JP2004035328A - Reforming device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reforming device which can enhance its durability while reducing cost and shortening a starting time. <P>SOLUTION: In this reforming device, a reforming chamber 3 into which a reforming catalyst 3c is charged is installed at one side of a heat transfer plate 40 whose edge is fixed and at the other side, there is provided a heating chamber 4 for heating the reforming chamber 3 through the heat transfer plate 40 by the flow of a heating fluid. A plurality of preventive bodies 42 are provided for preventing the heat transfer plate 40 from deforming so as to swell to the side of the heating chamber 4 by pushing or pulling. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a reforming chamber in which a reforming catalyst is loaded is provided on one side of a heat transfer plate having a fixed peripheral portion, and a heating fluid flows through the other side of the heat transfer plate. And a reforming apparatus provided with a heating chamber for heating the reforming chamber via the heat transfer plate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Such a reformer is configured to allow a heating fluid such as combustion gas of a burner to flow through a heating chamber and heat a reforming catalyst in the reforming chamber via a heat transfer plate. A hydrogen-containing gas is obtained by supplying a hydrocarbon-based or alcohol-based raw fuel mixed with water vapor for processing, and reforming the raw fuel to obtain a hydrogen-containing gas. It is used to generate fuel gas used as. Usually, the reforming catalyst is formed in a granular shape, and a large number of granular reforming catalysts are charged into the reforming chamber.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 9, the conventional reformer is configured such that a flat heat transfer plate 40 is simply provided at a peripheral portion so as to partition the reforming chamber 3 and the heating chamber 4. .
By the way, in the conventional reforming apparatus shown in FIG. 9, the reforming chamber 3 is formed by welding the peripheral portion of the dish-shaped chamber forming member 41 to one side of the heat transfer plate 40, and the heating chamber 4 The peripheral portion of the dish-shaped chamber forming member 41 is welded to the other side of the heat transfer plate 40, and a gas burner 4 b for burning gas fuel in the heating chamber 4 is provided in the heating chamber 4. Thus, the combustion gas from the gas burner 4b is allowed to flow into the heating chamber 4 as a heating fluid.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in such a reformer, it is preferable to efficiently heat the reforming catalyst via the heat transfer plate. Therefore, usually, the reformer has a posture in which the heat transfer plate is oriented vertically (hereinafter, referred to as a vertical position). , Standing position) or a position in which the heat transfer plate is the bottom of the reforming chamber (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as the heat transfer plate bottom position) to transfer the reforming catalyst to heat. Make contact with the board. By the way, when the reforming apparatus is installed in the upright position, since the reforming catalyst is filled in the cross section in the reforming chamber, the raw fuel is passed through the reforming catalyst in the vertical direction. The raw fuel to be supplied is allowed to pass through the reforming catalyst without leakage, so that the reforming processing rate for reforming the raw fuel is increased.
When the reformer is arranged in the standing posture or the heat transfer plate bottom position as described above, the heat transfer plate is applied with a load whose peripheral portion is fixed and directed toward the heating chamber by the reforming catalyst. In a state of being heated.
[0005]
However, in the conventional reforming apparatus, when the heat transfer plate 40 is heated and thermally expanded during operation when the heat transfer plate 40 is arranged in the standing posture or the heat transfer plate bottom position, the heat transfer plate 40 Due to the load applied toward the heating chamber side, the heat transfer plate 40 is easily deformed so as to swell toward the heating chamber side, and even if the operation is stopped and the heat transfer plate 40 is cooled, Since a load is applied to the heating plate 40 toward the heating chamber by the reforming catalyst 3c, the heat transfer plate 40 is hard to return to the original shape. The heat transfer plate 40 is easily deformed so as to swell, and the amount of swelling deformation of the heat transfer plate 40 toward the heating chamber increases as the operation proceeds. Incidentally, in FIG. 9, the state in which the heat transfer plate 40 swells and deforms toward the heating chamber when the reformer is installed in the standing posture is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
[0006]
When the heat transfer plate is deformed so as to swell toward the heating chamber, the capacity of the reforming chamber increases, and the state of charging the reforming catalyst in the reforming chamber changes. It becomes difficult to perform the reforming process. For example, when the reformer is provided in a standing position and the raw fuel flows so as to pass through the reforming catalyst in the vertical direction, when the heat transfer plate is deformed so as to expand toward the heating chamber, the reforming catalyst is Since the sinking occurs and the charging height of the reforming catalyst decreases, the distance that the raw fuel passes through the reforming catalyst decreases, and it becomes difficult to perform the reforming process on the raw fuel as desired.
Therefore, the conventional reformer has a problem that durability is short.
[0007]
Incidentally, in order to make it difficult for the heat transfer plate to swell and deform toward the heating chamber, it is conceivable to increase the thickness of the heat transfer plate to increase the strength of the heat transfer plate. However, when the thickness of the heat transfer plate is increased, the material cost is increased and the processing cost such as welding is increased, so that the price of the reformer is increased and the heat capacity of the heat transfer plate is increased. This causes a problem that the startup time is lengthened.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reformer capable of improving durability while reducing the cost and starting time.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[Invention of claim 1]
The reforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a reforming chamber in which a reforming catalyst is loaded is provided on one side of the heat transfer plate to which the peripheral portion is fixed, and on the other side of the heat transfer plate. A heating chamber for heating the reforming chamber through the heat transfer plate through which a heating fluid flows is provided,
The heat transfer plate is characterized in that a heat transfer plate deformation preventing body is provided for preventing the heat transfer plate from being deformed so as to bulge toward the heating chamber by stretching or pulling.
That is, even if the heat transfer plate is heated and deforms so as to bulge toward the heating chamber, the heat transfer plate is prevented from bulging and deforming toward the heating chamber by the tension or pulling by the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body. Is done.
Therefore, by arranging the reformer in a standing position or a bottom position of the heat transfer plate, a load is applied to the heat transfer plate toward the heating chamber by the reforming catalyst. Even when the heat transfer plate is easily swelled and deformed toward the heating chamber, the heat transfer plate can prevent the heat transfer plate from being swelled and deformed toward the heating chamber by stretching or pulling the heat transfer plate. The thickness of the plate can be reduced.
That is, it is possible to prevent the heat transfer plate from bulging toward the heating chamber while reducing the thickness of the heat transfer plate.
Since the thickness of the heat transfer plate can be reduced, the cost of materials and the cost of processing such as welding can be reduced, so that the cost of the reformer can be reduced. Since the heat capacity of the heat transfer plate can be reduced, the start-up time can be reduced.
In addition, since the heat transfer plate can be prevented from swelling and deforming toward the heating chamber, the charged state of the reforming catalyst in the reforming chamber is unlikely to change from the initial state, and the raw fuel can be used as expected. And the durability of the reformer can be improved.
In short, it has become possible to provide a reformer capable of improving the durability while reducing the cost and the startup time.
[0010]
[Invention of claim 2]
In the reforming apparatus according to claim 2, in claim 1, the reforming chamber is configured by fixing a peripheral portion of a dish-shaped reforming chamber forming member to the heat transfer plate,
The heat transfer plate deformation preventing body is provided in the reforming chamber so as to support a portion of the reforming chamber forming member facing the heat transfer plate and prevent deformation of the heat transfer plate by pulling. Is characterized.
In other words, even if the heat transfer plate is heated and tries to deform so as to swell toward the heating chamber side, the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body supporting the portion of the reforming chamber forming member facing the heat transfer plate is pulled. In addition, the swelling deformation of the heat transfer plate toward the heating chamber is prevented.
Then, a heat transfer plate deformation preventing body is provided so as to prevent the heat transfer plate from bulging to the heating chamber side by pulling with the portion facing the heat transfer plate of the reforming chamber forming member as a support. Also, since the reforming chamber is configured by fixing the peripheral portion of the dish-shaped reforming chamber forming member to the heat transfer plate, the heat transfer plate forms one side surface of the reforming chamber. In addition, the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body can be provided with a simple structure, so that the cost for providing the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body can be reduced, and the cost of the reformer can be further reduced. Can be.
Further, since the heat transfer plate deformation preventing member is provided in the reforming chamber, the heat transfer plate deformation preventing member can be provided in a state of being buried in the reforming catalyst. And, by providing the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body in such a state that it is buried in the reforming catalyst, heat can be conducted from the heat transfer plate to the reforming catalyst through the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body. It is possible to reduce the heating temperature distribution of the reforming catalyst, thereby reducing the energy consumption involved in heating the reforming catalyst while enabling appropriate reforming treatment, thereby reducing running costs. The cost can be reduced.
Therefore, the running cost can be reduced while further reducing the cost of the reformer.
[0011]
[Invention of claim 3]
In the reformer according to claim 3, in claim 1, the heating chamber is configured by fixing a peripheral portion of a dish-shaped heating chamber forming member to the heat transfer plate,
The heat transfer plate deformation preventing body is provided in the heating chamber so as to support a portion of the heating chamber forming member facing the heat transfer plate and to prevent deformation of the heat transfer plate with a strut. Features a point.
That is, even if the heat transfer plate is heated and is going to be deformed so as to swell toward the heating chamber side, by the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body supporting the portion of the heating chamber forming member facing the heat transfer plate, The heat transfer plate is prevented from bulging toward the heating chamber.
Further, even if a heat transfer plate deformation preventing body is provided so as to prevent the heat transfer plate from bulging toward the heating chamber by a tension supported by a portion of the heating chamber forming member facing the heat transfer plate. Since the heating chamber is formed by fixing the peripheral portion of the dish-shaped heating chamber forming member to the heat transfer plate, and the heat transfer plate forms one side surface of the heating chamber, the heat transfer plate The deformation preventing body can be provided with a simple structure, so that the cost for providing the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body can be reduced, and the cost can be further reduced.
In addition, by preventing the heat transfer plate from being bulged toward the heating chamber side by the heat transfer plate deformation preventing member, even if the heat transfer plate deformation preventing member is provided, it is possible to prevent the heat transfer plate deformation. The body can be provided so as to receive the swelling deformation of the heat transfer plate to the heating chamber side by abutment without being fixed to the heat transfer plate by welding or the like. The cost for providing the body can be further reduced, and the cost can be further reduced.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a specific configuration preferable for further reducing the cost of the reformer.
[0012]
[Invention of claim 4]
The reforming device according to claim 4 is the reforming device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body is configured in a rod shape,
A heat-resistant cylindrical body is provided so as to cover the rod-shaped heat transfer plate deformation preventing body.
That is, since the heat-resistant tubular body is provided so as to cover the rod-shaped heat transfer plate deformation preventing body, the rod-shaped heat transfer plate deformation preventing body can be prevented from being deteriorated by heat.
In other words, by providing a heat-resistant tubular body so as to cover the rod-shaped heat transfer plate deformation preventing body, as a material of the heat-resistant tubular body, for example, excellent heat resistance Ceramic is used. On the other hand, as a material for the rod-shaped heat transfer plate deformation preventing body, for example, metal and the like have lower heat resistance than ceramic, but the material cost is low, and processing such as welding is easy. Since it is possible to use a material which can easily reduce the processing cost, the cost for providing the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body can be reduced, and the cost of the reformer can be further reduced.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a specific configuration preferable for further reducing the cost of the reformer.
[0013]
[Invention according to claim 5]
In the reformer according to claim 5, in any one of claims 1 to 4, the heat transfer plate is provided in a vertical direction,
The reforming chamber and the heating chamber are configured to be thin and flat in the thickness direction of the heat transfer plate,
It is characterized in that a plurality of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing members are provided in a dispersive manner at positions deviated downward in the vertically oriented heat transfer plate.
That is, since the reforming chamber and the heating chamber are configured to be thin and flat in the thickness direction of the heat transfer plate, the heat transfer area with respect to the unit amount of the reforming catalyst can be increased, Can be efficiently heated and the heating temperature distribution of the reforming catalyst can be reduced. In other words, the energy consumption for heating the reforming catalyst can be reduced while the reforming process can be appropriately performed, and the running cost can be reduced.
Although the load is applied toward the heating chamber by the reforming catalyst in a state where the heat transfer plate becomes larger toward the lower side of the heat transfer plate, the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation prevention members Since the heat transfer plate is provided in a dispersive manner at a position deviated downward in the heat transfer plate, it is possible to appropriately prevent the heat transfer plate from expanding toward the heating chamber. In other words, it is possible to reduce the number of heat transfer plate deformation preventive bodies provided while appropriately preventing the heat transfer plate from bulging toward the heating chamber, and to provide the heat transfer plate deformation preventive body. Cost can be reduced, and the cost of the reformer can be further reduced. Therefore, it has become possible to further reduce the cost of the reformer while enabling the running cost to be reduced.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the reforming apparatus R is provided with a reforming chamber 3 in which a granular reforming catalyst 3c is loaded, on one side of a heat transfer plate 40 having a fixed edge. On the other side of the hot plate 40, a gas burner 4b is provided, and the combustion gas of the gas burner 4b is passed as a heating fluid, and the reforming chamber 4 is heated as a heating chamber through the heat transfer plate 40. In the state where the reforming chamber 3 is provided and the reforming catalyst 3c in the reforming chamber 3 is heated via the heat transfer plate 40 in the combustion chamber 4, steam for the reforming process is mixed into the reforming chamber 3. A raw fuel gas such as natural gas is supplied, and the raw fuel gas is reformed into a gas containing hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas.
[0015]
A round bar-shaped heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is provided as a heat transfer plate deformation preventing member for preventing the heat transfer plate 40 from being deformed so as to expand toward the combustion chamber 4 by tension.
[0016]
In addition, the reforming apparatus R uses a rectangular plate-shaped flat twin-chambered container Bd formed to have two rectangular plate-shaped flat chambers partitioned by the rectangular heat transfer plate 40. One of the two chambers is used as the reforming chamber 3 and the other is used as the combustion chamber 4
The twin-chamber-equipped container Bd has a pair of dish-shaped container forming members 41 arranged on both sides of a rectangular flat heat transfer plate 40, and the peripheral edges thereof are connected by seam welding. It is formed so as to define a chamber.
Further, the reforming apparatus R configured by using the twin chamber-equipped container Bd is provided in a vertical posture in which the heat transfer plate 40 is oriented vertically.
[0017]
That is, the reforming chamber 3 is configured by fixing the peripheral edge of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 as a dish-shaped reforming chamber forming member to the heat transfer plate 40, and the combustion chamber 4 is formed as a dish-shaped heating chamber forming member. The peripheral portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 as a member is fixed to the heat transfer plate 40.
Further, the heat transfer plate 40 is provided vertically, and the reforming chamber 3 and the combustion chamber 4 are configured to be thin and flat in the thickness direction of the heat transfer plate 40.
[0018]
Note that the heat transfer plate 40 is formed using a heat-resistant metal such as stainless steel, and the dish-shaped container forming member 41 is formed in a dish-like shape in which a central portion bulges around a peripheral edge portion as a connection margin. It is formed by pressing a plate material. The reforming catalyst 3c is formed by holding a catalyst such as ruthenium, nickel, and platinum in a porous ceramic material to form granules, and reforming a large number of the granulated reforming catalysts 3c in a gas-permeable state. It is in room 3.
[0019]
A nozzle 44 for supplying a raw fuel gas to be reformed is connected to an upper portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 so as to communicate with the chamber. The discharge nozzles 44 are connected in a state of communicating with the room, and the raw fuel gas is flown so as to pass vertically through the granular reforming catalyst group to perform the reforming process.
[0020]
In the combustion chamber 4, a heat insulating material 46 is applied to the heat transfer plate 40 of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the combustion chamber 4 so as to form a combustion space on the side of the heat transfer plate 40 in the combustion chamber 4. It is provided in a state where it is applied to the opposing portion. The portion of the heat insulating material 46 facing the heat transfer plate 40 is formed in a step shape in which the lower side is lower than the upper side. A long gas burner 4b is arranged at the bottom of the lower combustion chamber formed between the lower side of the heat insulator 46 and the heat transfer plate 40, and the upper side of the heat insulator 46 and the heat transfer plate. A combustion catalyst 4c made of platinum, palladium or the like is provided in the upper combustion chamber portion formed between the upper combustion chamber portion and the lower combustion chamber portion and narrower than the lower combustion chamber portion. The gas burner 4b ejects from the gas ejection holes a gas ejection tube tg having many gas ejection holes along the longitudinal direction and an air ejection tube ta having many air ejection holes along the longitudinal direction. The gas fuel and the combustion air ejected from the air ejection holes are arranged side by side so as to collide with each other.
The fuel supply path 24 is connected to the gas ejection pipe tg of the gas burner 4b, and the combustion air path 29 is connected to the air ejection pipe ta by penetrating and connecting the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the combustion chamber 4. A nozzle 44 for discharging the combustion gas of the gas burner 4b is connected to an upper portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the combustion chamber 4 so as to communicate with the chamber.
Then, the gas fuel supplied through the fuel supply path 24 is burned by the gas burner 4b, the unburned gas fuel is burned by the catalytic action of the combustion catalyst c, and the combustion gas is discharged by the nozzle 44. I have.
[0021]
Next, the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod-shaped body 42 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
In the first embodiment, the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 face the heat transfer plate 40 in the dish-shaped container forming member 41 (corresponding to a dish-shaped heating chamber forming member) forming the combustion chamber 4. The plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are provided in the combustion chamber 4 so that the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by strutting with the supporting portion as a support. Are provided in a dispersive manner at positions deviated downward.
[0022]
Specifically, the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 has a longitudinal end substantially perpendicular to the heat-transfer plate 40, and one end in the longitudinal direction faces the heat-transfer plate 40 of the dish-like container forming member 41. It is fixed to the part by welding.
In the first embodiment, a heat-resistant cylindrical body 43 is further provided so as to cover the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42. The lengths of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 and the cylindrical members 43 are such that the ends on the side of the heat transfer plate 40 abut on the heat transfer plate 40 in a state where they are thermally expanded by the heating of the gas burners 4b. The distance between the portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 facing the heat transfer plate 40 and the heat transfer plate 40 is set to be slightly shorter.
By the way, the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is welded to the dish-shaped container forming member 41 in advance before the dish-shaped container forming member 41 is welded to the heat transfer plate 40, and the heat transfer plate 41 is thus transferred. The dish-shaped container forming member 41 to which the hot plate deformation preventing rod 42 is attached is welded to the heat transfer plate 40.
[0023]
As the dispersed arrangement of the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42, the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation prevention rods 42 are arranged in a horizontal direction such that the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation prevention rods 42 are arranged in a staggered manner. The arrangement is such that the rows of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are vertically arranged in a plurality of rows (three rows in the present embodiment).
The heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is formed using a heat-resistant metal such as stainless steel (for example, SUS301S), and the cylindrical member 43 is made of a material having more excellent heat resistance than the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42. For example, it is formed using ceramic (for example, recrystallized alumina).
[0024]
That is, when the gas burner 4b burns, the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod-like body 42 and the cylindrical body 43 thermally expand, and the ends on the heat transfer plate 40 side come into contact with the heat transfer plate 40. The combustion chamber of the heat transfer plate 40 is supported by the plate-shaped container forming member 41 forming the combustion chamber 4 with the portion facing the heat transfer plate 40 supported by the hot plate deformation preventing rod 42 and the cylindrical body 43. 4 is prevented from bulging and deforming.
[0025]
Next, a hydrogen-containing gas generator using the above-described reformer R will be described.
As shown in FIG. 8, the hydrogen-containing gas generator includes, in addition to the reformer R, a desulfurization unit that desulfurizes a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel gas such as natural gas to be reformed by the reformer R. 1, a steam generation unit S for generating steam for the reforming process in the reforming device R, and carbon monoxide gas in the reforming process gas supplied from the reforming device R to carbon dioxide gas using steam. A conversion unit 5 for performing a shift process by performing a shift process; and a selective oxidizing unit 6 for performing a selective oxidation process by selectively oxidizing a carbon monoxide gas in a shift process gas supplied from the shift unit 5. It is configured to generate a hydrogen-rich fuel gas having a low carbon gas concentration (for example, 10 ppm or less).
[0026]
The steam generating section S is provided with a steam generating heating flow section 11 through which the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber 4 of the reformer R flows, and heating the supplied raw water by the steam generating heating flow section 11. And an evaporating section 2 for evaporating.
[0027]
Further, a high-temperature reforming gas discharged from the reforming chamber 3 is passed through the hydrogen-containing gas generating apparatus, and a heat-retaining flow section 7 for keeping the reforming chamber 3 warm and a desulfurizing section 1 are provided. A desulfurization raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ep for exchanging heat between the desulfurization raw fuel gas and the high-temperature reforming processing gas from the reforming chamber 3 to preheat the desulfurization raw fuel gas supplied to the reforming chamber 3; The raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ea for preheating the raw fuel gas by exchanging heat between the high-temperature reforming processing gas from the reforming chamber 3 and the raw fuel gas supplied to the desulfurization unit 1 and cooling the shift unit 5 A cooling section flow passage 8 through which a cooling fluid flows, a cooling section cooling flow section 9 through which a cooling fluid flows to cool the conversion section 6, and a shift section 5. And a cooling fan 10 for cooling the selective oxidation unit 6.
[0028]
The desulfurization source fuel gas heat exchanger Ep includes an upstream reforming gas passage portion 12 through which the reforming gas discharged from the heat retaining passage portion 7 flows, and a desulfurization source gas supplied to the reforming chamber 3. The desulfurization raw fuel gas flow section 13 through which the fuel gas flows is provided so as to be capable of exchanging heat. The raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ea is provided with a heat exchanger Ea that is discharged from the upstream reforming processing gas flow section 12. And a raw fuel gas flow portion 16 through which the raw fuel gas supplied to the desulfurization unit 1 flows is provided with heat exchange freely. is there.
[0029]
The hydrogen-containing gas generator is provided with a plurality of flat plates B having a rectangular plate shape arranged in the thickness direction of the plate shape, and using each container B, the reformer R, the steam generator S, the desulfurizer 1 , A shift section 5, a selective oxidation section 6, and respective flow sections.
A part of the plurality of containers B is constituted by a single-chamber-equipped container Bm formed so as to have one chamber, and the rest is a double-chamber-equipped container similar to that constituting the above-described reforming apparatus R. Bd.
A fluid supply or fluid discharge nozzle 44 is attached to each of the twin chamber-equipped containers Bd and the single chamber-equipped container Bm, as necessary, so as to communicate with the internal chamber.
[0030]
In the present embodiment, nine double-chambered containers Bd and one single-chambered container Bm are laterally arranged in a state where the single-chambered container Bm is positioned third from the left end in a side view. It is provided compactly in the thickness direction. When arranging nine double-chambered containers Bd and one single-chambered container Bm, it is necessary to adjust the amount of heat transfer in a state in which those which need to be heat-transferred are in close contact with each other. They are arranged in a state where a heat insulating material 19 for adjusting the amount of heat transfer is interposed between the objects.
In order to make the distinction between the nine twin-chamber-equipped containers Bd clear, the symbols 1, 2, 3,... Attach.
[0031]
The portion having the left chamber of the double-chambered container Bd1 on the left end is used to constitute the heating flow section 11 for generating steam, and the portion having the right chamber is used to constitute the evaporation section 2. . That is, the steam generating section S is constituted by the double-chambered container Bd1 at the left end. The reformer R is configured as described above by using the second double-chambered container Bd2 from the left.
Using the single-chamber-provided container Bm, the heat-passing passage 7 is formed.
The upstream side reforming gas flow section 12 is constituted by using the portion provided with the left side chamber of the third double-chamber container Bd3 from the left, and the desulfurization source is formed using the portion provided with the right side chamber. The fuel gas flow section 13 is configured. In other words, the desulfurization raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ep is configured by using the third double-chambered container Bd3 from the left.
[0032]
The desulfurization unit 1 is configured by using the fourth double-chambered container Bd4 from the left, and the desulfurization unit 1 is configured by using the left chamber of the fifth double-compartmented container Bd5 from the left. The raw fuel gas passage 16 is formed by using the portion provided with the right chamber.
The downstream reforming gas flow section 15 is configured using the left chamber of the sixth double chamber-equipped container Bd6 from the left, and the metamorphic section is configured using the section including the right chamber. 5 is constituted. That is, the raw fuel gas is formed by using the portion including the right chamber of the fifth double-chamber container Bd5 from the left and the portion including the left chamber of the sixth double-chamber container Bd6 from the left. The heat exchanger Ea is configured.
The metamorphic unit 5 is configured by using the left chamber of the seventh double chamber-equipped container Bd7 from the left, and the metamorphic section cooling passage 8 is configured by using the right chamber. I have.
The metamorphic unit 5 is configured using the eighth double-chambered container Bd8 from the left, and the metamorphic unit using the left side chamber of the ninth (right end) double-compartmented container Bd9 from the left. A cooling flow section 9 is formed, and a selective oxidizing section 6 is formed by using a portion having a chamber on the right side.
[0033]
In the chamber of the twin chamber-equipped container Bd constituting the desulfurization unit 1, a large number of porous ceramic granules holding a desulfurization catalyst are charged in an air-permeable state, and the twin chamber-equipped container constituting the shift unit 5 is provided. In the chamber of Bd, a large number of ceramic porous granules holding a catalyst for a conversion reaction of iron oxide or copper zinc are charged in a gas-permeable state, and a twin chamber-equipped container Bd constituting a selective oxidation section 6 A large number of porous ceramic particles holding a catalyst for selective oxidation of ruthenium are charged into the chamber in such a manner as to allow ventilation.
[0034]
That is, the single chamber-equipped container Bm, the heat insulating material 19, the desulfurization source and the single chamber-equipped container B constituting the heat-insulating passage 7 are provided on one side of the twin-chamber-equipped container Bd2 constituting the reforming apparatus R from the side of the twin-chamber-equipped container Bd2. Twin chamber-equipped container Bd3 constituting the fuel gas heat exchanger Ep, a heat insulating material 19, a twin chamber-equipped vessel Bd4 constituting the desulfurization section 1, a double chamber-equipped vessel constituting the desulfurization section 1 and the raw fuel gas flow section 16 Bd5, a twin chamber-equipped container Bd6 constituting the downstream reforming gas flow section 15 and the shift section 5, a twin chamber-equipped vessel Bd7 forming the shift section 5 and the shift section cooling passage 8, and the shift section 5. The twin chamber-equipped container Bd8, the flow passage 9 for cooling the metamorphic section, and the twin chamber-equipped vessel Bd9 constituting the selective oxidizing section 6 are closely arranged to be arranged in the stated order, and the other side of the twin chamber-equipped vessel Bd2 From the side of the double chamber-equipped container Bd2, a heat insulating material 19, Is provided closely arranged side by side in the order described bi chamber comprises a container Bd1 constituting the steam generator S.
[0035]
In FIG. 8, the raw fuel gas supply path 21 is connected to the raw fuel gas flow section 16 of the raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ea, and Desulfurization unit 1, desulfurization raw fuel gas flow exchanger 13 of desulfurization raw fuel gas heat exchanger 13, reforming chamber 3, heat retaining flow passage 7, upstream reforming process of desulfurization raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ep The gas flow section 12, the downstream reforming gas flow section 15 of the raw fuel gas heat exchanger Ea, the shift section 5, and the selective oxidation section 6 form a gas processing path so as to form a gas processing path that flows in this order. Connection 22.
[0036]
The selective oxidizing unit 6 and the fuel cell G are connected through a fuel gas passage 23 so that the selective oxidizing gas discharged from the selective oxidizing unit 6 is supplied to the fuel cell G as a fuel gas. The fuel cell G and the gas ejection pipe tg of the gas burner 4b are connected via a fuel supply path 24 in order to supply the discharged exhaust gas as gas fuel to the gas burner 4b of the reformer R.
[0037]
In FIG. 8, as shown by the solid arrow, a raw water supply passage 25 to which raw water for generating steam is sent from the raw water pump 14 is connected to the evaporating section 2 of the steam generating section S. The steam path 26 for sending out the generated steam is connected to the gas processing channel 22 that connects the desulfurization unit 1 and the reformed gas flow unit 13, and flows through the gas processing channel 22. The steam for reforming is mixed with the desulfurization raw fuel gas.
[0038]
In FIG. 8, as indicated by the dashed arrows, the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chambers 4 flows in the order of the heating flow section 11 for steam generation and the flow section 8 for cooling the metamorphic section. The heating passage 11 for steam generation and the passage 8 for cooling the metamorphic section are connected by a combustion gas passage 27. In the heating passage 11 for steam generation, the evaporating section 2 is heated by the combustion gas. The metamorphic section cooling passage 8 is configured to cool the metamorphic section 5 where the metamorphic reaction, which is an exothermic reaction, is performed by the combustion gas.
[0039]
8, the blower 28 and the air ejection pipe ta of the gas burner 4b are connected to the combustion air passage 29 so that the air from the blower 28 is supplied to the gas burner 4b as combustion air, as indicated by a dashed line arrow. Connected. Although not shown, there is also provided a cooling section cooling air passage for supplying air from the blower 28 through the cooling section cooling flow section 9 and then supplying the gas to the gas burner 4b. When the temperature is insufficient, for example, when the temperature is high in the summer, it is possible to switch to supply the combustion air to the gas burner 4b through the cooling air passage of the shift portion.
[0040]
In the gas treatment flow path 22 connecting the last stage shift section 5 and the selective oxidation section 6, a feed water preheating heat exchanger for preheating feed water flowing through the feed water supply path 25 with the shift processing gas. 17 and a drain trap 30 for removing condensed water from the shift gas is provided downstream of the raw water preheating heat exchanger 17 to exchange heat between the shift gas and the raw water. In addition, the raw water is preheated and the shift gas is cooled.
Further, the combustion gas discharged from the cooling portion cooling passage 8 through the combustion gas passage 27, the combustion air supplied to the combustion chamber 4 through the combustion air passage 29, and the off-gas supplied to the gas burner 4 b through the fuel supply passage 24. And a heat exchanger 31 for exhaust heat recovery for preheating the combustion air and off-gas by exchanging heat with the heat exchanger 31.
[0041]
Hereinafter, the second to fifth embodiments of the present invention will be described. In each embodiment, a structure in which the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42, a heat transfer plate deformation prevention The configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the arrangement of the rods 42 or the configuration related to the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 such as the support structure is different. Elements and components having the same action are denoted by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant description, and the description thereof will be omitted. Mainly, the configuration related to the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 will be described.
Further, the reformer R according to each of the second to fifth embodiments can be used for the hydrogen-containing gas generator shown in FIG. 8 similarly to the reformer R according to the first embodiment. Description of the hydrogen-containing gas generator using the reformer R according to each of the fifth embodiments will be omitted.
[0042]
[Second embodiment]
Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the second embodiment, the structure in which the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 and the arrangement of the heat transfer plate deformation prevention rods 42 are the same as those in the first embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that the support structure of the hot plate deformation preventing rod 42 is different from that of the first embodiment, and that the heat-resistant tubular body 43 is not provided.
[0043]
As a structure for preventing the heat transfer plate 40 from being deformed by the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42, the heat transfer plate 40 faces the heat transfer plate 40 in the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the combustion chamber 4, similarly to the first embodiment. The structure is such that the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by strutting by supporting the portion. That is, the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 support the portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the combustion chamber 4 facing the heat transfer plate 40, and deform the heat transfer plate 40 by stretching. It is provided in the combustion chamber 4 for prevention.
As in the first embodiment, the arrangement of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is such that the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are shifted to the lower side of the vertically oriented heat transfer plate 40, as in the first embodiment. It is provided in a dispersed manner. The distributed arrangement of the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is the same as in the first embodiment.
[0044]
The supporting structure of the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod-shaped body 42 will be further described. The heat-transfer plate deformation-preventing rod-shaped body 42 has one end in the longitudinal direction in which the longitudinal direction thereof is substantially orthogonal to the heat transfer plate 40. The other end is fixedly welded to the plate 40, and the other end is fixed to a portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the combustion chamber 4 facing the heat transfer plate 40 by welding. Incidentally, the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is previously welded and attached to the dish-shaped container forming member 41, and the dish-shaped container forming member 41 to which the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is attached is heat-transferred. When welding to the plate 40, the end of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is pressed against the heat transfer plate 40 and welded.
[0045]
[Third embodiment]
Hereinafter, the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the third embodiment, the arrangement of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 prevent the heat transfer plate 40 from being deformed. The difference from the first embodiment is that the support structure of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is different from that of the first embodiment, and that the heat-resistant tubular body 43 is not provided.
[0046]
That is, as in the first embodiment, the arrangement of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is such that the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are shifted downward in the vertical heat transfer plate 40. Are provided in a dispersed manner. The distributed arrangement of the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is the same as in the first embodiment.
[0047]
As a structure in which the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod-shaped body 42, the portion facing the heat transfer plate 40 in the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 is supported and pulled. The structure prevents deformation of the heat transfer plate 40. In other words, the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are used to support the portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 that faces the heat transfer plate 40, and pull the deformation of the heat transfer plate 40 by pulling. It is provided in the reforming chamber 3 to prevent it.
[0048]
The supporting structure of the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod-shaped body 42 will be further described. The heat-transfer plate deformation-preventing rod-shaped body 42 has one end in the longitudinal direction in which the longitudinal direction thereof is substantially orthogonal to the heat transfer plate 40. The other end is fixedly welded to the plate 40, and the other end is fixed to the portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 which faces the heat transfer plate 40 by welding. Incidentally, the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is previously welded and attached to the dish-shaped container forming member 41, and the dish-shaped container forming member 41 to which the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is attached is heat-transferred. When welding to the plate 40, the end of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is pressed against the heat transfer plate 40 and welded.
[0049]
In other words, in the reforming apparatus R of the third embodiment, the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 support the portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 that faces the heat transfer plate 40 and pulls the support. Thus, the swelling deformation of the heat transfer plate 40 toward the combustion chamber 4 is prevented.
Further, since the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is buried in the reforming catalyst 3c, heat is conducted from the heat transfer plate 40 to the reforming catalyst 3c through the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42. Therefore, the heating temperature distribution of the reforming catalyst 3c can be reduced.
[0050]
[Fourth embodiment]
Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the fourth embodiment, the arrangement of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but a structure in which the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by the heat transfer plate deformation prevention rods 42, and The difference from the first embodiment is that the support structure of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is different from that of the first embodiment, and that the heat-resistant tubular body 43 is not provided.
[0051]
That is, as in the first embodiment, the arrangement of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is such that the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are shifted downward in the vertical heat transfer plate 40. Are provided in a dispersed manner. The distributed arrangement of the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is the same as in the first embodiment.
[0052]
As a structure in which the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod-shaped body 42, the portion facing the heat transfer plate 40 in the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 is supported and pulled. The structure prevents deformation of the heat transfer plate 40. In other words, the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are used to support the portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 that faces the heat transfer plate 40, and pull the deformation of the heat transfer plate 40 by pulling. It is provided in the reforming chamber 3 to prevent it.
[0053]
The supporting structure of the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod-shaped body 42 will be further described. The heat-transfer plate deformation-preventing rod-shaped body 42 has a flange portion projecting outward in the circumferential direction at an end of the heat transfer plate 40 in the longitudinal direction. 42f, and a flange 40f at one end in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the heat transfer plate 40 by welding, with the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 in a position in which the longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the heat transfer plate 40. The other end is fixed to the portion facing the heat transfer plate 40 of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 by welding while being locked to the stop member 45. The flange 42f of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 and the locking member 45 are locked so as to prevent the heat transfer plate 40 from bulging and deforming toward the combustion chamber 4 by contact with each other. It is.
Incidentally, the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is welded to the dish-shaped container forming member 41 in advance, and the dish-shaped container forming member 41 to which the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is attached is transferred in advance. The dish-shaped container forming member 41 is welded to the heat transfer plate 40 by arranging the flange portion 42f of the hot plate deformation preventing rod 42 so as to be locked by the locking member 45.
[0054]
[Fifth Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the fifth embodiment, the arrangement of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but a structure in which the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by the heat transfer plate deformation prevention rods 42, and The first embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a part of the support structure of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 is different from that of the first embodiment, and that a heat-resistant tubular body 43 is not provided.
[0055]
That is, as in the first embodiment, the arrangement of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is such that the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are shifted downward in the vertical heat transfer plate 40. Are provided in a dispersed manner. The distributed arrangement of the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 is the same as in the first embodiment.
[0056]
As a structure for preventing the deformation of the heat transfer plate 40 by the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod-shaped member 42, a structure in which the portion opposed to the heat transfer plate 40 in the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 is supported by tension. The structure is such that the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by both the support supporting the portion facing the heat transfer plate 40 in the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the combustion chamber 4. In other words, the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are used to support the portion of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the reforming chamber 3 that faces the heat transfer plate 40, and pull the deformation of the heat transfer plate 40 by pulling. A plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 are provided in the reforming chamber 3 so as to prevent the portion facing the heat transfer plate 40 of the dish-shaped container forming member 41 forming the combustion chamber 4. The heat transfer plate 40 is provided in the combustion chamber 4 so as to prevent the heat transfer plate 40 from being deformed by tension.
[0057]
The support structure of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing rods 42 provided in the combustion chamber 4 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the heat transfer plate deformation prevention rods 42 provided in the reforming chamber 3 is supported in the fourth embodiment. Since this is the same as the embodiment, the description is omitted.
[0058]
[Another embodiment]
Next, another embodiment will be described.
The specific configuration of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body 42 is not limited to the round bar-shaped heat transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42 illustrated in each of the above embodiments. For example, it can be constituted by a rod-like body having a square rod shape or an elliptical rod shape, or a corrugated plate-like body. Further, the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body 42 is supported by a portion of the reforming chamber forming member 41 facing the heat transfer plate 40, and the heat transfer plate 40 is prevented from being deformed by pulling. In this case, the heat transfer plate deformation preventing body 42 can be formed of a cord-like body such as a chain.
[0059]
In the first embodiment, the tubular body 43 can be omitted. In each of the second to fifth embodiments, the heat-resistant cylindrical body 43 may be provided so as to cover the heat-transfer plate deformation preventing rod 42.
[0060]
In each of the above embodiments, the case where the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing members 42 are provided in a dispersive manner at positions deviated to the lower side of the vertically oriented heat transfer plate 40 has been described. The deformation preventing members 42 may be provided in a distributed manner over the entire surface of the vertically oriented heat transfer plate 40. In particular, when the plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing members 42 are provided in a distributed manner over the entire surface of the vertical heat transfer plate 40 in the reforming chamber 3, the heating temperature distribution of the reforming catalyst 3c can be further reduced. Is preferred.
[0061]
When a plurality of heat transfer plate deformation preventing members 42 are provided, the number thereof can be appropriately changed according to the size of the heat transfer plate 40 and the like. Further, one heat transfer plate deformation preventing member 42 may be provided.
[0062]
In each of the above embodiments, the gas burner 4b is provided inside the combustion chamber 4 serving as the heating chamber 4, and the combustion gas of the gas burner 4b is made to flow as a heating fluid. The combustion gas or the combustion exhaust gas from various combustion type motors may be supplied as a heating fluid from outside the heating chamber 4 to the heating chamber.
[0063]
The specific configuration for forming the reforming chamber 3 and the heating chamber 4 is not limited to the configuration illustrated in each of the above-described embodiments. For example, one opening edge of the cylindrical body is connected to the heat transfer plate 40. It may be configured to be fixed by welding or the like, and a plate-shaped lid may be fixed to the other opening edge by welding or the like.
[0064]
When the shape of the reforming chamber 3 and the heating chamber 4 is configured to be thin and flat in the thickness direction of the heat transfer plate 40, the shape is not limited to a rectangular plate as exemplified in the above embodiments. For example, a disk shape may be used. Further, the reforming chamber 3 and the heating chamber 4 are not limited to the case where they are configured to be thin and flat in the thickness direction of the heat transfer plate 40, and may be configured to have, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a cubic shape.
[0065]
In each of the above embodiments, the case where the reforming device R is provided in the standing posture in which the heat transfer plate 40 is vertically oriented has been described, but the heat transfer plate 40 serves as the bottom of the reforming chamber 3. It may be provided in the bottom posture.
[0066]
The specific configuration of the gas burner 4b is not limited to the configuration exemplified in the above embodiment, and various configurations are possible. For example, a premixed gas of gas fuel and combustion air is ejected and burned. A configuration may be used.
[0067]
The reformer R according to the present invention is not limited to the case where the reformer R is used by being incorporated in the hydrogen-containing gas generator as in each of the above embodiments, and can be used alone.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a reformer according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the reformer according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the reformer according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a reformer according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a reformer according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a reformer according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a reformer according to a fifth embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a vertical side view of a hydrogen-containing gas generator using the reformer according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a conventional reformer.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Reforming chamber
3c Reforming catalyst
4 heating room
40 heat transfer plate
41 Reforming chamber forming member, heating chamber forming member
42 Heat transfer plate deformation prevention body
43 cylindrical body

Claims (5)

A reforming chamber in which a reforming catalyst is inserted is provided on one side of the heat transfer plate having a fixed peripheral portion, and a heating fluid flows through the other side of the heat transfer plate to form the reforming chamber. A reforming apparatus provided with a heating chamber for heating the chamber via the heat transfer plate,
A reformer provided with a heat transfer plate deformation preventing member for preventing the heat transfer plate from being deformed so as to expand toward the heating chamber by tension or pulling. The reforming chamber is configured by fixing a peripheral portion of a dish-shaped reforming chamber forming member to the heat transfer plate,
The heat transfer plate deformation preventing body is provided in the reforming chamber so as to support a portion of the reforming chamber forming member facing the heat transfer plate and prevent deformation of the heat transfer plate by pulling. The reformer according to claim 1, wherein The heating chamber is configured by fixing a peripheral portion of a dish-shaped heating chamber forming member to the heat transfer plate,
The heat transfer plate deformation preventing body is provided in the heating chamber so as to support a portion of the heating chamber forming member facing the heat transfer plate and to prevent deformation of the heat transfer plate with a strut. The reforming device according to claim 1. The heat transfer plate deformation preventing body is configured in a rod shape,
The reformer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a cylindrical body having heat resistance is provided so as to cover the rod-shaped heat transfer plate deformation preventing body. The heat transfer plate is provided vertically,
The reforming chamber and the heating chamber are configured to be thin and flat in the thickness direction of the heat transfer plate,
The reformer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of the heat transfer plate deformation preventing members are dispersedly provided at positions deviated downward in the vertically oriented heat transfer plate. .

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