JP2004010729A - Water-soluble oil for metal working - Google Patents

Water-soluble oil for metal working Download PDF

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JP2004010729A
JP2004010729A JP2002164843A JP2002164843A JP2004010729A JP 2004010729 A JP2004010729 A JP 2004010729A JP 2002164843 A JP2002164843 A JP 2002164843A JP 2002164843 A JP2002164843 A JP 2002164843A JP 2004010729 A JP2004010729 A JP 2004010729A
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water
oil
general formula
weight
soluble
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JP3975342B2 (en
Inventor
Einosuke Jiyoudo
浄土 栄之助
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SANSAI KAKO KK
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SANSAI KAKO KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-soluble oil for metal working, having excellent lubricating properties, economical because of having resistance to decay, and extremely suitable as rolling oil, forging oil, press oil, drawing oil, cutting oil and grinding oil. <P>SOLUTION: The water-soluble oil for the metal working comprises (A) a sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula: RSR<SP>1</SP>COOH [R is a 6-20C alkyl group or a cyclohexyl group; R<SP>1</SP>is a 1-3C alkylene group], (B) a benzothiazole compound such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, (C) an excess amount of a basic material based on the total number of moles of the sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid and the benzothiazole compound, and (D) water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は水溶性金属加工油に関し、より詳しくは、塑性加工すなわち圧延油、鍛造油、プレス油、引き抜き油、切削油、研削油などの金属加工油に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年の塑性加工すなわち圧延、鍛造、プレス、引き抜き、切削、研削などの金属加工において自動化や高速加工化が行われる中、鉱物油や動植物油をベースとした金属加工油は、引火性の問題、加工後の加工油の洗浄除去に石油系溶剤やアルカリ脱脂を用いなくてはならない等の観点から、水溶性金属加工油が注目をあびるようになった。
【0003】
水溶性加工油は、鉱物油や植物油、動物油、合成エステルなどを界面活性剤で乳化した油剤を水に希釈したものが使用されていた。これらの加工油は、油を活性剤によりエマルジョンとし、その粒径が大きく白濁して見えるものがエマルジョン型、粒径が小さく透明に見えるものがソリュブル型と呼ばれている。しかし、これらの油剤は乳化および可溶化させる為の界面活性剤を多く含有しているため、機械から混入してくる作動油や摺動油を乳化して加工液の劣化腐敗、スラッジの発生や機械汚れを生じていた。
【0004】
そこで混入してくる作動油や摺動油などのオイルの分離性が良いソリューション型の加工液が開発されてきている。しかしこれまでのソリューション型はオイル分離性は良いが、エマルション型やソリュブル型に比べ潤滑性が乏しく、加工性能が劣るという欠点を有している。また、油分が含まれないことから防錆能力に劣る等の欠点もある。
【0005】
潤滑性の向上には、焼付き防止のため極圧添加剤として塩素や硫黄を含有する化合物が効果があるとされている。かかる極圧添加剤として、通常、塩素化パラフィンや硫化油脂やポリサルファイドなどが使用されるが、いずれも水には溶けないために、水溶性の加工油剤には使用できない。塩素系のものは、ダイオキシンやオゾン層破壊などの環境汚染の問題から今後開発される加工油剤には使用し難い。
【0006】
そこで硫黄を有する水溶性の潤滑剤が多く開発されてきている。たとえば、特開平5−43886では、スルフィド結合含有カルボン酸の水溶性塩を極圧添加剤として使用する水溶性金属加工油が開示されているが、スルフィド結合含有カルボン酸のアルカリ金属塩だけでは、簡単なプレス成形、切削や伸線は可能であるが、重プレス、重切削や引き抜きなどの難加工には、耐荷重能に劣り、焼付きや融着により金型や工具の寿命が短くなる。
【0007】
また、特開平10−60468には、ベンゾチアゾール環を有する化合物とポリエーテルとを含有する水溶性金属加工油が記載されているが、2−メルカプトベンゾチアゾール等のベンゾチアゾール環を有する化合物だけでは、油性効果に劣り、摩擦係数が上がってしまうため、摩擦係数を一定に保つことにより加工する複雑な形状、構造を有するもの加工には不向きである。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、耐荷重能や油性効果などの潤滑性、特に摩擦・摩耗の低減能に優れ、防錆能力を有し、耐腐敗性が良好である水溶性金属加工油を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、潤滑性能、特に摩擦・摩耗の低減性能に優れ、防錆能力を有し、耐腐敗性が良好である水溶性金属加工油について鋭意研究した。その結果、 (A)特定のスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸、(B)特定のベンゾチアゾール化合物及び(C)塩基性物質を用いることにより、相乗作用が発揮されて、潤滑性、特に摩擦係数及び摩耗の低減性能が、(A)成分単独と(C)塩基性物質とを含有する水溶性金属加工油、又は、(B)成分単独と(C)塩基性物質を含有する水溶性金属加工油に比べて著しく優れ、しかも防錆油、作動油や摺動油などとのオイル分離性が良好であることを見い出した。さらに、上記(A)成分、(B)成分及び(C)成分の組み合わせが防錆能力及び耐腐敗性の点でも良好であることも見出した。
【0010】
本発明は、これらの知見に基づき、更に検討を重ねて完成されたものであり、次の水溶性金属加工油を提供するものである。
【0011】
項1 (A)一般式(1)
RSRCOOH     (1)
[式中、Rは炭素数6〜20のアルキル基またはシクロヘキシル基を示し、Rは炭素数1〜3のアルキレン基を示す。]
で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸、
(B)一般式(2)
【0012】
【化2】

Figure 2004010729
【0013】
[式中、Xは水素原子又は基−(CHCOOH(nは1又は2を示す)を示す。]で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物、及び
(C)上記一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸及び一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物の合計モル数に対して過剰量の塩基性物質、及び
(D)水
を含有することを特徴とする水溶性金属加工油。
【0014】
項2 (A)一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して0.2〜30重量%、
(B)一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して0.02〜5重量%、
(C)塩基性物質を、上記一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸及び一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物の合計1モルに対して1.05当量以上に相当する量であって、且つ、水溶性金属加工油全量に対して0.02〜20重量%、及び
(D)水を20〜98重量%
含有する上記項1に記載の水溶性金属加工油。
【0015】
項3 (A)一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して4〜20重量%、
(B)一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して1〜10重量%、
(C)塩基性物質を、上記一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸及び一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物の合計1モルに対して1.05〜10当量に相当する量であって、且つ、水溶性金属加工油全量に対して5〜20重量%、及び
(D)水を50〜80重量%
含有する上記項1に記載の水溶性金属加工油。
【0016】
項4 プレス油である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水溶性金属加工油。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
スルフィド結合含有カルボン酸
本発明では、上記のように、上記一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸を使用する。上記一般式(1)において、Rで示される炭素数6〜20のアルキル基としては、例えば、ヘキシル、へプチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル、ウンデシル、ドデシル、テトラデシル、ヘキサデシル、オクタデシル、エイコシル等が例示される。なかでも、炭素数8〜16、特に8〜12のアルキル基が好ましい。
【0018】
また、Rで示されるアルキレン基としては、メチレン、エチレン、メチルエチレン、トリメチレン基等が例示され、特にエチレン基が好ましい。
【0019】
上記一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸は、C−C20アルキルチオ−酢酸、C−C20アルキルチオ−2−メチル−プロピオン酸、C−C20アルキルチオ−プロピオン酸、C−C20アルキルチオ−酪酸、シクロヘキシルチオ−酢酸、シクロヘキシルチオ−2−メチル−プロピオン酸、シクロヘキシルチオ−プロピオン酸、シクロヘキシルチオ−酪酸等の硫黄原子含有有機酸である。
【0020】
このような酸の中でも、特に、オクチルチオ−酢酸、ドデシルチオ−酢酸、オクチルチオ−酢酸、オクチルチオ−プロピオン酸、ラウリルチオ−プロピオン酸、オクタデシルチオ−プロピオン酸、シクロヘキシルチオ−プロピオン酸、オクチルチオ−2−メチルプロピオン酸、ラウリルチオ−2−メチルプロピオン酸などが好ましいものとして例示される。
【0021】
上記一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸は、極圧添加剤として公知の化合物であり、公知の方法に従いメルカプト基とカルボキシル基を1個ずつ含む化合物、すなわちチオグリコール酸、メルカプトプロピオン酸、メルカプト−2−プロピオン酸、メルカプト酪酸と、適当な分子量、構造を有するオレフィンまたはシクロへキセンとを、過酸化物触媒の存在下で付加することにより、容易に製造できる。
【0022】
ベンゾチアゾール化合物
本発明で(B)成分として使用する一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物は、2−メルカプトベンゾチアゾール(X=H)、(2−ベンゾチアゾリルチオ)酢酸、3−(2−ベンゾチアゾリルチオ)プロピオン酸である。これら化合物は、公知の化合物である。
【0023】
塩基性物質
本発明で(C)成分として使用する塩基性物質は、上記(A)成分及び(B)成分と水中で混合した場合に、水溶性塩を形成し、これら(A)成分及び(B)成分を水溶性にし得るアルカリ性物質である。
【0024】
上記水溶性塩は、上記一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸の水溶性塩及び一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物の水溶性塩であって、室温での水への溶解度が少なくとも0.01%、好ましくは少なくとも0.1%である塩を意味する。
【0025】
塩基性物質(C)としては、水中で前記成分(A)及び成分(B)と上記水溶性塩を形成し得るものであれば特に限定されることなく広い範囲のものが使用できるが、特に、有機窒素含有化合物、アンモニア、アルカリ金属含有物質等を好ましいものとして例示できる。
【0026】
有機窒素含有化合物としては、モノ(C2−C4アルキル)アミン、ジ(C2−C3アルキル)アミン、モノシクロヘキシルアミン、ジシクロヘキシルアミンなどのモノアミン類;エチレンジアミン、テトラメチレンジアミンやN−エチルエチレンジアミンなどの1〜4個のC1−C4アルキル基で置換されていてもよいジアミン類(特にC2−C6アルキレンジアミン);、アルカノールアミン類、例えば、モノ(C2−C3アルカノール)アミン、ジ(C2−C3アルカノール)アミン、トリ(C2−C3アルカノール)アミン、(C2−C3アルキル)ジ(C2−C3アルカノール)アミン、(シクロヘキシル)モノ(C2−C3アルカノール)アミン、(シクロヘキシル)ジ(C2−C3アルカノール)アミン等;テトラアルカノールジアミン類、例えば、N,N,N’,N’−テトラキス(C2−C3ヒドロキシアルキル)エチレンジアミン等がある。
【0027】
これらのうちでも、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、モノイソプロパノールアミン、ジイソプロパノールアミン、トリイソプロパノールアミン、メチルジエタノールアミン、エチルジエタノールアミン、ブチルジエタノールアミン、シクロヘキシルジエタノールアミン、N,N,N’,N’−テトラキス(2−ヒドロキシプロピル)エチレンジアミンなどを用いるのが特に有利である。
【0028】
また、アルカリ金属含有物質としては、Na、Kなどのアルカリ金属の酸化物、水酸化物、炭酸塩等が挙げられる。
【0029】
水溶性金属加工油
本発明の水溶性金属加工油は、水をベースとし、(A)一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸、(B)一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物及び(C)上記塩基性物質の3者を必須成分として使用することにより、防錆効果、防腐効果に優れるのみならず、耐荷重能が相乗的に著しく向上するという予想外の効果を奏するものである。
【0030】
上記(A)成分である一般式(1)で示されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸の使用量は、広い範囲から適宜選択できるが、一般には、本発明の水溶性金属加工油に対して、0.2〜30重量%、好ましくは0.5〜25重量%、更に好ましくは1〜20重量%となるように使用するのが有利である。
【0031】
上記(B)成分である一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物の使用量も、広い範囲から適宜選択できるが、一般には、本発明の水溶性金属加工油に対して、0.02〜5重量%、好ましくは0.05〜2重量%、更に好ましくは0.1〜1重量%となるように使用するのが有利である。
【0032】
上記(C)成分である塩基性物質の使用量は、上記(A)成分及び(B)成分の合計モル数に対して過剰量、特に、上記(A)成分及び(B)成分である酸を水中で中和して水溶性塩とするに足りる量以上で使用すると共に、本発明の水溶性金属加工油に対して、0.02〜20重量%、好ましくは0.1〜10重量%、更に好ましくは0.5〜5重量%の範囲となるように使用するのが有利である。
【0033】
上記(A)成分及び(B)成分である酸を水中で中和して水溶性塩とするに足りる(C)成分の量は、上記(A)成分及び(B)成分の種類等によっても異なるが、一般には、本発明の(A)成分及び(B)成分の合計モル数に対して過剰量、特に本発明の(A)成分及び(B)成分の合計1モルに対して、1.05当量以上、好ましくは1.05〜10当量、より好ましくは1.05〜5当量使用すればよい。
【0034】
本発明の水溶性金属加工油において、(D)成分である水の量は、広い範囲から適宜選択できるが、一般には、本発明の水溶性金属加工油組成物に対して、20〜98重量%、好ましくは30〜95重量%、更に好ましくは50〜90重量%となるように使用するのが有利である。
【0035】
以上の(A)〜(D)成分の上記組成範囲を、以下「基本組成範囲」という。
【0036】
特に、本発明では、
(A)一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して4〜20重量%、
(B)一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して1〜10重量%、
(C)塩基性物質を、本発明の(A)成分及び(B)成分の合計1モルに対して1.05〜10当量に相当する量であって、且つ、水溶性金属加工油全量に対して5〜20重量%及び
(D)水を50〜80重量%
含有する水溶性金属加工油を原液として使用するのが好ましい。
【0037】
かかる原液は、そのまま使用してもよく、あるいは、上記(A)〜(D)成分が各々上記基本組成内の配合割合となるように水で1.2〜50重量倍、好ましくは5〜30重量倍、より好ましくは10〜20重量倍の範囲で希釈し、使用目的に合わせた適当な組成で使用してもよい。
【0038】
本発明の水溶性金属加工油においては、必要に応じて、さらに加工性能を向上させる為に一般的な水溶性金属加工油に使用される他の各種添加剤と共に用いることも可能である。そのような添加剤として代表的なものは、水溶性金属加工油剤の潤滑効果を高めるための油性剤、腐食あるいは発錆を防止するための防錆剤、細菌の増殖あるいは腐食を防止するための殺菌剤、消泡剤などがある。
【0039】
このような水溶性金属加工油剤の潤滑効果を高めるための油性剤としては、オレイン酸、リシノール酸、ステアリン酸、リシノール酸重縮合物などの脂肪酸のアミン塩、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリエチレンポリプロピレングリコールなどのポリアルキレングリコールなどがある。このような油性剤は、使用する場合、目的とする水溶性金属加工油中に0.02〜30重量%程度、特に1〜10重量%程度の割合で添加するのが好ましい。
【0040】
上記腐食あるいは発錆を防止するための防錆剤としては、ターシャリーブチル安息香酸、カプリル酸、カプロン酸、カプリン酸、2−エチルヘキシル酸、イソノナン酸、オレイン酸、リシノレイン酸などの一塩基性有機酸、あるいはアジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバチン酸、ドデカン二酸などの二塩基性有機酸の水溶性アミン塩などがある。かかる防錆剤は、使用する場合、目的とする水溶性金属加工油中に1.0〜5重量%程度、特に0.02〜1重量%程度の割合で添加するのが好ましい。
【0041】
また、殺菌剤としては、トリアジン、1,2−ペンゾイソチアゾリン−3−オン、5−クロロ−2−メチル−4−イソチアゾリン−3−オンなどがある。殺菌剤は、使用する場合、目的とする水溶性金属加工油中に0.5〜1重量%程度、特に 0.01〜0.1重量%程度の割合で添加するのが好ましい。
【0042】
更に、消泡剤としては、シリコン系消泡剤等が挙げられる。消泡剤は、使用する場合、目的とする水溶性金属加工油中に0.01〜5重量%程度、特に0.01
〜1.0重量%程度の割合で添加されるのが好ましい。
【0043】
本発明の水溶性金属加工油は、前記(A)成分、(B)成分、(C)成分及び必要に応じて使用される前記添加剤を、前記所定の配合量となるように、水と混合することにより製造される。前記(A)成分、(B)成分、(C)成分及び必要に応じて使用される前記添加剤の添加順序は特に制限されず、どのような添加順序でもよい。
【0044】
本発明の金属加工油が使用できる金属としては、広い範囲の金属が挙げられるが、特に、鋼、鉄、アルミニウム、真鍮、銅、亜鉛、ステンレス鋼等の加工において使用するのが好ましい。
【0045】
本発明の水溶性金属加工油は、塑性加工すなわち圧延油、鍛造油、プレス油、引き抜き油、切削油、研削油などの金属加工油として有用であり、特に、プレス油等の用途に好適に使用できる。
【0046】
【実施例】
以下に実施例及び比較例を掲げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。なお実施例中の「%」は「重量%」を表すものとする。
【0047】
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜5
表1に記載の各成分を表1に記載の量で使用し、均一に混合して本発明の水溶性金属加工油(実施例1〜4)及び比較のための水溶性金属加工油(比較例1〜5)を調製した。混合の順序は任意である。混合の間は液温を60〜70℃に保った。
【0048】
表1における成分の略号は次の意味を有する。
(A)成分
LTPA:ラウリルチオ−プロピオン酸
OTPA:オクチルチオ−プロピオン酸
(B)成分
2−MBT:2−メルカプトベンゾチアゾール
(C)成分
MEA:モノエタノールアミン
TEA:トリエタノールアミン
MIPA:モノイソプロパノールアミン
CHDA:シクロヘキシルジエタノールアミン
THPE:N,N,N’,N’−テトラキス(2−ヒドロキシプロピル)エチレンジアミン、商品名「アデカポリエーテルEDP−300」、旭電化(株)製)。
【0049】
また、表1中の「ポリマー界面活性剤」は、平均分子量約1000のポリエチレングリコールに、エチレンオキサイドとプロピレンオキサイド4:6のブロック共重合体を付加して得られた平均分子量約2500のノニオン性ポリマー界面活性剤である。
【0050】
尚、各比較例の組成物は、次のような組成物である。
比較例1の組成物は、市販のエマルジョン系金属加工油と同等の配合を有する。比較例2の組成物は、脂肪酸を主体とするエマルジョン系の配合を有する。
比較例3の組成物は、特開平10−60468の一般的記載に従って作成された配合を使用した組成物である。
【0051】
比較例4の組成物は、特開平5−43886号に記載のように一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸を使用しているが、本発明の(B)成分である2‐メルカプトベンゾチアゾールを使用していない配合である。
【0052】
比較例5の組成物も、特開平5−43886号に記載のように一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸及びポリエーテルや一般の添加剤などを含有するが、本発明の(B)成分である2‐メルカプトベンゾチアゾールを使用していない配合である。
【0053】
【表1】
Figure 2004010729
【0054】
試験例1 摩擦摩耗試験
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜5で得た組成物(原液)を、水道水で20重量倍に希釈して試験液を調製した。
【0055】
摩擦摩耗試験機を用いて、摩擦摩耗試験を行った。摩擦摩耗試験機としては、摩擦摩耗試験機(神鋼造機(株)製、商品名「トライボット」)を使用した。この装置は、SHELL式高速四球試験機と同等の規格に則ったものであり、曽田式四球試験法も行うことができる試験機である。この装置の原理は、ピラミッド状に組み合わせた四つの試験球(1/2ベアリングボール)のうち、底辺の3球は固定し、該3球上で回転球を回転させながら、下から荷重をかけていき、固定球と回転球の接点の摩擦係数から、耐荷重能(初期焼付荷重、融着荷重)及び油性特性(平均摩擦係数)を測定するものである。
【0056】
測定条件は、次の通りである。回転速度は220rpmで一定とし、荷重は314Nから9809Nに至るまで連続的に60分をかけて増加させ、摩擦係数が0.2を超えた時点で初期焼付荷重とした。また、摩擦係数が0.5を超えた時点で機械を非常停止させるように設定し、非常停止した時点の荷重を融着荷重と設定した。
【0057】
結果を表2に示す。初期焼付荷重、融着荷重の値が大きいほど、耐荷重能に優れている。平均摩擦係数が小さいほど油性効果に優れている。
【0058】
【表2】
Figure 2004010729
【0059】
初期焼付は金属間の摩擦緩和膜が部分的に切れ、かじりが起こる時に生じる。すなわち、初期焼付荷重が高い程、かじりの起こる荷重が高いことを示す。また、かじりは型の寿命を短くするので長期使用においては初期焼付荷重が高いほど寿命が長い。融着荷重は、摩擦緩和膜が完全に切れてしまい金属同士の融着が起こる。この時点では型に加工する金属が融着してしまい型を成形しなおさないと次の成形が不可能になることがある。
【0060】
本発明、すなわち実施例1〜4の金属加工油は、比較例1、3、4、5の金属加工油に比べ、初期焼付荷重が大きいので型の寿命が長くなることわかる。また比較例2の金属加工油を使用する場合は、初期焼付き荷重と共に融着が起こることから、他のものに比べ型の修正を頻繁に行う必要が出てくる。
【0061】
また、プレス加工、伸線、鍛造などの塑性加工では摩擦係数のコントロールができないと加工精度に狂いが生じてしまう。摩擦係数が低いものは機械の圧力コントロールで調整できるが高いものは低くできない特徴がある。すなわち、実施例1〜4の金属加工油のように平均して低い摩擦係数を有することが塑性加工には最適とされる。この観点から、本発明の実施例1〜4の金属加工油は、比較例の金属加工油に比し、優れている。
【0062】
試験例2 腐敗試験
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜5で得た組成物を水道水で40重量倍に希釈して試験液を得た。試験液に、鋳鉄切屑200g、市販摺動油300ml及びエマルジョン腐敗液(菌数=1×10個/mlの腐敗したエマルジョン型水溶性金属加工油)  1mlを添加した。次いで、30℃雰囲気内で循環ポンプを用いて試験液を循環させ、菌の増殖傾向及びpHの推移にて防腐性を比較した。結果を表3に示す。表3において、菌数は試験液1ml当たりの菌数を示している。
【0063】
尚、菌数が1×10個/ml以上となった時点で、菌の飽和状態と判断し、試験を打ち切った。
【0064】
【表3】
Figure 2004010729
【0065】
試験例3 防錆試験
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜5で得た組成物を水道水で20重量倍に希釈して試験液を得た。試験片として、鋳鉄FC−20の板表面をサンドペーパーで研磨し、アセトンで洗浄したものを使用した。試験液をビーカーに入れ、各試験片を全長に亘って、試験液に浸漬する。次いで、試験片を、該ビーカー内の試験液の液面から出た部分(一旦浸漬部分)と試験液に浸漬された部分(浸漬部分)ができるように、ビーカー内に設置した。該ビーカーを密閉し、常温にて30日間保存した。次いで、試験片の発錆面積が1%以下の場合を合格ライン、5%を超す発錆では使用不可能と判断し、何日間発錆がないかを観察した。発錆試験結果を表4に示す。
【0066】
【表4】
Figure 2004010729
【0067】
試験例4 混入油の分離性
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜5で得た組成物を水道水で20重量倍に希釈して試験液を得た。
【0068】
メスシリンダーに試験液50ccを入れ、これにBマシン油10ccを加え、30回ほど上下に攪拌し、30分間静置後の状態を確認した。
【0069】
油分離性は、次の基準で評価した:
◎: 完全に2相に分離
○: 2相に分離するが油層がエマルジョン化
△: 2相に分離するが油層も水層もエマルジョン化
×: 乳化
結果を表5に示す。
【0070】
【表5】
Figure 2004010729
【0071】
上記試験例1〜4の試験結果から次のことが明らかである:
比較例1(市販のエマルジョン型)に比べて、本発明は加工性能(高荷重における摩耗低減)が高く、特に腐敗が低減され、防錆力及び混入油の分離性も向上されていることが判る。
【0072】
比較例2(脂肪酸を中心としたエマルジョン型)に比べて、本発明は加工性能(高荷重における摩耗低減)も高く、特に腐敗が低減され、防錆力及び混入油の分離性も向上されていることが判る。
【0073】
比較例3(特開平10−60468の例)と比較すると、本発明は摩擦係数が低減されており、精密加工が容易になることが判る。
【0074】
比較例4及び5(特開平5−43886の例)と比較すると、本発明は初期焼付きの荷重が大幅に向上し、摩耗が減少されるので型寿命が伸ばされることが判る。
【0075】
【発明の効果】
本発明の水溶性金属加工油は、潤滑性が著しく優れ、かつ、混入してくる潤滑油の分離性(防錆油、作動油や摺動油等のオイルの分離性)が良好であり、耐腐敗性を有しているため経済的であり水溶性の圧延油、鍛造油、プレス油、引き抜き油、切削油、研削油として極めて好適である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to water-soluble metalworking oils, and more particularly, to metalworking oils such as plastic working, ie, rolling oils, forging oils, press oils, drawing oils, cutting oils, and grinding oils.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, while metal processing such as rolling, forging, pressing, drawing, cutting, and grinding has been automated and processed at high speed, metal working oils based on mineral oils and animal and vegetable oils have problems with flammability, Water-soluble metal working oils have come to attract attention from the viewpoint that petroleum solvents and alkali degreasing must be used for washing and removing working oils after working.
[0003]
As the water-soluble processing oil, an oil obtained by emulsifying a mineral oil, a vegetable oil, an animal oil, a synthetic ester, or the like with a surfactant and diluting the same with water has been used. These processing oils are called emulsions in which the oil is made into an emulsion with an activator, and those having a large particle size and appear cloudy are called emulsion types, and those having a small particle size and appearing transparent are called soluble types. However, since these oils contain a large amount of surfactants for emulsification and solubilization, the working oil and sliding oil mixed in from the machine are emulsified to degrade the processing fluid, cause rot and sludge generation. Mechanical stains had occurred.
[0004]
Therefore, a solution type machining fluid having good separability of oil such as working oil and sliding oil mixed therein has been developed. However, the conventional solution type has good oil separation properties, but has the disadvantage of poor lubricity and inferior processing performance as compared with the emulsion type and the soluble type. In addition, there is also a drawback such as inferior rust prevention ability due to no oil content.
[0005]
It is said that a compound containing chlorine or sulfur as an extreme pressure additive is effective in improving lubricity to prevent seizure. As such extreme pressure additives, chlorinated paraffins, sulfurized fats and oils, polysulfides and the like are usually used, but none of them are soluble in water and cannot be used for water-soluble processing oils. Chlorine compounds are difficult to use in processing oils to be developed in the future due to environmental pollution problems such as dioxin and ozone layer depletion.
[0006]
Accordingly, many water-soluble sulfur-containing lubricants have been developed. For example, JP-A-5-43886 discloses a water-soluble metalworking oil using a water-soluble salt of a sulfide-bond-containing carboxylic acid as an extreme pressure additive. Simple press forming, cutting and wire drawing are possible, but poor processing capacity such as heavy press, heavy cutting and drawing is inferior in load capacity, and the life of molds and tools is shortened due to seizure and fusion .
[0007]
Also, JP-A-10-60468 describes a water-soluble metal working oil containing a compound having a benzothiazole ring and a polyether, but only a compound having a benzothiazole ring such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole is disclosed. In addition, since the oily effect is inferior and the friction coefficient is increased, it is not suitable for processing having a complicated shape and structure by processing by keeping the friction coefficient constant.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a water-soluble metal working oil having excellent lubricating properties such as load-bearing capacity and oily effect, especially excellent friction / wear reducing ability, rust-proofing ability, and good rot resistance. And
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have intensively studied a water-soluble metal working oil which is excellent in lubricating performance, particularly in performance of reducing friction and abrasion, has rust prevention ability, and has good rot resistance. As a result, by using (A) a specific sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid, (B) a specific benzothiazole compound, and (C) a basic substance, a synergistic effect is exerted, and lubricity, particularly friction coefficient and wear, are reduced. The reduction performance is lower than that of the water-soluble metal processing oil containing the component (A) alone and the basic substance (C) or the water-soluble metal processing oil containing the component (B) alone and the basic substance (C). And excellent oil separation properties from rust-preventive oil, hydraulic oil and sliding oil. Furthermore, it has been found that the combination of the above components (A), (B) and (C) is also favorable in terms of rust prevention ability and rot resistance.
[0010]
The present invention has been completed by further study based on these findings, and provides the following water-soluble metal working oil.
[0011]
Item 1 (A) General formula (1)
RSR 1 COOH (1)
[Wherein, R represents an alkyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or a cyclohexyl group, and R 1 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. ]
A sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by:
(B) General formula (2)
[0012]
Embedded image
Figure 2004010729
[0013]
[In the formula, X represents a hydrogen atom or a group — (CH 2 ) n COOH (n represents 1 or 2). An excess amount based on the total number of moles of the benzothiazole compound represented by the formula (C) and the sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) and the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2) A water-soluble metalworking oil, comprising: (D) water;
[0014]
Item 2 (A) 0.2 to 30% by weight of a sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) based on the total amount of the water-soluble metal working oil,
(B) a benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2) in an amount of 0.02 to 5% by weight based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil;
(C) The basic substance is equivalent to not less than 1.05 equivalent to 1 mol of the total of the sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) and the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2). And 0.02 to 20% by weight based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil, and (D) 20 to 98% by weight of water.
Item 2. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to item 1 above.
[0015]
Item 3 (A) 4 to 20% by weight of a sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) based on the total amount of the water-soluble metal working oil,
(B) 1 to 10% by weight of the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2) based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil;
(C) The basic substance is added in an amount of 1.05 to 10 equivalents with respect to a total of 1 mol of the sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) and the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2). A corresponding amount and 5 to 20% by weight based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil, and (D) 50 to 80% by weight of water.
Item 2. The water-soluble metalworking oil according to item 1 above.
[0016]
Item 4. The water-soluble metal working oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a press oil.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid In the present invention, as described above, the sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) is used. In the general formula (1), examples of the alkyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R include hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, eicosyl and the like. Is done. Among them, an alkyl group having 8 to 16, particularly 8 to 12 carbon atoms is preferred.
[0018]
Examples of the alkylene group represented by R 1 include a methylene, ethylene, methylethylene, trimethylene group and the like, and an ethylene group is particularly preferable.
[0019]
The sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the above general formula (1) includes C 6 -C 20 alkylthio-acetic acid, C 6 -C 20 alkylthio-2-methyl-propionic acid, C 6 -C 20 alkylthio-propionic acid, and C 6 -C 20 alkylthio-propionic acid. 6 -C 20 alkylthio - butyric acid, cyclohexyl thio - a sulfur atom-containing organic acid such as butyric - acid, cyclohexyl thio-2-methyl - propionic acid, cyclohexyl thio - propionic acid, cyclohexylthio.
[0020]
Among such acids, especially octylthio-acetic acid, dodecylthio-acetic acid, octylthio-acetic acid, octylthio-propionic acid, laurylthio-propionic acid, octadecylthio-propionic acid, cyclohexylthio-propionic acid, octylthio-2-methylpropionic acid And laurylthio-2-methylpropionic acid are preferred.
[0021]
The sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) is a compound known as an extreme pressure additive, and is a compound containing one mercapto group and one carboxyl group according to a known method, that is, thioglycolic acid, mercaptopropion It can be easily produced by adding an acid, mercapto-2-propionic acid, mercaptobutyric acid and an olefin or cyclohexene having an appropriate molecular weight and structure in the presence of a peroxide catalyst.
[0022]
Benzothiazole compound The benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2) used as the component (B) in the present invention is 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (X = H), (2-benzothiazolylthio) Acetic acid and 3- (2-benzothiazolylthio) propionic acid. These compounds are known compounds.
[0023]
Basic substance The basic substance used as the component (C) in the present invention, when mixed with the above components (A) and (B) in water, forms a water-soluble salt, and these (A) And (B) an alkaline substance that can make the component water-soluble.
[0024]
The water-soluble salt is a water-soluble salt of a sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) and a water-soluble salt of a benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2). A salt having a solubility in at least 0.01%, preferably at least 0.1%, is meant.
[0025]
The basic substance (C) is not particularly limited as long as it can form the water-soluble salt with the components (A) and (B) in water. , Organic nitrogen-containing compounds, ammonia, alkali metal-containing substances, and the like.
[0026]
Examples of the organic nitrogen-containing compound include monoamines such as mono (C2-C4 alkyl) amine, di (C2-C3 alkyl) amine, monocyclohexylamine and dicyclohexylamine; and 1 to 1 such as ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine and N-ethylethylenediamine. Diamines which may be substituted by four C1-C4 alkyl groups (particularly C2-C6 alkylenediamines); alkanolamines such as mono (C2-C3 alkanol) amine and di (C2-C3 alkanol) amine , Tri (C2-C3 alkanol) amine, (C2-C3 alkyl) di (C2-C3 alkanol) amine, (cyclohexyl) mono (C2-C3 alkanol) amine, (cyclohexyl) di (C2-C3 alkanol) amine and the like; Tetraalkano Diamines, for example, N, N, N ', there is N'- tetrakis (C2-C3 hydroxyalkyl) ethylenediamine.
[0027]
Among them, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, ethyldiethanolamine, butyldiethanolamine, cyclohexyldiethanolamine, N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis It is particularly advantageous to use (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine and the like.
[0028]
Examples of the alkali metal-containing substance include oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of alkali metals such as Na and K.
[0029]
Water-soluble metal working oil The water-soluble metal working oil of the present invention is based on water and comprises (A) a sulfide-bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1), (B) a general formula (2) By using the benzothiazole compound represented by the formula (3) and the basic substance (C) as the essential components, not only is the rust-preventing effect and the preservative effect excellent, but also the load-bearing capacity is significantly improved synergistically. It has unexpected effects.
[0030]
The amount of the sulfide-bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1), which is the component (A), can be appropriately selected from a wide range, but is generally 0.1 to 0.1 with respect to the water-soluble metal working oil of the present invention. It is advantageous to use 2 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 25% by weight, more preferably 1 to 20% by weight.
[0031]
The amount of the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2), which is the component (B), can also be appropriately selected from a wide range, but is generally 0.02 to the water-soluble metal working oil of the present invention. It is advantageous to use it in an amount of from 5 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 2% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 1% by weight.
[0032]
The amount of the basic substance used as the component (C) is an excess with respect to the total number of moles of the components (A) and (B), and particularly, the acid used as the components (A) and (B) is used in excess. Is used in an amount sufficient to neutralize in water with a water-soluble salt, and 0.02 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the water-soluble metalworking oil of the present invention. And more preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight.
[0033]
The amount of the component (C) sufficient to neutralize the acid as the components (A) and (B) in water to form a water-soluble salt also depends on the types of the components (A) and (B). Although different, in general, an excess amount relative to the total number of moles of the components (A) and (B) of the present invention, in particular, 1 to 1 mole of the total of the components (A) and (B) of the present invention. 0.05 equivalent or more, preferably 1.05 to 10 equivalent, more preferably 1.05 to 5 equivalent.
[0034]
In the water-soluble metal working oil of the present invention, the amount of water as the component (D) can be appropriately selected from a wide range, but is generally 20 to 98% by weight based on the water-soluble metal working oil composition of the present invention. %, Preferably 30 to 95% by weight, more preferably 50 to 90% by weight.
[0035]
The above composition range of the components (A) to (D) is hereinafter referred to as a “basic composition range”.
[0036]
In particular, in the present invention,
(A) 4 to 20% by weight of a sulfide-bonded carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil;
(B) 1 to 10% by weight of the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2) based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil;
(C) The basic substance is used in an amount corresponding to 1.05 to 10 equivalents to 1 mol of the total of the component (A) and the component (B) of the present invention, and based on the total amount of the water-soluble metal working oil. 5 to 20% by weight and (D) 50 to 80% by weight of water
It is preferable to use the contained water-soluble metal working oil as a stock solution.
[0037]
Such an undiluted solution may be used as it is, or may be 1.2 to 50 times by weight, preferably 5 to 30 times by weight with water such that the components (A) to (D) each have a mixing ratio within the above basic composition. It may be diluted by weight, more preferably in the range of 10 to 20 times by weight, and may be used in an appropriate composition according to the purpose of use.
[0038]
In the water-soluble metal processing oil of the present invention, if necessary, it can be used together with various other additives used in general water-soluble metal processing oil in order to further improve the processing performance. Representative examples of such additives include oily agents for enhancing the lubricating effect of water-soluble metalworking oils, rust inhibitors for preventing corrosion or rusting, and for preventing the growth or corrosion of bacteria. There are germicides, defoamers and the like.
[0039]
Oily agents for enhancing the lubricating effect of such water-soluble metalworking oils include oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, stearic acid, amine salts of fatty acids such as ricinoleic acid polycondensates, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polyethylene polypropylene glycol. And the like. When such an oil agent is used, it is preferably added to the target water-soluble metal working oil at a ratio of about 0.02 to 30% by weight, particularly about 1 to 10% by weight.
[0040]
As the rust inhibitor for preventing the above-mentioned corrosion or rust generation, tertiary butyl benzoic acid, caprylic acid, caproic acid, capric acid, 2-ethylhexyl acid, isononanoic acid, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, etc. Acids or water-soluble amine salts of dibasic organic acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid and dodecane diacid. When such a rust inhibitor is used, it is preferably added to the target water-soluble metal working oil at a ratio of about 1.0 to 5% by weight, particularly about 0.02 to 1% by weight.
[0041]
Examples of the bactericide include triazine, 1,2-benzoisothiazolin-3-one, and 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one. When used, the disinfectant is preferably added to the desired water-soluble metalworking oil at a ratio of about 0.5 to 1% by weight, particularly about 0.01 to 0.1% by weight.
[0042]
Further, examples of the antifoaming agent include a silicon-based antifoaming agent. When used, the defoaming agent is used in an intended water-soluble metalworking oil in an amount of about 0.01 to 5% by weight, particularly 0.01 to 5% by weight.
It is preferably added at a rate of about 1.0% by weight.
[0043]
The water-soluble metalworking oil of the present invention is prepared by mixing the component (A), the component (B), the component (C), and the additives used as necessary with water so that the predetermined amount is obtained. It is manufactured by mixing. The order of adding the component (A), the component (B), the component (C) and the additives used as necessary is not particularly limited, and any order may be used.
[0044]
Examples of the metal in which the metal working oil of the present invention can be used include a wide range of metals, and it is particularly preferable to use the metal in the processing of steel, iron, aluminum, brass, copper, zinc, stainless steel and the like.
[0045]
The water-soluble metalworking oil of the present invention is useful as a metalworking oil such as plastic working, that is, rolling oil, forging oil, press oil, drawing oil, cutting oil, grinding oil, and particularly suitable for applications such as press oil. Can be used.
[0046]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. In the examples, "%" represents "% by weight".
[0047]
Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5
The components shown in Table 1 were used in the amounts shown in Table 1 and mixed uniformly to form a water-soluble metal working oil of the present invention (Examples 1 to 4) and a water-soluble metal working oil for comparison (comparative). Examples 1 to 5) were prepared. The order of mixing is arbitrary. During the mixing, the liquid temperature was maintained at 60 to 70 ° C.
[0048]
The component abbreviations in Table 1 have the following meanings.
(A) Component LTPA: Laurylthio-propionic acid OTPA: Octylthio-propionic acid (B) Component 2-MBT: 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (C) Component MEA: Monoethanolamine TEA: Triethanolamine MIPA: Monoisopropanolamine CHDA: Cyclohexyldiethanolamine THPE: N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine, trade name "ADEKA POLYETHER EDP-300", manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd.).
[0049]
The “polymer surfactant” in Table 1 is a nonionic polymer having an average molecular weight of about 2500 obtained by adding a block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide 4: 6 to polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of about 1000. It is a polymer surfactant.
[0050]
In addition, the composition of each comparative example is the following compositions.
The composition of Comparative Example 1 has a composition equivalent to that of a commercially available emulsion metalworking oil. The composition of Comparative Example 2 has an emulsion-based composition mainly composed of a fatty acid.
The composition of Comparative Example 3 is a composition using a composition prepared according to the general description of JP-A-10-60468.
[0051]
The composition of Comparative Example 4 uses a sulfide-bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) as described in JP-A-5-43886, but is a component (B) of the present invention. -Formulation not using mercaptobenzothiazole.
[0052]
The composition of Comparative Example 5 also contains a sulfide-bond-containing carboxylic acid and polyether represented by the general formula (1) as described in JP-A-5-43886, a general additive, and the like. The composition does not use the component (B), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
[0053]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004010729
[0054]
Test Example 1 Friction and Wear Test The compositions (stock solutions) obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were diluted 20 times by weight with tap water to prepare test solutions.
[0055]
A friction and wear test was performed using a friction and wear tester. As the friction and wear tester, a friction and wear tester (trade name “Tribot” manufactured by Shinko Zoki Co., Ltd.) was used. This device conforms to the standard equivalent to the SHELL high-speed four-ball tester, and is a tester that can also perform the Soda four-ball test method. The principle of this device is that among the four test balls (1/2 bearing balls) combined in a pyramid shape, the bottom three balls are fixed, and a rotating ball is rotated on the three balls, and a load is applied from below. The load capacity (initial seizure load, fusion load) and the oil property (average friction coefficient) are measured from the friction coefficient of the contact point between the fixed ball and the rotating ball.
[0056]
The measurement conditions are as follows. The rotation speed was kept constant at 220 rpm, the load was continuously increased from 314 N to 9809 N over 60 minutes, and when the friction coefficient exceeded 0.2, the initial seizure load was set. In addition, the machine was set to make an emergency stop when the friction coefficient exceeded 0.5, and the load at the time of the emergency stop was set as the fusion load.
[0057]
Table 2 shows the results. The larger the values of the initial seizure load and the fusion load, the better the load carrying capacity. The smaller the average coefficient of friction, the better the oily effect.
[0058]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004010729
[0059]
Initial seizure occurs when the friction-reducing film between the metals is partially broken and galling occurs. That is, the higher the initial seizure load, the higher the load at which galling occurs. In addition, since galling shortens the life of the mold, in long-term use, the life increases as the initial seizure load increases. As for the fusion load, the frictional relaxation film is completely cut, and fusion between the metals occurs. At this point, the metal to be processed into the mold may be fused and the next molding may not be possible unless the mold is reshaped.
[0060]
It can be seen that the metal working oil of the present invention, that is, Examples 1 to 4, has a larger initial seizure load than the metal working oils of Comparative Examples 1, 3, 4, and 5, and thus has a longer mold life. When the metal working oil of Comparative Example 2 is used, fusion occurs together with the initial seizure load, so that the mold needs to be corrected more frequently than other types.
[0061]
Further, in plastic working such as press working, wire drawing, and forging, if the friction coefficient cannot be controlled, the working accuracy will be deviated. One with a low coefficient of friction can be adjusted by machine pressure control, but one with a high coefficient of friction cannot be reduced. That is, it is optimal for plastic working to have a low coefficient of friction on average like the metal working oils of Examples 1 to 4. From this viewpoint, the metal working oils of Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention are superior to the metal working oils of Comparative Examples.
[0062]
Test Example 2 Rot Test The compositions obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were diluted 40 times by weight with tap water to obtain test liquids. To the test liquid, 200 g of cast iron chips, 300 ml of commercially available sliding oil, and 1 ml of emulsion decay liquid (rottable emulsion-type water-soluble metal working oil having a bacterial count of 1 × 10 7 / ml) were added. Next, the test solution was circulated in a 30 ° C. atmosphere using a circulating pump, and the preservative properties were compared based on the tendency of bacterial growth and changes in pH. Table 3 shows the results. In Table 3, the number of bacteria indicates the number of bacteria per 1 ml of the test solution.
[0063]
When the number of bacteria reached 1 × 10 7 cells / ml or more, it was determined that the bacteria were saturated, and the test was terminated.
[0064]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004010729
[0065]
Test Example 3 Rust prevention test The compositions obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were diluted 20 times by weight with tap water to obtain test liquids. As a test piece, a cast iron FC-20 whose surface was polished with sandpaper and washed with acetone was used. The test liquid is placed in a beaker, and each test piece is immersed in the test liquid over the entire length. Next, the test piece was placed in a beaker so that a portion of the test liquid in the beaker (temporarily immersed portion) and a portion immersed in the test solution (immersed portion) were formed. The beaker was sealed and stored at room temperature for 30 days. Next, when the rusting area of the test piece was 1% or less, it was judged that the sample was unusable with a passing line and rusting exceeding 5%, and it was observed how many days there was no rusting. Table 4 shows the results of the rusting test.
[0066]
[Table 4]
Figure 2004010729
[0067]
Test Example 4 Separability of Mixed Oil The compositions obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were diluted 20 times by weight with tap water to obtain test liquids.
[0068]
A test cylinder was charged with 50 cc of the test solution, 10 cc of B machine oil was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred up and down about 30 times, and the state after standing for 30 minutes was confirmed.
[0069]
Oil separation was evaluated according to the following criteria:
◎: Completely separated into two phases :: Separated into two phases but the oil layer was emulsified Δ: Separated into two phases but the oil layer and the water layer were emulsified ×: The emulsification results are shown in Table 5.
[0070]
[Table 5]
Figure 2004010729
[0071]
The following is clear from the test results of Test Examples 1 to 4 described above:
Compared with Comparative Example 1 (commercially available emulsion type), the present invention has higher processing performance (reduction of wear under high load), especially reduced rot, improved rust prevention and improved separation of mixed oil. I understand.
[0072]
Compared with Comparative Example 2 (emulsion type mainly composed of fatty acid), the present invention has higher processing performance (reduction of wear under high load), particularly reduced rot, improved rust prevention and improved separation of mixed oil. It turns out that there is.
[0073]
Compared with Comparative Example 3 (example of JP-A-10-60468), it can be seen that the friction coefficient of the present invention is reduced and precision processing is facilitated.
[0074]
In comparison with Comparative Examples 4 and 5 (examples of JP-A-5-43886), it can be seen that the present invention greatly improves the initial seizure load, reduces wear, and extends the mold life.
[0075]
【The invention's effect】
The water-soluble metal working oil of the present invention has remarkably excellent lubricity, and has good separability of lubricating oil mixed therein (separation of oil such as rust-proof oil, hydraulic oil and sliding oil), It is economical because it has rot resistance, and is extremely suitable as a water-soluble rolling oil, forging oil, press oil, drawing oil, cutting oil, or grinding oil.

Claims (4)

(A)一般式(1)
RSRCOOH     (1)
[式中、Rは炭素数6〜20のアルキル基またはシクロヘキシル基を示し、Rは炭素数1〜3のアルキレン基を示す。]
で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸、
(B)一般式(2)
Figure 2004010729
[式中、Xは水素原子又は基−(CHCOOH(nは1又は2を示す)を示す。]で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物、及び
(C)上記一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸及び一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物の合計モル数に対して過剰量の塩基性物質、及び
(D)水
を含有することを特徴とする水溶性金属加工油。
(A) General formula (1)
RSR 1 COOH (1)
[Wherein, R represents an alkyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or a cyclohexyl group, and R 1 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. ]
A sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by:
(B) General formula (2)
Figure 2004010729
[In the formula, X represents a hydrogen atom or a group — (CH 2 ) n COOH (n represents 1 or 2). An excess amount based on the total number of moles of the benzothiazole compound represented by the formula (C) and the sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) and the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2) A water-soluble metalworking oil, comprising: (D) water;
(A)一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して0.2〜30重量%、
(B)一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して0.02〜5重量%、
(C)塩基性物質を、上記一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸及び一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物の合計1モルに対して1.05当量以上に相当する量であって、且つ、水溶性金属加工油全量に対して0.02〜20重量%、及び
(D)水を20〜98重量%
含有する請求項1に記載の水溶性金属加工油。
(A) 0.2 to 30% by weight of a sulfide-bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil;
(B) a benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2) in an amount of 0.02 to 5% by weight based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil;
(C) The basic substance is equivalent to not less than 1.05 equivalent to 1 mol of the total of the sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) and the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2). And 0.02 to 20% by weight based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil, and (D) 20 to 98% by weight of water.
The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, which contains.
(A)一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して4〜20重量%、
(B)一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物を水溶性金属加工油全量に対して1〜10重量%、
(C)塩基性物質を、上記一般式(1)で表されるスルフィド結合含有カルボン酸及び一般式(2)で表されるベンゾチアゾール化合物の合計1モルに対して1.05〜10当量に相当する量であって、且つ、水溶性金属加工油全量に対して5〜20重量%、及び
(D)水を50〜80重量%
含有する請求項1に記載の水溶性金属加工油。
(A) 4 to 20% by weight of a sulfide-bonded carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil;
(B) 1 to 10% by weight of the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2) based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil;
(C) The basic substance is added in an amount of 1.05 to 10 equivalents with respect to a total of 1 mol of the sulfide bond-containing carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1) and the benzothiazole compound represented by the general formula (2). A corresponding amount and 5 to 20% by weight based on the total amount of the water-soluble metalworking oil, and (D) 50 to 80% by weight of water.
The water-soluble metalworking oil according to claim 1, which contains.
プレス油である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水溶性金属加工油。The water-soluble metalworking oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a press oil.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103992870A (en) * 2014-04-25 2014-08-20 蚌埠市正园电子科技有限公司 Canola-oil-containing drawing oil
JP2015189955A (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-11-02 出光興産株式会社 Water soluble metal processing oil and coolant for metal processing
JP2020180179A (en) * 2019-04-23 2020-11-05 ユシロ化学工業株式会社 Lubricant for warm or hot forging

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015189955A (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-11-02 出光興産株式会社 Water soluble metal processing oil and coolant for metal processing
CN103992870A (en) * 2014-04-25 2014-08-20 蚌埠市正园电子科技有限公司 Canola-oil-containing drawing oil
JP2020180179A (en) * 2019-04-23 2020-11-05 ユシロ化学工業株式会社 Lubricant for warm or hot forging

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