JP2004044463A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor which is constituted at low cost, and which smoothly recovers lubricating oil stored in a capacity control part to an inlet chamber. <P>SOLUTION: This compressor 1 comprises: a capacity control chamber 3 arranged inside a housing 2; a cylinder chamber 4 for slidably supporting a piston 8; and the inlet chamber 11 and a discharge chamber 12 built in a rear housing 10. A valve plate 15 and a gasket 16 are interposed between the housing 2 and the rear housing 10, and a peripheral part is fixed with a mounting bolt 9. A storage part 3a for storing the lubricating oil is arranged to a lower part of the capacity control chamber 3, and the lowermost mounting bolt 9 passes through the storage part 3a and is inserted to a bolt insertion hole 4b of the cylinder chamber 4. The gasket 16 is formed with a bolt insertion hole 163 and a cutout groove 164. An oil return passage 20 is constituted of the bolt insertion hole 4b of the cylinder chamber 4, the volt insertion hole 163 and the cutout groove 164 of the gasket 16. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle, and further relates to a compressor which improves recovery of lubricating oil circulating with a refrigerant.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle is circulated including lubricating oil for protecting sliding parts of the compressor. When the lubricating oil flows into the compressor, the lubricating oil gradually accumulates in the compressor. That is, in the conventional compressor 51, as shown in FIG. 6, a capacity control chamber 53 and a plurality of cylinder chambers 54 are provided in a housing 52, and a piston 58 is disposed in the capacity control chamber 53 so as to be rotatable around a drive shaft 56. A swash plate 57 is disposed, and a piston 58 that reciprocates in each cylinder chamber 54 is disposed. Further, the inside of the rear housing 60 adjacent to the housing 52 is configured to include a suction chamber 61 for taking in refrigerant from the outside and a discharge chamber 62 for receiving compressed refrigerant.
[0003]
The refrigerant flowing from the external pipe is drawn into the cylinder chamber 54 formed so as to slidably surround the piston 58 from the suction chamber 61 by the reciprocating movement of the piston 58, and is moved into the cylinder chamber 54 by the reciprocating movement of the piston 58. Is compressed, becomes high pressure, and flows into the discharge chamber 62.
[0004]
At this time, the lubricating oil sucked into the cylinder chamber 54 together with the refrigerant reaches the capacity control chamber 53 through a slight gap between the piston 58 and the cylinder chamber 54 and is stored in the lower part of the capacity control chamber 53. When the lubricating oil passes through the piston 58 and the cylinder chamber 54, the piston 58 slides at high speed in the cylinder chamber 54, but is protected by the lubricating oil. Can be prevented from being worn to extend the life.
[0005]
The lubricating oil accumulates in the lower part in the capacity control chamber 53 and is splashed up by the rotation of the swash plate 57, thereby lubricating and protecting other sliding parts. However, unless the lubricating oil stored in the lower part of the capacity control chamber 53 flows and circulates in the cycle, each sliding device in the refrigeration cycle that operates for a long time may not be able to be protected by the lubricating oil. There was.
[0006]
In the conventional compressor 51, in order to recover the stored lubricating oil, the stored lubricating oil is returned to the suction chamber 61 by an oil return hole 56 a formed in the drive shaft 56.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the oil return hole 56a formed in the conventional compressor 51 is disposed in the rotating shaft of the compressor 51, and the upper surface of the stored lubricating oil reaches the position of the drive shaft 56. Therefore, the lubricating oil could not be easily put into the oil return hole 56a unless it was flipped up. Further, the lubricating oil jumped up by the swash plate 57 is introduced into the small-diameter oil return hole 56a formed in the drive shaft 56 because the drive shaft 56 is rotating at a high speed and the oil return hole 56a has a small diameter. Therefore, it was extremely difficult and could not be collected in the suction chamber 61.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and to provide a compressor that can be configured at a low cost and that can quickly return lubricating oil flowing along with refrigerant from a capacity control chamber to a suction chamber. And
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A compressor according to the present invention is configured as follows in order to solve the above problems. That is,
According to the invention described in claim 1, in the compressor, a plurality of cylinder chambers are formed in the housing, a piston reciprocating in each of the cylinder chambers, a piston driver disposed in the capacity control chamber, and a valve provided in the housing. It has a suction chamber and a discharge chamber built in a rear housing adjacent via a plate and a gasket.
[0010]
On the other hand, between the housing and the rear housing, a gasket as a seal member and a valve plate on which a valve is arranged are partitioned by a coolant for circulation of a coolant, and a cutout groove is formed in the gasket, or a valve is provided. A notch groove is formed in the plate, or a notch groove is formed on the gasket side of the rear plate.
[0011]
Therefore, the oil return passage is formed by a lubricating oil reservoir formed in the displacement control chamber, a compressor mounting bolt hole disposed in the housing, and a gasket notch groove communicating with the mounting bolt hole. Or a notch groove of the valve plate, or a notch groove formed on the gasket side of the rear plate.
[0012]
That is, in the present invention, the lubricating oil stored in the lower part of the capacity control chamber uses the compressor assembling bolt holes to recover the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil passing through the compressor assembling bolt holes is It is collected in the suction chamber through a notch groove formed in the gasket, or is collected in the suction chamber through a notch groove formed in the valve plate or a notch groove formed in the rear housing. You. Since the internal pressure of the suction chamber is lower than that of the capacity control chamber, the flow of the lubricating oil can easily move from the higher internal pressure to the lower internal pressure, and the lubricating oil can be collected smoothly. Can be.
[0013]
The lubricating oil returned to the suction chamber is again sucked into the cylinder chamber and partly enters the displacement control chamber, and partly flows from the cylinder chamber to the discharge chamber together with the refrigerant. Then, the refrigerant circulates through the refrigeration cycle from the discharge chamber and returns to the compressor.
[0014]
As described above, in the present invention, the lubricating oil stored in the capacity control chamber can be recovered without opening a new recovery hole by using the compressor assembling bolt hole, and further, the gasket or the valve plate or Since only the notch groove is formed on the gasket side of the rear housing, the notch groove can be formed very easily without complicated processing, and lubricating oil can be collected at low cost. it can.
[0015]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the compressor, a plurality of cylinder chambers are formed in the housing, a piston reciprocating in each of the cylinder chambers, a piston driver disposed in a capacity control chamber, and the housing. And a suction chamber and a discharge chamber built in the adjacent rear housing via a gasket.
[0016]
The capacity control chamber is formed with an oil sump in which lubricating oil that moves with the refrigerant is stored, one end of the oil return passage faces the oil sump, and the other end of the oil return passage faces the suction chamber. An oil return passage is formed facing the oil return passage.
[0017]
That is, in the present invention, the lubricating oil stored in the lower portion of the capacity control chamber is returned to the oil return formed so as to connect the oil reservoir of the capacity control chamber and the suction chamber in the rear housing at a portion not interfering with the cylinder chamber. Lubricating oil is collected through a passage.
[0018]
Therefore, the flow of the lubricating oil can easily move from the capacity control chamber having a high internal pressure to the suction chamber having a low internal pressure, and the lubricating oil can be smoothly collected.
[0019]
The lubricating oil returned to the suction chamber is again sucked into the cylinder chamber and partly enters the displacement control chamber, and partly flows from the cylinder chamber to the discharge chamber together with the refrigerant. Then, the refrigeration cycle is circulated from the discharge chamber.
[0020]
As described above, in the present invention, since one oil return passage is formed in the partition wall between the cylinders, processing can be performed at low cost and lubricating oil can be easily collected.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0022]
The compressor according to the embodiment will be described as a compressor constituting a refrigeration cycle in an air conditioner of a vehicle or an air conditioner for home use. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the compressor 1 according to the first embodiment is surrounded by a capacity control chamber 3 and a plurality of cylinder chambers 4 surrounded by a housing 2, and a rear housing 10 adjacent to the rear of the housing 2. The suction chamber 11 and the discharge chamber 12 are provided. A drive shaft 6 connected by a drive device (not shown) is rotatably arranged in the housing 2 so as to cross the center of the housing 2, and a swash plate 7 which rotates together with the drive shaft 6 is provided in the capacity control chamber 3. Are engaged with and connected to a bearing 8a of a piston 8 that reciprocates in each cylinder chamber 4.
[0023]
The housing 2 and the rear housing 10 are separated from each other by a valve plate 15 and a gasket 16, and are also provided with a plurality of compressor assembling bolts (hereinafter, referred to as assembling bolts) arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at the peripheral edge. 9 is fixed. The assembling bolt 9 passes from a front wall of the housing 2 through a bolt through hole 4b of a wall portion 4a which does not interfere with the piston 8 of the cylinder chamber 4, and is screwed into a female screw portion 10b formed on the wall portion 10a of the rear housing 10. ing.
[0024]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the gasket 16 is formed in a ring shape having a hollow portion 161 at a portion corresponding to the suction chamber 11 in the center, and a part of an annular portion 162 corresponding to the discharge chamber 12 includes: A plurality of bolt through holes 163 are formed, and a cutout groove 164 is formed in at least one of the bolt through holes 163 (bolt through holes arranged at the lower portion) so as to be connected to the hollow portion 161. .
[0025]
The lower part of the capacity control section 3 of the compressor 1 is provided as a storage section 3a for storing the lubricating oil. In the storage section 3a, among the plurality of assembly bolts 9 arranged on the periphery of the housing, the compressor One of the mounting bolts 9 located at the lowermost position in a state where 1 is arranged at a predetermined position is arranged.
[0026]
Therefore, the lubricating oil that immerses the lowermost mounting bolt 9 flows through the bolt return hole 4b formed in the wall 4a of the cylinder chamber 4, the bolt return hole 163 of the gasket 16, and the oil return passage 20 formed by the notch groove 164. I will pass.
[0027]
Since the capacity control unit 3 is slightly compressed by the blow-by gas from the cylinder chamber 4 and has a high pressure compared to the suction chamber 11, the lubricating oil stored in the capacity control chamber 3 is transferred to the low-pressure suction chamber 11. It will flow in a natural state toward it.
[0028]
Next, the operation of the compressor 1 configured as described above will be described.
[0029]
In the compressor 1 constituting the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant that has undergone heat exchange by the evaporator and evaporates flows in a low pressure state, and flows into the suction chamber in the rear housing 10 together with the lubricating oil.
[0030]
On the other hand, in the housing 2, the drive shaft 6 is rotated by a drive device (not shown) to rotate the swash plate 7. Since the swash plate 7 is engaged with the bearings 8a of the plurality of pistons 8, the swash plate 7 rotates to reciprocate the piston 8 in the cylinder chamber 4. By the reciprocating movement of the piston 8, the refrigerant flowing into the suction chamber 11 is sucked in the cylinder chamber 4 and is compressed by the reciprocating movement of the piston 8. The refrigerant compressed in the cylinder chamber 4 flows into a discharge chamber 12 formed in the rear housing 10, and then flows out.
[0031]
At this time, since the refrigerant sucked into the cylinder chamber 4 accompanies lubricating oil, the lubricating oil also flows into the cylinder chamber 4. A part of the lubricating oil flows into the discharge chamber 12 together with the compressed refrigerant, while another part flows into the capacity control chamber 3 through a small gap between the cylinder chamber 4 and the piston 8. .
[0032]
Since the lubricating oil passes around the piston 8 that slides in the cylinder chamber 4, lubrication between the cylinder chamber 4 and the piston 8 is achieved, and wear of each component can be prevented. The lubricating oil flowing into the capacity control chamber 3 is stored in the lower storage portion 3a of the capacity control chamber 3, and is jumped up and stirred in the capacity control chamber by the rotation of the swash plate 7. The agitated lubricating oil lubricates the bearings and other sliding parts of the drive shaft 7 to prevent the parts from being worn.
[0033]
On the other hand, the lubricating oil stored in the lower part of the capacity control chamber 3 is supplied to the bolt through hole 42 through which the cylinder chamber 4 is inserted because the lowermost mounting bolt 9 is disposed in the storage part 3a. The oil is collected in the suction chamber 11 through the oil return passage 20 constituted by the 16 bolt holes 163 and the notched grooves 164. As described above, the recovery of the lubricating oil into the suction chamber 11 flows from a higher pressure to a lower pressure, and therefore flows in a very natural state.
[0034]
As described above, the notch communicating the lubricating oil stored in the capacity control chamber 3 with the bolt through hole 4b of the assembling bolt 9 of the cylinder chamber 4 and further with the bolt through hole 163 of the gasket 16 is provided. Since the oil return passage 20 is formed by forming the groove 164, the lubricating oil can be collected in the suction chamber 11 at a very low cost.
[0035]
Next, the compressor 21 according to the second embodiment is configured such that the oil return passage is formed not in the gasket 16 but in the valve plate 15 using the bolt through hole 4b through which the cylinder chamber 4 is inserted.
[0036]
As shown in FIG. 4, the valve plate 15 has a plurality of bolt holes 151 formed in a peripheral portion thereof, and one notch groove 152 is provided so as to communicate the lowermost bolt hole 151 with the suction chamber 11. Is formed. As a result, the oil return passage 30 is constituted by the bolt through hole 4b through which the cylinder chamber 4 is inserted, the bolt through hole 151 of the valve plate 15, and the notch groove 152, and the lubricating oil stored in the capacity control unit 3 Can flow into the suction chamber 11 through the hollow portion 161 of the gasket 16 through the oil return passage 30.
[0037]
Therefore, similarly to the compressor of the first embodiment, the lubricating oil can be collected in the suction chamber 11 at a very low cost.
[0038]
It should be noted that the same effect can be achieved by forming the notched groove not in the valve plate 15 but in the wall of the rear housing 10 facing the gasket 16.
[0039]
Next, a compressor 31 according to a third embodiment will be described.
[0040]
Like the compressor 1 of the first embodiment, the compressor 31 includes a capacity control chamber 33 and a plurality of cylinder chambers 34 built in a housing 32, a suction chamber 41 and a discharge chamber 42 built in a rear housing 40. It is configured with. A drive shaft 36 is rotatably arranged in the housing 32, and a swash plate 37 that rotates together with the drive shaft 36 is engaged with and connected to a bearing 38 a of a piston 38 in the capacity control chamber 43.
[0041]
The housing 32 and the rear housing 40 are partitioned by a valve plate 45 and a gasket 46, and are fixed by a plurality of mounting bolts 39 arranged at equal intervals on a peripheral edge along a circumferential direction.
[0042]
The lower part of the capacity control chamber 33 is arranged as a storage part 33a for storing the lubricating oil, and passes through a wall part 34a of the cylinder chamber 34 that does not interfere with the piston 38 from one place facing the storage part 33a on the end face of the cylinder chamber 34. An oil return passage 34b extending toward the suction chamber 41 in the rear housing 40 is formed obliquely. By forming an insertion hole 45a in the valve plate 45 at a position opposed to the oil return passage 34b, the oil return passage 34b allows the lubricating oil stored in the storage portion 33a of the capacity control section 33 to pass through the oil return passage 34b. The gas can be collected in the suction chamber 41 through the insertion hole 45a of the valve plate 45 and the hollow portion 46a of the gasket 46.
[0043]
Therefore, also in this embodiment, since one oil return passage 34b is formed in the cylinder chamber 34 that does not interfere with the piston 38, the lubricating oil stored in the storage section 33a is removed from the capacity control chamber 33 having a high internal pressure. Since it flows naturally toward the suction chamber 41 having a low internal pressure, processing can be performed at low cost, and lubricating oil can be easily collected.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a part of the gasket in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a front sectional view showing a compressor according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing a compressor according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a front sectional view showing a conventional compressor.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 21, 31 Compressor 2, 32 Housing 3, 33 Capacity control chamber 3a, 33a Storage part 4, 34 Cylinder chamber 4b Bolt through hole 8, 38 Piston 9, 39 Assembling bolt 10, 40 Rear housing 11, 41 Suction Chambers 12, 42 Discharge chambers 15, 45 Valve plate 151 Bolt through hole 152 Notch groove 16, 46 Gasket 161 Hollow portion 163 Bolt through hole 164 Notch groove 20 Oil return passage 30 Oil return passage 34a Oil return passage

Claims (2)

A plurality of cylinder chambers are formed in the housing, a piston reciprocating in each of the cylinder chambers, a piston driver disposed in the capacity control chamber, and a built-in rear housing adjacent to the housing via a valve plate and a gasket. A compressor having a suction chamber and a discharge chamber,
The capacity control chamber is formed with an oil reservoir in which lubricating oil that moves together with the refrigerant is stored,
An oil return passage connecting the oil reservoir and the suction chamber is formed,
The oil return passage, a compressor mounting bolt hole disposed in the housing, a notch groove formed in the gasket while communicating with the mounting bolt hole, or a notch groove formed in the valve plate; Alternatively, the compressor comprises a cutout groove formed on the gasket side of the rear housing. A plurality of cylinder chambers are formed in the housing, a piston reciprocating in each of the cylinder chambers, a piston driver disposed in the capacity control chamber, and a built-in rear housing adjacent to the housing via a valve plate and a gasket. A compressor having a suction chamber and a discharge chamber,
The capacity control chamber is formed with an oil reservoir in which lubricating oil that moves together with the refrigerant is stored,
An oil return passage connecting the oil reservoir and the suction chamber is formed,
The oil return passage extends through the housing, one end of the oil return passage faces the oil reservoir, and the other end of the oil return passage faces the suction chamber. And the compressor.

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