JP2004097168A - Eggshell quality-improving additive and poultry feed - Google Patents
Eggshell quality-improving additive and poultry feed Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004097168A JP2004097168A JP2002267612A JP2002267612A JP2004097168A JP 2004097168 A JP2004097168 A JP 2004097168A JP 2002267612 A JP2002267612 A JP 2002267612A JP 2002267612 A JP2002267612 A JP 2002267612A JP 2004097168 A JP2004097168 A JP 2004097168A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、コーラルサンドからなる卵殻質改善用添加剤及びそれを配合した養鶏飼料に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
鶏卵事業では、健康な鶏を育て、産卵性を上げること、消費者が安心して食することのできる安全な卵を供給すること、卵殻質を向上させ、破損卵を少なくして経済性を高めることが重要となる。そのため、鶏卵農家では、飼料、飲水、農場環境の整備等を改善している。
【０００３】
また、ブロイラー等の食肉用鶏の養鶏事業においても、雛を育て、養鶏事業を継続する上で、種鶏に丈夫な卵を産卵させることは重要であり、卵殻質を向上させることが望まれている。
【０００４】
卵殻質を向上させるため、飼料に添加剤として、カルシウム、リン、マグネシウム、亜鉛、マンガン、カリウム、ビタミン類等を配合することが知られている。このうちカルシウムは特に重要であり、試料中にカルシウム源として約８％の炭酸カルシウムを配合したものが市販されている。この他、カルシウム源としては、カキ殻、牛骨粉、琉球石灰岩（サンゴ礁が陸上に隆起して形成された陸上のサンゴ化石。山サンゴとも称される。）等が使用されている。また、ケールを添加する方法（特許文献１：特開２００２−３４４６５）、トレハロースを添加する方法（特許文献２：特開２００１−９５４９９）等も提案されている。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】特開２００２−３４４６５号公報
【特許文献２】特開２００１−９５４９９号公報
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、卵殻質を未だ十分に向上させることはできず、農場、鶏卵処理場、店頭での合計の破卵率は約１０％にもなり、大きな経済的損失をきたしている。
【０００７】
そこで、本発明は、卵殻質の効果的な改善用添加剤及びそれを含む養鶏飼料を提供することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、コーラルサンドを養鶏飼料に添加すると、卵殻質が画期的に改善されること、したがって、コーラルサンドは卵殻質の改善用添加剤として有用であることを見出した。
【０００９】
即ち、本発明は、海洋から採取したコーラルサンドからなる卵殻質改善用添加剤を提供する。
【００１０】
また、本発明は、海洋から採取したコーラルサンドを含有する養鶏飼料を提供する。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の卵殻質改善用添加剤は、コーラルサンドからなる。
【００１２】
コーラルサンドとは、サンゴ及びサンゴ礁生物の遺骸が風化により破砕片あるいは細粒となり、海底に堆積したものをいい、サンゴ礁が隆起してできた琉球石灰岩（山サンゴ）とは、共にサンゴ礁生物群の遺骸という同一の起源をもってはいるが、生成過程、結晶構造及び成分が異なる。即ち、琉球石灰岩は、陸上で雨等に晒されることにより、サンゴ礁生息時の結晶構造が失われ、カルサイトとなり、多孔質性がなく、塊状であり、マグネシウム等のミネラル成分が著しく消失しているのに対し、コーラルサンドは、結晶構造がサンゴ礁生息時のアラゴナイトであり、多孔性やサンゴに由来するミネラル成分も保持している。なお、コーラルサンドは、海辺でも採取することはできるが、自然保護の観点から好ましくないので、本発明においては、海洋で採取したものを使用する。
【００１３】
本発明で使用するコーラルサンドとしては、海底から採取後、洗浄、乾燥（２００℃以下）、異物除去、粒度調整、加熱殺菌、篩い分け（粒度２．２ｍｍ以下）したものが好ましい。海辺で採取したサンゴ粒をそのまま用いることは、塩分濃度が高いこと、人的接触度が高く、細菌や汚物に汚染されている場合があること、また、ガラスやプラスチック等の異物混入のおそれがあること等により好ましくない。
【００１４】
また、本発明の卵殻質改善用添加剤には、コーラルサンドの他、カゼインフォスフォペプタイド（ＣＰＰ）、ビタミンＤ３ 等を添加し、カルシウムやリンの吸収を高めてもよい。
【００１５】
本発明の卵殻質改善用添加剤は、鶏に直接投与するか、あるいは通常の養鶏飼料に添加して用いることにより、これまでの卵殻質改善用添加剤には見られない、画期的な卵殻強度の向上効果を発揮する。この理由としては、コーラルサンドは単なるカルシウム補給剤ではないこと、即ち、コーラルサンドには、サンゴという生物体に由来する、カルシウムをはじめとする２３種のミネラルが含まれており、この中の１３種は鶏が必要とするミネラル（カルシウム、リン、ナトリウム、カリウム、塩素、マグネシウム、鉄、イオウ、ヨウ素、マンガン、銅、コバルト、亜鉛）であることが確認されており、さらに他の１０種のミネラルの寄与も考えられ、これらが複合的に作用するためと考えられる。
【００１６】
養鶏飼料における卵殻質改善用添加剤の添加量は少量でよく、経済性の点から、０．２〜５重量％とすることが好ましい。少なすぎると、卵殻質改善効果が発揮されず、多すぎるとコスト高となる。
【００１７】
また、卵殻質改善用添加剤を養鶏飼料に添加することなく、単独で鶏に摂取させる場合には、鶏の摂取行動に委ねればよい。食べ過ぎによる格別の弊害はない。
【００１８】
本発明の養鶏飼料は、上述の本発明の卵殻質改善用添加剤を含有することを特徴としている。本発明の養鶏飼料の構成成分は、上述の卵殻質改善用添加剤を、好ましくはコーラルサンドを０．２〜５重量％含有する他は、従来の養鶏飼料と同様とすることができる。したがって、飼料の構成成分としては、例えば、トウモロコシ、小麦、大麦、マイロ等の穀類、ふすま、米糠、大豆ミール、コーングルテン、魚粉、植物油脂、炭酸カルシウム、リン酸カルシウム、カキ殻、ビタミン類等を挙げることができる。
【００１９】
特に、コーラルサンド０．２〜５重量％と炭酸カルシウム２〜１０重量％を含むものが好ましい。
【００２０】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例に基づいて具体的に説明する。
【００２１】
実施例１、２及び比較例１
表１の組成の市販の養鶏飼料に、コーラルサンド（沖縄海域で採取されたコーラルサンドに洗浄、乾燥、殺菌、篩分処理（粒度２．２ｍｍ以下）を施したものを２重量％又は０．５重量％を配合した飼料を調製した（実施例１、実施例２）。また、対照例として、コーラルサンドを配合しない市販の養鶏飼料を比較例１とした。
【００２２】
【表１】
各実施例、比較例を飼料として、６４週齢の鶏（１０羽単位）を約６週間飼育し、産卵された卵の卵殻強度と卵殻厚を３期に分けて測定し、それぞれについて１０羽の平均を求めた。この場合、卵殻強度及び卵殻厚の測定方法は、卵殻強度計及び卵殻厚測定器（富士平工業社製）により行った。結果を図１及び図２に示す。
【００２４】
一般に、卵殻厚が厚くても卵殻の密度が小さければ破卵率が増え、卵殻厚が薄くても卵殻の密度がよければ卵殻強度が強くなる。したがって、破卵率の抑制には、卵殻強度を向上させることが重要であり、卵殻強度を３．５ｋｇ／ｃｍ２ 以上とすることが望まれている。また、卵殻厚は、一般に０．３２ｍｍ以上あれば十分である。
【００２５】
一方、鶏は２０週齢から卵を生み出し、５０週齢で卵殻質が低下し始め、８０週齢で卵の生産ラインから外れる。したがって、６４週齢の鶏は、産卵能力及び卵殻質の落ちた老鶏ということができる。
【００２６】
これに対し、実施例１、実施例２の飼料で飼育した鶏は、６４週齢の老鶏であるにもかかわらず、卵殻強度が全て３．５ｋｇ／ｃｍ２を上回り、卵殻厚も０．３２以上ｍｍあり、卵殻質が顕著に改善されていることがわかる。対照例である比較例１の場合には、卵殻強度のバラツキが大きく、卵殻強度が３ｋｇ／ｃｍ２ を下回った時もあったことがわかる。
【００２７】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、鶏卵の卵殻質を画期的に改善することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】各実施例及び比較例の卵殻強度の測定結果である。
【図２】各実施例及び比較例の卵殻厚の測定結果である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an egg shell quality improving additive comprising coral sand and a chicken feed containing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the chicken egg business, raise healthy chickens to increase egg production, supply safe eggs that consumers can eat with confidence, improve eggshell quality, reduce broken eggs and increase economic efficiency It becomes important. For this reason, egg farmers are improving feed, drinking water, and improving the farm environment.
[0003]
In addition, in the chicken raising business for meat chickens such as broilers, it is important to breed chicks to produce robust eggs in order to raise chicks and continue the chicken raising business, and it is desirable to improve the eggshell quality. ing.
[0004]
It is known that calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, manganese, potassium, vitamins, and the like are added to feed as additives for improving eggshell quality. Of these, calcium is particularly important, and a sample containing about 8% calcium carbonate as a calcium source is commercially available. In addition, as a calcium source, oyster shells, bovine bone meal, Ryukyu limestone (land coral fossils formed by coral reefs rising on land, also referred to as mountain corals) and the like are used. Also, a method of adding kale (Patent Document 1: JP-A-2002-34465), a method of adding trehalose (Patent Document 2: JP-A-2001-95499), and the like have been proposed.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-2002-34465 [Patent Document 2] JP-A-2001-95499
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, eggshell quality has not yet been sufficiently improved, and the total egg breaking rate on farms, egg processing plants, and stores has reached about 10%, resulting in a large economic loss.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an additive for effectively improving eggshell quality and a chicken feed containing the same.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has found that when coral sand is added to poultry feed, eggshell quality is remarkably improved, and therefore, coral sand is useful as an additive for improving eggshell quality.
[0009]
That is, the present invention provides an additive for improving eggshell quality consisting of coral sand collected from the ocean.
[0010]
The present invention also provides a poultry feed containing coral sand collected from the ocean.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The additive for improving eggshell quality of the present invention comprises coral sand.
[0012]
Coral sand refers to coral and coral reef organisms that have become fragments or fines due to weathering and have accumulated on the sea floor. Despite having the same origin as a corpse, they differ in their formation process, crystal structure and composition. That is, the Ryukyu limestone loses its crystal structure when coral reef inhabits by being exposed to rain or the like on land, becomes calcite, has no porosity, is massive, and has a significant loss of mineral components such as magnesium. Coral sand, on the other hand, has a crystalline structure of aragonite when it is inhabited by coral reefs, and also retains its porosity and mineral components derived from corals. Although coral sand can be collected at the seaside, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of nature protection, and therefore, in the present invention, coral sand is used.
[0013]
The coral sand used in the present invention is preferably one obtained by washing, drying (200 ° C. or less), removing foreign matter, adjusting particle size, heat sterilizing, and sieving (particle size of 2.2 mm or less) after being collected from the sea floor. The use of coral grains collected from the seaside as it is has high salt concentration, high human contact, may be contaminated with bacteria and dirt, and there is a possibility that foreign substances such as glass and plastic may be mixed. This is not preferable due to some reasons.
[0014]
Further, the shell quality improving additives of the present invention, other coral sand, casein phosphotransferase peptide (CPP), of vitamin D 3 and the like, may enhance the absorption of calcium and phosphorus.
[0015]
The eggshell quality improving additive of the present invention can be administered directly to chickens or used by adding to ordinary poultry feed, which is an epoch-making product not found in conventional eggshell quality improving additives. It has the effect of improving eggshell strength. The reason for this is that coral sand is not just a calcium supplement, that is, coral sand contains 23 kinds of minerals, including calcium, derived from an organism called coral, of which 13 are minerals. Species have been identified as minerals required by chickens (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chlorine, magnesium, iron, sulfur, iodine, manganese, copper, cobalt, zinc), and a further 10 species The contribution of minerals is also considered, and it is considered that these act in combination.
[0016]
The amount of the additive for improving eggshell quality in poultry feed may be small, and is preferably 0.2 to 5% by weight from the viewpoint of economy. If the amount is too small, the effect of improving eggshell quality is not exhibited, and if it is too large, the cost increases.
[0017]
In addition, when the chicken is to be taken by itself without adding the eggshell quality improving additive to the poultry feed, it may be left to the ingestion behavior of the chicken. There is no particular harm caused by overeating.
[0018]
The chicken feed of the present invention is characterized by containing the above-mentioned additive for improving eggshell quality of the present invention. The components of the poultry feed of the present invention can be the same as the conventional poultry feed except that the above-mentioned eggshell quality improving additive, preferably containing 0.2 to 5% by weight of coral sand, is contained. Therefore, examples of the components of the feed include corn, wheat, barley, milo, etc., bran, rice bran, soybean meal, corn gluten, fish meal, vegetable oils, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, oyster shells, vitamins, and the like. be able to.
[0019]
In particular, those containing 0.2 to 5% by weight of coral sand and 2 to 10% by weight of calcium carbonate are preferred.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on examples.
[0021]
Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1
2% by weight or 0.1% of a commercially available poultry feed having the composition shown in Table 1 obtained by subjecting a coral sand (a coral sand collected in the sea area of Okinawa to washing, drying, sterilization, and sieving (particle size: 2.2 mm or less)). A feed containing 5% by weight was prepared (Examples 1 and 2), and a commercial chicken feed containing no coral sand was taken as Comparative Example 1 as a control.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Using the examples and the comparative examples as feeds, 64 week-old hens (10 birds) were bred for about 6 weeks, and the eggshell strength and eggshell thickness of the laid eggs were measured in three stages, and each of them was 10 chickens. Was calculated. In this case, the eggshell strength and eggshell thickness were measured using an eggshell strength meter and an eggshell thickness meter (manufactured by Fujidaira Industry Co., Ltd.). The results are shown in FIGS.
[0024]
In general, even if the eggshell thickness is large, the egg breaking rate increases if the eggshell density is small, and the eggshell strength increases if the eggshell density is good even if the eggshell thickness is small. Therefore, it is important to improve the eggshell strength to suppress the egg breaking rate, and it is desired that the eggshell strength be 3.5 kg / cm 2 or more. In addition, the eggshell thickness is generally 0.32 mm or more.
[0025]
On the other hand, chickens produce eggs at the age of 20 weeks, eggshell quality starts to deteriorate at 50 weeks of age, and goes off the egg production line at 80 weeks of age. Therefore, a 64-week-old chicken can be said to be a rooster with reduced egg-laying ability and eggshell quality.
[0026]
On the other hand, the chickens bred with the feeds of Example 1 and Example 2 all had a shell strength exceeding 3.5 kg / cm 2 and an egg shell thickness of 0. It is 32 mm or more, indicating that the eggshell quality is significantly improved. In the case of Comparative Example 1, which is a control example, it can be seen that the variation in eggshell strength was large and the eggshell strength was sometimes less than 3 kg / cm 2 .
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the eggshell quality of a chicken egg can be improved remarkably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a measurement result of eggshell strength in each of Examples and Comparative Examples.
FIG. 2 shows the measurement results of eggshell thickness in each of Examples and Comparative Examples.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002267612A JP3988596B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2002-09-13 | Additive for improving eggshell quality and poultry feed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002267612A JP3988596B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2002-09-13 | Additive for improving eggshell quality and poultry feed |
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| JP2004097168A true JP2004097168A (en) | 2004-04-02 |
| JP3988596B2 JP3988596B2 (en) | 2007-10-10 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010088311A (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-04-22 | Takeshi Ogura | Livestock feed additive |
| CN107751628A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-06 | 贵州松羽禽业有限公司 | A kind of chicken feed addictive |
-
2002
- 2002-09-13 JP JP2002267612A patent/JP3988596B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010088311A (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-04-22 | Takeshi Ogura | Livestock feed additive |
| CN107751628A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-06 | 贵州松羽禽业有限公司 | A kind of chicken feed addictive |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3988596B2 (en) | 2007-10-10 |
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