JP2004067731A - Catalyst for polymerizing olefin and method for producing polyolefin - Google Patents
Catalyst for polymerizing olefin and method for producing polyolefin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004067731A JP2004067731A JP2002225119A JP2002225119A JP2004067731A JP 2004067731 A JP2004067731 A JP 2004067731A JP 2002225119 A JP2002225119 A JP 2002225119A JP 2002225119 A JP2002225119 A JP 2002225119A JP 2004067731 A JP2004067731 A JP 2004067731A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- catalyst
- olefin
- oxygen
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 34
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 33
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- -1 alicyclic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000002901 organomagnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 9
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=NC=CN1 XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-Methylbutanoic acid Natural products CC(C)CC([O-])=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-methyl-butyric acid Natural products CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SLLGVCUQYRMELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si] SLLGVCUQYRMELA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 239000005052 trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hexene Natural products CCCC=CC RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006176 2-ethylbutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000005916 2-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SXQXMCWCWVCFPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O SXQXMCWCWVCFPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MGNZXYYWBUKAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1CC=CC=C1 MGNZXYYWBUKAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene Chemical compound C1CC=CC1 LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- KTQYJQFGNYHXMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro(methyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)Cl KTQYJQFGNYHXMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052806 inorganic carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001502 inorganic halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001853 inorganic hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BVRHQICYSINRIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;magnesium;silicic acid Chemical compound [Mg].[Mg].[Mg].[Fe].O[Si](O)(O)O.O[Si](O)(O)O BVRHQICYSINRIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium iodide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[I-].[I-] BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001641 magnesium iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-alpha-eicosene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000037048 polymerization activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-5-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(F)C(C#N)=C1 CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- PCBPVYHMZBWMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(C)CC1C=C2 PCBPVYHMZBWMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910004721 HSiCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020091 MgCa Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100003996 Mus musculus Atrn gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021550 Vanadium Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- CDKFWIMBZAUBRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M [I-].CC[Mg+] Chemical compound [I-].CC[Mg+] CDKFWIMBZAUBRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HYZXMVILOKSUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-K chloro(dimethyl)alumane;dichloro(methyl)alumane Chemical compound C[Al](C)Cl.C[Al](Cl)Cl HYZXMVILOKSUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- QABCGOSYZHCPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(dimethyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si](C)Cl QABCGOSYZHCPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- ZXIJMRYMVAMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptene Chemical compound C1CCC=CCC1 ZXIJMRYMVAMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDASTKMEQGPVRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;zirconium(2+) Chemical compound [Zr+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 IDASTKMEQGPVRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PFMKUUJQLUQKHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloro(ethyl)silicon Chemical compound CC[Si](Cl)Cl PFMKUUJQLUQKHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJSGABFIILQOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylalumanylium;bromide Chemical compound CC[Al](Br)CC JJSGABFIILQOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZGMHEOLLTWPGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylalumanylium;bromide Chemical compound C[Al](C)Br ZGMHEOLLTWPGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylalumanylium;chloride Chemical compound C[Al](C)Cl JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LDLDYFCCDKENPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclohexane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCCC1 LDLDYFCCDKENPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCPCLEKQVMKXJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(diethyl)alumane Chemical compound CCO[Al](CC)CC GCPCLEKQVMKXJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical compound C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;butane Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCC[CH2-].CCC[CH2-] KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWLPYZUDBNFNAH-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;butane;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].CCC[CH2-] LWLPYZUDBNFNAH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QUXHCILOWRXCEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;butane;chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].CCC[CH2-] QUXHCILOWRXCEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HJMSAAPFKZYBSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;butane;iodide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[I-].CCC[CH2-] HJMSAAPFKZYBSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NXPHGHWWQRMDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;bromide Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[Br-] NXPHGHWWQRMDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CCERQOYLJJULMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;chloride Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[Cl-] CCERQOYLJJULMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VXWPONVCMVLXBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;iodide Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[I-] VXWPONVCMVLXBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FRIJBUGBVQZNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;ethane;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C FRIJBUGBVQZNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YCCXQARVHOPWFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;ethane;chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[CH2-]C YCCXQARVHOPWFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RVOYYLUVELMWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;hexane Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCC[CH2-].CCCCC[CH2-] RVOYYLUVELMWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQBCXNQILNPAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(dimethyl)alumane Chemical compound [O-]C.C[Al+]C BQBCXNQILNPAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSTQWZZQKCCBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L methylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound C[Al](Cl)Cl YSTQWZZQKCCBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyllithium Chemical compound C[Li] DVSDBMFJEQPWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002734 organomagnesium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-diene Chemical compound C=CCC=C QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPESBQCJGHJMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentachlorovanadium Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[V+5] RPESBQCJGHJMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007613 slurry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XBFJAVXCNXDMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyclo[6.2.1.1(3,6).0(2,7)]dodec-4-ene Chemical compound C1C(C23)C=CC1C3C1CC2CC1 XBFJAVXCNXDMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGRHYJIWZFEDBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecylaluminum Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[Al] YGRHYJIWZFEDBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylborane Chemical compound CCB(CC)CC LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Al](CCCCCC)CCCCCC ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylalumane Chemical compound CCC[Al](CCC)CCC CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はオレフィン重合用触媒、ポリオレフィンの製造方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、従来公知の方法と比較して、含酸素化合物を0.01〜100モルppmを含有するオレフィンを重合した場合に、触媒当たりの活性が非常に高くなおかつ製造されたポリオレフィンの分子量分布が広いオレフィン重合用触媒およびポリオレフィンの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
オレフィン重合用触媒において、重合活性の増大は非常に重要である。以前は活性が低かったため、残存触媒を除去する工程が必要であったが、現在は塩化マグネシウム担体を用いる技術が一般的になったためこの工程は必要無くなった。しかし、現在でもなお高活性化に対する要望は強く存在している。
活性が低い場合にはポリオレフィン中の酸性物質含有量が増大する。例えば、高分子添加剤の新展開(日刊工業新聞社)の76ページに記載されているように、酸性物質含有量はポリオレフィンの熱安定性に大きく影響し、酸性物質含有量が高い場合には熱安定性が顕著に悪化する。また、この酸性物質は成形機にも影響をおよぼし、酸性塩素含有量が高い場合には成形機の腐食が促進される。
【0003】
このため、触媒のチタン当たりの活性が低い場合には、生成したポリオレフィンの熱安定性および成形機の腐食等の問題があった。これを解決するためにステアリン酸カルシウム等の金属石鹸を添加する手法があるが、多量の金属石鹸の添加が必要なため、ブローグレードではピンチオフ融着性が悪化したり目やにの原因になる等の問題があった。
オレフィン中に含まれる含酸素化合物とオレフィン重合用触媒の活性とは明確な相関があり、含酸素化合物の含有量が高くなると活性が低下する。それは、重合活性点に含酸素化合物の非共有電子対が配位することにより、重合活性点が失活するためであると考えられている。
【0004】
また、触媒活性が下がると同時に、製造されるポリオレフィンの分子量分布が狭くなるために成型加工性が悪化することが知られている。
これらの現象が発生することを防ぐため、現在はオレフィン中の含酸素化合物の濃度を厳しく管理している。しかし、この管理するシステムの不調が直接製造されたポリオレフィンの品質に影響する問題があった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記のような従来技術を鑑みてなされたものであり、オレフィンに含酸素化合物が混入した場合において、活性が高く、分子量分布が広いオレフィン重合用触媒、ポリオレフィンの製造方法およびポリオレフィン組成物を提供することを課題としている。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、従来技術の欠点を改良するため鋭意研究を重ねた結果、含酸素化合物を特定量含有するオレフィンを用いてポリオレフィンを製造するにあたり、遷移金属含有触媒成分と特定の有機アルミニウム化合物からなるオレフィン重合用触媒を使用することにより、重合活性が高いことを見出し、本発明を成すに至った。
【0007】
すなわち、本発明は、
1) 0.01モルppm以上100モルppm以下の含酸素化合物を含有するオレフィンを重合してポリオレフィンを製造する際に使用される触媒であり、この触媒が遷移金属含有触媒成分と下記一般式1で示される有機アルミニウム化合物からなることを特徴とするオレフィン重合用触媒。
一般式 RmAlH(3−m) ・・・式1
(式中、Rは炭素数1以上12以下の炭化水素基であり、mは0.01以上2以下の実数である。)
2) 前記1)に記載のオレフィン重合用触媒を用いて含酸素化合物を0.01モルppm以上100モルppm以下含むα−オレフィンを重合する際に該有機アルミニウム化合物に含まれるAl−H結合を含酸素化合物に対して等モル以上使用することを特徴とする、ポリオレフィンの製造方法。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明における含酸素化合物とは酸素を1つ以上含有する化合物である。この含酸素化合物は、主にナフサをクラッキングすることによりオレフィンを製造する工程において、希釈剤として添加される水等との副反応により混入する。含酸素化合物の例として、二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素、メタノール、ホルムアルデヒド、蟻酸、エタノール、1,2−エタンジオール、アセトアルデヒド、酢酸、1−プロパノール、2−プロパノール、1−プロパノン、2−プロパノン、プロピオン酸等が挙げられる。特に、各オレフィン留分の分離の為に、蒸留塔等の分離装置を用いて精製を行なう工程で、メタン等と共に一酸化炭素や他の含酸素化合物は充分に除去されるが、二酸化炭素は充分に除去することが難しく、オレフィン中には通常数モル〜数百モルppm程度の二酸化炭素が含まれている。
【0009】
本発明で用いられる遷移金属含有触媒成分に含有される遷移金属とは、チタニウム、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、バナジウム、クロム、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル等が挙げられ、例えば、三塩化チタニウム、四塩化チタニウム、二塩化ジルコノセン、塩化バナジウム、酸化クロム等を挙げることができる。
遷移金属含有触媒成分の製造方法としては例えば、四塩化チタニウムを有機アルミニウム等の還元性物質によって三塩化チタニウムに還元する方法、有機クロム化合物を高温処理して酸化クロムに焼成する方法、塩化ジルコニウムとシクロペンタジエン等の配位子化合物と反応させて錯体化合物とする方法等が挙げられる。
【0010】
また、これらの遷移金属含有触媒成分は、塩化マグネシウム、二酸化珪素、酸化アルミニウム、ポリオレフィン微粉末等の微粒子担体に担持されたものでもかまわない。
本発明で用いられる好ましい遷移金属化合物含有触媒成分は、(A−1)担体、(A−2)アルコール、(A−3)有機金属化合物、(A−4)有機金属化合物、(A−5)チタン化合物からなることが好ましい。
この遷移金属化合物含有触媒成分は、(A−1)に(A−2)を反応させ、さらに(A−3)を反応させ、さらに(A−4)と(A−5)とを所定回数反応させることにより調製されることが好ましい
【0011】
(A−1)担体としては、無機固体、有機固体のいずれを用いることも可能であるが、無機固体を用いることが好ましい。無機固体として下記のものが挙げられる。
(i)無機酸化物
(ii)無機炭酸塩、珪酸塩、硫酸塩
(iii)無機水酸化物
(iv)無機ハロゲン化物
(v)(i)〜(iv)なる複塩、固溶体ないし混合物
【0012】
担体の具体例としては、シリカ、アルミナ、シリカアルミナ、水和アルミナ、マグネシア、トリア、チタニア、ジルコニア、リン酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、硫酸カルシウム、珪酸マグネシウム、マグネシウム・カルシウム、アルミニウムシリケート[(Mg・Ca)O・Al2O3・5SiO2・nH2O]、珪酸カリウム・アルミニウム[K2O・3Al2O3・6SiO2・2H2O]、珪酸マグネシウム鉄[(Mg・Fe)2SiO4]、珪酸アルミニウム[Al2O3・SiO2]、炭酸カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、よう化マグネシウム等が挙げられるが、シリカ、シリカ・アルミナないし塩化マグネシウムが特に好ましい。担体の比表面積は、好ましくは20m2/g以上特に好ましくは90m2/g以上である。
【0013】
この触媒の担体である(A−1)は、不活性炭化水素溶媒に可溶である有機マグネシウム化合物と塩素化剤との反応により合成されることが好ましい。
本発明における不活性炭化水素溶媒としては、ペンタン、ヘキサン、ヘプタン等の脂肪族炭化水素、ベンゼン、トルエン等の芳香族炭化水素ないしシクロヘキサン、メチルシクロヘキサン等の脂環式炭化水素等が挙げられる。
本発明において、(A−1)を合成する際に使用される塩素化剤が
一般式HaSiClbR1 (4−(a+b)) ・・・式2
(式中、R1は炭素数1以上12以下の炭化水素基であり、aとbは次の関係を満たす数である。0<a、0<b、0<a+b≦4)
で示される、少なくとも一つはSi−H結合を有する塩化珪素化合物であることが好ましい。上記式においてR1で表される炭化水素基は、脂肪族炭化水素基、脂環式炭化水素基、芳香族炭化水素基である。
【0014】
たとえば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、1−メチルエチル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、オクチル、デシル、シクロヘキシル、フェニル基等が挙げられ、炭素数1〜10のアルキル基が好ましく、メチル、エチル、プロピル、1−メチルエチル基等の炭素数1〜3のアルキル基が特に好ましい。また、aおよびbはa+b≦4の関係を満たす0より大きな数であり、bが2または3であることが特に好ましい。
【0015】
これらの化合物としては、HSiCl3、HSiCl2CH3、HSiCl2C2H5、HSiCl2C3H7、HSiCl2(1−CH3C2H5)、HSiCl2C4H9、HSiCl2C6H5、HSiCl2(4−Cl−C6H4)、HSiCl2CH=CH2、HSiCl2CH2C6H5、HSiCl2(1−C10H7)、HSiCl2CH2CH=CH2、H2SiClCH3、H2SiClC2H5、HSiCl(CH3)2、HSiCl(C2H5)2、HSiClCH3(1−CH3C2H5)、HSiClCH3(C6H5)、HSiCl(C6H5)2等が挙げられ、これらの化合物またはこれらの化合物から選ばれた二種類以上の混合物からなる塩化珪素化合物が使用される。
【0016】
塩化珪素化合物としては、トリクロロシラン、モノメチルジクロロシラン、ジメチルクロロシラン、エチルジクロロシランが好ましく、トリクロロシラン、モノメチルジクロロシランが特に好ましい。
本発明において、(A−1)を合成する際に使用される有機マグネシウム化合物は、
一般式、(M1)α(Mg)β(R2)p(R3)q(OR4)r ・・・式3
(式中、Mは周期律表第1族および第3族からなる群に属する金属原子であり、R2、R3およびR4は炭素数2以上20以下の炭化水素基であり、α、β、p、qおよびrは次の関係を満たす数である。0≦α、0<β、0≦p、0≦q、0≦r、0<p+q、0≦r/(α+β)≦2、kα+2β=p+q+r(ただし、kはM1の原子価))
で表されることが好ましい。
【0017】
この化合物は、不活性炭化水素溶媒に可溶な有機マグネシウムの錯化合物の形として示されているが、ジヒドロカルビルマグネシウム化合物およびこの化合物と他の金属化合物との錯体のすべてを包含するものである。記号α、β、p、q、rの関係式kα+2β=p+q+rは金属原子の原子価と置換基との化学量論性を示している。
上記式中R2ないしR3で表される炭化水素基は、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基またはアリール基であり、たとえば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、プロピル、ヘキシル、オクチル、デシル、シクロヘキシル、フェニル基等が挙げられ、好ましくはR2はアルキル基である。α>0の場合、金属原子M1としては、周期律表第I族ないし第III族に属する金属元素が使用でき、たとえば、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、ベリリウム、亜鉛、ホウ素、アルミニウム等が挙げられるが、アルミニウム、ホウ素、ベリリウム、亜鉛が特に好ましい。
【0018】
金属原子M1に対するマグネシウムの比β/αは、任意に設定可能であるが、好ましくは0.1〜30、特に0.5〜10の範囲が好ましい。また、α=0である或る種の有機マグネシウム化合物を用いる場合、例えば、R2が1−メチルプロピル等の場合には不活性炭化水素溶媒に可溶であり、このような化合物も本発明に好ましい結果を与える。一般式(M1)α(Mg)β(R2)p(R3)q(OR4)rにおいて、α=0の場合のR2、R3は次に示す三つの群(1)、(2)、(3)のいずれか一つであることが推奨される。
【0019】
(1)R2、R3の少なくとも一方が炭素原子数4〜6である二級または三級のアルキル基であること、好ましくはR2、R3がともに炭素原子数4〜6であり、少なくとも一方が二級または三級のアルキル基であること。
(2)R2とR3とが炭素原子数の互いに相異なるアルキル基であること、好ましくはR2が炭素原子数2または3のアルキル基であり、R3が炭素原子数4以上のアルキル基であること。
(3)R2、R3の少なくとも一方が炭素原子数6以上の炭化水素基であること、好ましくはR2、R3に含まれる炭素原子数を加算すると12以上になるアルキル基であること。
【0020】
以下これらの基を具体的に示す。(1)において炭素原子数4〜6である二級または三級のアルキル基としては、1−メチルプロピル、2−メチルプロピル、1,1−ジメチルエチル、2−メチルブチル、2−エチルプロピル、2,2−ジメチルプロピル、2−メチルペンチル、2−エチルブチル、2,2−ジメチルブチル、2−メチル−2−エチルプロピル基等が用いられ、1−メチルプロピル基が特に好ましい。次に(2)において炭素原子数2または3のアルキル基としてはエチル、1−メチルエチル、プロピル基等が挙げられ、エチル基が特に好ましい。また炭素原子数4以上のアルキル基としては、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル基等が挙げられ、ブチル、ヘキシル基が特に好ましい。
【0021】
さらに、(3)において炭素原子数6以上の炭化水素基としては、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル、フェニル、2−ナフチル基等が挙げられる。炭化水素基の中ではアルキル基が好ましく、アルキル基の中でもヘキシル、オクチル基が特に好ましい。一般に、アルキル基に含まれる炭素原子数が増えると不活性炭化水素溶媒に溶けやすくなるが、溶液の粘度が高くなるために必要以上に長鎖のアルキル基を用いることは取り扱い上好ましくない。なお、上記有機マグネシウム化合物は不活性炭化水素溶液として使用されるが、該溶液中に微量のエーテル、エステル、アミン等のルイス塩基性化合物が含有され、あるいは残存していても差し支えなく使用できる。
【0022】
次にアルコキシ基(OR4)について説明する。R4で表される炭化水素基としては、炭素原子数1以上12以下のアルキル基またはアリール基が好ましく、3以上10以下のアルキル基またはアリール基が特に好ましい。具体的には、たとえば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、1−メチルエチル、ブチル、1−メチルプロピル、1,1−ジメチルエチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、2−メチルペンチル、2−エチルブチル、2−エチルペンチル、2−エチルヘキシル、2−エチル−4−メチルペンチル、2−プロピルヘプチル、2−エチル−5−メチルオクチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル、フェニル、ナフチル基等が挙げられ、ブチル、1−メチルプロピル、2−メチルペンチルおよび2−エチルヘキシル基が特に好ましい。
【0023】
これらの有機マグネシウム化合物は、一般式R1MgXおよびR2 2Mg(R1は前述の意味であり、Xはハロゲンである)からなる群に属する有機マグネシウム化合物と、一般式M1R3 kおよびM1R3 (k−1)H(M1、R3、kは前述の意味である)からなる群に属する有機金属化合物とを不活性炭化水素溶媒中、室温〜150℃の間で反応させ、必要な場合には続いてR4で表される炭化水素基を有するアルコールまたは不活性炭化水素溶媒に可溶な上記R4で表される炭化水素基を有するアルコキシマグネシウム化合物、および/またはアルコキシアルミニウム化合物と反応させる方法により合成される。
【0024】
このうち、不活性炭化水素溶媒に可溶な有機マグネシウム化合物とアルコールとを反応させる場合、反応の順序については、有機マグネシウム化合物中にアルコールを加えていく方法、アルコール中に有機マグネシウム化合物を加えていく方法、または両者を同時に加えていく方法のいずれの方法も用いることができる。本発明において不活性炭化水素溶媒に可溶な有機マグネシウム化合物とアルコールとの反応比率については特に制限はないが、反応の結果、得られるアルコキシ基含有有機マグネシウム化合物における、全金属原子に対するアルコキシ基のモル組成比r/(α+β)の範囲は0≦r/(α+β)≦2であり、0≦r/(α+β)<1が特に好ましい。
【0025】
次に有機マグネシウム化合物と塩化珪素化合物との反応について説明する。反応に際しては塩化珪素化合物を予め反応溶媒体、たとえば、不活性炭化水素溶媒、1,2−ジクロルエタン、o−ジクロルベンゼン、ジクロルメタン等の塩素化炭化水素、もしくはジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン等のエーテル系媒体、あるいはこれらの混合媒体を用いて希釈した後利用することが好ましい。特に、触媒の性能上、不活性炭化水素溶媒が好ましい。反応の温度については特に制限されないが、反応の進行上、好ましくは塩化珪素化合物の沸点以上もしくは40℃以上で実施される。有機マグネシウム化合物と塩化珪素化合物との反応比率にも特に制限はないが、通常有機マグネシウム化合物1モルに対し、塩化珪素化合物0.01〜100モルであり、好ましくは有機マグネシウム化合物1モルに対し、塩化珪素化合物0.1〜10モルの範囲である。
【0026】
反応方法については有機マグネシウム化合物と塩化珪素化合物とを同時に反応器に導入しつつ反応させる同時添加の方法、塩化珪素化合物を事前に反応器に仕込んだ後に有機マグネシウム化合物を反応器に導入させる方法、もしくは有機マグネシウム化合物を事前に反応器に仕込んだ後に塩化珪素化合物を反応器に導入させる方法等があるが、塩化珪素化合物を事前に反応器に仕込んだ後に有機マグネシウム化合物を反応器に導入させる方法が好ましい。上記反応により得られる固体成分はろ過あるいはデカンテーション法により分離した後、不活性炭化水素溶媒を用いて充分に洗浄し、未反応物あるいは副生成物等を除去することが好ましい。
【0027】
有機マグネシウム化合物と塩化珪素化合物との反応を固体の存在下に行うこともできる。この固体は無機固体、有機固体のいずれでもよいが、無機固体を用いるほうが好ましい。無機固体として、下記のものが挙げられる。
(i)無機酸化物
(ii)無機炭酸塩、珪酸塩、硫酸塩
(iii)無機水酸化物
(iv)無機ハロゲン化物
(v)(i)〜(iv)なる複塩、固溶体ないし混合物
【0028】
無機固体の具体例としては、シリカ、アルミナ、シリカ・アルミナ、水和アルミナ、マグネシア、トリア、チタニア、ジルコニア、リン酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、硫酸カルシウム、珪酸マグネシウム、マグネシウム・カルシウム、アルミニウムシリケート[(Mg・Ca)O・Al2O3・5SiO2・nH2O]、珪酸カリウム・アルミニウム[K2O・3Al2O3・6SiO2・2H2O]、珪酸マグネシウム鉄[(Mg・Fe)2SiO4]、珪酸アルミニウム[Al2O3・SiO2]、炭酸カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、よう化マグネシウム等が挙げられるが、特に好ましくは、シリカ、シリカ・アルミナないし塩化マグネシウムが好ましい。無機固体の比表面積は、好ましくは20m2/g以上特に好ましくは90m2/g以上である。
【0029】
次に(A−2)について説明する。(A−2)としては炭素数1以上20以下の飽和又は不飽和のアルコールが好ましい。このようなアルコールとしては、メタノール、エタノール、1−プロパノール、2−プロパノール、1−ブタノール、2−ブタノール、1−ペンタノール、1−ヘキサノール、1−ヘプタノール、1−オクタノール、2−エチル−1−ヘキサノール、シクロヘキサノール、フェノール、クレゾール等が挙げられ、炭素数3〜8の直鎖アルコールが特に好ましい。これらのアルコールを混合して使用することも可能である。
【0030】
(A−2)の使用量は、固体(A−1)中に含まれるマグネシウム原子に対するモル比で0より大きく10以下であることが好ましく、0.05以上5以下がさらに好ましく、0.1以上3以下がさらに好ましい。(A−1)と(A−2)との反応は、不活性炭化水素溶媒の存在下または非存在下において行う。反応時の温度は特に制限はないが、室温〜200℃の間で実施されることが好ましい。本発明においては、(A−2)を反応させた後、さらに(A−3)有機金属化合物を反応させることが好ましい。
【0031】
この(A−3)は、
一般式、M2R5 sQ(t−s) ・・・式4
(式中M2は周期律表第I〜III族に属する金属原子、R5は炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であり、QはOR6、OSiR7R8R9、NR10R11、SR12およびハロゲンからなる群に属する基を表し、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12は水素原子または炭化水素基であり、sは0より大きな実数であり、tはM2の原子価である)
で表されるものが好ましい。
【0032】
M2は周期律表第I〜III族に属する金属原子であり、たとえば、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、ベリリウム、マグネシウム、ホウ素、アルミニウム等が挙げられるが、マグネシウム、ホウ素、アルミニウムが特に好ましい。R5で表される炭化水素基はアルキル基、シクロアルキル基またはアリール基であり、たとえば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、オクチル、デシル、シクロヘキシル、フェニル基等が挙げられ、好ましくはアルキル基である。QはOR6、OSiR7R8R9、NR10R11、SR12およびハロゲンからなる群に属する基を表し、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12は水素原子または炭化水素基であり、Qがハロゲンであることが特に好ましい。
【0033】
これらの例としては、メチルリチウム、ブチルリチウム、メチルマグネシウムクロリド、メチルマグネシウムブロミド、メチルマグネシウムアイオダイド、エチルマグネシウムクロリド、エチルマグネシウムブロミド、エチルマグネシウムアイオダイド、ブチルマグネシウムクロリド、ブチルマグネシウムブロミド、ブチルマグネシウムアイオダイド、ジブチルマグネシウム、ジヘキシルマグネシウム、トリエチルホウ素、トリメチルアルミニウム、ジメチルアルミニウムブロミド、
ジメチルアルミニウムクロリド、ジメチルアルミニウムメトキシド、メチルアルミニウムジクロリド、メチルアルミニウムセスキクロリド、トリエチルアルミニウム、ジエチルアルミニウムクロリド、ジエチルアルミニウムブロミド、ジエチルアルミニウムエトキシド、エチルアルミニウムジクロリド、エチルアルミニウムセスキクロリド、トリプロピルアルミニウム、トリブチルアルミニウム、トリ(2−メチルプロピル)アルミニウム、トリヘキシルアルミニウム、トリオクチルアルミニウム、トリデシルアルミニウム等が挙げられ、有機アルミニウム化合物が特に好ましい。
【0034】
これらの化合物を混合して使用することも可能である。
(A−3)の使用量は、(A−2)に対するモル比で、0.01倍以上20倍以下であることが好ましく、0.1倍以上10以下であることがさらに好ましい。また、(A−3)の使用量は、(A−1)に含まれるマグネシウム原子に対するモル比で0.01倍以上20倍以下であることが好ましく、0.05倍以上10倍以下であることがさらに好ましい。反応の温度については特に制限はないが、室温から反応媒体の沸点未満の範囲が好ましい。
【0035】
次に、(A−4)有機金属化合物について説明する。(A−4)は前述の
一般式、M2R5 sQ(t−s) ・・・式4
(式中M2は周期律表第I〜III族に属する金属原子、R5は炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であり、QはOR6、OSiR7R8R9、NR10R11、SR12およびハロゲンからなる群に属する基を表し、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12は水素原子または炭化水素基であり、sは0より大きな実数であり、tはM2の原子価である)
で表されるものが好ましく、(A−3)と(A−4)とは同一でもよいし異なっていてもよい。(A−4)の総使用量は固体成分に含まれるマグネシウムに対するモル比で0.01以上20以下が好ましく、0.05以上10以下が特に好ましい。(A−4)の一回目の反応は、総量に対するモル比で0.05以上0.5以下であることが好ましく、0.1以上0.4以下であることが特に好ましい。反応温度については、特に制限はないが、室温ないし150℃の範囲で行うことが好ましい。
【0036】
次に、(A−5)チタン化合物について説明する。(A−5)としては、
一般式、Ti(OR21)uX(4−u) ・・・式5
(式中、uは0以上4以下の実数であり、R21は炭化水素基である。)
で表されるチタン化合物が好ましい。R21で表される炭化水素基としては、メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、2−エチルヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、デシル、アリル基等の脂肪族炭化水素基、シクロヘキシル、2−メチルシクロヘキシル、シクロペンチル基等の脂環式炭化水素基、フェニル、ナフチル基等の芳香族炭化水素基等が挙げられるが、脂肪族炭化水素基が好ましい。Xで表されるハロゲンとしては、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素が挙げられるが、塩素が好ましい。
【0037】
上記から選ばれた(A−5)を、2種以上混合して使用することが可能である。
(A−5)の使用総量は固体成分に含まれるマグネシウム原子に対するモル比で0.01以上20以下が好ましく、0.05以上10以下が特に好ましい。(A−5)の一回目の反応は、総量に対するモル比で0.05以上0.5以下であることが好ましく、0.1以上0.4以下であることが特に好ましい。反応温度については、特に制限はないが、室温ないし150℃の範囲で行うことが好ましい。
【0038】
(A−4)と(A−5)の添加順序としては、(A−4)に続いて(A−5)を加える、(A−5)に続いて(A−4)を加える、(A−4)と(A−5)とを同時に添加するのいずれの方法も可能であるが、(A−4)に続いて(A−5)を加えることが好ましい。すなわち、(A−5)を二回以上添加する場合は、例えば、(A−4)の添加に続いた(A−5)の添加を所定回数繰り返すことが好ましい。(A−4)に対する(A−5)のモル比は、好ましくは0.1〜10、特に好ましくは0.5〜5である。(A−4)と(A−5)との反応は不活性炭化水素溶媒中で行われるが、ヘキサン、ヘプタン等の脂肪族炭化水素溶媒を用いることが好ましい。
【0039】
本発明で使用する有機アルミニウム化合物は下記一般式1で示される。
一般式 RmAlH(3−m) ・・・式1
(式中、Rは炭素数1以上12以下の炭化水素基であり、mは0.01以上2以下の実数である。)
Rの例としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、2−メチルプロピル基、ペンチル基、3−メチルブチル基、ヘキシル基、オクチル基、デシル基、フェニル基、トリル基等が挙げられ、中でもエチル基、2−メチルプロピル基が特に好ましい。これらの炭化水素基は二種類以上含まれていても良い。mは0.05以上1.5以下であることが好ましく、0.1以上1.2以下であることが特に好ましい。
【0040】
Al−H結合はAl−C結合よりも含酸素化合物との反応性が高いため、迅速に系内の含酸素化合物と反応することにより、含酸素化合物が直接オレフィン重合用触媒の活性点に配位して失活させる反応を阻害していると考えられる。なお、Al−H結合を有する有機アルミニウム化合物と含酸素化合物との反応は、例えばJ.Weidlein,J.Orgnometal.Chem.,16,33(1969)、K.Ziegler,et al.,Justus Liebigs Ann.Chem.,629,215(1960),等に記載されている。
【0041】
一般に、含酸素化合物によりオレフィン重合用触媒の活性が低下した場合には、製造されるポリオレフィンの分子量分布が狭くなることが知られている。しかし、驚くべきことには、本発明で使用する有機アルミニウム化合物を使用することにより、オレフィン重合用触媒の高い活性が維持されるだけでなく、分子量分布までもが維持される。
また、二酸化炭素が原料オレフィン中に含まれた場合、トリアルキルアルミニウム化合物を使用すると、以下に示す反応機構で脂肪酸が生成するものと考えられている。
【0042】
R3Al+CO2→RCOOAlR2
RCOOAlR2+3H2O→RCOOH+Al(OH)3+2RH
ここでRがイソブチル基の場合、悪臭物質であるイソ吉草酸が生成するため、たとえオレフィン中の二酸化炭素濃度が、数モルppm以下であっても、不快臭を発するポリオレフィンが製造される可能性がある。またRがイソブチル基以外の場合でも、オレフィン中の二酸化炭素の含量が多くなると、相当する脂肪酸の生成量が増加するため、不快臭を発するポリオレフィンが製造される可能性がある。
【0043】
本発明で使用する有機アルミニウム化合物を使用することにより、以下に示す反応機構でぎ酸が生成するため、たとえオレフィン中の二酸化炭素濃度が数モルppm以上であっても、臭気の低減に効果があると考えられる。
R2AlH+CO2→HCOOAlR2
HCOOAlR2+3H2O→HCOOH+Al(OH)3+2RH
本発明で用いられる有機アルミニウム化合物の使用量は、遷移金属含有触媒成分中の遷移金属に対してモル比で1以上10,000以下であり、モル比で5以上1000以下であることが好ましい。また、該有機アルミニウム化合物の使用量は、オレフィン中の二酸化炭素に対する有機アルミニウム化合物中のAl−H結合がモル比で1以上であり、モル比で2以上であることが好ましい。
【0044】
次に本発明で使用されるオレフィンについて説明する。
本発明で使用されるオレフィンとは、含酸素化合物を0.01〜100モルppm含むオレフィンであり、オレフィンとしては、例えば、エチレン、プロピレン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、4−メチル−1−ペンテン、1−オクテン、1−デセン、1−ドデセン、1−テトラデセン、1−ヘキサデセン、1−オクタデセン、1−エイコセン、シクロペンテン、シクロヘキセン、シクロヘプテン、ノルボルネン、5−メチル−2−ノルボルネン、テトラシクロドデセン、2−メチル−1.4,5.8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、スチレン、ビニルシクロヘキサン、1,3−ブタジエン、1,4−ペンタジエン、1,5−ヘキサジエン、1,4−ヘキサジエン、1,7−オクタジエン及びシクロヘキサジエン等が挙げられる。
【0045】
本発明において、ポリオレフィンの製造方法に特に制限はなく、一般に用いられている溶液法、高圧法、高圧バルク法、ガス法、スラリー法のいずれの製造方法にも適用できる。また、水素等を用いて平均分子量を調節したり、2個以上の反応機を直列および/あるいは並列に繋ぎ込むことによって分子量分布、側鎖分布等を制御することも可能である。
例えば、重合圧力はゲージ圧として0.1MPa以上200MPa以下であり、重合温度は25℃以上250℃以下であり、溶媒としてプロパン、ブタン、イソブタン、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン等を用いるものも含まれる。
【0046】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、実施例などに基づき、本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。
実施例中の触媒活性とは、遷移金属触媒成分1g、一時間当たりのポリマー生成量(g)を表す。ポリマーのメルトインデックス(MI)は、ASTM−D1238に従い、温度190℃、荷重2.16kgで測定した。HMIは上記MIの測定において、荷重を21.6kgとして測定した値である。MIRとは、上記HMIの値をMIで除することにより得られた値であり、分子量分布の尺度である。MIRが小さいことは分子量分布が狭いことを表している。
【0047】
【実施例1】
(1)遷移金属触媒成分の調製
充分に窒素置換された3Lの反応器に、ヘプタンを用いて2.0モル/リットルに希釈したトリクロロシランを0.6リットルを入れた。ここに、撹拌しながら60℃に保ち、一般式2で示される有機マグネシウム化合物の1.0モル/リットル(マグネシウム換算)ヘプタン溶液1.0リットルを1時間かけて添加した。添加後、撹拌しながら1時間反応を継続した。反応終了後、室温まで冷却し、上澄み液を除去し、ヘキサン1リットルで2回洗浄して反応生成物である白色固体スラリーを得た。この固体を分離・乾燥した結果、固体1gあたりにマグネシウムを7.6ミリモル含有していた。
【0048】
この固体を10g含有するスラリーにブタノールの1モル/リットルヘキサン溶液18ミリリットルを撹拌しながら50℃で添加した。撹拌しながら1時間反応を継続した。反応終了後、上澄み液を除去し、200ミリリットルのヘキサンで1回洗浄した。
このスラリーにジエチルアルミニウムクロリドの1モル/リットルヘキサン溶液30ミリリットルを撹拌しながら50℃で添加した。撹拌しながら1時間反応を継続した。反応終了後、上澄み液を除去し、200ミリリットルのヘキサンで1回洗浄した。
このスラリーにジエチルアルミニウムクロリドの1モル/リットルヘキサン溶液を4ミリリットルおよび四塩化チタンの1モル/リットルヘキサン溶液4ミリリットルを撹拌しながら50℃で添加した。撹拌しながら2時間反応を継続した。反応終了後、上澄みを除去し、200ミリリットルのヘキサンで4回洗浄した。この固体触媒には2.4重量%のチタンが含まれていた。
【0049】
(2)重合
ジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド0.4ミリモルを脱水脱酸素したヘキサン0.8lとともに、内部を真空脱気し窒素置換した内容積1.5lのオートクレーブに入れた。次いで、オートクレーブの内部を80℃に保ち、水素をオートクレーブの内圧が0.3MPa上昇するまで添加し、エチレンを添加して全圧を0.98MPaとした。次いで、0.01ミリモルのアセトンを添加した。エチレンに対してアセトンは約10モルppmであった。この後、遷移金属触媒成分10mgを添加することにより重合を開始した。エチレンを補給することにより全圧を0.98MPaに保ちつつ30分間重合を行った。この重合により得られたポリマーの収量、触媒あたりの活性、得られたポリマーのMI、HMIおよびMIRの値を表1に示す。
【0050】
【実施例2】
重合時にアセトンのかわりに二酸化炭素を使用した以外は実施例1と同様な方法で重合を行った。重合終了後、反応器を開放したところイソ吉草酸の臭気がしなかった。この重合により得られたポリマーの収量、触媒あたりの活性、得られたポリマーのMI、HMIおよびMIRの値を表1に示す。
【0051】
【比較例1】
重合時にトリイソブチルアルミニウム0.4ミリモルを使用した以外は実施例1と同様な方法で重合を行った。この重合により得られたポリマーの収量、触媒あたりの活性、得られたポリマーのMI、HMIおよびMIRの値を表1に示す。
【0052】
【比較例2】
重合時にアセトンのかわりに二酸化炭素を使用した以外は実施例2と同様な方法で重合を行った。重合終了後、反応器を開放したところイソ吉草酸の臭気がした。この重合により得られたポリマーの収量、触媒あたりの活性、得られたポリマーのMI、HMIおよびMIRの値を表1に示す。
この表1より、本発明のオレフィン重合用触媒を用いることにより、含酸素化合物を含有するα−オレフィンを重合するにあたり、活性が高く、分子量分布が広いことが明らかである。
【0053】
【表1】
【0054】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、オレフィンに含酸素化合物が混入した場合において、活性が高く、分子量分布が広いオレフィン重合用触媒、ポリオレフィンの製造方法およびポリオレフィン組成物を提供するものである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an olefin polymerization catalyst and a method for producing a polyolefin. More specifically, when an olefin containing 0.01 to 100 mol ppm of an oxygen-containing compound is polymerized as compared with a conventionally known method, the activity per catalyst is very high and the molecular weight distribution of the produced polyolefin And a method for producing a polyolefin.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In olefin polymerization catalysts, the increase in polymerization activity is very important. Previously, the activity was low, so that a step for removing the residual catalyst was required. However, this step is no longer necessary because the technology using a magnesium chloride carrier has become common. However, there is still a strong demand for high activation.
When the activity is low, the content of the acidic substance in the polyolefin increases. For example, as described on page 76 of New Development of Polymer Additives (Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun), the content of acidic substances greatly affects the thermal stability of polyolefins. Thermal stability deteriorates significantly. The acidic substance also affects the molding machine, and when the content of acidic chlorine is high, corrosion of the molding machine is promoted.
[0003]
Therefore, when the activity per titanium of the catalyst is low, there are problems such as thermal stability of the produced polyolefin and corrosion of the molding machine. In order to solve this, there is a method of adding a metal soap such as calcium stearate.However, since a large amount of a metal soap needs to be added, the blow grade deteriorates the pinch-off fusing property and causes problems such as eye burns. was there.
There is a clear correlation between the oxygen-containing compound contained in the olefin and the activity of the olefin polymerization catalyst, and the activity decreases as the content of the oxygen-containing compound increases. It is considered that the reason is that the polymerization active site is deactivated by the coordination of the lone pair of the oxygen-containing compound at the polymerization active site.
[0004]
It is also known that, at the same time as the catalytic activity decreases, the molecular weight distribution of the produced polyolefin narrows, so that the moldability deteriorates.
At present, the concentration of oxygen-containing compounds in olefins is strictly controlled to prevent these phenomena from occurring. However, there has been a problem that the malfunction of the control system directly affects the quality of the produced polyolefin.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above prior art, and when an oxygen-containing compound is mixed into an olefin, the activity is high, the catalyst for olefin polymerization has a wide molecular weight distribution, a method for producing a polyolefin, and a polyolefin composition. The task is to provide things.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to improve the disadvantages of the prior art, and as a result, when producing a polyolefin using an olefin containing a specific amount of an oxygen-containing compound, a transition metal-containing catalyst component and a specific organoaluminum compound The present inventors have found that the use of a catalyst for olefin polymerization comprising high polymerization activity has led to the achievement of the present invention.
[0007]
That is, the present invention
1) A catalyst used for producing a polyolefin by polymerizing an olefin containing at least 0.01 mol ppm and not more than 100 mol ppm of an oxygen-containing compound, the catalyst comprising a transition metal-containing catalyst component and the following general formula 1 A catalyst for olefin polymerization, comprising an organoaluminum compound represented by the formula:
General formula RmAlH(3-m)・ ・ ・ Equation 1
(In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and m is a real number of 0.01 to 2).
2) << When polymerizing an α-olefin containing 0.01 mol ppm or more and 100 mol ppm or less of an oxygen-containing compound using the catalyst for olefin polymerization described in 1) above, the Al-H bond contained in the organoaluminum compound is removed. A method for producing a polyolefin, characterized in that it is used in an equimolar amount or more with respect to an oxygen-containing compound.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The oxygen-containing compound in the present invention is a compound containing one or more oxygen. The oxygen-containing compound is mixed in by a side reaction with water or the like added as a diluent in a process of producing an olefin mainly by cracking naphtha. Examples of oxygenates include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid, ethanol, 1,2-ethanediol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-propanone, 2-propanone, propion Acids and the like. In particular, in order to separate each olefin fraction, in a step of performing purification using a separation device such as a distillation column, carbon monoxide and other oxygen-containing compounds are sufficiently removed together with methane and the like, but carbon dioxide is removed. It is difficult to sufficiently remove the olefin, and the olefin usually contains carbon dioxide in an amount of about several mol to several hundred mol ppm.
[0009]
The transition metal contained in the transition metal-containing catalyst component used in the present invention includes titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel and the like, for example, titanium trichloride, titanium tetrachloride, Zirconocene chloride, vanadium chloride, chromium oxide and the like can be mentioned.
Examples of the method for producing the transition metal-containing catalyst component include a method of reducing titanium tetrachloride to titanium trichloride by a reducing substance such as organoaluminum, a method of treating an organic chromium compound at a high temperature and calcining it to chromium oxide, and a method of using zirconium chloride. A method of reacting with a ligand compound such as cyclopentadiene to form a complex compound is exemplified.
[0010]
Further, these transition metal-containing catalyst components may be those supported on a fine particle carrier such as magnesium chloride, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, and polyolefin fine powder.
Preferred catalyst components containing a transition metal compound used in the present invention include (A-1) a carrier, (A-2) an alcohol, (A-3) an organometallic compound, (A-4) an organometallic compound, and (A-5). ) It is preferably made of a titanium compound.
This transition metal compound-containing catalyst component is obtained by reacting (A-1) with (A-2), further reacting (A-3), and further reacting (A-4) and (A-5) a predetermined number of times. It is preferably prepared by reacting
[0011]
(A-1) As the carrier, any of an inorganic solid and an organic solid can be used, but an inorganic solid is preferably used. Examples of the inorganic solid include the following.
(I) Inorganic oxide
(Ii) inorganic carbonates, silicates, sulfates
(Iii) Inorganic hydroxide
(Iv) Inorganic halide
(V) Double salts, solid solutions or mixtures of (i) to (iv)
[0012]
Specific examples of the carrier include silica, alumina, silica alumina, hydrated alumina, magnesia, thoria, titania, zirconia, calcium phosphate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium silicate, magnesium calcium, aluminum silicate [(MgCa) O・ Al2O3・ 5SiO2・ NH2O], potassium aluminum silicate [K2O.3Al2O3・ 6SiO2・ 2H2O], magnesium iron silicate [(Mg • Fe)2SiO4], Aluminum silicate [Al2O3・ SiO2], Calcium carbonate, magnesium chloride, magnesium iodide and the like, with silica, silica-alumina or magnesium chloride being particularly preferred. The specific surface area of the carrier is preferably 20 m2/ G or more, particularly preferably 90 m2/ G or more.
[0013]
(A-1) which is a carrier of the catalyst is preferably synthesized by a reaction between an organic magnesium compound soluble in an inert hydrocarbon solvent and a chlorinating agent.
Examples of the inert hydrocarbon solvent in the present invention include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, and heptane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene; and alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane.
In the present invention, the chlorinating agent used when synthesizing (A-1) is
General formula HaSiClbR1 (4- (a + b))・ ・ ・ Equation 2
(Where R1Is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and a and b are numbers satisfying the following relationship. 0 <a, 0 <b, 0 <a + b ≦ 4)
Preferably, at least one is a silicon chloride compound having a Si—H bond. In the above formula, R1Are an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
[0014]
For example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl group, etc. are preferable, and an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable, and methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1 An alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as -methylethyl group is particularly preferred. A and b are numbers larger than 0 that satisfy the relationship of a + b ≦ 4, and b is particularly preferably 2 or 3.
[0015]
These compounds include HSiCl3, HSiCl2CH3, HSiCl2C2H5, HSiCl2C3H7, HSiCl2(1-CH3C2H5), HSiCl2C4H9, HSiCl2C6H5, HSiCl2(4-Cl-C6H4), HSiCl2CH = CH2, HSiCl2CH2C6H5, HSiCl2(1-C10H7), HSiCl2CH2CH = CH2, H2SiClCH3, H2SiClC2H5, HSiCl (CH3)2, HSiCl (C2H5)2, HSiClCH3(1-CH3C2H5), HSiClCH3(C6H5), HSiCl (C6H5)2And the like, and a silicon chloride compound composed of these compounds or a mixture of two or more kinds selected from these compounds is used.
[0016]
As the silicon chloride compound, trichlorosilane, monomethyldichlorosilane, dimethylchlorosilane, and ethyldichlorosilane are preferable, and trichlorosilane and monomethyldichlorosilane are particularly preferable.
In the present invention, the organomagnesium compound used when synthesizing (A-1) is
General formula, (M1)α(Mg)β(R2)p(R3)q(OR4)r・ ・ ・ Equation 3
(Wherein M is a metal atom belonging to the group consisting of Groups 1 and 3 of the periodic table, and R2, R3And R4Is a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and α, β, p, q and r are numbers satisfying the following relationship. 0 ≦ α, 0 <β, 0 ≦ p, 0 ≦ q, 0 ≦ r, 0 <p + q, 0 ≦ r / (α + β) ≦ 2, kα + 2β = p + q + r (where k is M1Valence))
Is preferably represented by
[0017]
This compound is shown in the form of a complex of organomagnesium which is soluble in an inert hydrocarbon solvent, but encompasses all dihydrocarbylmagnesium compounds and complexes of this compound with other metal compounds. . The relational expression kα + 2β = p + q + r between the symbols α, β, p, q, and r indicates the stoichiometry of the valence of the metal atom and the substituent.
R in the above formula2Or R3Is an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, propyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl group and the like, preferably R2Is an alkyl group. If α> 0, the metal atom M1As the metal element, a metal element belonging to Group I to Group III of the periodic table can be used, and examples thereof include lithium, sodium, potassium, beryllium, zinc, boron, and aluminum. Particularly preferred.
[0018]
Metal atom M1The ratio of magnesium to β / α can be arbitrarily set, but is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 30, particularly preferably 0.5 to 10. When a certain kind of organomagnesium compound in which α = 0 is used, for example, R2Is soluble in an inert hydrocarbon solvent when such is 1-methylpropyl or the like, and such a compound also gives a preferable result in the present invention. The general formula (M1)α(Mg)β(R2)p(R3)q(OR4)rIn the case of α = 0, R2, R3Is recommended to be one of the following three groups (1), (2) and (3).
[0019]
(1) R2, R3Is a secondary or tertiary alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably R2, R3Have 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and at least one is a secondary or tertiary alkyl group.
(2) R2And R3Are alkyl groups having different numbers of carbon atoms, preferably R2Is an alkyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, and R3Is an alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms.
(3) R2, R3At least one is a hydrocarbon group having 6 or more carbon atoms, preferably R2, R3Is an alkyl group which becomes 12 or more when the number of carbon atoms contained in is added.
[0020]
Hereinafter, these groups are specifically shown. In (1), the secondary or tertiary alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms includes 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, 2-methylbutyl, 2-ethylpropyl, , 2-dimethylpropyl, 2-methylpentyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2-methyl-2-ethylpropyl, and the like, with 1-methylpropyl being particularly preferred. Next, in (2), examples of the alkyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms include ethyl, 1-methylethyl, and propyl groups, and an ethyl group is particularly preferable. Examples of the alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms include butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and the like, with butyl and hexyl being particularly preferred.
[0021]
Furthermore, in (3), examples of the hydrocarbon group having 6 or more carbon atoms include hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, phenyl, and 2-naphthyl groups. Among hydrocarbon groups, alkyl groups are preferable, and among the alkyl groups, hexyl and octyl groups are particularly preferable. In general, when the number of carbon atoms contained in the alkyl group increases, the alkyl group is easily dissolved in an inert hydrocarbon solvent. However, it is not preferable in terms of handling to use an alkyl group having a longer chain than necessary because the viscosity of the solution increases. The above-mentioned organomagnesium compound is used as an inert hydrocarbon solution. A small amount of Lewis basic compound such as ether, ester, amine or the like may be contained in the solution or may be used without any problem.
[0022]
Next, an alkoxy group (OR4) Will be described. R4As the hydrocarbon group represented by, an alkyl group or an aryl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, and an alkyl group or an aryl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms is particularly preferable. Specifically, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, pentyl, hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylpentyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-ethyl-4-methylpentyl, 2-propylheptyl, 2-ethyl-5-methyloctyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, phenyl, naphthyl, etc., and butyl, 1-methylpropyl, -Methylpentyl and 2-ethylhexyl groups are particularly preferred.
[0023]
These organomagnesium compounds have the general formula R1MgX and R2 2Mg (R1Has the meaning described above, and X is a halogen), and an organomagnesium compound belonging to the general formula M1R3 kAnd M1R3 (K-1)H (M1, R3, K are as defined above) with an organometallic compound belonging to the group consisting of: in an inert hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature between room temperature and 150 ° C.4R which is soluble in an alcohol having a hydrocarbon group or an inert hydrocarbon solvent represented by4It is synthesized by a method of reacting with an alkoxymagnesium compound having a hydrocarbon group represented by and / or an alkoxyaluminum compound.
[0024]
Of these, when reacting an organic magnesium compound soluble in an inert hydrocarbon solvent with an alcohol, regarding the order of the reaction, the method of adding the alcohol to the organic magnesium compound, the method of adding the organic magnesium compound to the alcohol Any of the following methods can be used. In the present invention, the reaction ratio of the organic magnesium compound soluble in the inert hydrocarbon solvent and the alcohol is not particularly limited, but as a result of the reaction, in the alkoxy group-containing organic magnesium compound obtained, the alkoxy group to the total metal atom of the alkoxy group The range of the molar composition ratio r / (α + β) is 0 ≦ r / (α + β) ≦ 2, and 0 ≦ r / (α + β) <1 is particularly preferable.
[0025]
Next, the reaction between the organomagnesium compound and the silicon chloride compound will be described. In the reaction, the silicon chloride compound is previously reacted with a reaction solvent such as an inert hydrocarbon solvent, a chlorinated hydrocarbon such as 1,2-dichloroethane, o-dichlorobenzene, or dichloromethane, or an ether medium such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran. Alternatively, it is preferable to use after diluting with a mixed medium thereof. In particular, an inert hydrocarbon solvent is preferable in terms of the performance of the catalyst. Although the temperature of the reaction is not particularly limited, the reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the silicon chloride compound or higher than 40 ° C. in the course of the reaction. The reaction ratio between the organomagnesium compound and the silicon chloride compound is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.01 to 100 mol per 1 mol of the organic magnesium compound, preferably 1 mol per 1 mol of the organic magnesium compound. The range is from 0.1 to 10 mol of the silicon chloride compound.
[0026]
Regarding the reaction method, a method of simultaneous addition in which the organomagnesium compound and the silicon chloride compound are reacted simultaneously while being introduced into the reactor, a method of introducing the organomagnesium compound into the reactor after charging the silicon chloride compound in the reactor in advance, Alternatively, there is a method of introducing an organomagnesium compound into a reactor in advance and then introducing a silicon chloride compound into the reactor. However, a method of introducing an organomagnesium compound into the reactor after charging the silicon chloride compound in the reactor in advance. Is preferred. The solid component obtained by the above reaction is preferably separated by filtration or decantation, and then sufficiently washed with an inert hydrocarbon solvent to remove unreacted products, by-products, and the like.
[0027]
The reaction between the organomagnesium compound and the silicon chloride compound can be carried out in the presence of a solid. This solid may be either an inorganic solid or an organic solid, but it is preferable to use an inorganic solid. The following are mentioned as an inorganic solid.
(I) Inorganic oxide
(Ii) inorganic carbonates, silicates, sulfates
(Iii) Inorganic hydroxide
(Iv) Inorganic halide
(V) Double salts, solid solutions or mixtures of (i) to (iv)
[0028]
Specific examples of the inorganic solid include silica, alumina, silica-alumina, hydrated alumina, magnesia, thoria, titania, zirconia, calcium phosphate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium silicate, magnesium calcium, aluminum silicate [(Mg.Ca ) O ・ Al2O3・ 5SiO2・ NH2O], potassium aluminum silicate [K2O.3Al2O3・ 6SiO2・ 2H2O], magnesium iron silicate [(Mg • Fe)2SiO4], Aluminum silicate [Al2O3・ SiO2], Calcium carbonate, magnesium chloride, magnesium iodide, etc., with silica, silica-alumina or magnesium chloride being particularly preferred. The specific surface area of the inorganic solid is preferably 20 m2/ G or more, particularly preferably 90 m2/ G or more.
[0029]
Next, (A-2) will be described. (A-2) is preferably a saturated or unsaturated alcohol having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Such alcohols include methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 2-ethyl-1- Hexanol, cyclohexanol, phenol, cresol and the like are mentioned, and a straight-chain alcohol having 3 to 8 carbon atoms is particularly preferable. It is also possible to use a mixture of these alcohols.
[0030]
The use amount of (A-2) is preferably greater than 0 and 10 or less, more preferably 0.05 or more and 5 or less, and more preferably 0.1 to 5 in terms of a molar ratio to magnesium atoms contained in the solid (A-1). More preferably, it is 3 or less. The reaction between (A-1) and (A-2) is performed in the presence or absence of an inert hydrocarbon solvent. The temperature at the time of the reaction is not particularly limited, but is preferably carried out between room temperature and 200 ° C. In the present invention, after the reaction of (A-2), it is preferable to further react the (A-3) organometallic compound.
[0031]
This (A-3)
General formula, M2R5 sQ(Ts)・ ・ ・ Equation 4
(Where M2Is a metal atom belonging to groups I to III of the periodic table, R5Is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and Q is OR6, OSiR7R8R9, NR10R11, SR12And a group belonging to the group consisting of halogen and R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12Is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, s is a real number greater than 0, and t is M2Is the valence of
Is preferably represented by
[0032]
M2Is a metal atom belonging to Groups I to III of the periodic table, and examples thereof include lithium, sodium, potassium, beryllium, magnesium, boron, and aluminum, with magnesium, boron, and aluminum being particularly preferred. R5Is an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl group, and the like. Group. Q is OR6, OSiR7R8R9, NR10R11, SR12And a group belonging to the group consisting of halogen and R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12Is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, and it is particularly preferable that Q is a halogen.
[0033]
Examples of these include methyl lithium, butyl lithium, methyl magnesium chloride, methyl magnesium bromide, methyl magnesium iodide, ethyl magnesium chloride, ethyl magnesium bromide, ethyl magnesium iodide, butyl magnesium chloride, butyl magnesium bromide, butyl magnesium iodide , Dibutyl magnesium, dihexyl magnesium, triethyl boron, trimethyl aluminum, dimethyl aluminum bromide,
Dimethylaluminum chloride, dimethylaluminum methoxide, methylaluminum dichloride, methylaluminum sesquichloride, triethylaluminum, diethylaluminum chloride, diethylaluminum bromide, diethylaluminum ethoxide, ethylaluminum dichloride, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, tripropylaluminum, tributylaluminum, Tri (2-methylpropyl) aluminum, trihexylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, tridecylaluminum and the like are mentioned, and an organoaluminum compound is particularly preferred.
[0034]
It is also possible to use a mixture of these compounds.
The amount of (A-3) to be used is preferably 0.01 times or more and 20 times or less, more preferably 0.1 times or more and 10 or less, as a molar ratio with respect to (A-2). Further, the use amount of (A-3) is preferably 0.01 times or more and 20 times or less, and more preferably 0.05 times or more and 10 times or less in terms of a molar ratio to the magnesium atom contained in (A-1). Is more preferable. The reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably in a range from room temperature to a temperature lower than the boiling point of the reaction medium.
[0035]
Next, (A-4) the organometallic compound will be described. (A-4) is the aforementioned
General formula, M2R5 sQ(Ts)・ ・ ・ Equation 4
(Where M2Is a metal atom belonging to groups I to III of the periodic table, R5Is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and Q is OR6, OSiR7R8R9, NR10R11, SR12And a group belonging to the group consisting of halogen and R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12Is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, s is a real number greater than 0, and t is M2Is the valence of
Is preferable, and (A-3) and (A-4) may be the same or different. The total amount of (A-4) used is preferably 0.01 or more and 20 or less, particularly preferably 0.05 or more and 10 or less in terms of a molar ratio with respect to magnesium contained in the solid component. The molar ratio of the first reaction (A-4) to the total amount is preferably 0.05 or more and 0.5 or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less. The reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of room temperature to 150 ° C.
[0036]
Next, the (A-5) titanium compound will be described. (A-5)
General formula, Ti (OR21)uX(4-u)・ ・ ・ Equation 5
(Where, u is a real number from 0 to 4;21Is a hydrocarbon group. )
Are preferred. R21Examples of the hydrocarbon group represented by are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, heptyl, octyl, decyl, aliphatic hydrocarbon groups such as allyl, cyclohexyl, 2-methylcyclohexyl, cyclopentyl Examples thereof include an alicyclic hydrocarbon group such as a group, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl and naphthyl group, and an aliphatic hydrocarbon group is preferable. Examples of the halogen represented by X include chlorine, bromine and iodine, and chlorine is preferable.
[0037]
(A-5) selected from the above can be used as a mixture of two or more kinds.
The total amount of (A-5) used is preferably 0.01 or more and 20 or less, and particularly preferably 0.05 or more and 10 or less in terms of molar ratio to magnesium atoms contained in the solid component. The molar ratio of the first reaction (A-5) to the total amount is preferably 0.05 or more and 0.5 or less, particularly preferably 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less. The reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of room temperature to 150 ° C.
[0038]
(A-4) and (A-5) are added in the order of (A-4) followed by (A-5), (A-5) followed by (A-4), Any method of simultaneously adding (A-4) and (A-5) is possible, but (A-5) is preferably added after (A-4). That is, when (A-5) is added twice or more, for example, it is preferable to repeat the addition of (A-5) after the addition of (A-4) a predetermined number of times. The molar ratio of (A-5) to (A-4) is preferably from 0.1 to 10, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 5. The reaction between (A-4) and (A-5) is performed in an inert hydrocarbon solvent, but it is preferable to use an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent such as hexane and heptane.
[0039]
The organoaluminum compound used in the present invention is represented by the following general formula 1.
General formula RmAlH(3-m)・ ・ ・ Equation 1
(In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and m is a real number of 0.01 to 2).
Examples of R include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, 2-methylpropyl, pentyl, 3-methylbutyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, phenyl, tolyl, and the like. Among them, an ethyl group and a 2-methylpropyl group are particularly preferable. Two or more of these hydrocarbon groups may be contained. m is preferably 0.05 or more and 1.5 or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 or more and 1.2 or less.
[0040]
Since the Al—H bond has higher reactivity with the oxygen-containing compound than the Al—C bond, it reacts quickly with the oxygen-containing compound in the system, so that the oxygen-containing compound is directly located at the active site of the olefin polymerization catalyst. It is considered that the reaction of quenching and inactivating is inhibited. The reaction between an organoaluminum compound having an Al-H bond and an oxygen-containing compound is described, for example, in J. Am. Weidlein, J.M. Organometal. Chem. , 16, 33 (1969); Ziegler, et al. , Justus @ Liebigs @ Ann. Chem. , 629, 215 (1960).
[0041]
It is generally known that when the activity of an olefin polymerization catalyst is reduced by an oxygen-containing compound, the molecular weight distribution of the produced polyolefin becomes narrow. However, surprisingly, by using the organoaluminum compound used in the present invention, not only the high activity of the catalyst for olefin polymerization is maintained, but also the molecular weight distribution is maintained.
Further, when carbon dioxide is contained in the raw material olefin, it is considered that when a trialkylaluminum compound is used, a fatty acid is generated by the following reaction mechanism.
[0042]
R3Al + CO2→ RCOOAlR2
RCOOAlR2+ 3H2O → RCOOH + Al (OH)3+ 2RH
Here, when R is an isobutyl group, a malodorous substance isovaleric acid is generated, so that even if the concentration of carbon dioxide in the olefin is several mol ppm or less, a polyolefin that emits an unpleasant odor may be produced. There is. Further, even when R is other than an isobutyl group, when the content of carbon dioxide in the olefin increases, the amount of the corresponding fatty acid produced increases, and thus a polyolefin emitting an unpleasant odor may be produced.
[0043]
By using the organoaluminum compound used in the present invention, formic acid is generated by the following reaction mechanism, even if the concentration of carbon dioxide in the olefin is several mol ppm or more, it is effective in reducing odor. It is believed that there is.
R2AlH + CO2→ HCOOAlR2
HCOOAlR2+ 3H2O → HCOOH + Al (OH)3+ 2RH
The amount of the organoaluminum compound used in the present invention is 1 to 10,000 in terms of molar ratio with respect to the transition metal in the transition metal-containing catalyst component, and preferably 5 to 1,000 in molar ratio. The amount of the organoaluminum compound used is such that the molar ratio of Al—H bonds in the organoaluminum compound to carbon dioxide in the olefin is 1 or more, preferably 2 or more.
[0044]
Next, the olefin used in the present invention will be described.
The olefin used in the present invention is an olefin containing an oxygen-containing compound in an amount of 0.01 to 100 ppm by mole. Examples of the olefin include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, and 4-olefin. Methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-eicosene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene, norbornene, 5-methyl-2-norbornene, Tetracyclododecene, 2-methyl-1.4,5.8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, styrene, vinylcyclohexane, 1,3-butadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,7-octa Ene and cyclohexadiene, and the like.
[0045]
In the present invention, the method for producing the polyolefin is not particularly limited, and the present invention can be applied to any of the generally used production methods such as a solution method, a high-pressure method, a high-pressure bulk method, a gas method, and a slurry method. It is also possible to control the average molecular weight using hydrogen or the like, or to control the molecular weight distribution, side chain distribution, and the like by connecting two or more reactors in series and / or in parallel.
For example, the polymerization pressure is 0.1 MPa or more and 200 MPa or less as a gauge pressure, the polymerization temperature is 25 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less, and those using propane, butane, isobutane, hexane, cyclohexane, or the like as a solvent are also included.
[0046]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically based on examples and the like.
The term "catalytic activity" in the examples means 1 g of the transition metal catalyst component and the amount of polymer produced per hour (g). The melt index (MI) of the polymer was measured at a temperature of 190 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kg according to ASTM-D1238. HMI is a value measured by setting the load to 21.6 kg in the measurement of MI. The MIR is a value obtained by dividing the value of the HMI by the MI, and is a measure of the molecular weight distribution. A small MIR indicates that the molecular weight distribution is narrow.
[0047]
Embodiment 1
(1) Preparation of transition metal catalyst component
0.6 L of trichlorosilane diluted to 2.0 mol / L with heptane was charged into a 3 L reactor sufficiently purged with nitrogen. While maintaining the temperature at 60 ° C. while stirring, 1.0 liter of a 1.0 mol / liter (in terms of magnesium) heptane solution of an organomagnesium compound represented by the general formula 2 was added over 1 hour. After the addition, the reaction was continued for 1 hour with stirring. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, the supernatant was removed, and the mixture was washed twice with 1 liter of hexane to obtain a white solid slurry as a reaction product. As a result of separating and drying the solid, 7.6 mmol of magnesium was contained per 1 g of the solid.
[0048]
To a slurry containing 10 g of this solid, 18 ml of a 1 mol / l hexane solution of butanol was added at 50 ° C. while stirring. The reaction was continued for 1 hour with stirring. After the completion of the reaction, the supernatant was removed and washed once with 200 ml of hexane.
30 ml of a 1 mol / l hexane solution of diethylaluminum chloride was added to this slurry at 50 ° C. while stirring. The reaction was continued for 1 hour with stirring. After the completion of the reaction, the supernatant was removed and washed once with 200 ml of hexane.
To this slurry, 4 ml of a 1 mol / l hexane solution of diethylaluminum chloride and 4 ml of a 1 mol / l hexane solution of titanium tetrachloride were added at 50 ° C. while stirring. The reaction was continued for 2 hours with stirring. After the completion of the reaction, the supernatant was removed and washed with 200 ml of hexane four times. The solid catalyst contained 2.4% by weight of titanium.
[0049]
(2) polymerization
0.4 mmol of diisobutylaluminum hydride and 0.8 l of hexane dehydrated and deoxygenated were placed in a 1.5-liter autoclave, the inside of which was degassed under vacuum and purged with nitrogen. Next, the inside of the autoclave was maintained at 80 ° C., hydrogen was added until the internal pressure of the autoclave increased by 0.3 MPa, and ethylene was added to adjust the total pressure to 0.98 MPa. Then 0.01 mmol of acetone was added. Acetone was about 10 mole ppm relative to ethylene. Thereafter, the polymerization was started by adding 10 mg of the transition metal catalyst component. The polymerization was carried out for 30 minutes while maintaining the total pressure at 0.98 MPa by supplying ethylene. Table 1 shows the yield of the polymer obtained by this polymerization, the activity per catalyst, and the MI, HMI and MIR values of the obtained polymer.
[0050]
Embodiment 2
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that carbon dioxide was used instead of acetone during the polymerization. After the polymerization was completed, when the reactor was opened, there was no odor of isovaleric acid. Table 1 shows the yield of the polymer obtained by this polymerization, the activity per catalyst, and the MI, HMI and MIR values of the obtained polymer.
[0051]
[Comparative Example 1]
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.4 mmol of triisobutylaluminum was used during the polymerization. Table 1 shows the yield of the polymer obtained by this polymerization, the activity per catalyst, and the MI, HMI and MIR values of the obtained polymer.
[0052]
[Comparative Example 2]
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that carbon dioxide was used instead of acetone during the polymerization. After the polymerization was completed, the reactor was opened, and the odor of isovaleric acid was found. Table 1 shows the yield of the polymer obtained by this polymerization, the activity per catalyst, and the MI, HMI and MIR values of the obtained polymer.
From Table 1, it is apparent that the use of the olefin polymerization catalyst of the present invention has a high activity and a wide molecular weight distribution in polymerizing an α-olefin containing an oxygen-containing compound.
[0053]
[Table 1]
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention provides an olefin polymerization catalyst having a high activity and a wide molecular weight distribution when an oxygen-containing compound is mixed into an olefin, a method for producing a polyolefin, and a polyolefin composition.
Claims (2)
一般式 RmAlH(3−m) ・・・式1
(式中、Rは炭素数1以上12以下の炭化水素基であり、mは0.01以上2以下の実数である。)A catalyst used for producing a polyolefin by polymerizing an olefin containing from 0.01 mol ppm to 100 mol ppm of an oxygen-containing compound. This catalyst is represented by the following general formula 1 and a transition metal-containing catalyst component. An olefin polymerization catalyst comprising an organoaluminum compound.
General formula R m AlH (3-m) Formula 1
(In the formula, R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and m is a real number of 0.01 to 2).
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JP2006096972A (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2006-04-13 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Method for producing olefin polymer |
JP2007284660A (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-11-01 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Method for producing polyolefin |
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2002
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006096972A (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2006-04-13 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Method for producing olefin polymer |
JP2007284660A (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-11-01 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Method for producing polyolefin |
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