円弧状に形成されており、全体として、長手方向中央部が括れた砂時計状の形状を有している。
表面シート2は、吸収体4よりも外形寸法の大きい略矩形状の平面視形状を有しており、裏面シート3の幅方向中央部に配されている。裏面シート3は、おむつの外形形状に一致する砂時計状の外形を有している。
表面シート2及び裏面シート3は、それぞれ、吸収体4の両側縁41,41及び両端縁42a,42bから外方に延出しており、それらの延出部において互いに接合されている。裏面シート3の長手方向の両側部は、表面シート2の両側縁から幅方向外方に延出している。
【0009】
使い捨ておむつ1における長手方向の両側には、一対の立体ギャザー6,6がそれぞれおむつの長手方向に沿って形成されている。各立体ギャザー6は、弾性部材61を有する立体ギャザー形成用のシート材62を、表面シート2の両側縁の外方から内方に亘るように配設して形成されている。各シート材62は、吸収体4の側縁41と後述するレッグ部弾性部材9との間において、長手方向に亘って直線状に表面シート2上に固定されており、その直線状の固定部が立体ギャザー6の固定端64となっている。各シート材62は、前記固定端64よりも幅方向外方に位置する部分が表面シート2又は裏面シート3上に固定されており、また、おむつの長手方向両端部近傍における該固定端64よりもおむつ幅方向中央側に位置する部分は表面シート2上に固定されている。各シート材62の立体ギャザー6には、その自由端63と略平行に複数本の糸状の弾性部材61が配設されている。
【0010】
使い捨ておむつ1における第1部Bのウエスト部Dには、ウエスト部弾性部材71が配設されてウエスト伸縮部7が形成されており、また、第1部Bの胴回り部Eにおける両側部には、それぞれ複数本の胴回り部弾性部材81が配設されて一対のサイド伸縮部(幅方向に弾性伸縮する伸縮部)8が形成されている。一対のサイド伸縮部8,8は、何れも、一対のファスニングテープ5,5同士間に位置する領域に形成されている。
【0011】
ウエスト部Dは、着用時に着用者の腰回りに配される部分であり、おむつの長手方向の両端部分を構成している。ウエスト部は、ウエスト端縁11,12から股下方向20mmまでの領域である。本実施形態のおむつ1においては、第1部B及び第2部CそれぞれにおけるウエストDに、ウエスト部弾性部材71が配設されてウエスト伸縮部7が形成されている。各ウエスト部弾性部材71は、おむつの幅方向に亘って伸張状態で配設されている。尚、本実施形態におけるウエスト部弾性部材71は、それぞれ発泡ウレタンからなり、帯状の形態を有している。ウエスト部弾性部材71は、ウエスト部Dにおける裏面シート3と表面シート2又は前記シート材62との間に挟持固定されている。
【0012】
第1部Bの胴回り部Eは、図2に示すように、使い捨ておむつ1を、その各部の弾性部材を伸張させて平面状に拡げた状態(緊張状態)とし、第1部B側を上側、第2部C側を下側と考えた場合に、前記ウエスト部D(ウエスト端縁11から20mm幅の領域)よりも下方に位置し且つ股下部(着用時に着用者の股下に配される部分で、左右両側縁が脚廻りに沿わせるように凹状に形成されている部分)Aより上方に位置する部分である。
各サイド伸縮部8おける複数本の胴回り部弾性部材81は、長手方向に所定の間隔を置いて、それぞれ幅方向に亘って略平行に配されている。
【0013】
本実施形態における胴回り部弾性部材81は、少なくとも吸収体4の長手方向両側縁41,41の位置よりも幅方向外方の部位に弾性伸縮性が発現されるように伸張状態で固定されており且つ該吸収体4の両側縁41,41の位置よりも幅方向内方の部位における少なくとも中央部には配設されていない。また、各胴回り部弾性部材81は、表面シート2、裏面シート3及び吸収体4を備え、股下部A、第1部B及び第2部Cを有する本体部分10におけるシート間に固定されている。具体的には、第1部Bの幅方向に亘って配された2枚の柔軟な固定用シート間に挟持固定された状態で配されており、2枚の該固定用シートは、裏面シート3と、表面シート2又は前記シート材62との間に接着固定されている。各胴回り部弾性部材8のおむつ幅方向内方側の端部は、吸収体4の両側縁41の位置よりも幅方向内側に若干入る程度の位置にあり、吸収体4の幅方向中央部から左右両側縁41,41の近傍にかけての領域には、胴回り部弾性部材81が配されていない。
【0014】
尚、本使い捨ておむつ1における長手方向の両側それぞれには、複数本のレッグギャザー形成用のレッグ部弾性部材9,9が、おむつ長手方向に沿って直線状に配設されている。
【0015】
本実施形態のおむつ1は、股下部Aにおける吸収体4が配されている領域に、おむつ幅方向の曲げ剛性が25gf/50mm以下の領域R1,R1を有している。
より具体的には、股下部Aにおける吸収体4が配されている領域は、その一部(図3中、斜線を付した部分)R1,R1が該領域の他の部位R2よりも低剛性(柔軟)になされており、その低剛性(柔軟)な部位(以下、低剛性領域ともいう)R1,R1は、おむつ幅方向の曲げ剛性が25gf/50mm以下である。
ここで、股下部Aにおける、吸収体4が配されている領域(以下、吸収体配設領域ともいう)とは、使い捨ておむつ1を、図2に示すように平面状に拡げた状態(緊張状態)において平面視(俯瞰視)したときに、厚み方向の内部(上下面間)に吸収体4が存在する領域である。
本実施形態における低剛性領域R1,R1は、図3に示すように、吸収体4が配されている領域における、おむつ長手方向の両側部に、それぞれ長手方向に延びるように形成されている。
【0016】
低剛性領域R1の前記曲げ剛性の下限値は、吸収体配設領域が装着時に股間部で排泄物を捕集できる程度の幅及び空間を有すること及びそれらを維持しようとする最低限の復元力を発揮させる観点、また、立位での装着時において股間部に挿入したおむつを引き上げた時におむつ自身が被装着者の股間部に適合しずれ落ちず、テープの止着を容易にする装着補助の観点から3gf/50mm、好ましくは5gf/50mm程度である。装着容易性と装着後のフィット性及びモレ性能とを両立させる観点から、低剛性領域R1の前記曲げ剛性は3〜25gf/50mm、特に5〜20gf/50mmであることが好ましい。
【0017】
本実施形態のおむつ1は、前記吸収体配設領域に、おむつ幅方向の幅W3(図3参照)が50mm以上で且つおむつ幅方向の曲げ剛性が25gf/50mm超の領域(以下、高剛性領域ともいう)R2を有している。
高剛性領域R2の前記曲げ剛性は、装着容易性と装着時の形状保持性の観点から、上限は60gf/50mmであることが好ましく、特に30〜50gf/50mmであることが好ましい。
【0018】
立位での装着性を向上させる観点から、各低剛性領域R1の幅W1(図3参照)は、吸収体配設領域の幅W2(図3参照)の15〜50%であることが好ましく、左右の低剛性領域R1,R1の合計幅は、吸収体配設領域の幅W2の30〜100%であることが好ましい。他方、左右の低剛性領域R1,R1同士間に存在する高剛性領域R2の幅W3(図3参照)は前記幅W2の0〜70%であることが好ましい。また、前記幅W2は、股間部の吸収性能及び立位での装着時において股間部に挿入したおむつを引き上げた時におむつ自身が被装着者の股間部に適合しズレ落ちず、テープの止着を容易にする装着補助の観点から70mm以上であることが好ましく、装着容易性及び装着後の被装着者の股間部へのフィット性の観点から150mm以下であることが好ましい。前記幅W3は、狭い方が良く0〜80mmであることが好ましい。
【0019】
ここで、低剛性領域R1及び高剛性領域R2それぞれの、おむつ幅方向の曲げ剛性は、以下のようにして測定される。
〔曲げ剛性の測定方法〕
測定にはテンシロン試験機〔(株)オリエンテック社製のRTC−1150A〕を用い、JIS規格K7171法(プラスチック−曲げ特性の試験方法)に準拠して測定を行う(R1=5.0±0.1mm、R2=5.0±0.2mm)。
試験片をエッジスパン間Lを50mmとした支持台の両エッジ間に渡すように置き、試験片に僅かに接するように圧子先端部を配置する。ロードセル5kg(レンジ200gf)、速度30mm/minの条件で、圧子を降下させ、荷重−たわみ曲線を得る。得られた曲げ応力の最大値を曲げ剛性値(gf/50mm)とする。
試験片はギャザーを除去したおむつから、測定に影響するような折り目、しわ等が含まれないように表面材から裏面材までの構成部材を含めておむつの長手方向50mm、幅方向80mmの長方形の大きさに切り出す。曲げ剛性値の単位中の50mmは試験片の短辺の長さであり、試験時の圧子でたわませた試験片の幅である。試験片は、その長辺を、一方のエッジから他方にエッジに亘る方向に一致させて、両エッジ間に架け渡す。
【0020】
試験片は、剛性を測定しようとする部位の幅が50mm超の場合には、その幅の全体を切り出す。剛性を測定しようとする部位の幅が50mm以下の場合には、その部位が含まれるように切り出し、両エッジ間に該部位の少なくとも一部が位置するように置く。
例えば、吸収体配設領域のおむつ幅方向の両端部に他の部位より低剛性の幅50mm以下の領域がある場合、測定片は、その低剛性の領域を長手方向の一端部に含むように切り出し、その低剛性の領域の一端が一方のエッジ上に位置し、他端がエッジ間に位置するようにセットする。この場合、前記圧子は、エッジ間の中央部において、その低剛性領域以外の部位を押圧することになる場合もあるが、得られる荷重の最大値は、主として低剛性の領域の剛性に依存するため、そのようにして得られた荷重の最大値を、その低剛性の領域の曲げ剛性値(gf/50mm)とする。
また、吸収体配設領域からおむつ幅方向の幅が50mm超の試験片を切り出し、該試験片について上述のようにして求めた荷重の最大値が25gf/50mm超である場合には、吸収体配設領域に、おむつ幅方向の幅W3(図3参照)が50mm以上で且つおむつ幅方向の曲げ剛性が25gf/50mm超の領域がある。
【0021】
本実施形態における低剛性領域R1は、吸収体配設領域に配されている吸収体4の一部の構成を他の部位の構成と異ならせること、より具体的には、吸収体4の一部における坪量を他の部位における坪量よりも小さくすることにより形成されている。
【0022】
吸収体の一部における坪量を他の部位における坪量よりも小さくする方法としては、例えば▲1▼上部吸収層及び下部吸収層からなる2層構造の吸収体の一部に、上部又は下層吸収層からなる1層構造の低坪量の部位を設ける方法、▲2▼繊維をネット上に吸引堆積させて所定形状の繊維集合体からなる吸収体を製造するに際し、その一部に堆積させる繊維量を他の部位に堆積させる繊維量よりも少なくする方法、▲3▼多層積層吸収層で一層もしくは数層が配されていない部位を設ける方法、▲4▼多構成物の積層吸収層で1つもしくは数種類の構成物が配されていない部位を設ける方法等が挙げられる。
これらの方法の中でも、上記▲1▼の方法が上部吸収層及び下部吸収層を各々独立して構成でき、吸収性能や坪量を任意に比較的容易に設定できる点から好ましい。
【0023】
尚、低剛性領域の形成方法としては、更に、吸収体4にスリットを配する方法、吸収体4に吸収層を分割して配する方法、エンボス等の処理を施す方法、圧縮弾性を有する繊維を配するもしくは混入する方法、吸収体4に接着剤(ホットメルト)を配さない方法、おむつの構成部材数を少なくする方法等を用いることもできる。
【0024】
本使い捨ておむつ1における立体ギャザー6は、低モジュラスのものを高伸張率で配してある。
立体ギャザー6は、使い捨ておむつ1に100%以上の伸張率、好ましくは100〜300%の伸張率、特に好ましくは130〜200%の伸張率で配設されている。
おむつ配設状態(おむつに配設されている状態)の立体ギャザー6の伸張率が100%未満であると、装着時に立体ギャザーの先端部の起立性が損なわれ、立位での装着時などで、立体ギャザーの先端部を股間部に誘導する際に、立体ギャザーが倒れてしまったり、被装着者の肌にあたり、折れ曲がったりし、正しく装着することが難しくなる。また、被装着者の姿勢が変化した場合、立体ギャザーの先端部が被装着者の肌との間に隙間が生じ排泄物が漏れる可能性が大きくなる。前記伸張率が300%以下であると、おむつが丸まることを防げるので装着し易い。特に、立位での装着ではおむつが股間部に挿入された時にテープが止着するまでの間おむつがずれ落ち難いために、おむつが正規な位置に、よれないように装着し易い。このため、フィット性と漏れ防止性能が良好である。
【0025】
おむつ配設状態における立体ギャザー6の伸張率は以下のようにして測定される。
〔おむつ配設状態の伸長率〕
おむつ長手方向の中央部に位置する部分が含まれるようにおむつから立体ギャザーを切り出し、最大に伸張させた時点(図2に示すおむつ配設状態における長さまで伸張させた時点)での、離間した2地点間の区間Hの長さをH、その後伸張を開放し、自然状態、即ち、切り出したギャザーが自然に縮んだ状態において測定した前記区間Hの長さhとしたとき、下記式(1)で表される。
伸張率(%)=(H―h)/h ×100        (1)
自然状態での長さhは、平らな面を持つ板などの上で負荷をできるだけかけずにギャザーによる凹凸を最小限にして測定する。区間の前記長さHとしては200mm程度設けることが好ましい。
【0026】
また、立体ギャザー6は、おむつ非固定状態(おむつに固定されていない状態、即ちおむつから立体ギャザーを切り出した状態をいう)で伸張させたとき、おむつ配設状態における伸張率(%)から30%減じた伸張率(おむつ配設状態伸長率−30%)で定義される実効伸長率における引張荷重が20〜120gf、好ましくは50gf〜100gfであり、伸張率が20%から前記実効伸張率までの間の引張荷重増加率が1.0(gf/%)以下、好ましくは0.7(gf/%)以下である。
実効伸張率、即ちおむつ配設状態の伸張率(%)から30%減じた地点で評価する意味は、伸張率(%)に対する立体ギャザーの荷重曲線、すなわち伸張応力を測定する際、それ以上の伸張率では構成部材の伸張荷重が含まれることが多く、ギャザーとしての物性値以上の荷重曲線となりやすく、正味のギャザーの物性ではないためである。
また、おむつ装着時におむつはU字形状に湾曲し、その中に配された立体ギャザーはおむつのU字形状の外周より小さいU字状の軌線となるため、おむつ配設状態の伸張率まで伸張することはほとんどないために、おむつ配設状態の伸張率から減じた地点で評価することは実質的な装着状態での立体ギャザーの挙動を表すには妥当な地点であるといえる。
【0027】
〔おむつ非固定状態の伸張特性〕
実効伸長率における引張荷重、及び引張荷重増加率は、以下のようにして求められる。
おむつ1から、立体ギャザー(固定端と自由端との間の帯状部分)6を切り出して試験片とし、該試験片を、テンシロン引っ張り試験機〔(株)オリエンテック社製、RTC−1150A〕のチャック間に固定して長手方向に、速度300mm/min、ロードセル5kgの条件で伸張させ、その伸張過程における伸張率及び対応する引張荷重をプロットして、伸張率及び引張荷重の関係曲線〔横軸;伸長率(%),縦軸;引張荷重(gf),図6参照〕を得る。
【0028】
得られた関係曲線から、伸張率が20%のときと実効伸張率のときの各々の引張荷重の値を読み取る。また、伸張率が20%から実効伸張率までの関係曲線の勾配、即ち〔引張荷重(実効伸張率時)−引張荷重(20%時)〕/〔実効伸張率(%)−20%〕を算出し、その値を、伸張率が20%から実効伸張率までの間の引張荷重増加率(gf/%)とする。
尚、試験片は、おむつ長手方向の中央部に位置する部分が含まれるように切り出し、また、自然状態、即ち切り出したギャザーが自然に縮んだ状態で、平らな面を持つ板などの上で、負荷をできるだけかけずにギャザーを平らにした場合の長さが少なくとも70mm以上となるように切り出す。好ましくは、おむつ配設状態の伸張率を測定した後のものを使用する。伸張開始時の試験片の初期長(自然状態における長さ,伸張率0%)は50mmとし、該試験片をおむつに配設された状態における伸張率となるまで伸張させる。
【0029】
実効伸張率における引張荷重が20gf未満であると、装着時に立体ギャザーの先端部の起立性が損なわれ、立位での装着時などで立体ギャザーの先端部を股間部に誘導する際に立体ギャザーが倒れてしまったり、被装着者の肌にあたり折れ曲がってしまったりし、正しく装着することが難しくなる。また、被装着者の姿勢が変化した場合立体ギャザーの先端部が被装着者の肌との間に隙間が生じ排泄物がモレる可能性が大きくなる。たとえ、立体ギャザーの先端部が被装着者の肌に隙間なく接している場合でも、立体ギャザーとしての締め付け力が弱いために、排泄物を立体ギャザー間内に閉じ込めようとする隠蔽力が弱く、ギャザー先端部を押しのけて排泄物が外側に移動する可能性も大きくなり、漏れ防止効果として有効であるとはいえない。
実効伸張率における引張荷重が120gf超であると、おむつを展開する時の力が大きく展開しにくいおむつとなり、寝かせてあお向けで装着する場合などでは装着性が悪くなる。また、装着後のおむつの処理についてもおむつが丸まろうとする力が強いため操作性が悪くなる。
【0030】
また、通常立位での装着では、おむつが股間部に挿入されたときに、テープ部を止着するまでもなくおむつが丸まったり、ズレ落ちてしまったりして装着が難しい。
これらは本発明のようにおむつ配設時の伸張率が大きくなると生じる課題であり、展開時に伸張された立体ギャザーが伸張を開放するように縮もうとして生じ、結果的におむつを丸めてしまう現象である。したがって、本発明では引張り荷重をある程度小さくすることで、縮もうとする挙動に対する力を小さくし、縮もうとする現象を遅延させたり、縮んだものを展開するときに必要な力を小さくすることで、装着者の装着性を悪化させないことを達成した。特におむつ配設時の伸張率が同じ条件では伸張応力が支配因子であり、伸張応力が小さいほど伸びやすく、扱いやすいおむつとなる。120gfを超えない程度であれば装着者はおむつを展開するときに容易に展開でき、操作性も損なわないといえる。
【0031】
引張荷重増加率は小さいほうが好ましく、装着されたおむつの立体ギャザーが肌へ密着し、漏れを防止しようとする力が装着者の姿勢の変化や様々な装着方法により大きく変わらない。また、装着時においてもおむつを展開するときに急激な力の変化がなく、展開時に装着者が感じるギャザーの重量感(いわゆる重たさ)がなく、扱いやすいため、寝位・立位ともに装着性が向上できる。
したがって、引張荷重増加率を、伸長率の単位増加量当たりの引張荷重の増加量として計算した場合、引張荷重増加率は、伸長率が0%超から実効伸張率までの総ての地点で1.0(gf/%)以下であることが好ましい。しかしながら、一部の区間では1.0(gf/%)超になる場合がある。そのような区間が伸張率0〜20%程度の部分である場合に、実質的に上述の効果を有するものは本発明の主旨から逸脱するものではない。とはいえこの区間においての引張荷重増加率としての上限は2.0(gf/%)までであることが好ましい。
このような観点から、本発明では、伸張率が20%から実効伸張率の間の引張荷重増加率を規定している。
【0032】
本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ1によれば、吸収体配設領域の一部分が低剛性領域R1となっており、且つ低モジュラスの立体ギャザー6を高伸張率で配してあるため、寝位での装着のみならず、立位で装着する際にも極めて装着性に優れている。
即ち、従来の展開型使い捨ておむつにおいては、被装着者(赤ちゃん等)に寝位で装着する場合には、該被装着者の両脚を左右に大きく拡げることができるため、おむつの装着は比較的容易である。しかし、立位で装着する場合には、両脚を大きく拡げるような体位をとらせることは困難であるため、必然的に股間部の幅(両脚間の幅)が狭くなり、その狭い股間部に、沢山の構成部材からなる使い捨ておむつを挿入して装着することになる。これが要因であると推定されるが、立位で装着する場合には、おむつの装着位置が寝位で装着する場合に比べて下方にずれた位置となる場合が殆どであり、装着位置が下方にずれることにより、被装着者の仮想的な腹囲(腹部の周長)が長くなる。従来の使い捨ておむつにおいては、立位と寝位とで被装着者の体型が変化することによる腹囲(腹部の周長)の変化に加えて、このように装着位置のずれによる仮想的な腹囲(腹部の周長)の変化が生じるため、立位における装着は寝位における装着に比べて一層困難であった。
上述の観点から幅方向の剛性を柔らかくしていくと装着性はよくなると考えられるが、そのように配したおむつでは股間部が必要以上にヨレてしまい、モレ易くなってしまう。したがって、幅方向に関して柔らかくしようということは考えにくい。
これに対して、本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ1によれば、今回高伸長率低モジュラスギャザーを導入することにより、ギャザーの起立性が上がるのでヨレたとしても空間がしっかり保たれてモレを防止できたことから、モレ性能と装着性の向上が同時に実現できた。
したがって、モレ性能を維持しながら、おむつを装着する際に、立位時の狭い股間部におむつがスムーズに入り込み、立位で装着する場合であっても寝位の装着位置と変わらない位置におむつを装着することができるため、立位での装着性を向上させることができる。また、立位での装着性を向上させるに伴って、第1部の幅方向の伸縮幅や第1部の幅を極端に大きくする必要もなく、寝位での装着性を損なうこともない。
【0033】
本発明の立体ギャザーは、そこに配する弾性部材が全体で、少なくとも伸長率20%から実効伸長率までの引張り荷重増加率が1.0(gf/%)以下で、実効伸長率での引張り荷重が20〜120gfとなるものを、不織布製シートに接着固定する方法等によって得ることができる。ここで「全体で」とは、立体ギャザーに複数本弾性部材を配する場合には、「複数本の合計として」という意味である。立体ギャザー用弾性部材としては、糸状のもの(糸ゴム等、好ましくは太さ450dtex以下)、所定幅の帯状のもの(平ゴム等、好ましくは太さと厚みの比が0.1〜1のもの)、薄膜状のもの等を挙げることができ、弾性部材の形成素材としては、天然ゴムの他、スチレン−ブタジエン、ブタジエン、イソプレン、ネオプレン等の合成ゴム、EVA、伸縮性ポリオレフィン、ウレタン等を挙げることができる。また、弾性部材を複数本立体ギャザーに配する場合には、各弾性部材における少なくとも伸長率20%から実効伸長率までの引張り荷重増加率が0.5(gf/%)以下で、実効伸長率での引張り荷重が5〜50gfのものを使用することが好ましい。
【0034】
更に、本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ1によれば、胴回り部弾性部材81が、上述したように、表面シート2、裏面シート3及び吸収体4を備えた本体部分10におけるシート間に一体的に固定されているため、本体部分10に所要の弾性伸縮性を付与することができると共に、本体部分10に別体の弾性伸縮材を連結した構成を有するもの(例えば特表平9−507409や特開平6−63077に記載のもの)とは異なり、例えば、はいはいで逃げる子供に対して急いで止着する場合などにファスニングテープ5を強く引っ張っても伸縮部が破損する恐れがない。このため、従来のように着用者を仰向けにした状態で第1部を着用者の背側に位置させ、ファスニングテープ5,5を腹側でランディングゾーン53に止着する方法(以下、腹側装着という)だけではなく、背側でファスニングテープ5,5をランディングゾーン53に止着する方法(以下、背側装着という)でも着用させ易いという効果も奏される。
【0035】
本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ1は、おむつを長手方向に2等分(全長を2等分)する中央線CL(図2参照)の両側の飽和吸収容量、即ち中央線CLの両側に位置する両部分F,Gの飽和吸収容量の比(部分F/部分G)が45/55〜55/45であるので、背側装着した場合においても尿漏れが生じない。
即ち、本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ1は、腹側装着できるのみならず、前記背側装着でも容易に装着することができ、何れの場合において漏れが生じない。装着の向きを問わずに尿漏れが生じないようにする観点から、前記飽和吸収容量の比(部分F/部分G)は48/52〜52/48であることが好ましく、両部分の飽和吸収容量は、両者の差が小さい程好ましい。尚、図4には、立ち上がった状態の被装着者(幼児)に、使い捨ておむつ1を背側装着した状態が示されている。
【0036】
ここで、おむつの中央線CLの両側の飽和吸収容量は、以下のようにして測定される。
〔飽和吸収容量の測定方法〕
先ず、おむつ1を、その長手方向を2等分する中央線CLで幅方向に切断する。そして、立体ギャザー及びレッグギャザーを切断して除去する。更に、胴回り部に配された伸縮部を切断する。但し、吸収層の構造が破壊又は切断されることがないように留意する。容器から水平に取り出せるように加工した金網に、切断したおむつを載せ、金網ごと重量を測定する。予め側面下部に溶液を排出する開口部を設けた容器内に金網ごとおむつを入れ、排泄開口部を閉じ、0.9重量%の生理食塩水を吸収体が完全に浸漬するように注入する。この時、おむつの切断端部からポリマー等が脱落しないように注入速度を調節する。完全浸漬後30分放置する。その後、排出開口部を下側にして容器ごと10度傾け、排出開口部を開き、容器内の溶液を排出する。排出が完全に終了するまで30分放置し、その後、容器から金網ごとおむつを取り出し、金網ごと重量を測定する。「試験終了後の重量」−「試験開始前の重量」からおむつの吸収量を算出し、この値を飽和吸収量(g)とする。
【0037】
また、本実施形態のおむつ1においては、各サイド伸縮部8は、収縮状態の幅(おむつから切り出して自然に収縮させた状態の幅)が20mm以上、好ましくは20〜100mmであり、一対のファスニングテープ5,5間を、おむつ幅方向に伸張させたときの伸長中間点における引張荷重が30〜300gfである。尚、引張荷重の測定においては、両ファスニングテープを把持し、両テープ間(第1部の両側端縁間)を自然状態の幅からその最大伸張幅の95%となるまで伸張させ、引張荷重は最大伸張幅と自然状態の幅の中間点で得られた荷重値とする。
サイド伸縮部8の収縮状態の幅を20mm以上とすることにより、装着が容易になる。特に立位での装着時及び背側装着時におけるテープをランディング部に止着することが容易となる。また、被装着者の腹部(胴回り部の変化に追従でき、適度な締め付け力を維持できる。
ファスニングテープ同士間の伸張中間点での伸張応力を、30gf以上とすることにより、胴回り部への適度なフィット感を提供し、装着後のズレ落ちやおむつの型崩れの防止、隙間の発生を抑制し、隙間からの漏れを防止し、また、着衣などがおむつ内に進入するのを防止する効果が得られる。300gf以下とすることにより、被装着者が着用時に窮屈に感じない適度な締め付け力とすることができる。また、ある程度の力で伸縮部が伸張できるため装着が容易となる。特に立位での装着時やはいはいで逃げる子どもの背側装着時におけるテープ部をランディング部に止着することが容易となる。
【0038】
尚、立位及び寝位での装着性、特に立位での装着性を向上させる観点から、股下部の最小幅W4(図2参照)は100〜240mm、特に120〜230mm、とりわけ120〜220mmが好ましく、左右両側のレッグ部弾性部材9,9同士間の最大幅W5(図2参照)は90〜230mm、特に100〜220mm、とりわけ100〜200mmが好ましい。左右の立体ギャザー6の自由端63同士間の幅W6(図2参照)は100mm以下、特に80mm以下であることが、着用者の両脚間に挿入し易く、おむつを引き上げ易いため好ましい。各立体ギャザーの幅W7(図2参照)は25〜60mmであることが好ましい。
通常の寝位での装着だけを考えれば、排泄ポイントに近い股下部の股間幅を狭くすることは、排泄物の漏れを誘引する恐れがあるし、第一、股間幅がある程度広くとも装着性にはさしたる影響はない。従って、通常は股間幅を狭くしようとは考えないところであろう。しかし本発明者らは、はいはいから歩行するまでの過渡期である、つかまり立ちやつたい歩きをするような子供に対して、立ったままで、しかも脚を上げなくても装着できるようなおむつの必要性を見出し、装着しやすさのために股間幅を狭くすることを考えたのである。そして、装着中の排泄物の漏れを防止するために、低モジュラスの立体ギャザーを採用し、立位での装着性と、立位装着後の漏れにくさを両立することに成功したのである。
【0039】
次いで、本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ1における各部の形成材料について説明する。
表面シート2、裏面シート3、立体ギャザー形成用の弾性部材61及びシート材62、ランディングゾーン53形成用のランディングテープ等の形成材料としては、従来、使い捨ておむつに用いられている各種公知の材料を特に制限なく用いることができる。
吸収体4としては、繊維集合体からなるものや、繊維集合体及び高吸水性ポリマーからなるもの等が用いられる。繊維集合体の形態としては、各種製法による不織布や繊維ウエブが挙げられる。高吸水性ポリマーを用いる場合、そのポリマーの存在態様は、繊維集合体の繊維間隙に分散されて保持されていても良いし、繊維材料からなる不織布や繊維ウエブ間にサンドイッチされて保持されていても良い。尚、繊維集合体、又は繊維集合体及び高吸水性ポリマーからなる吸収体は、台紙や液透過性の不織布からなる柔軟な被覆シートで被覆されていることが好ましい。
【0040】
また、ファスニングテープ5は、機械的面ファスナーのオス部材からなる止着部を有するものでも、粘着剤を塗布して形成した粘着部を有するものでも良い。但し、粘着部の場合には、逃げる子供などに対して、おむつを逆向きに装着(背側装着)する際に、親や介護者等の手に粘着部が着くことによって装着不可能ないし著しく困難になる場合があるが、機械的面ファスナーのオス部材からなる止着部のように、ランディングゾーン53に機械的に係合する止着部を有するものは、そのような心配がないので、特に背側装着に際して好ましい。その場合、裏面シート3の外表面側を不織布等の係合性に富む素材により形成し、該不織布等の一部を、ランディングゾーン53として利用することもできる。
【0041】
ウエスト部弾性部材71、胴回り部弾性部材81及びレッグ部弾性部材9としては、それぞれ各種公知の弾性部材を用いることができ、例えば、各弾性部材の形態としては、糸状のもの(糸ゴム等)、所定幅の帯状のもの(平ゴム等)、薄膜状のもの等を挙げることができ、弾性部材の形成素材としては、天然ゴムの他、スチレン−ブタジエン、ブタジエン、イソプレン、ネオプレン等の合成ゴム、EVA、伸縮性ポリオレフィン、ウレタン等を挙げることができる。
尚、ウエスト部弾性部材71は、所定幅の帯状のものが好ましく、胴回り部弾性部材81は、糸状のものが好ましく、レッグ部弾性部材9は、平ゴム状のものが好ましい。また、糸状の胴回り部弾性部材81は、例えば、各サイド伸縮部8にそれぞれ3〜12本程度配設することが好ましい。
【0042】
以上、本発明の好ましい一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、上述した実施形態に制限されず、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更が可能である。
例えば、上記実施形態における低剛性領域R1は、前記吸収体配設領域における、おむつ長手方向の両側部に形成されていたが、これに代えて図5に示すような態様で形成されていてもよい。即ち図5(a)に示すように、吸収体配設領域の中央領域におむつ幅方向にわたって連続的に形成されていてもよいし、図5(b)に示すように、おむつ幅方向に亘って非連続的に形成することもできる。また、図5(c)の如く形成されていても良いし、図5(d)に示すように、股間部における吸収体配設領域の全域が低剛性領域であってもよい。
【0043】
また、上記実施形態における第1部Bの胴回り部Eには、おむつ長手方向の両側部のみに伸縮部(サイド伸縮部8,8)が形成されていたが、おむつ長手方向の中央部にも両サイド伸縮部と連続又は非連続な伸縮部(幅方向に弾性伸縮する伸縮部)が形成されていても良い。
また、レッグ部弾性部材9は、おむつの長手方向の両側に、それぞれ股下部の側縁部に沿って円弧状に配しても良い。更に、各部の形状や各部材の配設態様等は適宜に変更可能である。
本発明の使い捨ておむつは、成人用の使い捨ておむつであっても良いが、幼児(ベビー)用の使い捨ておむつ、特におむつ換えを嫌がる幼児に適している。
【0044】
【実施例】
<実施例1>
図1〜図3に示す形態の使い捨ておむつを製造した。
製造した使い捨ておむつは、股下部の最小幅部分の股間幅(W4)、吸収体配設領域の幅(W2)、高剛性領域の幅(W3)の幅及び曲げ剛性、低剛性領域の幅(W3)及び曲げ剛性、おむつ配設状態における立体ギャザーの伸張率、引張荷重増加率、実効伸張率(おむつ配設時の立体ギャザーの伸張率―30%)における引張荷重、長手方向中央線CLの両側の飽和吸収容量の比(部分F/部分G)が、それぞれ表1に示す通りであった。立体ギャザー用の弾性部材としては帯状弾性部材2本を不織布シートに接着固定して配した。
尚、吸収体としては、上述した▲1▼の方法により、幅方向中央部に硬い部分が形成され幅方向両端部(長手方向両側部)に柔軟な部分が形成されたものを用いた。この使い捨ておむつについて、特に記載しない点については、後述する比較基準品と同様とした。
【0045】
<実施例2>
高剛性領域の幅(W3)及び曲げ剛性並びに低密度領域の幅(W1)及び曲げ剛性図1を、表1に示す通りに代えた以外は、実施例1と同様の構成の使い捨ておむつを製造した。
<実施例3,4>
全体が曲げ剛性の低い吸収体を用いて表1に示す吸収体配設領域を形成した以外は、実施例1と同様の構成の使い捨ておむつを製造した。
尚、実施例1,2,3のおむつは、第1部Bの胴回り部Eの幅方向所定伸張率における引張荷重が、第1部Bのウエスト部Dの幅方向の同じ伸張率の引張荷重よりも大きく、また、各サイド伸縮部の収縮状態の幅(おむつ幅方向の幅)が40mm程度で、一対のファスニングテープ間を、おむつ幅方向に伸張させたときの伸張中間点における引張荷重が30〜150gfの範囲内であった。
【0046】
<比較基準品>
花王株式会社製の市販の展開型使い捨ておむつ(商品名;「メリーズ(モレないフィット のびちぢみギャザー)」,幼児用Mサイズ)を装着性評価のための比較基準品とした。この比較基準品の使い捨ておむつにおいては、この使い捨ておむつについて、実施例1の使い捨ておむつの各部に対応する部位の寸法や立体ギャザーの伸張特性等を表1に示した。尚、本比較基準品のファスニングテープ間を、おむつ幅方向に伸張させたときの伸張中間点における引張荷重は30〜150gfの範囲内であった。
【0047】
<比較例1>
吸収体として、幅方向中央部に硬い部分が形成され幅方向両端部(長手方向両側部)に柔軟な部分が形成されたものを用いた以外は、比較基準品と同様の構成を有する使い捨ておむつを製造した。
<比較例2>
吸収体として全域に硬い部分が形成されたものを用いた以外は比較基準品と同様の構成を有するおむつを製造した。
<比較例3>
実施例3において、胴回り部に胴回り部弾性部材を配設しない以外は、実施例3と同一構成の使い捨ておむつを製造した。
【0048】
図6は、おむつ非固定状態における立体ギャザーの伸張率と伸張応力(荷重)との関係を示すグラフであり、曲線▲1▼は実施例1,2,3、曲線▲2▼は比較基準品における各立体ギャザーの伸縮特性を示す曲線である。
【0049】
【表1】

Figure 2004105696
【0050】
1)装着のし易さの評価
実施例1〜3及び比較例1,2の使い捨ておむつについて、装着のし易さを評価した。装着方法は、第1部を着用者の背側に位置させ、ファスニングテープを着用者の腹側においてランディングゾーンに止着する方法(腹側装着)とした。
紙おむつを使用して子育てしている(していた)11名に、実施例、比較基準品及び比較例の使い捨ておむつを渡し、各使い捨ておむつについて、寝位及び立位での装着を行ってもらった。そして、寝位で装着した場合と立位で装着した場合のそれぞれについて、比較基準品との比較における装着容易性の優劣を、点数化して評価してもらった。
先ず、比較基準品の装着性を100点満点で評価をしてもらい、その後、それぞれのおむつについて同じく100点満点で評価をしてもらった。その点数から比較基準品の点数を差し引きしたものをそのおむつの装着容易性の点数とした。パネラー毎の装着容易性の点数の合計点をそのおむつの点数とした。この結果を表2に示した。
【0051】
2)動的ズレ性の評価(ズレ落ち量の測定)
使い捨ておむつを、可動式の幼児腰部モデル(立位で両脚を前後させる歩行運動が可能であり、形態的に幼児の腰部を模してあるモデル)に立位の状態で装着した。おむつは、おむつのウエスト縁端(上端縁)がモデル上端から70mm下方に位置(モデル腹囲42cm)するように装着し、ファスニングテープの先端部同士の間隔を13cmとした。
その状態で140歩/分の歩行速度で5分間歩行運動をさせ、その歩行運動後に、ウエスト縁端の位置が元の位置からズレた距離を測定し、ズレ落ち量とした。
装着方法は、腹側装着とし、比較基準品、実施例1〜3及び比較例1,2の各使い捨ておむつについて腹側装着時におけるズレ落ち量を測定した。その結果を表2に示した。
尚、比較例2については、股間部におむつがうまく適合しないため測定を中止した。
【0052】
【表2】
Figure 2004105696
【0053】
また、比較基準品、実施例4及び比較例3の各使い捨ておむつについて、装着方法を背側装着に代えた以外は上述した腹側装着時のズレ落ち量の測定方法と同様にして、背側装着時におけるズレ落ち量を測定した。その結果を表3に示した。
【0054】
【表3】
Figure 2004105696
【0055】
【発明の効果】
本発明の使い捨ておむつは、立位及び寝位の何れの状態においても装着し易いものである。また、立位で装着した後の漏れ防止性能も高いものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は、本発明の一実施形態としての使い捨ておむつを示す斜視図である。
【図2】図2は、図1の使い捨ておむつを、各部の弾性部材を伸張させ平面状に拡げた状態(緊張状態)を示す一部破断平面図である。
【図3】図3は、図1の使い捨ておむつの要部を拡大して示す平面図である。
【図4】図4は、図1の使い捨ておむつを、立ち上がった状態の幼児に、第1部Bを腹側に位置させて装着(背側装着)した状態を示す側面図である。
【図5】図5は、本発明の他の実施形態としての使い捨ておむつの要部を示す図である。
【図6】図6は、おむつ非固定状態における立体ギャザーの伸張率と伸張応力(荷重)との関係を示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
1  使い捨ておむつ
2  表面シート
3  裏面シート
4  吸収体
5  ファスニングテープ
6  立体ギャザー
8  サイド伸縮部(伸縮部)
R1 低剛性領域(柔軟な部位)
A  股下部
B  第1部(長手方向の一方の部位)
C  第2部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a disposable diaper that can be easily worn in any of a standing position and a lying position.
[0002]
Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention
Conventionally, as a disposable diaper, a deployment type disposable diaper having a fastening tape and a pants type disposable diaper formed in advance in a pants type are known. It is most commonly used because of its low cost.
[0003]
2. Description of the Related Art A conventional general deployable disposable diaper is designed to be worn in a state where a wearer (such as a baby) is lying on his / her back (hereinafter, also referred to as a sleeping position). For this reason, it can be easily worn by a wearer who is lying quietly on his back, but when he became active in childhood, he was still in a sleeping position to change diapers. In many cases, it is not easy to even sleep, and in such a case, it is very difficult to wear in the sleep position. In particular, when the user does not want to wear the product while lying down, for example, when he / she runs away, the user cannot easily wear the product. Attempts to wear such a child on all fours or in a standing state (hereinafter, also referred to as standing) will be made, but in the case of conventional diapers as well, wearing is not easy.
[0004]
The reason that wearing in the standing position is difficult is that the wearer's body shape changes between the standing position and the lying position, and the abdominal circumference (perimeter of the abdomen) of the wearing person is in the lying position in the standing position. Larger than that. For example, in the case of an infant, if it is large, the waist circumference changes by about 5 cm. From this, it is conceivable to increase the width between the fastening tapes (that is, the width of the diaper) so as to be able to cope with changes in the abdominal girth in order to facilitate mounting in the upright position. In the case of mounting in the sleeping position, there is a problem that the width between the fastening tapes is too wide and the left and right fastening tapes intersect.
As another cause, in the case of wearing in the lying position, the diaper is sandwiched between the back of the wearer and the floor (or bedding), and is difficult to move from the wear position due to the load of the wearer. In contrast, in the case of wearing in a standing position, the diaper is not fixed anywhere, so the wearer must wear the diaper while holding the diaper from the wearing position. It is mentioned.
In such a situation, parents begin to consider using pants-type diapers, but it is difficult for infants who have just begun to stand and raise their legs, so eventually they should use pants-type diapers. I will be frustrated. Eventually, parents had to change their diapers while laying down while holding down a rampaging child in an attempt to escape.
In short, a disposable diaper that can be easily worn in both the standing position and the lying position has not been provided yet.
[0005]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a disposable diaper that can be easily worn in both the standing position and the lying position.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention includes a liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet, and a liquid-retentive absorber interposed between the two sheets, and fastening tapes are provided on both side edges of one portion in the longitudinal direction. It is a diaper in which a side elastic portion that elastically expands and contracts in the diaper width direction is formed on both sides of the waist portion of the one part, and three-dimensional gathers are formed on both sides in the diaper longitudinal direction, The region in which the absorber in the crotch portion is disposed has a region in which the bending rigidity in the diaper width direction is 25 gf / 50 mm or less, and the three-dimensional gathers are disposed at an elongation ratio of 100% or more. When the three-dimensional gathers are stretched in a state in which the diaper is not fixed, the tensile load in the effective elongation defined as the elongation reduced by 30% from the elongation (%) in the diaper arrangement state is 20 to 120 gf. The object is achieved by providing a diaper which is easy to be worn in a standing position and has a tensile load increase rate of 1.0 (gf /%) or less from an elongation rate of 20% to the effective elongation rate. Achieved.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on a preferred embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a disposable diaper 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid-permeable top sheet 2, a liquid-impermeable back sheet 3, and a liquid holding member interposed between the two sheets. The absorbent body 4 is provided. The disposable diaper 1 is a deployable disposable diaper, has a crotch portion A at a central portion in the longitudinal direction, and has a first portion B and a second portion C on both sides of the crotch portion A in the longitudinal direction. . Fastening tapes 5 and 5 are provided on both side edges of the first portion B which is one portion in the longitudinal direction, and the fastening tapes 5 and 5 are fixed to the outer surface of the second portion C which is the other portion. A landing zone 53 is provided.
The crotch part A is a part arranged at the crotch part (crotch part) of the wearer (wearee) at the time of wearing. One of the first part B and the second part C in the present embodiment is arranged on the back of the wearer, and the other is arranged on the abdomen of the wearer.
[0008]
In the disposable diaper 1, both side edges of the crotch portion A are formed in an arc shape, and have an hourglass-like shape in which a central portion in the longitudinal direction is constricted as a whole.
The topsheet 2 has a substantially rectangular plan view shape having an outer dimension larger than that of the absorber 4, and is disposed at the center in the width direction of the backsheet 3. The back sheet 3 has an hourglass-shaped outer shape that matches the outer shape of the diaper.
The top sheet 2 and the back sheet 3 extend outward from both side edges 41, 41 and both end edges 42a, 42b of the absorber 4, respectively, and are joined to each other at their extending portions. Both longitudinal sides of the back sheet 3 extend outward in the width direction from both side edges of the top sheet 2.
[0009]
On both sides in the longitudinal direction of the disposable diaper 1, a pair of three-dimensional gathers 6, 6 are formed along the longitudinal direction of the diaper, respectively. Each of the three-dimensional gathers 6 is formed by disposing a three-dimensional gather forming sheet material 62 having an elastic member 61 so as to extend from outside to inside of both side edges of the top sheet 2. Each sheet member 62 is linearly fixed on the topsheet 2 in the longitudinal direction between the side edge 41 of the absorber 4 and a leg elastic member 9 described later. Are the fixed ends 64 of the three-dimensional gathers 6. In each of the sheet members 62, a portion located outward in the width direction from the fixed end 64 is fixed on the top sheet 2 or the back sheet 3, and the fixed end 64 near the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the diaper. The portion located on the center side in the diaper width direction is fixed on the topsheet 2. In the three-dimensional gather 6 of each sheet member 62, a plurality of thread-like elastic members 61 are disposed substantially parallel to the free ends 63 thereof.
[0010]
A waist elastic member 71 is provided at a waist portion D of a first portion B of the disposable diaper 1 to form a waist elastic portion 7. Further, on both sides of a waist portion E of the first portion B, A plurality of waist portion elastic members 81 are respectively provided to form a pair of side expandable portions (extendable portions that elastically expand and contract in the width direction) 8. Each of the pair of side elastic portions 8, 8 is formed in a region located between the pair of fastening tapes 5, 5.
[0011]
The waist portion D is a portion arranged around the waist of the wearer when worn, and constitutes both end portions of the diaper in the longitudinal direction. The waist portion is a region from the waist edges 11, 12 to the crotch direction 20 mm. In the diaper 1 of the present embodiment, a waist elastic member 71 is disposed on the waist D of each of the first portion B and the second portion C, and the waist elastic portion 7 is formed. Each waist elastic member 71 is disposed in an extended state across the width of the diaper. The waist elastic members 71 in the present embodiment are each made of urethane foam and have a belt-like shape. The waist elastic member 71 is sandwiched and fixed between the back sheet 3 and the top sheet 2 or the sheet material 62 at the waist D.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2, the waist portion E of the first portion B is such that the disposable diaper 1 is in a state where the elastic members of the respective portions are stretched to be expanded in a plane shape (tensed state), and the first portion B side is upward. When the second part C side is considered to be a lower side, it is located below the waist part D (a region having a width of 20 mm from the waist edge 11) and a crotch part (disposed at a wearer's crotch when worn). The left and right side edges are portions formed in a concave shape so as to extend along the leg.
The plurality of waist elastic members 81 in each of the side elastic portions 8 are arranged substantially in parallel in the width direction at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.
[0013]
The waist elastic member 81 in the present embodiment is fixed in an extended state at least at a portion outward in the width direction from the positions of the both side edges 41, 41 in the longitudinal direction of the absorber 4 so as to exhibit elastic elasticity. In addition, it is not provided at least at the central portion of the portion in the width direction inside than the position of both side edges 41, 41 of the absorber 4. Each waist elastic member 81 includes a top sheet 2, a back sheet 3, and an absorber 4, and is fixed between the sheets in the main body portion 10 having the crotch portion A, the first portion B, and the second portion C. . Specifically, it is arranged so as to be sandwiched and fixed between two flexible fixing sheets arranged in the width direction of the first portion B, and the two fixing sheets are a back sheet. 3 and the surface sheet 2 or the sheet material 62 are bonded and fixed. The inner end in the diaper width direction of each waist portion elastic member 8 is located at a position slightly inward in the width direction from the position of both side edges 41 of the absorber 4, and from the center in the width direction of the absorber 4. The waist elastic member 81 is not provided in the region extending to the vicinity of the left and right side edges 41, 41.
[0014]
In addition, a plurality of leg elastic members 9 for forming leg gathers are linearly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the diaper on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the disposable diaper 1, respectively.
[0015]
The diaper 1 of the present embodiment has regions R1 and R1 having a bending stiffness in the diaper width direction of 25 gf / 50 mm or less in a region where the absorber 4 is arranged in the crotch portion A.
More specifically, in the crotch A, the region where the absorber 4 is disposed has a part (a hatched portion in FIG. 3) R1 and R1 whose rigidity is lower than other parts R2 of the region. Each of the low-rigidity (flexible) portions (hereinafter, also referred to as low-rigidity regions) R1 and R1 has a bending rigidity in the diaper width direction of 25 gf / 50 mm or less.
Here, the region of the crotch A where the absorber 4 is arranged (hereinafter also referred to as an absorber arrangement region) is a state in which the disposable diaper 1 is expanded in a plane as shown in FIG. This is an area where the absorber 4 exists inside the thickness direction (between the upper and lower surfaces) when viewed in plan (overhead view) in (state).
As shown in FIG. 3, the low rigidity regions R1 and R1 in the present embodiment are formed on both sides in the diaper longitudinal direction in the region where the absorber 4 is arranged so as to extend in the longitudinal direction.
[0016]
The lower limit value of the bending stiffness of the low rigidity region R1 is such that the absorber-arranged region has a width and a space enough to collect the excrement at the crotch portion when worn, and the minimum restoring force for maintaining them. In addition, when the diaper inserted into the crotch part is pulled up when the user wears the diaper in the upright position, the diaper fits into the crotch part of the wearer and does not slip off, and the tape assists in fastening the tape. In view of the above, it is about 3 gf / 50 mm, preferably about 5 gf / 50 mm. The bending rigidity of the low-rigidity region R1 is preferably 3 to 25 gf / 50 mm, particularly preferably 5 to 20 gf / 50 mm, from the viewpoint of achieving both ease of mounting, fit after mounting, and leakage performance.
[0017]
The diaper 1 according to the present embodiment has a region in which the width W3 in the diaper width direction (see FIG. 3) is 50 mm or more and the bending stiffness in the diaper width direction is more than 25 gf / 50 mm (hereinafter referred to as high rigidity). R2).
The upper limit of the bending stiffness of the high-rigidity region R2 is preferably 60 gf / 50 mm, particularly preferably 30 to 50 gf / 50 mm, from the viewpoint of ease of mounting and shape retention during mounting.
[0018]
From the viewpoint of improving the mountability in the upright position, the width W1 (see FIG. 3) of each low-rigidity region R1 is preferably 15 to 50% of the width W2 (see FIG. 3) of the absorber arrangement region. It is preferable that the total width of the left and right low rigidity regions R1 and R1 is 30 to 100% of the width W2 of the absorber arrangement region. On the other hand, the width W3 (see FIG. 3) of the high rigidity region R2 existing between the left and right low rigidity regions R1 and R1 is preferably 0 to 70% of the width W2. In addition, the width W2 is determined by the absorption performance of the crotch part and the diaper itself is adapted to the crotch part of the wearer when the diaper inserted into the crotch part is pulled up when the user wears the tape in the upright position, and the tape does not fall off. It is preferably 70 mm or more from the viewpoint of assisting the wearing to facilitate the wearing, and is preferably 150 mm or less from the viewpoint of the ease of wearing and the fit to the crotch part of the wearer after the wearing. The width W3 is preferably as narrow as possible and preferably in the range of 0 to 80 mm.
[0019]
Here, the bending rigidity in the diaper width direction of each of the low rigidity region R1 and the high rigidity region R2 is measured as follows.
[Bending rigidity measurement method]
The measurement is performed using a Tensilon tester [RTC-1150A manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.] in accordance with JIS K7171 method (plastic-bending property test method) (R1 = 5.0 ± 0). .1 mm, R2 = 5.0 ± 0.2 mm).
The test piece is placed so as to pass between both edges of the support table with the edge span L being 50 mm, and the tip of the indenter is arranged so as to slightly touch the test piece. The indenter is lowered under conditions of a load cell of 5 kg (range 200 gf) and a speed of 30 mm / min to obtain a load-deflection curve. The maximum value of the obtained bending stress is defined as a bending rigidity value (gf / 50 mm).
From the diaper from which the gathers were removed, the diaper 50 mm in the longitudinal direction and 80 mm in the width direction including the components from the front surface material to the back surface material so as not to include folds, wrinkles, etc. Cut out to size. 50 mm in the unit of the bending stiffness value is the length of the short side of the test piece, and is the width of the test piece bent by the indenter during the test. The test piece is bridged between the edges, with the long sides of the test piece matching the direction from one edge to the other.
[0020]
If the width of the portion whose rigidity is to be measured is more than 50 mm, the entire test piece is cut out of the width. If the width of the part for which the rigidity is to be measured is 50 mm or less, cut out so as to include the part and place it so that at least a part of the part is located between both edges.
For example, when there is a region having a width of 50 mm or less with lower rigidity than other regions at both ends in the diaper width direction of the absorber disposition region, the measurement piece includes the low rigidity region at one end in the longitudinal direction. Cut out and set so that one end of the low rigidity area is located on one edge and the other end is located between the edges. In this case, the indenter may press a portion other than the low rigidity region in the center portion between the edges, but the maximum value of the obtained load mainly depends on the rigidity of the low rigidity region. Therefore, the maximum value of the load thus obtained is set as the bending rigidity value (gf / 50 mm) of the low rigidity region.
Further, a test piece having a width in the diaper width direction of more than 50 mm is cut out from the absorber disposition area, and if the maximum value of the load obtained as described above for the test piece is more than 25 gf / 50 mm, In the disposition area, there is a region where the width W3 in the diaper width direction (see FIG. 3) is 50 mm or more and the bending rigidity in the diaper width direction exceeds 25 gf / 50 mm.
[0021]
The low-rigidity region R1 in the present embodiment is configured such that the configuration of a part of the absorber 4 arranged in the absorber-arranged region is different from the configuration of the other portions, more specifically, the structure of the absorber 4 It is formed by making the basis weight in one part smaller than the basis weight in other parts.
[0022]
As a method of making the basis weight of one part of the absorber smaller than the basis weight of the other part, for example, (1) a part of the absorber having a two-layer structure composed of an upper absorbent layer and a lower absorbent layer, A method of providing a low-basis weight portion having a one-layer structure composed of an absorbent layer. (2) In producing an absorbent composed of a fiber aggregate having a predetermined shape by sucking and depositing fibers on a net, depositing the fibers on a part thereof. A method in which the amount of fibers is made smaller than the amount of fibers to be deposited in other parts; (3) a method in which one or more layers are not provided in the multilayer laminated absorbent layer; and (4) a method in which a multi-component laminated absorbent layer is provided. A method of providing a site where one or several types of components are not provided, and the like can be given.
Among these methods, the above method (1) is preferable because the upper absorbent layer and the lower absorbent layer can be independently constituted, and the absorption performance and the basis weight can be set arbitrarily and relatively easily.
[0023]
In addition, as a method of forming the low-rigidity region, a method of arranging a slit in the absorber 4, a method of dividing and arranging the absorbent layer in the absorber 4, a method of performing treatment such as embossing, and a fiber having compression elasticity , A method of disposing an adhesive (hot melt) on the absorber 4, a method of reducing the number of constituent members of the diaper, and the like.
[0024]
The three-dimensional gathers 6 of the disposable diaper 1 have a low modulus and a high elongation.
The three-dimensional gathers 6 are disposed on the disposable diaper 1 at an extension of 100% or more, preferably 100 to 300%, particularly preferably 130 to 200%.
If the elongation rate of the three-dimensional gathers 6 in the diaper arrangement state (the state in which the three-dimensional gathers are arranged in the diaper) is less than 100%, the erectability of the distal end of the three-dimensional gathers is impaired when the diaper is worn, and when the diaper is worn in a standing position. Therefore, when the distal end of the three-dimensional gather is guided to the crotch part, the three-dimensional gather may fall down or bend on the wearer's skin, making it difficult to attach the three-dimensional gather correctly. Further, when the posture of the wearer changes, a gap is formed between the distal end of the three-dimensional gather and the skin of the wearer, and the possibility of excretion leaking increases. When the stretching rate is 300% or less, the diaper can be prevented from being rounded, and thus can be easily worn. In particular, when the diaper is inserted in the crotch portion when the diaper is inserted into the crotch portion, the diaper is hard to slip off until the tape is fixed, so that the diaper can be easily mounted so as not to be distorted at a regular position. For this reason, the fitting property and the leak prevention performance are good.
[0025]
The extension rate of the three-dimensional gathers 6 in the diaper arrangement state is measured as follows.
[Elongation rate when diapers are installed]
The three-dimensional gathers were cut out of the diaper so as to include a portion located in the center of the diaper in the longitudinal direction, and were separated at the time when the diapers were extended to the maximum (when they were extended to the length in the diaper arrangement state shown in FIG. 2). Assuming that the length of the section H between the two points is H, and then the extension is released, and the length h of the section H measured in a natural state, that is, a state where the cut gathers are naturally contracted, the following equation (1) is obtained. ).
Elongation rate (%) = (Hh) / h × 100 (1)
The length h in the natural state is measured on a flat plate or the like while minimizing load due to gathers and minimizing unevenness due to gathers. The length H of the section is preferably set to about 200 mm.
[0026]
When the three-dimensional gathers 6 are expanded in a diaper-unfixed state (a state in which the three-dimensional gathers are not fixed to the diaper, that is, a state in which the three-dimensional gathers are cut out of the diaper), the expansion ratio (%) in the diaper arrangement state is 30%. The tensile load at the effective elongation defined by the% reduced elongation (diaper arrangement state elongation-30%) is 20 to 120 gf, preferably 50 gf to 100 gf, and the elongation is from 20% to the effective elongation. Is 1.0 (gf /%) or less, preferably 0.7 (gf /%) or less.
The meaning of evaluating at the point obtained by subtracting 30% from the effective extension rate, that is, the extension rate (%) in the diaper arrangement state, is a load curve of the three-dimensional gather with respect to the extension rate (%), that is, when measuring the extension stress, This is because the elongation rate often includes the elongation load of the constituent member, and tends to have a load curve that is equal to or greater than the physical property value of the gather, and is not the net physical property of the gather.
In addition, the diaper is bent into a U-shape when the diaper is mounted, and the three-dimensional gathers arranged therein have a U-shaped trajectory smaller than the outer periphery of the U-shaped diaper. Since there is almost no stretching, it can be said that evaluating at a point subtracted from the stretching rate in the diaper arrangement state is an appropriate point for expressing the behavior of the three-dimensional gather in a substantial wearing state.
[0027]
[Extension characteristics of the diaper unfixed state]
The tensile load and the rate of increase of the tensile load in the effective elongation are determined as follows.
From the diaper 1, a three-dimensional gather (a band-shaped portion between the fixed end and the free end) 6 is cut out to obtain a test piece, and the test piece is used as a test piece of a Tensilon tensile tester [RTC-1150A, manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.]. It is fixed between the chucks and stretched in the longitudinal direction under the conditions of a speed of 300 mm / min and a load cell of 5 kg, and the stretching rate and the corresponding tensile load in the stretching process are plotted to obtain a relation curve between the stretching rate and the tensile load [horizontal axis Elongation rate (%), vertical axis; tensile load (gf), see FIG. 6].
[0028]
From the obtained relationship curve, the value of each tensile load when the elongation is 20% and when the elongation is the effective elongation is read. Also, the gradient of the relation curve from the extension rate of 20% to the effective extension rate, that is, [tensile load (at the effective extension rate) −tensile load (at the time of 20%)] / [effective extension rate (%)-20%] Calculate and set the value as the tensile load increase rate (gf /%) between the elongation rate of 20% and the effective elongation rate.
The test piece was cut out so as to include a portion located in the center of the diaper in the longitudinal direction, and in a natural state, that is, in a state in which the cut out gathers naturally shrunk, on a plate having a flat surface or the like. The flattened gathers are cut out so as to have a length of at least 70 mm or more when a load is not applied as much as possible. Preferably, the one after measuring the elongation rate of the diaper provided state is used. The initial length (length in a natural state, elongation rate 0%) of the test piece at the start of stretching is 50 mm, and the test piece is stretched until it reaches the elongation rate in a state where the test piece is placed in a diaper.
[0029]
If the tensile load at the effective elongation is less than 20 gf, the standing of the front end of the three-dimensional gather is impaired at the time of wearing, and the three-dimensional gather is used to guide the leading end of the three-dimensional gather to the crotch at the time of wearing in a standing position. May fall down or bend on the skin of the wearer, making it difficult to mount it correctly. Further, when the posture of the wearer changes, a gap is formed between the distal end of the three-dimensional gather and the skin of the wearer, and the possibility of excretion leaking increases. Even if the tip of the three-dimensional gathers is in contact with the wearer's skin without any gaps, the tightening force as the three-dimensional gathers is weak, so the concealing power to confine the excrement within the three-dimensional gathers is weak, The possibility that the excrement moves outward by pushing away the gather tip increases, and it cannot be said that the excrement is effective as a leakage prevention effect.
If the tensile load at the effective elongation rate is more than 120 gf, the diaper will have a large force when it is deployed, and will not be easily deployed. In addition, the operability of the diaper after mounting is deteriorated because the diaper has a strong tendency to curl.
[0030]
In addition, when the diaper is inserted into the crotch portion when the diaper is inserted in the normal standing position, the diaper is difficult to wear because the diaper is rounded or slipped off without fixing the tape portion.
These are problems that occur when the stretching ratio at the time of disposing the diaper increases as in the present invention, and the phenomenon that the three-dimensional gathers that are stretched at the time of unfolding try to shrink so as to open the stretching and consequently round the diaper. It is. Therefore, in the present invention, by reducing the tensile load to some extent, the force for the behavior of shrinking is reduced, the phenomenon of shrinking is delayed, and the force required when deploying the shrunk material is reduced. Thus, the wearability of the wearer is not deteriorated. In particular, under the condition that the elongation rate at the time of disposing the diaper is the same, the elongation stress is a dominant factor. If it does not exceed 120 gf, the wearer can easily deploy the diaper when deploying the diaper, and it can be said that the operability is not impaired.
[0031]
The rate of increase in tensile load is preferably small, and the three-dimensional gathers of the worn diaper are in close contact with the skin, and the force for preventing leakage does not change significantly due to changes in the posture of the wearer or various wearing methods. In addition, even when the diaper is deployed, there is no sudden change in force when the diaper is deployed, and the wearer does not feel the gathering weight (the so-called weight) felt when the diaper is deployed. Performance can be improved.
Therefore, when the rate of increase in tensile load is calculated as the amount of increase in tensile load per unit increase in elongation, the rate of increase in tensile load is 1 at all points where the elongation exceeds 0% to the effective elongation. 0.0 (gf /%) or less. However, in some sections, it may exceed 1.0 (gf /%). When such a section is a portion where the expansion rate is about 0 to 20%, the one having substantially the above-mentioned effect does not depart from the gist of the present invention. However, the upper limit of the rate of increase in tensile load in this section is preferably up to 2.0 (gf /%).
From such a viewpoint, in the present invention, the rate of increase in the tensile load is specified when the elongation is between 20% and the effective elongation.
[0032]
According to the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment, a part of the absorber arrangement region is the low rigidity region R1, and the low modulus three-dimensional gathers 6 are arranged at a high extension rate. It is extremely excellent not only in mounting, but also in a standing position.
That is, in the conventional deployable disposable diaper, when the wearer (baby or the like) wears the patient in the lying position, the legs of the wearer can be greatly expanded right and left, so that the diaper is relatively worn. Easy. However, in the case of wearing in a standing position, it is difficult to take a position in which both legs are greatly expanded, so that the width of the crotch portion (width between the two legs) is inevitably reduced. Therefore, a disposable diaper composed of many components is inserted and attached. It is presumed that this is a factor, but when wearing the diaper in the upright position, the diaper is often shifted downward compared to the case where the diaper is worn in the lying position. , The virtual abdominal circumference (perimeter of the abdomen) of the wearer becomes longer. In the conventional disposable diaper, in addition to the change in the abdominal circumference (peripheral length of the abdomen) due to the change in the body shape of the wearer between the standing position and the lying position, the virtual abdominal girth ( Because of the change in the abdominal circumference), it was more difficult to wear in the standing position than in the lying position.
From the above point of view, it is considered that if the rigidity in the width direction is softened, the wearability is improved. However, in such a diaper, the crotch portion is unnecessarily distorted, and it becomes easy to leak. Therefore, it is hard to imagine trying to be soft in the width direction.
On the other hand, according to the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment, by introducing the high elongation rate and low modulus gathers this time, the uprightness of the gathers is increased, so that even if it is distorted, the space is firmly maintained and leakage can be prevented. As a result, it was possible to simultaneously improve the leakage performance and the mountability.
Therefore, when wearing the diaper while maintaining leakage performance, the diaper smoothly enters the narrow crotch part when standing, and even when wearing in the upright position, it is in the same position as the sleeping position Since the diaper can be worn, the wearability in a standing position can be improved. In addition, with the improvement of the wearability in the upright position, there is no need to make the width of the first portion stretchable in the width direction or the width of the first portion extremely large, and the wearability in the lying position is not impaired. .
[0033]
In the three-dimensional gather according to the present invention, the elastic member disposed thereon has a tensile load increase rate of at least 1.0 (gf /%) from an elongation rate of 20% to an effective elongation rate as a whole, A material having a load of 20 to 120 gf can be obtained by a method of bonding and fixing it to a nonwoven fabric sheet. Here, the term “total” means “when a plurality of elastic members are arranged in the three-dimensional gathers, as a total”. As the elastic member for the three-dimensional gathers, a thread-shaped member (thread rubber or the like, preferably 450 dtex or less in thickness), a band-shaped member of a predetermined width (flat rubber or the like, preferably having a ratio of thickness to thickness of 0.1 to 1) ), A thin film-shaped material, and the like. Examples of the material for forming the elastic member include natural rubber, synthetic rubber such as styrene-butadiene, butadiene, isoprene, and neoprene, EVA, elastic polyolefin, and urethane. be able to. When a plurality of elastic members are arranged in the three-dimensional gather, the tensile load increase rate from at least the elongation rate of 20% to the effective elongation rate of each elastic member is 0.5 (gf /%) or less, and the effective elongation rate is It is preferable to use one having a tensile load of 5 to 50 gf.
[0034]
Furthermore, according to the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment, the waist elastic member 81 is integrally fixed between the sheets in the main body portion 10 provided with the topsheet 2, the backsheet 3, and the absorber 4, as described above. As a result, it is possible to impart a required elasticity to the main body portion 10 and to have a configuration in which a separate elastic elastic material is connected to the main body portion 10 (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-507409 and 6-63077), for example, when the fastening tape is fast attached to a child who escapes with yes, even if the fastening tape 5 is strongly pulled, there is no possibility that the elastic portion is damaged. For this reason, the conventional method is such that the first part is positioned on the back of the wearer with the wearer turned on his / her back, and the fastening tapes 5, 5 are fastened to the landing zone 53 on the abdomen (hereinafter referred to as the abdomen) In addition to the method of attaching the fastening tapes 5 and 5 to the landing zone 53 on the back side (hereinafter referred to as “attachment”), there is an effect that it is easy to wear.
[0035]
The disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment has saturated absorption capacities on both sides of a center line CL (see FIG. 2) that bisects the diaper in the longitudinal direction (total length is equal to two), that is, both diapers located on both sides of the center line CL. Since the ratio of the saturated absorption capacities of the portions F and G (portion F / portion G) is 45/55 to 55/45, no urine leakage occurs even when the device is worn on the back side.
In other words, the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment can be worn not only on the abdominal side but also easily on the back side, and no leakage occurs in any case. From the viewpoint of preventing urine leakage irrespective of the mounting direction, the ratio of the saturated absorption capacity (part F / part G) is preferably 48/52 to 52/48, and the saturated absorption capacity of both parts is preferred. The smaller the difference between the two, the better. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the disposable diaper 1 is worn on the back side of a wearer (infant) in a standing state.
[0036]
Here, the saturation absorption capacity on both sides of the center line CL of the diaper is measured as follows.
[Method of measuring saturated absorption capacity]
First, the diaper 1 is cut in the width direction at a center line CL bisecting the longitudinal direction thereof. Then, the three-dimensional gather and the leg gather are cut and removed. Further, the elastic portion arranged around the waist portion is cut. However, care is taken so that the structure of the absorption layer is not broken or cut. The cut diaper is placed on a wire mesh processed so that it can be taken out of the container horizontally, and the weight of the wire mesh is measured. The diaper is put together with the wire mesh in a container provided with an opening for discharging the solution at the lower part of the side surface in advance, the discharge opening is closed, and 0.9% by weight of physiological saline is injected so that the absorber is completely immersed. At this time, the injection speed is adjusted so that the polymer or the like does not fall off the cut end of the diaper. Leave for 30 minutes after complete immersion. Thereafter, the container is tilted 10 degrees with the discharge opening downward, the discharge opening is opened, and the solution in the container is discharged. The container is left for 30 minutes until the discharge is completed, and then the diaper is taken out of the container together with the wire mesh, and the weight of the wire mesh is measured. The absorption amount of the diaper is calculated from “the weight after the end of the test” − “the weight before the start of the test”, and this value is defined as the saturated absorption amount (g).
[0037]
In the diaper 1 of the present embodiment, each of the side elastic portions 8 has a width in a contracted state (width in a state of being cut out from the diaper and naturally contracted) of 20 mm or more, preferably 20 to 100 mm. The tensile load at the stretching midpoint when the space between the fastening tapes 5 and 5 is stretched in the diaper width direction is 30 to 300 gf. In the measurement of the tensile load, both fastening tapes are gripped, and the distance between the two tapes (between both side edges of the first part) is extended from the width in the natural state to 95% of the maximum extension width, and the tensile load is measured. Is the load value obtained at the midpoint between the maximum extension width and the width in the natural state.
By setting the width of the side elastic portion 8 in the contracted state to 20 mm or more, mounting becomes easy. In particular, it becomes easy to fix the tape to the landing portion when the tape is mounted in the upright position and when the tape is mounted on the back side. In addition, it is possible to follow a change in the abdomen (body circumference) of the wearer and maintain an appropriate tightening force.
By setting the extension stress at the extension midpoint between the fastening tapes to 30 gf or more, it provides an appropriate fit to the waist area, prevents slippage after mounting and prevents the diaper from getting out of shape, and prevents the occurrence of gaps. The effect of suppressing the leakage, preventing leakage from the gap, and preventing clothes and the like from entering the diaper can be obtained. By setting the weight to 300 gf or less, an appropriate tightening force can be provided so that the wearer does not feel cramped when wearing the wearer. In addition, since the expansion and contraction portion can be extended with a certain force, mounting becomes easy. In particular, it becomes easy to fasten the tape portion to the landing portion when the child is mounted in the upright position or when the child who escapes with yes is mounted on the back side.
[0038]
In addition, from the viewpoint of improving the wearability in the standing position and the lying position, particularly in the standing position, the minimum width W4 of the crotch (see FIG. 2) is 100 to 240 mm, particularly 120 to 230 mm, particularly 120 to 220 mm. It is preferable that the maximum width W5 (see FIG. 2) between the left and right leg elastic members 9, 9 is 90 to 230 mm, particularly 100 to 220 mm, particularly 100 to 200 mm. The width W6 (see FIG. 2) between the free ends 63 of the left and right three-dimensional gathers 6 is preferably 100 mm or less, particularly preferably 80 mm or less, because it is easy to insert between the two legs of the wearer and it is easy to pull up the diaper. The width W7 (see FIG. 2) of each solid gather is preferably 25 to 60 mm.
Considering only wearing in a normal sleeping position, narrowing the crotch width at the crotch near the excretion point may cause leakage of excretion, and first, even if the crotch width is somewhat wide, it is easy to wear There is no noticeable effect. Therefore, one would not usually consider narrowing the crotch width. However, the present inventors need a diaper that can be worn while standing and without raising the legs for children who are in a transitional period from yes to walking and who are stuck and want to walk. He found the sex and thought about narrowing the crotch width for ease of wearing. Then, in order to prevent leakage of excrement during wearing, a low-modulus three-dimensional gather was adopted, which succeeded in achieving both ease of mounting in a standing position and difficulty in leakage after standing.
[0039]
Next, the forming material of each part in the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
As a material for forming the top sheet 2, the back sheet 3, the elastic members 61 and the sheet material 62 for forming the three-dimensional gathers, and a landing tape for forming the landing zone 53, various known materials conventionally used for disposable diapers are used. It can be used without particular limitation.
As the absorber 4, those made of a fiber aggregate, those made of a fiber aggregate and a superabsorbent polymer, and the like are used. Examples of the form of the fiber aggregate include nonwoven fabrics and fiber webs produced by various methods. When a superabsorbent polymer is used, the presence mode of the polymer may be dispersed and held in the fiber gap of the fiber assembly, or may be held and sandwiched between a nonwoven fabric or a fiber web made of a fiber material. Is also good. In addition, it is preferable that the fiber aggregate or the absorber composed of the fiber aggregate and the superabsorbent polymer is covered with a soft covering sheet made of a mount or a liquid-permeable nonwoven fabric.
[0040]
The fastening tape 5 may have a fastening portion made of a male member of a mechanical hook-and-loop fastener, or may have an adhesive portion formed by applying an adhesive. However, in the case of an adhesive part, when the diaper is worn in the opposite direction (rear-side mounting) to a child or the like who escapes, it cannot be attached or becomes extremely difficult due to the adhesive part reaching the hands of the parent or caregiver. Although it may be difficult, one having a fastening portion that mechanically engages with the landing zone 53, such as a fastening portion made of a male member of a mechanical hook-and-loop fastener, does not have such a concern. Particularly, it is preferable for mounting on the back side. In that case, the outer surface side of the back sheet 3 may be formed of a material having a high engaging property such as a nonwoven fabric, and a part of the nonwoven fabric or the like may be used as the landing zone 53.
[0041]
Various known elastic members can be used as the waist elastic member 71, the waist elastic member 81, and the leg elastic member 9, respectively. For example, the form of each elastic member is a thread-like one (e.g., thread rubber). Examples of the elastic member include natural rubber and synthetic rubber such as styrene-butadiene, butadiene, isoprene, and neoprene. , EVA, stretchable polyolefin, urethane and the like.
The waist elastic member 71 is preferably a belt-like member having a predetermined width, the waist elastic member 81 is preferably a thread-like member, and the leg elastic member 9 is preferably a flat rubber-like member. Further, it is preferable that, for example, about 3 to 12 thread-like waist portion elastic members 81 are disposed on each side elastic portion 8.
[0042]
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, the low-rigidity region R1 in the above embodiment is formed on both sides in the diaper longitudinal direction in the absorber arrangement region, but may be formed in a mode as shown in FIG. 5 instead. Good. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), it may be formed continuously in the diaper width direction in the central region of the absorber arrangement region, or as shown in FIG. 5 (b). Can also be formed discontinuously. 5 (c), or as shown in FIG. 5 (d), the entire region of the crotch portion where the absorber is provided may be a low rigidity region.
[0043]
Further, in the waist portion E of the first portion B in the above embodiment, the elastic portions (side elastic portions 8, 8) are formed only on both side portions in the diaper longitudinal direction, but also in the center portion in the diaper longitudinal direction. A continuous or discontinuous elastic portion (an elastic portion that elastically expands and contracts in the width direction) with both side elastic portions may be formed.
Further, the leg elastic members 9 may be arranged in an arc shape on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the diaper along respective side edges of the crotch. Furthermore, the shape of each part, the arrangement of each member, and the like can be appropriately changed.
The disposable diaper of the present invention may be a disposable diaper for adults, but is suitable for disposable diapers for infants (baby), particularly infants who do not want to change diapers.
[0044]
【Example】
<Example 1>
A disposable diaper having the form shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 was manufactured.
The manufactured disposable diaper has a crotch width (W4) of a minimum width portion of a crotch portion, a width of an absorber arrangement region (W2), a width of a high rigidity region (W3), a bending rigidity, a width of a low rigidity region ( W3) and bending stiffness, elongation rate of solid gathers in a diaper arrangement state, tensile load increase rate, tensile load in effective elongation rate (elongation rate of three-dimensional gathers in a diaper arrangement—30%), and longitudinal center line CL The ratio of the saturated absorption capacity on both sides (part F / part G) was as shown in Table 1. As elastic members for three-dimensional gathers, two band-like elastic members were adhered and fixed to a nonwoven fabric sheet.
As the absorbent, an absorbent having a hard portion formed at the center in the width direction and flexible portions formed at both ends in the width direction (both sides in the longitudinal direction) by the above-mentioned method (1) was used. About this disposable diaper, the point which is not specifically described was the same as the comparative reference product mentioned later.
[0045]
<Example 2>
Manufacture of a disposable diaper having the same configuration as in Example 1 except that the width (W3) and bending rigidity of the high-rigidity area and the width (W1) and bending rigidity of the low-density area were changed as shown in Table 1. did.
<Examples 3 and 4>
A disposable diaper having the same configuration as that of Example 1 was manufactured except that the entire body was formed using an absorber having a low bending rigidity to form the absorber arrangement region shown in Table 1.
In the diapers of Examples 1, 2, and 3, the tensile load at the predetermined elongation in the width direction of the waist portion E of the first portion B is the same as the tensile load of the waist portion D of the first portion B in the width direction. In addition, the width in the contracted state (width in the diaper width direction) of each side elastic portion is about 40 mm, and the tensile load at the stretching midpoint when the pair of fastening tapes is stretched in the diaper width direction. It was in the range of 30 to 150 gf.
[0046]
<Comparative reference product>
A commercial disposable disposable diaper manufactured by Kao Corporation (trade name: "Merry's (Mole-fit Fit Nobipumi Gather)", M size for infants) was used as a comparative reference product for evaluating the wearability. In the disposable diaper of this comparative reference product, with respect to the disposable diaper, the dimensions of the portion corresponding to each part of the disposable diaper of Example 1 and the stretching characteristics of the three-dimensional gathers are shown in Table 1. In addition, the tensile load at the stretching midpoint when extending between the fastening tapes of the comparative reference product in the diaper width direction was in the range of 30 to 150 gf.
[0047]
<Comparative Example 1>
A disposable diaper having a configuration similar to that of the comparative reference product, except that an absorbent body having a hard portion formed at the center in the width direction and flexible portions formed at both ends in the width direction (both sides in the longitudinal direction) is used. Was manufactured.
<Comparative Example 2>
A diaper having the same configuration as that of the comparative reference product was manufactured except that an absorbent having a hard portion formed in the whole area was used.
<Comparative Example 3>
In Example 3, a disposable diaper having the same configuration as that of Example 3 except that the waist elastic portion was not provided in the waist portion was manufactured.
[0048]
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the elongation rate of the three-dimensional gather and the elongation stress (load) in a non-fixed state of the diaper. 3 is a curve showing the expansion / contraction characteristics of each three-dimensional gather in FIG.
[0049]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004105696
[0050]
1) Evaluation of ease of installation
The disposable diapers of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were evaluated for ease of wearing. The mounting method was such that the first part was positioned on the back of the wearer, and the fastening tape was fixed to the landing zone on the abdomen of the wearer (abdominal mounting).
The disposable diapers of the embodiment, the comparative reference product and the comparative example were given to eleven people who were raising children using the disposable diapers, and the disposable diapers were worn in a sleeping position and an upright position. Was. Then, for each of the case where the subject was worn in the lying position and the case where the subject was worn in the standing position, the superiority of the ease of wearing in comparison with the comparative reference product was scored and evaluated.
First, the wearability of the comparative reference product was evaluated on a scale of 100 points, and then each diaper was also evaluated on a scale of 100 points. The score obtained by subtracting the score of the comparative reference product from the score was used as the score of the diaper's ease of attachment. The total score of ease of wearing for each panelist was taken as the diaper score. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0051]
2) Evaluation of dynamic misalignment (measurement of misalignment)
The disposable diaper was mounted on a movable infant waist model (a model capable of walking with both legs back and forth in a standing position and morphologically imitating the infant's waist) in a standing position. The diaper was mounted such that the waist edge (upper edge) of the diaper was located 70 mm below the upper end of the model (model abdominal circumference 42 cm), and the distance between the tips of the fastening tape was 13 cm.
In this state, a walking movement was performed for 5 minutes at a walking speed of 140 steps / minute, and after the walking movement, the distance at which the position of the waist edge shifted from the original position was measured, and the difference was defined as the amount of slippage.
The wearing method was abdominal wearing, and the amount of slippage of the disposable diapers of Comparative Reference Products, Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 at the time of abdominal wearing was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
In Comparative Example 2, the measurement was stopped because the diaper did not fit well in the crotch part.
[0052]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004105696
[0053]
Further, for each of the comparative reference products, the disposable diapers of Example 4 and Comparative Example 3, except that the mounting method was changed to the back side mounting, the back side was measured in the same manner as the above-described method of measuring the amount of slippage when the abdominal side was mounted. The amount of displacement during mounting was measured. Table 3 shows the results.
[0054]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004105696
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
The disposable diaper of the present invention is easy to wear in both the standing position and the lying position. In addition, the leakage prevention performance after mounting in a standing position is also high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a disposable diaper as one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view showing the disposable diaper of FIG. 1 in a state (tensile state) in which elastic members of each part are stretched and expanded in a plane.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view showing a main part of the disposable diaper of FIG. 1;
4 is a side view showing a state in which the disposable diaper of FIG. 1 is attached to a standing infant with the first part B positioned on the abdominal side (rear wearing).
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a main part of a disposable diaper as another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the elongation rate of the three-dimensional gather and the elongation stress (load) in a diaper non-fixed state.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 disposable diapers
2 Surface sheet
3 Back sheet
4 absorber
5 Fastening tape
6 Solid gather
8 Side elastic part (elastic part)
R1 Low rigidity area (flexible part)
A Inseam
B Part 1 (one part in the longitudinal direction)
C Part 2

Claims (6)

液透過性の表面シート、液不透過性の裏面シート及び両シート間に介在された液保持性の吸収体を備え、長手方向の一方の部位の両側縁部にファスニングテープが設けられており、該一方の部位の胴回り部における両側部に、おむつ幅方向に弾性伸縮するサイド伸縮部が形成されており、おむつ長手方向の両側に立体ギャザーが形成されているおむつであって、
股下部における前記吸収体が配されている領域に、おむつ幅方向の曲げ剛性が25gf/50mm以下の領域を有しており、
前記立体ギャザーは100%以上の伸張率で配されており、該立体ギャザーをおむつ非固定状態で伸張させたとき、おむつ配設状態における伸長率(%)から30%減じた伸長率として定義される実効伸張率における引張荷重が20〜120gfであり、伸長率が20%から該実効伸長率までの間の引張荷重増加率が1.0(gf/%)以下である立位での装着が容易なおむつ。
A liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet and a liquid-retentive absorber interposed between the two sheets are provided, and fastening tapes are provided on both side edges of one portion in the longitudinal direction, On both sides of the waist portion of the one part, side elastic portions that elastically expand and contract in the diaper width direction are formed, and a diaper in which three-dimensional gathers are formed on both sides in the diaper longitudinal direction,
The region where the absorber in the crotch portion is arranged has a region where the bending rigidity in the diaper width direction is 25 gf / 50 mm or less,
The three-dimensional gathers are arranged at an elongation rate of 100% or more. When the three-dimensional gathers are stretched in a diaper non-fixed state, the elongation is defined as an elongation rate reduced by 30% from the elongation rate (%) in the diaper arrangement state. The tensile load at an effective elongation of 20 to 120 gf, and the elongation at an elongation from 20% to the effective elongation is 1.0 (gf /%) or less. Easy diapers.
前記股下部における前記吸収体が配されている領域に、おむつ幅方向の幅が50mm以上で且つおむつ幅方向の曲げ剛性が25gf/50mm超の領域を有している請求項1記載のおむつ。2. The diaper according to claim 1, wherein a region in the crotch portion where the absorber is arranged has a region having a width in the diaper width direction of 50 mm or more and a bending rigidity in the diaper width direction of more than 25 gf / 50 mm. 前記おむつ幅方向の曲げ剛性が25gf/50mm以下の領域は、前記吸収体が配されている領域における、おむつ長手方向の両側部に、それぞれ長手方向に延びるように形成されている請求項1又は2記載のおむつ。The area where the bending rigidity in the diaper width direction is 25 gf / 50 mm or less is formed so as to extend in the longitudinal direction on both sides in the diaper longitudinal direction in the area where the absorber is arranged. The diaper described in 2. 前記各サイド伸縮部は、収縮状態の幅が20mm以上であり、前記ファスニングテープ間の領域を、おむつ幅方向に伸張させたときの伸長中間点における引張荷重が30〜300gfである請求項1〜3の何れか記載のおむつ。The width | variety of the said each side expansion-contraction part is 20 mm or more in a contracted state, and the area | region between the said fastening tapes is 30-300 gf in the tensile load at the expansion middle point when extending in a diaper width direction. 3. The diaper according to any one of 3. 前記股下部の最小幅部分の股間幅が100〜240mmである請求項1〜4何れか記載のおむつ。The diaper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the crotch width of the minimum width portion of the crotch portion is 100 to 240 mm. 前記おむつを長手方向に2等分する中央線の両側の飽和吸収容量の比が45/55〜55/45である請求項1〜5何れか記載のおむつ。The diaper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ratio of the saturated absorption capacity on both sides of a center line that bisects the diaper in the longitudinal direction is 45/55 to 55/45.
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JP2003027632A JP4086674B2 (en) 2002-07-26 2003-02-04 Easy-to-wear diapers
KR1020030049794A KR101010884B1 (en) 2002-07-26 2003-07-21 Disposable diaper easy to put on standing wearer
EP03016541A EP1384460B1 (en) 2002-07-26 2003-07-23 Disposable diaper that is easy to put on a wearer in a standing position
DE60305582T DE60305582T2 (en) 2002-07-26 2003-07-23 In the standing easy-to-wear disposable diaper
CNB031331262A CN1319501C (en) 2002-07-26 2003-07-24 Diaper easy-to-wear when standing
CNU032758960U CN2707224Y (en) 2002-07-26 2003-07-25 Napkins capable of wearing easily in standing posture
US10/626,547 US20040215161A1 (en) 2002-07-26 2003-07-25 Disposable diaper that is easy to put on a wearer in a standing position
TW092120400A TWI246912B (en) 2002-07-26 2003-07-25 Disposable diaper that is easy to put on a wearer in a standing position

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006246999A (en) * 2005-03-09 2006-09-21 Kao Corp Disposable diaper
JP2010228913A (en) * 2009-03-02 2010-10-14 Uni Charm Corp Conveyor apparatus and method of manufacturing absorbent article
US7857797B2 (en) 2004-09-14 2010-12-28 Uni-Charm Corporation Sanitary napkin having a low stiffness region and incisions
JP2022034440A (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-03-03 株式会社リブドゥコーポレーション Disposable diaper

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7857797B2 (en) 2004-09-14 2010-12-28 Uni-Charm Corporation Sanitary napkin having a low stiffness region and incisions
JP2006246999A (en) * 2005-03-09 2006-09-21 Kao Corp Disposable diaper
JP4656971B2 (en) * 2005-03-09 2011-03-23 花王株式会社 Disposable diapers
JP2010228913A (en) * 2009-03-02 2010-10-14 Uni Charm Corp Conveyor apparatus and method of manufacturing absorbent article
US9155664B2 (en) 2009-03-02 2015-10-13 Unicharm Corporation Conveyor apparatus and method of manufacturing absorbent article
JP2022034440A (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-03-03 株式会社リブドゥコーポレーション Disposable diaper
JP7039662B2 (en) 2020-08-18 2022-03-22 株式会社リブドゥコーポレーション Disposable diapers

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