JP2004027545A - Joint covering material used for constructing architectural backing material, construction structure of architectural backing material using the joint covering material and external facing construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the occurrence of a crack by reinforcing a painting material for a plasterer for coating a joint part upper surface by butting mutual architectural backing materials. <P>SOLUTION: The architectural backing material 1 for forming a mixture layer on a base material surface is fixed on a backing structural material 3 in a butting state. A butting joint part of the architectural backing material is covered with a joint covering material 6 for fixing a reinforced fiber 6c to a sheet-like base material 6a. An upper surface of these architectural backing material and joint covering material is coated with mortar 8. The reinforced fiber is mixed in the mortar by being torn off from the middle or stripped off from a root by trowel pressure and moisture in the mortar at mortar construction work, and prevents the occurrence of the crack by reinforcing the mortar. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a joint covering material used for construction of a building base material, a construction structure of the construction base material using the joint covering material, and an exterior construction method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 7, a building base material a having a mixture layer mainly composed of an inorganic binder, asphalt or the like formed on the surface of a wooden base material or the like is used. It is placed and fixed on the base structural material b directly or via the ventilation receiving material c, and the joint joint between the architectural base materials is filled with the caulking material d, and the joint joint is filled with the net-shaped joint covering material e. After coating, the architectural base material a and the joint covering material e are fixed to the base structural material b with a fixing tool f such as staples, and then plastering coating material g such as mortar, plaster, spray coating, etc. is directly applied thereon. It is known that the exterior finish is performed by applying a paint.
[0003]
Examples of the joint covering material e include inorganic or organic fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, and polypropylene fiber, metal fibers such as iron, steel, copper, and aluminum; And so on. Although the joint covering material e is generally separate from the architectural base material a, it is also possible to use a joint covering material e integrally provided so as to protrude from a piece of a clue of the architectural base material a. It is good (actual opening 63-101632).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
According to the above-mentioned prior art, the net-like joint covering material e covering the joint between the base materials for construction a, a is also coated on the building base material a by expansion and contraction caused by moisture absorption and drying. Although the effect of preventing the generation of cracks in the applied plasterer coating material g was recognized to some extent, the generation of cracks could not be completely prevented.
[0005]
Further, the plastering coating material g was sometimes peeled off after the construction due to poor construction due to the application of the plastering coating material g not being closely adhered to the joint covering material e.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and to prevent cracks by reinforcing a plastering coating material applied on a joint joint between base materials for building. I do.
[0007]
In order to achieve this object, the present invention according to claim 1, according to the present invention, when the architectural base material having the mixture layer formed on the surface of the base material is abutted and fixed on the base structure material, A joint covering material used to cover a joint portion, wherein a reinforcing fiber is fixed to a sheet-like base material.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a building base material having a mixture layer formed on a base material surface is fixed on the base structure material in an abutting state, and the butt joint of the building base material is a sheet-like base material. This is a construction structure of an architectural base material which is covered with a joint covering material in which reinforcing fibers are fixed to a material, and in which the plastering coating material can be directly applied on the architectural base material and the joint covering material.
[0009]
The present invention according to claim 3 is to fix the building base material having the mixture layer formed on the surface of the base material in a butt state on the base structure material, and fill the joint joint part of the building base material with the caulking material, A sheet material is fixed on the architectural base material so as to cover the joint joint filled with the caulking material, and reinforcing fibers are fixed on the surface of the sheet material to complete the base for the plastering coating material. An exterior construction method characterized by applying a plastering coating material on the ground.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 and 2 show a construction structure of a building base material according to an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes an architectural base material on which a plastering coating material 8 (hereinafter, referred to as “mortar”) such as mortar, plaster, spraying paint or the like can be directly applied. It does not matter, but as an example, a synthetic resin emulsion, asphalt, asphalt emulsion, rubber latex, etc. is applied to the surface of a wood-based material such as plywood or fiberboard, or an inorganic material such as asbestos slate or calcium silicate. After forming a waterproof layer, an inorganic binder such as cement or lime, an aggregate such as sand, silica sand, charcoal, hillstone, perlite, synthetic resin particles, synthetic resin foam particles, synthetic resin emulsion, rubber latex A mixture having a structure in which a mixture with an asphalt emulsion is applied to form a mixture layer, or a structure in which a lightweight mortar layer is further formed on the mixture layer. That.
[0011]
The surface side of the butt joint of the building base material 1 may be chamfered, and the waterproof layer and / or the mixture layer may be formed on the entire surface area including the chamfered portion 2 (FIG. 2).
[0012]
The architectural base materials 1, 1,... Are placed on the base structural members 3 such as pillars, studs, and rims in abutting state and fixed by fixing tools (not shown) such as nails and screws. Alternatively, a ventilation receiving material 4 may be interposed between them to secure a ventilation layer.
[0013]
The caulking material 5 is filled in the gap between the chamfered portions 2 and 2 at the butt joints of the fixed building base materials 1 and 1. At this time, care is taken so that the surface of the caulking material 5 is substantially flush with the surface of the architectural base materials 1 and 1.
[0014]
A joint covering material 6 is arranged so as to completely cover the joint joint of the base materials 1 and 1 including the surface of the caulking material 5, and is fixed on the base materials 1 and 1 by a fixing tool 7 such as a nail or a staple. Fixed.
[0015]
Thus, the foundation structure for building is completed, and mortar 8 is directly applied thereon to finish the exterior.
[0016]
Referring to FIG. 3, joint covering material 6 is obtained by fixing reinforcing fibers 6c to the surface of sheet-like base material 6a via surface adhesive layer 6b. 6d are provided.
[0017]
The mortar 8 has a strong alkalinity, and when the sheet-like base material 6a is affected by alkali and becomes brittle, the portion where the joint covering material 6 was present becomes a void, the adhesiveness with the mortar 8 is reduced, and the mortar 8 peels off. Since a crack is generated, in order to prevent such a problem, the sheet-like substrate 6a is preferably formed of a material having alkali resistance. Further, it is preferable that the mortar 8 has the strength and flexibility necessary to follow the behavior of the mortar 8 accompanying the expansion and contraction of the building base material 1 and to prevent the occurrence of cracks.
[0018]
One suitable material as the sheet-like base material 6a satisfying these required performances is polyamide-based fiber, acrylic-based fiber, polyethylene-based fiber, polypropylene-based fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, cotton fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber, and carbon fiber. Organic or inorganic fibers, and a net obtained by weaving single or plural kinds of fibers arbitrarily selected from these can be used as the sheet-like base material 6a. Particularly, an acrylic fiber net / alkali-resistant glass fiber A net made of cotton, a net made of cotton fiber, and a net made of polyvinyl alcohol fiber are preferably used.
[0019]
When the sheet-like base material 6a configured as a net is used (FIG. 4), the adhesion of the mortar 8 becomes good due to the anchoring effect on the opening (mesh) 9, and the exfoliation and cracks are effectively suppressed. I have. The adhesiveness of the mortar 8 depends on the particle size of the fine aggregate (sand) and the lightweight aggregate contained in the mortar, but is generally used by setting the opening width of each mesh of the net to 1.0 to 7.0 mm. Good mortar adhesion can be given according to the particle size range of the aggregate used for the mortar. If the opening width of the net is less than 3.0 mm, the adhesiveness of the mortar to the net itself is reduced. However, in the present invention, the reinforcing fibers 6c described later are entangled with the mortar to improve the adhesiveness. Is about 1.0 mm, the adhesion of the mortar is good. When the opening width of the net is 3.0 mm or more, the mortar adherence to the net itself is good. Therefore, as described later, the amount of reinforcing fibers 6c ″ (FIG. 2) separated from the net is increased, and It is preferable to reduce the amount of the reinforcing fibers 6c 'remaining after being fixed so as not to block the opening of the net.
[0020]
The thickness of the sheet-like base material 6a as a net is 0.09 to 1.1 mm, and the thickness of the sheet-like base material 6a used for the joint covering material 6 for mortar finishing is preferably about 0.4 mm. In order to increase the strength, a thin net having a thickness of about 0.2 mm is used in order to also be used for the interior coating wall and the coating. This is practically advantageous because it can be used for three purposes.
[0021]
Further, although rayon-based fibers and hemp fibers have low alkali resistance, they can compensate for a decrease in strength due to the fiber deterioration due to alkali due to the fixation of the reinforcing fibers 6c described below, and can prevent the occurrence of cracks in mortar. A net as a material can also be suitably used as the sheet-shaped base material 6a.
[0022]
Further, the same materials as above, that is, organic or inorganic fibers such as polyamide-based fibers, acrylic-based fibers, polyethylene-based fibers, polypropylene-based fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, cotton fibers, alkali-resistant glass fibers, and carbon fibers may be used alone or optionally. A nonwoven fabric manufactured by mixing and using can also be used as the sheet-shaped base material 6a. Since the nonwoven fabric is configured in a planar shape, the mortar itself is not easily adhered to itself. However, since the adhesion of the mortar can be enhanced by fixing the reinforcing fibers 6c described below, the nonwoven fabric is useful as the sheet-shaped base material 6a. .
[0023]
In addition, a sheet-like material made of paper or a synthetic resin such as polyamide-based, acrylic-based, polyethylene-based, polypropylene-based, polyvinyl alcohol, and rayon can be used as the sheet-shaped base material 6a.
[0024]
The reinforcing fiber 6c provided on the surface of the joint covering material 6 is also referred to as "susa". In addition to the above-described fiber suitably used as the net 6a, a fiber made of straw or paper, iron, steel, Metal fibers such as copper and aluminum can be used alone or in an arbitrary mixture. In particular, alkali-resistant glass fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and acrylic fibers are preferable from the viewpoint of alkali resistance and reinforcing performance.
[0025]
Generally, the length of the reinforcing fiber 6c is about 5 to 40 mm, and the diameter is about 0.25 to 1.6 mm. Short reinforcing fibers improve the mortar's workability, while long reinforcing fibers improve the strength of the mortar, and thin reinforcing fibers increase the adhesion of the mortar 8, while thick reinforcing fibers improve the mortar's strength. In order to simultaneously satisfy different required performances, reinforcing fibers having different lengths and thicknesses may be mixed and used within the above range.
[0026]
Only one end or only a part of the reinforcing fiber 6c is fixed to the surface of the sheet-like substrate 6a, preferably over the entire surface, via a surface adhesive layer 6b made of an adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a double-sided tape, or the like. Have been. Alternatively, one end or only a part of the reinforcing fiber 6c made of thermoplastic synthetic fiber may be heat-sealed to the surface of the sheet-like base material 6a. It is preferable to use an adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a double-sided tape, or the like constituting the surface adhesive layer 6b, which has excellent adhesion and adhesion to the mortar 8, such as acrylic, epoxy, and synthetic rubber latex. Are preferably used. When the sheet-like substrate 6a is formed of a net, it is preferable that the reinforcing fibers 6c be oriented in a random direction so as to straddle the mesh 9 of the net (FIG. 4).
[0027]
When the sheet-like substrate 6a is a net and an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive is used as the surface adhesive layer 6b, the net of the net is not substantially closed by the adhesive or the pressure-sensitive adhesive. It is necessary to apply it to the sheet-like substrate 6a with due consideration. For example, the viscosity of the adhesive / adhesive is reduced, and the adhesive is applied so as to penetrate only the yarns constituting the net, so that the mesh portion between the yarns is left as a mesh. If the mesh of the net is closed by an adhesive or the like, when the joint mortar is applied, the mortar 8 applied on the joint covering material 6 cannot enter the net mesh, and the mortar 8 adheres. The property is reduced, and it is easy to peel off.
[0028]
For the same reason, when a double-sided tape is used as the surface adhesive layer 6b, if the surface of the net is covered with the double-sided tape, the adhesive strength of the mortar is reduced. It is preferable that the tapes are scattered on the net so that the net mesh 9 is left as much as possible.
[0029]
The reinforcing fiber 6c is fixed to the surface side of the sheet-like base material 6a at the base end thereof, but floats on the surface of the joint covering material 6 due to the iron pressure at the time of mortar construction or the moisture in the mortar. The leading end is partially torn off from the sheet-like base material 6a, or is peeled off together with the fixing base end of the reinforcing fiber 6c and is mixed into the mortar 8. In FIG. 2, the base end portion of the reinforcing fiber fixed to the surface of the sheet-like base material 6a is denoted by reference numeral 6c ′, and the reinforcing fiber that has been peeled off (or torn) and mixed in the mortar 8 is denoted by reference numeral 6c ″. It is shown.
[0030]
The use of a mixture of reinforcing fibers 6c having a relatively low strength makes it possible for the low-strength reinforcing fibers to be easily torn off from the middle, and that the reinforcing fibers 6c are adhered to the sheet-like base material 6a. By using an adhesive having a relatively low adhesive strength as the layer 6b, the entire reinforcing fiber 6c is easily peeled off from the sheet-like substrate 6a.
[0031]
By mixing at least a portion 6c ″ of the reinforcing fibers into the mortar 8, the mortar at the joint portion is reinforced, and cracks due to mortar shrinkage immediately after construction are effectively prevented. In addition, the reinforcing fiber base end portions 6c ′ left on the surface of the sheet-like base material 6a exhibit an effect of improving the adhesion between the joint covering material 6 and the mortar 8.
[0032]
According to the configuration of the joint covering material 6 shown in FIG. 3, the back surface adhesive layer 6d is provided on the back surface side of the sheet-like base material 6a. The back surface adhesive 6d is formed of an adhesive, and is prepared in a state where one surface is adhered to the back surface side of the sheet-like base material 6a and the other surface is adhered to a release paper (not shown). When the coating material 6 is used, the release paper is peeled off to expose the adhesive surface, and is adhered to the building base material 1.
[0033]
In the joint covering material 6 shown in FIG. 3, the reinforcing fibers 6c are fixed to the surface of the sheet-like base material 6a via the surface adhesive layer 6b. If at least the front end protrudes from the front surface side, the above-described function and effect can be exhibited, and any method of fixing to the sheet-like substrate 6a can be used as long as such a function and effect can be exhibited. For example, when a net is used as the sheet-shaped base material 6a, a configuration may be adopted in which reinforcing fibers are fixed to the back surface side, and the reinforcing fibers are drawn out from the mesh of the net to the front surface side and projected. . Alternatively, the reinforcing fibers fixed to the back surface of the net and drawn out to the front surface side and the reinforcing fibers 6c fixed to the net surface and protruding to the front surface side as it is may be used in combination.
[0034]
In the embodiment described above, the reinforcing fibers 6c are fixed to the surface side of the sheet-like base material 6a of the joint covering material 6 in advance, but a joint covering material having a configuration in which the reinforcing fibers 6c are not provided is prepared. This joint covering material is disposed so as to completely cover the joint joint of the building base materials 1 and 1 including the surface of the caulking material 5 in the same manner as in the above embodiment, and After fixing with a fixing tool 7 such as a nail or a staple, a reinforcing fiber 6c may be fixed on the surface of the sheet-like base material 6a of the joint covering material on site. In this case, an adhesive is applied on the surface of the sheet-like base material 6a to form a surface adhesive layer 6b, and the reinforcing fiber 6c is fixed thereon, or the surface of the sheet-like base material 6a is An adhesive is applied to form a surface adhesive layer 6b, a release paper is adhered thereon, and the joint covering material 6 is fixed on the building base materials 1, 1 at the site, The release paper on the layer 6b is peeled off, and the reinforcing fibers 6c are fixed to the exposed adhesive surface.
[0035]
In this way, the joint covering material 6 (FIG. 3) having the reinforcing fiber 6c is fixed on the building base material 1, 1 or the joint covering material having the structure without the reinforcing fiber 6c is used as the building base material. By fixing reinforcing fibers on the surface of the joint covering material after fixing on the materials 1 and 1, the foundation for the mortar 8 is completed.
[0036]
The mortar 8 is applied on this base. At this time, it is preferable to make the reinforcing fibers 6c have a predetermined or higher water content by applying or spraying water. Thereby, the familiarity with the coating mortar 8 is improved, and the adhesion of the mortar can be improved. In particular, when cotton or hemp having excellent water absorbency is used as the reinforcing fiber 6c, when used in a dry state, it absorbs moisture in the mortar 8 to deteriorate workability, or crystal water when the mortar hardens. In some cases, poor curing (dry-out) may be caused without obtaining water, and it is preferable to apply or spray water in advance or on site to make these reinforcing fibers 6c wet.
[0037]
<Example 1>
As a building base material 1, a structure in which a waterproof layer is formed on plywood, and a mixed layer in which latex / asphalt emulsion or the like is mixed is formed thereon, is 200 mm long × 910 mm wide × 10 mm thick (product) The name "Ruskat", Noda Corporation) was used.
[0038]
Pillars 3a are erected at intervals of 1820 mm, and three studs 3b, 3b, 3b are erected at regular intervals therebetween to form a skeleton. On the skeleton, the base materials 1, 1 are placed on the pillars 3a and 3b. After filling the caulking material 4 into the butting joints, the joint covering material 6 is fixed to the pillars 3a and the studs 3b with staples (not shown). The base was completed, and mortar 8 was applied to the entire surface of the base to a thickness of 10 mm (FIG. 5). The joint covering material 6 is made of a sheet-shaped base material 6a made of a cotton fiber net having a width of 50 mm, an opening diameter of 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm, and a thickness of 0.27 mm. The fiber 6c had a structure in which many fibers 6c were fixed with an adhesive (6b).
[0039]
<Example 2>
The construction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the reinforcing fiber 6c of the joint covering material 6 was changed to a glass fiber having a diameter of 0.25 mm.
[0040]
<Comparative Example 1>
The joint covering material 6 was implemented except that it was made of a cotton fiber net alone having a width of 50 mm, an opening diameter of 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm, and a thickness of 0.27 mm (that is, having no reinforcing fiber 6c). The construction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0041]
<Comparative Example 2>
The construction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mortar 8 was applied directly on the base materials 1 and 1 and the caulking material 4 without using the joint covering material 6.
[0042]
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of measuring the width of the mortar crack at the joint with time in these constructions. In this graph, the horizontal axis indicates the number of days elapsed after the construction, and the vertical axis indicates the width (unit: mm) of the crack visually observed on the mortar surface.
[0043]
As is evident from the results shown in this graph, the mortar cracks were generated from the fourth day in the construction according to Examples 1 and 2, and the progress of the mortar cracks was relatively slow thereafter. In the construction according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it was found that cracks were generated in the mortar from the second day, and that the cracks expanded thereafter, and the crack width was twice or more that of Examples 1 and 2. From the test results, it was confirmed that the formation of the mortar base in a state where the reinforcing fibers 6c were arranged on the surface of the joint covering material 6 could effectively prevent the generation of cracks in the mortar after construction.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention according to claim 1, a joint covering material having a configuration in which reinforcing fibers are fixed to a sheet-like base material is provided, and an architectural base material having a mixture layer formed on the base material surface is brought into abutting state. By using this joint covering material to cover the butt joint of the building base material when fixing it on the base structural material, the plastering coating applied on the butt joint part of the building base material is used. The material can be reinforced to prevent cracks.
[0045]
According to the present invention according to claim 2, a building base material having a mixture layer formed on the surface of a base material is fixed in a butt state on the base structure material, and the butt joint portion of the building base material is a sheet. Provided is an architectural base material construction structure that is covered with a joint covering material in which reinforcing fibers are fixed to a fibrous base material, and a plastering coating material can be directly applied on these architectural base materials and the joint covering material. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the crack from occurring by reinforcing the plastering coating material applied on the joint joint between the base materials for building.
[0046]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, an architectural base material having a mixture layer formed on the surface of a base material is fixed on the base structural material in a butt state, and a caulking material is filled in a butt joint of the architectural base material. Then, the sheet-like material is fixed on the architectural base material so as to cover the butt joint portion filled with the caulking material, and the reinforcing fiber is fixed on the surface of the sheet-like material to complete the base for the plastering coating material, Since an exterior construction method characterized by applying a plastering coating material on this base material is provided, it is possible to use a conventional joint covering material and fix reinforcing fibers to the surface thereof in the field work. Thus, it is possible to reinforce the plastering coating material applied on the joint joint between the base materials for building, thereby preventing the occurrence of cracks.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a construction state in which a joint covering material according to the present invention is used to cover a butt joint portion of a building base material to form a mortar base, and mortar is applied on the mortar base.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a butt joint in the construction state of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a joint covering material.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the joint covering material.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a mortar construction state in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of measuring the width of a mortar crack in a joint over time in construction according to an example and a comparative example.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a mortar construction state according to a conventional technique.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 construction base material 2 chamfered portion 3 base structure material 4 ventilation receiving material 5 caulking material 6 joint covering material 6 a sheet-like base material 6 b surface adhesive layer 6 c reinforcing fiber 6 d back adhesive layer 7 fixing tool 8 plasterer coating material (mortar)
9 mesh

Claims (3)

A joint covering material used to cover a butt joint of the architectural base material when the architectural base material having the mixture layer formed on the surface of the base material is fixed to the base structural material in a butt state, A joint covering material comprising reinforcing fibers fixed to a sheet-like substrate. An architectural base material having a mixture layer formed on the surface of the base material is fixed in an abutting state on the base structural material, and a joint joint of the architectural base material has a reinforcing fiber fixed to the sheet-like base material. An architectural base material construction structure that is coated with a coating material and can directly apply a plastering coating material on these architectural base materials and joint covering materials. An architectural base material having a mixture layer formed on the surface of the base material is fixed on the base structural material in a butt state, and a butt joint of the architectural base material is filled with a caulking material, and the butt joint part filled with the caulking material is filled. The sheet material is fixed on the architectural base material so as to cover it, and the reinforcing fiber is fixed on the surface of the sheet material to complete the base for the plastering material, and the plastering material is applied on this base material. Exterior construction method characterized by doing.

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