JP2004057412A

JP2004057412A - Diaper easy to fit in standing position

Info

Publication number: JP2004057412A
Application number: JP2002218961A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Yasuyuki Okuda; 奥田　泰之; Haruko Toyoshima; 豊島　晴子
Original assignee: Kao Corp
Current assignee: Kao Corp
Priority date: 2002-07-26
Filing date: 2002-07-26
Publication date: 2004-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2022-07-26
Also published as: JP4086576B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a disposable diaper which is easy to fit by various kinds of fitting methods by simply performing replacing and temporarily fitting of fastening tapes when fitting the diaper. <P>SOLUTION: This diaper has an extensible part having a width of ≥40 mm in a contracted state between the fastening tapes. A tensile load when a part between the tapes 5 is stretched to 95% of the maximum stretched width in the width direction of the diaper ranges 100 to 500 gf. As for the tapes 5 and a landing zone 53, engaging force after applying shearing force to the engaging face of each is larger than that before applying, three-dimensional gathers 6 are arranged with stretching ratio of ≥100%, the tensile load by an effective stretching ratio ranges 20 to 120 gf, and a tensile load increase ratio from the stretching ratio of 20 % until the effective stretching ratio is ≤1.0 (gf/%). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、おむつ装着の際に、ファスニングテープの付け直しや仮止めを簡単に行うことができ、様々な装着方法、特に立位で容易に装着することのできるおむつに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、使い捨ておむつとして、ファスニングテープを有する展開型の使い捨ておむつと、予めパンツ型に形成されたパンツ型の使い捨ておむつとが知られており、展開型の使い捨ておむつは、新生児から使用できることや、製造コストが安いこと等から、最も一般的に用いられている。
【０００３】
しかし、従来の展開型使い捨ておむつは、静かに仰向けに寝ている状態（以下、寝位ともいう）の被装着者（赤ちゃん等）に対しては容易に装着できるが、活動が活発になった幼児期の頃は、おむつ交換をするために寝位で静止していることは少なく、また、寝位になることさえ嫌がる場合も多く、そのような場合に寝位で装着するのは非常に大変である。特に寝位での装着を嫌がったりする場合、例えば、はいはいをして逃げ回ったりする場合には、その装着が容易ではない。そのような子供に対しては四つんばいや立っている状態（以下、立位ともいう）で装着を試みることになるが、従来のおむつでは、この場合も装着は容易ではない。
その一つの要因としては、従来の一般的な展開型使い捨ておむつは、寝位状態の被装着者に対して、その腹側においてファスニングテープをランディングゾーンに止着し装着するように設計されており、それ以外の方法で装着することが困難であるということが挙げられる。例えば、立ち上がった状態の被装着者に対して装着（以下、立位装着ともいう）したり、寝位又は立位の被装着者に対して、その背側でファスニングテープをランディングゾーンに止着して装着することは困難である。
また、他の原因としては寝位での装着の場合では、おむつは被装着者の背中と床（若しくは寝具）などの間に挟まれ、被装着者の荷重により装着位置から移動しにくい状態となっているのに対し、立位での装着の場合では、おむつはどこにも固定されていないために、装着者自身がおむつを装着位置から動かないように保持しながら、装着を行わなければならないことが挙げられる。
このような状況で、親はパンツ型のおむつを使用することを検討しはじめるが、つかまり立ちが始まったばかりのような乳幼児では立って脚を上げることが難しいので、結局パンツ型おむつを使うことを挫折してしまう。
【０００４】
また、従来の展開型使い捨ておむつにおいては、着用中の負荷や幼児のいたずらによるファスニングテープの外れ等、装着者（親等）の意図しない外れを防止するために、最初の係合止着時から強い係合力が得られるようになっている。
そのため、ファスニングテープをランディングゾーン上の不適切な位置に係合止着させてしまった場合に、そのファスニングテープを、適切な位置に付け直すべく引き剥がすには、強い力が必要であり、ファスニングテープを強い力で引っ張ると、装着途中のおむつに意図しない変形が生じて、更に装着が面倒になる。特に、このタイプのおむつで立位での装着を試みると、ファスニングテープはランディングゾーン上の不適切な位置に係合止着しがちであり、しかも幼児は逃げようとするので適正な位置へ係合止着し直すことはより困難となる。
【０００５】
また、一対のファスニングテープ同士間を収縮させることで、装着時のフィット性を向上させたおむつもあるが、ファスニングテープ同士間の伸長応力が大きく、実際の装着の際には伸びにくいものが多かった。そのようなおむつでは伸張させるために大きな引っ張り力が必要で、装着作業中にそのような力で引っ張ると装着途中のおむつに意図しない変形が生じて、更に装着が面倒になる。特に、立位の装着ではおむつを装着状態に維持する手段がないために顕著である。
【０００６】
従って、本発明の目的は、おむつ装着の際に、ファスニングテープ同士間を容易に伸張させることができると共にファスニングテープの付け直しや仮止めが容易であり、特に立位で装着する場合の装着性及びモレ性能に優れた、立位での装着が容易な使い捨ておむつを提供することにある。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、液透過性の表面シート、液不透過性の裏面シート及び両シート間に介在された液保持性の吸収体を備え、長手方向の一方の部位の両側縁部にファスニングテープが設けられ、他方の部位の外表面に、前記ファスニングテープが機械的に係合するランディングゾーンが設けられ、一対の前記ファスニングテープ間に、おむつ幅方向に弾性伸縮する伸縮部が形成され、おむつ長手方向に沿って立体ギャザーが設けられているおむつであって、前記伸縮部は、収縮状態におけるおむつ幅方向の幅が４０ｍｍ以上であり、前記ファスニングテープ間を、おむつ幅方向の最大伸張幅の９５％まで伸張させたときの引張荷重が１００〜５００ｇｆであり、前記ファスニングテープを前記ランディングゾーンに係合止着した状態で、剪断方向に、前記ファスニングテープ間を最大伸張幅まで伸張させたときの引張荷重となるように引っ張り、その引っ張り状態を解除した後に測定した係合力が、剪断方向に引っ張らない以外は同様にして測定した係合力よりも大きく、前記立体ギャザーは１００％以上の伸張率で配されており、該立体ギャザーをおむつ非固定状態で伸張させたとき、おむつ配設状態における伸長率（％）から３０％減じた伸長率として定義される実効伸張率における引張荷重が２０〜１２０ｇｆであり、伸長率が２０％から前記実効伸長率までの間の引張荷重増加率が１．０（ｇｆ／％）以下である立位での装着が容易なおむつを提供することにより、前記目的を達成したものである。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を、その好ましい一実施形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。
本発明の一実施形態としての使い捨ておむつ１は、図１及び図２に示すように、液透過性の表面シート２、液不透過性の裏面シート３、及び両シート間に介在された液保持性の吸収体４を備えている。使い捨ておむつ１は、展開型の使い捨ておむつであり、長手方向の中央部に股下部Ａを有し、長手方向における該股下部Ａの両側に第１部Ｂ及び第２部Ｃを有している。そして、長手方向の一方の部位である第１部Ｂの両側縁部にファスニングテープ５，５が設けられ、他方の部位である第２部Ｃの外表面にファスニングテープ５，５を機械的に係合するランディングゾーン５３が設けられている。
股下部Ａは、着用時に着用者（被装着者）の股下部（股間部）に配される部位である。本実施形態における第１部Ｂ及び第２部Ｃは、その何れか一方が着用者の背側に配され他方が着用者の腹側に配される。
【０００９】
使い捨ておむつ１は、股下部Ａの両側縁が円弧状に形成されており、全体として、長手方向中央部が括れた砂時計状の形状を有している。
表面シート２は、吸収体４よりも外形寸法の大きい略矩形状の平面視形状を有しており、裏面シート３の幅方向中央部に配されている。裏面シート３は、おむつの外形形状に一致する砂時計状の外形を有している。
表面シート２及び裏面シート３は、それぞれ、吸収体４の両側縁４１，４１及び両端縁４２ａ，４２ｂから外方に延出しており、それらの延出部において互いに接合されている。裏面シート３の長手方向の両側部は、表面シート２の両側縁から幅方向外方に延出している。
【００１０】
使い捨ておむつ１における長手方向の両側には、一対の立体ギャザー６，６がそれぞれおむつの長手方向に沿って形成されている。各立体ギャザー６は、弾性部材６１を有する立体ギャザー形成用のシート材６２を、表面シート２の両側縁の外方から内方に亘るように配設して形成されている。各シート材６２は、吸収体４の側縁４１と後述するレッグ部弾性部材９との間において、長手方向に亘って直線状に表面シート２上に固定されており、その直線状の固定部が立体ギャザー６の固定端６４となっている。各シート材６２は、前記固定端６４よりも幅方向外方に位置する部分が表面シート２又は裏面シート３上に固定されており、また、おむつの長手方向両端部近傍における該固定端６４よりもおむつ幅方向中央側に位置する部分は表面シート２上に固定されている。各シート材６２の立体ギャザー６には、その自由端６３と略平行に複数本の糸状の弾性部材６１が配設されている。
【００１１】
使い捨ておむつ１における第１部Ｂのウエスト部Ｄには、ウエスト部弾性部材７１が配設されてウエスト伸縮部７が形成されており、また、第１部Ｂの胴回り部Ｅの両側部には、それぞれ複数本の胴回り部弾性部材８１が配設されて一対のサイド伸縮部（幅方向に弾性伸縮する伸縮部）８が形成されている。一対のサイド伸縮部８，８は、何れも、一対のファスニングテープ５，５間に形成されている。
【００１２】
ウエスト部Ｄは、着用時に着用者の腰回りに配される部分であり、おむつの長手方向の両端部分を構成している。本実施形態のおむつ１においては、第１部Ｂ及び第２部Ｃそれぞれにおけるウエスト部Ｄに、ウエスト部弾性部材７１が配設されてウエスト伸縮部７が形成されている。各ウエスト部弾性部材７１は、おむつの幅方向に亘って伸張状態で配設されている。尚、ウエスト部弾性部材７１は、帯状の形態を有し、ウエスト部Ｄにおける裏面シート３と表面シート２又は前記シート材６２との間に挟持固定されている。
【００１３】
第１部Ｂの胴回り部Ｅは、図２に示すように、使い捨ておむつ１を、その各部の弾性部材を伸張させて平面状に拡げた状態（緊張状態）とし、第１部Ｂ側を上側、第２部Ｃ側を下側と考えた場合に、ウエスト部弾性部材７１が配された部位よりも下方に位置し且つ股下部（着用時に着用者の股下に配される部分で、左右両側縁が脚廻りに沿わせるように凹状に形成されている部分）Ａより上方に位置する部分である。
各サイド伸縮部８おける複数本の胴回り部弾性部材８１は、長手方向に所定の間隔を置いて、それぞれ幅方向に亘って略平行に配されている。
【００１４】
本実施形態における胴回り部弾性部材８１は、少なくとも吸収体４の両側縁４１，４１の位置よりも幅方向外方の部位に弾性伸縮性が発現されるように伸張状態で固定されており且つ該吸収体４の両側縁４１，４１の位置よりも幅方向内方の部位における少なくとも中央部には配設されていない。また、各胴回り部弾性部材８１は、表面シート２、裏面シート３及び吸収体４を備え、股下部Ａ、第１部Ｂ及び第２部Ｃを有する本体部分１０におけるシート間に固定されている。具体的には、第１部Ｂの幅方向に亘って配された２枚の柔軟な固定用シート間に挟持固定された状態で配されており、２枚の該固定用シートは、裏面シート３と、表面シート２又は前記シート材６２との間に接着固定されている。各胴回り部弾性部材８のおむつ幅方向内方側の端部は、吸収体４の両側縁４１の位置よりも幅方向内側に若干入る程度の位置にあり、吸収体４の幅方向中央部から左右両側縁４１，４１の近傍にかけての領域には、胴回り部弾性部材８１が配されていない。
【００１５】
尚、本使い捨ておむつ１における長手方向の両側それぞれには、複数本のレッグギャザー形成用のレッグ部弾性部材９，９が、おむつ長手方向に沿って直線状に配設されている。
【００１６】
本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ１は、ファスニングテープ５をランディングゾーン５３に係合止着した状態で、剪断方向に、ファスニングテープ間を最大伸張幅まで伸張させたときの引張荷重、即ち１００〜５００ｇｆの荷重となるように引っ張り、その引っ張り状態を解除した後に測定した係合力（以下、剪断力負荷後の係合力ともいう）が、剪断方向に引っ張らない以外は同様にして測定した係合力、即ち、ファスニングテープ５をランディングゾーン５３に係合止着し、剪断方向に引っ張ることなく測定した係合力（以下、剪断力非負荷時の係合力ともいう）よりも大きい。ファスニングテープ間を最大伸張幅まで伸張させたときの引張荷重については、後述する。
【００１７】
ここで、剪断力負荷後の係合力及び剪断力非負荷時の係合力は、それぞれ以下のようにして測定される。
【００１８】
〔剪断力負荷後の係合力〕
使い捨ておむつから、ファスニングテープ５と、ランディングゾーン５３を切り出す。ランディングゾーン５３は、図３（ａ）に示すように、その両側に位置する部分も含め、それが設けられている部分の厚み方向の全体を切り出す。
ファスニングテープ５は、図３（ｂ）及び（ｃ）に示すように、おむつ本体部分１０の側縁端５４（テープ突出部の端）からおむつ幅方向中央側に２０ｍｍまでに亘る部分で且つテープ突出部のおむつ長手方向最大幅Ｗ１の範囲内に位置する部分〔図３（ｂ）中の斜線部〕を含めて切り出す。
ファスニングテープ５には、測定しやすいように、図３（ｃ）に示すように、おむつ本体側とは反対側の係合しない部分に、テンシロンのチャックに挟みやすいようにテープ（５０ｍｍ程度）５５を貼り付けることが好ましい。
【００１９】
切り出したランディングゾーン５３は、図３（ｄ）に示すように、幅５０ｍｍ、長さ１３０ｍｍ、重さ１００ｇの平らな支持板５６に該支持板を巻きこむように固定し、さらに中央部を幅２０ｍｍのテープ５７で固定する。
ランディングゾーン５３が固定された支持板５６を、ランディングゾーンの面が水平となるように水平な支持台上に設置し、その上にファスニングテープ５を、おむつの状態で止着する場合と同様の向きとなるように載置し、加圧して十分に係合させる。係合方法の具体的な手段として、例えば、ランディングゾーンにファスニングテープを載置し、その上から、ファスニングテープを完全に覆う様な重りを、ファスニングテープ面積１ｃｍ^２当たりに掛る重量が１００〜３００ｇとなるように載せ１分間静置する方法が挙げられる。
【００２０】
次いで、ファスニングテープ５３が係合止着した状態の、ランディングゾーン５３が固定された支持板５６を、図３（ｅ）に示すように、水平な支持台に載置固定し、その状態において、ファスニングテープのおむつ本体側にあたる端部をクリップ５８に挟み、該クリップからファスニングテープとは反対側に水平に延出させた紐の向きを、滑車５９を介在して重力方向に変え、所定重量（引っ張り荷重）の重りをつるして、ファスニングテープ５とランディングゾーン５３の係合面に剪断をかける。即ち、支持台に固定されたランディングゾーンとファスニングテープの係合面に平行な方向に剪断力（引っ張り応力）が生じる。所定の荷重、即ち、重りの重さにおいて、つりあいのとれた状態で１分間その状態を維持する。
【００２１】
次いで、剪断力を加えた後のサンプルを、図３（ｆ）に示すような形で、テンシロン試験機（オリエンテック社製、型番ＲＴＣ−１１５０Ａ）にセットする。自然状態の上部チャック中央位置がファスニングテープの止着部（係合部）５１のおむつ本体側の端部位置と合うようにセットする。ファスニング部初期チャック間Ｔ〔図３（ｆ）参照〕は任意でよいが、５０〜７０ｍｍが好ましい。そして、クロスヘッド速度３００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎで剥離試験を行う。初期荷重点を５ｇｆの地点とし、そこからチャック間距離が７０ｍｍ拡大するまでの間の荷重積分値を係合力とする。１０回測定し、その内最大値と最小値の各１個を除いた８点の平均値をその荷重における係合力とした。
【００２２】
〔剪断力非負荷時の係合力〕
剪断力負荷後の係合力の測定に用いた使い捨ておむつと同一構成の使い捨ておむつからファスニングテープとランディングゾーンを切り出す。
ランディングゾーンとファスニングテープとを剪断力負荷後の係合力の測定と同様にして加圧係合させ、剪断力を加えない以外は、剪断力負荷後の係合力の測定と同様の剥離試験を行い係合力を測定する。
【００２３】
本実施形態の使い捨ておむつは、弱い力でおむつの幅方向に伸張させることが可能であるので立位での装着が極めて容易である。しかもファスニングテープに剪断力が加わると係合力が大きくなることから、剪断力が加わる前の係合力が小さく設計できるので、おむつ装着の際に、ファスニングテープの付け直しや仮止めを極めて容易に行うことができ、様々な装着方法で容易に装着することができる。
【００２４】
即ち、ファスニングテープに剪断力が加わった後（すなわち着用中の運動によっておむつ幅方向に力が加わった後）には一対のファスニングテープ間が伸張した状態となり大きな係合力が発現するため、この係合力により意図しないファスニングテープの外れを防止する一方、ファスニングテープの剪断力非負荷時の係合力を、従来の使い捨ておむつよりも弱くすることができる。
そして、この剪断力非負荷時の係合力を弱く設計することにより、おむつを装着する際に、ファスニングテープを手で持ちながらランディングゾーンに付けたとしても容易に剥がすことができるため、ファスニングテープの付け直しや仮止めを容易に行うことができるので、付け直しや仮止めを行いながら装着作業を行うことにより、使い捨ておむつを様々な装着方法で容易に装着することができるのである。
【００２５】
特に、本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ１は、寝位及び立位の何れの状態の被装着者（赤ちゃん等）に対しても容易に装着できる。従来の展開型使い捨ておむつにおいては、立位と寝位とで被装着者の体型が変化することによる腹囲（腹部の周長）の変化等によって、立位における装着が寝位における装着に比べて格段に困難であったが、本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ１においては、被装着者の腹囲が大きく変化する場合においても、上述の通り、ファスニングテープの付け直しや仮止めを行うことによって、おむつの装着が容易である。
【００２６】
ところで、従来の展開型おむつで単に幅方向の伸張応力を本発明におけるのと同様な程度に小さくすることは、ファスニングテープ部の係合力を弱めてしまうことになり、装着後のファスニングテープの外れが生じたりすることが多くなって、おむつが脱落してしまう危険性が高くなってしまう。加えて、幅方向の伸張応力を小さくし、かつ立体ギャザーの伸張率を大きくすることは、装着時におむつが下方へズレ落ちてしまう現象を誘発し、おむつが型崩れし隙間が発生するなど、フィット性及びモレ性能の観点から採用し得るものではなかった。また、従来の寝位で装着するタイプのおむつではそのような構成のおむつを採用する必要性もなかったので当業者は検討する必要性もなかった。従って，従来のおむつでを立位で装着しようとしても非常に困難なものであった。本発明では、展開型おむつを立位でも装着しようとする発想に基づき検討したところ、意外にもファスニングテープの係合力を本発明の範囲としてファスニングテープ間の引張荷重を本発明のようなものとし、かつ低モジュラスの立体ギャザーを高伸長率で配することで、立位での装着性が容易で、しかもおむつの基本的性能である漏れ防止性能が向上したおむつを実現することができた。これは、本発明においてはファスニングテープ間が幅方向に小さい伸張応力で伸張可能となっており、ファスニングテープ部が立位での装着で必要な仮止め機能を有し、また、装着時の不必要な剥れを防ぐとことができなお且つ、本発明の特定の性質を有する立体ギャザーにより、モレ性能の向上が図られるためであると考えられる。
【００２７】
更に、本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ１は、第１部Ｂを着用者の背側に位置させ、ファスニングテープ５，５を着用者の腹側にてランディングゾーン５３に止着する装着方法（以下、腹側装着ともいう）で使用できるのみならず、第１部Ｂを着用者の腹側に位置させ、ファスニングテープ５，５を着用者の背側にてランディングゾーン５３に止着する装着方法（以下、背側装着ともいう）でも使用できる。図４（ａ）には、使い捨ておむつ１を、立ち上がった状態の被装着者（幼児）に、腹側装着にて装着した状態が示されており、図４（ｂ）には、同おむつ１を、立ち上がった状態の被装着者（幼児）に、背側装着にて装着した状態が示されている。
【００２８】
再剥離の容易さと装着時に外れない程度の止着力を得る観点から、剪断方向にファスニングテープ同士間の最大伸張幅まで伸張させたときの引張荷重、即ち１００〜５００ｇｆの荷重となるまで引っ張り測定した剪断力負荷後の係合力は、何れの荷重となるまで引っ張り測定した場合においても、３０〜７０ｇｆの範囲内、特に３５〜６０ｇｆの範囲内であることが好ましく、また、剪断方向に引っ張らずに測定した前期剪断力非負荷時の係合力は５〜２０ｇｆ、特に７〜１５ｇｆであることが好ましい。
【００２９】
また、本実施形態のおむつ１は、一対のファスニングテープ５，５間に存在する伸縮部の収縮状態の幅が４０ｍｍ以上であり、特に好ましくは６０〜１００ｍｍである。伸縮部の収縮状態の幅とは、弾性伸縮性を有する部分をおむつから切り出して自然に収縮させた状態の幅を意味し、本実施形態においては、各サイド伸縮部を切り出し、それぞれについて測定した収縮状態の幅の合計値である。また、本実施形態のおむつ１は、一対のファスニングテープ５，５同士間をおむつ幅方向に最大伸長幅の９５％まで伸長させたときの引張荷重が１００〜５００ｇｆである。尚、最大伸長幅とは、おむつ本体の幅を最大現伸長させたときのファスニングテープ固定端間のことである。即ち、幅方向に配された弾性部材の伸長を全て開放したときにとりうるおむつ本体の最大幅である。
かかる構成により、剪断力負荷後の係合力を剪断力非負荷時の係合力より大きくすることができ、また、、おむつを装着する際に、ファスニングテープを引っ張ることにより、一対のファスニングテープ間の伸縮部を容易に伸張させることができる。
【００３０】
上記ファスニングテープ５，５は、機械的ファスナーのオス部材からなる止着部（係合用鈎部又は張り出し部を先端に有する係合突起が面状に多数配設された止着部）５１を有し、突起形状、数などを調整することにより、本発明の所望の効果を発揮できるものであれば特に限定されない。
また、ランディングゾーン５３は、上述したファスニングテープ５，５を機械的に係合止着させ得るもので、本発明の効果を達成できるものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、裏面シート３の外表面側に、織布、不織布、編み物等からなるランディングテープを固定して形成してもよいし、裏面シート３の外表面側を不織布等の係合性に富む素材により形成し、該不織布等の一部をランディングゾーン５３として利用することもできる。
【００３１】
上記ファスニングテープとランディングゾーンとからなる係合止着部の剪断力負荷後の係合力を剪断力非負荷時の係合力より大きくすることは、それぞれを形成する部材
１）　ファスニングテープ部の止着部に配された係合突起の形状、突起の高さ、配列形状、及び単位面積中の突起の数等、また、止着部及びファスニングテープ部の構成部材
２）ランディングゾーンに配された構成部材の素材繊維、太さ、形状、接合方法（織布や編み物の場合、編み方、間隔等）、
を適宜調整し達成することが可能であるが、さらに
（１）ランディングゾーン５３に加圧のみ行う方法（エンボス）、加圧及び加熱を行う方法（ヒートエンボス等）、加圧及び超音波（超音波エンボス等）処理を行う方法等の処理を施す、
（２）ランディングゾーン５３に配されているランディングテープと裏面シート３との外表面との接合が部分的とする（例えば、スパイラル状、ジグザグ状、ストライプ状に接着させる）
などの加工処理を施すことが好ましい。
【００３２】
また、着用時に腹囲の変化や必要以上の引っ張りに対して生じる剪断方向への荷重により、係合が自然に解除されることを防止する観点から、ファスニングテープをランディングゾーンに係合止着した状態で、両者の係合状態が解除されるまで剪断方向に引っ張ったときの最大荷重は２０００ｇｆ以上であることが好ましい。この最大荷重は、剪断力非負荷時の係合力の測定方法と同様の方法で、両者の係合状態が解除されるまで剪断方向に引っ張り、引っ張り開始から係合解除までの間で最も荷重（応力）が高くなったところの値である。
【００３３】
また、本使い捨ておむつ１における立体ギャザー６は、低モジュラスの弾性部材を高伸張率で配することで、高伸長率に形成されている。立体ギャザー６は、使い捨ておむつ１に１００％以上の伸張率、好ましくは１００〜３００％の伸張率、特に好ましくは１３０〜２００％の伸張率で配設されている。おむつ配設状態（おむつに配設されている状態）の立体ギャザー６の伸張率が１００％未満であると、装着時に立体ギャザーの先端部の起立性が損なわれ、立位での装着時などで、立体ギャザーの先端部を股間部に誘導する際に、立体ギャザーが倒れてしまったり、被装着者の肌にあたり、折れ曲がったりし、正しく装着することが難しくなる。また、被装着者の姿勢が変化した場、立体ギャザーの先端部が被装着者の肌との間に隙間が生じ排泄物が漏れる可能性が大きくなる。前記伸張率が３００％超であると、一対のファスニングテープ５，５間（の領域）のおむつ幅方向における伸縮物性との釣り合いがとれず、着用時に必要以上にズレ落ちてしまったりし、被着用者とおむつとの間に隙間を生じさせモレを誘発することがある。また、場合によっては、おむつが丸まってしまい、装着が困難になる。さらに、立位での装着ではおむつが股間部に挿入されたときに、テープ部を止着するまでもなくおむつがズレ落ちてしまい、装着が非常に難しい。また、装着できたとしても、既にズレ落ちた状態に装着されてしまい、装着が非常に難しい。また、装着できたとしても、既にズレ落ちた状態に装着され、フィット性や漏れ性能の低下にもつながる。
【００３４】
おむつ配設状態における立体ギャザー６の伸張率は以下のようにして測定される。
〔おむつ配設状態の伸長率〕
おむつ長手方向の中央部に位置する部分が含まれるようにおむつから立体ギャザーを切り出し、最大に伸張させた時点での区間をＨ、その後伸張を開放し、自然状態、即ち、切り出したギャザーが自然に縮んだ状態において測定した区間Ｈの長さｈとしたとき、下記式（１）で表される。
伸張率（％）＝（Ｈ―ｈ）／ｈ　×１００　　　　　　　　（１）
自然状態での長さｈは、平らな面を持つ板などの上で負荷をできるだけかけずにギャザーによる凹凸を最小限にして測定する。区間Ｈとしては２００ｍｍ程度設けることが好ましい。
【００３５】
また、立体ギャザー６は、おむつ非固定状態（おむつに固定されていない状態、即ちおむつから立体ギャザーを切り出した状態をいう）で伸張させたとき、おむつ配設状態における伸張率（％）から３０％減じた伸張率（おむつ配設状態伸長率−３０％）で定義される実効伸長率における引張荷重が２０〜１２０ｇｆ、好ましくは５０ｇｆ〜１００ｇｆであり、伸張率が２０％から前記実効伸張率までの間の引張り荷重増加率が１．０（ｇｆ／％）以下、好ましくは０．７（ｇｆ／％）以下である。
実効伸張率、即ちおむつ配設状態の伸張率（％）から３０％減じた地点で評価する意味は、伸張率（％）に対する立体ギャザーの荷重曲線、すなわち伸張応力を測定する際、それ以上の伸張率では構成部材の伸張荷重が含まれることが多く、ギャザーとしての物性値以上の荷重曲線となりやすく、正味のギャザーの物性ではないためである。
また、おむつ装着時におむつはＵ字形状に湾曲し、その中に配された立体ギャザーはおむつのＵ字形状の外周より小さいＵ字状の軌線となるため、おむつ配設状態の伸張率まで伸張することはほとんどないために、おむつ配設状態の伸張率から減じた地点で評価することは実質的な装着状態での立体ギャザーの挙動を表すには妥当な地点であるといえる。
【００３６】
〔おむつ非固定状態の伸張特性〕
実効伸長率における引張荷重、及び引張荷重増加率は、以下のようにして求められる。
おむつ１から、立体ギャザー（固定端と自由端との間の帯状部分）６を切り出して試験片とし、該試験片を、テンシロン引っ張り試験機〔（株）オリエンテック社製、ＲＴＣ−１１５０Ａ〕のチャック間に固定して長手方向に、速度３００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ、ロードセル５ｋｇの条件で伸張させ、その伸張過程における伸張率及び対応する引張荷重をプロットして、伸張率及び引張荷重の関係曲線〔横軸；伸長率（％），縦軸；引張荷重（ｇｆ），図５参照〕を得る。
【００３７】
得られた関係曲線から、伸張率が２０％のときと実効伸張率のときの各々の引張荷重の値を読み取る。また、伸張率が２０％から実効伸張率までの関係曲線の勾配、即ち〔引張荷重（実効伸張率時）−引張荷重（２０％時）〕／〔実効伸張率（％）−２０％〕を算出し、その値を、伸張率が２０％から実効伸張率までの間の引張荷重増加率（ｇｆ／％）とする。
尚、試験片は、おむつ長手方向の中央部に位置する部分が含まれるように切り出し、また、自然状態、即ち切り出したギャザーが自然に縮んだ状態で、平らな面を持つ板などの上で、負荷をできるだけかけずにギャザーを平らにした場合の長さが少なくとも７０ｍｍ以上となるように切り出す。好ましくは、おむつ配設状態の伸張率を測定した後のものを使用する。伸張開始時の試験片の初期長（自然状態における長さ，伸張率０％）は５０ｍｍとし、該試験片をおむつに配設された状態における伸張率となるまで伸張させる。
【００３８】
実効伸張率における引張荷重が２０ｇｆ未満であると、装着時に立体ギャザーの先端部の起立性が損なわれ、立位での装着時などで立体ギャザーの先端部を股間部に誘導する際に立体ギャザーが倒れてしまったり、被装着者の肌にあたり折れ曲がってしまったりし、正しく装着することが難しくなる。また、被装着者の姿勢が変化した場合立体ギャザーの先端部が被装着者の肌との間に隙間が生じ排泄物がモレる可能性が大きくなる。たとえ、立体ギャザーの先端部が被装着者の肌に隙間なく接している場合でも、立体ギャザーとしての締め付け力が弱いために、排泄物を立体ギャザー間内に閉じ込めようとする隠蔽力が弱く、ギャザー先端部を押しのけて排泄物が外側に移動する可能性も大きくなり、漏れ防止効果として有効であるとはいえない。
実効伸張率における引張荷重が１２０ｇｆ超であると、おむつを展開する時の力が大きく展開しにくいおむつとなり、寝かせてあお向けで装着する場合などでは装着性が悪くなる。また、装着後のおむつの処理についてもおむつが丸まろうとする力が強いため操作性が悪くなる。
【００３９】
また、立位での装着では、おむつが股間部に挿入されたときに、テープ部を止着するまでもなくおむつが丸まったり、ズレ落ちてしまったりして装着が難しい。
これらは本発明のようにおむつ配設時の伸張率が大きくなると生じる課題であり、展開時に伸張された立体ギャザーが伸張を開放するように縮もうとして生じ、結果的におむつを丸めてしまう現象である。したがって、本発明では伸張応力をある程度小さくすることで、縮もうとする挙動に対する力を小さくし、縮もうとする現象を遅延させたり、縮んだものを展開するときに必要な力を小さくすることで、装着者の装着性を悪化させないことを達成した。特におむつ配設時の伸張率が同じ条件では伸張応力が支配因子であり、伸張応力が小さいほど伸びやすく、扱いやすいおむつとなる。１２０ｇｆを超えない程度であれば装着者はおむつを展開するときに容易に展開でき、操作性も損なわないといえる。
【００４０】
引張荷重増加率は小さいほうが好ましく、装着されたおむつの立体ギャザーが肌へ密着し、漏れを防止しようとする力が装着者の姿勢の変化や様々な装着方法により大きく変わらない。また、装着時においてもおむつを展開するときに急激な力の変化がなく、展開時に装着者が感じるギャザーの重量感（いわゆる）重たさがなく、扱いやすいため、寝位・立位ともに装着性が向上できる。
したがって、引張荷重増加率を、伸長率の単位増加量当たりの引張荷重の増加量として計算した場合、引張荷重増加率は、伸長率が０％超から実効伸張率までの総ての地点で１．０（ｇｆ／％）以下であることが好ましい。しかしながら、一部の区間では１．０（ｇｆ／％）超になる場合がある。そのような区間が伸張率０〜２０％程度の部分である場合に、実質的に上述の効果を有するものは本発明の主旨から逸脱するものではない。とはいえこの区間においての引張荷重増加率としての上限は２．０（ｇｆ／％）までであることが好ましい。
このような観点から、本発明では、伸張率が２０％から実効伸張率の間の引張荷重増加率を規定している。
【００４１】
本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ１は、おむつを長手方向に２等分する中央線Ｌ（図２参照）の両側の飽和吸収容量、即ち中央線Ｌの両側に位置する両部分Ｆ，Ｇの飽和吸収容量の比（部分Ｆ／部分Ｇ）が４５／５５〜５５／４５であり、腹側装着及び背側装着の何れの装着方法で装着した場合においても尿漏れが生じない。装着の向きを問わずに尿漏れが生じないようにする観点から、飽和吸収容量の比（部分Ｆ／部分Ｇ）は４８／５２〜５２／４８であることが好ましく、両部分の飽和吸収容量は、両者の差が小さい程好ましい。
【００４２】
ここで、おむつの中央線Ｌの両側の飽和吸収容量は、以下のようにして測定される。
〔飽和吸収容量の測定方法〕
先ず、おむつ１を、その長手方向を２等分する中央線Ｌで、幅方向に切断する。そして、立体ギャザー及びレッグギャザーを切除する。更に、胴回り部に配された伸縮部を切断する。但し、吸収層の構造が破壊又は切断されることがないように留意する。容器から水平に取り出せるように加工した金網に切断したおむつを載せ、金網ごと重量を測定する。予め側面下部に溶液を排出する開口部を設けた容器内に金網ごとおむつを入れ、該開口部を閉じ、０．９重量％の生理食塩水を吸収体が完全に浸漬するように注入する。このときに、おむつの切断端部からポリマー等が脱落しないように注入速度を調節する。完全浸漬後３０分放置する。その後、排出開口部を下側にして容器ごと１０度傾け、排出開口部を開き、容器内の溶液を排出する。排出が完全に終了するまで３０分放置し、その後、容器から金網ごとおむつを取り出し、金網ごと重量を測定する。「試験終了後の重量」−「試験開始前の重量」からおむつの吸収量を算出し、この値を飽和吸収量（ｇ）とする。
【００４３】
本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ１は、胴回り部弾性部材８１が、上述したように、表面シート２、裏面シート３及び吸収体４を備えた本体部分１０におけるシート間に一体的に固定されているため、本体部分１０に所要の弾性伸縮性を付与することができると共に、本体部分１０に別体の弾性伸縮材を連結した構成を有するもの（例えば特表平９−５０７４０９や特開平６−６３０７７に記載のもの）とは異なり、例えば、はいはいで逃げる子供に対して急いで止着する場合などにファスニングテープ５を強く引っ張っても伸縮部が破損する恐れがない。
【００４４】
本発明の立体ギャザーは、そこに配する弾性部材が全体で、少なくとも伸長率２０％から実効伸長率までの引張り荷重増加率が１．０以下で、実効伸長率での引張り荷重が２０〜１２０ｇｆとなるものを、不織布製シートに接着固定する方法等によって得ることができる。ここで「全体で」とは、立体ギャザーに複数本弾性部材を配する場合には、「複数本の合計として」という意味である。立体ギャザー用弾性部材としては、糸状のもの（糸ゴム等、好ましくは太さ４５０ｄｔｅｘ以下）、所定幅の帯状のもの（平ゴム等、好ましくは太さと厚みの比が０．１〜１のもの）、薄膜状のもの等を挙げることができ、弾性部材の形成素材としては、天然ゴムの他、スチレン−ブタジエン、ブタジエン、イソプレン、ネオプレン等の合成ゴム、ＥＶＡ、伸縮性ポリオレフィン、ウレタン等を挙げることができる。また、弾性部材を複数本立体ギャザーに配する場合には、各弾性部材における少なくとも伸長率２０％から実効伸長率までの引張り荷重増加率が０．５以下で、実効伸長率での引張り荷重が５〜５０ｇｆのものを使用することが好ましい。
【００４５】
本実施形態の使い捨ておむつ１における各部の形成材料について説明する。
表面シート２、裏面シート３、吸収体４、立体ギャザー形成用の弾性部材６１及びシート材６２等の形成材料、弾性部材７１，８１，９としては、従来、使い捨ておむつに用いられている各種公知の材料を特に制限なく用いることができる。
【００４６】
尚、ウエスト部弾性部材７１は、所定幅の帯状のものが好ましく、胴回り部弾性部材８１は、糸状のものが好ましく、レッグ部弾性部材９は、平ゴム状のものが好ましい。また、糸状の胴回り部弾性部材８１は、例えば、各サイド伸縮部８にそれぞれ３〜１２本程度配設することが好ましい。
【００４７】
以上、本発明の好ましい一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、上述した実施形態に制限されず、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更が可能である。
【００４８】
例えば、上記実施形態における第１部Ｂの胴回り部Ｅには、おむつ長手方向の両側部のみに伸縮部（サイド伸縮部８，８）が形成されていたが、おむつ長手方向の中央部にも両サイド伸縮部と連続又は非連続な伸縮部（幅方向に弾性伸縮する伸縮部）が形成されていても良い。
また、レッグ部弾性部材９は、おむつの長手方向の両側に、それぞれ股下部の側縁部に沿って円弧状に配しても良い。更に、各部の形状や各部材の配設態様等は適宜に変更可能である。
本発明の使い捨ておむつは、成人用の使い捨ておむつであっても良いが、幼児（ベビー）用の使い捨ておむつ、特におむつ換えを嫌がる幼児に適している。
【００４９】
【発明の効果】
本発明のおむつは、おむつ装着の際に、ファスニングテープの付け直しや仮止めを簡単に行うことができ、様々な装着方法で容易に装着することができるものである。そして、装着後にはずれ落ちることが少なく、排泄物の漏れも確実に防止できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は、本発明の一実施形態としての使い捨ておむつを示す斜視図である。
【図２】図２は、図１の使い捨ておむつを、各部の弾性部材を伸張させ平面状に拡げた状態（緊張状態）を示す一部破断平面図である。
【図３】図３は、剪断力負荷後の係合力の測定方法を説明するための模式図である。
【図４】図４（ａ）は、図１に示す使い捨ておむつを、立ち上がった状態の被装着者（幼児）に、腹側装着にて装着した状態を示す図であり、図４（ｂ）は、同おむつ１を、立ち上がった状態の被装着者（幼児）に、背側装着にて装着した状態を示す図である。
【図５】図５は、おむつ非固定状態における立体ギャザーの伸張率と伸張応力（荷重）との関係を示すグラフであり、グラフ中の曲線▲１▼が、本発明の好ましい立体ギャザーのものであり、曲線▲２▼は、従来のおむつの立体ギャザーのものである。
【符号の説明】
１　　使い捨ておむつ
２　　表面シート
３　　裏面シート
４　　吸収体
５　　ファスニングテープ
５３　ランディングゾーン（被着領域）
８　　サイド伸縮部（おむつ幅方向に弾性伸縮する伸縮部）
Ａ　　股下部
Ｂ　　第１部（長手方向の一方の部位）
Ｃ　　第２部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a diaper that can be easily reattached and temporarily fixed to a fastening tape when the diaper is mounted, and can be easily mounted in various mounting methods, particularly in a standing position.
[0002]
Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention
Conventionally, as a disposable diaper, a deployment type disposable diaper having a fastening tape and a pants type disposable diaper formed in advance in a pants type are known, and a deployment type disposable diaper can be used from a newborn baby, or manufactured. It is most commonly used because of its low cost.
[0003]
However, the conventional disposable disposable diaper can be easily worn on a wearer (baby or the like) in a state of lying quietly on his / her back (hereinafter, also referred to as a sleeping position), but the activity has increased. In the early days of childhood, it is rare to stay still in a sleeping position to change diapers, and in many cases, even if you do not want to be in a sleeping position, it is very difficult to wear it in a sleeping position in such a case It is serious. In particular, when the user does not want to wear the product while lying down, for example, when he / she runs away, the user cannot easily wear the product. Attempts to wear such a child on all fours or in a standing state (hereinafter, also referred to as standing) will be made, but in the case of conventional diapers as well, wearing is not easy.
One of the factors is that conventional general disposable disposable diapers are designed so that the fastening tape is fixed to the landing zone on the abdominal side of the wearer in the lying position. However, it is difficult to mount it by any other method. For example, the user wears the standing wearer (hereinafter, also referred to as “standing wearing”), or fastens the fastening tape to the landing zone on the back side of the sleeping or standing wearer. It is difficult to mount it.
As another cause, in the case of wearing in the lying position, the diaper is sandwiched between the back of the wearer and the floor (or bedding), and is difficult to move from the wear position due to the load of the wearer. In contrast, in the case of wearing in a standing position, the diaper is not fixed anywhere, so the wearer must wear the diaper while holding the diaper from the wearing position. It is mentioned.
In such a situation, parents begin to consider using pants-type diapers, but it is difficult for infants who have just begun to stand and raise their legs, so eventually they should use pants-type diapers. I will be frustrated.
[0004]
Further, in the conventional disposable disposable diaper, in order to prevent unintentional detachment of the wearer (parents or the like) such as detachment of the fastening tape due to a load during wearing or mischief of an infant, the diaper is strongly applied from the time of initial engagement and fastening. An engaging force can be obtained.
Therefore, if the fastening tape is engaged and stopped at an improper position on the landing zone, a strong force is required to peel off the fastening tape to re-adjust it to an appropriate position. When the tape is pulled with a strong force, unintended deformation occurs in the diaper in the course of mounting, which further complicates mounting. In particular, when attempting to wear this type of diaper in the upright position, the fastening tape tends to engage and stop at an improper position on the landing zone, and the infant tries to escape and engages in the proper position. Reattachment becomes more difficult.
[0005]
In addition, there are diapers that have improved fit during fitting by contracting between a pair of fastening tapes, but the elongation stress between the fastening tapes is large, and there are many that do not easily stretch during actual wearing. Was. In such a diaper, a large pulling force is required to extend the diaper, and when the diaper is pulled by such a force during the mounting operation, an unintentional deformation of the diaper in the course of mounting occurs, which further complicates the mounting. This is particularly remarkable in a standing position because there is no means for maintaining the diaper in the mounted state.
[0006]
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to easily stretch between the fastening tapes at the time of diaper wearing, and to easily reattach and temporarily fix the fastening tapes, especially when the diaper is worn in a standing position. Another object of the present invention is to provide a disposable diaper that is excellent in leaking performance and can be easily worn in a standing position.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention includes a liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet, and a liquid-retentive absorber interposed between the two sheets, and fastening tapes are provided on both side edges of one portion in the longitudinal direction. A landing zone mechanically engaged with the fastening tape is provided on the outer surface of the other part, and an elastic portion that elastically expands and contracts in a diaper width direction is formed between the pair of fastening tapes, and a diaper longitudinal direction is formed. A diaper provided with a three-dimensional gather along the diaper, wherein the stretchable portion has a width in the diaper width direction of 40 mm or more in a contracted state, and the gap between the fastening tapes is 95% of the maximum extension width in the diaper width direction. The tensile load when extended to 100 to 500 gf, and in a state where the fastening tape is fixedly engaged with the landing zone, in the shear direction, The fastening force between the fastening tapes is pulled to a tensile load when extended to the maximum extension width, and the engagement force measured after releasing the tension state is equal to the engagement force measured in the same manner except that it is not pulled in the shear direction. The three-dimensional gathers are arranged at an elongation rate of 100% or more. When the three-dimensional gathers are stretched in a state in which the diaper is not fixed, the elongation rate is reduced by 30% from the elongation rate (%) in the diaper arrangement state. The tensile load at the effective elongation defined as is 20 to 120 gf, and the elongation at an elongation from 20% to the effective elongation is 1.0 (gf /%) or less. The object has been achieved by providing a diaper that can be easily worn.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on a preferred embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a disposable diaper 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid-permeable top sheet 2, a liquid-impermeable back sheet 3, and a liquid holding member interposed between the two sheets. The absorbent body 4 is provided. The disposable diaper 1 is a deployable disposable diaper, has a crotch portion A at a central portion in the longitudinal direction, and has a first portion B and a second portion C on both sides of the crotch portion A in the longitudinal direction. . Fastening tapes 5, 5 are provided on both side edges of the first portion B, which is one portion in the longitudinal direction, and the fastening tapes 5, 5 are mechanically attached to the outer surface of the second portion C, which is the other portion. An engaging landing zone 53 is provided.
The crotch part A is a part arranged at the crotch part (crotch part) of the wearer (wearee) at the time of wearing. One of the first part B and the second part C in the present embodiment is arranged on the back of the wearer, and the other is arranged on the abdomen of the wearer.
[0009]
In the disposable diaper 1, both side edges of the crotch portion A are formed in an arc shape, and have an hourglass-like shape in which a central portion in the longitudinal direction is constricted as a whole.
The topsheet 2 has a substantially rectangular plan view shape having an outer dimension larger than that of the absorber 4, and is disposed at the center in the width direction of the backsheet 3. The back sheet 3 has an hourglass-shaped outer shape that matches the outer shape of the diaper.
The top sheet 2 and the back sheet 3 extend outward from both side edges 41, 41 and both end edges 42a, 42b of the absorber 4, respectively, and are joined to each other at their extending portions. Both longitudinal sides of the back sheet 3 extend outward in the width direction from both side edges of the top sheet 2.
[0010]
On both sides in the longitudinal direction of the disposable diaper 1, a pair of three-dimensional gathers 6, 6 are formed along the longitudinal direction of the diaper, respectively. Each of the three-dimensional gathers 6 is formed by disposing a three-dimensional gather forming sheet material 62 having an elastic member 61 so as to extend from outside to inside of both side edges of the top sheet 2. Each sheet member 62 is linearly fixed on the topsheet 2 in the longitudinal direction between the side edge 41 of the absorber 4 and a leg elastic member 9 described later. Are the fixed ends 64 of the three-dimensional gathers 6. In each of the sheet members 62, a portion located outward in the width direction from the fixed end 64 is fixed on the top sheet 2 or the back sheet 3, and the fixed end 64 near the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the diaper. The portion located on the center side in the diaper width direction is fixed on the topsheet 2. In the three-dimensional gather 6 of each sheet member 62, a plurality of thread-like elastic members 61 are disposed substantially parallel to the free ends 63 thereof.
[0011]
A waist elastic member 71 is disposed on a waist portion D of a first portion B of the disposable diaper 1 to form a waist elastic portion 7, and a waist elastic portion 7 is formed on both sides of a waist portion E of the first portion B. A plurality of waist portion elastic members 81 are respectively provided to form a pair of side expandable portions (extendable portions that elastically expand and contract in the width direction) 8. Each of the pair of side elastic portions 8 is formed between the pair of fastening tapes 5.
[0012]
The waist portion D is a portion arranged around the waist of the wearer when worn, and constitutes both end portions of the diaper in the longitudinal direction. In the diaper 1 of the present embodiment, a waist elastic member 71 is disposed at a waist portion D of each of the first portion B and the second portion C, and a waist elastic portion 7 is formed. Each waist elastic member 71 is disposed in an extended state across the width of the diaper. The waist elastic member 71 has a belt-like shape, and is sandwiched and fixed between the back sheet 3 and the top sheet 2 or the sheet material 62 at the waist D.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 2, the waist portion E of the first portion B is such that the disposable diaper 1 is in a state where the elastic members of the respective portions are stretched to be expanded in a plane shape (tensed state), and the first portion B side is upward. When the second part C side is considered to be the lower side, it is located lower than the part where the waist elastic member 71 is disposed and the crotch (the part disposed at the crotch of the wearer when worn, (A part whose edge is formed in a concave shape so as to extend along the leg) is a part located above A.
The plurality of waist elastic members 81 in each of the side elastic portions 8 are arranged substantially in parallel in the width direction at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.
[0014]
The waist elastic portion 81 in the present embodiment is fixed in an extended state so that elastic elasticity is developed at least in a portion outward in the width direction from the positions of the side edges 41, 41 of the absorber 4 and It is not provided at least at the center of the portion in the width direction inside than the positions of both side edges 41 of the absorber 4. Each waist elastic member 81 includes a top sheet 2, a back sheet 3, and an absorber 4, and is fixed between the sheets in the main body portion 10 having the crotch portion A, the first portion B, and the second portion C. . Specifically, it is arranged so as to be sandwiched and fixed between two flexible fixing sheets arranged in the width direction of the first portion B, and the two fixing sheets are a back sheet. 3 and the surface sheet 2 or the sheet material 62 are bonded and fixed. The inner end in the diaper width direction of each waist portion elastic member 8 is located at a position slightly inward in the width direction from the position of both side edges 41 of the absorber 4, and from the center in the width direction of the absorber 4. The waist elastic member 81 is not provided in the region extending to the vicinity of the left and right side edges 41, 41.
[0015]
In addition, a plurality of leg elastic members 9 for forming leg gathers are linearly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the diaper on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the disposable diaper 1, respectively.
[0016]
The disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment has a tensile load of 100 to 500 gf when the fastening tape 5 is stretched to the maximum extension width in the shear direction in a state where the fastening tape 5 is engaged with the landing zone 53. The pulling force is applied to the load, and the engaging force measured after releasing the pulled state (hereinafter, also referred to as the engaging force after loading the shear force) is the engaging force measured in the same manner except that the pulling force is not applied in the shear direction, that is, The fastening tape 5 is engaged and fixed to the landing zone 53 and is larger than the engaging force measured without pulling in the shearing direction (hereinafter also referred to as the engaging force when no shear force is applied). The tensile load when the space between the fastening tapes is extended to the maximum extension width will be described later.
[0017]
Here, the engaging force after the shear force is applied and the engaging force when the shear force is not applied are respectively measured as follows.
[0018]
(Engagement force after shear force load)
The fastening tape 5 and the landing zone 53 are cut out from the disposable diaper. As shown in FIG. 3A, the landing zone 53 cuts out the entire portion in the thickness direction of a portion where the landing zone 53 is provided, including portions located on both sides thereof.
As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the fastening tape 5 is a portion extending from the side edge 54 (the end of the tape projection) of the diaper main body portion 10 to the center of the diaper in the width direction up to 20 mm and the tape. The protruding portion is cut out including the portion (the hatched portion in FIG. 3B) located within the range of the maximum width W1 in the diaper longitudinal direction.
As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the fastening tape 5 has a tape (about 50 mm) at an unengaged portion opposite to the diaper main body side so as to be easily sandwiched by a tensilon chuck, as shown in FIG. Is preferably attached.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 3D, the cut-out landing zone 53 is fixed to a flat support plate 56 having a width of 50 mm, a length of 130 mm, and a weight of 100 g so as to be wound around the support plate. With the tape 57 of FIG.
A support plate 56 to which the landing zone 53 is fixed is installed on a horizontal support base such that the surface of the landing zone is horizontal, and the fastening tape 5 is fastened thereon in the state of a diaper. It is placed so that it is oriented, and is pressurized and fully engaged. As a specific means of the engagement method, for example, a fastening tape is placed on a landing zone, and a weight that completely covers the fastening tape is applied thereon, and a fastening tape area of 1 cm ² There is a method in which the sample is placed so that the weight per unit is 100 to 300 g and left for 1 minute.
[0020]
Next, the support plate 56 to which the landing zone 53 is fixed in a state where the fastening tape 53 is engaged and fixed is placed and fixed on a horizontal support table as shown in FIG. An end corresponding to the diaper body side of the fastening tape is sandwiched between clips 58, and the direction of a string horizontally extending from the clip to the opposite side to the fastening tape is changed to the direction of gravity via a pulley 59, and a predetermined weight ( (Tension load) is suspended, and the engaging surface between the fastening tape 5 and the landing zone 53 is sheared. That is, a shearing force (tensile stress) is generated in a direction parallel to the engaging surface between the landing zone fixed to the support and the fastening tape. At a predetermined load, that is, the weight of the weight, the state is maintained for 1 minute in a balanced state.
[0021]
Next, the sample after the application of the shearing force is set in a Tensilon tester (manufactured by Orientec, model number RTC-1150A) in the form shown in FIG. 3 (f). It is set such that the center position of the upper chuck in the natural state matches the end position of the fastening portion (engaging portion) 51 of the fastening tape on the diaper main body side. The initial gap T between the fasteners (see FIG. 3 (f)) may be arbitrary, but is preferably 50 to 70 mm. Then, a peeling test is performed at a crosshead speed of 300 mm / min. The initial load point is set to a point of 5 gf, and the integrated value of the load until the distance between the chucks is increased by 70 mm therefrom is defined as the engagement force. The measurement was performed ten times, and the average value of eight points excluding one of each of the maximum value and the minimum value was defined as the engaging force under the load.
[0022]
[Engagement force when no shear force is applied]
A fastening tape and a landing zone are cut out from the disposable diaper having the same configuration as the disposable diaper used for measuring the engaging force after the application of the shearing force.
The landing zone and the fastening tape are press-engaged in the same manner as in the measurement of the engagement force after the application of the shearing force, and the same peeling test as in the measurement of the engagement force after the application of the shearing force is performed except that no shearing force is applied. Measure the resultant force.
[0023]
The disposable diaper of the present embodiment can be stretched in the width direction of the diaper with a small force, so that it is extremely easy to mount the disposable diaper in the upright position. Moreover, since the engaging force increases when a shearing force is applied to the fastening tape, the engaging force before the shearing force is applied can be designed to be small, so that when the diaper is mounted, the fastening tape can be easily reattached and temporarily fixed. And can be easily mounted by various mounting methods.
[0024]
That is, after a shearing force is applied to the fastening tape (that is, after a force is applied in the width direction of the diaper by the motion during wearing), a large engaging force is developed since the pair of fastening tapes is in an extended state. While the unintended detachment of the fastening tape is prevented by the resultant force, the engaging force of the fastening tape when no shear force is applied can be made weaker than that of a conventional disposable diaper.
And, by designing the engaging force when the shearing force is not applied to be weak, when the diaper is attached, even if the fastening tape is attached to the landing zone while holding it by hand, it can be easily peeled off. Since reattachment and temporary fixing can be easily performed, disposable diapers can be easily mounted by various mounting methods by performing mounting work while performing reattachment and temporary fixing.
[0025]
In particular, the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment can be easily worn on a wearer (baby or the like) in any of the sleeping position and the standing position. In the conventional deployable disposable diaper, the wearing in the standing position is compared with the wearing in the sleeping position due to a change in the abdominal circumference (perimeter of the abdomen) due to a change in the body shape of the wearer between the standing position and the lying position. Although it was extremely difficult, in the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment, even when the abdominal girth of the wearer greatly changes, as described above, the diaper can be re-attached or temporarily fixed by fastening the fastening tape. Easy to install.
[0026]
By the way, simply reducing the extensional stress in the width direction to the same degree as in the present invention with the conventional deployable diaper weakens the engaging force of the fastening tape portion, and the detachment of the fastening tape after mounting. And the risk of the diaper falling off increases. In addition, reducing the stretching stress in the width direction and increasing the stretching rate of the three-dimensional gathers induces a phenomenon in which the diaper slips downward during wearing, causing the diaper to lose its shape and create gaps. It could not be adopted from the viewpoints of fit and leakage performance. In addition, there is no need to adopt a diaper having such a configuration in a conventional diaper that is worn in a sleeping position, so that there is no need for a person skilled in the art to examine the diaper. Therefore, it has been very difficult to attach the conventional diaper in a standing position. In the present invention, based on the idea of trying to wear the deployable diaper even in the upright position, surprisingly, the engaging force of the fastening tape is within the scope of the present invention and the tensile load between the fastening tapes is assumed to be as in the present invention. By disposing the low-modulus three-dimensional gathers at a high elongation rate, a diaper that can be easily worn in a standing position and that has improved leakage prevention performance, which is the basic performance of diapers, can be realized. This is because, in the present invention, the fastening tape can be stretched in the width direction with a small extension stress, and the fastening tape portion has a temporary fixing function required for mounting in an upright position. This is considered to be because it is possible to prevent the necessary peeling, and the solid gathers having the specific properties of the present invention improve the leak performance.
[0027]
Furthermore, in the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment, the first part B is positioned on the back of the wearer, and the fastening tapes 5 and 5 are fastened to the landing zone 53 on the abdomen of the wearer (hereinafter, referred to as a mounting method). Not only can it be used in the abdominal side) but also the first part B is located on the abdominal side of the wearer, and the fastening tapes 5 and 5 are fixed to the landing zone 53 on the back side of the wearer ( Hereinafter, it is also referred to as a back side mounting). FIG. 4A shows a state in which the disposable diaper 1 is worn on a wearer (infant) in a standing state by abdominal wearing, and FIG. 4B shows the same. Is shown on a wearer (infant) in a standing state, with the back being worn.
[0028]
From the viewpoint of the ease of re-peeling and the securing force that does not come off during mounting, a tensile load was measured when the tensile tape was stretched to the maximum stretching width between the fastening tapes in the shearing direction, that is, a tensile load was measured until a load of 100 to 500 gf was reached. The engagement force after the application of the shearing force is preferably in the range of 30 to 70 gf, particularly in the range of 35 to 60 gf, even when the tension is measured until any load is reached. It is preferable that the measured engaging force when no shear force is applied is 5 to 20 gf, particularly 7 to 15 gf.
[0029]
In the diaper 1 of the present embodiment, the contracted width of the elastic portion existing between the pair of fastening tapes 5 and 5 is 40 mm or more, and particularly preferably 60 to 100 mm. The width of the elastic portion in the contracted state means the width of a state in which a portion having elastic elasticity is cut out from the diaper and naturally contracted, and in the present embodiment, each side elastic portion is cut out and measured. This is the total value of the width in the contracted state. The diaper 1 of the present embodiment has a tensile load of 100 to 500 gf when the pair of fastening tapes 5 and 5 is stretched in the diaper width direction to 95% of the maximum stretching width in the diaper width direction. In addition, the maximum extension width is the distance between the fixing ends of the fastening tape when the width of the diaper body is extended to the maximum. That is, it is the maximum width of the diaper main body that can be taken when all the elastic members arranged in the width direction are fully extended.
With such a configuration, the engaging force after the shearing force is applied can be made larger than the engaging force when the shearing force is not applied, and when the diaper is attached, by pulling the fastening tape, a distance between the pair of fastening tapes can be increased. The elastic part can be easily extended.
[0030]
The fastening tapes 5 and 5 have a fastening portion 51 (a fastening portion in which a large number of engaging projections each having an engaging hook portion or a protruding portion at the tip end thereof) are formed of a male member of a mechanical fastener. However, there is no particular limitation as long as the desired effects of the present invention can be exhibited by adjusting the shape and number of the protrusions.
Further, the landing zone 53 is capable of mechanically engaging and fastening the above-described fastening tapes 5, 5, and is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention can be achieved. A landing tape made of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a knitted fabric, or the like may be fixed to the outer surface side, or the outer surface side of the back sheet 3 may be formed of a material having a high engaging property such as a nonwoven fabric. Can be used as the landing zone 53.
[0031]
Making the engaging force of the engaging fastening portion formed by the fastening tape and the landing zone after the application of the shearing force larger than the engaging force when the shearing force is not applied is a member forming each of the members.
1) Shapes of engaging projections, heights of projections, arrangement shapes, number of projections in a unit area, and the like, and constituent members of the fastening portions and the fastening tape portion arranged on the fastening portions of the fastening tape portion.
2) Material fiber, thickness, shape, joining method (in the case of woven fabric or knitting, knitting method, spacing, etc.) of constituent members arranged in the landing zone,
Can be adjusted appropriately to achieve
(1) The landing zone 53 is subjected to processing such as a method of performing only pressurization (embossing), a method of performing pressurization and heating (such as heat embossing), and a method of performing pressurizing and ultrasonic (such as ultrasonic embossing) processing.
(2) The bonding between the landing tape disposed in the landing zone 53 and the outer surface of the back sheet 3 is made partial (for example, spiral, zigzag, or striped).
It is preferable to perform a processing such as
[0032]
Further, from the viewpoint of preventing the engagement from spontaneously being released due to a change in the abdominal girth and a load in the shearing direction generated due to excessive pulling when worn, the fastening tape is fixedly engaged with the landing zone. The maximum load when the two members are pulled in the shearing direction until the engagement between them is released is preferably 2000 gf or more. The maximum load is determined in the same manner as the method of measuring the engagement force when no shear force is applied, and the maximum load is pulled in the shear direction until the engagement between the two is released. This is the value at which the stress) increased.
[0033]
The three-dimensional gathers 6 of the disposable diaper 1 are formed to have a high elongation by arranging a low modulus elastic member at a high elongation. The three-dimensional gathers 6 are disposed on the disposable diaper 1 at an extension of 100% or more, preferably 100 to 300%, particularly preferably 130 to 200%. If the elongation rate of the three-dimensional gathers 6 in the diaper arrangement state (the state in which the three-dimensional gathers are arranged in the diaper) is less than 100%, the erectability of the distal end of the three-dimensional gathers is impaired when the diaper is worn, and when the diaper is worn in a standing position. Therefore, when the distal end of the three-dimensional gather is guided to the crotch part, the three-dimensional gather may fall down or bend on the wearer's skin, making it difficult to attach the three-dimensional gather correctly. Further, when the posture of the wearer changes, a gap is formed between the tip of the three-dimensional gather and the skin of the wearer, and the possibility of excretion leaking increases. If the elongation ratio is more than 300%, the elasticity in the width direction of the diaper between (a region of) the pair of fastening tapes 5 and 5 cannot be balanced, and it may be unnecessarily slipped off when worn, and A gap may be created between the wearer and the diaper, which may cause leakage. Also, in some cases, the diaper may be rounded, making it difficult to wear. Furthermore, when the diaper is inserted into the crotch portion when the diaper is inserted in the upright position, the diaper slips without fixing the tape portion, and it is very difficult to attach the diaper. Also, even if it can be attached, it is already attached in a state where it has slipped off, and it is very difficult to attach. Also, even if it can be mounted, it is already mounted in a displaced state, which leads to a decrease in fit and leak performance.
[0034]
The extension rate of the three-dimensional gathers 6 in the diaper arrangement state is measured as follows.
[Elongation rate when diapers are installed]
A three-dimensional gather is cut out from the diaper so as to include a portion located in the center of the diaper in the longitudinal direction, a section at the time of maximum extension is H, and then the stretch is released. When the length h of the section H measured in the state of contraction is represented by the following equation (1).
Elongation rate (%) = (Hh) / h × 100 (1)
The length h in the natural state is measured on a flat plate or the like while minimizing load due to gathers and minimizing unevenness due to gathers. It is preferable that the section H is provided at about 200 mm.
[0035]
When the three-dimensional gathers 6 are expanded in a diaper-unfixed state (a state in which the three-dimensional gathers are not fixed to the diaper, that is, a state in which the three-dimensional gathers are cut out of the diaper), the expansion ratio (%) in the diaper arrangement state is 30%. The tensile load at the effective elongation defined by the% reduced elongation (diaper arrangement state elongation-30%) is 20 to 120 gf, preferably 50 gf to 100 gf, and the elongation is from 20% to the effective elongation. Is 1.0 (gf /%) or less, preferably 0.7 (gf /%) or less.
The meaning of evaluating at the point obtained by subtracting 30% from the effective extension rate, that is, the extension rate (%) in the diaper arrangement state, is a load curve of the three-dimensional gather with respect to the extension rate (%), that is, when measuring the extension stress, This is because the elongation rate often includes the elongation load of the constituent member, and tends to have a load curve that is equal to or greater than the physical property value of the gather, and is not the net physical property of the gather.
In addition, the diaper is bent into a U-shape when the diaper is mounted, and the three-dimensional gathers arranged therein have a U-shaped trajectory smaller than the outer periphery of the U-shaped diaper. Since there is almost no stretching, it can be said that evaluating at a point subtracted from the stretching rate in the diaper arrangement state is an appropriate point for expressing the behavior of the three-dimensional gather in a substantial wearing state.
[0036]
[Extension characteristics of the diaper unfixed state]
The tensile load and the rate of increase of the tensile load in the effective elongation are determined as follows.
From the diaper 1, a three-dimensional gather (a band-shaped portion between the fixed end and the free end) 6 is cut out to obtain a test piece, and the test piece is used as a test piece of a Tensilon tensile tester [RTC-1150A, manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.]. It is fixed between the chucks and stretched in the longitudinal direction under the conditions of a speed of 300 mm / min and a load cell of 5 kg, and the stretching rate and the corresponding tensile load in the stretching process are plotted to obtain a relation curve between the stretching rate and the tensile load [horizontal axis Elongation (%), vertical axis; tensile load (gf), see FIG. 5].
[0037]
From the obtained relationship curve, the value of each tensile load when the elongation is 20% and when the elongation is the effective elongation is read. Also, the gradient of the relation curve from the extension rate of 20% to the effective extension rate, that is, [tensile load (at the effective extension rate) −tensile load (at the time of 20%)] / [effective extension rate (%)-20%] Calculate and set the value as the tensile load increase rate (gf /%) between the elongation rate of 20% and the effective elongation rate.
The test piece was cut out so as to include a portion located in the center of the diaper in the longitudinal direction, and in a natural state, that is, in a state in which the cut out gathers naturally shrunk, on a plate having a flat surface or the like. The flattened gathers are cut out so as to have a length of at least 70 mm or more when a load is not applied as much as possible. Preferably, the one after measuring the elongation rate of the diaper provided state is used. The initial length (length in a natural state, elongation rate 0%) of the test piece at the start of stretching is 50 mm, and the test piece is stretched until it reaches the elongation rate in a state where the test piece is placed in a diaper.
[0038]
If the tensile load at the effective elongation is less than 20 gf, the standing of the front end of the three-dimensional gather is impaired at the time of wearing, and the three-dimensional gather is used to guide the leading end of the three-dimensional gather to the crotch at the time of wearing in a standing position. May fall down or bend on the skin of the wearer, making it difficult to mount it correctly. Further, when the posture of the wearer changes, a gap is formed between the distal end of the three-dimensional gather and the skin of the wearer, and the possibility of excretion leaking increases. Even if the tip of the three-dimensional gathers is in contact with the wearer's skin without any gaps, the tightening force as the three-dimensional gathers is weak, so the concealing power to confine the excrement within the three-dimensional gathers is weak, The possibility that the excrement moves outward by pushing away the gather tip increases, and it cannot be said that the excrement is effective as a leakage prevention effect.
If the tensile load at the effective elongation rate is more than 120 gf, the diaper will have a large force when it is deployed, and will not be easily deployed. In addition, the operability of the diaper after mounting is deteriorated because the diaper has a strong tendency to curl.
[0039]
In addition, when the diaper is inserted into the crotch portion when the diaper is inserted in the upright position, the diaper may be rounded or slipped without fixing the tape portion, and it is difficult to mount the diaper.
These are problems that occur when the stretching ratio at the time of disposing the diaper increases as in the present invention, and the phenomenon that the three-dimensional gathers that are stretched at the time of unfolding try to shrink so as to open the stretching and consequently round the diaper. It is. Therefore, in the present invention, by reducing the extensional stress to some extent, the force for the behavior of shrinking is reduced, and the phenomenon of shrinking is delayed, or the force required when unfolding the shrunk material is reduced. Thus, the wearability of the wearer is not deteriorated. In particular, under the condition that the elongation rate at the time of disposing the diaper is the same, the elongation stress is a dominant factor. If it does not exceed 120 gf, the wearer can easily deploy the diaper when deploying the diaper, and it can be said that the operability is not impaired.
[0040]
The rate of increase in tensile load is preferably small, and the three-dimensional gathers of the worn diaper are in close contact with the skin, and the force for preventing leakage does not change significantly due to changes in the posture of the wearer or various wearing methods. In addition, even when the diaper is deployed, there is no sudden change in force when the diaper is deployed, and the wearer feels no gathering weight (so-called) weight when deployed, and is easy to handle. Performance can be improved.
Therefore, when the rate of increase in tensile load is calculated as the amount of increase in tensile load per unit increase in elongation, the rate of increase in tensile load is 1 at all points where the elongation exceeds 0% to the effective elongation. 0.0 (gf /%) or less. However, in some sections, it may exceed 1.0 (gf /%). When such a section is a portion where the expansion rate is about 0 to 20%, the one having substantially the above-mentioned effect does not depart from the gist of the present invention. However, the upper limit of the rate of increase in tensile load in this section is preferably up to 2.0 (gf /%).
From such a viewpoint, in the present invention, the rate of increase in the tensile load is specified when the elongation is between 20% and the effective elongation.
[0041]
The disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment has a saturated absorption capacity on both sides of a center line L (see FIG. 2) which bisects the diaper in the longitudinal direction, that is, a saturated absorption capacity of both portions F and G located on both sides of the center line L. The capacity ratio (part F / part G) is 45/55 to 55/45, and no urine leakage occurs when worn by any of abdominal and dorsal mounting methods. From the viewpoint of preventing urine leakage regardless of the mounting direction, the ratio of the saturated absorption capacity (part F / part G) is preferably 48/52 to 52/48, and the saturated absorption capacity of both parts is preferred. Is more preferable as the difference between the two is smaller.
[0042]
Here, the saturation absorption capacities on both sides of the center line L of the diaper are measured as follows.
[Method of measuring saturated absorption capacity]
First, the diaper 1 is cut in the width direction at a center line L that bisects the longitudinal direction. Then, the three-dimensional gather and the leg gather are cut off. Further, the elastic portion arranged around the waist portion is cut. However, care is taken so that the structure of the absorption layer is not broken or cut. The cut diaper is placed on a wire mesh processed so that it can be taken out of the container horizontally, and the weight of the wire mesh is measured. The diaper together with the wire mesh is placed in a container provided with an opening for discharging the solution in the lower part of the side surface in advance, the opening is closed, and 0.9% by weight of physiological saline is injected so that the absorber is completely immersed. At this time, the injection speed is adjusted so that the polymer or the like does not fall off the cut end of the diaper. Leave for 30 minutes after complete immersion. Thereafter, the container is tilted 10 degrees with the discharge opening downward, the discharge opening is opened, and the solution in the container is discharged. The container is left for 30 minutes until the discharge is completed, and then the diaper is taken out of the container together with the wire mesh, and the weight of the wire mesh is measured. The absorption amount of the diaper is calculated from “the weight after the end of the test” − “the weight before the start of the test”, and this value is defined as the saturated absorption amount (g).
[0043]
In the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment, the waist portion elastic member 81 is integrally fixed between the sheets in the main body portion 10 including the topsheet 2, the backsheet 3, and the absorber 4, as described above. A structure in which a required elasticity and elasticity can be imparted to the main body portion 10 and a separate elastic and elastic material is connected to the main body portion 10 (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-507409 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-63077). Unlike what is described, for example, when the fastening tape is quickly attached to a child who escapes with yes, even if the fastening tape 5 is strongly pulled, there is no possibility that the elastic portion is damaged.
[0044]
In the three-dimensional gather of the present invention, the elastic members disposed thereon have a tensile load increase rate of at least 1.0 from an elongation rate of 20% to an effective elongation rate of at least 1.0, and a tensile load at the effective elongation rate of 20 to 120 gf. Can be obtained by a method of bonding and fixing to a nonwoven fabric sheet or the like. Here, the term “total” means “when a plurality of elastic members are arranged in the three-dimensional gathers, as a total”. As the elastic member for the three-dimensional gathers, a thread-shaped member (thread rubber or the like, preferably 450 dtex or less in thickness), a band-shaped member of a predetermined width (flat rubber or the like, preferably having a ratio of thickness to thickness of 0.1 to 1) ), A thin film-shaped material, and the like. Examples of the material for forming the elastic member include natural rubber, synthetic rubber such as styrene-butadiene, butadiene, isoprene, and neoprene, EVA, elastic polyolefin, and urethane. be able to. When a plurality of elastic members are arranged in a three-dimensional gather, the tensile load increase rate of at least 20% to the effective elongation rate of each elastic member is 0.5 or less, and the tensile load at the effective elongation rate is It is preferable to use one having 5 to 50 gf.
[0045]
The forming material of each part in the disposable diaper 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
As the surface sheet 2, the back sheet 3, the absorber 4, the elastic members 61 and the sheet material 62 for forming a three-dimensional gather, and the like, and the elastic members 71, 81, and 9, various known materials used in disposable diapers are known. Can be used without any particular limitation.
[0046]
The waist elastic member 71 is preferably a belt-like member having a predetermined width, the waist elastic member 81 is preferably a thread-like member, and the leg elastic member 9 is preferably a flat rubber-like member. Further, it is preferable that, for example, about 3 to 12 thread-like waist portion elastic members 81 are disposed on each side elastic portion 8.
[0047]
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0048]
For example, in the waistline portion E of the first portion B in the above embodiment, the elastic portions (side elastic portions 8, 8) are formed only on both sides in the diaper longitudinal direction, but also in the central portion in the diaper longitudinal direction. A continuous or discontinuous elastic part (an elastic part that elastically expands and contracts in the width direction) with both side elastic parts may be formed.
Further, the leg elastic members 9 may be arranged in an arc shape on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the diaper along respective side edges of the crotch. Furthermore, the shape of each part, the arrangement of each member, and the like can be appropriately changed.
The disposable diaper of the present invention may be a disposable diaper for adults, but is suitable for disposable diapers for infants (baby), particularly infants who do not want to change diapers.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The diaper according to the present invention can easily reattach and temporarily fix a fastening tape when the diaper is mounted, and can be easily mounted by various mounting methods. Then, it is less likely to fall off after mounting, and leakage of excrement can be reliably prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a disposable diaper as one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view showing the disposable diaper of FIG. 1 in a state (tensile state) in which elastic members of each part are stretched and expanded in a plane.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of measuring an engagement force after a shear force is applied.
FIG. 4 (a) is a diagram showing a state in which the disposable diaper shown in FIG. 1 is worn on a wearer (infant) in a standing state by abdominal wearing, and FIG. 4 (b). FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which the diaper 1 is worn on a wearer (infant) in a standing state by wearing the diaper 1 on the back side.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the elongation rate of the three-dimensional gather and the elongation stress (load) in the non-fixed state of the diaper, and a curve (1) in the graph indicates a preferred three-dimensional gather of the present invention. The curve {circle around (2)} is that of a conventional three-dimensional gather of a diaper.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 disposable diapers
2 Surface sheet
3 Back sheet
4 absorber
5 Fastening tape
53 Landing zone (adhered area)
8 Side elastic part (elastic part that elastically expands and contracts in the diaper width direction)
A Inseam
B Part 1 (one part in the longitudinal direction)
C Part 2

Claims

A liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet and a liquid-retentive absorber interposed between the two sheets are provided, and fastening tapes are provided on both side edges of one portion in the longitudinal direction, and the other is provided. A landing zone where the fastening tape is mechanically engaged is provided on the outer surface of the part, and an elastic portion that elastically expands and contracts in the diaper width direction is formed between the pair of fastening tapes, and a three-dimensional structure is provided along the diaper longitudinal direction. A diaper with gathers,
The elastic portion has a width in the diaper width direction of 40 mm or more in a contracted state, and a tensile load of 100 to 500 gf when extending between the fastening tapes to 95% of a maximum extension width in the diaper width direction;
In a state where the fastening tape is engaged and fixed to the landing zone, in the shear direction, the tension is stretched between the fastening tapes to a maximum extension width so as to have a tensile load, and the tension is measured after the tension is released. The engaging force is larger than the engaging force measured in the same manner except that it is not pulled in the shear direction,
The three-dimensional gathers are arranged at an elongation rate of 100% or more. When the three-dimensional gathers are stretched in a diaper non-fixed state, the elongation is defined as an elongation rate reduced by 30% from the elongation rate (%) in the diaper arrangement state. In a standing position, the tensile load at the effective elongation rate is 20 to 120 gf, and the rate of increase in the tensile load between 20% and the effective elongation rate is 1.0 (gf /%) or less. Easy diapers.

2. The engaging force measured after pulling the fastening tape in a shearing direction so as to have a tensile load when the fastening tape is stretched to a maximum stretching width and releasing the tension is in a range of 30 to 70 gf. 3. A diaper that can be easily worn in the standing position as described in the diaper.

The diaper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the engagement force measured without pulling in the shearing direction is 5 to 20 gf.

The maximum load when pulling in the shearing direction until the engagement state of the fastening tape and the landing tape is released in a state where the fastening tape is engaged with the landing tape is 2,000 gf or more. A diaper that is easy to wear in a standing position.

The diaper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the elastic member disposed on the waist elastic portion is a thread-like elastic member and a film-like elastic member.