JP2004026778A - Method for production of 1-adamantanols - Google Patents

Method for production of 1-adamantanols Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004026778A
JP2004026778A JP2002189738A JP2002189738A JP2004026778A JP 2004026778 A JP2004026778 A JP 2004026778A JP 2002189738 A JP2002189738 A JP 2002189738A JP 2002189738 A JP2002189738 A JP 2002189738A JP 2004026778 A JP2004026778 A JP 2004026778A
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Prior art keywords
acid
adamantanol
reaction
ozone
adamantane
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JP4171878B2 (en
Inventor
Minoru Tsunoda
角田 稔
Yoshio Nishimura
西村 喜男
Kenichi Yanagisawa
柳沢 賢一
Takehiko Isobe
磯部 剛彦
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Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
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Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a convenient method for producing 1-adamantanol without using an expensive catalyst. <P>SOLUTION: This method for producing 1-adamantanol by oxidizing adamantane with ozone in an organic solvent is characterized by adding an acid having an acid dissociation constant of 5 pKa or less in an aqueous solution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、光レジスト原料、あるいは医農薬をはじめとする有機薬品の中間体として有用な1−アダマンタノールの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
アダマンタノール類を製造する従来法として、臭素化した後に加水分解する方法(Chem. Ber., 92, 1629(1959))や、クロム酸などの酸化剤を過剰量用いる方法(特公昭42−16621号公報)などが知られている。しかし、これらの方法では、臭素やクロム酸を過剰に用いなければならないし、逐次反応が進み、選択率が低下するなどの問題がある。
【0003】
これに対し、酸素酸化によりアダマンタノール類を得る方法が多数開示されている。特開平5−310601号公報では、鉄、クロムなどの遷移金属触媒を、特開平9−87216号公報では遷移金属のポルフィリン錯体を用いて1−アダマンタノールを5〜30%の収率で合成している。また、特開平10−316601号公報ではバナジウム触媒とイミド化合物の共存下に酸素酸化を行い、1−アダマンタノールを46%、1,3−アダマンタンジオールを20%の収率で合成している。これらの方法は前記の臭素やクロム酸による方法よりも廃棄物が少なくて済むが、高価な金属触媒や配位子を用いる必要があり、触媒分離等で工程が煩雑になる。
【0004】
さらにまた選択的に1−アダマンタノールを得る方法として、ルテニウム触媒と酸化剤を組み合わせて酸化を行う方法が開示されている。特開平5−51334号公報では、ルテニウムと過酸を用いることでケトン6%に対してアダマンタノールを33%の収率で合成している。また、特開2000−219646号公報ではジクロロエタン/水の二相系でルテニウムと次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを用いて1−アダマンタノールを64%、1,3−アダマンタンジオールを24%の収率で合成している。しかし、高価なルテニウム触媒を用いるため、触媒回収等の工程が必要である。
【0005】
一方、オゾンは、強力な酸化力をもち、反応後は無害な酸素しか出さないクリーンな酸化剤として知られる。オゾンを用いた方法では、シリカゲル上に担持したアダマンタンを反応管に入れ、オゾンを流通させる方法が公知であるが(Org.Synth., VI, 45(1988))、−78℃という低温を必要とし、アダマンタンの担持および生成物の抽出に手間がかかるため実用性に欠ける。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明の課題は、高価な触媒を用いることなく簡便な方法で1−アダマンタノールを製造する方法を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは酸化剤としてオゾンに着目し、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、アダマンタンにオゾンを反応させる方法において、反応系にpKaが5以下の酸類を添加することで選択率が向上し、1−アダマンタノールが高収率で得られることを見出し本発明を完成させるに至った。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明は、アダマンタンを有機溶媒中でオゾンにより酸化して1−アダマンタノールを製造する方法において、水溶液中の酸解離定数(pKa)が5以下の酸を添加することを特徴とする1−アダマンタノールの製造方法に関するものである。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
原料として用いられるアダマンタン類は、下記一般式で表されるものであり、工業グレードおよび試薬グレードとして市販されているものを使用できる。
【0010】
【化1】

Figure 2004026778
(式中、Rnは、水素原子、アルキル基、ハロアルキル基、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基またはカルボキシル基を示し、三級炭素のうち少なくとも一つは水素原子である。)
ここでアルキル基には、例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル基などが含まれる。またハロゲン基には、フルオロ基、クロロ基、ブロム基、ヨード基などが含まれる。
【0011】
反応に用いる溶媒としては、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム、1,1−ジクロロエタン、1,2−ジクロロエタン、1,1,2−トリクロロエタン、1,1,2,2−テトラクロロエタン、1−クロロプロパン、2−クロロプロパン、1,2−ジクロロプロパン、1,3−ジクロロプロパン、1−クロロブタン、2−クロロブタン、1,4−ジクロロブタン、パーフルオロヘキサンなどのハロゲン化炭化水素類、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、ノナン、デカンなどの飽和炭化水素類、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸などのカルボン酸類、無水酢酸などの酸無水物、アセトニトリルなどのニトリル類、ニトロメタンなどのニトロ化炭化水素類、水などが挙げられる。
【0012】
これらの溶媒は、単一または混合溶媒で使用しても良いが、アダマンタンの溶解性と耐オゾン性の点から考慮してハロゲン化炭化水素を溶媒として用いるのが好ましい。また、水および水と相溶性のない有機溶媒を用いた二相系でも反応を実施できる。反応後は反応液を濃縮、ろ過して生成物を回収した後に溶媒を再利用することも可能である。
【0013】
溶液中のアダマンタン濃度は、0.1〜20重量%、好ましくは1〜10重量%である。濃度が低すぎると反応効率、コストの面で経済的でないし、高すぎるとアダマンタンが溶解せずに反応の進行が遅くなる。
【0014】
本発明に使用するpKaが5以下の酸は、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、トリクロロ酢酸などの脂肪族カルボン酸、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸などの脂肪族スルホン酸が挙げられるが、水と水に溶解しない有機溶媒を用いる二相系の反応においては硫酸、塩酸、硝酸、リン酸などの無機酸も使用できる。これらの酸は1種または2種以上組み合わせて用いてもよい。また、pKaが5以下の酸であれば添加効果は充分に得られるが、酸強度が強いほど高い添加効果が得られる。
【0015】
前記酸類の添加濃度は、0.1重量%以上だが、好ましくは1〜80重量%である。濃度が低すぎると添加効果が期待できないし、高すぎるとアダマンタンよりもアダマンタノール類の溶解度が高くなり逐次酸化が進行し、選択率が低下する。また二相系の反応において乳化剤を用いるなど公知の添加剤を用いても差し支えない。
【0016】
オゾンの原料としては、乾燥した空気もしくは酸素を用いることができる。またオゾンの発生には、放電や紫外線ランプなどのオゾナイザなど公知の方法を用いることができる。反応させるオゾンの量は、アダマンタンに対して0.1〜5当量、好ましくは0.5〜3当量である。また、オゾンの供給圧力に制限はない。
【0017】
反応温度は、−20〜80℃、好ましくは0〜40℃である。温度が低すぎるとアダマンタンの溶解度が低下し反応の進行が遅くなり、高すぎると溶媒の蒸発量が多くなる。反応は通常大気圧下で実施されるが、一定圧を保つ加圧系で実施しても良い。
【0018】
本発明における反応器は、オゾンの吹き込みが実施できれば特に制限はない。反応器の材質は、耐オゾン性の観点から、ガラスまたはテフロンライニング製が好ましいが、特に制限はない。また出口側には、溶媒蒸気の流出を防ぐ目的でコールドトラップを、未反応のオゾンを吸着、分解する目的で活性炭やシリカゲル、金属酸化物などの分解触媒を充填した管を取り付けることが望ましい。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を更に具体的に説明する。但し、本発明はこれらの実施例により限定されるものではない。
【0020】
実施例1
内容積7Lのガラス製反応釜にアダマンタン27g、1,2−ジクロロエタン2400g、トリフルオロ酢酸50gを仕込み、氷浴中で2〜3℃まで冷却した後、オゾンを100mmol/hで4時間吹き込んだところ、1−アダマンタノールが収率62%で得られた。
【0021】
実施例2
250mLのガス吸収瓶にアダマンタン5g、1,2−ジクロロエタン200g、トリフルオロ酢酸50gを仕込み氷浴中1℃でオゾンを42mmol/hで3時間吹き込んだところ、1−アダマンタノールが収率59%で得られた。
【0022】
実施例3
溶媒に1,2−ジクロロエタン1200g、酸に酢酸1000gを用いた他は実施例1と同様に反応を行った。反応後、1−アダマンタノールが収率52%で得られた。
【0023】
実施例4
溶媒に1,2−ジクロロエタン1200g、酸にトリフルオロ酢酸5重量%水溶液1000gを用いた他は実施例1と同様に反応を行った。反応後、1−アダマンタノールが収率58%で得られた。
【0024】
実施例5
溶媒に1,2−ジクロロエタン1200g、酸に5%硫酸1000gを用いた他は実施例1と同様に反応を行った。反応後、1−アダマンタノールが収率55%で得られた。
【0025】
比較例1
トリフルオロ酢酸を添加しない他は実施例1と同様にして反応を行った。反応後、1−アダマンタノールが収率39%で得られた。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明では、無触媒で反応が進行するため、廃触媒を出したり、触媒回収を行ったりすることなく高い効率で1−アダマンタノールを製造することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing 1-adamantanol, which is useful as a photoresist material or an intermediate for organic chemicals such as medical and agricultural chemicals.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional method for producing adamantanols, a method of brominating and then hydrolyzing (Chem. Ber., 92 , 1629 (1959)) or a method of using an excess amount of an oxidizing agent such as chromic acid (Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-16621) Publication No.) is known. However, in these methods, bromine or chromic acid must be used in excess, and there is a problem that a sequential reaction proceeds and the selectivity decreases.
[0003]
On the other hand, many methods for obtaining adamantanols by oxygen oxidation have been disclosed. In JP-A-5-310601, 1-adamantanol is synthesized in a yield of 5 to 30% using a transition metal catalyst such as iron and chromium, and in JP-A-9-87216, using a porphyrin complex of a transition metal. ing. In JP-A-10-316601, oxygen oxidation is performed in the presence of a vanadium catalyst and an imide compound to synthesize 1-adamantanol at a yield of 46% and 1,3-adamantanediol at a yield of 20%. These methods require less waste than the methods using bromine or chromic acid, but require the use of expensive metal catalysts and ligands, and complicate the process due to catalyst separation and the like.
[0004]
Furthermore, as a method for selectively obtaining 1-adamantanol, there is disclosed a method of performing oxidation by combining a ruthenium catalyst and an oxidizing agent. In JP-A-5-51334, adamantanol is synthesized in a yield of 33% with respect to 6% of a ketone by using ruthenium and a peracid. JP-A-2000-219646 discloses a two-phase system of dichloroethane / water using ruthenium and sodium hypochlorite to synthesize 1-adamantanol at a yield of 64% and 1,3-adamantanediol at a yield of 24%. are doing. However, since an expensive ruthenium catalyst is used, steps such as catalyst recovery are required.
[0005]
On the other hand, ozone has a strong oxidizing power and is known as a clean oxidizing agent that emits only harmless oxygen after the reaction. In a method using ozone, a method is known in which adamantane supported on silica gel is put into a reaction tube and ozone is circulated (Org. Synth., VI, 45 (1988)), but a low temperature of −78 ° C. is required. It takes a lot of time to carry adamantane and extract the product, which is not practical.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing 1-adamantanol by a simple method without using an expensive catalyst.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have focused on ozone as an oxidizing agent, and as a result of intensive research, have found that in a method of reacting adamantane with ozone, selectivity is improved by adding an acid having a pKa of 5 or less to the reaction system. -It has been found that adamantanol can be obtained in high yield, and the present invention has been completed.
[0008]
That is, the present invention provides a method for producing 1-adamantanol by oxidizing adamantane with ozone in an organic solvent, wherein an acid having an acid dissociation constant (pKa) of 5 or less in an aqueous solution is added. The present invention relates to a method for producing adamantanol.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The adamantane used as a raw material is represented by the following general formula, and those commercially available as industrial grade and reagent grade can be used.
[0010]
Embedded image
Figure 2004026778
(In the formula, Rn represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, a halogen group, a nitro group, or a carboxyl group, and at least one of the tertiary carbons is a hydrogen atom.)
Here, the alkyl group includes, for example, a methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl group and the like. Further, the halogen group includes a fluoro group, a chloro group, a bromo group, an iodine group and the like.
[0011]
As a solvent used for the reaction, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1-chloropropane, 2-chloropropane, Halogenated hydrocarbons such as 1,2-dichloropropane, 1,3-dichloropropane, 1-chlorobutane, 2-chlorobutane, 1,4-dichlorobutane, perfluorohexane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, etc. And carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid, acid anhydrides such as acetic anhydride, nitriles such as acetonitrile, nitrated hydrocarbons such as nitromethane, and water.
[0012]
These solvents may be used alone or as a mixed solvent, but it is preferable to use a halogenated hydrocarbon as the solvent in view of the solubility of adamantane and the ozone resistance. The reaction can also be carried out in a two-phase system using water and an organic solvent incompatible with water. After the reaction, the solvent can be reused after concentrating and filtering the reaction solution to recover the product.
[0013]
The adamantane concentration in the solution is 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight. If the concentration is too low, it is not economical in terms of reaction efficiency and cost, and if it is too high, adamantane does not dissolve and the reaction progresses slowly.
[0014]
Acids having a pKa of 5 or less used in the present invention include aliphatic carboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid, and aliphatic sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Examples of the acid include an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid in a two-phase reaction using water and an organic solvent insoluble in water. These acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more. If the acid has a pKa of 5 or less, the effect of addition is sufficiently obtained, but the stronger the acid strength, the higher the effect of addition.
[0015]
The concentration of the acid is 0.1% by weight or more, but preferably 1 to 80% by weight. If the concentration is too low, the effect of addition cannot be expected. If the concentration is too high, the solubility of adamantanols becomes higher than that of adamantane, so that the sequential oxidation proceeds and the selectivity decreases. In addition, a known additive such as an emulsifier may be used in the two-phase reaction.
[0016]
Dry air or oxygen can be used as a source of ozone. In addition, a known method such as an ozonizer such as a discharge or an ultraviolet lamp can be used to generate ozone. The amount of ozone to be reacted is 0.1 to 5 equivalents, preferably 0.5 to 3 equivalents to adamantane. There is no limitation on the supply pressure of ozone.
[0017]
The reaction temperature is -20 to 80C, preferably 0 to 40C. If the temperature is too low, the solubility of adamantane decreases and the progress of the reaction slows down. If the temperature is too high, the amount of evaporation of the solvent increases. The reaction is usually performed under atmospheric pressure, but may be performed in a pressurized system that maintains a constant pressure.
[0018]
The reactor in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as ozone can be blown therein. The material of the reactor is preferably made of glass or Teflon lining from the viewpoint of ozone resistance, but is not particularly limited. It is desirable to attach a cold trap to the outlet side to prevent solvent vapor from flowing out, and a tube filled with a decomposition catalyst such as activated carbon, silica gel, or metal oxide to adsorb and decompose unreacted ozone.
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited by these examples.
[0020]
Example 1
After putting 27 g of adamantane, 2400 g of 1,2-dichloroethane and 50 g of trifluoroacetic acid into a glass reactor having an inner volume of 7 L, cooling the mixture to 2-3 ° C. in an ice bath, and then blowing ozone at 100 mmol / h for 4 hours. , 1-adamantanol was obtained in a yield of 62%.
[0021]
Example 2
5 g of adamantane, 200 g of 1,2-dichloroethane and 50 g of trifluoroacetic acid were charged into a 250 mL gas absorption bottle, and ozone was blown in an ice bath at 1 ° C. at 42 mmol / h for 3 hours. As a result, the yield of 1-adamantanol was 59%. Obtained.
[0022]
Example 3
The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1200 g of 1,2-dichloroethane was used as the solvent and 1,000 g of acetic acid was used as the acid. After the reaction, 1-adamantanol was obtained with a yield of 52%.
[0023]
Example 4
The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1200 g of 1,2-dichloroethane was used as the solvent and 1000 g of a 5% by weight aqueous solution of trifluoroacetic acid was used as the acid. After the reaction, 1-adamantanol was obtained in a yield of 58%.
[0024]
Example 5
The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1200 g of 1,2-dichloroethane was used as the solvent and 1000 g of 5% sulfuric acid was used as the acid. After the reaction, 1-adamantanol was obtained in a yield of 55%.
[0025]
Comparative Example 1
The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that trifluoroacetic acid was not added. After the reaction, 1-adamantanol was obtained in a yield of 39%.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, since the reaction proceeds without a catalyst, 1-adamantanol can be produced with high efficiency without removing a spent catalyst or recovering the catalyst.

Claims (1)

アダマンタンを有機溶媒中でオゾンにより酸化して1−アダマンタノールを製造する方法において、水溶液中の酸解離定数(pKa)が5以下の酸を添加することを特徴とする1−アダマンタノールの製造方法。A method for producing 1-adamantanol by oxidizing adamantane with ozone in an organic solvent, wherein an acid having an acid dissociation constant (pKa) of 5 or less in an aqueous solution is added. .
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007145821A (en) * 2005-11-07 2007-06-14 Toyo Kasei Kogyo Co Ltd Method for producing 4-hydroxy-2-adamantanone compound
JP2008542343A (en) * 2005-05-31 2008-11-27 ケミファイン グループ リミテッド Method for preparing adamantane derivatives
CN116351411A (en) * 2022-12-07 2023-06-30 四川泸天化麦王临港环保有限责任公司 Catalyst for treating adamantane and adamantane derivative wastewater, preparation and application thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008542343A (en) * 2005-05-31 2008-11-27 ケミファイン グループ リミテッド Method for preparing adamantane derivatives
JP2007145821A (en) * 2005-11-07 2007-06-14 Toyo Kasei Kogyo Co Ltd Method for producing 4-hydroxy-2-adamantanone compound
CN116351411A (en) * 2022-12-07 2023-06-30 四川泸天化麦王临港环保有限责任公司 Catalyst for treating adamantane and adamantane derivative wastewater, preparation and application thereof

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