JP2004076081A - Method for predicting manganese concentration at end point of blowing in converter - Google Patents

Method for predicting manganese concentration at end point of blowing in converter Download PDF

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JP2004076081A
JP2004076081A JP2002236814A JP2002236814A JP2004076081A JP 2004076081 A JP2004076081 A JP 2004076081A JP 2002236814 A JP2002236814 A JP 2002236814A JP 2002236814 A JP2002236814 A JP 2002236814A JP 2004076081 A JP2004076081 A JP 2004076081A
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concentration
blowing
molten metal
converter
oxygen
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JP3858150B2 (en
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Taisuke Kobayashi
小林 泰輔
Ikuhiro Sumi
鷲見 郁宏
Ryo Kawabata
川畑 涼
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To predict Mn concentration in molten steel at the end point of blowing at a low cost and in a good accuracy in a converter blowing performing decarburize-refining of molten iron by top-blowing or bottom-blowing oxygen into the molten iron. <P>SOLUTION: When the decarburize-refining of the molten iron is performed by oxygen-blowing in the converter 1 holding the molten iron, the Mn concentration in the molten metal 5 and the temperature of the molten metal are measured at the same timing on and after the medium period during oxygen-blowing. Based on the actual measured value of the Mn concentration and the actual measured value of the molten metal temperature obtained with the measurements, the total Mn content in the converter is corrected, and based on the corrected Mn content, the Mn concentration in the molten steel at the end point of the oxygen-blowing is predicted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、収容した溶銑に対して酸素を上吹き若しくは底吹きし、溶銑の脱炭精錬を行う転炉吹錬における吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn濃度を推定する方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、高炉及び転炉を有する銑鋼一貫製鉄所においては、高炉から出銑された溶銑は、転炉で脱炭精錬される前に、溶銑予備処理と呼ばれる脱硫処理、脱珪処理及び脱燐処理が施されるようになり、これに伴って、転炉ではスラグ発生量を抑えたレススラグ吹錬が行われるようになった。
【0003】
レススラグ吹錬においては、発生スラグ量が極めて少ないため、溶銑中の炭素によるMn鉱石の還元が可能であり、そのため、吹錬中の炉内に積極的にMn鉱石が添加されるようになった。但し、Mn鉱石の還元には、或る程度の時間が必要であり、従って、通常、Mn鉱石は吹錬の中期までに添加されている。Mn鉱石を添加することにより、Mn鉱石に比べてはるかに高価なFe−Mn合金等のMn系合金鉄の使用量が削減され、製造コストの削減に貢献している。従って、レススラグ吹錬においては、吹錬過程の溶融金属中のMn量を制御することが極めて重要な操業因子となっている。尚、溶銑を用いた転炉脱炭精錬では、転炉内に装入された溶銑は吹錬の経過に伴って脱炭されて溶鋼になるが、本発明では、溶銑、溶鋼、及び、溶銑から溶鋼に移行する過程のものを含めて、全て溶融金属と称することとする。但し、明らかに溶銑である場合及び明らかに溶鋼である場合には、それぞれ溶銑又は溶鋼と記す。
【0004】
溶融金属中のMn量を制御する操業アクションとしては、吹錬初期から中期におけるMn鉱石添加量の調整、送酸量調整やランス高さ調整等の上吹き送酸方法の制御、撹拌用ガス吹き込み量の調整等によるスラグ−メタル間の反応制御等々があるが、これらの操業アクションを的確に実施するためには、少なくとも吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn量がどのようになるかを吹錬中に予測して、操業アクションに反映させる必要がある。正確に予測できない場合には、実施した操業アクションが逆方向に作用し、Mn濃度が規格値よりも高くなったり、又、極めて少なくなったりすることが発生する。
【0005】
このように、吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測することは極めて重要であり、従来、下記に示す2つの方法により、転炉吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn量が予測されていた。
【0006】
1つの方法は、吹錬中にサブランスを用いて溶融金属温度及び溶融金属中炭素濃度を測定し、この測定値に基づくMnの溶融金属−スラグ間分配式と、Mn収支式とによって吹錬終点のMn濃度を予測する方法である。
【0007】
この方法では、Mn収支式を用いているため、転炉内の全Mn量、即ち転炉内の初期Mn量、並びに、吹錬中にMn鉱石等により添加される追加Mn量の両方を正確に把握する必要がある。ここで、初期Mn量としては、溶銑中に含まれるMn量と転炉内に残留する残留スラグ中に含まれるMn量とがあり、初期Mn量のうちの溶銑中に含まれるMn量、並びに、吹錬中に添加される追加Mn量は正確に把握することが可能であるが、初期Mn量のうちで残留スラグ中に含まれるMn量は、残留スラグ量そのものを正確に把握できないため、正確に把握することができない。残留スラグ量は目視により推定せざるを得ず、それに基づく計算値には誤差が含まれる。
【0008】
この全Mn量の不正確さに起因して、吹錬終点のMn濃度予測値の精度が十分でなく、そのため、実操業においては、吹錬終点におけるMn濃度の目標値越えをおそれ、目標値よりも低めを狙った操業が行われる。従って、転炉吹錬終了後の出鋼時や二次精錬時に、高価なMn系合金鉄を用いて溶鋼中Mn濃度を調整する必要があった。
【0009】
他の方法は、吹錬途中の溶融金属中Mn濃度を、Mn濃度検出手段を用いてリアルタイムで測定し、測定値から予測する方法である。例えば、特開平9−3518号公報には、吹錬途中の溶融金属中Mn濃度を、Mn濃度検出手段を用いてリアルタイムで測定し、この測定値からMnの酸化速度を求め、その酸化速度から吹錬終点時の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測する方法が開示されている。
【0010】
しかし、この方法では、Mn濃度の測定値から酸化速度を算出する関係上、溶融金属中Mn濃度を吹錬中に少なくとも2回は測定しなければならない。リアルタイムで測定可能なMn濃度検出手段がどのようなものであるのか、同号公報には記載されておらず、そのため一概には云えないが、本発明者等が開発したオンラインMn計測センサーは比較的高価であり、1ヒートの吹錬期間に2本以上のオンラインMn計測センサーを使用した場合には、Mn鉱石を使用するコストメリットが極めて少なくなる。従って、2回以上の頻度でリアルタイムにMn濃度を測定して吹錬終点のMn濃度を予測する方法は、コスト的にみて実用的ではない。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、収容した溶銑に対して酸素を上吹き若しくは底吹きして、溶銑の脱炭精錬を行う転炉吹錬において、吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn濃度を、安価に且つ精度良く予測することが可能な推定方法を提供することである。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するための第1の発明に係る、転炉における吹錬終点Mn濃度の推定方法は、溶銑を収容した転炉内で酸素吹錬して溶銑の脱炭精錬を行う際に、酸素吹錬中の中期以降の同一時点で溶融金属中のMn濃度と溶融金属の温度とを測定し、測定によって得られたMn濃度の実測値及び溶融金属温度の実測値に基づいて転炉内の全Mn量を修正し、修正した全Mn量に基づいて酸素吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測することを特徴とするものである。
【0013】
第2の発明に係る、転炉における吹錬終点Mn濃度の推定方法は、溶銑を収容した転炉内で酸素吹錬して溶銑の脱炭精錬を行う際に、酸素吹錬中の中期以降の同一時点で溶融金属中のMn濃度と溶融金属の温度とを測定し、測定によって得られた溶融金属温度の実測値と転炉内への原料装入量とに基づいて溶融金属中のMn濃度を算出し、この算出によって得た溶融金属中Mn濃度推定値と、測定によって得た溶融金属中Mn濃度実測値との差分値に基づいて転炉内の全Mn量を修正し、修正した全Mn量に基づいて酸素吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測することを特徴とするものである。
【0014】
第3の発明に係る、転炉における吹錬終点Mn濃度の推定方法は、第1又は第2の発明において、サブランス先端に取り付けたプローブ内に溶融金属を採取し、採取した溶融金属表面にレーザ光を照射してその反射光を受光し、その光路にある金属蒸気により生じる原子吸光に基づき、溶融金属中のMn濃度を測定することを特徴とするものである。
【0015】
上記構成の本発明に係る、転炉における吹錬終点Mn濃度の推定方法によれば、転炉内の全Mn量が正確に把握されるため、吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn濃度を精度良く予測することが可能となる。又、溶融金属中のMn濃度の測定は1回で十分であるので、高価なオンラインMn計測センサーの使用本数を少なくすることができ、製造コストの上昇を抑えることができる。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。本発明では、溶銑を脱炭精錬するための精錬炉として、慣用の酸素上吹き転炉や酸素底吹き転炉を用いる。上吹き転炉の場合には、炉底に攪拌用ガスを吹き込むための羽口が設置されていてもよい。但し、本発明で用いる転炉には、溶銑中又は溶鋼中のMn濃度をリアルタイムで測定可能なオンラインMn濃度検出手段が設置されている必要がある。
【0017】
このオンラインMn濃度検出手段としては、正確に且つ迅速に測定可能であることから、溶融金属表面にレーザ光を照射してその反射光を受光し、その光路にある金属蒸気により生じる原子吸光に基づいて溶融金属中のMn濃度を測定するMn濃度検出装置を用いることが好ましい。このMn濃度検出装置の1例を図1及び図2に示す。図1は、Mn濃度検出装置の全体構成図、図2は、サブランスの先端に取り付けられた、Mn濃度検出装置のプローブの概略図である。
【0018】
図1及び図2に示すように、サブランス3の先端に取り付けられたプローブ4を、上吹きランス2からの酸素吹錬中に、転炉1内に収容された溶融金属5中に浸漬させ、プローブ4の下部に設置されたサンプル室16に溶融金属5を流入させる。プローブ4を構成するプローブホルダー11、紙筒12、及び鉄管15の内部には、中継ケーブル7を介してN ガスが供給されており、このN ガスが紙筒12に設けた孔22から溶融金属5中に気泡20となって流出するので、サンプル室16内のほぼ一定位置に溶融金属5の湯面が形成され、その上部に金属の蒸気層21が形成される。尚、図1の符号6はスラグである。
【0019】
プローブ4内には、レーザ光19を照射してその反射光を受光する先端光学部14が設置されており、検出装置本体8のレーザ光源9から中継ケーブル7内の光ファイバー13を介して供給されるレーザ光19を、溶融金属5の湯面に照射し、そして、その反射光を受光し、光ファイバー13aを介して検出装置本体8の測光部10に送る。測光部10は、蒸気層21におけるレーザ光19の減衰量に基づいて溶融金属5中のMn濃度を計測する。尚、このプローブ4には、測温素子17及び炭素濃度検出計18が設置されており、溶融金属5の温度及び溶融金属5中の炭素濃度の測定も可能な構造になっている。炭素濃度検出計18は、溶融金属5の凝固温度に基づいて炭素濃度を計測するものである。
【0020】
用いる溶銑は、転炉吹錬の前に予め脱硫処理及び脱燐処理が施され、製品の硫黄濃度レベル及び燐濃度レベルまで低減されていることが好ましい。このように、溶銑中の硫黄濃度及び燐濃度を予め低減させることで、転炉1では脱炭精錬に限った精錬を行うことが可能になり、その結果、転炉1内に装入する生石灰等の造滓剤を少なくすることができるため、生成されるスラグ6が少なくなり、大量のMn鉱石を転炉1内に装入することが可能となるからである。
【0021】
溶銑並びに鉄スクラップ等を転炉1内に装入し、上吹きランス2から酸素を供給して溶銑の脱炭精錬を開始する。この酸素吹錬に前後して、Mn鉱石を転炉1内に供給する。Mn鉱石の投入量は、少なくとも、Mn歩留まりが100%即ちMn鉱石中のMn分が全て還元されて溶融金属5中に移行した場合でも、溶融金属5中のMn濃度が製品のMn規格値を越えない範囲とする必要がある。但し、操業を重ねることにより、Mn歩留まりが自ずと把握されるので、それに応じて決めればよい。この場合、Mn鉱石は、連続的に供給しても、若しくは断続的に供給してもどちらでも構わないが、予め定めた投入量の全量を、酸素吹錬の中期までに転炉1内に投入する。尚、酸素吹錬に前後して、必要に応じて、生石灰やドロマイト等の造滓剤並びに鉄鉱石やミルスケール等の鉄源を転炉1内に装入してもよい。
【0022】
所定量のMn鉱石が既に転炉1内に装入された酸素吹錬の中期以降、サブランス3の先端にプローブ4をセットして、サブランス3を下降させ、前述した方法により溶融金属5中のMn濃度を測定する。同時に、溶融金属5の温度も測定する。そして、この測定により得られたMn濃度の実測値及び溶融金属温度の実測値に基づき、転炉1内の全Mn量を修正し、修正した全Mn量に基づいて酸素吹錬終了時の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測する。ここで、全Mn量とは、溶銑、前ヒートの残留スラグ、及びMn鉱石等から転炉1内に持ち来される全てのMn量である。以下、全Mn量の修正方法について説明する。
【0023】
先ず、溶融金属温度の実測値を用いて、下記の(1)式に示すMn平衡式から(MnO)/[Mn]を求める。ここで、(1)式における(FeO)値、即ちスラグ6中のFeO濃度(mass%)は、サブランス3の投入時期に応じて決まる固定値を使用して代入する。即ち、予めスラグ6中のFeO濃度の挙動を吹錬パターンに応じて調査しておき、当該ヒートの吹錬パターンに照らし合わせて決定する。又、(1)式におけるTemp(℃)が溶融金属温度の実測値で、a、bは定数である。尚、(1)式における(MnO)はスラグ6中のMnO濃度(mass%)、[Mn]は溶融金属5中のMn濃度(mass%)であり、これ以降全て同一意味でこれらの符号を用いることとする。
【0024】
【数1】

Figure 2004076081
転炉1内のスラグ質量(Ws)は下記の(2)式により表され、一方、転炉1内のMn収支式は下記の(3)式により表される。ここで、(2)式におけるWsはスラグ質量、WSiO2はスラグ6中のSiO 質量、WCaO はスラグ6中のCaO質量、WMgO はスラグ6中のMgO質量、(他成分)は、SiO 、CaO、MgO、MnO、FeO以外のスラグ6中の成分である。又、(3)式におけるWmは炉内に在る溶融金属5の質量である。
【0025】
【数2】
Figure 2004076081
【0026】
【数3】
Figure 2004076081
(2)式及び(3)式を連立させてWsを消去した式に、前述の(1)式から求めた(MnO)/[Mn]を代入すると、[Mn]の二次方程式が得られる。この二次方程式を解くことにより、[Mn]を求めることができる。本発明では、この値をMn濃度推定値と呼ぶ。尚、上記の[Mn]の二次方程式を解く際に、WSiO2、WCaO 、WMgO は造滓剤として転炉1内に添加した数量から求め、FeOは(1)式で使用した数値から求め、他成分は、予めスラグ6中のAl O 、TiO 、V O 等の成分濃度を調査しておき、この値を用いればよい。又、Wmは溶銑や鉄鉱石等鉄源の質量から求めることができる。この場合に、目視で求めた残留スラグ量を加味して、WSiO2、WCaO 、WMgO 及び全Mn量を求めてもよい。残留スラグ量を加味することで、Mn濃度推定値と、Mn濃度検出装置によるMn濃度実測値との差は小さくなるものの、最終的には両者の差分を修正するので、残留スラグ量が極めて多い場合を除き、敢えて残留スラグ量を加味する必要はない。
【0027】
求めたMn濃度推定値と、Mn濃度検出装置によるMn濃度実測値とを比較対比し、その差分値から下記の(4)式により全Mn量を修正する。ここで、(4)式に示すWfは、サブランス3による測定時のスラグ量であり、下記の(5)式で表される。(5)式において、(MnO)/[Mn]は前述の(1)式から求めた(MnO)/[Mn]を代入し、[Mn]はMn濃度実測値を代入し、WSiO2、WCaO 、WMgO 、FeO、及び(他成分)は、(2)式及び(3)式の連立方程式を解く際に用いた数値を用いればよい。
【0028】
【数4】
Figure 2004076081
【0029】
【数5】
Figure 2004076081
このようにして得られる修正全Mn量が、前ヒートの残留スラグ中に含まれるMn分を加味した数値であり、この数値を用いて酸素吹錬終了時の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測する。Mn濃度の予測は、原則的に、転炉1内のスラグバランスを表す上記(2)式、及び、左辺の全Mn量の替わりに修正全Mn量とした下記の(6)式に基づいて求めるものとする。
【0030】
【数6】
Figure 2004076081
吹錬終了時の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測する方法には、幾つかの方法があり、そのうちの1つ目の方法は、スタティックモデルで終点Mn濃度を再計算するものである。先ず、下記の(7)式において、Tempとして吹錬終点時の目標温度を代入すると共に、溶鋼中酸素濃度([O]:mass%)として、溶鋼中の炭素と酸素との濃度積は一定([C]×[O]=一定)であるとの関係式により、吹錬終点の目標炭素濃度から求めた溶鋼中炭素濃度を代入し、(MnO)/[Mn]を求める。そして、求めた(MnO)/[Mn]を(2)式及び(6)式を連立させてWsを消去した[Mn]の二次方程式に代入し、二次方程式から得られた[Mn]を酸素吹錬終点のMn濃度予測値とする方法である。尚、(7)式におけるc、d、e、fは定数である。
【0031】
【数7】
Figure 2004076081
このMn濃度予測値は、サブランス3により溶融金属5中のMn濃度を実測した以降のMn成分を調整するための操業アクションを行う上で、極めて重要である。例えば、Mn濃度予測値が目標とする値よりも低い場合には、Mn鉱石を更に添加する、若しくは、溶融金属5とスラグ6との攪拌を強めてMnの還元を促進させる等のMn濃度上昇の操業アクションを行うことができ、逆に、Mn濃度予測値が目標とする値よりも高い場合には、上吹きランス2の高さを調整する、若しくは、鉄鉱石を添加する等のスラグ6中のFeO濃度を高める操業アクションを行うことで、Mnの規格外れを防止することができる。
【0032】
このスタティックモデルにより予測した終点Mn濃度と、Mn調整のための特段の操業アクションを実施しないままで吹錬を終了し、その吹錬終了時に溶鋼を採取し、採取した試料のカントバックによるMn分析値との対比を図3に示す。図3には、比較のために全Mn量を修正しないままで終点時のMn濃度を予測した場合(従来例)も合わせて示す。この場合も、Mn濃度予測時以降、Mn濃度調整のための特段の操業アクションは実施していない。カントバックによるMn分析値との標準偏差は、従来例では0.092であったが、本発明を実施した場合(本発明例)には0.046になり、全Mn量を補正することによって、精度が向上することが確認された。
【0033】
2つ目の方法は、転炉1から発生する排ガス成分に基づいて行っている排ガスモデル計算による推定炭素濃度及び推定溶融金属温度を用いてMn濃度を予測する方法である。この場合には、推定炭素濃度から、前述の溶解濃度積一定の関係を用いて酸素濃度を求め、求めた酸素濃度及び推定溶融金属温度を(7)式に代入して(MnO)/[Mn]を求め、そして、求めた(MnO)/[Mn]を(2)式及び(6)式を連立させてWsを消去した[Mn]の二次方程式に代入し、この二次方程式から得られた[Mn]を酸素吹錬終点のMn濃度予測値とする方法である。
【0034】
排ガスモデル計算は、逐次周期的に計算可能であり、サブランス3による測定以降のMn濃度の変動を、逐次監視することができる。
【0035】
3つ目の方法は、酸素吹錬終点時に、Mn濃度検出装置が設置されていない従来のプローブにより溶鋼中炭素濃度及び溶鋼温度を実測し、これらの値から前述と同様に(7)式、並びに、(2)式及び(6)式を用いてMn濃度を推定する方法であり、この場合には、酸素吹錬終点時のカントバック分析を省略することができる。
【0036】
このように、吹錬途中で実測した溶融金属5中のMn濃度及び溶融金属温度を用いて転炉1内の全Mn量を修正し、修正した全Mn量に基づいて酸素吹錬終点時の溶鋼中炭素濃度を予測するので、高い精度で吹錬終点時の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測することが可能となる。そして、予測したMn濃度に応じて操業アクションを行うことができるため、高価なMn系合金鉄の使用量を削減することが可能となり、高価なオンラインMn計測センサーの使用本数が少ないことも相まって、製造コストを大幅に削減することが可能となる。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、吹錬途中で実測した溶融金属中のMn濃度及び溶融金属温度を用いて全Mn量を修正し、修正した全Mn量に基づいて酸素吹錬終点時の溶鋼中炭素濃度を予測するので、高い精度で吹錬終点時の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測することが可能となる。そして、予測したMn濃度に応じて操業アクションを行うことができるため、高価なMn系合金鉄の使用量を削減することが可能となり、高価なオンラインMn計測センサーの使用本数が少ないことも相まって、製造コストを大幅に削減することができ、工業上有益な効果がもたらされる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明で用いたMn濃度検出装置の全体構成図である。
【図2】図1に示すMn濃度検出装置のプローブの概略図である。
【図3】本発明により予測した終点Mn濃度と、吹錬終了時に溶鋼から採取した試料のカントバックによるMn分析値との対比を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 転炉
2 上吹きランス
3 サブランス
4 プローブ
5 溶融金属
6 スラグ
7 中継ケーブル
8 検出装置本体
9 レーザ光源
10 測光部
11 プローブホルダー
12 紙筒
13 光ファイバー
14 先端光学部
15 鉄管
16 サンプル室
17 測温素子
18 炭素濃度検出計
19 レーザ光
20 気泡
21 蒸気層
22 孔[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for estimating the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end point of blowing in converter blowing in which oxygen is blown upward or bottom to a contained hot metal to perform decarburization refining of the hot metal.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, in an integrated pig steel mill with a blast furnace and a converter, hot metal that has been tapped from the blast furnace is subjected to desulfurization, desiliconization, and dephosphorization, which are called hot metal pretreatment, before being decarburized and refined in the converter. Processing has been performed, and with this, a converter has been used to perform less slag blowing with a reduced amount of slag.
[0003]
In slag blowing, since the amount of generated slag is extremely small, it is possible to reduce Mn ore by carbon in hot metal, and therefore, Mn ore has been actively added to the furnace during blowing. . However, the reduction of Mn ore requires a certain amount of time, and therefore Mn ore is usually added by the middle stage of blowing. The addition of Mn ore reduces the amount of Mn-based ferromagnetic iron such as an Fe-Mn alloy, which is much more expensive than Mn ore, and contributes to a reduction in manufacturing cost. Therefore, in less slag blowing, controlling the amount of Mn in the molten metal in the blowing process is an extremely important operating factor. In the converter decarburization refining using hot metal, the hot metal charged in the converter is decarburized into molten steel with the progress of blowing, but in the present invention, hot metal, molten steel, and hot metal All of them, including those in the process of transitioning from molten steel to molten steel, are referred to as molten metal. However, when it is clearly hot metal and when it is clearly molten steel, it is described as hot metal or molten steel, respectively.
[0004]
Operational actions for controlling the amount of Mn in the molten metal include adjusting the amount of Mn ore added from the initial to the middle stage of blowing, controlling the upper blowing acid feeding method such as adjusting the amount of acid feeding and the height of the lance, and blowing gas for stirring. Although there are reaction control between slag and metal by adjusting the amount, etc., in order to carry out these operation actions accurately, at least what the Mn content in molten steel at the end point of blowing is determined during blowing. It must be predicted and reflected in operational actions. If it is not possible to predict accurately, the performed operation action acts in the opposite direction, and the Mn concentration may become higher or lower than the standard value.
[0005]
As described above, it is extremely important to predict the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end point of blowing, and conventionally, the Mn amount in molten steel at the end point of converter blowing has been predicted by the following two methods.
[0006]
One method is to measure the molten metal temperature and the carbon concentration in the molten metal using a sublance during blowing, and based on the measured values, the molten metal-slag distribution formula and the Mn balance formula are used to determine the blowing end point. Is a method of predicting the Mn concentration of
[0007]
In this method, since the Mn balance equation is used, both the total amount of Mn in the converter, that is, the initial amount of Mn in the converter, and the amount of additional Mn added by Mn ore or the like during blowing are accurately determined. Need to figure out. Here, the initial Mn amount includes the Mn amount contained in the hot metal and the Mn amount contained in the residual slag remaining in the converter, and the Mn amount contained in the hot metal among the initial Mn amount, and The amount of additional Mn added during blowing can be accurately grasped, but the amount of Mn contained in the residual slag among the initial Mn amounts cannot accurately grasp the residual slag amount itself. I can't figure out exactly. The residual slag amount has to be estimated visually, and the calculated value based on it has an error.
[0008]
Due to the inaccuracy of the total Mn content, the accuracy of the predicted value of Mn concentration at the end point of blowing is not sufficient. Therefore, in actual operation, the Mn concentration at the end point of blowing may exceed the target value. The operation will be aimed at a lower level. Therefore, at the time of tapping or secondary refining after the completion of converter blowing, it is necessary to adjust the Mn concentration in molten steel by using expensive Mn-based ferromagnetic iron.
[0009]
Another method is a method in which the Mn concentration in the molten metal during blowing is measured in real time using a Mn concentration detecting means, and predicted from the measured value. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-3518, Mn concentration in molten metal during blowing is measured in real time using a Mn concentration detecting means, and an oxidation rate of Mn is obtained from the measured value. A method for predicting the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end of blowing is disclosed.
[0010]
However, in this method, since the oxidation rate is calculated from the measured value of the Mn concentration, the Mn concentration in the molten metal must be measured at least twice during blowing. What kind of Mn concentration detecting means can be measured in real time is not described in the same publication, so it is not possible to say unconditionally, but the online Mn measurement sensor developed by the present inventors has been compared. When two or more on-line Mn measurement sensors are used during one heat blowing period, the merit of using Mn ore is extremely reduced. Therefore, the method of measuring the Mn concentration in real time at a frequency of two or more times and predicting the Mn concentration at the blowing end point is not practical in terms of cost.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to use a blower in a converter furnace for decarburizing and refining hot metal by blowing oxygen up or down on the stored hot metal. An object of the present invention is to provide an estimation method capable of inexpensively and accurately predicting the Mn concentration in molten steel at the smelting end point.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problems, a method for estimating a blowing end point Mn concentration in a converter includes: performing oxygen blowing in a converter containing hot metal to perform decarburization refining of the hot metal; At the same time after the middle stage during oxygen blowing, the Mn concentration in the molten metal and the temperature of the molten metal were measured, and the inside of the converter was determined based on the measured Mn concentration and the measured molten metal temperature obtained by the measurement. And correcting the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end point of oxygen blowing based on the corrected total Mn amount.
[0013]
The method for estimating the Mn concentration at the end of blowing in a converter according to the second invention is characterized in that when oxygen is blown in a converter containing hot metal to perform decarburization refining of hot metal, At the same time, the Mn concentration in the molten metal and the temperature of the molten metal were measured, and the Mn concentration in the molten metal was determined based on the measured value of the molten metal temperature obtained by the measurement and the amount of the raw material charged into the converter. The concentration was calculated, and the total Mn amount in the converter was corrected based on the difference between the estimated value of the Mn concentration in the molten metal obtained by this calculation and the actually measured value of the Mn concentration in the molten metal obtained by the measurement, and was corrected. It is characterized in that the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end point of oxygen blowing is predicted based on the total Mn amount.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for estimating the Mn concentration at the end of blowing in the converter according to the first or second aspect, the molten metal is sampled in a probe attached to the tip of the sub-lance, and a laser is applied to the surface of the sampled molten metal. The method is characterized by irradiating light, receiving the reflected light, and measuring the Mn concentration in the molten metal based on the atomic absorption generated by the metal vapor in the optical path.
[0015]
According to the method for estimating the Mn concentration at the end of blowing in the converter according to the present invention having the above configuration, since the total amount of Mn in the converter is accurately grasped, the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end of blowing is accurately predicted. It is possible to do. Further, since one measurement of the Mn concentration in the molten metal is sufficient, the number of expensive on-line Mn measurement sensors to be used can be reduced, and an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, a conventional oxygen top-blowing converter or an oxygen bottom-blowing converter is used as a refining furnace for decarburizing and refining hot metal. In the case of a top-blowing converter, a tuyere for blowing a stirring gas into the furnace bottom may be provided. However, the converter used in the present invention needs to be provided with online Mn concentration detecting means capable of measuring the Mn concentration in the hot metal or the molten steel in real time.
[0017]
As this on-line Mn concentration detection means, it is possible to measure accurately and quickly, so that the molten metal surface is irradiated with a laser beam to receive the reflected light, and based on the atomic absorption generated by the metal vapor in the optical path. It is preferable to use a Mn concentration detecting device for measuring the Mn concentration in the molten metal by using the method. One example of this Mn concentration detection device is shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a Mn concentration detecting device, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a probe of the Mn concentration detecting device attached to a tip of a sublance.
[0018]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the probe 4 attached to the tip of the sub lance 3 is immersed in the molten metal 5 accommodated in the converter 1 during oxygen blowing from the upper lance 2, The molten metal 5 is caused to flow into a sample chamber 16 installed below the probe 4. Probe holder 11 constituting the probe 4, the interior of the paper tube 12, and the iron pipe 15, and N 2 gas is supplied through the relay cable 7, the hole 22 the N 2 gas is provided to the paper tube 12 Since the gas flows out as bubbles 20 into the molten metal 5, a molten metal surface of the molten metal 5 is formed at a substantially fixed position in the sample chamber 16, and a metal vapor layer 21 is formed thereon. Incidentally, reference numeral 6 in FIG. 1 denotes a slag.
[0019]
A tip optical section 14 for irradiating the laser beam 19 and receiving the reflected light is installed in the probe 4, and is supplied from the laser light source 9 of the detection device main body 8 via the optical fiber 13 in the relay cable 7. The molten metal 5 is irradiated with a laser beam 19, and the reflected light is received and sent to the photometric unit 10 of the detection device main body 8 via the optical fiber 13a. The photometric unit 10 measures the Mn concentration in the molten metal 5 based on the attenuation of the laser light 19 in the vapor layer 21. The probe 4 is provided with a temperature measuring element 17 and a carbon concentration detector 18, and has a structure capable of measuring the temperature of the molten metal 5 and the carbon concentration in the molten metal 5. The carbon concentration detector 18 measures the carbon concentration based on the solidification temperature of the molten metal 5.
[0020]
The hot metal used is preferably desulfurized and dephosphorized before converter blowing to reduce the sulfur concentration and the phosphorus concentration of the product. As described above, by reducing the sulfur concentration and the phosphorus concentration in the hot metal in advance, it is possible to perform refining limited to decarburization refining in the converter 1, and as a result, quick lime charged into the converter 1 This is because the amount of the slag-forming agent can be reduced, so that the amount of the generated slag 6 decreases, and a large amount of Mn ore can be charged into the converter 1.
[0021]
Hot metal, iron scrap, and the like are charged into the converter 1 and oxygen is supplied from the upper blowing lance 2 to start decarburization and refining of the hot metal. Before and after this oxygen blowing, Mn ore is supplied into the converter 1. Even when the Mn yield is at least 100%, that is, when the Mn content in the Mn ore is all reduced and transferred into the molten metal 5, the Mn concentration in the molten metal 5 is equal to the Mn standard value of the product. It must be within the range. However, by repeating the operation, the Mn yield is naturally grasped, so that it may be determined accordingly. In this case, the Mn ore may be supplied either continuously or intermittently, but the entire amount of the predetermined input amount is introduced into the converter 1 by the middle stage of oxygen blowing. throw into. Before and after the oxygen blowing, if necessary, a slag-making agent such as quicklime and dolomite and an iron source such as iron ore and mill scale may be charged into the converter 1.
[0022]
After the middle stage of oxygen blowing in which a predetermined amount of Mn ore has already been charged into the converter 1, the probe 4 is set at the tip of the sub lance 3, the sub lance 3 is lowered, and the molten metal 5 The Mn concentration is measured. At the same time, the temperature of the molten metal 5 is also measured. Then, based on the actual measured values of the Mn concentration and the molten metal temperature obtained by this measurement, the total Mn amount in the converter 1 is corrected, and the molten steel at the end of the oxygen blowing is corrected based on the corrected total Mn amount. Predict the medium Mn concentration. Here, the total amount of Mn is the amount of all Mn brought into the converter 1 from the hot metal, residual slag of the previous heat, Mn ore, and the like. Hereinafter, a method of correcting the total Mn amount will be described.
[0023]
First, (MnO) / [Mn] is obtained from the Mn equilibrium equation shown in the following equation (1) using the actually measured value of the molten metal temperature. Here, the (FeO) value in the equation (1), that is, the FeO concentration (mass%) in the slag 6 is substituted by using a fixed value determined according to the timing of feeding the sublance 3. That is, the behavior of the FeO concentration in the slag 6 is investigated in advance in accordance with the blowing pattern, and is determined based on the blowing pattern of the heat. In the equation (1), Temp (° C.) is an actually measured value of the molten metal temperature, and a and b are constants. In the equation (1), (MnO) is the MnO concentration (mass%) in the slag 6, and [Mn] is the Mn concentration (mass%) in the molten metal 5. Hereinafter, these symbols have the same meaning. Shall be used.
[0024]
(Equation 1)
Figure 2004076081
The slag mass (Ws) in the converter 1 is represented by the following equation (2), while the Mn balance equation in the converter 1 is represented by the following equation (3). Here, in equation (2), Ws is the slag mass, W SiO2 is the SiO 2 mass in the slag 6, W CaO is the CaO mass in the slag 6, W MgO is the MgO mass in the slag 6, and (other components) are It is a component in the slag 6 other than SiO 2 , CaO, MgO, MnO, and FeO. Wm in the equation (3) is the mass of the molten metal 5 in the furnace.
[0025]
(Equation 2)
Figure 2004076081
[0026]
[Equation 3]
Figure 2004076081
By substituting (MnO) / [Mn] obtained from the above equation (1) into an equation in which the equations (2) and (3) are combined to eliminate Ws, a quadratic equation of [Mn] is obtained. . [Mn] can be obtained by solving this quadratic equation. In the present invention, this value is called an estimated Mn concentration value. In solving the quadratic equation of [Mn], W SiO2 , W CaO , and W MgO were obtained from the quantity added to the converter 1 as a slag-making agent, and FeO was a numerical value used in the equation (1). For other components, the concentrations of components such as Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , and V 2 O 5 in the slag 6 are checked in advance, and this value may be used. Wm can be determined from the mass of an iron source such as hot metal or iron ore. In this case, the amount of W SiO2 , W CaO , W MgO and the total Mn may be determined in consideration of the amount of residual slag visually determined. By taking the residual slag amount into consideration, the difference between the estimated Mn concentration value and the actually measured Mn concentration value by the Mn concentration detection device becomes small, but finally the difference between the two is corrected, so that the residual slag amount is extremely large. Except in cases, there is no need to take the amount of residual slag into account.
[0027]
The estimated Mn concentration and the measured Mn concentration measured by the Mn concentration detector are compared and compared, and the difference is used to correct the total Mn amount according to the following equation (4). Here, Wf shown in the expression (4) is a slag amount at the time of measurement by the sub lance 3, and is expressed by the following expression (5). In the formula (5), (MnO) / [Mn] substitutes (MnO) / [Mn] obtained from the above formula (1), and [Mn] substitutes a measured Mn concentration, and W SiO2 , W For CaO 2 , W MgO 2 , FeO, and (other components), the numerical values used in solving the simultaneous equations of the equations (2) and (3) may be used.
[0028]
(Equation 4)
Figure 2004076081
[0029]
(Equation 5)
Figure 2004076081
The corrected total Mn amount obtained in this manner is a numerical value in consideration of the Mn content in the residual slag of the previous heat, and the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end of oxygen blowing is predicted using this numerical value. The prediction of the Mn concentration is basically based on the above equation (2) representing the slag balance in the converter 1 and the following equation (6) in which a corrected total Mn amount is used instead of the total Mn amount on the left side. Shall be sought.
[0030]
(Equation 6)
Figure 2004076081
There are several methods for predicting the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end of blowing, and the first method is to recalculate the Mn concentration at the end point using a static model. First, in the following equation (7), the target temperature at the end of blowing is substituted as Temp, and the concentration product of carbon and oxygen in the molten steel is constant as the oxygen concentration in the molten steel ([O]: mass%). ([C] × [O] = constant), and substituting the carbon concentration in the molten steel obtained from the target carbon concentration at the blowing end point to obtain (MnO) / [Mn]. Then, the obtained (MnO) / [Mn] is substituted into the quadratic equation of [Mn] in which Ws is eliminated by combining the equations (2) and (6), and [Mn] obtained from the quadratic equation Is used as the predicted value of the Mn concentration at the oxygen blowing end point. Note that c, d, e, and f in the equation (7) are constants.
[0031]
(Equation 7)
Figure 2004076081
The predicted Mn concentration is extremely important in performing an operation action for adjusting the Mn component after the Mn concentration in the molten metal 5 is actually measured by the sublance 3. For example, when the predicted value of the Mn concentration is lower than the target value, the Mn ore is further added, or the Mn concentration is increased such that the stirring of the molten metal 5 and the slag 6 is enhanced to promote the reduction of Mn. On the other hand, when the predicted Mn concentration is higher than the target value, the slag 6 such as adjusting the height of the upper blowing lance 2 or adding iron ore is used. By performing an operation action to increase the FeO concentration in the inside, it is possible to prevent Mn from being out of specification.
[0032]
The end point Mn concentration predicted by this static model and the blowing were terminated without performing any special operation action for Mn adjustment, molten steel was collected at the end of the blowing, and Mn analysis by cant back of the collected sample was performed. The comparison with the values is shown in FIG. FIG. 3 also shows a case where the Mn concentration at the end point is predicted without correcting the total Mn amount for comparison (conventional example). Also in this case, no special operation action for adjusting the Mn concentration has been performed since the time of the Mn concentration prediction. The standard deviation from the Mn analysis value by Cantback was 0.092 in the conventional example, but becomes 0.046 in the case where the present invention is implemented (example of the present invention). It was confirmed that the accuracy was improved.
[0033]
The second method is a method of predicting the Mn concentration using an estimated carbon concentration and an estimated molten metal temperature by an exhaust gas model calculation performed based on an exhaust gas component generated from the converter 1. In this case, the oxygen concentration is determined from the estimated carbon concentration using the above-described relationship of the constant dissolved product, and the determined oxygen concentration and the estimated molten metal temperature are substituted into the equation (7) to obtain (MnO) / [Mn ], And the obtained (MnO) / [Mn] is substituted into the quadratic equation of [Mn] in which Ws is eliminated by simultaneously combining the equations (2) and (6), and is obtained from this quadratic equation. In this method, the obtained [Mn] is used as the predicted value of the Mn concentration at the oxygen blowing end point.
[0034]
The exhaust gas model calculation can be sequentially and periodically calculated, and the fluctuation of the Mn concentration after the measurement by the sublance 3 can be sequentially monitored.
[0035]
A third method is to measure the carbon concentration and the molten steel temperature in molten steel at the end of oxygen blowing with a conventional probe having no Mn concentration detecting device, and calculate the equation (7) from these values in the same manner as described above. In addition, this is a method of estimating the Mn concentration using the equations (2) and (6). In this case, the cant back analysis at the end point of oxygen blowing can be omitted.
[0036]
As described above, the total Mn amount in the converter 1 is corrected using the Mn concentration and the molten metal temperature in the molten metal 5 actually measured during the blowing, and based on the corrected total Mn amount, the oxygen blowing time at the end point of oxygen blowing is adjusted. Since the carbon concentration in molten steel is predicted, it is possible to predict the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end point of blowing with high accuracy. And, since the operation action can be performed according to the predicted Mn concentration, it is possible to reduce the amount of expensive Mn-based ferromagnetic iron used, and in combination with the small number of expensive online Mn measurement sensors, Manufacturing costs can be greatly reduced.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the total Mn amount is corrected using the Mn concentration and the molten metal temperature in the molten metal actually measured during blowing, and the carbon concentration in the molten steel at the end point of oxygen blowing is corrected based on the corrected total Mn amount. Therefore, it is possible to predict the Mn concentration in molten steel at the end point of blowing with high accuracy. And, since the operation action can be performed according to the predicted Mn concentration, it is possible to reduce the amount of expensive Mn-based ferromagnetic iron used, and in combination with the small number of expensive online Mn measurement sensors, Manufacturing costs can be greatly reduced, and industrially beneficial effects are brought about.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a Mn concentration detection device used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a probe of the Mn concentration detecting device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a comparison between an end point Mn concentration predicted according to the present invention and an Mn analysis value by cant back of a sample collected from molten steel at the end of blowing.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Converter 2 Top blowing lance 3 Sub lance 4 Probe 5 Molten metal 6 Slag 7 Relay cable 8 Detecting device main body 9 Laser light source 10 Light measuring unit 11 Probe holder 12 Paper cylinder 13 Optical fiber 14 Tip optical unit 15 Iron tube 16 Sample chamber 17 Temperature measuring element 18 Carbon concentration detector 19 Laser beam 20 Bubble 21 Vapor layer 22 Hole

Claims (3)

溶銑を収容した転炉内で酸素吹錬して溶銑の脱炭精錬を行う際に、酸素吹錬中の中期以降の同一時点で溶融金属中のMn濃度と溶融金属の温度とを測定し、測定によって得られたMn濃度の実測値及び溶融金属温度の実測値に基づいて転炉内の全Mn量を修正し、修正した全Mn量に基づいて酸素吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測することを特徴とする、転炉における吹錬終点Mn濃度の推定方法。At the same time after the middle stage during oxygen blowing, the Mn concentration in the molten metal and the temperature of the molten metal were measured when oxygen was blown in the converter containing the hot metal to perform decarburization refining of the hot metal, The Mn concentration in the converter is corrected based on the measured Mn concentration and the measured molten metal temperature obtained by measurement, and the Mn concentration in molten steel at the oxygen blowing end point is predicted based on the corrected Mn amount. A method of estimating the Mn concentration at the end point of blowing in a converter. 溶銑を収容した転炉内で酸素吹錬して溶銑の脱炭精錬を行う際に、酸素吹錬中の中期以降の同一時点で溶融金属中のMn濃度と溶融金属の温度とを測定し、測定によって得られた溶融金属温度の実測値と転炉内への原料装入量とに基づいて溶融金属中のMn濃度を算出し、この算出によって得た溶融金属中Mn濃度推定値と、測定によって得た溶融金属中Mn濃度実測値との差分値に基づいて転炉内の全Mn量を修正し、修正した全Mn量に基づいて酸素吹錬終点の溶鋼中Mn濃度を予測することを特徴とする、転炉における吹錬終点Mn濃度の推定方法。At the same time after the middle stage during oxygen blowing, the Mn concentration in the molten metal and the temperature of the molten metal were measured when oxygen was blown in the converter containing the hot metal to perform decarburization refining of the hot metal, The Mn concentration in the molten metal is calculated based on the actual measured value of the molten metal temperature obtained by the measurement and the amount of the raw material charged into the converter, and the estimated value of the Mn concentration in the molten metal obtained by this calculation and the measurement Correcting the total Mn content in the converter based on the difference between the Mn concentration in the molten metal and the measured value obtained by the molten metal, and predicting the Mn concentration in the molten steel at the end point of oxygen blowing based on the corrected total Mn content. A method for estimating the Mn concentration at the end of blowing in a converter. サブランス先端に取り付けたプローブ内に溶融金属を採取し、採取した溶融金属表面にレーザ光を照射してその反射光を受光し、その光路にある金属蒸気により生じる原子吸光に基づき、溶融金属中のMn濃度を測定することを特徴とする、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の転炉における吹錬終点Mn濃度の推定方法。The molten metal is sampled in a probe attached to the tip of the sublance, and the surface of the sampled molten metal is irradiated with laser light to receive the reflected light.Based on the atomic absorption generated by the metal vapor in the optical path, the molten metal The method for estimating the Mn concentration at the end of blowing in the converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Mn concentration is measured.
JP2002236814A 2002-08-15 2002-08-15 Estimation method of Mn concentration at the end of blowing in converter Expired - Lifetime JP3858150B2 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008096433A (en) * 2006-10-06 2008-04-24 Heraeus Electro-Nite Internatl Nv Immersion lance for analysis of melt and liquid
CN106148629A (en) * 2015-03-28 2016-11-23 鞍钢股份有限公司 A kind of high ferromanganese water terminal Fe content control method
CN114609359A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-06-10 奥朗博佳羽冶金技术有限公司 High-precision integrated module type detection device for converter

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008096433A (en) * 2006-10-06 2008-04-24 Heraeus Electro-Nite Internatl Nv Immersion lance for analysis of melt and liquid
CN106148629A (en) * 2015-03-28 2016-11-23 鞍钢股份有限公司 A kind of high ferromanganese water terminal Fe content control method
CN114609359A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-06-10 奥朗博佳羽冶金技术有限公司 High-precision integrated module type detection device for converter
CN114609359B (en) * 2022-02-17 2023-10-13 奥朗博佳羽冶金技术有限公司 High-precision integrated module type detection device for converter

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