JP2004058334A - Polypropylene resin extrusion foamed sheet and its molded product - Google Patents

Polypropylene resin extrusion foamed sheet and its molded product Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004058334A
JP2004058334A JP2002217155A JP2002217155A JP2004058334A JP 2004058334 A JP2004058334 A JP 2004058334A JP 2002217155 A JP2002217155 A JP 2002217155A JP 2002217155 A JP2002217155 A JP 2002217155A JP 2004058334 A JP2004058334 A JP 2004058334A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
polypropylene resin
foamed sheet
sheet
resin
foam sheet
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JP2002217155A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tetsuo Okura
大倉 徹雄
Tetsuya Shibata
柴田 哲也
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Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002217155A priority Critical patent/JP2004058334A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polypropylene resin extruded foamed sheet which is lightweight and excellent in heat insulation and rigidity and which can be suitably molded particularly by a wide continuous molding machine. <P>SOLUTION: The polypropylene resin extruded foamed sheet has a density of 110-180 kg/m<SP>3</SP>, a closed cell fraction of 40% or more, and a basis weight of 0.250-0.350 kg/m<SP>2</SP>, and a shape of the cell satisfies formulae of 12≤N<SB>HD</SB>≤20 (1) and 0.6≤N<SB>TD</SB>/N<SB>MD</SB>≤0.9 (2), wherein N<SB>HD</SB>is the number of a mean cell wall in a thicknesswise direction, N<SB>TD</SB>is the number of mean cell walls per 1 mm in a widthwise direction, and N<SB>MD</SB>is the number of mean cell walls per 1 mm in an extruding direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、食品包装容器などに好適に成形し得るポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡シートに関する。更に詳しくは、軽量で断熱性および剛性に優れ、かつ幅広の連続成形機による成形においてもドローダウンが小さいことから、成形体を効率よく生産しうるポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡シートに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
熱可塑性樹脂からなる発泡シートは、一般に軽量で、断熱性や緩衝性が良好であり、加熱成形により成形体を得ることが可能であることから、ポリスチレン系樹脂やポリエチレン系樹脂を中心に、緩衝材や食品容器、断熱材、自動車用部材などの用途で幅広く利用されている。また、近年では、耐熱性や、耐溶剤性に優れるポリプロピレン系樹脂も利用されるようになってきた。
【0003】
しかし、ポリプロピレン系樹脂は、溶融時の粘度及び抗張力が低く、発泡時の気泡壁の強度が十分に保持されず、独立気泡率が高い発泡シートを得ることが困難であった。日本特許第2521388号では、特定の分子量並びに平衡コンプライアンスを有するポリプロピレン系樹脂を用いる方法が提案されているが、ポリプロピレン系樹脂はポリスチレン系樹脂よりも剛性が低いことから、発泡シートおよびその成形体の剛性が低く、これを改善するために発泡シート自体の厚みを厚くすると、単位面積あたりの重量、即ち目付量が大きくなることから、コストの点で問題があった。
【0004】
近年、この様な問題を解決する目的で、特開平10−130412号では、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡シートにおいて、密度、厚さ、独立気泡率を一定の範囲とし、さらにセル形状を特定の形状とすることにより、発泡シートの剛性などの物性や外観が改善されることを開示している。
【0005】
しかしながら、上記特許に規定される発泡シートでは、発泡シートを成形する際に問題を生じる場合があった。一般に、発泡シートを商業的に成形する場合、生産効率の観点から、巻物状の発泡シートを順次繰り出して、発泡シート側部をクランプまたはピンで保持し、一定長さずつ間欠移送して予熱工程、成形工程を通過させる、いわゆる連続成形が行われる。しかし発泡シートは、幅方向に平行な部位を保持されない場合が多いことから、上記特許に規定される発泡シートでは予備加熱時のドローダウンが大きく、特に幅広の発泡シートでは、成形体にシワが発生する、発泡シート中央部付近で表面にヤケが生じる、または成型前に金型に接触して局部的に冷却される、などの成形不良を起こす場合があった。
【0006】
このように、軽量で断熱性および剛性があり、かつ連続成形機にて好適に成形しうるポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡シートは見出されていないのが現状であった。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、軽量で断熱性および剛性に優れ、かつ連続成形機にて好適に成形しうるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートを提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、ポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートの密度、独立気泡率、目付量、セル形状を規定することにより、軽量で、断熱性や剛性に優れると共に、連続成形機にて好適に成形しうることから、成形体の生産性が高いことをようやく見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
すなわち本発明は、密度110〜180kg/m、独立気泡率40%以上、目付量0.250〜0.350kg/mであり、セル形状が下記(1)および(2)式を満足することを特徴とするポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートに関する。(請求項1)
12≦NHD≦20       …(1)
0.6≦NTD/NMD≦0.9   …(2)
HD:厚み方向の平均セル壁数
TD:幅方向の1mmあたりの平均セル壁数
MD:押出方向の1mmあたりの平均セル壁数
また本発明は、幅方向の長さが1000mm以上である、前記ポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートにも関する。(請求項2)
また本発明は、前記ポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートを成形して得られるポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形体にも関する。(請求項3)
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、ポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートの密度、独立気泡率、目付量、セル形状を特定の範囲に規定することにより、断熱性と剛性、および成形体の生産性をバランスよく満たす発泡シートを提供するものである。
【0011】
本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートの密度は、110〜180kg/mである。前記発泡シートの密度が110kg/m未満であると、発泡シート及び該発泡シートを加熱成形した成形体の剛性が不足する場合があり、180kg/mを越えると、軽量性や断熱性が損なわれる場合があることから好ましくない。
【0012】
また本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートの独立気泡率は、40%以上であり、50%以上であることが好ましい。前記独立気泡率が40%未満であると、発泡シートおよび該発泡シートを加熱成形した成形体の剛性が不足したり、発泡シート成形時のドローダウンが大きくなる場合があることから好ましくない。
【0013】
また、本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートの目付量は、0.250〜0.350kg/mであり、0.260〜0.300kg/mであることが好ましい。前記発泡シートの目付量が0.250kg/m未満であると、発泡シートおよび該発泡シートを加熱成形した成形体の剛性が不足する場合があり、0.350kg/mを越えると、該成形体の重量が大きいことから軽量性に欠けるのみならず、多くの樹脂を必要として経済性に欠けることから好ましくない。
【0014】
また本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートは、厚み方向の平均セル壁数NHDは、12〜20である。 NHDが12未満であると、発泡シートおよび該発泡シートを加熱成形した成形体の断熱性や剛性が不足する場合があり、20を越えると、発泡シート成形時に、成形体側部の延伸ムラに起因する外観不良が発生する場合があることから好ましくない。
【0015】
なお、前記発泡シートの厚み方向の平均セル壁数とは、発泡シートの幅方向50mm間隔の部位の断面における、厚み方向のセル壁の数の平均値をいい、部分的に前記範囲を超える部位があってもよい。ここでセル壁とは、セルを構成する壁のうち、表皮を除くものを示す。
【0016】
また本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートは、幅方向の1mmあたりの平均セル壁数NTDと押出方向の1mmあたりの平均セル壁数NMDとの比NTD/ NMDは、0.6〜0.9である。 NTD/ NMDが0.6未満であると、発泡シート成形時に、成形体側部の延伸ムラに起因する外観不良が発生する場合があり、0.9を越えると、連続成形機にて成形する際に予備加熱時のドローダウンが大きく、成形体にシワが発生したり、発泡シート中央部付近で表面にヤケが生じたり、成型前に金型に接触して局部的に冷却される場合があることから好ましくない。
【0017】
なお、前記発泡シートの幅方向の1mmあたりの平均セル壁数、または押出方向の1mmあたりの平均セル壁数とは、発泡シートの幅方向50mm間隔の部位において、幅方向に平行、または押出方向に平行に切り出した断面において、幅方向または押出方向1mmの間に存在するセル壁の数の平均値をいい、部分的に前記範囲を超える部位があってもよい。なお、セル壁数を測定する箇所は、表面から厚みの4分の1内部の位置とする。
【0018】
以下、本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートの各方向のセル膜数の測定方法を、図に基づき説明する。図1は、発泡シートの幅方向に平行に切り出した断面の、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)における観察写真である。図1中、1は厚み方向に平行に引いた線であり、この線と、表皮を除くセル壁が交差した個数を数えて、この部位での厚み方向のセル壁数とする。また図1中、2は表面から厚みの4分の1内部の位置に、幅方向に平行に引いた長さ1mmの線であり、この線とセル壁が交差した個数を数えて、この部位での幅方向の1mmあたりのセル数とする。また発泡シートの押出方向に平行に切り出した断面も同様に観察し、同様の手法にて押出方向の1mmあたりのセル数を測定する。以上の手順にて、発泡シートの幅方向50mmの間隔の部位にて各方向のセル数を測定し、平均値を算出する。
【0019】
また本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートは、成形体を一度に多数個成形できることから、幅方向の長さが1000mm以上であることが好ましい。
【0020】
なお、本発明で用いられるポリプロピレン系樹脂とは、プロピレンの単独重合体、またはエチレン、炭素数4以上のα−オレフィンから選ばれる1または2以上の共重合成分とプロピレンのランダム共重合体またはブロック共重合体であるが、所望の形態の発泡シートの製造を容易にする目的で、イソプレンなどのモノマー及びラジカル重合開始剤との反応、または放射線照射などにより変性した樹脂でもよい。ポリプロピレン系樹脂が前記ランダム共重合体またはブロック共重合体である場合、共重合体中にしめるプロピレン成分の割合は75%以上であることが、ポリプロピレン系樹脂の特徴である耐熱性や剛性が損なわれないことから好ましい。
【0021】
また本発明で用いられるポリプロピレン系樹脂の230℃におけるメルトフローレートは、10g/10分以下、さらには8g/10分以下であることが、押出発泡においてダイでの圧力保持が容易であることから好ましい。
【0022】
さらに本発明で用いられるポリプロピレン系樹脂の230℃におけるメルトテンションは、5g以上であることが、所望の形態の発泡シートの製造が容易となることから好ましい。
【0023】
なおメルトテンションの測定には東洋精機製メルトテンションテスターを用い、230℃に加熱したポリプロピレン系樹脂を、口径1mm、長さ10mm、流入角45度のオリフィスから1m/minの速度でストランド状に押出し、該ストランドを張力検出用プーリ−を通過させて1m/minの速度から加速させながら巻き取り、該押出物が切断される際のテンション値を測定する。
【0024】
またポリプロピレン系樹脂には、必要に応じてほかの樹脂またはゴムを、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で添加してもよい。上記樹脂またはゴムとしては、例えばポリエチレン、ポリ−1−ブテン、ポリ−4−メチル−1−ペンテン、エチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体などのポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリスチレン、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体などのポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネートなどのポリエステル系樹脂、エチレン・α−オレフィン共重合体、スチレン・共役ジエンブロック共重合体、スチレン・共役ジエンブロック共重合体水素化物などのゴム、などの1種または2種以上が挙げられる。上記樹脂またはゴムを必要に応じてポリプロピレン系樹脂に添加する場合、ポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対し、添加量を50重量部未満とすることが好ましい。添加量が50重量部以上となると、耐熱性や、耐溶剤性などのポリプロピレン系樹脂の特徴が損なわれる場合がある。
【0025】
本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートは、前記ポリプロピレン系樹脂と発泡核剤、発泡剤を押出機内で混練した後に発泡適正温度まで冷却し、大気圧下に吐出して押出発泡し、所望のセル形状になる様延伸しながら引き取ることにより製造される。具体的な方法の一例としては、二台の押出機が連結されたタンデム型押出機を用い、前記ポリプロピレン系樹脂と発泡核剤をブレンダーで混合した後、一段目押出機に供給し、樹脂が溶融したのち発泡剤を高温、高圧下に圧入して混合し、引き続き二段目押出機に導入して発泡適正温度まで冷却し、環状のスリットを有するダイから押出発泡し、この筒状発泡体を冷却筒にて延伸・冷却した後に切り開き、シート状に引き取る方法が挙げられる。その他、タンデム押出機の代わりに、二軸押出機にギアポンプを連結したシステムなども好適に用いられる。
【0026】
また本発明において好ましい発泡剤としては、例えばプロパン、ブタン、イソブタン、ペンタン、ヘキサン、ヘプタンなどの脂肪族炭化水素類、シクロブタン、シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサンなどの脂環式炭化水素類、クロロジフルオロメタン、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロフルオロメタン、トリクロロフルオロメタン、クロロエタン、ジクロロトリフルオロエタン、トリクロロテトラフルオロエタン、テトラクロロジフルオロエタンなどのハロゲン化炭化水素類、二酸化炭素、窒素、空気などの無機ガス、水などの1種または2種以上の揮発型発泡剤が挙げられる。これらの内、上記セル形状を有する押出発泡シートを容易に製造できることから、二酸化炭素を含有していることが好ましく、二酸化炭素単独であることがさらに好ましい。
【0027】
発泡剤の添加量は発泡剤の種類および目標発泡倍率によって選択されるが、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、及び上記必要に応じ添加される樹脂またはゴムからなる基材樹脂100重量部に対して0.8〜2.5重量部が好ましい。
【0028】
また、発泡シートのセル密度を適宜の大きさに調整するために添加される発泡核剤としては、クエン酸などの有機酸と重炭酸ソーダの混合物、タルク、マイカなどの1種または2種以上が挙げられる。これらの内、少量の添加で効果が高いことから、クエン酸などの有機酸と重炭酸ソーダの混合物が好ましい。また前記発泡核剤は、ポリプロピレン系樹脂または他の樹脂に高濃度に配合された、マスターバッチとなっているものも好適に使用される。
【0029】
前記発泡核剤の添加量は、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、及び上記必要に応じ添加される樹脂またはゴムからなる基材樹脂100重量部に対して0.05〜1.0重量部が好ましい。
【0030】
本発明において、環状スリットダイから吐出された筒状発泡体は、冷却筒に被せることで主に幅方向に延伸され、これに伴い発泡シートの幅方向の1mmあたりの平均セル壁数が変化する。また発泡シートの引取速度の変更により、主に押出方向の延伸の程度が変化し、発泡シートの1mmあたりの押出方向の平均セル壁数が変化する。しかし、冷却筒の直径は得られる発泡シート幅に影響し、引取速度は発泡シートの厚さや目付量などに影響することから、製造装置の能力などに応じてダイや冷却筒、運転条件を厳密に選定する必要がある。
【0031】
また本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートは、断熱性や剛性、耐熱性、耐溶剤性などの物性を損なわない範囲で、難燃剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、銅害防止剤、フィラー、滑剤、顔料などの添加剤を含有していても良い。
【0032】
本発明における発泡シートは、プラグ成形や真空成形、圧空成形など加熱成形性に優れることから、プラグ成形、マッチド・モールド成形、ストレート成形、ドレープ成形、プラグアシスト成形、プラグアシスト・リバースドロー成形、エアスリップ成形、スナップバック成形、リバースドロー成形、フリードローイング成形、プラグ・アンド・リッジ成形、リッジ成形などの方法により、耐熱性、剛性、断熱性に優れた成形体を得ることができる。
【0033】
また、本発明におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートは、発泡シートの側部のみを保持して加熱してもドローダウンが小さいことから、特に連続成形機での成形に好適である。
【0034】
なお、前記加熱成形は発泡シートを予備加熱した後に成形するものであるが、予備加熱の際に発泡シートの二次発泡などにより、密度やセル構造、独立気泡率が変化する場合がある。
【0035】
また、本発明における発泡シートは表面性や、加熱成形性などの改良や、さらなる剛性を得る目的のために、前記発泡シート表面に、熱可塑性樹脂からなる非発泡層を片面または両面に形成してもよい。前記熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリスチレン系樹脂、変性ポリフェニレンエーテル系樹脂、ポリエチレン系樹脂、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート系樹脂、ポリブチレンテレフタレート系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリアリレート系樹脂、ポリイミド系樹脂、ポリエーテルスルホン酸系樹脂、ポリスルホン系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂などを単独または2種以上組み合わせて用いることができるが、発泡シートとの接着性の点からポリプロピレン系樹脂が好ましい。前記非発泡層を成型する方法は特に限定されるものではなく、発泡シートを作成した後に、別途作成した非発泡フィルムを加熱または接着剤を用いてラミネートして成形してもよいし、発泡シート上に別途押出してラミネートしてもよい。
【0036】
【実施例】
つぎに実施例および比較例に基づいて、本発明に関するポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートについて説明するが、本発明はかかる実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
(発泡シートの密度の測定)
JIS−K6767に準じて算出した。
(発泡シートの独立気泡率の測定)
ASTM D−2856に記載の方法に準じ、エアピクノメータにより測定した。
(発泡シートの目付の測定)
発泡シートの幅方向に平行に、幅100mmに切り出した短冊の面積と重量から算出した。
(発泡シートの各方向の平均セル壁数の測定)
本発明のポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートの幅方向50mm間隔の部位において、押出方向に平行、または幅方向に平行に切り出した断面を、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて25〜100倍に拡大して観察し、発泡シートの表皮を除く厚み方向のセル壁の数の平均値をNHD、表面から厚みの4分の1内部の位置において、幅方向1mmの間に存在するセル壁の数の平均値をNTD、表面から厚みの4分の1内部の位置において、押出方向1mmの間に存在するセル壁の数の平均値をNMDとした。
(発泡シートの断熱性評価)
英弘精機(株)製熱伝導率測定装置(HC−074)にて、JIS A−1412に記載の方法に準じ、平均温度20℃における熱伝導率を測定し、以下の基準にて評価した。
【0037】
○:熱伝導率が0.049W/m・K未満
×:熱伝導率が0.049W/m・K以上
(発泡シートの剛性評価)
本発明のポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートを、幅方向に100mm間隔、押出方向に50mm間隔に切り出して、室温(23℃)下、オートグラフ(島津製作所(株)製、DSS−2000)を用い、支点間距離20mm、荷重治具R=5mm、荷重速度5mm/分で3点曲げ試験により初期荷重(N)に対するたわみ量(mm)を測定して下記(3)式により曲げ剛性(N/m)を算出し、以下の基準にて評価した。
【0038】
(曲げ剛性)=20×10−6×荷重/(48×たわみ量) …(3)
○:曲げ剛性が2.5×10−3N・m以上
×:曲げ剛性が2.5×10−3N・m未満
(発泡シートの成形性評価)
連続成形機(浅野研究所(株)製、FLC415−PB4−C3−S)を用い、上ヒータ設定温度を390℃、下ヒータ設定温度を330℃として成形を行い、一度に成形される全ての成形体の外観について評価した。なお、成形金型には容器寸法210mm×180mm×H30mmの角型形状容器で、シート流れ方向4個、シート巾方向5個の計20個取りの金型を用い、上金型を雌型、下金型を雄型に用いたマッチド・モールド成形を行った。
【0039】
【実施例1】
プロピレン単独重合体(230℃でのメルトフローレート0.5g/10分、230℃でのメルトテンション12g)100重量部と、発泡核剤として重曹−クエン酸混合物0.15重量部をリボンブレンダーでドライブレンドした後、上記混合物を80kg/hで90mm−125mmφタンデム型押出機に供給し、第一段押出機(90mmφ)中にて220℃で可塑化した後、押出機先端部から二酸化炭素をプロピレン単独重合体100重量部に対して1.1重量部圧入して溶融樹脂と混練し、第二段押出機(125mmφ)中にて樹脂温度が165℃になる様冷却し、環状スリットダイ(127mmφ)より大気下に押出し、直径336mm、長さ850mmの冷却筒にて延伸・冷却しつつ、4.5m/minの速度にて引き取ることにより幅1040mmの発泡シートを得た。得られた発泡シートの物性及び評価結果を表2に示す。
【0040】
【実施例2〜5】
二酸化炭素圧入量、二段目押出機における樹脂温度、冷却筒の直径、発泡シートの引取速度を、表1に示す様に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得た。発泡シートの物性及び評価結果を表2に示す。
【0041】
【比較例1〜5】
二酸化炭素圧入量、二段目押出機における樹脂温度、冷却筒の直径、発泡シートの引取速度を、表1に示す様に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡シートを得た。発泡シートの物性及び評価結果を表2に示す。
【0042】
【表1】

Figure 2004058334
【0043】
【表2】
Figure 2004058334
表2に示される様に、本発明の実施例におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートは、断熱性、剛性、成形性に優れるものであった。これに対し、比較例1の発泡シートは目付量およびNHDが少なく、剛性や断熱性が低かった。比較例2の発泡シートはNTD/NMDが大きいことから、成形時の予備加熱においてドローダウンが大きく、シワのある成形体が見られた。比較例3の発泡シートは密度や目付量が大きく、独立気泡率が低く、成形体表面に荒れが見られ、また断熱性も低かった。比較例4の発泡シートはNTD/NMDが小さく、成形体に延伸不足に伴う筋が見られた。比較例5の発泡シートは低密度で、NHDが多く、剛性が低かった。
【0044】
【発明の効果】
本発明のポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートは、密度、独立気泡率、目付量、セル形状を規定していることから、軽量で、断熱性および剛性に優れ、かつ連続成形機にて好適に成形しうるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明における発泡シートの幅方向に平行に切り出した断面の一例である。(走査型電子顕微鏡による観察写真)
【符号の説明】
1 発泡シートの厚み方向に平行に引いた線
2 発泡シートの幅方向に平行に引いた長さ1mmの線[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a foamed polypropylene resin sheet that can be suitably molded into a food packaging container or the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a foamed polypropylene resin sheet capable of efficiently producing a molded article because it is lightweight, has excellent heat insulating properties and rigidity, and has a small drawdown even when molded by a wide continuous molding machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A foamed sheet made of a thermoplastic resin is generally light in weight, has good heat insulating properties and cushioning properties, and can be molded by heat molding. It is widely used in applications such as materials, food containers, heat insulating materials, and automotive components. In recent years, polypropylene resins having excellent heat resistance and solvent resistance have also been used.
[0003]
However, the polypropylene resin has low viscosity and tensile strength at the time of melting, does not sufficiently maintain the strength of the cell wall at the time of foaming, and it has been difficult to obtain a foamed sheet having a high closed cell rate. Japanese Patent No. 2521388 proposes a method using a polypropylene resin having a specific molecular weight and equilibrium compliance. However, since a polypropylene resin has lower rigidity than a polystyrene resin, a foamed sheet and a molded article thereof are used. The rigidity is low, and if the thickness of the foamed sheet itself is increased in order to improve the rigidity, the weight per unit area, that is, the weight per unit area increases, and thus there is a problem in cost.
[0004]
In recent years, for the purpose of solving such a problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-130412 discloses a polypropylene-based resin foam sheet in which a density, a thickness, and a closed cell ratio are within a certain range, and a cell shape is a specific shape. It discloses that physical properties such as rigidity and appearance of the foamed sheet and appearance are improved.
[0005]
However, in the case of the foam sheet specified in the above patent, a problem may occur when the foam sheet is formed. In general, when a foamed sheet is formed commercially, from the viewpoint of production efficiency, a roll-shaped foamed sheet is sequentially fed out, the side of the foamed sheet is held by clamps or pins, and the foamed sheet is intermittently transported by a predetermined length to perform a preheating step. The so-called continuous molding is performed by passing through a molding process. However, since the foamed sheet often does not hold a portion parallel to the width direction, the drawdown at the time of preheating is large in the foamed sheet specified in the above patent, and particularly in a wide foamed sheet, wrinkles are formed on the molded body. In some cases, molding defects occur, such as occurrence of burns, burns on the surface near the center of the foamed sheet, or local contact with the mold before molding.
[0006]
As described above, a polypropylene-based resin foam sheet that is lightweight, has heat insulation properties and rigidity, and can be suitably molded by a continuous molding machine has not been found at present.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide an extruded polypropylene resin sheet which is lightweight, has excellent heat insulating properties and rigidity, and can be suitably molded by a continuous molding machine.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, by defining the density, closed cell ratio, basis weight, and cell shape of the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet, it is lightweight, heat insulating and rigid. In addition, it was finally found that the productivity of a molded article was high because it was excellent in the above-mentioned method, and it could be suitably molded by a continuous molding machine, and completed the present invention.
[0009]
That is, the present invention has a density of 110 to 180 kg / m 3 , a closed cell ratio of 40% or more, a basis weight of 0.250 to 0.350 kg / m 2 , and a cell shape satisfying the following formulas (1) and (2). And a polypropylene-based resin extruded foam sheet. (Claim 1)
12 ≦ N HD ≦ 20 (1)
0.6 ≦ N TD / N MD ≦ 0.9 (2)
N HD : average number of cell walls in the thickness direction N TD : average number of cell walls per 1 mm in the width direction N MD : average number of cell walls per 1 mm in the extrusion direction In the present invention, the length in the width direction is 1000 mm or more. The present invention also relates to the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet. (Claim 2)
The present invention also relates to a foamed polypropylene resin molded article obtained by molding the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet. (Claim 3)
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a foamed sheet that satisfies a good balance of heat insulating property and rigidity, and productivity of a molded product by defining the density, closed cell rate, basis weight, and cell shape of a polypropylene resin extruded foamed sheet in a specific range. To provide.
[0011]
The density of the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet in the present invention is 110 to 180 kg / m 3 . Wherein the density of the foamed sheet is less than 110 kg / m 3, there is a case the rigidity of the foam sheet and the molded body was heated molded foamed sheet is insufficient, when it exceeds 180 kg / m 3, light weight and thermal insulation It is not preferable because it may be damaged.
[0012]
In addition, the closed cell rate of the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet of the present invention is 40% or more, and preferably 50% or more. If the closed cell ratio is less than 40%, the rigidity of the foamed sheet and the molded article obtained by heat-molding the foamed sheet may be insufficient, or the drawdown at the time of molding the foamed sheet may be undesirably increased.
[0013]
Further, the basis weight of the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet in the present invention is 0.250 to 0.350 kg / m 2 , and preferably 0.260 to 0.300 kg / m 2 . Wherein the basis weight of the foam sheet is less than 0.250kg / m 2, there is a case the rigidity of the molded body was heated molded foamed sheet and foamed sheet is insufficient, when it exceeds 0.350kg / m 2, the Since the weight of the molded article is large, not only is it not lightweight, but it is not preferable because it requires a large amount of resin and lacks economy.
[0014]
Further, the extruded polypropylene resin sheet of the present invention has an average cell wall number N HD in the thickness direction of 12 to 20. If the N HD is less than 12, the heat insulating properties and rigidity of the foamed sheet and the molded article obtained by heat molding the foamed sheet may be insufficient. This is not preferable because poor appearance may occur.
[0015]
The average number of cell walls in the thickness direction of the foamed sheet refers to an average value of the number of cell walls in the thickness direction in a cross section of the foamed sheet at intervals of 50 mm in the width direction, and a portion partially exceeding the range. There may be. Here, the cell wall refers to a wall constituting the cell except for the skin.
[0016]
The polypropylene resin extruded foam sheet of the present invention, the ratio N TD / N MD and the average cell wall number N MD per 1mm of the average cell wall number N TD and the extrusion direction per 1mm width direction, 0.6 0.9. If N TD / N MD is less than 0.6, poor appearance may occur due to stretching unevenness on the side of the molded article during foam sheet molding. If it exceeds 0.9, molding with a continuous molding machine may be performed. When the drawdown during preheating is large, wrinkles occur in the molded body, burns occur on the surface near the center of the foamed sheet, or when the mold is locally cooled by contacting the mold before molding Is not preferred because of
[0017]
The average number of cell walls per 1 mm in the width direction of the foam sheet or the average number of cell walls per 1 mm in the extrusion direction is parallel to the width direction or at the extrusion direction at a portion of the foam sheet at intervals of 50 mm in the width direction. Refers to the average value of the number of cell walls existing in the width direction or in the extrusion direction of 1 mm in a cross section cut out in parallel to, and there may be a portion partially exceeding the above range. The location where the number of cell walls is measured is a location inside the quarter of the thickness from the surface.
[0018]
Hereinafter, a method for measuring the number of cell membranes in each direction of the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a photograph taken by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) of a cross section cut out in parallel to the width direction of the foam sheet. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a line drawn in parallel with the thickness direction, and the number of intersections of this line and the cell walls except for the skin is counted, and this is defined as the number of cell walls in the thickness direction at this portion. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 denotes a line of 1 mm in length drawn parallel to the width direction at a position inside a quarter of the thickness from the surface, and the number of intersections of this line and the cell wall is counted. Is the number of cells per 1 mm in the width direction. A cross section of the foamed sheet cut in parallel to the extrusion direction is also observed, and the number of cells per 1 mm in the extrusion direction is measured by the same method. According to the above procedure, the number of cells in each direction is measured at a portion of the foam sheet at an interval of 50 mm in the width direction, and an average value is calculated.
[0019]
In addition, since the extruded polypropylene resin sheet of the present invention can form a large number of molded articles at a time, it is preferable that the length in the width direction is 1000 mm or more.
[0020]
The polypropylene resin used in the present invention is a propylene homopolymer, or a random copolymer or block of propylene and one or two or more copolymer components selected from α-olefins having 4 or more carbon atoms and propylene. Although it is a copolymer, it may be a resin modified by a reaction with a monomer such as isoprene and a radical polymerization initiator or by irradiation with radiation for the purpose of facilitating production of a foamed sheet of a desired form. When the polypropylene-based resin is the random copolymer or the block copolymer, the proportion of the propylene component contained in the copolymer is 75% or more, which impairs the heat resistance and rigidity characteristic of the polypropylene-based resin. It is preferable because it does not exist.
[0021]
Further, the melt flow rate at 230 ° C. of the polypropylene resin used in the present invention is 10 g / 10 min or less, and more preferably 8 g / 10 min or less, because it is easy to hold the pressure with a die in extrusion foaming. preferable.
[0022]
Further, the melt tension at 230 ° C. of the polypropylene resin used in the present invention is preferably 5 g or more, because it facilitates production of a foamed sheet of a desired form.
[0023]
The melt tension was measured using a melt tension tester manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd., and a polypropylene resin heated to 230 ° C. was extruded into a strand at a speed of 1 m / min from an orifice having a diameter of 1 mm, a length of 10 mm and an inflow angle of 45 °. Then, the strand is passed through a pulley for tension detection and wound up while being accelerated from a speed of 1 m / min, and the tension value when the extrudate is cut is measured.
[0024]
If necessary, other resins or rubbers may be added to the polypropylene resin within a range not to impair the effects of the present invention. Examples of the resin or rubber include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, poly-1-butene, poly-4-methyl-1-pentene and ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer, and polystyrene such as polystyrene and styrene-butadiene copolymer. Resin, polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, etc., rubber such as ethylene / α-olefin copolymer, styrene / conjugated diene block copolymer, styrene / conjugated diene block copolymer hydride, etc. Or one or more of these. When the above resin or rubber is added to the polypropylene resin as required, it is preferable that the addition amount is less than 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin. If the addition amount is 50 parts by weight or more, characteristics of the polypropylene resin such as heat resistance and solvent resistance may be impaired.
[0025]
The polypropylene-based resin extruded foam sheet of the present invention is formed by kneading the polypropylene-based resin and a foam nucleating agent and a foaming agent in an extruder, then cooling the foamed foam to an appropriate foaming temperature, and extruding the foamed foam under atmospheric pressure to form a desired cell. It is manufactured by drawing and drawing while taking it into a shape. As an example of a specific method, using a tandem type extruder in which two extruders are connected, after mixing the polypropylene-based resin and the foam nucleating agent in a blender, supplying the mixed resin to the first-stage extruder, After being melted, the foaming agent is pressed and mixed at a high temperature and a high pressure, then introduced into a second extruder, cooled to an appropriate foaming temperature, and extruded and foamed from a die having an annular slit. Is stretched and cooled in a cooling cylinder, then cut open, and taken out in a sheet shape. In addition, instead of the tandem extruder, a system in which a gear pump is connected to a twin-screw extruder is also preferably used.
[0026]
Further, in the present invention, preferable foaming agents include, for example, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, hexane, and heptane; cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclobutane, cyclopentane and cyclohexane; chlorodifluoromethane; and dichloromethane. One or two of halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichlorofluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, chloroethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane, trichlorotetrafluoroethane and tetrachlorodifluoroethane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, inorganic gas such as air, water and the like. At least one kind of volatile foaming agent may be used. Of these, carbon dioxide is preferably contained, and carbon dioxide alone is more preferred, because an extruded foamed sheet having the above-mentioned cell shape can be easily produced.
[0027]
The amount of the foaming agent to be added is selected depending on the type of the foaming agent and the target expansion ratio, and is 0.8 to 0.8 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base resin composed of the polypropylene-based resin and the resin or rubber added as necessary. 2.5 parts by weight are preferred.
[0028]
Examples of the foam nucleating agent added to adjust the cell density of the foam sheet to an appropriate size include one or more of a mixture of an organic acid such as citric acid and sodium bicarbonate, talc, and mica. Can be Among them, a mixture of an organic acid such as citric acid and sodium bicarbonate is preferred because a small amount of the additive is highly effective. Also, as the foam nucleating agent, a master batch mixed with a polypropylene resin or another resin at a high concentration is preferably used.
[0029]
The addition amount of the foam nucleating agent is preferably 0.05 to 1.0 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base resin composed of the polypropylene resin and the resin or rubber added as required.
[0030]
In the present invention, the tubular foam discharged from the annular slit die is stretched mainly in the width direction by covering the cooling tube, and accordingly, the average number of cell walls per 1 mm in the width direction of the foam sheet changes. . Also, by changing the take-up speed of the foam sheet, the degree of stretching mainly in the extrusion direction changes, and the average number of cell walls in the extrusion direction per 1 mm of the foam sheet changes. However, since the diameter of the cooling cylinder affects the width of the foam sheet to be obtained, and the take-off speed affects the thickness and the basis weight of the foam sheet, the die, cooling cylinder, and operating conditions must be strict according to the capabilities of the manufacturing equipment. Must be selected.
[0031]
Further, the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet of the present invention is a flame retardant, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a copper damage inhibitor, a filler, as long as physical properties such as heat insulation and rigidity, heat resistance and solvent resistance are not impaired. It may contain additives such as lubricants and pigments.
[0032]
The foamed sheet of the present invention is excellent in heat moldability such as plug molding, vacuum molding, air pressure molding, etc., so that plug molding, matched mold molding, straight molding, drape molding, plug assist molding, plug assist reverse draw molding, air By a method such as slip molding, snapback molding, reverse draw molding, free drawing molding, plug and ridge molding, and ridge molding, a molded article having excellent heat resistance, rigidity, and heat insulation can be obtained.
[0033]
Further, the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet of the present invention has a small drawdown even when heated while holding only the side portion of the foam sheet, and is particularly suitable for molding by a continuous molding machine.
[0034]
The heat molding is performed after pre-heating the foamed sheet. However, the density, cell structure, and closed cell rate may change due to secondary foaming of the foamed sheet during the pre-heating.
[0035]
In addition, the foamed sheet of the present invention is formed on one or both sides of a non-foamed layer made of a thermoplastic resin on the surface of the foamed sheet, for the purpose of improving surface properties, heat moldability and the like, and obtaining further rigidity. You may. As the thermoplastic resin, polystyrene resin, modified polyphenylene ether resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyamide resin, polyarylate resin, polyimide resin, poly An ether sulfonic acid resin, a polysulfone resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polycarbonate resin, or the like can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. And a polypropylene resin is preferred. The method of molding the non-foamed layer is not particularly limited, and after forming a foamed sheet, a separately prepared non-foamed film may be laminated by heating or using an adhesive, or a foamed sheet may be formed. It may be separately extruded on top and laminated.
[0036]
【Example】
Next, the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet according to the present invention will be described based on examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to only these examples.
(Measurement of density of foam sheet)
It was calculated according to JIS-K6767.
(Measurement of closed cell rate of foam sheet)
According to the method described in ASTM D-2856, it was measured with an air pycnometer.
(Measurement of basis weight of foam sheet)
It was calculated from the area and weight of a strip cut out to a width of 100 mm in parallel with the width direction of the foam sheet.
(Measurement of average cell wall number in each direction of foam sheet)
The cross section cut out parallel to the extrusion direction or parallel to the width direction at a portion of the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet of the present invention at a distance of 50 mm in the width direction is magnified 25 to 100 times by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The average value of the number of cell walls in the thickness direction excluding the skin of the foamed sheet was N HD , and the number of cell walls existing in a width direction of 1 mm at a position inside a quarter of the thickness from the surface. The average value was N TD , and the average value of the number of cell walls existing within 1/4 of the thickness from the surface in the extrusion direction of 1 mm was N MD .
(Evaluation of thermal insulation of foam sheet)
The thermal conductivity at an average temperature of 20 ° C. was measured using a thermal conductivity measuring device (HC-074) manufactured by Eiko Seiki Co., Ltd. according to the method described in JIS A-1412, and evaluated according to the following criteria.
[0037]
:: Thermal conductivity is less than 0.049 W / m · K ×: Thermal conductivity is 0.049 W / m · K or more (evaluation of rigidity of foam sheet)
The extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet of the present invention is cut out at intervals of 100 mm in the width direction and at intervals of 50 mm in the extrusion direction, and at room temperature (23 ° C.), using an autograph (DSS-2000, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) The deflection (mm) with respect to the initial load (N) was measured by a three-point bending test at a distance between supporting points of 20 mm, a load jig R = 5 mm, and a load speed of 5 mm / min. 2 ) was calculated and evaluated according to the following criteria.
[0038]
(Bending rigidity) = 20 3 × 10 −6 × load / (48 × deflection amount) (3)
:: Flexural rigidity of 2.5 × 10 −3 N · m 2 or more ×: Flexural rigidity of less than 2.5 × 10 −3 N · m 2 (evaluation of formability of foam sheet)
Using a continuous molding machine (FLC415-PB4-C3-S, manufactured by Asano Research Institute Co., Ltd.), molding was performed with the upper heater set temperature at 390 ° C. and the lower heater set temperature at 330 ° C. The appearance of the molded article was evaluated. The forming mold is a square-shaped container having a container size of 210 mm × 180 mm × H30 mm, and a total of 20 dies each having a sheet flow direction of 4 and a sheet width direction of 5 are used. Matched molding was performed using the lower mold as a male mold.
[0039]
Embodiment 1
100 parts by weight of a propylene homopolymer (melt flow rate at 230 ° C .: 0.5 g / 10 min, melt tension at 230 ° C .: 12 g) and 0.15 parts by weight of a baking soda-citric acid mixture as a foam nucleating agent are mixed with a ribbon blender. After dry blending, the mixture was fed at 80 kg / h to a 90 mm-125 mm φ tandem extruder, and plasticized at 220 ° C. in a first stage extruder (90 mm φ). 1.1 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight of propylene homopolymer were press-fitted, kneaded with the molten resin, cooled in a second-stage extruder (125 mmφ) so that the resin temperature became 165 ° C., and an annular slit die ( (127 mmφ) from the air, and stretched and cooled by a cooling cylinder with a diameter of 336 mm and a length of 850 mm, and withdrawn at a speed of 4.5 m / min. Ri to obtain a foam sheet of the width of 1040mm. Table 2 shows the physical properties and evaluation results of the obtained foamed sheet.
[0040]
[Examples 2 to 5]
A foamed sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of carbon dioxide injected, the resin temperature in the second-stage extruder, the diameter of the cooling cylinder, and the take-up speed of the foamed sheet were changed as shown in Table 1. Table 2 shows the physical properties and evaluation results of the foamed sheet.
[0041]
[Comparative Examples 1 to 5]
A foamed sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of carbon dioxide injected, the resin temperature in the second-stage extruder, the diameter of the cooling cylinder, and the take-up speed of the foamed sheet were changed as shown in Table 1. Table 2 shows the physical properties and evaluation results of the foamed sheet.
[0042]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004058334
[0043]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004058334
As shown in Table 2, the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet in the examples of the present invention was excellent in heat insulation, rigidity, and moldability. In contrast, the foamed sheet of Comparative Example 1 has less weight per unit area and N HD, rigidity and insulation resistance was low. Since the foamed sheet of Comparative Example 2 had a large N TD / N MD , a drawdown was large in preheating during molding, and a wrinkled molded article was observed. The foamed sheet of Comparative Example 3 was large in density and basis weight, low in closed cell ratio, rough on the surface of the molded product, and low in heat insulation. In the foamed sheet of Comparative Example 4, N TD / N MD was small, and streaks due to insufficient stretching were observed in the molded article. Foam sheet of Comparative Example 5 is a low density, many N HD, stiffness was low.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
Since the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet of the present invention regulates the density, the closed cell rate, the basis weight, and the cell shape, it is lightweight, has excellent heat insulating properties and rigidity, and is suitably molded by a continuous molding machine. It is a good thing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an example of a cross section cut out in parallel to a width direction of a foam sheet in the present invention. (Photo taken by scanning electron microscope)
[Explanation of symbols]
1 line drawn parallel to the thickness direction of the foam sheet 2 line 1 mm long drawn parallel to the width direction of the foam sheet

Claims (3)

密度110〜180kg/m、独立気泡率40%以上、目付量0.250〜0.350kg/mであり、セル形状が下記(1)および(2)式を満足することを特徴とするポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シート。
12≦NHD≦20         …(1)
0.6≦NTD/NMD≦0.9     …(2)
HD:厚み方向の平均セル壁数
TD:幅方向の1mmあたりの平均セル壁数
MD:押出方向の1mmあたりの平均セル壁数
The density is 110 to 180 kg / m 3 , the closed cell rate is 40% or more, the basis weight is 0.250 to 0.350 kg / m 2 , and the cell shape satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2). Extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet.
12 ≦ N HD ≦ 20 (1)
0.6 ≦ N TD / N MD ≦ 0.9 (2)
N HD : average number of cell walls in the thickness direction N TD : average number of cell walls per 1 mm in the width direction N MD : average number of cell walls per 1 mm in the extrusion direction
幅方向の長さが1000mm以上である、請求項1記載のポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シート。The extruded polypropylene resin sheet according to claim 1, wherein the length in the width direction is 1000 mm or more. 請求項1のポリプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡シートを成形して得られるポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形体。A foamed polypropylene resin product obtained by molding the extruded polypropylene resin foam sheet according to claim 1.
JP2002217155A 2002-07-25 2002-07-25 Polypropylene resin extrusion foamed sheet and its molded product Pending JP2004058334A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101118892B1 (en) * 2009-09-23 2012-03-13 김춘식 Manufacturing method of foamed film

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101118892B1 (en) * 2009-09-23 2012-03-13 김춘식 Manufacturing method of foamed film

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