JP2004016065A - Plant-loading raft - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant-loading raft which can eliminate a reversing phenomenon that nutrients dissolved from nutrients accumulated in plants in water are more than nutrients adsorbed in the loaded plants. <P>SOLUTION: This plant-loading raft is characterized by comprising floats 10 floated on water and a box-like structure connected to the floats and made by surrounding a frame 21 with a net and using a low temperature-calcined easily decomposable ceramic as a cultivation bed 40 charged in the box-like structure. Rings 13 are attached to the floats 10, and rings 24 are also attached to the box-like structure 20. The rings can easily be connected to each other through connection rods 30 and disconnected. Thereby, the nutrients accumulated in the plants in the cultivation bed can easily and surely be returned to paddy fields or upland fields as organic fertilizers. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a plant-mounted raft body capable of cultivating a plant on a water surface such as a lake or the like, on which the cultivation floor is improved, and such that it can be easily separated from a floating body. To a plant mounted raft.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, eutrophication of lakes and dams, which serve as water sources for waterworks, has been progressing worldwide due to water pollution, and effective measures against such eutrophication include cultivating plants to ensure that It is already known from many literatures that nitrogen and phosphorus are absorbed.
[0003]
Conventionally, as such a raft for plant cultivation, for example, a raft is fixed thereon using buoyancy by a drum can, and a box for plant cultivation is fixed thereon to cultivate plants such as papyrus and kenaf. Some of the materials having a large buoyancy utilize styrene foam. However, the present inventors have already known in Japanese Patent No. 3198274 in order to solve the problems of the prior art such as securing sufficient buoyancy and overturning due to loss of balance due to the growth of plants. As a result, the LPG gas cylinder, which is a pressure vessel for LPG gas, which has been widely used as a fuel for households in recent years, can be used for a long time, and the container to be discarded can be reused. Has been proposed, and furthermore, a plant cultivation raft capable of adjusting its buoyancy has been proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Floating a raft for loading plants on the polluted water surface to absorb nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the water using the loaded plants, grow the plants, and use them as socially useful resources by harvesting the plants. In a recycling-based society, which has been strongly desired in recent years, it is a useful technology that helps to secure the safety of water sources such as water supply by forming its water system route. The present inventor has proposed the above-mentioned plant cultivation raft, and at the same time, actually continued the experiment on the water surface and observed the actual condition in detail, and measured the water quality obtained thereby, and these The present invention has been completed to overcome the problematic phenomena found from the above.
[0005]
In other words, kenaf is cultivated on a plant-mounted raft, and then harvested after the peak period of October, and is used as a useful resource. In this case, the stem remaining on the cultivation floor on the raft and the stem remains on the raft. For example, the weight ratio with respect to the root leaves reaches 55%: 45%, and when the cultivation is continued for several years, nutrients are accumulated on the cultivation floor. Therefore, a so-called reversal phenomenon was observed, in which the rate at which the nutrients accumulated by the plants mounted on the raft eluted into the water became larger than the nutrients in the water absorbed by the mounted plants.
[0006]
Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, it is necessary to replace the cultivation bed mounted on the raft, but at this time, it is useful to utilize the cultivation bed in which this nutrient is accumulated as an organic fertilizer. Although it is strongly desired from the viewpoint of effective utilization of resources, specific measures are required for that purpose.
[0007]
That is, the present invention is based on the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and further based on the continuation of many years of experiments by the inventor and detailed observation of the actual condition, and more specifically, when nutrients are accumulated. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plant-mounted raft having a cultivation floor that can be replaced and that can effectively use accumulated nutrients as organic fertilizer for fields. Another object of the present invention is to provide a plant-mounted raft having a cultivation floor capable of easily performing the replacement work.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, first, a plant-mounted raft that provides a cultivation floor for plant cultivation on the water, a floating body floating on the surface of the water, and connected to the floating body, and , Consisting of a box-shaped structure surrounded by a net around the perimeter, as a cultivation floor filled inside the box-shaped structure surrounded by the net, for plant mounting using a decomposable ceramic fired at a low temperature. A raft body is provided. In other words, by using degradable ceramics that are fired at a low temperature as a filler for the cultivation floor, if the accumulated nutrients on the cultivation floor of the plant-mounted raft are used as organic fertilizer, it is necessary to prevent the damage of the large gravel on the fields in advance. Becomes possible.
[0009]
Further, according to the present invention, the plant-mounted raft described above, wherein a detachable connecting member is provided on a part of the box-shaped structure, and the plant-mounted raft is detachable from the floating body. There is further provided a plant-mounted raft in which the raft body is further mounted on a rib-like structure connected to the bottom of the floating body with the box-shaped structure. Is separated from the floating body to facilitate replacement of the cultivation floor.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, FIG. 1 illustrates a plant-mounted raft according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is floated on a polluted water surface containing a large amount of eutrophic components, such as a lake or a dam. FIG. 2 is a top view of the plant-mounted raft.
[0011]
As is clear from these figures, the plant-mounted raft according to the present invention forms a floating part by arranging a plurality (four in this example) of floating bodies 10 floating on the water surface by buoyancy in a predetermined shape. are doing. In this example, two floating bodies 10 are connected together at a time, and two connected bodies are arranged in parallel with a predetermined distance between them, whereby two floating bodies 10 are arranged in parallel. This is a structure in which a box-like structure, which will be described in detail later, is arranged between the floating bodies. The structure of the floating body is not limited to the above example. For example, the floating bodies 10 may be arranged so as to surround the box-shaped structure.
[0012]
Here, each floating body 10 uses, for example, a conventional polystyrene foam, or may be configured using a drum or the like. In addition, in particular, as proposed by the present inventors in Japanese Patent No. 3198274, LPG gas, which is a pressure vessel for enclosing and supplying LPG gas as fuel for domestic use, is scheduled to be disposed of. It is preferable to use the cylinder because it is possible to realize a floating body part which has excellent durability, is stable even on water, and whose buoyancy can be adjusted.
[0013]
Further, on the outer periphery of each of the above-mentioned floating bodies 10, a so-called suspension ring 13, which is a means for collecting these floating bodies one by one or connecting them to a box-like structure described in detail later, Appropriately fitted, allowing easy replacement of new cultivation ceramics.
[0014]
Next, the box-shaped structure of the plant-mounted raft connected to the floating part formed from the floating bodies 10 and held on the water surface is shown in the attached FIGS. 3 (A) to 3 (C). This will be described with reference to the front, bottom, and side views. As is clear from these figures, the box-shaped structure 20 includes a frame 21 constructed by assembling wood or welding a steel frame or the like into a rectangular box frame by welding or the like. A box 22 made of a fine mesh net 22 surrounding the bottom and side surfaces of the frame 21, that is, opening only the upper surface thereof, or a box made of a punched metal sheet ( Box). Reference numeral 23 in the figure is, for example, a reinforcing member provided for reinforcement at the bottom of the frame body 21, or may also serve as a connector with a rib-like structure described in detail below. Such a reinforcing member is not limited to the bottom portion, and may be further provided on a side surface portion or the like as needed.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a plurality (four in this example) of suspension rings 24 are attached to the upper portion of the box-shaped structure 20. That is, the box-shaped structure 20 is connected to an appropriate number of the floating bodies 10 constituting the floating body portion by using the suspension rings 24. In the present embodiment, for example, the connecting rods 30 can be connected to each other by penetrating the suspension rings 13 of the floating body 10 and the suspension rings 24 of the box-shaped structure 20. . Further, according to such a connection structure, the box-shaped structure 20 can be easily separated from the floating body 10 by pulling out the connection rods 30 from the suspension rings 13 and 24.
[0016]
In addition, FIGS. 4A to 4C and FIG. 5 show a so-called rib-like structure instead of the above-described connection structure, and the rib-like structure is apparent from the drawings. As described above, the plurality of (four in this example) rib-shaped members 51 are connected to the bottom of the floating bodies 10. In this figure, reference numeral 52 denotes an upper plate for holding the floating body 10 between the rib-like member 51 and fixing them, and these are connecting members such as bolts and nuts 55. The use has been fixed. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4A. That is, as is clear from the above, in the plant-mounted raft using this rib-like structure, the above-mentioned rib-like structure connected to the bottom of the floating body is stretched with a net around it. A box-like structure 20 is placed. As described above, by providing the rib-like structure at the bottom of the floating body and using the structure in which the box-like structure 20 is placed thereon, the above-mentioned box-like structure 20 can be easily replaced. It is possible.
[0017]
Then, the inside of the box-shaped structure 20 around which the net 22 is stretched is filled with a cultivation floor 40, on which cultivation of plants such as papyrus and kenaf is performed. To ensure that nitrogen and phosphorus are absorbed from the water of lakes and dams, which are the water sources of waterworks that are undergoing eutrophication due to water pollution, and that these are effective measures against eutrophication as described above. The same is true. In the present invention, as the plant cultivation floor 40, a low-temperature fired degradable ceramic fired to a size that does not pass through the mesh of the net 22 constituting the periphery of the box-shaped structure 20. Is used.
[0018]
As described above, the use of the low-temperature firing degradable ceramic as the cultivation floor 40 filled in the box-shaped structure 20 has the following effects. That is, as described above, if cultivation of kenaf is continued for several years, nutrients will accumulate on the cultivation bed, and therefore, the nutrients accumulated by the plants rather than the nutrients in water absorbed by the mounted plants will be increased. A so-called reversal phenomenon occurs in which the rate of elution into water increases. However, in this case, it is conceivable to effectively utilize the nutrients accumulated by replacing the cultivation floor 40 as organic fertilizer for the fields, but when the cultivation floor of the conventional plant-mounted raft is given to the fields. However, a large amount of fired material contained therein may cause damage to the gravel. Therefore, by using a decomposable ceramic that is fired at a low temperature as the cultivation floor 40 filled in the box-shaped structure 20, even when the cultivation floor 40 is given to a field as an organic fertilizer, the temperature is low. Since the fired ceramic is easily decomposed by freezing or the like, the damage of the gravel on the fields is prevented in advance.
[0019]
Further, as described above, when replacing the cultivation floor 40 in which nutrients are accumulated, for example, together with the floating bodies 10 to which the box-shaped structures 20 are connected, the floating bodies 10 are moved to a shallow water near the land, where they are penetrated. By pulling out the connecting rods 30 connected from the suspension rings 13 and 24, the box-shaped structure 20 can be easily separated from the floating body 10. Therefore, it is possible to easily replace the cultivation floor 40 inside the box-shaped structure 20 as a unit. Alternatively, the box-like structure 20 can be easily replaced by pulling it upward from the rib-like structure at the bottom of the floating body using, for example, a suspension ring.
[0020]
In the above embodiment, an example is described in which the suspension rings 13 and 24 and the connection rod 30 are used as the connection means between the box-shaped structure 20 and the floating body 10. The structure is not limited thereto, and any other structure may be used as long as it can detachably connect the box-shaped structure 20 and the floating body 10. For example, the rib-shaped structure at the bottom of the floating body or the above-described chain or rope can be used. It can be used.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the plant-mounted raft according to the present invention, the accumulation of nutrients by the plant in the cultivation floor, which occurs as a result of cultivating the plant on the cultivation floor mounted thereon. Is to be easily and reliably returned to the fields as organic fertilizers for effective use, thereby making the prevention of water pollution by plant cultivation on polluted water more feasible. And also has excellent technical effects.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an overall configuration of a plant-mounted raft according to an embodiment of the present invention in a state where it is floating on the surface of a lake.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the plant-mounted raft according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view, a side view, and a bottom view showing a detailed structure of a box-shaped structure used in the plant-mounted raft.
FIG. 4 is a top view, a side view, and a bottom view showing a detailed structure of a rib-like structure used in the plant-mounted raft according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Floating body 13 ... Suspension ring 20 ... Box-shaped structure 21 ... Frame 22 ... Net 24 ... Suspension ring 30 ... Connecting rod 40 ... Cultivation floor 51 ... Ribular member 52 ... Top plate 55 ... Coupling member (bolt and nut)

Claims (3)

A plant-mounted raft for providing a cultivation floor for plant cultivation on water, a floating body portion floating on the surface of water, and a box-shaped structure connected to the floating body portion and surrounded by a net. A raft for mounting on a plant, wherein a low-temperature firing degradable ceramic is used as a cultivation floor filled in a box-shaped structure surrounded by the net. The plant-mounted raft according to claim 1, wherein a detachable connecting member is provided on a part of the box-shaped structure so as to be detachable from the floating body. Raft body. The plant-mounted raft according to claim 1, wherein the box-shaped structure is placed on a rib-shaped structure connected to a bottom of the floating body. Raft for mounting.

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