JP2004025263A - Tailored tube and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Tailored tube and method for manufacturing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004025263A
JP2004025263A JP2002187085A JP2002187085A JP2004025263A JP 2004025263 A JP2004025263 A JP 2004025263A JP 2002187085 A JP2002187085 A JP 2002187085A JP 2002187085 A JP2002187085 A JP 2002187085A JP 2004025263 A JP2004025263 A JP 2004025263A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
tube
tailored
metal
welding
welded
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Pending
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JP2002187085A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Osamu Sonobe
園部 治
Yuji Hashimoto
橋本 裕二
Takao Iguchi
井口 貴朗
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Publication date
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Priority to JP2002187085A priority Critical patent/JP2004025263A/en
Publication of JP2004025263A publication Critical patent/JP2004025263A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tailored tube suitable for HF working and press-bending while improving the bonding strength thereof, and a method for manufacturing the tailored tube by a simple means. <P>SOLUTION: The end faces of metal tubes are butted against each other so that the axes of the metal tubes of the same outer diameter but different strength and/or thickness are aligned to each other. Then the metal tubes are rotated around the axes, and stopped and welded to each other after a plastic flow occurs in the tube end faces. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、特性の異なる複数の金属管を管軸方向に接合した管材(以下、テイラードチューブという)とその製造方法に関し、特にハイドロフォーミング加工(以下、 HF加工という)や曲げ,プレス加工に適したテイラードチューブとその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
強度や厚さ等の特性が異なる金属管を管軸方向に接合したテイラードチューブは、近年、自動車用構造部材の素材として注目を集めている。
テイラードチューブの製造方法としては、図2に示すように、特性の異なる金属板5a,5bの端面を突合せ溶接した素材(いわゆるテイラードブランク)を製造した後、そのテイラードブランクを管状に成形してシーム部7を溶接する方法が従来から知られている。しかしながら図2に示す方法でテイラードチューブを製造する場合は、金属板溶接部6を有するテイラードブランクを管状に成形するので、得られるテイラードチューブはシーム部7を有する金属管(いわゆる電縫管)に限定され、しかも金属板溶接部6とシーム部7が互いに交差する部位の強度が特に低下するのは避けられない。また金属板溶接部6の両側の金属板5a,5bの特性が異なるので、テイラードブランクを管状に成形する際にシーム部7の突合せ精度が低下し、溶接不良や形状不良が発生する。
【0003】
そこで図3に示すように、特性の異なる金属管1a,1bの端面を突合せ溶接する方法も検討されている。図3に示す方法でテイラードチューブを製造する場合は、使用する金属管1a,1bは電縫管に限定されず、シーム部7のない金属管(いわゆるシームレス管)にも適用できる。シームレス管を用いてテイラードチューブを製造すると、金属管溶接部3が生じるものの、シーム部7は存在しない。したがってシームレス管のテイラードチューブの強度は、電縫管のテイラードチューブに比べて向上する。
【0004】
しかしながら図3に示す方法でテイラードチューブを製造する場合は、金属管1a,1bの端面を突合せ溶接するので、金属管1a,1b管端部の寸法精度を改善する必要がある。特にシームレス管は、その製造工程が熱間加工であるから、管端部のみならず管全長にわたって寸法精度が劣化するのは避けられない。 その結果、端面の突合せ部に空隙や段差を生じて、突合せ溶接に支障をきたす。したがって図3に示す方法で製造したシームレス管のテイラードチューブは、突合せ溶接の十分な強度が得られない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記のような問題を解消し、 接合強度を向上させてHF加工や曲げプレス加工に適したテイラードチューブと、そのテイラードチューブを簡便な手段で製造する方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、外径が同一で強度および/または厚さが異なる金属管の端面を突き合わせて溶接した溶接部を有するテイラードチューブであって、前記溶接部近傍に塑性流動部を有するテイラードチューブである。
前記したテイラードチューブの発明においては、好適態様として、溶接がレーザ溶接であることが好ましい。
【0007】
また本発明は、外径が同一で強度および/または厚さが異なる金属管の端面を突き合わせて溶接するテイラードチューブの製造方法において、金属管の管軸が互いに一致するように端面を突き合わせ、前記管軸を中心にして金属管を回転させて管端部に塑性流動が生じた後、 前記回転を停止して溶接を行なうテイラードチューブの製造方法である。
【0008】
前記したテイラードチューブの製造方法の発明においては、好適態様として、溶接がレーザ溶接であることが好ましい。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、本発明のテイラードチューブを製造する方法の例を示す説明図である。外径が同一で特性(たとえば強度,厚さ等)が異なる金属管1a,1bをあらかじめ製造しておき、金属管1aの管軸と金属管1bの管軸とを一致させて端面を突き合わせる。次いで金属管1a,1bを管軸2に平行な方向に押圧して端面を突き合わせた状態で、管軸2を中心にして金属管1a,1bを回転させる。
【0010】
金属管1a,1bの回転は、一方の金属管1aが他方の金属管1bに対して相対的に回転すれば良い。したがって、金属管1a,1bのいずれか片方のみを回転させても良いし、あるいは金属管1a,1bの両方を回転させても良い。 ただし金属管1a,1bの両方を回転させる場合は、図1に示すように、金属管1aと金属管1bを逆方向に回転させる。なお、このときの相対的な回転数および押圧力は、管端部近傍に塑性流動が生じるよう素材に応じて調整すれば良い。
【0011】
ここで塑性流動とは、互いに接した2つの管端部の素材が、少なくとも表面で部分的に塑性変形する現象を指す。また、塑性流動が生じた部位を塑性流動部と記載する。
金属管1a,1bの管端部に塑性流動が生じると、端面の突合せ部の空隙や段差が解消され、金属管1a,1bの管端部に互いに密着した塑性流動部4が形成される。そこで金属管1a,1bの回転を停止して、塑性流動部4を溶接する。ここで用いる溶接は、特定の溶接方法に限定せず、従来から知られている溶接技術が使用できる。ただしレーザ溶接を用いると、溶接欠陥等が少なく、溶接品質が良好であるから好ましい。
【0012】
こうして得られた本発明のテイラードチューブは、塑性流動によって互いに密着した塑性流動部4を溶接するので、接合強度が向上して、HF加工や曲げプレス加工に適したテイラードチューブが得られる。しかも簡便な手段でテイラードチューブを製造することが可能である。しかも金属管1a,1bとして電縫管を使用したテイラードチューブのみならず、寸法精度が比較的劣るシームレス管を使用したテイラードチューブも製造できる。さらに電縫管とシームレス管とを接合したテイラードチューブも製造可能である。
【0013】
【実施例】
図1に示すように、外径が同一で特性が異なる金属管1a,1bを用いてテイラードチューブを製造した。すなわち、金属管1aとして外径63.5mm,厚さ1.6mm ,長さ250mm ,引張強さ440MPaの電縫鋼管を使用し、金属管1bとして外径63.5mm,厚さ2.0mm ,長さ250mm ,引張強さ590MPaの電縫鋼管を使用した。なお、電縫鋼管1a,1bのシーム部7は電気抵抗溶接(いわゆるERW)で溶接した。
【0014】
この電縫鋼管1aの管軸と電縫鋼管1bの管軸とが一致するように端面を突き合わせて、さらに管軸2に平行な方向に押圧しながら電縫鋼管1aのみを回転させた。このとき、電縫鋼管1bは停止し、電縫鋼管1aの回転数は5回転とした。その後、 電縫鋼管1aの回転を停止し、金属管1a,1bの管端部に形成された塑性流動部をレーザ溶接で溶接して、外径63.5mm,長さ500mm のテイラードチューブを製造した。これを発明例とする。
【0015】
一方、比較例1として、図2に示すように、テイラードブランクを管状に成形して、テイラードチューブを製造した。なお、金属板5aとして幅199.4mm ,厚さ1.6mm ,長さ250mm ,引張強さ440MPaの鋼板を使用し、金属板5bとして幅199.4mm ,厚さ2.0mm ,長さ250mm ,引張強さ590MPaの鋼板を使用した。すなわち、鋼板5aの端面と鋼板5bの端面とを突き合わせて金属板溶接部6をレーザ溶接で溶接して幅199.4mm ,長さ500mm のテイラードブランクを製造した後、 さらに管状に成形してシーム部7を電気抵抗溶接で溶接した。得られたテイラードチューブの外径は外径63.5mm,長さは500mm であった。
【0016】
また比較例2として、図3に示すように、発明例と同じ電縫鋼管1a,1bを用いてテイラードチューブを製造した。すなわち、電縫鋼管1aの端面と電縫鋼管1bの端面とを突き合わせて金属管溶接部3をレーザ溶接で溶接して外径63.5mm,長さ500mm のテイラードチューブを製造した。
発明例および比較例1,2について、各々 100本ずつテイラードチューブを製造し、発明例と比較例2については金属管溶接部3とシーム部7を目視で観察し、比較例1については金属板溶接部6とシーム部7を目視で観察して、溶接不良の有無を調査した。その結果を表1に示す。なお、ここでは目視により確認可能な貫通した穴等の欠陥が生じたものを不良とし、欠陥が発生していないものを合格として評価した。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 2004025263
【0018】
表1から明らかなように、発明例では各溶接部の不良は皆無であったのに対して、比較例1では不良が29本,比較例2では不良が67本であった。
次に、金属管溶接部3,金属板溶接部6あるいはシーム部7の目視検査で合格したテイラードチューブを用いてHF加工を行なった。HF加工では、拡管率30%,拡管部長さ127mm の金型を使用し、軸押しを施しながら成形内圧をかけた。HF加工の後、発明例と比較例2については金属管溶接部3とシーム部7を目視で観察し、比較例1については金属板溶接部6とシーム部7を目視で観察して、各溶接部の剥離の有無を調査した。その結果を表2に示す。なお、ここでは各溶接部の剥離が生じたものを不良とし、剥離が発生していないものを合格として評価した。
【0019】
【表2】
Figure 2004025263
【0020】
表2から明らかなように、 発明例では 100本全て合格した(すなわち各溶接部の剥離は皆無であった)のに対して、比較例1の合格本数は52本,比較例2の合格本数は0本であった。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、接合強度を向上させてHF加工や曲げプレス加工に適したテイラードチューブを簡便な手段で製造できる。しかも、電縫管のみならずシームレス管にも適用できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のテイラードチューブを製造する方法の例を示す説明図である。
【図2】従来のテイラードチューブの製造方法の例を示す説明図である。
【図3】従来のテイラードチューブの製造方法の他の例を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1a 金属管
1b 金属管
2 管軸
3 金属管溶接部
4 塑性流動部
5a  金属板
5b  金属板
6 金属板溶接部
7 シーム部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tube material (hereinafter referred to as a tailored tube) in which a plurality of metal tubes having different characteristics are joined in the tube axis direction, and a manufacturing method thereof, and particularly suitable for hydroforming (hereinafter referred to as HF), bending, and pressing. The present invention relates to a tailored tube and a manufacturing method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, tailored tubes in which metal tubes having different properties such as strength and thickness are joined in the tube axis direction have attracted attention as materials for structural members for automobiles.
As shown in FIG. 2, a tailored tube is manufactured by manufacturing a material (so-called tailored blank) in which end faces of metal plates 5a and 5b having different characteristics are butt welded, and then forming the tailored blank into a tubular shape. A method for welding the portion 7 is conventionally known. However, when a tailored tube is manufactured by the method shown in FIG. 2, a tailored blank having a metal plate welded portion 6 is formed into a tubular shape, so that the obtained tailored tube is a metal tube having a seam portion 7 (so-called electric sewn tube). However, it is inevitable that the strength of the portion where the metal plate welded portion 6 and the seam portion 7 intersect with each other is particularly lowered. In addition, since the characteristics of the metal plates 5a and 5b on both sides of the metal plate welded portion 6 are different, when the tailored blank is formed into a tubular shape, the butting accuracy of the seam portion 7 is lowered, resulting in poor welding and poor shape.
[0003]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, a method of butt welding the end faces of the metal tubes 1a and 1b having different characteristics has been studied. When the tailored tube is manufactured by the method shown in FIG. 3, the metal tubes 1 a and 1 b to be used are not limited to the electric sewing tube, and can be applied to a metal tube without the seam portion 7 (so-called seamless tube). When a tailored tube is manufactured using a seamless pipe, the metal pipe welded portion 3 is generated, but the seam portion 7 does not exist. Therefore, the strength of the tailored tube of the seamless tube is improved as compared with the tailored tube of the electric sewing tube.
[0004]
However, when the tailored tube is manufactured by the method shown in FIG. 3, since the end faces of the metal tubes 1a and 1b are butt welded, it is necessary to improve the dimensional accuracy of the end portions of the metal tubes 1a and 1b. In particular, since the manufacturing process of the seamless pipe is hot working, it is inevitable that the dimensional accuracy deteriorates over the entire length of the pipe as well as the end of the pipe. As a result, a gap or a step is generated in the butt portion of the end face, which hinders butt welding. Therefore, the seamless tube tailored tube manufactured by the method shown in FIG. 3 cannot obtain sufficient strength of butt welding.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, to provide a tailored tube suitable for HF processing and bending press processing with improved bonding strength, and a method for producing the tailored tube by a simple means. .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a tailored tube having a welded portion in which end faces of metal tubes having the same outer diameter and different strength and / or thickness are welded to each other, and has a plastic flow portion in the vicinity of the welded portion. .
In the above-described tailored tube invention, as a preferred embodiment, the welding is preferably laser welding.
[0007]
Further, the present invention provides a tailored tube manufacturing method in which end faces of metal tubes having the same outer diameter and different strengths and / or thicknesses are butted and welded, but the end faces are butted so that the tube axes of the metal tubes coincide with each other. This is a method for manufacturing a tailored tube in which a metal tube is rotated around a tube axis to cause plastic flow at a tube end, and then the rotation is stopped to perform welding.
[0008]
In the above-described method for manufacturing a tailored tube, as a preferred embodiment, the welding is preferably laser welding.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a method for producing a tailored tube of the present invention. Metal tubes 1a and 1b having the same outer diameter and different characteristics (for example, strength, thickness, etc.) are manufactured in advance, and the end surfaces of the metal tube 1a and the tube axis of the metal tube 1b are made to coincide with each other. . Next, the metal tubes 1a and 1b are rotated around the tube shaft 2 in a state where the metal tubes 1a and 1b are pressed in a direction parallel to the tube shaft 2 and the end faces are butted.
[0010]
The metal tubes 1a and 1b may be rotated as long as one metal tube 1a rotates relative to the other metal tube 1b. Accordingly, only one of the metal tubes 1a and 1b may be rotated, or both the metal tubes 1a and 1b may be rotated. However, when both the metal tubes 1a and 1b are rotated, the metal tube 1a and the metal tube 1b are rotated in opposite directions as shown in FIG. Note that the relative rotational speed and pressing force at this time may be adjusted according to the material so that plastic flow is generated in the vicinity of the pipe end.
[0011]
Here, the plastic flow refers to a phenomenon in which the materials at the two pipe end portions in contact with each other undergo plastic deformation at least partially on the surface. Moreover, the site | part in which the plastic flow produced is described as a plastic flow part.
When plastic flow occurs at the pipe ends of the metal tubes 1a and 1b, the gaps and steps in the end face butt portions are eliminated, and the plastic flow portions 4 are formed in close contact with the pipe ends of the metal tubes 1a and 1b. Therefore, the rotation of the metal pipes 1a and 1b is stopped, and the plastic flow portion 4 is welded. The welding used here is not limited to a specific welding method, and a conventionally known welding technique can be used. However, it is preferable to use laser welding because there are few welding defects and the welding quality is good.
[0012]
Since the tailored tube of the present invention thus obtained welds the plastic flow portions 4 that are in close contact with each other by plastic flow, the joint strength is improved, and a tailored tube suitable for HF processing and bending press processing is obtained. Moreover, tailored tubes can be manufactured by simple means. Moreover, not only a tailored tube using an electric sewing tube as the metal tubes 1a and 1b, but also a tailored tube using a seamless tube having relatively poor dimensional accuracy can be manufactured. Furthermore, a tailored tube in which an electric sewing tube and a seamless tube are joined can also be manufactured.
[0013]
【Example】
As shown in FIG. 1, tailored tubes were manufactured using metal tubes 1a and 1b having the same outer diameter and different characteristics. That is, an electric resistance steel pipe having an outer diameter of 63.5 mm, a thickness of 1.6 mm, a length of 250 mm, and a tensile strength of 440 MPa is used as the metal pipe 1a, and an outer diameter of 63.5 mm and a thickness of 2.0 mm is used as the metal pipe 1b. An ERW steel pipe having a length of 250 mm and a tensile strength of 590 MPa was used. In addition, the seam part 7 of the ERW steel pipes 1a and 1b was welded by electric resistance welding (so-called ERW).
[0014]
The end face was abutted so that the tube axis of the ERW steel pipe 1a and the tube axis of the ERW steel pipe 1b coincided, and only the ERW steel pipe 1a was rotated while being pressed in a direction parallel to the tube axis 2. At this time, the ERW steel pipe 1b was stopped, and the rotation speed of the ERW steel pipe 1a was set to 5 rotations. Thereafter, the rotation of the ERW steel pipe 1a is stopped, and the plastic flow part formed at the pipe ends of the metal pipes 1a and 1b is welded by laser welding to produce a tailored tube having an outer diameter of 63.5 mm and a length of 500 mm. did. This is an invention example.
[0015]
On the other hand, as Comparative Example 1, as shown in FIG. 2, a tailored blank was formed into a tubular shape to produce a tailored tube. In addition, a steel plate having a width of 199.4 mm, a thickness of 1.6 mm, a length of 250 mm, and a tensile strength of 440 MPa is used as the metal plate 5a, and a width of 199.4 mm, a thickness of 2.0 mm, a length of 250 mm, as the metal plate 5b, A steel plate having a tensile strength of 590 MPa was used. That is, the end surface of the steel plate 5a and the end surface of the steel plate 5b are brought into contact with each other, and the metal plate welded portion 6 is welded by laser welding to produce a tailored blank having a width of 199.4 mm and a length of 500 mm. Part 7 was welded by electric resistance welding. The obtained tailored tube had an outer diameter of 63.5 mm and a length of 500 mm.
[0016]
Moreover, as Comparative Example 2, as shown in FIG. 3, tailored tubes were manufactured using the same ERW steel pipes 1a and 1b as the invention examples. That is, the end face of the ERW steel pipe 1a and the end face of the ERW steel pipe 1b were brought into contact with each other and the metal pipe welded portion 3 was welded by laser welding to produce a tailored tube having an outer diameter of 63.5 mm and a length of 500 mm.
For the inventive example and comparative examples 1 and 2, 100 tailored tubes were manufactured. For the inventive example and comparative example 2, the metal tube welded portion 3 and the seam portion 7 were visually observed. The welded portion 6 and the seam portion 7 were visually observed to investigate the presence or absence of poor welding. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the thing which produced defects, such as the through-hole which can be confirmed visually, was made into a defect here, and the thing in which the defect did not generate | occur | produced was evaluated as a pass.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004025263
[0018]
As apparent from Table 1, in the inventive example, there was no defect in each welded portion, whereas in Comparative Example 1, there were 29 defects, and in Comparative Example 2, there were 67 defects.
Next, HF processing was performed using a tailored tube that passed the visual inspection of the metal tube welded portion 3, the metal plate welded portion 6, or the seam portion 7. In the HF processing, a mold having a tube expansion rate of 30% and a tube expansion portion length of 127 mm was used, and a molding internal pressure was applied while pressing the shaft. After HF processing, for the inventive example and the comparative example 2, the metal pipe welded portion 3 and the seam portion 7 are visually observed, and for the comparative example 1, the metal plate welded portion 6 and the seam portion 7 are visually observed. The presence or absence of peeling of the weld was investigated. The results are shown in Table 2. In addition, the thing in which peeling of each welding part produced here was set as the defect, and the thing in which peeling has not generate | occur | produced was evaluated as a pass.
[0019]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004025263
[0020]
As is clear from Table 2, in the invention example, all 100 pieces passed (that is, there was no peeling of each welded portion), whereas in Comparative Example 1, the number passed was 52, and the number passed in Comparative Example 2 Was zero.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a tailored tube suitable for HF processing and bending press processing with improved bonding strength can be produced by simple means. Moreover, it can be applied not only to an electric sewing pipe but also to a seamless pipe.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a method for producing a tailored tube of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example of a conventional method for manufacturing a tailored tube.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing another example of a conventional method for producing a tailored tube.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Metal pipe 1b Metal pipe 2 Pipe axis 3 Metal pipe weld part 4 Plastic flow part 5a Metal plate 5b Metal plate 6 Metal plate weld part 7 Seam part

Claims (4)

外径が同一で強度および/または厚さが異なる金属管の端面を突き合わせて溶接した溶接部を有するテイラードチューブであって、前記溶接部近傍に塑性流動部を有することを特徴とするテイラードチューブ。A tailored tube having a welded portion in which end faces of metal pipes having the same outer diameter and different strength and / or thickness are welded to each other and having a plastic flow portion in the vicinity of the welded portion. 前記溶接がレーザ溶接であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のテイラードチューブ。The tailored tube according to claim 1, wherein the welding is laser welding. 外径が同一で強度および/または厚さが異なる金属管の端面を突き合わせて溶接するテイラードチューブの製造方法において、金属管の管軸が互いに一致するように端面を突き合わせ、前記管軸を中心にして金属管を回転させて管端部に塑性流動が生じた後、 前記回転を停止して溶接を行なうことを特徴とするテイラードチューブの製造方法。In a method for manufacturing a tailored tube in which the end surfaces of metal tubes having the same outer diameter and different strength and / or thickness are butted and welded, the end surfaces are butted so that the tube axes of the metal tubes coincide with each other, and the tube axis is the center. Then, after the metal pipe is rotated and plastic flow occurs at the end of the pipe, the rotation is stopped and welding is performed. 前記溶接がレーザ溶接であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のテイラードチューブの製造方法。The method for manufacturing a tailored tube according to claim 3, wherein the welding is laser welding.
JP2002187085A 2002-06-27 2002-06-27 Tailored tube and method for manufacturing the same Pending JP2004025263A (en)

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