JP2004067719A - Water-based coating composition - Google Patents

Water-based coating composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004067719A
JP2004067719A JP2002224695A JP2002224695A JP2004067719A JP 2004067719 A JP2004067719 A JP 2004067719A JP 2002224695 A JP2002224695 A JP 2002224695A JP 2002224695 A JP2002224695 A JP 2002224695A JP 2004067719 A JP2004067719 A JP 2004067719A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
coating composition
water
weight
coating film
aqueous
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JP2002224695A
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JP4159322B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshihisa Takagi
高木 義久
Toyohiko Sugaya
菅谷 豊彦
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Taisei Kako Co Ltd
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Taisei Kako Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-based coating composition which enables a temporary marking, can be utilized for knowing the elapse of time after application, and can form a coating film which disappears after the elapse of a required time after application. <P>SOLUTION: This water-based coating composition comprises at least an inorganic pigment containing at least 90 wt.% calcium carbonate, at least one water-soluble cellulose, aqueous ammonia, at least one pH indicator changing color in the pH range of 5.0-8.0, and water; the contents of the inorganic pigment, water-soluble cellulose, and pH indicator are 45-55 wt.%, 0.2-1.0 wt.%, and 0.01-0.1 wt.%, respectively, based on the total weight of the composition, and the ammonia NH<SB>3</SB>concentration in the composition is 0.028-0.224 wt.%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、水性塗料組成物に関し、更に詳しくは、一時的なマーキング及び塗布後の経過時間把握のために利用することができ、且つ塗布後一定期間経過後に塗膜を消失させることが可能な水性塗料組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、一時的なマーキング目的のための手法として、屋内にあっては、チョークと黒板と黒板ふき、あるいはマーカーペンと白板と拭き取り具をセットにして用いることが広く知られている。しかしながら、いずれも手法も特定の拭き取り具をあらかじめ準備する必要がある。
【0003】
一方、屋外における一時的なマーキング目的のための手法としては、チョーク、石墨、刷毛ぬりペンキ、エアゾルスプレー等を用いて、任意のマーキング対象物に対しマーキングすることが知られている。しかし、一時的なマーキング目的を達した後、マーキングを除去する等の手段は採られてなく、そのまま放置されてきているのは周知の通りである。
【0004】
一時的なマーキングは、情報を一定期間保持するために行われ、一定期間経過後には不要となる以上、マーキングされる被塗物を損なうことなく、また、必要期間経過後には、被塗物は元どおりに復元されてしかるべきである。しかしながら、特に、屋外における一時的なマーキングを見る限り、上述の通り、必要期間経過後もマーキングは放置されたままであり、復元されないがために、いたずらに被塗物の美観と環境を損ねているというのが実状である。
【0005】
そして、上記現状は、マーキング後の被塗物をマーキング前の状態へ戻す便利な技術手段がないこと、煩わしさのためにマーキング前の状態へ積極的に復元させることを放棄していること、何時マーキングされたかについて技術的に追跡調査できないこと等に起因していると考えられる。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、一時的なマーキングに関し、適当な技術的手段がないがために生じている問題を解決し、現在のこうした悪循環を断ち切るための技術について検討を行い、本発明を完成した。
【0007】
すなわち、本発明は、炭酸カルシウムを90重量%以上含む少なくとも1種の無機顔料、少なくとも1種の水溶性セルロース、アンモニア水、pH=5.0〜8.0に変色範囲を有する少なくとも1種のpH指示薬、及び水を含む水性塗料組成物であって、無機顔料、水溶性セルロース、及びpH指示薬の割合が、水性塗料組成物の総重量に対して、それぞれ、45〜55重量%、0.2〜1.0重量%、及び0.01〜0.1重量%であり、水性塗料組成物におけるアンモニアNH濃度が0.028〜0.224重量%である、前記水性塗料組成物に関する。
【0008】
また、本発明は、上記水性塗料組成物を塗布することで得られる経時変色塗膜に関し、また、上記水性塗料組成物を被塗物に塗布することからなる経時変色塗膜の形成方法に関する。
【0009】
このように、本発明は、塗膜とした際に、一時的なマーキングが可能であると共に、塗布後の経過時間を把握することもできる水性塗料組成物を提供するものである。また、本発明の水性塗料組成物は、塗布後必要期間経過後に塗膜を消失させることが可能である。
【0010】
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、上記した特定の成分を特定量含む塗料組成物であるが、主として以下の技術的着想に基づき完成に到っている。
(1)塗膜の乾燥過程は、塗料組成物中の揮発成分が大気中へ経時飛散する過程であり、この乾燥過程を時間因子として利用する;
(2)塗料組成物中の中和剤が経時揮発することにより生じる塗膜のpH変化を、pH指示薬と組み合わせることで検知し、乾燥過程における塗膜の経時変化を塗膜の変色により示す;
(3)原料として水及び天然に存在する物質を用い塗料組成物とすることで、水洗又は自然分解により塗膜の除去を可能とし、環境に対する影響を低減する。
【0011】
なお、pH指示薬がpHに対して変色域を持ち、該指示薬の存在する系のpHが変わることでpH指示薬に変色が生じることは万人の認めるところである。しかし、このpH指示薬の変色機構を、一時的なマーキングを目的とする塗料組成物や塗膜に応用し、本発明のようにpH指示薬を水性塗料組成物に経時変色機能を与える手段として利用し、塗膜の塗布時間計測に活用することは、これまでのところ行われていない。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
上記したように、本発明の水性塗料組成物は、無機顔料、水溶性セルロース、アンモニア水、pH指示薬及び水を必須成分として含む。まず、本発明の水性塗料組成物に用いられる各成分について、以下に具体的に説明する。
【0013】
本発明の水性塗料組成物においては、必須成分として、少なくとも1種の無機顔料が配合されており、また、無機顔料として炭酸カルシウムを含んでいることが必要である。ここで、(イ)炭酸カルシウムが塗料の色彩ベースとなる白色を確保していること、(ロ)炭酸カルシウムは、炭酸ガスを吸収し水に溶けた場合には、弱アルカリ性を示すので、塗膜の乾燥過程においてpHの時間変化を緩やかにする微妙な役割を有していること、(ハ)炭酸カルシウムは、自然界に存在する石灰石、貝殻そのものであり、洗い流しても自然に戻るだけであること等の理由により、炭酸カルシウムの量は、無機顔料の総重量に対して90重量%以上であることが好ましく、より好ましくは94重量%以上、最も好ましくは100重量%である。また、無機顔料はpH指示薬の担体の役割を果たしており、また、水性塗料組成物の塗装性を支配することから、無機顔料の量は、水性塗料組成物の総重量に対して45〜55重量%とすることが好ましく、より好ましくは47〜54重量%、最も好ましくは48〜52重量%である。45重量%未満では、マーキング時に塗膜が流れて崩れ易くなると共に、塗膜の乾燥が遅くなり、一方55重量%より多くなると、平滑な塗装面を得にくく、マーキング表示に不都合を生じる。
【0014】
2種以上の無機顔料を用いる場合、炭酸カルシウムと組み合わせて使用する無機顔料としては、天然に存在する無色の顔料が好ましい。例えば、シリカ、タルク、バライタ、クレイ、マイカ、ベントナイト等が使用できる。これらの中でも、透明顔料であり、pHに対する影響が少なく、粘度調節機能を有しているという点から、シリカを用いることが好ましい。
【0015】
なお、塗膜の基調となる色を有色にしたい場合には、無機顔料として着色顔料を用いれば良い。
【0016】
本発明で用いられる水溶性セルロースとは、天然のセルロースから変性され塗料用のバインダーに使用され得る、水に可溶なセルロースを指し、本発明においては、これらの中の少なくとも1種を使用すればよい。ただし、バインダーとして使用する以上、水に対する溶解性が大きく加水分解し易いこと、及び少量でもバインダーとして機能すること等の条件を満たすことが望ましく、水溶性セルロースとして水溶性セルロース誘導体を用いることが好ましい。ここで、水溶性セルロース誘導体としては、セルロースの水酸基をエステル化した水溶性セルロースエステル、又はセルロースの水酸基をエーテル化した水溶性セルロースエーテル等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、本発明においては、塗膜が分解して自然に戻る際の影響を小さくするため、特に水に対する溶解性が大きい、セルロースの水酸基をメチル基又はエチル基でアルコキシ化した水溶性セルロースエーテルを用いることが好ましい。また、これらの誘導体は、2000〜20000の分子量とすることが好ましい。なお、水溶性セルロース誘導体の分子量は、調製された塗料組成物の粘度を支配するので、塗料粘度の使用範囲である100〜10000mPa・sを目安に選択すればよい。
【0017】
水溶性セルロースの量は、塗料粘度及び塗膜の分解性についての制約もあるため、水性塗料組成物の総重量に対して0.2〜1重量%とすることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.2〜0.9重量%、最も好ましくは0.3〜0.8重量%である。
【0018】
ここで、水溶性セルロースの代わりに、水溶性アクリル樹脂などの合成樹脂を使用しても支障はない。しかしながら、水洗等の後処理において塗膜を除去し難いなどの問題があるため、本発明において、水溶性アクリル樹脂などの合成樹脂を使用することは好ましくはない。
【0019】
本発明で用いられるアンモニア水の濃度については、特に制限はない。ただし、アンモニアは、本発明の水性塗料組成物において中和剤として機能しており、塗装面からアンモニア成分が経時的に揮発していくことによって塗膜のpHが変動し、塗膜の色が変化するため、水性塗料組成物におけるアンモニア成分の量は重要となる。本発明においては、水性塗料組成物におけるアンモニアNH濃度を0.028〜0.224重量%の範囲とする必要がある。本発明の水性塗料組成物は上記変色原理によるので、使用するアンモニアの量を多くした(アンモニアの揮発に時間がかかる)場合には、塗膜が変色するまでの時間間隔が長くなり、逆に、アンモニア量を少なくすると、塗膜が変色するまでの時間間隔が短くなる。したがって、使用目的に応じて、アンモニアの使用量を上記範囲内で適宜調節すればよい。例えば、28重量%のアンモニア水を用いる場合には、水性塗料組成物の総重量に対して0.1〜0.8重量%の範囲で使用することができる。
【0020】
本発明においては、pH=5.0〜8.0に変色範囲を有するものであれば、何れのpH指示薬を用いてもよい。本発明の水性塗料組成物からなる塗膜の乾燥が経時的に進みアンモニアが揮発すると、塗膜のpHは、アンモニアに由来する初期のpH=10〜12から徐々に低下し、完全に乾燥すると、炭酸カルシウム由来のpH、即ち、中性付近のpH=6〜7となる。このように、塗膜のpHはアルカリ性→中性・酸性に変化するので、中性付近のpH=5.0〜8.0でアルカリ色から酸性色に変化するpH指示薬を選択すれば、塗膜の乾燥が進むにつれ、アルカリ色→酸性色→乾燥色(乾燥塗膜の色)と経時的に塗膜の色を経時的に変化させることが可能となる。なお、pH<5.0に変色域を持つpH指示薬では塗膜の乾燥過程での色の変化は観測されないし、逆に、pH>8.0に変色域を持つpH指示薬では、塗装後の経過時間を塗膜の多段階変色により詳細に把握することはできなくなる。
【0021】
pH指示薬として、具体的には、メチルレッド、ブロムクレゾールパープル、ブロムチモールブルー、ニュートラルレッド、フェノールレッド、クレゾールレッド、チモールブルー、クレゾールフタレイン、フェノールフタレイン、アリザリンエロー、アルカリブルーを単独で又は組み合わせて使用できる。これらの中でも、簡素で目立つ変化を示す色変化が有効であることから、ブロムチモールブルーを用いることが好ましい。
【0022】
また、pH指示薬の量については、水性塗料組成物の性質に応じて決めればよいが、炭酸カルシウムがpH指示薬(粉末)の担体となるので、使用する炭酸カルシウム(無機顔料)の粒度によって、pH指示薬の最適使用量が変化する。この点から、pH指示薬の量は、水性塗料組成物の総重量に対して0.01〜0.1重量%とすることが好ましい。なお、本発明の水性塗料組成物においては、粗い粒度の塗料組成物の場合にはpH指示薬を多めに使用し、細かい粒度の塗料組成物の場合には、pH指示薬を少なめに使用すればよい。
【0023】
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、上記した成分に加えて、残部の水を含んでいる。すなわち、本発明においては、上記成分に、バランス量の水を配合することにより、水性塗料組成物としている。
【0024】
また、本発明の水性塗料組成物においては、上記各成分を攪拌し塗料組成物とする際に発生する泡を抑えるため、少なくとも1種の消泡剤を配合することが望ましい。消泡剤の量は、水性塗料組成物の総重量に対して0.05〜0.5重量%とすることが好ましい。最適使用量は、水性塗料組成物と消泡剤との相性に支配されるので、上記範囲内でその都度選択すればよい。消泡剤の種類に関しては特に制約はないが、シリコン系のものが好ましい。
【0025】
続いて、本発明の水性塗料組成物を製造する方法について説明する。なお、以下に示す方法は、本発明の水性塗料組成物を製造するための一具体例に過ぎず、この方法以外の方法により製造することも可能である。
【0026】
まず、目的とする水性塗料組成物の重量の10重量%に相当する水を加熱して、70〜100℃の温水にしたものに、水溶性セルロースの全量を加え、1〜5分攪拌分散する。次に、水溶性セルロースは低温で溶解した方が溶けやすいため、目的とする水性塗料組成物の重量の20重量%に相当する30℃以下の水を加え、希釈冷却した後、5〜15分攪拌溶解させる。次いで、炭酸カルシウムを加え20〜30分攪拌し、攪拌しながら残りの水を30℃以下の水として加える。そして更に、pH指示薬、消泡剤、アンモニア水の順で添加し、10〜30分攪拌する。
【0027】
本発明の水性塗料組成物の被塗物への塗布(マーキング)方法については、特に制限はなく、従来公知の方法に従えば良い。マーキングの手法としては、通常のインキ・塗料の印刷又は塗装方法を任意に使用できる。当然のことながら、これらの手法を適用する際には、塗料組成物を最適粘度に調整する必要があるが、インキ・塗料における通常の調整法に準じて、塗料組成物組成の変更、希釈等を行えば良い。例えば、本発明の水性塗料組成物を300〜400mPa・secの粘度にし、刷毛塗り用の刷毛で所望のマーク(文字等)に塗装する。塗膜の厚さに関しても特に制限はなく、また、インキ・塗料分野における通常の手法にしたがって、重ね塗り等を行うことも可能である。本発明の塗料組成物は、塗布するまで初期の色を保持しておく必要があり、アンモニアや水の揮発・飛散等を防ぐことが重要である。したがって、本発明の塗料組成物を保存する際には、密閉容器等で保存することが望ましい。
【0028】
被塗物の種類についても特に制限はない。本発明の塗料組成物を塗布することによって被塗物が著しく損傷を受けるような材質のものでなければ、形状・表面状態の如何にかかわらず塗布できる。
【0029】
本発明の水性塗料組成物により形成される塗膜は、水洗によって除去することができ、また、自然分解によって一定期間経過後に消滅するものである。すなわち、塗膜を除去したい時には水で洗い落せるし、屋外であればそのまま放置することで風化によって一定期間後に自然に消し落される。このように、本発明の水性塗料組成物は、一時的なマーキング目的に好適なものである。特に、本発明の水性塗料組成物を用いて被塗物にマーキングした場合、洗浄等といった被塗物をマーキング前の状態へ積極的に復元させる手段を採らなくても、一定期間後に自然消滅するため、一時的マーキング用塗料として非常に適している。なお、塗膜が屋外放置により自然消滅するまでの所要時間は、通常の自然環境であれば3ヶ月程度であるが、経時変色による時間計測の目的を達した後も、さらにこのマーキング(情報等)を保存したい場合には、マーキングを覆うといった自然暴露を阻害する手段を採ればよい。
【0030】
ここで、本発明の水性塗料組成物を用いた塗膜が自然消滅するという特性は、該塗料組成物の塗料組成に依存している。すなわち、本発明の水性塗料組成物においては、炭酸ガス存在化で水に可溶となる炭酸カルシウムを主成分とし、且つ、該主成分のバインダーとして、水に可溶な樹脂である水溶性セルロースを必要最小限の量用いることで、上記特性が達成されている。
【0031】
また、本発明の水性塗料組成物を塗布することで得られる塗膜は経時変色塗膜であり、塗膜形成後、塗膜の色が経時的に変化する。これにより、塗料を塗布(マーキング)してからどのくらいの時間が経過したのかを把握することができる。したがって、マーキングの際に、時間を記録しなくても、マーキング後の時間経過を瞬時且つ容易に知ることが可能となる。
【0032】
かかる塗膜の色の経時変化は、上記したように、塗料組成物中の成分が経時飛散することで、塗膜のpHが経時的に変化するという知見に基づいている。すなわち、本発明の塗料組成物の色及びその色の変色過程の設計は、塗膜の乾燥過程におけるアンモニア成分の揮発減少で引き起こされる塗膜のpH変化に呼応して、pH指示薬が変色することに基づいている。したがって、塗膜の初期の色及び変化していく色の種類はpH指示薬によって決まり、経過時間の各段階で示される色の持続時間はアンモニア成分の揮発速度で決まることになる。故に、時間と共に段階的に塗膜の色を変化させるためには、pH指示薬を単独若しくは複数組み合わせて用いることが有効であるが、本発明のアンモニア成分の揮発を引き金にする塗膜の変色手法では、全てのpH指示薬が使用できる訳ではなく、pH=5.0〜8.0の範囲で変色する上記特定のpH指示薬に限られる。
【0033】
具体的には、本発明の水性塗料組成物から得られる経時変色塗膜では、塗布直後から30分までの間、又は塗布直後から1時間以内の間で経時的に3〜5回変色させることが可能となる。
【0034】
以上述べたように、本発明の水性塗料組成物は、一時的なマーキング及び塗布後の経過時間把握のために利用することができ、且つ塗布後一定期間経過後に塗膜を消失させることが可能である。したがって、本発明の水性塗料組成物は、アスファルト又はコンクリート舗装上になされる一時的な標識、壁や橋梁等の屋外構築物の修理位置を表示するためのマーク、天日暴露物体又は屋外放置物体の暴露・放置時間の簡易計測のためのマーク等に好適に用いられる。
【0035】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例に基づき説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0036】
(実施例1)
2000mlのビーカーに水道水100重量部を入れ70℃に加熱した。ここに、水溶性セルロースエーテル(信越化学工業(株)、メトローズ65SH−4000)3重量部を静かに加え、均一になるように10分間攪拌した。次に、水道水200重量部を加えて冷却し、10分間攪拌することで、水溶性セルロースを水に完全に溶解させた。得られた溶液に炭酸カルシウム(白石工業(株)、ホワイトンH)500重量部を加え、20〜30分間攪拌を続け、炭酸カルシウムを分散させた。得られた白色分散液に、更に水道水200重量部を加え希釈し、更に、pH指示薬としてブロムチモールブルー(粉末)0.2重量部、消泡剤(コグニスジャパン(株)、デヒドラン1513)1重量部、28重量%アンモニア水1重量部を添加し、20分間攪拌して、水性塗料組成物(1)を得た。なお、得られた塗料組成物における仕込原料の総量は1005.2重量部であり、得られた塗料組成物の粘度を、B型粘度計により測定したところ、350mPa・secであった。
【0037】
この塗料組成物(1)を用いて、アスファルト道路、コンクリート壁、コンクリート道路、木板、タイヤ、鉄製門扉に、それぞれ、屋外において、降雨時を避けながら、塗料用刷毛で文字をマーキングし、マーキング後の塗膜(文字)の色の経時変化を観測した。その結果、約10分ごとに青色→緑色→淡黄色→白色の変化が観測された。その後、該塗膜を水洗除去するまでは、塗膜は白色のままであった。また、この塗膜は、屋外に放置すれば約3ヶ月で消失することも確認した。
【0038】
(実施例2)
実施例1における水溶性セルロースエーテル(信越化学工業(株)、メトローズ65SH−4000)3重量部の代わりに、水溶性セルロースエーテル(信越化学工業(株)、メトローズ65SH−4000)3重量部及び水溶性セルロースエーテル(信越化学工業(株)、メトローズ65SH−15000)5重量部からなる2種類の水溶性セルロースエーテルを組み合わせて用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、水性塗料組成物(2)を得た。なお、得られた塗料組成物における仕込原料の総量は1010.2重量部であり、得られた塗料組成物の粘度を、B型粘度計により測定したところ、3000mPa・secであった。
【0039】
実施例1と同じ方法に従い、得られた塗料組成物(2)を用いて文字のマーキングを行い、マーキング後の塗膜(文字)の色の経時変化を観測した。観測の結果、実施例1の塗料組成物(1)を用いた場合と同様の結果であることが確認された。
【0040】
(実施例3)
実施例1における炭酸カルシウム(白石工業(株)、ホワイトンH)500重量部の代わりに、炭酸カルシウム(白石工業(株)、ホワイトンH)470重量部及びシリカ(冨士シリシア(株)、サイリシア435)30重量部からなる2種類の無機顔料を組み合わせて使用し、pH指示薬ブロムチモールブルー(粉末)0.2重量部の代わりに、pH指示薬ブロムチモールブルー(粉末)0.2重量部及びpH指示薬メチルレッド(粉末)0.2重量部からなる複合系のpH指示薬を使用し、更に、28重量%アンモニア水の量を1重量部から5重量部に増量した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、水性塗料組成物(3)を得た。なお、得られた塗料組成物における仕込原料の総量は1009.4重量部であり、得られた塗料組成物の粘度を、B型粘度計により測定したところ、400mPa・secであった。
【0041】
実施例1と同じ方法に従い、得られた塗料組成物(3)を用いて文字のマーキングを行い、マーキング後の塗膜(文字)の色の経時変化を観測した。観測の結果、塗膜の色の変化が青色→緑色→淡黄色→赤色→白色であったこと以外は、実施例1の塗料組成物(1)を用いた場合と同様の結果であった。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aqueous coating composition, and more specifically, can be used for temporary marking and grasping the elapsed time after application, and can erase a coating film after a lapse of a certain period of time after application. The present invention relates to an aqueous coating composition.
[0002]
Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention
Conventionally, as a technique for temporary marking purposes, it is widely known that a set of chalk, a blackboard and a blackboard wiper, or a set of a marker pen, a whiteboard and a wiper is used indoors. However, in each case, it is necessary to prepare a specific wiping tool in advance.
[0003]
On the other hand, as a technique for the purpose of temporary marking outdoors, it is known to mark an arbitrary marking object using chalk, graphite, brush paint, aerosol spray, or the like. However, as is well known, no means such as removal of the marking is taken after the purpose of the temporary marking is reached, and the marking is left as it is.
[0004]
Temporary marking is performed to hold information for a certain period of time, and is unnecessary after a certain period of time, as long as it is unnecessary, without damaging the object to be marked, and after the necessary period, the object to be coated is Should be restored as before. However, in particular, as far as the temporary markings outdoors are concerned, as described above, the markings are left undisturbed even after the necessary period of time, and are not restored, which unnecessarily impairs the appearance and environment of the object to be coated. That is the actual situation.
[0005]
And the current situation is that there is no convenient technical means to return the coated object after the marking to the state before the marking, that it has abandoned actively restoring to the state before the marking due to inconvenience, It is considered that this is due to the fact that it was not possible to follow up technically what time the marking was made.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has solved the problems caused by the lack of appropriate technical means regarding temporary marking, studied the technology for breaking the current vicious circle, and completed the present invention.
[0007]
That is, the present invention provides at least one kind of inorganic pigment containing at least 90% by weight of calcium carbonate, at least one kind of water-soluble cellulose, aqueous ammonia, and at least one kind of colorant having a discoloration range at pH = 5.0 to 8.0. An aqueous coating composition containing a pH indicator and water, wherein the proportions of the inorganic pigment, water-soluble cellulose, and pH indicator are 45 to 55% by weight, and 0 to 55% by weight, respectively, based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition. 2 to 1.0% by weight, and 0.01 to 0.1% by weight, and the aqueous NH 3 concentration in the aqueous coating composition is 0.028 to 0.224% by weight.
[0008]
The present invention also relates to a temporally discolored coating film obtained by applying the aqueous coating composition, and to a method for forming a temporally discolored coating film which comprises applying the aqueous coating composition to a substrate.
[0009]
As described above, the present invention provides an aqueous coating composition that enables temporary marking when forming a coating film and also allows the elapsed time after application to be grasped. In addition, the water-based coating composition of the present invention can make the coating disappear after a required period of time after application.
[0010]
The aqueous coating composition of the present invention is a coating composition containing the specific components described above in a specific amount, and has been completed mainly based on the following technical idea.
(1) The drying process of the coating film is a process in which volatile components in the coating composition fly over time into the atmosphere, and this drying process is used as a time factor;
(2) detecting a change in pH of the coating film caused by volatilization of the neutralizing agent in the coating composition over time by combining with a pH indicator, and indicating a change with time of the coating film in the drying process by discoloration of the coating film;
(3) By using water and a naturally occurring substance as a raw material to form a coating composition, the coating film can be removed by washing with water or spontaneously decomposing, thereby reducing the effect on the environment.
[0011]
It is widely recognized that the pH indicator has a color changing range with respect to the pH, and that the pH of the pH indicator changes due to a change in the pH of the system in which the indicator is present. However, the discoloration mechanism of the pH indicator is applied to a coating composition or a coating film for the purpose of temporary marking, and the pH indicator is used as a means for imparting a time-dependent discoloring function to an aqueous coating composition as in the present invention. So far, it has not been used for measuring the coating time of a coating film.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
As described above, the aqueous coating composition of the present invention contains an inorganic pigment, water-soluble cellulose, aqueous ammonia, a pH indicator and water as essential components. First, each component used in the aqueous coating composition of the present invention will be specifically described below.
[0013]
In the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, it is necessary that at least one kind of inorganic pigment is blended as an essential component, and that calcium carbonate is contained as an inorganic pigment. Here, (a) that calcium carbonate secures the white color that is the color base of the paint, and (b) calcium carbonate shows weak alkalinity when it absorbs carbon dioxide and dissolves in water. It has a delicate role of slowing the time change of pH in the process of drying the membrane. (C) Calcium carbonate is limestone and shells that exist in nature, and only returns to nature even if washed away For this reason, the amount of calcium carbonate is preferably at least 90% by weight, more preferably at least 94% by weight, most preferably 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the inorganic pigment. In addition, since the inorganic pigment plays a role of a carrier of the pH indicator and controls the coatability of the water-based coating composition, the amount of the inorganic pigment is 45 to 55% by weight based on the total weight of the water-based coating composition. %, More preferably 47 to 54% by weight, and most preferably 48 to 52% by weight. When the amount is less than 45% by weight, the coating film easily flows and collapses at the time of marking, and the drying of the coating film is delayed. On the other hand, when the amount is more than 55% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a smooth painted surface, which causes inconvenience in marking display.
[0014]
When two or more inorganic pigments are used, the inorganic pigment used in combination with calcium carbonate is preferably a naturally occurring colorless pigment. For example, silica, talc, baryta, clay, mica, bentonite and the like can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use silica because it is a transparent pigment, has little influence on pH, and has a viscosity adjusting function.
[0015]
When it is desired that the base color of the coating film be colored, a colored pigment may be used as the inorganic pigment.
[0016]
The water-soluble cellulose used in the present invention refers to water-soluble cellulose which is modified from natural cellulose and can be used as a binder for paints. In the present invention, at least one of these is used. Just fine. However, as long as it is used as a binder, it is desirable to satisfy conditions such as high solubility in water and easy hydrolysis, and that it functions as a binder even in a small amount, and it is preferable to use a water-soluble cellulose derivative as the water-soluble cellulose. . Here, examples of the water-soluble cellulose derivative include a water-soluble cellulose ester obtained by esterifying a hydroxyl group of cellulose and a water-soluble cellulose ether obtained by etherifying a hydroxyl group of cellulose. Among these, in the present invention, in order to reduce the effect of the coating film being decomposed and returned to nature, the water-soluble cellulose obtained by alkoxylating a hydroxyl group of cellulose with a methyl group or an ethyl group, particularly having high solubility in water. It is preferred to use ether. Further, these derivatives preferably have a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000. Since the molecular weight of the water-soluble cellulose derivative controls the viscosity of the prepared coating composition, the molecular weight may be selected in the range of 100 to 10,000 mPa · s, which is the range of use of the coating viscosity.
[0017]
The amount of the water-soluble cellulose is preferably from 0.2 to 1% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition, since there are restrictions on the viscosity of the coating composition and the degradability of the coating film. It is between 2 and 0.9% by weight, most preferably between 0.3 and 0.8% by weight.
[0018]
Here, there is no problem even if a synthetic resin such as a water-soluble acrylic resin is used instead of the water-soluble cellulose. However, it is not preferable to use a synthetic resin such as a water-soluble acrylic resin in the present invention because there is a problem that it is difficult to remove the coating film in a post-treatment such as washing with water.
[0019]
The concentration of the aqueous ammonia used in the present invention is not particularly limited. However, ammonia functions as a neutralizing agent in the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, and the pH of the coating film fluctuates due to the volatilization of the ammonia component over time from the coated surface, and the color of the coating film becomes Because of the variation, the amount of ammonia component in the aqueous coating composition is important. In the present invention, the ammonia NH 3 concentration in the aqueous coating composition needs to be in the range of 0.028 to 0.224% by weight. Since the aqueous coating composition of the present invention is based on the above-described principle of discoloration, if the amount of ammonia used is increased (it takes time to evaporate ammonia), the time interval until the coating film discolors becomes longer, and conversely When the amount of ammonia is reduced, the time interval until the coating film changes color is shortened. Therefore, the amount of ammonia used may be appropriately adjusted within the above range according to the purpose of use. For example, when 28% by weight of aqueous ammonia is used, it can be used in the range of 0.1 to 0.8% by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition.
[0020]
In the present invention, any pH indicator may be used as long as it has a discoloration range at pH = 5.0 to 8.0. When the drying of the coating film composed of the aqueous coating composition of the present invention proceeds with time and the ammonia evaporates, the pH of the coating film gradually decreases from the initial pH = 10 to 12 derived from ammonia, and when completely dried, PH derived from calcium carbonate, that is, pH near neutrality = 6 to 7. As described above, since the pH of the coating film changes from alkaline to neutral / acidic, if a pH indicator that changes from alkaline to acidic at pH = 5.0 to 8.0 near neutrality is selected, the coating can be performed. As the drying of the film progresses, it becomes possible to change the color of the coating film with the passage of time from alkali color to acid color to dry color (the color of the dried coating film). In the case of a pH indicator having a discoloration range of pH <5.0, no color change was observed during the drying process of the coating film. The elapsed time cannot be grasped in detail by multi-stage discoloration of the coating film.
[0021]
As the pH indicator, specifically, methyl red, bromcresol purple, bromthymol blue, neutral red, phenol red, cresol red, thymol blue, cresolphthalein, phenolphthalein, alizarin yellow, alkali blue alone or in combination Can be used. Among these, bromthymol blue is preferably used because a color change showing a simple and conspicuous change is effective.
[0022]
The amount of the pH indicator may be determined according to the properties of the aqueous coating composition. However, since calcium carbonate serves as a carrier for the pH indicator (powder), the pH indicator depends on the particle size of the calcium carbonate (inorganic pigment) used. The optimal usage of the indicator changes. From this point, the amount of the pH indicator is preferably 0.01 to 0.1% by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition. In the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, a large amount of the pH indicator is used in the case of a coarse-grained coating composition, and a small amount of the pH indicator may be used in the case of a fine-grained coating composition. .
[0023]
The aqueous coating composition of the present invention contains the balance of water in addition to the above components. That is, in the present invention, an aqueous coating composition is obtained by mixing a balance amount of water with the above components.
[0024]
In addition, in the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, it is desirable to add at least one antifoaming agent in order to suppress bubbles generated when the above components are stirred to form a coating composition. The amount of the antifoaming agent is preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition. The optimum amount is determined by the compatibility between the aqueous coating composition and the antifoaming agent, and may be selected within the above range each time. There are no particular restrictions on the type of antifoaming agent, but silicon-based ones are preferred.
[0025]
Next, a method for producing the aqueous coating composition of the present invention will be described. In addition, the method shown below is only one specific example for producing the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, and it is also possible to produce the aqueous coating composition by a method other than this method.
[0026]
First, water corresponding to 10% by weight of the target aqueous coating composition is heated to obtain warm water at 70 to 100 ° C., and the entire amount of water-soluble cellulose is added thereto, followed by stirring and dispersing for 1 to 5 minutes. . Next, since water-soluble cellulose is easier to dissolve at a low temperature, water of 30 ° C. or less corresponding to 20% by weight of the target aqueous coating composition is added, diluted and cooled, and then cooled for 5 to 15 minutes. Stir and dissolve. Next, calcium carbonate is added and the mixture is stirred for 20 to 30 minutes, and the remaining water is added as water at 30 ° C. or lower while stirring. Further, a pH indicator, an antifoaming agent, and aqueous ammonia are added in this order, and the mixture is stirred for 10 to 30 minutes.
[0027]
The method of applying (marking) the water-based coating composition of the present invention to an object to be coated is not particularly limited, and may be a conventionally known method. As a marking method, a normal ink or paint printing or coating method can be used arbitrarily. Naturally, when applying these techniques, it is necessary to adjust the coating composition to the optimum viscosity. However, according to the usual adjustment method for inks and coatings, the composition of the coating composition should be changed, diluted, etc. Should be done. For example, the aqueous coating composition of the present invention has a viscosity of 300 to 400 mPa · sec, and is applied to a desired mark (character or the like) with a brush for brush application. There is also no particular limitation on the thickness of the coating film, and it is also possible to perform recoating or the like according to a usual method in the field of ink and paint. It is necessary for the coating composition of the present invention to retain its initial color until it is applied, and it is important to prevent volatilization and scattering of ammonia and water. Therefore, when storing the coating composition of the present invention, it is desirable to store it in a closed container or the like.
[0028]
There is no particular limitation on the type of the object to be coated. The coating composition of the present invention can be applied irrespective of its shape and surface condition as long as it is not made of a material that will significantly damage an object to be coated by applying the coating composition of the present invention.
[0029]
The coating film formed by the aqueous coating composition of the present invention can be removed by washing with water, and disappears after a certain period of time due to spontaneous decomposition. That is, when it is desired to remove the coating film, the coating film can be washed off with water, and when it is outdoors, the coating film is left as it is and is naturally erased after a certain period of time by weathering. Thus, the aqueous coating composition of the present invention is suitable for temporary marking purposes. In particular, when marking the object to be coated using the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, even if it does not take a means of positively restoring the object to be coated to the state before the marking, such as washing, it naturally disappears after a certain period of time. Therefore, it is very suitable as a temporary marking paint. The time required for the coating film to naturally disappear by leaving outdoors is about three months in a normal natural environment. However, even after the purpose of time measurement by discoloration with time has been reached, this marking (information etc.) If you want to preserve), take measures to prevent natural exposure, such as covering the markings.
[0030]
Here, the characteristic that the coating film using the water-based coating composition of the present invention spontaneously disappears depends on the coating composition of the coating composition. That is, in the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, the main component is calcium carbonate that becomes soluble in water in the presence of carbon dioxide gas, and as a binder of the main component, a water-soluble resin that is a water-soluble resin is used. By using the minimum necessary amount, the above characteristics are achieved.
[0031]
Further, the coating film obtained by applying the aqueous coating composition of the present invention is a color-changed coating film with time, and the color of the coating film changes with time after the coating film is formed. As a result, it is possible to grasp how much time has elapsed since the coating (marking) of the paint. Therefore, at the time of marking, it is possible to instantaneously and easily know the lapse of time after marking without recording the time.
[0032]
As described above, the temporal change in the color of the coating film is based on the knowledge that the pH of the coating film changes with time due to the components in the coating composition scattering over time. That is, the design of the color of the coating composition of the present invention and the color change process of the color is such that the pH indicator discolors in response to the pH change of the coating film caused by the volatilization decrease of the ammonia component in the drying process of the coating film. Based on Therefore, the initial color of the coating film and the kind of changing color are determined by the pH indicator, and the duration of the color indicated at each stage of the elapsed time is determined by the volatilization rate of the ammonia component. Therefore, in order to gradually change the color of the coating film over time, it is effective to use a single pH indicator or a combination of a plurality of pH indicators. However, not all pH indicators can be used, and are limited to the above specific pH indicators that change color in the range of pH = 5.0 to 8.0.
[0033]
Specifically, in the time-varying color coating film obtained from the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, the color is changed from 3 to 5 times over time from immediately after application to 30 minutes or within 1 hour immediately after application. Becomes possible.
[0034]
As described above, the aqueous coating composition of the present invention can be used for temporary marking and grasping the elapsed time after application, and can cause the coating to disappear after a certain period of time after application. It is. Therefore, the water-based paint composition of the present invention can be used for temporary signs on asphalt or concrete pavement, marks for indicating the repair position of outdoor structures such as walls and bridges, sun-exposed objects or outdoor neglected objects. It is suitably used as a mark for simple measurement of the exposure / leaving time.
[0035]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0036]
(Example 1)
100 parts by weight of tap water was placed in a 2000 ml beaker and heated to 70 ° C. To this, 3 parts by weight of a water-soluble cellulose ether (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Metroose 65SH-4000) was gently added, and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes to be uniform. Next, 200 parts by weight of tap water was added, cooled, and stirred for 10 minutes to completely dissolve the water-soluble cellulose in water. 500 parts by weight of calcium carbonate (Shiraishi Industry Co., Ltd., Whiten H) was added to the obtained solution, and stirring was continued for 20 to 30 minutes to disperse the calcium carbonate. To the obtained white dispersion, 200 parts by weight of tap water is further added for dilution, and further, 0.2 parts by weight of bromthymol blue (powder) as a pH indicator, an antifoaming agent (Cognis Japan K.K., Dehydran 1513) 1 1 part by weight of 28 parts by weight of aqueous ammonia and 1 part by weight of aqueous ammonia were added and stirred for 20 minutes to obtain an aqueous coating composition (1). The total amount of the raw materials in the obtained coating composition was 1005.2 parts by weight, and the viscosity of the obtained coating composition was 350 mPa · sec as measured by a B-type viscometer.
[0037]
Using this paint composition (1), characters are marked on asphalt roads, concrete walls, concrete roads, wood boards, tires, and iron gates with paint brushes while avoiding rain, respectively, outdoors. Over time of the color of the coating film (character) was observed. As a result, a change of blue → green → pale yellow → white was observed about every 10 minutes. Thereafter, the coating remained white until the coating was washed away with water. It was also confirmed that this coating disappeared in about three months if left outdoors.
[0038]
(Example 2)
Instead of 3 parts by weight of the water-soluble cellulose ether (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Metroose 65SH-4000) in Example 1, 3 parts by weight of a water-soluble cellulose ether (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Metroose 65SH-4000) and water-soluble Aqueous coating composition (2) in the same manner as in Example 1 except that two kinds of water-soluble cellulose ethers each consisting of 5 parts by weight of a water-soluble cellulose ether (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Metroose 65SH-15000) were used. ) Got. The total amount of the charged raw materials in the obtained coating composition was 1010.2 parts by weight, and the viscosity of the obtained coating composition was 3000 mPa · sec as measured by a B-type viscometer.
[0039]
According to the same method as in Example 1, characters were marked using the obtained coating composition (2), and the time-dependent change in the color of the coating film (characters) after the marking was observed. As a result of the observation, it was confirmed that the results were the same as those when the coating composition (1) of Example 1 was used.
[0040]
(Example 3)
Instead of 500 parts by weight of calcium carbonate (Shiraishi Kogyo Co., Whiten H) in Example 1, 470 parts by weight of calcium carbonate (Shiraishi Kogyo Co., Whiten H) and silica (Fuji Silysia K.K. 435) Using two kinds of inorganic pigments consisting of 30 parts by weight in combination, instead of 0.2 parts by weight of the pH indicator bromthymol blue (powder), 0.2 parts by weight of the pH indicator bromthymol blue (powder) and pH The same as Example 1 except that a composite pH indicator consisting of 0.2 parts by weight of methyl red (powder) was used, and the amount of 28% by weight aqueous ammonia was increased from 1 part by weight to 5 parts by weight. Thus, an aqueous coating composition (3) was obtained. The total amount of the raw materials used in the obtained coating composition was 1009.4 parts by weight, and the viscosity of the obtained coating composition was 400 mPa · sec as measured by a B-type viscometer.
[0041]
According to the same method as in Example 1, characters were marked using the obtained coating composition (3), and the color change of the coating film (characters) after the marking was observed over time. As a result of the observation, the same results as in the case of using the coating composition (1) of Example 1 were obtained, except that the color change of the coating film was blue → green → light yellow → red → white.

Claims (6)

炭酸カルシウムを90重量%以上含む少なくとも1種の無機顔料、少なくとも1種の水溶性セルロース、アンモニア水、pH=5.0〜8.0に変色範囲を有する少なくとも1種のpH指示薬、及び水を含む水性塗料組成物であって、無機顔料、水溶性セルロース、及びpH指示薬の割合が、水性塗料組成物の総重量に対して、それぞれ、45〜55重量%、0.2〜1.0重量%、及び0.01〜0.1重量%であり、水性塗料組成物におけるアンモニアNH濃度が0.028〜0.224重量%である、前記水性塗料組成物。At least one inorganic pigment containing at least 90% by weight of calcium carbonate, at least one water-soluble cellulose, aqueous ammonia, at least one pH indicator having a color change range at pH = 5.0 to 8.0, and water. A water-based coating composition, wherein the proportion of the inorganic pigment, water-soluble cellulose, and pH indicator is 45 to 55% by weight and 0.2 to 1.0% by weight, respectively, based on the total weight of the water-based coating composition. %, And the aqueous NH 3 concentration in the aqueous coating composition is 0.028 to 0.224% by weight. 少なくとも1種の消泡剤を、水性塗料組成物の総重量に対して0.05〜0.5重量%の割合で更に含む、請求項1記載の水性塗料組成物。The aqueous coating composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one antifoaming agent in a proportion of 0.05 to 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous coating composition. 水溶性セルロースが水溶性セルロースエーテルである、請求項1又は2に記載の水性塗料組成物。3. The aqueous coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble cellulose is a water-soluble cellulose ether. pH指示薬がブロムチモールブルーである、請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物。The aqueous coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pH indicator is bromthymol blue. 請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物を塗布することで得られる経時変色塗膜。A temporally discolored coating film obtained by applying the aqueous coating composition according to claim 1. 請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物を被塗物に塗布することからなる経時変色塗膜の形成方法。A method for forming a temporally discolored coating film, comprising applying the aqueous coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to an object to be coated.
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