JP2004069102A - Double cylinder type heat exchanger - Google Patents

Double cylinder type heat exchanger Download PDF

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JP2004069102A
JP2004069102A JP2002225824A JP2002225824A JP2004069102A JP 2004069102 A JP2004069102 A JP 2004069102A JP 2002225824 A JP2002225824 A JP 2002225824A JP 2002225824 A JP2002225824 A JP 2002225824A JP 2004069102 A JP2004069102 A JP 2004069102A
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inner cylinder
cylinder
alloy
heat exchanger
double
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Mitsuro Takahama
高浜　充郎
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive double cylinder type heat exchanger with superior corrosion resistance. <P>SOLUTION: The double cylinder type heat exchanger comprises an outer cylinder 1 where preheated fluid flows inside; and an inner cylinder 2 arranged inside the outer cylinder while the heat source fluid of a corrosive gas containing dust flows inside. In the double cylinder heat exchanger, the inner cylinder 2 comprises a first inner cylinder 2a; and a second inner cylinder 2b being provided in contact with the inner surface of the first inner cylinder 2a. The first inner cylinder 2a is made of stainless steel. The second inner cylinder 2b is made of a heat-resistant/corrosion-resistant alloy chosen from a group of a Ni - Cr alloy, a Ni - Cr - Fe alloy, a Ni - Cr - Fe - Ti alloy, a Ni - Cr - Fe - Ti - Al - Nb alloy, and a Ni - Cr - Fe - Mo - W alloy. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は熱交換器、特に内部を予熱流体が流動する外筒と、この外筒内に配設された内部を熱源流体が流動する内筒とを具備する複筒式熱交換器に関する。
【０００２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
熱交換器には、内部を予熱流体が流動する外筒と、この外筒内に配設された内部を熱源流体が流動する内筒とを具備する複筒式（二重円筒式）熱交換器がある。
【０００３】
このタイプの熱交換器は、主として、廃棄物焼却プラントに使用されている。すなわち、粉塵が含まれる腐蝕性ガス（熱源流体）を内筒内を流動させると共に粉塵などは含まれてない清浄な空気（予熱流体）を外筒内（正確には、外筒と内筒との間の空間）を流動させ、これによって熱交換を行わせるものである。
【０００４】
ところで、これまでの外筒や内筒は、例えばＳＵＳ３１０ＳやＳＵＳ３０４等の厚さ４〜１４ｍｍ程度のステンレススチールで構成されている。
【０００５】
しかるに、上述した通り、内筒内を塩化物や硫化物などを含む腐蝕性ガスが流動するものであるから、内筒は腐蝕し易い問題が有る。
【０００６】
そこで、内筒内面に炭化珪素などのセラミック素材のブロックを張り付けることが考えられた。
【０００７】
しかしながら、炭化珪素のブロックを張り付けることにより腐蝕性ガスからの損傷を防ごうとすると、炭化珪素ブロックの厚さは５０ｍｍ程度も必要なものであった。そして、厚さが厚い炭化珪素ブロックが用いられている為、内筒内面に張り付けていても、脱落し易い。更には、運転中に、張り付けている炭化珪素ブロック間の隙間から腐蝕性ガスが侵入し易く、内筒の損傷防止効果が未だと言う段階であり、炭化珪素ブロックを用いる手法は普及していない。
【０００８】
すなわち、現実的に採用されている手法は、内筒の厚みを厚くして延命を図ったり、又、内筒の交換を頻繁に行うことが行われているに過ぎない。しかし、この手法は根本的な解決にはならない。
【０００９】
従って、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、上記問題点を解決することである。特に、耐蝕性に富み、かつ、低廉な複筒式（二重円筒式）熱交換器を提供することである。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の問題点に対する検討に際して、内筒の厚みを厚くして延命を図る手法や、内筒の交換を頻繁に行う手法は根本的なものでは無く、やはり、何らかの保護材を設けなければならないであろうとの結論に到達した。
【００１１】
そこで、二重円筒式熱交換器の内筒保護材に用いる材料として如何なるものが適しているかの検討を鋭意行うと共に、思考錯誤を繰り返しながら実験を押し進めて行った。
【００１２】
その結果、内筒の外面側をステンレススチール等の鋼材で構成すると共に、内筒の内面側を少なくともＮｉ及びＣｒを成分として含む耐熱性・耐蝕性合金で構成した場合、内筒の耐久性が優れていることが判明した。
【００１３】
上記知見に基づいて本発明が達成されたものであり、前記の課題は、
内部を予熱流体が流動する外筒と、この外筒内に配設された内部を熱源流体が流動する内筒とを具備する複筒式熱交換器であって、
前記内筒は、第１内筒と、この第１内筒の内面に接して設けられた第２内筒とを具備し、
前記第１内筒は鋼材で構成されると共に、前記第２内筒は少なくともＮｉ及びＣｒを成分として含む耐熱性・耐蝕性合金で構成されてなる
ことを特徴とする複筒式熱交換器によって解決される。
【００１４】
特に、内部を予熱流体が流動する外筒と、この外筒内に配設された内部を粉塵が含まれる腐蝕性ガスの熱源流体が流動する内筒とを具備する複筒式熱交換器であって、
前記内筒は、第１内筒と、この第１内筒の内面に接して設けられた第２内筒とを具備し、
前記第１内筒はステンレススチールで構成されると共に、前記第２内筒はＮｉ−Ｃｒ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｔｉ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｔｉ−Ａｌ−Ｎｂ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｍｏ−Ｗ合金の群の中から選ばれる何れかの耐熱性・耐蝕性合金で構成されてなる
ことを特徴とする複筒式熱交換器によって解決される。
【００１５】
すなわち、上記本発明の材料は、融点が約１６００Ｋと耐熱性に富むことから、流動する高温の熱源流体が接する内筒（第２内筒）構成材料として好都合である。
【００１６】
尚、高融点のみの観点からであれば、融点が約１９００Ｋのチタン合金なども考慮されるが、このチタン合金は熱伝導率が約７Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋと小さく、流動する熱源流体が接する内筒（第２内筒）構成材料としては適さない。更には、上記ニッケル系合金に比べて加工性が悪く、つまりチタン合金からなる板材を第１内筒の内面形状に加工するのは非常に厄介であった。
【００１７】
逆に、クロム銅合金は、熱伝導率が約３１５Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋと言った大きな値であることから、熱交換の観点からのみであれば、熱源流体が接する内筒（第２内筒）構成材料として考慮できるが、融点が１３００Ｋ程度であることから、高温の熱源流体が接する内筒（第２内筒）構成材料としては適さない。
【００１８】
ところが、上記本発明の材料は、高融点であって耐熱性に富むと共に熱伝導率もＳＵＳと同程度あり、熱源流体が接する内筒（第２内筒）構成材料として非常に適している。因みに、上記本発明の材料は、熱伝導率が約１１Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以上であって、ＳＵＳ３０４の熱伝導率１６Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋに比べれば小さいものの、セラミック素材に比べると熱伝導率は大きく、流動する熱源流体が接する内筒（第２内筒）構成材料として好都合である。
【００１９】
又、上記のニッケル系合金はチタン合金に比べて加工性が遥かに良く、第１内筒の内面形状に加工するのが容易であった。
【００２０】
又、上記本発明の材料は、塩化物や硫化物などを含む腐蝕性ガスに対しても腐蝕し難いものであった。
【００２１】
更には、上記本発明の材料の線膨張率とＳＵＳ３０４の線膨張率とは約１４×１０−４Ｋ−１と言ったように同程度であり、熱に対する変化度合いが同程度であるから、第１内筒の熱膨張・伸縮に第２内筒は追随して熱膨張・伸縮し、第２内筒が剥がれ難いものであった。
【００２２】
尚、第２内筒は、第１内筒の内面形状に沿った形状に形成された一辺の長さが１００〜３０００ｍｍの板体を第１内筒に対してプラグ熔接（栓熔接）により取り付けられて構成されたものであるのが好ましい。これは、第２内筒を一枚板で構成するよりも、複数枚の板材を第１内筒の内面に取り付けるようにしていると、仮に、第２内筒の何処かの部分が腐蝕性ガスによって腐蝕しても、その腐蝕した部分のみを交換できるから、ランニングコストが低廉なものになる。又、複数枚の板材を第１内筒の内面に取り付けるようにしている方が、初期費用も安くて済む。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明になる複筒式熱交換器は、内部を予熱流体が流動する外筒と、この外筒内に配設された内部を熱源流体が流動する内筒とを具備する複筒式熱交換器であって、前記内筒は、第１内筒と、この第１内筒の内面に接して設けられた第２内筒とを具備し、前記第１内筒は鋼材で構成されると共に、前記第２内筒は少なくともＮｉ及びＣｒを成分として含む耐熱性・耐蝕性合金で構成されてなる。特に、内部を予熱流体が流動する外筒と、この外筒内に配設された内部を粉塵が含まれる腐蝕性ガスの熱源流体が流動する内筒とを具備する複筒式熱交換器であって、前記内筒は、第１内筒と、この第１内筒の内面に接して設けられた第２内筒とを具備し、前記第１内筒はステンレススチールで構成されると共に、前記第２内筒はＮｉ−Ｃｒ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｔｉ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｔｉ−Ａｌ−Ｎｂ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｍｏ−Ｗ合金の群の中から選ばれる何れかの耐熱性・耐蝕性合金で構成されてなる。第２内筒は、第１内筒の内面形状に沿った形状に形成された一辺の長さが１００〜３０００ｍｍの板体を第１内筒に対してプラグ熔接により取り付けられて構成されたものである。
【００２４】
以下、図面を用いて更に詳しく説明する。
【００２５】
図１は本発明になる複筒式熱交換器全体の概略図、図２は要部の断面図、図３は第２内筒の一部展開図である。
【００２６】
各図中、１は二重円筒式熱交換器における円筒形の外筒、２は外筒１内に配設されている円筒形の内筒である。３は内筒２への熱源流体の前ダクト、４は熱源流体の後ダクトである。従って、塩化物や硫化物などの腐蝕性ガスを含む熱源流体は、前ダクト３から内筒２を通って後ダクト４から排出される。５は清浄空気である予熱流体の入口部、６は予熱流体の出口部である。従って、予熱流体は、入口部５から外筒１内に入り、外筒１と内筒２との間の空間を通って出口部６から排出される。そして、外筒１と内筒２との間の空間を通る間に、予熱流体は、内筒２内を通る熱源流体から熱を奪い、その分だけ温度が上昇する。つまり、熱交換が行われる。尚、このような構成は公知であるから詳細は省略される。尚、７は上部コニカルプレート、８は下部コニカルプレート、９は煙道コンペンセータである。
【００２７】
ところで、内筒２は、厚さが４〜１４ｍｍのＳＵＳ３０４（熱伝導率１６．０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ、線膨張率１３．６×１０−６Ｋ−１）製の円筒形状の第１内筒２ａと、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｔｉ−Ａｌ−Ｎｂ合金（熱伝導率１２．０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ、線膨張率１２．６×１０−６Ｋ−１、融点１７７０Ｋ）製の第２内筒２ｂとで構成されている。尚、この第２内筒２ｂは、第１内筒２ａの内面の曲率に合わせて円筒形状に加工した厚さが２〜６ｍｍで、一辺の長さが３００〜１０００ｍｍの正方形状のＮｉ−Ｃｒ合金板をプラグ熔接により第１内筒２ａの内面に取り付けたものである。従って、第２内筒２ｂの外面が第１内筒２ａの内面に密接している。
【００２８】
上記のように内筒２、つまり二重円筒式熱交換器を構成させていると、腐蝕性ガスを含む熱源流体が接する第２内筒２ｂは、その融点が１７７０Ｋと耐熱性に富むことから、優れた耐久性が確保される。又、塩化物や硫化物などを含む腐蝕性ガスに対しても腐蝕し難いものであった。すなわち、耐蝕性にも優れている。更には、第１内筒２ａの線膨張率と第２内筒２ｂの線膨張率とは同程度であり、従って第１内筒２ａの熱膨張・伸縮と第２内筒２ｂの熱膨張・伸縮とに大きなズレが無く、よって第２内筒２ｂの板をプラグ熔接の手段で第１内筒２ａに取り付けただけでも剥離し難いものであった。つまり、熱膨張率に大きな差があると、これを全面熔接と言った手法によらなければ剥がれてしまう危険性が有るものの、上記のような材料で構成されていると、プラグ熔接の手段でも剥離の問題が無かった。このことは組立コストが低廉なことを意味する。かつ、組立が容易であることをも意味する。更に、第２内筒２ｂの熱伝導率１２．０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋはセラミック材料に比べて大きな値のものであり、従って熱源流体の熱を第１内筒２ａ、引いては予熱流体に伝えることが出来、熱交換効率に優れていた。又、上記のニッケル系合金はチタン合金に比べて加工性が遥かに良く、第１内筒２ａの内面形状に加工するのが容易であった。
【００２９】
そして、第２内筒２ｂは一枚の板を円筒形状に曲げて加工したものでは無く、図３にも示される通り、３００〜１０００ｍｍの板体を複数枚組み合わせて構成したものである。従って、一部が腐蝕しても、全てを交換する必要は無く、腐蝕した部分の板のみを交換するだけで済むから、そのメンテナンスコストが低廉である。
【００３０】
上記実施の形態では、第１内筒２ａがＳＵＳ３０４製のものであったが、これは、例えばＳＵＳ３１０Ｓ等のステンレススチールであっても良い。又、第２内筒２ｂはＮｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｔｉ−Ａｌ−Ｎｂ合金製のものであったが、これは、例えばＮｉ−Ｃｒ合金（熱伝導率１７．４Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ、線膨張率１３．２×１０−６Ｋ−１、融点１６６８Ｋ）、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ合金（熱伝導率１４．８Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ、線膨張率１３．３×１０−６Ｋ−１）、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｔｉ合金（熱伝導率１１．５Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ、線膨張率１４．２×１０−６Ｋ−１）、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｍｏ−Ｗ合金（熱伝導率１１．１Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ、線膨張率１１．３×１０−６Ｋ−１、融点１５７８Ｋ）であっても良い。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
腐蝕性ガスを含む熱源流体が接する第２内筒は、高融点材料で構成されているから、優れた耐久性が確保される。又、塩化物や硫化物などを含む腐蝕性ガスに対しても腐蝕し難いものであることから、耐蝕性にも優れている。更には、第１内筒の線膨張率と第２内筒の線膨張率とは同程度であり、従って第１内筒の熱膨張・伸縮と第２内筒の熱膨張・伸縮とに大きなズレが無く、よって第２内筒の板をプラグ熔接の手段で第１内筒に取り付けただけでも剥離し難い。つまり、熱膨張率に大きな差があると、これを全面熔接と言った手法によらなければ剥がれてしまう危険性が有るものの、上記のような材料で構成されていると、プラグ熔接の手段でも剥離の問題が無い。このことは組立コストが低廉なことになる。かつ、組立が容易である。更に、第２内筒の熱伝導率はセラミック材料に比べても大きく、従って熱源流体の熱を予熱流体に伝えることが出来、熱交換効率に優れている。又、加工性が良く、第１内筒の内面形状に加工するのが容易である。
【００３２】
そして、第２内筒は、一枚の板を円筒形状に曲げて加工したものでは無く、所定の大きさの板体を複数枚組み合わせて構成したものであるから、一部が腐蝕しても、全てを交換する必要は無く、腐蝕した部分の板のみを交換するだけで済み、メンテナンスコストが低廉である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明になる二重円筒式熱交換器の全体概略図
【図２】本発明になる二重円筒式熱交換器の要部の断面図
【図３】本発明になる二重円筒式熱交換器の第２内筒の一部展開図
【符号の説明】
１　　　外筒
２　　　内筒
２ａ　　第１内筒
２ｂ　　第２内筒
３　　　前ダクト
４　　　後ダクト
５　　　予熱流体入口部
６　　　予熱流体出口部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly to a double-cylinder heat exchanger including an outer cylinder through which a preheating fluid flows, and an inner cylinder disposed inside the outer cylinder and through which a heat source fluid flows.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The heat exchanger has a double-cylinder (double-cylinder) heat exchange including an outer cylinder through which a preheating fluid flows, and an inner cylinder disposed inside the outer cylinder and through which a heat source fluid flows. There is a vessel.
[0003]
This type of heat exchanger is mainly used in waste incineration plants. That is, the corrosive gas (heat source fluid) containing dust flows in the inner cylinder, and the clean air (preheating fluid) containing no dust or the like flows in the outer cylinder (exactly, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder). ), And thereby heat exchange is performed.
[0004]
By the way, the conventional outer cylinder and inner cylinder are made of, for example, stainless steel having a thickness of about 4 to 14 mm such as SUS310S or SUS304.
[0005]
However, as described above, since the corrosive gas containing chloride, sulfide, and the like flows in the inner cylinder, there is a problem that the inner cylinder is easily corroded.
[0006]
Therefore, it has been considered to attach a block made of a ceramic material such as silicon carbide to the inner surface of the inner cylinder.
[0007]
However, in order to prevent damage from corrosive gas by attaching a block of silicon carbide, the thickness of the silicon carbide block needs to be about 50 mm. And since a thick silicon carbide block is used, even if it is stuck on the inner surface of the inner cylinder, it easily falls off. Furthermore, during operation, corrosive gas is likely to enter from the gap between the attached silicon carbide blocks, and the effect of preventing damage to the inner cylinder has not yet been reached, and the method using silicon carbide blocks has not spread. .
[0008]
In other words, the practically adopted methods merely extend the life of the inner cylinder by increasing the thickness of the inner cylinder, or frequently replace the inner cylinder. However, this approach is not a fundamental solution.
[0009]
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the above problems. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive double-cylinder (double-cylinder) heat exchanger that is rich in corrosion resistance.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In examining the above problems, the method of extending the life by increasing the thickness of the inner cylinder and the method of frequently replacing the inner cylinder are not fundamental, and again, some protection material must be provided. I reached the conclusion that there was.
[0011]
Therefore, the present inventor has been studying what material is suitable for the inner cylinder protective material of the double-cylindrical heat exchanger, and has been conducting experiments while repeating thought and error.
[0012]
As a result, when the outer surface side of the inner cylinder is made of a steel material such as stainless steel and the inner surface side of the inner cylinder is made of a heat-resistant / corrosion-resistant alloy containing at least Ni and Cr as components, the durability of the inner cylinder is reduced. It turned out to be excellent.
[0013]
The present invention has been achieved based on the above findings,
An outer cylinder in which a preheating fluid flows, and a double-cylinder heat exchanger including an inner cylinder in which a heat source fluid flows inside the outer cylinder disposed in the outer cylinder,
The inner cylinder includes a first inner cylinder and a second inner cylinder provided in contact with an inner surface of the first inner cylinder,
The first inner cylinder is formed of a steel material, and the second inner cylinder is formed of a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy containing at least Ni and Cr as components. Will be resolved.
[0014]
In particular, a double-cylinder heat exchanger including an outer cylinder through which a preheating fluid flows, and an inner cylinder through which a heat source fluid of a corrosive gas containing dust flows inside provided inside the outer cylinder. So,
The inner cylinder includes a first inner cylinder and a second inner cylinder provided in contact with an inner surface of the first inner cylinder,
The first inner cylinder is made of stainless steel, and the second inner cylinder is a Ni-Cr alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe-Ti alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe-Ti-Al The problem is solved by a double-tube heat exchanger characterized by being formed of any heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy selected from the group consisting of -Nb alloy and Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-W alloy. .
[0015]
That is, since the material of the present invention has a high melting point of about 1600 K and is excellent in heat resistance, it is convenient as a constituent material of the inner cylinder (second inner cylinder) in contact with the flowing high-temperature heat source fluid.
[0016]
From the viewpoint of only the high melting point, a titanium alloy having a melting point of about 1900K may be considered. However, this titanium alloy has a small thermal conductivity of about 7 W / m · K, It is not suitable as a tube (second inner tube) constituent material. Furthermore, the workability is poor as compared with the above-mentioned nickel-based alloy, that is, it is very troublesome to process a plate made of a titanium alloy into the inner surface shape of the first inner cylinder.
[0017]
Conversely, since the chromium copper alloy has a large thermal conductivity of about 315 W / m · K, if only from the viewpoint of heat exchange, the inner cylinder (second inner cylinder) in contact with the heat source fluid Although it can be considered as a constituent material, since the melting point is about 1300K, it is not suitable as a constituent material of the inner cylinder (second inner cylinder) in contact with a high-temperature heat source fluid.
[0018]
However, the material of the present invention has a high melting point, high heat resistance, and a thermal conductivity similar to that of SUS, and is very suitable as a constituent material of the inner cylinder (second inner cylinder) in contact with the heat source fluid. Incidentally, the material of the present invention has a thermal conductivity of about 11 W / m · K or more, which is smaller than the thermal conductivity of SUS304 of 16 W / m · K, but larger than that of the ceramic material. This is convenient as a constituent material of the inner cylinder (the second inner cylinder) in contact with the flowing heat source fluid.
[0019]
Further, the nickel-based alloy had much better workability than the titanium alloy, and was easily processed into the inner surface shape of the first inner cylinder.
[0020]
Further, the material of the present invention is hardly corroded even by corrosive gas containing chloride, sulfide and the like.
[0021]
Furthermore, since the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the present invention and the linear expansion coefficient of SUS304 are about the same as about 14 × 10 −4 K −1 and the degree of change with respect to heat is about the same, The second inner cylinder thermally expanded and contracted following the thermal expansion and contraction of the first inner cylinder, and the second inner cylinder was difficult to peel off.
[0022]
The second inner cylinder is attached to the first inner cylinder by plug welding (plug welding) with a plate having a side length of 100 to 3000 mm and formed in a shape following the inner surface shape of the first inner cylinder. It is preferable that it is configured. This is because if a plurality of plate members are attached to the inner surface of the first inner cylinder, rather than forming the second inner cylinder with a single plate, some parts of the second inner cylinder may be corrosive. Even when corroded by gas, only the corroded portion can be replaced, so that the running cost is reduced. In addition, when a plurality of plate members are attached to the inner surface of the first inner cylinder, the initial cost can be reduced.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
A double-cylinder heat exchanger according to the present invention is a double-cylinder heat exchanger including an outer cylinder through which a preheating fluid flows, and an inner cylinder through which a heat source fluid flows inside the outer cylinder. A vessel, wherein the inner cylinder includes a first inner cylinder and a second inner cylinder provided in contact with an inner surface of the first inner cylinder, wherein the first inner cylinder is made of a steel material. The second inner cylinder is made of a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy containing at least Ni and Cr as components. In particular, a double-cylinder heat exchanger including an outer cylinder through which a preheating fluid flows, and an inner cylinder through which a heat source fluid of a corrosive gas containing dust flows inside provided inside the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder includes a first inner cylinder and a second inner cylinder provided in contact with an inner surface of the first inner cylinder, and the first inner cylinder is formed of stainless steel, The second inner cylinder is a Ni-Cr alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe-Ti alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe-Ti-Al-Nb alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-W alloy Of any heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy selected from the group consisting of The second inner cylinder is formed by attaching a plate having a side length of 100 to 3000 mm formed in a shape along the inner surface shape of the first inner cylinder to the first inner cylinder by plug welding. It is.
[0024]
Hereinafter, a more detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings.
[0025]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an entire double-cylinder heat exchanger according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part, and FIG. 3 is a partially developed view of a second inner cylinder.
[0026]
In each of the figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical outer cylinder in a double-cylindrical heat exchanger, and 2 denotes a cylindrical inner cylinder disposed inside the outer cylinder 1. 3 is a front duct of the heat source fluid to the inner cylinder 2, and 4 is a rear duct of the heat source fluid. Therefore, a heat source fluid containing a corrosive gas such as chloride or sulfide is discharged from the front duct 3 through the inner cylinder 2 to the rear duct 4. Reference numeral 5 denotes an inlet for a preheating fluid as clean air, and reference numeral 6 denotes an outlet for the preheating fluid. Accordingly, the preheating fluid enters the outer cylinder 1 from the inlet 5, passes through the space between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, and is discharged from the outlet 6. Then, while passing through the space between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, the preheating fluid deprives the heat source fluid passing through the inner cylinder 2 of heat, and the temperature rises accordingly. That is, heat exchange is performed. Since such a configuration is publicly known, details are omitted. In addition, 7 is an upper conical plate, 8 is a lower conical plate, and 9 is a flue compensator.
[0027]
Incidentally, the inner cylinder 2 is a cylindrical first inner cylinder made of SUS304 (thermal conductivity 16.0 W / m · K, linear expansion coefficient 13.6 × 10 −6 K −1 ) having a thickness of 4 to 14 mm. 2a and a second inner cylinder made of a Ni—Cr—Fe—Ti—Al—Nb alloy (thermal conductivity 12.0 W / m · K, linear expansion coefficient 12.6 × 10 −6 K −1 , melting point 1770 K) 2b. The second inner cylinder 2b is a square Ni-Cr having a thickness of 2 to 6 mm and a side length of 300 to 1000 mm processed into a cylindrical shape according to the curvature of the inner surface of the first inner cylinder 2a. An alloy plate is attached to the inner surface of the first inner cylinder 2a by plug welding. Therefore, the outer surface of the second inner cylinder 2b is in close contact with the inner surface of the first inner cylinder 2a.
[0028]
When the inner cylinder 2, that is, the double-cylindrical heat exchanger is configured as described above, the melting point of the second inner cylinder 2b, which is in contact with the heat source fluid containing corrosive gas, is 1770K, which is rich in heat resistance. , Excellent durability is ensured. Further, it was difficult to corrode even with corrosive gases containing chlorides and sulfides. That is, it has excellent corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the linear expansion coefficient of the first inner cylinder 2a and the linear expansion coefficient of the second inner cylinder 2b are substantially the same, and therefore, the thermal expansion and contraction of the first inner cylinder 2a and the thermal expansion and contraction of the second inner cylinder 2b. There was no large displacement in expansion and contraction, and therefore, it was difficult to peel off even if the plate of the second inner cylinder 2b was simply attached to the first inner cylinder 2a by means of plug welding. In other words, if there is a large difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion, there is a risk of peeling unless this is done by a method called full-surface welding. There was no problem of peeling. This means that assembly costs are low. It also means that assembly is easy. Further, the thermal conductivity of the second inner cylinder 2b is 12.0 W / m · K, which is larger than that of the ceramic material. Therefore, the heat of the heat source fluid is transmitted to the first inner cylinder 2a, and thus to the preheating fluid. And the heat exchange efficiency was excellent. Further, the nickel-based alloy had much better workability than the titanium alloy, and was easily processed into the inner surface shape of the first inner cylinder 2a.
[0029]
The second inner cylinder 2b is not formed by bending a single plate into a cylindrical shape, but is formed by combining a plurality of 300 to 1000 mm plate bodies as shown in FIG. Therefore, even if a part is corroded, it is not necessary to replace the entire part, and only the plate in the corroded part need be replaced, so that the maintenance cost is low.
[0030]
In the above embodiment, the first inner cylinder 2a is made of SUS304, but may be stainless steel such as SUS310S. The second inner cylinder 2b is made of a Ni-Cr-Fe-Ti-Al-Nb alloy, but is made of, for example, a Ni-Cr alloy (having a thermal conductivity of 17.4W / m · K and a linear expansion coefficient). Rate 13.2 × 10 −6 K −1 , melting point 1668 K), Ni—Cr—Fe alloy (thermal conductivity 14.8 W / m · K, linear expansion coefficient 13.3 × 10 −6 K −1 ), Ni -Cr-Fe-Ti alloy (thermal conductivity 11.5 W / m · K, linear expansion coefficient 14.2 × 10 -6 K -1 ), Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-W alloy (thermal conductivity 11. 1 W / m · K, linear expansion coefficient 11.3 × 10 −6 K −1 , melting point 1578 K).
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
Since the second inner cylinder in contact with the heat source fluid containing the corrosive gas is made of a high melting point material, excellent durability is ensured. Further, since it is hard to corrode even with a corrosive gas containing chloride, sulfide or the like, it has excellent corrosion resistance. Further, the linear expansion coefficient of the first inner cylinder and the linear expansion coefficient of the second inner cylinder are substantially the same, so that the thermal expansion and expansion of the first inner cylinder and the thermal expansion and expansion of the second inner cylinder are large. There is no misalignment, and therefore, it is difficult to peel off even if the plate of the second inner cylinder is simply attached to the first inner cylinder by means of plug welding. In other words, if there is a large difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion, there is a risk of peeling unless this is done by a method called full-surface welding. No peeling problem. This results in low assembly costs. And it is easy to assemble. Further, the heat conductivity of the second inner cylinder is larger than that of the ceramic material, and therefore, the heat of the heat source fluid can be transmitted to the preheating fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency is excellent. Further, the workability is good, and it is easy to work into the inner surface shape of the first inner cylinder.
[0032]
The second inner cylinder is not formed by bending a single plate into a cylindrical shape, but is formed by combining a plurality of plates of a predetermined size. It is not necessary to replace all of the plates, only the corroded portion of the plate needs to be replaced, and the maintenance cost is low.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of a double-cylindrical heat exchanger according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the double-cylindrical heat exchanger according to the present invention. FIG. Partially expanded view of the second inner cylinder of the cylindrical heat exchanger [Description of symbols]
Reference Signs List 1 outer cylinder 2 inner cylinder 2a first inner cylinder 2b second inner cylinder 3 front duct 4 rear duct 5 preheating fluid inlet 6 preheating fluid outlet

Claims (3)

内部を予熱流体が流動する外筒と、この外筒内に配設された内部を熱源流体が流動する内筒とを具備する複筒式熱交換器であって、
前記内筒は、第１内筒と、この第１内筒の内面に接して設けられた第２内筒とを具備し、
前記第１内筒は鋼材で構成されると共に、前記第２内筒は少なくともＮｉ及びＣｒを成分として含む耐熱性・耐蝕性合金で構成されてなる
ことを特徴とする複筒式熱交換器。An outer cylinder in which a preheating fluid flows, and a double-cylinder heat exchanger including an inner cylinder in which a heat source fluid flows inside the outer cylinder disposed in the outer cylinder,
The inner cylinder includes a first inner cylinder and a second inner cylinder provided in contact with an inner surface of the first inner cylinder,
The double-tube heat exchanger, wherein the first inner cylinder is made of a steel material, and the second inner cylinder is made of a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy containing at least Ni and Cr as components. 第１内筒はステンレススチールで構成され、第２内筒はＮｉ−Ｃｒ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｔｉ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｔｉ−Ａｌ−Ｎｂ合金、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ−Ｍｏ−Ｗ合金の群の中から選ばれる何れかの合金で構成されてなることを特徴とする請求項１の複筒式熱交換器。The first inner cylinder is made of stainless steel, the second inner cylinder is a Ni-Cr alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe-Ti alloy, a Ni-Cr-Fe-Ti-Al-Nb alloy, 2. The double-cylinder heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is made of any alloy selected from the group consisting of Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-W alloys. 第２内筒は、第１内筒の内面形状に沿った形状に形成された一辺の長さが１００〜３０００ｍｍの板体を第１内筒に対してプラグ熔接により取り付けられて構成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２の複筒式熱交換器。The second inner cylinder is formed by attaching a plate having a side length of 100 to 3000 mm formed in a shape along the inner surface shape of the first inner cylinder to the first inner cylinder by plug welding. The double-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
JP2002225824A 2002-08-02 2002-08-02 Double cylinder type heat exchanger Pending JP2004069102A (en)

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WO2019069703A1 (en) * 2017-10-05 2019-04-11 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Heat exchanger

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