JP2004071559A5 - - Google Patents

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JP2004071559A5
JP2004071559A5 JP2003279745A JP2003279745A JP2004071559A5 JP 2004071559 A5 JP2004071559 A5 JP 2004071559A5 JP 2003279745 A JP2003279745 A JP 2003279745A JP 2003279745 A JP2003279745 A JP 2003279745A JP 2004071559 A5 JP2004071559 A5 JP 2004071559A5
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fuel cell
fuel
enzyme
cell according
dehydrogenase
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燃料を複数の酵素による段階的な反応により分解する燃料電池であって、
酵素１による分解反応により分解物１が生成する際の酵素１の酵素活性をＵ（Ｅ１）とし、分解物１を分解する酵素群２の酵素活性の総和をＵ（Ｅ２）とするとき、Ｕ（Ｅ１）≦Ｕ（Ｅ２）であることを特徴とする燃料電池。 Fuel A fuel cell you decomposed by stepwise reaction of a plurality of enzymes,
When the enzyme activity of the enzyme 1 when the decomposition product 1 is generated by the decomposition reaction by the enzyme 1 is U (E1) and the sum of the enzyme activities of the enzyme group 2 that decomposes the decomposition product 1 is U (E2), U (E1) ≦ U (E2) A fuel cell, wherein 前記酵素１は酸化酵素であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。   The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme 1 is an oxidase. 前記酵素１による分解反応が酸化反応であり、当該酸化反応により補酵素に電子の受け渡しをすることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。   2. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition reaction by the enzyme 1 is an oxidation reaction, and electrons are transferred to the coenzyme by the oxidation reaction. さらに、前記補酵素の酸化体を生成する補酵素酸化酵素を有し、
当該補酵素酸化酵素の酵素活性をＵ（Ｃｏ）とし、前記複数の酵素のうち、当該補酵素の還元体の生成に関与する酵素群の酵素活性の総和をＵ（Ｅ）とするとき、Ｕ（Ｃｏ）≧Ｕ（Ｅ）であることを特徴とする請求項３記載の燃料電池。 And a coenzyme oxidase that produces an oxidized form of the coenzyme,
When the enzyme activity of the coenzyme oxidase is U (Co) and the sum of the enzyme activities of the enzymes involved in the production of the reduced form of the coenzyme among the plurality of enzymes is U (E), U 4. The fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein (Co) ≧ U (E). 前記補酵素の酸化体がＮＡＤ+ 、還元体がＮＡＤＨであることを特徴とする請求項３記載の燃料電池。 The fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the oxidant of the coenzyme is NAD + and the reductant is NADH. 前記補酵素の酸化体を生成する補酵素酸化酵素が、ジアホラーゼであることを特徴とする請求項４記載の燃料電池。   The fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the coenzyme oxidase that produces an oxidant of the coenzyme is diaphorase. 前記補酵素から、さらに電子メディエータに電子の受け渡しをすることを特徴とする請求項３記載の燃料電池。   4. The fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein electrons are further transferred from the coenzyme to an electron mediator. 前記電子メディエータはキノン骨格を有する化合物であることを特徴とする請求項７記載の燃料電池。 8. The fuel cell according to claim 7, wherein the electron mediator is a compound having a quinone skeleton . 前記燃料が、アルコール、糖類、脂肪類、タンパク質、有機酸類から選ばれる少なくとも１種であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。   2. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the fuel is at least one selected from alcohols, sugars, fats, proteins, and organic acids. 前記燃料が、メタノール、エタノール、グルコースから選ばれる少なくとも１種であることを特徴とする請求項８記載の燃料電池。   The fuel cell according to claim 8, wherein the fuel is at least one selected from methanol, ethanol, and glucose. 前記燃料がメタノールであり、前記燃料を段階的に分解する複数の酵素が、アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ、ホルムアルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ、及び蟻酸デヒドロゲナーゼであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。 Before SL fuel is methanol, stepwise decompose more enzymes previous SL fuel, alcohol dehydrogenase Rogge toner zero, the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and formate dehydrogenase. 前記燃料がエタノールであり、前記燃料を段階的に分解する複数の酵素が、アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ、及びアルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。 Before SL fuel is ethanol, before Symbol fuel stepwise decompose plurality of enzymes, a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the alcohol dehydrogenase Rogge donors Ze, and aldehyde dehydrogenase Rogge toner peptidase. 前記燃料がグルコースであり、前記燃料を段階的に分解する複数の酵素が、グルコースデヒドロゲナーゼ、グルコノキナーゼ、及びフォスフォグルコネートデヒドロゲナーゼであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。 Claim before Symbol fuel is glucose, the pre-Symbol fuel stepwise decompose multiple enzymes, glucose dehydrogenase Rogge donor zero, characterized in that glucono kinase, and a phosphodiesterase gluconate dehydrogenase Rogge toner peptidase 1. The fuel cell according to 1. 前記燃料がメタノールであり、前記燃料を段階的に分解する複数の酵素がアルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ、ホルムアルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ、及び蟻酸デヒドロゲナーゼであり、前記補酵素の酸化を行う脱水素酵素がジアホラーゼであり、
前記アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ、ホルムアルデヒドデヒドロゲナーゼ、蟻酸デヒドロゲナーゼ、及びジアホラーゼの酵素活性をそれぞれＵ（ＡＤＨ）、Ｕ（ＦａｌＤＨ）、Ｕ（ＦａｔｅＤＨ）、Ｕ（ＤＩ）としたとき、以下の式（１）及び式（２）の関係を満足することを特徴とする請求項３記載の燃料電池。
０＜Ｕ（ＡＤＨ）≦Ｕ（ＦａｌＤＨ）≦Ｕ（ＦａｔｅＤＨ） ・・・式（１）
Ｕ（ＡＤＨ）＋Ｕ（ＦａｌＤＨ）＋Ｕ（ＦａｔｅＤＨ）≦Ｕ（ＤＩ） ・・・式（２） A pre-Symbol fuel methanol, pre-Symbol fuel stepwise decompose more enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, and a formate dehydrogenase, dehydrogenase before performing the oxidation of Kiho enzyme is diaphorase,
Before SL alcohol dehydrogenase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, formate dehydrogenase, and diaphorase enzyme activity, respectively U (ADH), U (FalDH ), U (FateDH), when the U (DI), the following equation (1) and ( The fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the relationship 2) is satisfied.
0 <U (ADH) ≦ U (FalDH) ≦ U (FateDH) (1)
U (ADH) + U (FalDH) + U (FateDH) ≦ U (DI) (2) 前記複数の酵素は電極上又は電極近傍に固定化されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of enzymes are immobilized on or in the vicinity of the electrode. 燃料電池を用いるポータブル電源において、In portable power sources using fuel cells,
前記燃料電池が、The fuel cell is
燃料を複数の酵素による段階的な反応により分解する燃料電池であって、A fuel cell that decomposes fuel by a stepwise reaction with a plurality of enzymes,
酵素１による分解反応により分解物１が生成する際の酵素１の酵素活性をＵ（Ｅ１）とし、分解物１を分解する酵素群２の酵素活性の総和をＵ（Ｅ２）とするとき、Ｕ（Ｅ１）≦Ｕ（Ｅ２）であるものであることを特徴とするポータブル電源。When the enzyme activity of the enzyme 1 when the decomposition product 1 is generated by the decomposition reaction by the enzyme 1 is U (E1) and the sum of the enzyme activities of the enzyme group 2 that decomposes the decomposition product 1 is U (E2), U (E1) ≦ U (E2) A portable power supply characterized by the above. 燃料電池を用いる電子機器において、In electronic devices using fuel cells,
前記燃料電池が、The fuel cell is
燃料を複数の酵素による段階的な反応により分解する燃料電池であって、A fuel cell that decomposes fuel by a stepwise reaction with a plurality of enzymes,
酵素１による分解反応により分解物１が生成する際の酵素１の酵素活性をＵ（Ｅ１）とし、分解物１を分解する酵素群２の酵素活性の総和をＵ（Ｅ２）とするとき、Ｕ（Ｅ１）≦Ｕ（Ｅ２）であるものであることを特徴とする電子機器。When the enzyme activity of the enzyme 1 when the decomposition product 1 is generated by the decomposition reaction by the enzyme 1 is U (E1) and the sum of the enzyme activities of the enzyme group 2 that decomposes the decomposition product 1 is U (E2), U (E1) ≦ U (E2) An electronic apparatus characterized by
JP2003279745A 2002-07-26 2003-07-25 Fuel cells, portable power supplies and electronic equipment Expired - Lifetime JP5207576B2 (en)

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