JP2004105044A - Automatic sprinkler - Google Patents

Automatic sprinkler Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004105044A
JP2004105044A JP2002270207A JP2002270207A JP2004105044A JP 2004105044 A JP2004105044 A JP 2004105044A JP 2002270207 A JP2002270207 A JP 2002270207A JP 2002270207 A JP2002270207 A JP 2002270207A JP 2004105044 A JP2004105044 A JP 2004105044A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
water
cylinder
tank
sensor
lid
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JP2002270207A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Iwao Yuasa
湯浅岩雄
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to JP2002270207A priority Critical patent/JP2004105044A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an energy-saving sprinkler needing no labor and time. <P>SOLUTION: The sprinkler functions as follows: amplifying increase and decrease of water content in soil for a desired sensor using a lever to unlock the sprinkler from the lever so that the sprinkler starts such operations as to incline a sprinkling pipe or an opening/closing lid to sprinkle water; sprinkling part of sprinkling water on the sensor to recover the lock so that the sensor rises through sensing the difference in the amount of the sprinkled water after sprinkling so as to shut the lid to be locked to the lever; and thereby the sprinkling part gets back to the starting-up condition. The sprinkler repeats such a cycle of these motions when the sensor detects a predetermined water content. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、草木など植物に水を与える装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
【特許文献1】特許2657765号
【非特許文献1】福井工業高等専門学校主催の第7回マグネットコンテスト入 賞(アイデア賞)作品の自動水やり装置のセンサー
【0003】
水やりは重労働で、面倒なので、自動水やり装置、タイマー、降雨を感知する雨センサーなど給水用電磁弁を開閉させて水をやる装置は市販され、知られているているが長期間で安定的に動作させるには電源がいるという欠点があった。
【0004】
一般用途において、この欠点は日常の維持操作性に関して大きな障害である。具体的には、電源の無いところ、停電では使えない。高価、感電の危険性、接点の劣化など故障の多発、エネルギーの無駄使い、などの問題があった。
【0005】
この改善策として、機械式機構の使用がある。しかしながら機械式は満足のいくものが少ない、の問題があった。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
解決しようとする問題点は、エネルギーの無駄、危険性大で高価で維持管理の煩わしさの点である。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、機械式のてこを使い、土壌の湿分の感知から動作をやる、補給水は雨水も利用出来る、を最も主要な特徴とする。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
機械式で、土壌の湿分の感知から動作をやるという目的と雨水の利用または併用を安価で最小の部品点数で実現した。
【0009】
【実施例】
図1は、本発明装置の1実施例の全体を表した構成図であって、水の放水、貯蔵を可動筒7で行うものである。
地上または半地下、地中に置かれた土壌の湿分の重量を感知するセンサー1の重量が起動用てこのアームの力点2に掛かる。センサー1を地下に格納する場合は土砂が崩れないように、または透水性の容器に収納したほうがよい。そのアームの、自在に回転する支点3の対称側にバランス用重し4を載せる。水が入っている可動筒7を倒れないよう支える保持機構の一つとして、作用点に適度の磁力を持つ永久磁石5を固定し、根本が可とう性であり、放水する可動筒7、パイプ7の対面点に吸引力が働くように永久磁石6を設置、固定する。磁石がくっつく材質のものならその材質ですむ。センサー1の湿分の重量の増減で支点3の両側のモーメントのバランスを崩すようにすれば、湿分が蒸発、減少してくると力点の力は減少し支点3の左側のトルクに負け上昇し作用点も上向きの力を受ける。筒7はストッパー25−1でおえられているので磁石5,6の吸引力にうち勝つよう、さらに上昇すれば磁石5,6は離れ、保持機構は解除され、アームはストッパー25−2の位置で止まる。センサー1の蒸発量が多いほど磁石5には大きい力が働き、確実に動作する。センサー1の動作点は支点3の左右のモーメント比で調整出来る。図ではセンサー1が力点2を引っ張っているが、載せて押してもよい。
【0010】
筒7は自在に回転する支点9の対称側に重し8を持つ。筒7内の水の増減により支点9の右側のモーメントと支点9の左側のモーメントのバランスを崩すようにすれば、筒7は保持機構の解除により磁石5,6の吸引力が無いので、傾倒しながら先端の開放口から放水し、ストッパー25−3の位置で止まり放水し続ける。
以上の条件を満たせば筒7は図以外に鉛直に設置してもよい。保持機構の動作を復旧させるため、筒内の水を、センサー1を筒先の近辺に設置して全部を受けさせて、または筒の中間の周囲一部に貫通穴、放水口26を開けて一部を受けるようにすれば、センサー1は水分を受け、重量を増して下がり、アームはストッパー25−4の位置で止まり、磁石5だけが元の位置に戻る。その流れ出た水を草木等の目的物にやる。筒7の補給水源であるタンクまたは容器13はパイプまたはホース11でつながれ、1回分しか入っていないのでやがて重力落下式で流れ込んだ水は減少または絶たれる。パイプ11と筒7は蛇腹10でつながっているが、曲がり易く、断面が変形しにくいものならなんでもよい。筒7内の水量が減少すれば支点9の右側のモーメントは左側より小さくなるよう設定されているので筒7は起きあがり、復旧し、元に戻り、磁石5にくっつき保持される。ストッパーはストッパー25−4のように衝撃を与えないようにするため周囲に緩衝材を巻いたものでもよい。筒7は傾けて放水、立てて貯水するので構造が簡単で大口径の筒でも容易に製作、対応でき、しかも漏れがない。
蛇腹10など反復運動するものは疲労し易いのでバンド12などで簡単に着脱可能にし交換し易くしてもよい。筒7の断面、外観形状はどんなものでもよい。重し4,8はモーメントを調節出来るよう左右に移動出来るようにしてもよい。降雨でセンサー1を濡らすようにすれば装置は動作せず無駄が無い。一回分の放水量を増減調整するためタンク13内に固形物を出し入れしてタンク内容積を増減してもよい。
【0011】
複数回使用の場合は複数回分の保有水量を持つタンクまたは容器17を設置し、その下部よりタンク13上部に設置された機械式自動給水弁の一つであるボールタップ14に重力落下式で給水する。筒7からの放水量よりボールタップ14からの補給、給水量を大幅に、または適宜少なくすれば筒7への給水量は大幅に減り、筒7は起きあがれ、磁石5とくっつき保持される。筒内に水が貯まる。以上の動作を複数回繰り返せる。またボールタップは水位27−1が下がれば直ぐに給水を始めるので、筒7への給水量をより確実に減らすためにタンク13の内部を一部、部屋16−1に仕切り、その部屋にボールタップ14からの給水を受けるようにし、その部屋下部に上下に一方向のみに開く弁、ふた16とその弁16に浮き球15を設置してもよい。タンク内の水位が設定位置27−2以下なら浮き球15の重さで弁16を押さえるようにすれば、ボールタップ14からの給水は部屋に貯まり筒7に流出しない。ぞの間に筒7は戻ればよい。さらに貯まれば上部よりあふれ、タンク内に貯まり、設定した水位27−2以上になれば浮き球15は水没し、浮力を受け弁16を開く。筒7が傾けば部屋の水も一緒に流出する。またパイプ、ホース11の一部または全部をタンク17の水位の変化による水圧の大小で、断面が変形するようにして、水圧がある値以下、低い時つぶれ断水させ、ある値以上、高い時復元して通水させて、筒7への水の流れをより確実に断続させてもよい。
【0012】
タンク17への水の補給の手段として雨水のような不定量、給水栓の故障の対策として、収納量以上のものを逃すオーバーフロー管19を設けてもよい。屋根の雨水を雨樋で収集し、パイプ18を通して流入させてもよい。また異物を除くフィルター20を設けてもよい。雨水のような天候に左右されるものだけではタンク17内の水量は無くなってしまう恐れがあるので確実な給水源例えば水道水を使用してもよい。雨水などを優先して使う場合はタンク17の下部、タンク17の水位27−3より低位置27−4に水道用ボールタップ21などの自動給水栓を通して補給する。ボールタップが水没している時は補給されない。水量が水位27−4以下になればボールタップ21が開き、水道水が初めて給水され始める。複数の給水源をもつ場合は優先順序の高いものほどタンクの上位置に給水源を設置する。同程度の場合は水平に並べればよい。また衛生上、ボールタップ21が故障し、逆流する恐れがある場合はタンク22を設け、タンク17の水位置27−3より上位置27−5に自動給水栓23を設置、通して給水する。また各タンクには衛生、安全上、蓋24設けてもよい。また確実に給排水出来るよう通気口の設置が望ましい。筒7はタンク13とつながり連通して、水位27−6はタンク13の水位27−1と同じなので筒7から溢れないよう筒7の長さを設定する。また筒7の先端の開放口には外部から異物が入らないよう、水圧で開く開閉蓋を設置してもよい。
【0013】
図2は図1の磁石5,6の代わりに引っかけ金具29,30を使用するものであり、また動作確認、風情のため、鹿脅しのように打撃を受けて音のでるベル31、または筒7の周囲に音を発する鳴動材32例えば金属を機械的打撃を受ける部位に設定したものである。
【0014】
図3は筒7とパイプ11とのフレキシブルな接続装置の一つで、パイプ11の円形の端部34と筒7の円形の端部35の接触部33から漏水しないよう、密着、滑らせて接続し、筒7とパイプ11との角度を変えるものである。内部からスプリングでひっぱて密着してもよいし、端部35の中心にあるスプリング受け36に圧縮スプリングで力を加え密着してもよい。
【0015】
図4は引っかけ金具29,30の動作と筒7の多種の配置の一つを説明したものである。アームの作用点に突き出した支持台、板37を設け、その中間に開閉蓋30の支点を設け一方向のみ開くようにし、筒7に設定されたもう一方の金具29が上がって来たとき、ストッパー25−1に届く前にその左側にある蓋30を押し開き、自重で蓋30を金具29の右側に移動させる。開閉蓋30は筒7内が水で充満されて傾こうとしても支持板37の先端に当たって動けず、その蓋30に引っかかっている金具29も動けず、筒7は傾けない。センサー1が働けば蓋30は上昇し金具29から外れ、筒7は傾倒する。より確実に蓋30を動作させるようバネ30−1で蓋30を支持板37に押さえつけてもよい。
筒7は支点9をずらして実線のように鉛直90度、点線のように90度以上にも配置してもよい。
【0016】
図5は装置が重し4,8以外でスムーズに動作するようにバランスをとるものを設置したものである。当然共用してもよい。支点3、9に取り付けた渦巻きバネ38−1,38−2、支点3の左側アーム上部のバネ39−1、下部の40−1、右側下部の39−2、上部の40−2、重し41−1、支点9の左側上部のバネ39−4,下部40−4、右側上部の40−3,下部の39−3、重し41−2。このうちバネはセンサー1の軽重により引っ張りまたは圧縮バネを選ぶ。また渦巻きバネの渦巻き方向左、右を選択する。
【0017】
図6は水の放出を図1の筒を傾けるのではなく、固定筒48の先端の開放口に開閉蓋42を設置して開閉するものであり、固定筒の大口径化に容易に対応できる。
図1以外の方法の一つで、支点3の位置のアーム部分に歯車43を固定し、作用点に磁石5を回転するための歯車45を設置し、歯車間をチェーン44で繋ぎ、あるいは歯車同士を噛み合わせて、センサー1によるアームの動きで磁石を180度、半回転させるものである。蓋42に設置された磁石46との間の力は半回転させることにより吸引力から反発力に変わり確実に蓋は離れる。固定筒48内に水が充満していればその水圧で蓋42は開き、放水を開始し、継続する。少量または断水すれば蓋は閉まり、磁石45,46でロックされる。またより確実に蓋を開くため蓋の断面をU字型にし下部を閉止、上部を開放にしてもよい。水の圧力を受け続け、蓋は開放し続ける。固定筒48と開閉蓋42をより密着させるため防水性を有する弾性材47を固定筒48、蓋42の一方、または両方に設置してもよい。また固定筒48とタンク13をつなぐパイプ、ホース11の一部または全部をタンク17の水位の変化による水圧の大小で、断面が変形するようにして、水圧がある値以下、低い時つぶれ断水させ、ある値以上、高い時復元して通水させて、筒7への水の流れをより確実に断続させてもよい。
【0018】
図7は4個の自由に回転する節点50で平行四辺形を作り、そのうちの一辺に蓋49を設定し、固定筒48の出口に設置し、水圧を受けて開放するものであり、これも大口径に容易に対応できる。またより確実に蓋を開放保持のため蓋と同じ辺でもよいが、隣の辺50に断面がU字型で左部を閉止、右部を開放にして放水を受ける受け皿51を設けてもよい。水の圧力を受け続け、蓋は開放し続ける。また支点9にある節点の位置は蓋49より下げることにより、蓋はより大きく開放される。固定筒11と開閉蓋49をより密着させるため防水性を有する弾性材を一方、または両方に設置してもよい。また固定筒48とタンク13をつなぐパイプ、ホース11の一部または全部をタンク17の水位の変化による水圧の大小で、断面が変形するようにして、水圧がある値以下、低い時つぶれ断水させ、ある値以上、高い時復元して通水させて、筒7への水の流れをより確実に断続させてもよい。
【0019】
図8は土壌の水分を保持、発散、蒸発させるセンサー1の容器の一例である。網目のもの52,貫通穴を持つもの53,通気、透水性の布54を単独に、または組み合わせて容器の一部または全部に使用する。容器の中には土壌、適度に保水性を有する物質、例えばスポンジなどを入れる。空気との接触面積を調整するため容器の表面積は任意に設定すればよい。実際の土壌の蒸発に合わせたのが望ましい。また重量を増減するため複数の容器を並べてもよい。また容器の表面は曲面でもよい。容器の形状は渦巻き状、同心円状、折れ曲がった波形でもよい。保水性を有し、強度を持った有形状のものなら直に吊してもよい。
【0020】
図9は水やり装置とセンサー1を離したものである。センサー1への給水は筒7からの放水をホース、パイプなどで導水して行う。アウターワイヤー55を設置し、その中にインナーワイヤー56を入れ、センサー1の重量をそのインナーワイヤーに伝え、力点2に伝えるものである。またセンサー1の重量を伝えるワイヤー57を滑車58で方向を変えて使用してもよい。またワイヤーに伝える力を調節出来るよう、支点60を持つ穴の空いたてこ59を使用し、その穴にワイヤー、センサー1を引っかけて力点、作用点を変えてもよい。
【0021】
図10は、本装置は機械的可動部分があるので外部からの異物の進入があると動作しにくい。また手などの挿入の危険性、強風による誤動作の恐れがあるので、装置をカバー61で一部または全部を覆ったものである。カバー61は貫通穴のないもの、またはあっても指が入らないものが望ましい。センサー1には、台68を付けて浮かしたり、貫通穴の空いたカバーで適度な通風力があるのが望ましい。筒7からの放水は上部が開放された大きめの受け皿62に注がれ、一部は貫通穴67からセンサー1に給水され、上半分が開放された側溝または全部覆われたパイプ63に入り、草木などに導水される。そのパイプの周囲一部に放水口64を設けてもよい。装置の上面を覆った場合雨水を感知しにくいので、漏斗65を外部に設け雨水を受け、パイプ66でセンサー1に導水してもよい。またカバーは点検、保守のため着脱可能にしたものが望ましい。寒冷地では凍らないように必要な箇所、部位に保温材を設置してもよい。
【0022】
以上に使われる材質は水を扱うので腐食しにくい、堅牢なもの、例えばプラスチック、ステンレスなどが望ましい。また動き擦れる部分は長期間摩耗、摩擦が少なく劣化しにくいものが望ましい。擦れる部位にはグリースなど油脂類を塗布してもよい。
一部電気を使用してもよいなら、電気的に土壌の水分を抵抗値として検出または重さの変化として検出し、その設定された値で、図1の永久磁石5の代わりに設置された電磁石のスイッチを図1の手順で、OFF、ONの操作をして筒7を開放、保持してもよい。機械式自動開閉弁の代わりに電気式水位開閉器を使用した弁を使用してもよい。
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明は、構造がシンプルで電気エネルギーを使わないので、長期間使用出来、経済的。また水道水以外に雨水なども使用出来、経済的。しかも水道水など複数の水と一緒に使用した場合、使用の優先順位がつけられる。雨降りの時は動作しないので無駄がない。鹿脅しの音響を発生出来る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本装置を組み合わせた構成図
【図2】可動筒の説明図
【図3】フレキシブル接続装置
【図4】可動扉の動作説明図
【図5】バランサーの取り付け図
【図6】固定筒を使用した説明図
【図7】固定筒を使用した説明図
【図8】センサーの構成図
【図9】センサーの遠隔操作を説明した図
【図10】カバーを付けた装置の説明図
【符号の説明】
1  センサー
2  力点
3  支点
4  重し
5  磁石
6  磁石
7  可動筒
8  重し
9  支点
10 蛇腹
11 パイプまたはホース
12 バンド
13 タンクまたは容器
14 ボールタップ
15 ボールタップ
16 扉
17 容器
18 パイプ
19 溢水管
20 フィルター
21 ボールタップ
22 容器、タンク
23 ボールタップ
24 蓋
25−1〜25−4 ストッパー
26 貫通穴
27−1〜27−5 水位
28 草木
29 引っかけ金具
30 引っかけ金具
30−1 バネ
31 ベル
32 鳴動材
33 滑り面
34 接続部
35 接続部
36 突起
37 支持板
38−1〜38−2 渦巻きバネ
39−1〜39−4 バネ
40−1〜40−4 バネ
41−1〜41−2 重し
42 受け皿
43 歯車
44 チェーン
45 歯車
46 磁石
47 弾性材
48 固定筒
49 開閉蓋
50 辺
51 受け皿
52 網
53 貫通穴
54 布
55 アウターワイヤー
56 インナーワイヤー
57 ワイヤー
58 滑車
59 てこのアーム
60 支点
61 カバー材
62 受け皿
63 導水路
64 貫通穴
65 漏斗
66 導水パイプ
67 貫通穴
68 台
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for watering plants such as plants.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Patent Literature 1] Patent No. 2657765 [Non-Patent Literature 1] Sensor of automatic watering device for the 7th Magnet Contest Winner (Idea Award) work sponsored by Fukui National College of Technology [0003]
Watering is hard work and troublesome, so devices that open and close water supply solenoid valves for watering, such as automatic watering devices, timers, and rain sensors that sense rainfall, are commercially available and are known but stable over a long period of time. There was a drawback that there was a power supply to make it work properly.
[0004]
In general use, this drawback is a major obstacle to routine maintenance. Specifically, it cannot be used in places where there is no power supply or in case of power failure. There were problems such as high cost, risk of electric shock, frequent occurrence of failures such as deterioration of contacts, and wasted energy.
[0005]
A remedy is the use of mechanical mechanisms. However, there was a problem that there were few satisfactory mechanical types.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problems to be solved are waste of energy, high risk, high cost, and troublesome maintenance.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The main features of the present invention are that a mechanical lever is used to operate from the sensing of soil moisture, and that makeup water can also use rainwater.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
It is a mechanical type that realizes the purpose of operating from the detection of soil moisture and the use or combination of rainwater with low cost and minimum number of parts.
[0009]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an entire embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, in which water is discharged and stored in a movable cylinder 7.
The weight of the sensor 1, which senses the weight of the moisture in the ground placed above or below the ground, or underground, is applied to the power point 2 of this arm for activation. When storing the sensor 1 underground, it is better to store the sensor 1 in a permeable container so that the soil does not collapse. A balance weight 4 is placed on the symmetrical side of the freely rotating fulcrum 3 of the arm. As one of the holding mechanisms for supporting the movable cylinder 7 containing water so as not to fall down, the permanent magnet 5 having an appropriate magnetic force is fixed at the point of action, the root is flexible, and the movable cylinder 7 that discharges water, a pipe The permanent magnet 6 is installed and fixed so that an attractive force acts on the facing point of 7. If the magnet sticks to the material, that material is sufficient. If the balance of the moment on both sides of the fulcrum 3 is disturbed by increasing or decreasing the weight of the moisture of the sensor 1, when the moisture evaporates or decreases, the force of the power point decreases and the torque on the left side of the fulcrum 3 is lost and increased. The point of action also receives an upward force. Since the cylinder 7 is covered by the stopper 25-1, the magnets 5 and 6 are separated when the cylinder 7 is further raised so as to overcome the attractive force of the magnets 5 and 6, the holding mechanism is released, and the arm is moved to the position of the stopper 25-2. Stop at. As the amount of evaporation of the sensor 1 increases, a greater force acts on the magnet 5 and the magnet 5 operates more reliably. The operating point of the sensor 1 can be adjusted by the right and left moment ratio of the fulcrum 3. Although the sensor 1 is pulling the power point 2 in the figure, it may be put on and pushed.
[0010]
The cylinder 7 has a weight 8 on the symmetrical side of a fulcrum 9 which rotates freely. If the balance between the moment on the right side of the fulcrum 9 and the moment on the left side of the fulcrum 9 is lost by increasing or decreasing the water in the cylinder 7, the cylinder 7 does not have the attraction force of the magnets 5 and 6 due to the release of the holding mechanism. Water is discharged from the opening at the tip while stopping at the position of the stopper 25-3 to continuously discharge water.
If the above conditions are satisfied, the cylinder 7 may be installed vertically other than in the figure. In order to restore the operation of the holding mechanism, the water in the cylinder is received by installing the sensor 1 near the tip of the cylinder and receiving the whole water, or by opening a through hole and a water discharge port 26 in a part around the middle of the cylinder. When the sensor 1 is received, the sensor 1 receives moisture, increases its weight, and the arm stops at the position of the stopper 25-4, and only the magnet 5 returns to the original position. The water that has flowed out is given to a target object such as plants. The tank or container 13 serving as a supply water source for the cylinder 7 is connected by a pipe or a hose 11 and contains only one portion, so that the water that has flowed in a gravity-drop manner is eventually reduced or cut off. Although the pipe 11 and the cylinder 7 are connected by the bellows 10, any pipe may be used as long as it is easy to bend and the cross section is not easily deformed. Since the moment on the right side of the fulcrum 9 is set to be smaller than that on the left side when the amount of water in the cylinder 7 decreases, the cylinder 7 rises, recovers, returns to its original position, and is held by the magnet 5. The stopper may be formed by wrapping a cushioning material around the stopper so as not to give an impact like the stopper 25-4. Since the cylinder 7 is tilted to discharge water and stand vertically to store water, it has a simple structure and can be easily manufactured and adapted to a large-diameter cylinder without leakage.
Since a repetitive exercise such as the bellows 10 is easily fatigued, it may be easily detachable with the band 12 or the like to facilitate replacement. The cross section and appearance of the cylinder 7 may be any. The weights 4, 8 may be movable left and right so that the moment can be adjusted. If the sensor 1 is wetted by rain, the device does not operate and there is no waste. In order to increase or decrease the amount of water discharged for one time, a solid substance may be taken in and out of the tank 13 to increase or decrease the volume in the tank.
[0011]
In the case of multiple use, a tank or container 17 having a water holding amount for a plurality of times is installed, and water is supplied from a lower portion to a ball tap 14 which is one of mechanical automatic water supply valves installed on an upper portion of the tank 13 by a gravity drop method. . If the amount of water supplied from the ball tap 14 and the amount of water supplied from the ball tap 14 are made larger or smaller as appropriate than the amount of water discharged from the tube 7, the amount of water supplied to the tube 7 is greatly reduced, and the tube 7 rises up and is held together with the magnet 5. Water accumulates in the cylinder. The above operation can be repeated a plurality of times. In addition, since the ball tap starts water supply as soon as the water level 27-1 drops, the inside of the tank 13 is partly partitioned into a room 16-1 to reduce the amount of water supplied to the cylinder 7 more reliably. , A valve 16 that opens only in one direction up and down, a lid 16 and a floating ball 15 may be installed on the valve 16 at the lower part of the room. If the water level in the tank is equal to or lower than the set position 27-2, if the valve 16 is pressed by the weight of the floating ball 15, the water supply from the ball tap 14 will be stored in the room and will not flow out to the cylinder 7. The cylinder 7 may be returned between the slots. When the water further accumulates, it overflows from the upper portion and accumulates in the tank. When the water level becomes equal to or higher than the set water level 27-2, the floating ball 15 is submerged and receives buoyancy to open the valve 16. If the cylinder 7 is tilted, the water in the room flows out together. Also, a part or the whole of the pipe or hose 11 is deformed according to the magnitude of the water pressure due to a change in the water level of the tank 17 so that the cross section is deformed. Then, the flow of water to the cylinder 7 may be interrupted more reliably.
[0012]
As a means for replenishing the tank 17 with water, an overflow pipe 19 for escaping more than the storage amount may be provided as a measure against irregularities such as rainwater and failure of the water tap. Rainwater from the roof may be collected by gutters and flowed through pipe 18. Further, a filter 20 for removing foreign matter may be provided. If there is a possibility that the amount of water in the tank 17 may be lost only by rainwater, which depends on the weather, a reliable water supply source such as tap water may be used. When rainwater or the like is used preferentially, the water is supplied to the lower part of the tank 17 at a position 27-4 lower than the water level 27-3 of the tank 17 through an automatic water tap such as a tap tap 21 for water supply. It is not replenished when the ball tap is submerged. When the water level falls below the water level 27-4, the ball tap 21 opens, and tap water starts to be supplied for the first time. If there are multiple water sources, the water source with higher priority should be installed at the top of the tank. In the case of the same level, they may be arranged horizontally. If there is a risk that the ball tap 21 may break down and flow backward for sanitation, a tank 22 is provided, and an automatic water tap 23 is installed at a position 27-5 above the water position 27-3 of the tank 17 to supply water. Each tank may be provided with a lid 24 for hygiene and safety reasons. In addition, it is desirable to install vents so that water can be reliably supplied and drained. The cylinder 7 is connected to and communicates with the tank 13, and since the water level 27-6 is the same as the water level 27-1 of the tank 13, the length of the cylinder 7 is set so as not to overflow from the cylinder 7. In addition, an opening / closing lid that opens with water pressure may be installed in the opening at the end of the cylinder 7 so that foreign matter does not enter from outside.
[0013]
FIG. 2 shows a case where hooks 29, 30 are used in place of the magnets 5, 6 shown in FIG. A sounding material 32 that emits a sound around 7, for example, a metal is set at a portion to be mechanically hit.
[0014]
FIG. 3 shows one of the flexible connecting devices for connecting the pipe 7 to the pipe 11 by tightly contacting and sliding so that water does not leak from the contact portion 33 between the circular end 34 of the pipe 11 and the circular end 35 of the pipe 7. The connection is made, and the angle between the cylinder 7 and the pipe 11 is changed. The spring may be adhered from inside by a spring, or a spring may be applied to the spring receiver 36 at the center of the end 35 by a compression spring.
[0015]
FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of the hook fittings 29 and 30 and one of various arrangements of the cylinder 7. A support base and a plate 37 protruding from the point of action of the arm are provided, and a fulcrum of the opening / closing lid 30 is provided in the middle thereof so as to open only in one direction. When the other metal fitting 29 set on the cylinder 7 comes up, Before reaching the stopper 25-1, the lid 30 on the left side thereof is pushed open, and the lid 30 is moved to the right side of the metal fitting 29 by its own weight. Even if the opening / closing lid 30 is tilted because the inside of the cylinder 7 is filled with water, it does not move because it hits the tip of the support plate 37, and the metal fitting 29 hooked on the lid 30 does not move, and the cylinder 7 does not tilt. When the sensor 1 operates, the lid 30 is raised and detached from the metal fitting 29, and the cylinder 7 is tilted. The lid 30 may be pressed against the support plate 37 by a spring 30-1 so as to operate the lid 30 more reliably.
The cylinder 7 may be shifted 90 degrees from the fulcrum 9 as shown by a solid line, and may be arranged at 90 degrees or more as shown by a dotted line.
[0016]
FIG. 5 shows an arrangement in which the apparatus is balanced so that the apparatus operates smoothly with weights other than 4 and 8. Of course, they may be shared. Spiral springs 38-1 and 38-2 attached to fulcrums 3, 9; spring 39-1 on the left arm upper part of fulcrum 3, lower part 40-1, lower right part 39-2, upper part 40-2, weight 41-1, spring 39-4 and lower part 40-4 on the upper left side of fulcrum 9, 40-3 on the upper right side, 39-3 on the lower side, and weight 41-2. The spring is selected from tension or compression springs depending on the weight of the sensor 1. In addition, the spiral direction left and right of the spiral spring are selected.
[0017]
In FIG. 6, the water is not released by tilting the cylinder of FIG. 1, but by opening and closing the open / close lid 42 at the open end at the tip of the fixed cylinder 48, which can easily cope with an increase in the diameter of the fixed cylinder. .
In one of the methods other than FIG. 1, a gear 43 is fixed to the arm portion at the position of the fulcrum 3, a gear 45 for rotating the magnet 5 is installed at the application point, and the gears are connected by a chain 44, or The magnets are engaged with each other, and the magnet is rotated by 180 degrees by half the rotation of the arm by the sensor 1. The force between the magnet and the magnet 46 provided on the lid 42 is changed by a half turn to the repulsive force from the attractive force, so that the lid is securely separated. If the fixed cylinder 48 is full of water, the lid 42 is opened by the water pressure to start water discharge and continue. When a small amount or water is cut off, the lid closes and is locked by the magnets 45 and 46. In order to open the lid more securely, the cross section of the lid may be U-shaped, the lower part may be closed, and the upper part may be opened. The lid continues to open under the pressure of water. An elastic material 47 having a waterproof property may be provided on one or both of the fixed cylinder 48 and the lid 42 in order to make the fixed cylinder 48 and the opening / closing lid 42 more closely contact each other. Also, a part or all of the pipe and the hose 11 connecting the fixed cylinder 48 and the tank 13 are deformed in accordance with the water pressure due to the change in the water level of the tank 17 so that the cross section is deformed. Alternatively, when the value is higher than a certain value, the water may be restored and water may be passed to more reliably interrupt the flow of water to the cylinder 7.
[0018]
FIG. 7 shows a case where a parallelogram is formed by four freely rotating nodes 50, a lid 49 is set on one side thereof, installed at the outlet of the fixed cylinder 48, and opened by receiving water pressure. Can easily handle large diameters. Further, the lid may be on the same side as the lid for more securely holding the lid open, but a tray 51 having a U-shaped cross section with the left part closed and the right part opened to receive water discharge may be provided on the adjacent side 50. . The lid continues to open under the pressure of water. By lowering the position of the node at the fulcrum 9 below the lid 49, the lid is opened more greatly. In order to make the fixed cylinder 11 and the opening / closing lid 49 more closely contact each other, a waterproof elastic material may be provided on one or both of them. Also, a part or all of the pipe and the hose 11 connecting the fixed cylinder 48 and the tank 13 are deformed in accordance with the water pressure due to the change in the water level of the tank 17 so that the cross section is deformed. Alternatively, when the value is higher than a certain value, the water may be restored and water may be passed to more reliably interrupt the flow of water to the cylinder 7.
[0019]
FIG. 8 is an example of a container of the sensor 1 for holding, diverging and evaporating the moisture of the soil. The mesh 52, the through-hole 53, and the air-permeable and water-permeable cloth 54 are used alone or in combination for part or all of the container. The container is filled with soil, a substance having a moderate water retention property, such as sponge. The surface area of the container may be arbitrarily set to adjust the contact area with air. It is desirable to match the actual evaporation of the soil. A plurality of containers may be arranged to increase or decrease the weight. The surface of the container may be a curved surface. The shape of the container may be a spiral, concentric, or bent waveform. If it has a water retaining property and a strong shape, it may be suspended directly.
[0020]
FIG. 9 shows the watering device and the sensor 1 separated. Water is supplied to the sensor 1 by discharging water from the cylinder 7 with a hose, a pipe, or the like. The outer wire 55 is installed, the inner wire 56 is inserted therein, and the weight of the sensor 1 is transmitted to the inner wire and transmitted to the power point 2. Further, a wire 57 for transmitting the weight of the sensor 1 may be used by changing its direction with a pulley 58. In order to adjust the force transmitted to the wire, a lever 59 having a hole having a fulcrum 60 may be used, and the wire and the sensor 1 may be hooked on the hole to change the point of force and the point of action.
[0021]
FIG. 10 shows that the present apparatus has a mechanically movable part, and thus is difficult to operate when foreign matter enters from outside. The apparatus is partially or wholly covered with a cover 61 because there is a risk of insertion of a hand or the like and a malfunction due to strong wind. The cover 61 desirably has no through-hole, or does not allow a finger to enter even if present. It is desirable that the sensor 1 be floated with the base 68 attached thereto or that a cover having perforated holes have a suitable amount of wind. The water discharged from the cylinder 7 is poured into a large receiving tray 62 having an open upper part, a part of which is supplied to the sensor 1 through a through hole 67, and enters a side groove or an entirely covered pipe 63 having an upper half opened. Water is guided by plants and trees. A water outlet 64 may be provided in a part around the pipe. When the upper surface of the apparatus is covered, it is difficult to detect rainwater. Therefore, a funnel 65 may be provided outside to receive the rainwater and guided to the sensor 1 by a pipe 66. It is desirable that the cover be detachable for inspection and maintenance. A heat insulating material may be installed at a necessary place or site so as not to freeze in a cold region.
[0022]
It is desirable that the material used above is a robust material, such as plastic or stainless steel, which is resistant to corrosion because it handles water. Further, it is desirable that the portion that moves and rubs has little wear and friction for a long time and is hardly deteriorated. Oils and fats such as grease may be applied to the rubbed parts.
If part of electricity may be used, the moisture of the soil is electrically detected as a resistance value or a change in weight, and the set value is used instead of the permanent magnet 5 in FIG. The cylinder 7 may be opened and held by operating the electromagnet switch OFF and ON according to the procedure shown in FIG. A valve using an electric water level switch may be used instead of the mechanical automatic on-off valve.
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention has a simple structure and does not use electric energy, so that it can be used for a long time and is economical. In addition to tap water, rainwater can be used, making it economical. In addition, when used together with a plurality of waters such as tap water, the use is prioritized. It does not work when it rains, so there is no waste. Can generate the sound of a deer threat.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a combination of this device. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a movable cylinder. FIG. 3 is a diagram of an operation of a movable door. FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram using a fixed cylinder. FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a sensor. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating remote operation of the sensor. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a device with a cover. Explanation of reference numerals]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sensor 2 Power point 3 Support point 4 Weight 5 Magnet 6 Magnet 7 Movable cylinder 8 Weight 9 Support point 10 Bellows 11 Pipe or hose 12 Band 13 Tank or container 14 Ball tap 15 Ball tap 16 Door 17 Container 18 Pipe 19 Flood pipe 20 Filter 21 Ball tap Reference Signs List 22 Container, tank 23 Ball tap 24 Lid 25-1 to 25-4 Stopper 26 Through hole 27-1 to 27-5 Water level 28 Plant 29 Hook metal fitting 30 Hook metal fitting 30-1 Spring 31 Bell 32 Sound material 33 Slip surface 34 Connection part 35 Connecting part 36 Projection 37 Support plate 38-1 to 38-2 Spiral spring 39-1 to 39-4 Spring 40-1 to 40-4 Spring 41-1 to 41-2 Weight 42 Receiving tray 43 Gear 44 Chain 45 Gear 46 Magnet 47 Elastic material 48 Fixed cylinder 49 Opening / closing lid 50 Side 51 Receiving tray 52 Net 3 through holes 54 cloth 55 outer wire 56 the arm 60 fulcrum 61 cover member 62 receiving tray 63 water conduit 64 through hole 65 funnel 66 water introduction pipe 67 through hole 68 units Te inner wire 57 wire 58 pulley 59

Claims (5)

土壌の水分の重さで、保持機構を開放して水を含んだ筒の傾倒を起動させて放水を開始させ、筒内の水量の減少で筒を起きあがらせ、保持機能を動作させて給水を停止するを特徴とする自動水やり装置。With the weight of the soil water, the holding mechanism is opened and the tilting of the cylinder containing water is activated to start water discharge, the cylinder is raised when the amount of water in the cylinder is reduced, and the holding function is activated to supply water. Automatic watering device characterized by stopping. 1回分の水やり水量と、放水量より少量の補給水量を持ち、請求項1の筒に給水するタンク。2. A tank for supplying water to the cylinder according to claim 1, having a watering amount for one time and a replenishing water amount smaller than a water discharge amount. 請求項2のタンクの複数回分の水量を一つまたは複数の外部から受け、貯め、複数の場合はその外部からの補給水弁を使用優先順序から高いものほどタンクの上位置に取り付け、請求項2のタンクに給水するタンクを持った自動水やり装置。Claims 2 and 3 receive and store a plurality of times of water from the outside from one or more tanks, and in the case of a plurality of tanks, a water supply valve from the outside is attached to a higher position of the tank as the water supply valve is higher in use priority order. An automatic watering device with a tank that supplies water to the second tank. 土壌の水分の重さで、保持機構を開放して水を含んだ筒の開放口の開閉蓋の開放を起動させて放水を開始し、筒内の水量の減少で蓋を閉じ、保持機能を動作させて、給水を停止するを特徴とする自動水やり装置。With the weight of the soil water, the holding mechanism is opened and the opening of the open / close lid of the cylinder containing water is started to open and the water discharge is started. An automatic watering device characterized by operating and stopping water supply. 鹿脅しの機能を持った請求項1の自動水やり装置。2. The automatic watering apparatus according to claim 1, which has a deer threatening function.
JP2002270207A 2002-09-17 2002-09-17 Automatic sprinkler Pending JP2004105044A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002270207A JP2004105044A (en) 2002-09-17 2002-09-17 Automatic sprinkler

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002270207A JP2004105044A (en) 2002-09-17 2002-09-17 Automatic sprinkler

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Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004105044A true JP2004105044A (en) 2004-04-08

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110338042A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-10-18 陈建霞 A kind of Water saving type watering arrangement
JP2021052732A (en) * 2019-09-28 2021-04-08 朱暁鳳 Automatic irrigation apparatus for preset time and preset amount
CN114375815A (en) * 2022-01-26 2022-04-22 刘铧 Water-saving irrigation device for agricultural and forestry crops

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110338042A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-10-18 陈建霞 A kind of Water saving type watering arrangement
CN110338042B (en) * 2019-08-23 2021-06-15 河北绿多多农业科技开发有限公司 Water-saving irrigation device
JP2021052732A (en) * 2019-09-28 2021-04-08 朱暁鳳 Automatic irrigation apparatus for preset time and preset amount
CN114375815A (en) * 2022-01-26 2022-04-22 刘铧 Water-saving irrigation device for agricultural and forestry crops

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