JP2004049184A - Harvester for picking up agricultural crop - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a harvester for picking up agricultural crops and performing works of picking up/digging out the agricultural crops on the surface of or in soil mechanically so as to pick up or dig out the agricultural crops by leaving less crops on a ridge surely, without harming and also reducing the drop out of the crops from left and right in the middle of an inclined conveyer. <P>SOLUTION: This harvester is provided by installing the inclined conveyer 2 at the lower part of machine body of a traveling vehicle 1 so that the tip end part becomes buried in ridge soil as inclined and installing a pair of raking conveyers at each of the left and right side and in the front of the inclined conveyer so as to be arranged in a plane as V-shaped and also in a plurality of raking blades 3k so as to protrude in a sending direction at an inclined endless belt 3j so as to make the tip end part of the raking conveyer buried into ridge soil. Also, the V-shaped expanding angle of the raking conveyer 3 can be adjusted and also its inclined angle is freely adjustable. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a potato, taro, sweet potato, onion, garlic, etc. as a crop harvester for digging crops from the ridge of the field, or those placed on the levee surface of the field after these crops have been dug. And a machine that can be used as a crop pick-up machine for picking up and collecting crops.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a crop picking and harvesting machine that excavates and harvests crops in a field levee has been developed. This crop picking and harvesting machine is provided with an inclined transport conveyor whose tip is embedded in the body of a traveling vehicle in the field, a skid tip provided at the tip of the inclined transport conveyor, and a second transport conveyor at the rear end of the inclined transport conveyor. , Excavate the crops in the levee with the soil of the field by the skid tip and the inclined transport conveyor and transport it upward and backward.The soil is sieved off in the middle of the inclined transport conveyor, and only the crops are sent to the second transport conveyor, and This is a structure in which agricultural products are sent to a collection stand and collected by the second conveyor. Alternatively, there is also a structure in which agricultural products are dropped onto the levee surface of a field without being collected. In the latter machine, the dropped crop is dried (air-dried) for several hours and then collected.
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a farm product dug out on a ridge is air-dried after being left for a predetermined period of time, it is often picked up by hand and collected in a storage box such as a container. This pick-up was a laborious and time-consuming task.
As a crop picking machine that automatically performs this manual picking work with a machine, a scraping plate is attached to the horizontal rotating shaft in front of the inclined conveyor of the crop picking and harvesting machine, and the scraping blade is moved from top to bottom. 2. Description of the Related Art It has been known that a crop is rotated to dig up shallow crops on the soil, moved upward, sent to an inclined conveyor, and picked up and collected by the inclined conveyor.
However, this machine has a problem that the crop is compressed and pressurized between the scraping blades and the soil of the field, and the crop is greatly damaged when picked up. In addition, the crops at the left and right ends of the ridges are not sent to the inclined conveyor, but fall in the direction of the left and right ridges, are left on the fields at the left and right ends, are crushed by wheels / people, and germinate to grow new crops. Was a hindrance. In the case of a crop harvester that excavates and harvests crops as well as picks up the crops, there still remains the problem of leftovers of the crops left and right on the ridges or falling from the inclined conveyor.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional crop picking and digging and harvesting operations, to enable the crop to be reliably picked up and collected without damaging the crop on the ridge, and the crop in the ridge. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crop picking-up and harvesting machine which can dig up and leave a small amount and can surely harvest without falling down the inclined conveying conveyor.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The configuration of the present invention that has solved such a problem includes:
1) Provide a sloped conveyor with the tip part embedded in the ridge of the field, and the height of the sloping conveyor becomes higher in the rear. The inclined conveyor is rotated so that the upper conveying surface moves from the lower front to the upper rear, and the crops in the levee or on the surface of the levee surface at the tip of the inclined conveyor. In a crop picking and harvesting machine that continuously picks up the soil of the levee while transporting it along with the levee and lifts only the crop above the levee surface, the left and right sides in front of the inclined conveyor The sloping conveyor is installed in a slope so that the tip part is buried diagonally in the levee and becomes higher toward the rear. The squeezing conveyor is an endless vehicle laid horizontally so that the reciprocating path is located on the left and right. A plurality of scraping blades extending outward in the left and right directions are attached to the belt at predetermined intervals, and the endless belt is rotated so that the opposed belt portions of the pair of left and right endless belts move from the lower front to the upper rear, By moving the crops of the levee and the levee to the front central area of the inclined conveyor with the scraping blades of the scraping conveyor, the crops of the ridge can be transferred to the inclined conveyor without damage. Crop picking and harvesting machine 2) A crop picking and harvesting machine according to 1), wherein a pair of left and right scraping conveyors are arranged in an inverted octagonal shape such that the distance between the conveyors becomes shorter toward the rear. 3) The opposite of a pair of scraping conveyors. The pick-up machine described in 2) above, wherein the spread angle of the octagonal arrangement is adjustable. 4) A structure capable of adjusting the inclination angle of the scraping conveyor in the front-rear direction. 5) The crop picking and harvesting machine according to any one of 1) to 3) above, 5) The crop picking and harvesting machine according to any of 1) to 4) above, wherein the scraping blade is flexible and its tip is bent downward. 6) The crop picking and harvesting machine according to any one of 1) to 5) above, wherein the endless belt and the scraping blade are integrally formed of a flexible material. 7) Lifting the crop transported from the inclined transport conveyor to the end of the inclined transport conveyor. 8) A crop picking and harvesting machine according to any one of 1) to 6) above, wherein a second conveyor is provided for sending the crop to a crop collection table. 8) A container table for mounting a crop storage box is provided below the crop collection table so as to be undulating. 9) The crop picking and harvesting machine according to 7) or 8) above, wherein a flexible sheet is hung at the rear end of the crop collecting table so as to hang on the storage box.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The material of the scraping blade of the present invention is preferably a material (rubber or the like) which is less likely to be damaged by contact with agricultural products and has a certain degree of flexibility (elasticity) and flexibility. The scraping blade is preferably attached to an endless belt, and has a shape in which the outer end protrudes toward the belt feeding direction. Further, it is preferable to bend the tip portion so as to capture a wide range of agricultural products and to guide them to the center.
The left and right positions of the scraping conveyor are preferably such that the region where the crops are buried in the ridges or on the surface is moved toward the center so that the whole amount of the crops can be moved toward the center region of the rear inclined conveyor. It is preferable to be able to adjust the octagonal spread angle and the front and rear inclination angles of the scraping conveyor in consideration of the crop, the width of the ridge, the height of the ridge, and the like.
In the present invention, there is a case where all or a part of the second conveyor, the crop recovery table, and the container table are arranged behind the inclined conveyor, and a case where it is not.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a crop pick-up machine or as a normal crop harvester by adjusting the insertion depth and the inclination angle of the scraping conveyor and the inclined conveyor to the bank. When one machine is used for both machines, it is preferable that the inclination angles of these conveyors to the bank can be adjusted.
In the present invention, the present invention includes a case where agricultural products sent by the inclined conveyor are collected on a machine such as a crop collecting table, a container, or the like, or a case where the picked-up agricultural products are dropped on the levee and returned to the ridge. It is.
Thickness of the inclined conveyor of the present invention (distance between the upper and lower conveyors; distance between the upper end of the upper chain portion and the lower end of the lower chain portion in a conveyor using an endless chain) Is preferably 60 mm or less, because the resistance from the soil acting on the inclined conveyor that is partially buried in the soil and moves forward is reduced.
The endless belt of the scraping conveyor according to the present invention is a generic name for an endless belt, chain, and wire as a representative of the belt. Further, the scraping blades and the endless belt may be separate bodies, or may be integrated parts.
[0006]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a crop picking and harvesting machine for picking up potatoes according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the spreading angle of the scraping conveyor can be adjusted from parallel to an inverted octagon, and the endless belt and the scraping blade whose tip is bent downward are integrally formed of flexible rubber. A second conveyor, which is inclined nearly vertically behind the inclined conveyor, is provided with a crop recovery table at an end position of a return portion of the second conveyor, and an undulating container table is provided below the crop collection table. In this example, a storage box (container) is placed on a table, and a vinyl flexible sheet is hung at the rear end of the crop recovery table.
[0007]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a main part of the embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the transmission mechanism of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a main part mechanism of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a main part mechanism of the embodiment viewed from a plane.
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the main mechanism of the embodiment as viewed from the side.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a pivot structure of the container table according to the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the inclined conveyor of the embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a side view illustrating the inclined conveyor according to the embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the scraping conveyor belt of the example.
FIG. 10 is a side view showing the scraping conveyor belt of the example.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
Drawing 12 is an explanatory view showing the upper return part of the 2nd transportation conveyor of an example, and a crop recovery stand.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a potato picking-up step of the embodiment.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the picked-up state of the potato of the example.
[0008]
In the figure, M is the crop picking and harvesting machine of the example, G is the ridge of the field, S is the soil of the ridge, GD is the ridge, and B is the potato.
[0009]
In the figure, 1 is a traveling vehicle of the crop picking and harvesting machine M, 1a is an engine driving unit of the traveling vehicle, 1b is a front wheel using tires, 1c is a rear wheel, 1d is an operation handle unit, 1e is a speed change transmission unit, Reference numeral 1f denotes a transmission belt, and 1g denotes a transmission pulley. The power of the engine driving unit 1a rotates the front wheel 1b, and the driving pulley 1g and the transmission belt 1f drive the scraping conveyor 3 via the speed change transmission unit 1e. The motive power is transmitted to the transport conveyor 2 and the second transport conveyor 4, and travel, stop, operation and control of the conveyor are performed by the operation handle 1d.
[0010]
In the drawing, reference numeral 2 denotes an inclined conveyor mounted on the body of the traveling vehicle 1 between the front wheel 1b and the rear wheel 1c, and as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, between a pair of left and right half-pitch endless chains 2a, 2b. A rod 2c is provided at every half pitch. 2d is a chain wheel, 2e is a driving shaft, 2f is a power introduction belt pulley wheel coaxially mounted on the driving shaft 2e coaxially with the chain wheel 2d, 2g is a skiving tip, and the thickness of the inclined conveyor 2 (endless). The distance between the outer ends of the chains 2a and 2b on the outward path and the return path) is about 40 mm.
[0011]
In the drawing, 3 is a scraping conveyor, 3a is a conveyor pulley mounting arm, 3b is a pivot for rotatably mounting the conveyor pulley mounting arm to the conveyor mounting frame 3f, 3c is a missing number, and 3d is provided near a coaxial hole. The long holes 3e are fixed bolts which are inserted into the long holes to hold the conveyor pulley mounting arm 3a at a predetermined spread angle (an angle between the pulley center line and the traveling direction line), 3f is a conveyor mounting frame, and 3g is a conveyor pulley mounting. A conveyor pulley attached to the end of the arm 3a, 3h is a conveyor pulley attached to the conveyor mounting frame 3f side, 3j is a rubber endless belt stretched between the conveyor pulleys 3g and 3h, and 3k is a scraper integrally formed with the endless belt. 3m is a bent portion bent downward from the tip of the scraping blade, and 3n is protruded upward from the conveyor mounting frame 3f and runs on the conveyor mounting frame. A mounting plate mounted on the body of the vehicle 1, 3 o is a long hole provided on the mounting plate, 3 p is a drive shaft of the scraping conveyor 3, 3 q is a right-angle turning transmission for rotating the conveyor pulley 3 h by rotation of the drive shaft. Reference numerals 3r denote fixing bolts that are inserted into the elongated holes 3o and hold the mounting plate 3n at a predetermined vertical inclination angle toward the machine body.
[0012]
The scraping conveyor 3 is mounted on the body side of the traveling vehicle 1, the mounting plate 3n and the bearing of the drive shaft 3p, and the mounting plate 3n and the conveyor mounting frame 3f are mounted so as to be rotatable around the drive shaft 3p. . The mounting plate 3n can be held at a predetermined tilt angle in the front-rear direction at the position of the fixing bolt 3r in the long hole 3o of the mounting plate 3n.
Further, the endless belt 3j of the scraping conveyor 3 can rotate around the pulley axis of the conveyor pulley 3h, and rotate the conveyor pulley mounting arm 3a holding the conveyor pulley 3g at the tip about the pivot 3b to fix the fixing bolt 3e. The opening angle of the endless belt 3j can be adjusted by holding the elongated hole 3d at a predetermined angle.
[0013]
In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a second conveyor, which has a pair of right and left endless chains 4a stretched vertically close thereto, and a comb-shaped lifting body 4b is laid between the endless chains 4a. Reference numeral 5 denotes a comb-shaped chute provided at an upper return portion of the second conveyor 4, reference numeral 6 denotes a crop collecting table, reference numeral 6a denotes a rear end of the collecting table, and reference numeral 6b denotes an opening formed by sliding the collecting table rear end 6a backward. , 6c is a collection table mounting shaft, 6d is a recovery table mounting bearing, and is mounted on a frame of the second conveyor, and the crop recovery table 6 is detachably mounted on the machine body by inserting the recovery table mounting shaft 6c into this. . Reference numeral 7 denotes a container table which is attached to the rear lower part of the rear wheel 1C so as to be able to move up and down, 7a denotes a pivot of the container table, 7b denotes a stopper, 7c denotes a pipe-shaped bearing mounted on the side of the body into which the pivot 7a is inserted, and 8 denotes the same container. A container 9 serving as a storage box placed on the table is a vinyl flexible sheet suspended from the rear end of the crop collection table 6.
[0014]
In this embodiment, the front wheel 1b and the rear wheel 1c are placed in the ridge GD of the field to operate the engine driving unit 1a, and the front wheel 1b is rotated to move forward in the field. In the running state, as shown in FIG. 14, the tip of the inclined conveyor 2 is embedded so as to be inserted into the soil S of the ridge of the field, and the tip of the scraping conveyor 3 is also inserted into the ridge. Operate these conveyors by embedding.
When the scraping conveyor 3 operates, the scraping blade 3k moves diagonally upward in the soil S from the left and right outer sides toward the center, and brings the soil and potato B on the left and right sides of the ridge G to the center of the ridge.
At this time, since the scraping blade 3k moves in the soil from the horizontal direction and the lower side to the upper direction, the potato B is not pressurized by the lower ground and the scraping blade 3k, and the pottery B is opened with the soil. Since the potato B is moved upward and sideways, the potato B moves without being damaged or crushed. Potatoes B on the left and right sides of the ridge G and outside the width of the inclined conveyor 2 or potatoes that may fall at the very edge of the inclined conveyor 2 are sent to the center by being moved to the center, so that they can be reliably sent by the latter inclined conveyor 2. As a result, the potato can be picked up (digged up) in almost the entire amount without leaving it in the soil.
The bent portion 3n at the tip of the scraping blade 3k can capture potato B well. Also, since the material is rubber, potato B is less likely to be damaged.
The scraping conveyor 3 rotates the conveyor pulley mounting arm 3a around its pivot 3b to a required spread angle (an angle between the direction of the endless belt 3j and the running direction) and a nut of a fixing bolt 3e that penetrates the slot 3d. By tightening and fixing, the required spread angle can be obtained.
[0015]
In addition, the conveyor mounting frame 3f of the scraping conveyor 3 is rotated around the drive shaft 3p, and the fixing bolt 3r penetrating the long hole of the mounting plate 3n is scraped to tighten the conveyor 3 at a predetermined vertical inclination angle. The inclination angle (insertion angle) of the conveyor 3 in the front-rear direction can be adjusted within a certain range.
When the potato B is moved to the center and upward by the scraping conveyor 3 as described above, the inclined transport conveyor 2 at the rear transports the potato B in the levee and the potato B brought to the center by the scraping conveyor 3. And send it upwards. Since there is a large space between the rods 2c of the inclined conveyor 2, soil, pebbles, sand and the like fall down, and only the potato B is sent rearward and upward.
[0016]
The potato B sent by the inclined conveyor 2 is lifted upward by the second conveyor 4 and moves to the crop collecting table 6 having the comb-shaped bottom via the comb-shaped chute 5 at the upper return portion. I do. The potato B moved to the crop collecting table 6 is sorted by an operator who operates the operation handle 1d of the crop picking and harvesting machine of the embodiment, and is transferred to the container 8 placed on the container table 7. At this time, the pebbles and sand fall from the crop collecting stand 6 to the lower row so as not to enter the container 8 from the front of the flexible sheet 9.
When the potato B is to be automatically dropped into the container 8, the rear end 6 a of the collecting stand is slid backward to form an opening 6 b in front of the rear end 6 of the collecting stand and sent to the crop collecting stand 6. The potato B is dropped from the opening 6b to the container 8 below, so that the manual transfer operation can be omitted.
Further, when the container 8 is not used, the container stand 7 is used by raising it around the pivot 7a. Thereby, it is also possible to place potato B directly on the ridge.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by the scraping conveyor, the potatoes on the left and right sides of the ridge are brought to the center without damaging the soil, and the crop is surely picked up or excavated without leaving it on the ridge surface. it can.
Those that can adjust the spread angle and inclination angle of the scraping conveyor can be adjusted according to the state of the ridge, the width, and the depth of the crop, and can be optimized, so that the crop can be more reliably Picking up and digging are possible.
If there is a second conveyor, a crop recovery table, and a container (before storage) behind the inclined conveyor, the crop recovery can be automated.
The flexible sheet at the rear end of the crop recovery stand can be separated and dropped so that pebbles and soil do not enter the crop storage box.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a main part of an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a transmission mechanism of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a main part mechanism of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a main part mechanism of the embodiment viewed from a plane.
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a main part mechanism of the embodiment as viewed from a side.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a pivoting structure of the container base of the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an inclined conveyor according to the embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing an inclined conveyance conveyor of the embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a scraping conveyor belt of the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a side view showing a scraping conveyor belt of the embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing an upper return portion of a second conveyor and a crop recovery table according to the embodiment.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing a potato picking-up step of the embodiment.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a picked-up state of potatoes according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Running vehicle 1a Engine drive part 1b Front wheel 1c Rear wheel 1d Operation handle part 1e Transmission transmission part 1f Transmission belt 1g Transmission pulley 2 Inclined conveyor 2a, 2b Endless chain 2c Rod 2d Chain wheel 2e Belt pulley wheel 2f Belt pulley wheel 2g Skiving tip 3 Scraping conveyor 3a Conveyor pulley mounting arm 3b Axis 3d Slot 3e Fixing bolt 3f Conveyor mounting frame 3g Conveyor pulley 3h Conveyor pulley 3j Endless belt 3k Scraping blade 3m Bend 3n Mounting plate 3o Slot 3p Drive shaft 3q Right angle turning transmission part 3r Fixing bolt 4 Second transport conveyor 4a Endless link chain 4b Lifting body 5 Chute 6 Crop collection stand 6a Collection stand rear end 6b Opening 6c Collection stand attachment shaft 6d Collection stand attachment bearing 7 Container stand 7a Axis 7b Stopper 7c Bearing 8 Container 9 Flexible Tomato M Crop picking and harvesting machine G of embodiment G ridge S Soil GD ridge groove B Potato

Claims (9)

The body of the traveling body that runs in the field is provided with an inclined conveyor that the tip part is buried in the levee of the field and rises toward the rear, and the conveying surface of the inclined conveyor sieves the soil of the levee while holding the crops A structure with a gap to drop, and rotate the inclined conveyor so that the upper conveying surface moves from the lower front to the upper rear, and use the tip of the inclined conveyor to move the crops in the levee or on the levee surface In a crop picking and harvesting machine that picks up crops higher than the levee surface by continuously picking up the soil in the levee while transporting while traveling with the ridge, the ridges are placed on each of the left and right sides in front of the inclined conveyor. An endless belt that is slopingly buried in the soil so that the tip part is buried diagonally and becomes higher as it goes backwards, and the rubbing conveyor is placed sideways so that the reciprocating path is located on the left and right. A plurality of left and right outwardly extending scraping blades are attached at predetermined intervals, and the endless belt is rotated so that the opposed belt portions of the pair of left and right endless belts move from the lower front to the upper rear. It is characterized in that the crops of the ridge and the ridge are brought to the central area in front of the inclined conveyor by the scraping blades of the conveyor so that the crops of the ridge can be transferred to the inclined conveyor without damage. Crop picking and harvesting machine. 2. The crop picking and harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the pair of left and right scraping conveyers are arranged in a plane in an inverted octagon in which the distance between the conveyers becomes shorter toward the rear. 3. The pick-up machine according to claim 2, wherein the spread angle of the inverted octagonal arrangement of the pair of scraping conveyors is adjustable. The crop picking and harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the scraping conveyor has a structure capable of adjusting a tilt angle in a front-rear direction. The crop picking and harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the scraping blade is flexible and its tip is bent downward. The crop picking and harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the endless belt and the scraping blade are integrally formed of a flexible material. The crop picking and harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a second transport conveyor that lifts the crop transported from the inclined transport conveyor and sends the crop to a crop recovery table at the end of the inclined transport conveyor. 8. The crop picking and harvesting machine according to claim 7, wherein a container table on which a crop storage box is placed is provided undulatingly below the crop collection table. 9. The crop picking and harvesting machine according to claim 7, wherein a flexible sheet is hung at the rear end of the crop collecting stand so as to hang from the storage box.

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