JP2004025403A - Turret rest and lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a turret rest capable of supplying a large capacity of cutting liquid to a tool installed on a turret, supplying working oil of many systems and transmitting an electric signal to a work holding device or transmitting various fluids and signals such as a detection signal of a work detector, etc. and to consequently provide a lathe to realize more universal processing. <P>SOLUTION: This lathe is furnished with a plurality of tool rests at least one of which is furnished with a rotating tool driving device and at least another one of which is furnished with this turret rest. This turret rest is furnished with a turret shaft 22 axially supported on a tool rest main body 2 and a turret 1 fixed on a head end of this turret shaft, and the cutting liquid, the working oil and the electric signal are supplied and transmitted to the side of the turret 1 from the tool rest main body 2 through these through holes. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a turret tool rest of a machine tool, which supplies cutting fluid to a tool mounted on a turret, supplies hydraulic oil to a work holding device mounted on a turret, or transmits electric signals detected on the turret side. And a lathe provided with such a turret tool post.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The turret tool rest includes a turret that is rotationally indexed, and a plurality of tools are mounted on the turret. Further, the turret is provided with a detector for detecting the work and a work holding device for preventing the work from being deformed due to the processing reaction force or transferring the work on the machine base, as necessary.
[0003]
In a machine tool for metal working, it is usually necessary to supply a cutting fluid to a cutting edge of a tool when working a work. In addition, when a work holding device is to securely hold a work, a claw for holding the work is required. In addition, it is necessary to open and close the fingers. The hydraulic fluid required for opening and closing and the cutting fluid required by the tool need to be supplied from the tool rest body via a turret. Also, when detecting a work with a detector mounted on the turret or checking the opening / closing operation of the work holding device, it is necessary to transmit the electric signal of the detector mounted on the turret to the tool post body side. is there.
[0004]
In such a case, the supply of cutting fluid or hydraulic oil from the turret main body to the turret and the transmission of electric signals from the turret side to the turret main body side are conventionally performed by means shown in FIGS. Was. That is, utilizing the fact that the back surface of the turret 1 is opposed to the tool post main body 2 and that the turret 1 is indexed at a fixed angular position, as shown in FIG. A cutting fluid receiving port 3 is provided at a position corresponding to the exit position. On the other hand, the tool rest main body is provided with a cutting fluid supply port provided with a nozzle tip 4 which advances and retreats to a position facing the receiving port 3 when the tool is indexed. Then, every time the turret 1 is indexed, the nozzle tip 4 is advanced to communicate the cutting fluid supply path on the tool rest body side with the receiving port 3 on the turret side to supply necessary cutting fluid.
[0005]
When a work holding device or a work detector 5 is provided on the turret, as shown in FIG. 6, a connecting member 7 extending from the holder 6 to the back of the turret 1 is provided, and a connecting block is provided on the tool post body 2 side. A hydraulic coupler having a nozzle which is fixed to and opposed to the tip of the communication member 7 and a nozzle which moves forward and backward, and a non-contact coupler which transmits an electric signal in a non-contact manner by lines of magnetic force or light are provided to supply hydraulic oil. And transmission of electrical signals.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional means as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has an advantage that it can be adopted even when the turret 1 has a built-in rotary tool drive mechanism. However, with such a means, the passage area of the cutting fluid or the working oil cannot be made too large, and for example, it is necessary to supply a large amount of the cutting fluid at the time of machining such as an ejector drill for discharging chips with the cutting fluid. There is a problem that a sufficient amount of cutting fluid cannot be supplied to the tool. Also, with respect to the supply of hydraulic oil to the work holding device and the like, there are problems that it is difficult to provide a large number of hydraulic oil passages and that the detection of the operation and the detection of the work are limited.
[0007]
When a plurality of tool rests are mounted on a machine tool, the present invention provides machining with a rotary tool mounted on another tool rest without providing a rotary tool driving device on turrets of all the tool rests. It is possible to supply a large volume of cutting fluid to the tool mounted on the turret instead of providing a rotary tool drive, and to provide multiple systems to the work holding device mounted on the turret and its motion detector. Providing a turret tool post that enables transmission of various fluids and signals, such as hydraulic fluid supply, transmission of electrical signals, and transmission of detection signals from work detectors, thereby realizing a wider range of machining. The task is to obtain a possible machine tool.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A lathe according to the present invention that has solved the above-mentioned problems includes a plurality of tool rests 14 and 15, at least one of which includes a tool driving device that drives a rotary tool 17 mounted on the tool rest, and at least another One of the turrets 15 is the turret tool rest according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 of the present application.
[0009]
The turret tool rest of the invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a turret tool rest comprising a turret shaft 22 pivotally supported by a tool rest main body 2 and a turret 1 fixed to the tip of the turret shaft. The turret shaft 22 has axial through holes 29, 30, 31 communicating with the outer surface of the turret. Through these through holes, cutting fluid, hydraulic oil or electric signals are not supplied from the tool rest body 2 to the turret 1 side. The turret tool post to be transmitted.
[0010]
The through holes 29, 30, and 31 can be provided at the eccentric position and the axis of the turret shaft 22, as described in claim 2. At the base end of the turret shaft 2, a non-contact coupler 47 for electric signals facing the center through-hole 29 is provided, and a rotary fluid coupling unit 19 communicating with the through-holes 30, 31 at the eccentric position is provided. Transmission of electric signals and supply of cutting fluid, hydraulic oil, and the like can be performed to the turret through these through holes.
[0011]
By employing the above means, signals such as electric signals and optical signals and fluids such as hydraulic oil and cutting fluid can be transmitted or supplied to various devices mounted on the turret. In the turret tool rest according to the third aspect of the present invention, the turret 1 is provided with a work holding device 20 that is opened and closed by hydraulic drive, and the working pressure is applied to the work holding device through the rotary fluid coupling unit 19 and the through hole 31 at the eccentric position. The turret tool post according to claim 2, wherein the turret tool post is supplied.
[0012]
The turret tool rest according to the invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the cutting fluid to the tool 21 mounted on the turret 1 is supplied through the rotary fluid coupling unit 19 and the through hole 30 at the eccentric position. A turret tool post according to claim 2.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the machine tool (lathe) of the present invention. In the drawing, 11 is a headstock, 12 is a spindle chuck, 13 is a work held by the chuck 12, 14 and 15 are turret tool rests, 2 is a tool rest body, 1 is a turret, and 16 is a turret indexing motor. . The turret tool rest 14 in the upper part of the figure is provided with a rotary tool driving device for rotating a rotary tool 17 such as a milling cutter or a drill mounted on the turret 1. A tool drive motor 18 is schematically shown. The turret 1 is driven by a pair of bevel gears through a center hole of a turret shaft (not shown) in which the rotation of the tool drive motor is supported by the tool rest body 2. The rotation is transmitted to a shaft in the radial direction, and the rotation is transmitted to a rotary tool 17 such as a drill or a milling cutter mounted around the turret 1. That is, the rotation of the tool drive motor 18 is transmitted to the rotary tool 17 via a rotary shaft passing through the axis of the turret shaft to which the turret 1 is fixed.
[0014]
The turret tool rest 15 below the figure does not have a rotary tool drive. 19 is a coupling unit for transmitting cutting oil, hydraulic oil, air pressure, electric signals, and the like schematically shown in the figure. A work holding device 20, an ejector drill 21, and the like are mounted on the turret 1 of the tool rest, in addition to a turning tool such as a cutting tool.
[0015]
FIGS. 1 and 2 show a cross section of the turret tool rest 15 and a turret front in the lower part of the figure. The turret 1 is fixed to the tip of a turret shaft 22 that is supported by the tool rest main body 2 in the radial direction. A gear 23 is connected to a drive gear of the indexing motor, and is fixed to the turret shaft 22.
[0016]
The index position of the turret 1 is determined by a three-piece coupling 24. That is, the fixed surface gear 25 fixed to the tool rest main body 2 and the rotating surface gear 26 fixed to the back surface of the turret 1 are arranged on the same plane, and the moving surface gear 27 facing both of them moves forward and backward in the axial direction. It is provided on a ring-shaped piston 28. By moving the piston 28 forward, the moving surface gear 27 is fitted to both the fixed surface gear 25 and the rotating surface gear 26 at the same time, and the indexing position of the turret 1 is fixed. Therefore, when the indexing rotation of the turret 1 and the fixing operation of the indexing position are performed, the axial movement of the turret shaft 22 is slight. This is important for making the rotary fluid coupling unit described later compact.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 3, the turret shaft 22 has four large-diameter through-holes (hereinafter, referred to as “center holes”) symmetrically arranged at one eccentric position with one through-hole (hereinafter, referred to as “center hole”) 29 of the axis. A diameter hole 30) and four small-diameter through holes (hereinafter referred to as “small diameter holes”) 31 are provided in the axial direction. The turret 1 has an opening at the front center thereof, and the tip of the turret shaft 22 faces the center of the opening. The center hole 29 and the small-diameter hole 31 are open at the tip of the turret shaft 22, and the open end is provided with a female screw for connecting a pipe joint 37 or a blind plug. The axial end of the large-diameter hole 30 is closed, and is open to the distal end outer peripheral surface of the turret shaft with a radial hole.
[0018]
A ring-shaped lid plate 32 is provided at an opening at the front center of the turret. The lid plate is provided with a short cylindrical piping block 33 integrally. When the lid plate 32 is fixed to the turret 1, the inner peripheral surface of the piping block 33 is fitted to the outer periphery of the distal end of the turret shaft 22. . Circumferential grooves 34 and 35 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the piping block 33, and an appropriate number of outlet holes 36 communicating with the circumferential grooves are opened at the front of the lid plate 32. At the open ends of these outlet holes, female threads for connecting the pipe joint 46 or the blind plug 38 are provided. When the piping block is fitted to the tip of the turret shaft 22, the circumferential grooves 34 and 35 communicate with the radial holes extending from the large-diameter holes 30. That is, the four large-diameter holes 30 of the turret shaft are collectively connected to two circumferential grooves 34 and 35, respectively, and the cover plate is passed through an appropriate number of outlet holes 36 communicating with those circumferential grooves. 32 is open at the front. A pipe joint such as an elbow 46 may be attached to this part to supply a large amount of cutting fluid to a required processing part.
[0019]
In the illustrated example, a work holding device 20 is mounted on the turret 1. This work holding device includes three fingers 40 for holding the work 13 with the roller 39 at the tip, and has a built-in hydraulic cylinder (not shown) for opening and closing the fingers. Although not shown in the drawing, the work holding device further includes a detector for checking the operation of the finger 40 and an air nozzle for blowing off the chips so that the chips do not bite into the roller 39.
[0020]
In the example shown in the figure, the center hole 29 is an insertion hole for a cable for transmitting a signal of the detector of the work holding device 20, and two of the small diameter holes 31 are for hydraulic oil for operating a hydraulic cylinder for opening and closing fingers. Another small hole is a passage for supplying compressed air for blowing off chips. In addition, four large-diameter holes 30 are collectively used as two holes for supplying cutting fluid in two systems. The remaining one small diameter hole is not used. The used central hole 29 and three small diameter holes 31 are connected to predetermined ports of the work holding device 20 by a cable protection pipe 41, a hydraulic oil pipe 42, and a pressurized air pipe 43.
[0021]
A conduit 45 extending radially toward one of the tool mounting stations 44 is connected to the circumferential hole 35 of the piping block 33, and communicates with the holder 21a of the ejector drill 21 mounted on the tool mounting station. I have. A cutting fluid pipe is connected to the opening of the outlet hole 36 communicating with the circumferential holes 34 and 35 via an elbow 46 as necessary, and unnecessary components are closed with blind plugs 38.
[0022]
The center hole 29 is open at the base axis of the turret shaft, and the detector 47 a of the non-contact coupler 47 is fixed to the turret shaft 22 via the mounting block 48 on its extension. The signal cable inserted into the center hole 29 is connected to the detector 47a. The small-diameter hole 31 and the large-diameter hole 30 are formed at the base end of the turret shaft 22 by radial holes 49 and 50 having their distal ends individually communicated with the respective holes 31 and 30 and arranged at predetermined intervals in the axial direction. It is open on the outer peripheral surface of the part. Although a plurality of radial holes 49 and 50 are shown on the same cut plane in the figure, they are actually drilled radially out of phase with each other in the circumferential direction. They do not communicate with each other.
[0023]
At the base end of the turret shaft 22, a cylindrical joint casing 51 for supplying fluid to these radial holes is rotatable relative to the turret shaft 22 by bearings 52 and 53, and is axially positioned and rotated on the tool rest body 2. Is fixed and mounted. On the inner circumference of the joint casing 51, inner circumferential grooves 54, 55 are provided corresponding to the radial holes 49, 50, respectively, and radial through holes communicating with the inner circumferential grooves are provided, respectively. Piping joints 56 and 57 are connected to the open ends. In the example shown in the figure, one of the large-diameter pipe joints 56 is connected to the cutting fluid supply device, two of the small-diameter pipe joints 57 are connected to the hydraulic oil supply device, and the other one is pressurized air supply. Connected to the device.
[0024]
Further, an output device 47b is attached to the axis of the connection casing so as to face the detector 47a of the non-contact coupler 47, and this output device is connected to the control device.
[0025]
As described above, the turret tool rest of the present invention can be applied to a tool that requires a large flow rate of cutting oil, such as the work holding device 20 and the ejector drill 21 mounted on the turret 1, the cutting oil supplied to the work holding device 20, Oil, pressurized air, and signal cables connected to the work detector and the operation detector of the work holding device are supplied or connected through the through holes 29, 30, and 31 provided in the turret shaft 22, The supply of a large amount of cutting fluid, the supply of hydraulic oil in multiple systems, the supply of pressurized air, the connection of signal cables, etc. can be performed in parallel and, if necessary, in multiple systems. There is an effect that it is possible to perform a wider variety of types of processing on the same machine by mounting a device or a tool having a structure.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a turret tool post of an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view of the turret of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a through hole provided in a turret shaft. FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional cutting fluid supply structure. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional structure for transmitting hydraulic oil and electric signals to a device mounted on a turret.
Reference Signs List 1 turret 2 turret main body 14 turret turret 4 turret turret 17 rotating tool 19 joint unit 20 work holding device 22 turret shaft 29 center hole 30 large diameter hole 31 small diameter hole 47 Non-contact coupler

Claims (5)

In a turret tool post including a turret shaft (22) pivotally supported by a tool post main body (2) and a turret (1) fixed to the tip of the turret shaft, the turret shaft (22) is provided with An axial through hole (29, 30, 31) communicating with the outer surface is provided, through which cutting fluid, hydraulic oil or an electric signal is supplied or transmitted from the tool post body (2) to the turret (1) side. A turret tool post. In a turret tool post having a turret shaft (22) pivotally supported by a tool post main body (2) and a turret (1) fixed to the tip of the turret shaft, the turret shaft (22) has its axis centered. And an eccentric position provided with axial through holes (29, 30, 31) communicating with the outer surface of the turret (1), and an electric signal facing the center through hole (29) at the base end of the turret shaft. A turret tool rest, comprising: a non-contact coupler (47) for use with a rotary fluid coupling unit (19) communicating with the through holes (30, 31) at the eccentric position. A work holding device (20) that is opened and closed by hydraulic drive is mounted on the turret (1), and operating pressure is supplied to the work holding device through the rotary fluid coupling unit (19) and the through hole (31) at the eccentric position. The turret tool post according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting fluid to a tool (21) mounted on a turret (1) is supplied via the rotary fluid coupling unit (19) and a through hole (30) in an eccentric position. Turret tool post. A plurality of tool rests (14, 15) are provided, at least one of which (14) is provided with a tool driving device for driving a rotary tool (17) mounted on the tool rest, and at least one other (15) is provided. A lathe, characterized by being the turret tool rest according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4.

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