JP2004001672A - Bearing unit for wheel driving - Google Patents

Bearing unit for wheel driving Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004001672A
JP2004001672A JP2002228760A JP2002228760A JP2004001672A JP 2004001672 A JP2004001672 A JP 2004001672A JP 2002228760 A JP2002228760 A JP 2002228760A JP 2002228760 A JP2002228760 A JP 2002228760A JP 2004001672 A JP2004001672 A JP 2004001672A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
spline
hub
hole
spline shaft
ring
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JP2002228760A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroo Ishikawa
石川 寛朗
Hideshi Shibuya
渋谷 英志
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Priority to JP2002228760A priority Critical patent/JP2004001672A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure at least minimum travel performance by preventing a decrease in the engaging length of a spline engaging part between a driving member 19b and a hub 5b even in the case of forgetting to put a retaining ring in a repair shop. <P>SOLUTION: A portion projecting from the outer end opening of a spline hole 15b in the tip part of a spline shaft 18b is provided with a circular hole 43 in a state of radially piercing the spline shaft 18b, and a split pin 39 is inserted through the circular hole 43. As a result, the spline shaft 18b of the driving member 19b can be prevented from being displaced in a direction of slipping out of the spline hole 15b of the hub 5b even in the case of forgetting to put the retaining ring 37. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明に係る車輪駆動用軸受ユニットは、等速ジョイントと車輪支持用軸受ユニットとを一体化したもので、独立懸架式サスペンションに支持された駆動輪{FF車(前置エンジン前輪駆動車)の前輪、FR車(前置エンジン後輪駆動車)及びRR車(後置エンジン後輪駆動車)の後輪、4WD車(四輪駆動車)の全輪}を懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持すると共に、上記駆動輪を回転駆動する為に利用する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
車輪を懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持する為に、外輪と内輪とを転動体を介して回転自在に組み合わせた車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットが、各種使用されている。又、独立懸架式サスペンションに駆動輪を支持すると共に、この駆動輪を回転駆動する為の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットは、等速ジョイントと組み合わせて、デファレンシャルギヤと駆動輪との相対変位や車輪に付与された舵角に拘らず、駆動軸の回転を上記車輪に対して円滑に(等速性を確保して)伝達する必要がある。図7は、この様な目的で車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット1と等速ジョイント2とを組み合わせた、一般的な車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3を示している。
【0003】
このうちの車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット1は、外輪4の内径側にハブ5及び内輪6を、複数個の転動体7、7を介して回転自在に支持して成る。このうちの外輪4は、外周面に設けた第一のフランジ8により、懸架装置を構成するナックル9(後述する本発明の実施の形態の第1例を示す図1参照)に結合固定した状態で、使用時にも回転しない。又、上記外輪4の内周面には、複列の外輪軌道10、10を設けて、この外輪4の内径側に上記ハブ5及び内輪6を、この外輪4と同心に、回転自在に支持している。
【0004】
このうちのハブ5は、外周面の外{自動車への組み付け状態で車両の幅方向外側となる側で、図3、6を除く各図の左}端寄り部分に、請求項に記載したフランジに相当する、車輪を支持する為の第二のフランジ11を設けている。又、上記ハブ5の外周面の中間部に第一の内輪軌道12を形成し、同じく内{自動車への組み付け状態で車両の幅方向中央側となる側で、図3、6を除く各図の右}端部に形成した小径段部13に、その外周面に第二の内輪軌道14を形成した上記内輪6を外嵌固定している。上記各転動体7、7は、上記各外輪軌道10、10と上記第一、第二の内輪軌道12、14との間に、それぞれ複数個ずつ、転動自在に設けている。又、上記ハブ5の中心部には、スプライン孔15を設けて、このハブ5を中空円筒状に形成している。
【0005】
一方、前記等速ジョイント2は、等速ジョイント用外輪16と、等速ジョイント用内輪17と、スプライン軸18とを備える。このうちの等速ジョイント用外輪16とスプライン軸18とが、駆動部材19を構成する。即ち、このスプライン軸18はこの駆動部材19の外半部に設けられて、上記スプライン孔15と係合自在であり、上記等速ジョイント用外輪16は上記駆動部材19の内半部に設けられている。この等速ジョイント用外輪16の内周面の円周方向複数個所には外側係合溝20、20を、それぞれこの円周方向に対し直角方向に形成している。又、上記等速ジョイント用内輪17は、中心部に第二のスプライン孔21を、外周面の一部で上記各外側係合溝20、20と整合する部分に内側係合溝22、22を、それぞれ円周方向に対し直角方向に形成している。そして、これら各内側係合溝22、22と上記各外側係合溝20、20との間にボール23、23を、保持器24により保持した状態で、これら各係合溝22、20に沿う転動自在に設けている。尚、この様な等速ジョイント2の構成各部の形状等に就いては、周知のツェッパ型或はバーフィールド型の等速ジョイントの場合と同様であり、本発明の要旨とは関係しないので、詳しい説明は省略する。
【0006】
上述の様な等速ジョイント2と前述の様な車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット1とを組み合わせるには、上記スプライン軸18を上記ハブ5のスプライン孔15に、内側から外側に向け挿通する。そして、上記スプライン軸18の外端部で上記ハブ5の外端面から突出した部分に設けた雄ねじ部26にナット27を螺合し、更に緊締する事により、互いに結合固定する。この状態で、前記内輪6の内端面は上記等速ジョイント用外輪16の外端面に当接するので、この内輪6が前記小径段部13から抜け出る方向に変位する事はない。同時に、前記各転動体7、7に適正な予圧が付与される。
【0007】
更に、自動車の懸架装置への組み付け状態では、前記等速ジョイント用内輪17の中心部に設けた第二のスプライン孔21に、駆動軸28の外端部に設けた雄スプライン部29をスプライン係合させる。そして、この雄スプライン部29の外端部外周面に全周に亙って形成した係止溝30に係止した止め輪31を、上記第二のスプライン孔21の外端開口周縁部に形成した係止段部32に係合させて、上記雄スプライン部29が上記第二のスプライン孔21から抜け出る事を防止する。尚、上記駆動軸28の内端部は、デファレンシャルギヤの出力軸部に設けたトリポード型の等速ジョイントのトラニオンの中心部に結合固定する。
【0008】
ところで、上述の図7に示した従来構造の第1例の場合、車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット1と等速ジョイント2とを、雄ねじ部26とナット27との螺合・緊締に基づいて結合固定している。この為、これら車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット1と等速ジョイント2とを組み合わせて成る、車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3の軸方向寸法並びに重量が嵩む事が避けられない。即ち、等速ジョイント2側のスプライン軸18に上記雄ねじ部26を設ける分、このスプライン軸18の長さを長くする必要が生じる他、上記ナット27が必要になる。この為、これら雄ねじ部26及びナット27の分だけ、上記車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3の軸方向寸法並びに重量が嵩んでしまう。
【0009】
これに対して、特開2001−225605号公報には、図8に示す様に、より簡単な構造で車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット1aと等速ジョイント2aとの結合固定を行なって、軸方向寸法の短縮及び重量の軽減を可能とした、車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3aが記載されている。この図8に示した従来構造の第2例の場合は、外周面に第二の内輪軌道14を形成した内輪6を、ハブ5aの他端寄り部分に設けた小径段部13aに外嵌固定した状態で、この内輪6がこの小径段部13aから抜け出るのを防止する為に、上記ハブ5aの内端部にかしめ部33を形成している。即ち、上記小径段部13aに上記各内輪6を外嵌した後、上記ハブ5aの内端部でこの内輪6の内端面から突出した部分を径方向外方に塑性変形させて上記かしめ部33を形成し、このかしめ部33により上記内輪6の内端面を抑え付けている。
【0010】
又、上記ハブ5aの中心部にスプライン孔15aを形成すると共に、このハブ5aの中間部内周面でスプライン孔15aの外端側に隣接する部分に、このスプライン孔15aよりも少し大径の段部34を形成し、これらスプライン孔15aと段部34との連続部に、請求項に記載した外径側係止部に相当する段差面35を設けている。一方、駆動部材19aを構成するスプライン軸18aの外端寄り部外周面に、全周に亙り、請求項に記載した内径側係止部に相当する内径側係止溝36を形成している。そして、これら内径側係止溝36と上記段差面35とに欠円環状の止め輪37を、これら両部分36、35に掛け渡す状態で装着する事により、上記スプライン軸18aが上記スプライン孔15aから抜け出る事を防止している。又、この状態で、上記ハブ5aと駆動部材19aの等速ジョイント用外輪16との間でシールリング38を弾性的に圧縮し、上記スプライン軸18aと上記ハブ5aとのがたつき防止を図っている。この様な従来構造の第2例の場合には、車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット1aと等速ジョイント2aとの結合を止め輪37により行なっている分、車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3a全体としての小型・軽量化を図れる。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述の図8に示した従来構造の第2例の場合、自動車修理工場で修理、交換等の為に車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3aを分解した後、この車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3aを構成するハブ5aと駆動部材19aとを結合する際、止め輪37を付け忘れる可能性が、全くないとは言えない。車輪駆動用軸受ユニットの製造メーカーでは、付け忘れを検査する装置及び検査行程が完備しているが、町の修理工場で同様の検査を確実に行なえるとは限らない。
【0012】
この様に付け忘れにより止め輪37の機能を得られない場合にも最低限の機能を発揮できる構造として本出願人は先に、スプライン軸18aがスプライン孔15aから抜け出る事のない構造を発明した(特願2001−151361号)。この先発明の構造を採用すれば、上記止め輪37を付け忘れたとしても、車両走行の為の最低限の機能を得る事はできる。
本発明は、この様な先発明の対策を更に進めて、上記止め輪37を付け忘れた場合にも、より十分な(最低限以上の)機能を得られる構造を実現すべく発明したものである。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の車輪駆動用軸受ユニットは、前述の図8に示す様な従来の車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3aと同様に、外輪と、ハブと、内輪と、複数の転動体と、駆動部材と、外径側係止部と、内径側係止部と、止め輪とを備える。
このうちの外輪は、内周面に複列の外輪軌道を有し、使用時にも回転しない。又、上記ハブは、車輪を支持する為のフランジを外周面の外端寄り部分に、第一の内輪軌道を直接又は別体の内輪を介して外周面の中間部に、スプライン孔を中心部に、それぞれ設けている。
又、上記内輪は、外周面に第二の内輪軌道を有し、上記ハブの内端部に外嵌した状態でこのハブの内端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させて成るかしめ部により内端面を抑え付けられて、上記ハブに固定されている。
又、上記各転動体は、上記各外輪軌道と上記第一、第二の内輪軌道との間にそれぞれ複数個ずつ、転動自在に設けられている。
又、上記駆動部材は、上記スプライン孔とスプライン係合するスプライン軸を外半部に設けると共に、内半部を等速ジョイントを構成する等速ジョイント用外輪としている。
又、上記外径側係止部は、上記ハブの内周面に周方向に設けられている。
又、上記内径側係止部は、上記スプライン軸の外周面に周方向に設けられている。
更に、上記止め輪は、弾性材製で全体を欠円環状に形成され、上記内径側係止部と外径側係止部との間に掛け渡された状態で、上記スプライン軸が上記スプライン孔から抜け出るのを防止している。
特に、本発明の車輪駆動用軸受ユニットに於いては、上記スプライン軸と上記ハブとの間に、このスプライン軸の上記スプライン孔から抜け出る方向への変位を制限する係止部材を、上記止め輪に加えて設けている。
【0014】
【作用】
上述の様に構成する本発明の車輪駆動用軸受ユニットによれば、自動車修理工場で作業者が止め輪を付け忘れたまま作業を終了してしまった場合でも、駆動部材に設けたスプライン軸とハブとの間に設けた係止部材により、このハブに設けたスプライン孔から上記スプライン軸が抜け出る方向に変位する事を防止できる。この為、上述の様な場合でも、これらスプライン軸とスプライン孔との係合長さが不十分になる事を防止できる。この為、十分な(最低限以上の)走行性能を得られる。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1〜3は、本発明の実施の形態の第1例を示している。尚、本発明の特徴は、車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3bを構成するハブ5bとスプライン軸18bとの間に、止め輪37に加えて係止部材(本例の場合は割ピン39)を係止する事により、上記止め輪37が万一機能しなくなる様な事があっても、上記スプライン軸18bがスプライン孔15bから抜け出る方向に変位するのを制限する点にある。上記車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3bの基本構造に就いては、前述の図8に示した従来構造の第2例と同様であるので、同等部分には同一符号を付して、重複する説明を省略若しくは簡略にし、以下、本発明の特徴部分並びに前述した従来構造と異なる点を中心に説明する。
【0016】
本例の場合、上記車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3bを構成する外輪4を、懸架装置を構成するナックル9に、ボルト40により結合固定している。即ち、上記外輪4の外周面に設けた第一のフランジ8に、この第一のフランジ8の軸方向を貫通する状態で複数のねじ孔41を形成し、これら各ねじ孔41に上記ボルト40を螺合し更に緊締する事により、上記外輪4を上記ナックル9に結合固定している。
【0017】
又、上記車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3bを構成する上記ハブ5bは、例えばS35C〜S53C材の如き炭素鋼等の素材に熱間鍛造を施して凡その形を整えた後、切削加工、高周波焼き入れ、研削加工、超仕上加工を施して、所望の形状及び性状に加工する。又、好ましくは、上記ハブ5bの内周面でスプライン孔15bを形成した部分を焼き入れ硬化する。即ち、上記ハブ5bの内周面のうち、雌スプライン歯を形成した上記スプライン孔15b、並びに、このスプライン孔15bの外端寄り部に全周に亙って設けた、請求項に記載した外径側係止部に相当する外径側係止溝42を形成した部分を、焼き入れ硬化する。尚、この焼き入れ部分の表面硬さはHR58〜64とし、前記止め輪37よりも硬度を高くする事が好ましい。
【0018】
これに対して、上記ハブ5bの一部でかしめ部33を形成する円筒状部分は、焼き入れ硬化しない。即ち、本例の場合、上記ハブ5bの内端部にかしめ部33を形成する事により、外周面に第二の内輪軌道14を形成した内輪6が、小径段部13aから抜け出るのを防止している。この為に、この小径段部13aに上記内輪6を外嵌した後、上記ハブ5bの内端部でこの内輪6の内端面から突出した部分を、径方向外方に塑性変形させて上記かしめ部33を形成し、このかしめ部33により上記内輪6の内端面を抑え付けている。この様なかしめ作業の際に、上記かしめ部33に亀裂等の損傷を生じさせる事なく、良質のかしめ部33を形成する為に、このかしめ部33を形成する上記円筒状部分を、上述の様に焼き入れ硬化せず、生のままとしている。
【0019】
一方、上記ハブ5bと結合する駆動部材19bは、S55CG材の如き炭素鋼等の素材に熱間鍛造を施して凡その形を整えた後、切削加工、高周波焼き入れ、研削加工、超仕上加工を施して、所望の形状及び性状に加工する。又、好ましくは、上記駆動部材19bの外周面で少なくともスプライン軸18bを形成した部分を焼き入れ硬化する。即ち、上記駆動部材19bの外周面のうち、雄スプライン歯を形成した上記スプライン軸18b、並びに、このスプライン軸18bの外端寄り部に全周に亙って設けた、請求項に記載した内径側係止部に相当する内径側係止溝36を形成した部分、そして、上記雄スプライン歯の内端縁から等速ジョイント用外輪16の外端面に亙る部分を、焼き入れ硬化する。尚、この焼き入れ部分の表面硬さはHR58〜64とし、前記止め輪37よりも硬度を高くする事が好ましい。
【0020】
又、本例の場合、前記車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3bを構成すべく、上記スプライン軸18bを上記スプライン孔15b内に挿入した状態で、上記内径側、外径側両係止溝36、42に止め輪37を掛け渡す(係止する)事により、上記スプライン軸18bが上記スプライン孔15bから抜け出るのを防止している。この止め輪37は、SWP−A、SWP−Bの如きピアノ線等の、弾性を有する断面円形の金属素材を欠円環状に丸めて成るもので、自由状態でその直径を広げる方向の弾力を有する。又、この止め輪37の硬さは、HR48〜54とする事が好ましい。
【0021】
尚、この様な止め輪37は、上記スプライン軸18bを上記スプライン孔15b内に挿入するのに先立って、上記内径側係止溝36に装着しておく。上記スプライン軸18bを上記スプライン孔15b内に挿入する際に上記止め輪37は、その直径を弾性的に縮めつつ、上記スプライン孔15b内を通過する。そして、上記止め輪37が上記外径側係止溝42に整合した状態で、その直径が弾性的に復元して、上述の様にこの止め輪37が、上記外径側、内径側両係止溝36、42に掛け渡される(係止する)。
【0022】
更に本例の場合は、上記スプライン軸18bと前記ハブ5bとの間に、このスプライン軸18bが上記スプライン孔15bから抜け出る方向に変位するのを制限する為の、請求項に記載した係止部材に相当する割ピン39を、上記止め輪37に加えて設け(係止し)ている。即ち、上記スプライン軸18bの先端部のうちで、上記スプライン孔15bの外端開口から突出する部分に、図2〜3に詳示する様に、このスプライン軸18bの中心を通過すると共に径方向に貫通する状態で、1乃至複数(本例は3)の円孔43、43を、円周方向等間隔に設けている。そして、耐食性を有する断面円形の金属素材を折り曲げ形成して成る上記割ピン39を、上記各円孔43、43のうちの何れかの円孔43に挿通している。
【0023】
そしてこの状態で、上記割ピン39の基端部(図1の上端部)に設けた、上記円孔43の内径よりも大きな外径を有する折り返し部44を、上記ハブ5bの内端面に当接若しくは近接対向させる事により、上記スプライン軸18bの、上記スプライン孔15bから抜け出る方向への変位を制限(阻止若しくは微小量に規制)している。又、上記割ピン39を上記円孔43に挿通した状態で、この割ピン39の先端部(図1の下端部)をこの円孔43の軸方向に対し折り曲げて折り曲げ部45を形成し、上記割ピン39が上記円孔43から抜け出るのを防止している。尚、上記割ピン39は、上述の様に耐食性を有する金属素材により造る他、亜鉛メッキ、クロムメッキ等の表面処理により耐食性を持たせても良い。
【0024】
又、第二のフランジ11に車輪を取り付ける際にこの車輪の径方向に関する位置決めを行なう為、上記ハブ5bの外端面に設けられた円筒部46に、貫通孔47を、この円筒部46の内外両周面同士を連通させる状態で設けている。この貫通孔47は、上記割ピン39を上記円孔43に挿通する際、この割ピン39を挿通する(割ピン39と円筒部46とが干渉するのを防止する)為に設けたもので、円周方向に長い長孔である。尚、上述の様に、上記スプライン軸18bの先端部には、円周方向等間隔に複数の円孔43、43を設けている。この様に、割ピン39を挿通する円孔43、43を円周方向に複数設ける理由は、この円孔43、43と上記貫通孔47との円周方向に関する位相合わせを容易に(位相合わせをしなくて済む様に)する為である。
【0025】
即ち、上記割ピン39を上記円孔43に挿通する際、この円孔43と上記貫通孔47との円周方向に関する位相がずれていると、この貫通孔47と上記円孔43との円周方向の位相を合わせるべく、上記スプライン軸18bとスプライン孔15bとの係合を外す(解除する)と共に、上記貫通孔47と円孔43との円周方向の位相を合わせた状態で、再度上記スプライン軸18bとスプライン孔15bとをスプライン係合させる必要がある。この際、作業手順によっては、上記スプライン軸18bとスプライン孔15bとのスプライン係合を外すべく、例えば車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3bを構成する外輪4を、懸架装置を構成するナックル9から取り外す等の面倒な作業を行なわなければならなくなる事も考えられる。そして、上記貫通孔47と円孔43との円周方向の位相を合わせた状態で、再度上記スプライン軸18bとスプライン孔15bとをスプライン係合させつつ、上記ナックル9に上記外輪4を取り付ける必要がある。
【0026】
これに対して本例の場合には、上記円孔43、43を円周方向に複数設けると共に、上記貫通孔47の内径のうちで、上記スプライン軸18bの円周方向に関する内径の寸法を、円周方向に隣り合う上記円孔43、43の円周方向反対側部分同士の距離(隣り合う円孔43、43の中心間の距離とこの円孔43、43の内径との和)よりも大きくしている。この為、上記貫通孔47と円孔43との円周方向に関する位相合わせを行なう必要がない。即ち、上記スプライン軸18bと上記スプライン孔15bとをスプライン係合させた状態で、上記貫通孔47の一部が、上記各円孔43、43のうちの何れかの円孔43と整合する。そして、上記貫通孔47を通じて、この何れかの円孔43に前記割ピン39を挿入できる。
【0027】
上述の様に構成する車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3bは、次の様にして車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット1bと等速ジョイント2bとを結合固定する。先ず、前記駆動部材19bを構成するスプライン軸18bに設けた内径側係止溝36に、前記止め輪37を外嵌した状態で、このスプライン軸18bを前記ハブ5bのスプライン孔15bに挿入する。そして、このスプライン軸18bを更に進入させ、上記止め輪37を、上記スプライン孔15bに設けた外径側係合溝42と上記内径側係合溝36とに掛け渡す(係止する)。
【0028】
次いで、上記スプライン軸18bの先端部に設けた円孔43と、上記ハブ5bの円筒部46に設けた貫通孔47との円周方向の位相を合わせた状態で、この円筒部46の外径側から割ピン39を、上記貫通孔47を通じて上記円孔43に挿通する。尚、上記貫通孔47と円孔43との円周方向の位相を合わせる作業は、前述の様に貫通孔47の円周方向長さを規制すれば、特に行なう必要はない。次いで、上記割ピン39の先端部を上記円孔43の軸方向に対し折り曲げて、この割ピン39の先端部に折り曲げ部45を形成する。そして、上記円筒部46にキャップ48を内嵌固定する事により、上記スプライン孔15bと上記スプライン軸18bとのスプライン係合部に、砂利や泥水等の異物が侵入するのを防止する。尚、上記円筒部46に設けた上記貫通孔47は、前記第二のフランジ11にホイールを固定した状態で、このホイールにより塞がれる。但し、上記貫通孔47を通じての異物進入防止を確実にする為には、この貫通孔47にも、図示しない別のキャップ等を内嵌固定し、この貫通孔47を塞ぐ事が好ましい。
【0029】
上述の様に構成する本例の車輪駆動用軸受ユニット3bによれば、自動車修理工場で作業者が、止め輪37を付け忘れたまま作業を終了してしまった場合でも、駆動部材19bに設けたスプライン軸18bとハブ5bとの間に係止した割ピン39により、このハブ5bに設けたスプライン孔15b内で上記スプライン軸18bが変位する事を阻止できる。この為、上述の様な場合でも、このスプライン軸18bが上記スプライン孔15bから抜け出る方向に大きく変位する事を防止できて、十分な(最低限以上の)走行性能を得られる。しかも、係止部材である上記割ピン39の存在の有無を、外部から目視により確認できるので、この割ピン39の付け忘れを後から確認する事は容易である。従って、修理マニアルを順守さえすれば、上記割ピン39の付け忘れは、確実に防止できる。
【0030】
次に、図4は、本発明の実施の形態の第2例を示している。上述した実施の形態の第1例が、第一、第二の内輪軌道12、14のうちの第一の内輪軌道12をハブ5b(図1参照)に直接形成しているのに対して、本例の場合には、ハブ5cに外嵌固定した1対の内輪6、6の外周面に第一、第二の内輪軌道12、14を、それぞれ形成している。又、本例の場合には、スプライン軸18bと上記ハブ5cとの間に、このスプライン軸18bが上記スプライン孔15bから抜け出る方向に変位するのを阻止する為の、請求項に記載した係止部材に相当する止めピン49を、止め輪37に加えて設けている。
【0031】
即ち、耐食性を有する断面円形の金属素材に、鍛造、プレス成形等の塑性加工を施して成る上記止めピン49を、上記スプライン軸18bの先端部に設けた複数の円孔43のうちの何れかの円孔43に挿通している。そして、この止めピン49の基端部(図4の上端部)に設けた、上記円孔43の内径よりも大きな外径を有する、球状の頭部50を、上記ハブ5cの内端面に当接若しくは近接対向させる事により、上記スプライン軸18bが上記スプライン孔15bから抜け出る方向に変位するのを制限している。又、上記止めピン49を上記何れかの円孔43に挿通した状態で、この止めピン49の先端部(図4の下端部)を、この円孔43の軸方向に対し折り曲げて折り曲げ部45aを形成し、上記止めピン49が上記円孔43から抜け出るのを防止している。その他の部分の構成及び作用は、前述した実施の形態の第1例と同様である。
【0032】
次に、図5〜6は、本発明の実施の形態の第3例を示している。本例の場合には、スプライン軸18bとハブ5cとの間に、このスプライン軸18bがスプライン孔15bから抜け出る方向に変位するのを制限する為の、請求項に記載した係止部材に相当する第二の止め輪51を、(第一の)止め輪37に加えて設けている。この第二の止め輪51は、図6に詳示する様に、炭素鋼板等の弾性金属材により、断面矩形状で全体を略C字形の欠円環状に形成したもので、組み付け状態で直径を縮める方向の弾力を有する。又、この第二の止め輪51の不連続部である両端部に1対の係止腕部52、52を、それぞれが外径側に延びる状態で形成している。そして、これら各係止腕部52、52の先端部に、拡径用工具(図示せず)の先端部を係合させる為の係止孔53、53を形成している。
【0033】
尚、上記第二の止め輪51の自由状態での内径は、次述する第二の内側係止溝54の溝底の直径よりも少し小さくしている。そして、上記1対の係止腕部52、52同士の間隔を弾性的に広げた状態で、上記第二の止め輪51の内径が上記スプライン軸18bの外径以上になる様にしている。一方、このスプライン軸18bの先端部(外端部)のうちで、上記スプライン孔15bの外端開口から突出する部分に、上記第二の止め輪51を係止する為の第二の内径側係止溝54を、全周に亙り設けている。そして、この第二の内径側係止溝54と上記ハブ5cの外端面との間に上記第二の止め輪51を、これら両部分に掛け渡す状態で装着する事により、上記スプライン軸18bが上記スプライン孔15bから抜け出る方向に変位するのを制限している。
【0034】
尚、上述の様な第二の止め輪51は、上記スプライン軸18bを上記スプライン孔15b内に挿入した後に、上記第二の内径側係止溝54に装着する。即ち、上記スプライン軸18bに設けた(第一の)内径側係止溝36に、上記(第一の)止め輪37を外嵌した状態で、このスプライン軸18bを上記ハブ5cのスプライン孔15bに挿入する。そして、このスプライン軸18bを更に進入させ、上記(第一の)止め輪37を、上記スプライン孔15bに設けた外径側係止溝42と上記(第一の)内径側係止溝36とに掛け渡す。
【0035】
次いで、上記第二の止め輪51の係止孔53、53に前記拡径用工具の先端部を係合させた状態で、上記1対の係止腕部52、52同士の間隔を弾性的に広げ、上記スプライン軸18bの先端部に設けた上記第二の内径側係止溝54に上記第二の止め輪51を装着する(係止する)。そして、上記ハブ5cの外端部に設けた円筒部46にキャップ48を内嵌固定する事により、上記スプライン孔15bと上記スプライン軸18bとのスプライン係合部に、砂利や泥水等の異物が侵入するのを防止する。その他の部分の構成及び作用は、前述した実施の形態の第1〜2例と同様である。
【0036】
尚、上述した実施の形態は何れも、本発明を転動体として玉を使用した構造に適用しているが、本発明は、転動体として円筒ころや円すいころを使用する車輪駆動用軸受ユニットにも適用できる。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、以上に述べた通り構成され作用するので、万一止め輪がなくなった場合でも、最低限以上の十分な走行性能を確保して、車輪駆動用軸受ユニットを組み付けた車両の安定運行に対する信頼性を更に向上させる事ができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態の第1例を、懸架装置に取り付けた状態で示す断面図。
【図2】スプライン軸の先端部を示す部分側面図。
【図3】図2のA矢視図。
【図4】本発明の実施の形態の第2例を示す断面図。
【図5】同第3例を示す断面図。
【図6】係止部材である第二の止め輪を取り出して示す斜視図。
【図7】従来構造の第1例を示す断面図。
【図8】同第2例を示す断面図。
【符号の説明】
1、1a、1b 車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット
2、2a、2b 等速ジョイント
3、3a、3b 車輪駆動用軸受ユニット
4  外輪
5、5a、、5b、5c ハブ
6  内輪
7  転動体
8  第一のフランジ
9  ナックル
10  外輪軌道
11  第二のフランジ
12  第一の内輪軌道
13、13a 小径段部
14  第二の内輪軌道
15、15a、15b スプライン孔
16  等速ジョイント用外輪
17  等速ジョイント用内輪
18、18a、18b スプライン軸
19、19a、19b 駆動部材
20  外側係合溝
21  第二のスプライン孔
22  内側係合溝
23  ボール
24  保持器
26  雄ねじ部
27  ナット
28  駆動軸
29  雄スプライン部
30  係止溝
31  止め輪
32  係止段部
33  かしめ部
34  段部
35  段差面
36  内径側係止溝
37  止め輪
38  シールリング
39  割ピン
40  ボルト
41  ねじ孔
42  外径側係止溝
43  円孔
44  折り返し部
45、45a 折り曲げ部
46  円筒部
47  貫通孔
48  キャップ
49  止めピン
50  頭部
51  第二の止め輪
52  係止腕部
53  係止孔
54  第二の内径側係止溝
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The wheel drive bearing unit according to the present invention is an integral unit of a constant velocity joint and a wheel support bearing unit, and is a drive wheel #FF vehicle (front engine front wheel drive vehicle) supported by an independent suspension type suspension. All wheels of front wheels, FR vehicles (front-engine rear-wheel drive vehicles) and RR vehicles (rear-engine rear-wheel drive vehicles), and 4WD vehicles (four-wheel drive vehicles) can be freely rotated with respect to the suspension system. It is used for supporting and rotating the drive wheels.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART In order to rotatably support a wheel with respect to a suspension device, various types of wheel bearing rolling bearing units in which an outer ring and an inner ring are rotatably combined via rolling elements have been used. In addition to supporting the drive wheels on the independent suspension type suspension, a wheel supporting rolling bearing unit for rotating the drive wheels is combined with a constant velocity joint to control the relative displacement between the differential gear and the drive wheels and the wheels. Regardless of the given steering angle, it is necessary to smoothly transmit the rotation of the drive shaft to the wheels (with constant speed). FIG. 7 shows a general wheel driving bearing unit 3 in which a wheel supporting rolling bearing unit 1 and a constant velocity joint 2 are combined for such a purpose.
[0003]
The wheel supporting rolling bearing unit 1 includes a hub 5 and an inner ring 6 rotatably supported on a radially inner side of the outer ring 4 via a plurality of rolling elements 7. The outer ring 4 is connected and fixed to a knuckle 9 (refer to FIG. 1 showing a first example of an embodiment of the present invention described later) constituting a suspension by a first flange 8 provided on an outer peripheral surface. It does not rotate during use. Also, double rows of outer raceways 10 and 10 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer race 4, and the hub 5 and the inner race 6 are rotatably supported concentrically with the outer race 4 on the inner diameter side of the outer race 4. are doing.
[0004]
Of these, the hub 5 has a flange described in the claims near the left end of each figure except for FIGS. 3 and 6 on the side of the outer peripheral surface which is the outer side in the width direction of the vehicle when assembled to the vehicle. , A second flange 11 for supporting the wheel is provided. Further, a first inner raceway 12 is formed at an intermediate portion of the outer peripheral surface of the hub 5 and is a center side in the width direction of the vehicle in a state where the hub 5 is assembled to the inner vehicle. The inner ring 6 having a second inner ring raceway 14 formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof is externally fitted and fixed to a small-diameter stepped portion 13 formed at the right end of the. A plurality of rolling elements 7 are provided between the outer raceways 10 and 10 and the first and second inner raceways 12 and 14, respectively, so as to be freely rollable. A spline hole 15 is provided at the center of the hub 5 to form the hub 5 into a hollow cylindrical shape.
[0005]
On the other hand, the constant velocity joint 2 includes a constant velocity joint outer ring 16, a constant velocity joint inner ring 17, and a spline shaft 18. The constant velocity joint outer ring 16 and the spline shaft 18 constitute a driving member 19. That is, the spline shaft 18 is provided in the outer half of the driving member 19 and is freely engageable with the spline hole 15. The constant velocity joint outer ring 16 is provided in the inner half of the driving member 19. ing. Outer engagement grooves 20, 20 are formed at a plurality of circumferential positions on the inner circumferential surface of the outer race 16 for constant velocity joints, respectively, in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction. The inner race 17 for a constant velocity joint has a second spline hole 21 at the center and inner engagement grooves 22, 22 at a part of the outer peripheral surface which is aligned with the outer engagement grooves 20, 20, respectively. Are formed in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction. The balls 23, 23 are held between the inner engagement grooves 22, 22 and the outer engagement grooves 20, 20 by the retainers 24, and follow the engagement grooves 22, 20. It is provided to roll freely. The shape of each component of the constant velocity joint 2 is the same as that of the well-known Zeppa type or Barfield type constant velocity joint, and is not related to the gist of the present invention. Detailed description is omitted.
[0006]
In order to combine the above-described constant velocity joint 2 and the above-described wheel supporting rolling bearing unit 1, the spline shaft 18 is inserted into the spline hole 15 of the hub 5 from inside to outside. Then, a nut 27 is screwed into a male screw portion 26 provided at a portion protruding from the outer end surface of the hub 5 at the outer end portion of the spline shaft 18, and the nut 27 is further fixed by being tightened. In this state, the inner end surface of the inner race 6 is in contact with the outer end surface of the outer race 16 for a constant velocity joint, so that the inner race 6 is not displaced in the direction of coming out of the small-diameter step portion 13. At the same time, an appropriate preload is applied to each of the rolling elements 7,7.
[0007]
Further, when assembled to the suspension system of the automobile, the male spline portion 29 provided at the outer end of the drive shaft 28 is fitted into the second spline hole 21 provided at the center of the inner race 17 for constant velocity joint. Combine. Then, a retaining ring 31 locked in a locking groove 30 formed over the entire outer peripheral surface of the outer end portion of the male spline portion 29 is formed at the outer peripheral edge of the outer end opening of the second spline hole 21. The male spline portion 29 is prevented from falling out of the second spline hole 21 by being engaged with the locking step portion 32 thus formed. The inner end of the drive shaft 28 is connected and fixed to the center of the trunnion of a tripod-type constant velocity joint provided on the output shaft of the differential gear.
[0008]
By the way, in the case of the first example of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 7 described above, the wheel supporting rolling bearing unit 1 and the constant velocity joint 2 are connected and fixed based on the screwing and tightening of the male screw portion 26 and the nut 27. are doing. For this reason, it is inevitable that the axial size and weight of the wheel drive bearing unit 3, which is formed by combining the wheel supporting rolling bearing unit 1 and the constant velocity joint 2, increase. That is, the length of the spline shaft 18 needs to be increased by the provision of the male screw portion 26 on the spline shaft 18 on the side of the constant velocity joint 2, and the nut 27 is required. For this reason, the axial dimension and the weight of the wheel drive bearing unit 3 are increased by the amount of the male screw portion 26 and the nut 27.
[0009]
On the other hand, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2001-225605 discloses that the wheel supporting rolling bearing unit 1a and the constant velocity joint 2a are connected and fixed with a simpler structure as shown in FIG. A wheel drive bearing unit 3a that can reduce the weight and the weight of the vehicle is described. In the case of the second example of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 8, the inner race 6 having the second inner raceway 14 formed on the outer peripheral surface is externally fixed to the small-diameter stepped portion 13a provided near the other end of the hub 5a. In order to prevent the inner ring 6 from slipping out of the small-diameter stepped portion 13a in this state, a caulked portion 33 is formed at the inner end of the hub 5a. That is, after each of the inner rings 6 is externally fitted to the small-diameter stepped portion 13a, the portion protruding from the inner end surface of the inner ring 6 at the inner end of the hub 5a is plastically deformed radially outward to form the caulking portion 33. Is formed, and the inner end surface of the inner ring 6 is suppressed by the swaged portion 33.
[0010]
A spline hole 15a is formed in the center of the hub 5a, and a step having a diameter slightly larger than that of the spline hole 15a is formed in a portion adjacent to the outer end of the spline hole 15a on the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub 5a. A portion 34 is formed, and a step surface 35 corresponding to the outer diameter side locking portion is provided in a continuous portion between the spline hole 15a and the step portion 34. On the other hand, on the outer peripheral surface near the outer end of the spline shaft 18a constituting the driving member 19a, an inner diameter side engaging groove 36 corresponding to the inner diameter side engaging portion described in the claims is formed over the entire circumference. The spline shaft 18a is attached to the spline hole 15a by mounting a missing annular retaining ring 37 between the inner diameter side locking groove 36 and the stepped surface 35 in a state of bridging over the two portions 36, 35. Prevents getting out of. Further, in this state, the seal ring 38 is elastically compressed between the hub 5a and the outer race 16 for the constant velocity joint of the driving member 19a to prevent the spline shaft 18a and the hub 5a from rattling. ing. In the case of the second example of such a conventional structure, the coupling between the wheel supporting rolling bearing unit 1a and the constant velocity joint 2a is performed by the retaining ring 37, so that the wheel driving bearing unit 3a as a whole is small and compact. The weight can be reduced.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of the second example of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 8, the wheel drive bearing unit 3a is disassembled for repair, replacement, etc. at an automobile repair shop, and then the hub 5a constituting the wheel drive bearing unit 3a is disassembled. It cannot be said that there is no possibility of forgetting to attach the retaining ring 37 when coupling the driving member 19a with the driving member 19a. Manufacturers of wheel drive bearing units are fully equipped with a device and an inspection process for checking for missing attachments, but it is not always possible to carry out similar inspections at repair shops in town.
[0012]
The applicant has previously invented a structure in which the spline shaft 18a does not come out of the spline hole 15a as a structure that can exhibit the minimum function even when the function of the retaining ring 37 cannot be obtained due to forgetting to attach it. (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-151361). By adopting the structure of the preceding invention, even if the retaining ring 37 is forgotten, the minimum function for running the vehicle can be obtained.
The present invention has been made to further advance the above countermeasures of the present invention and to realize a structure capable of obtaining a more sufficient (more than minimum) function even when the retaining ring 37 is forgotten. is there.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The wheel drive bearing unit of the present invention comprises an outer ring, a hub, an inner ring, a plurality of rolling elements, a drive member, and an outer ring, similarly to the conventional wheel drive bearing unit 3a as shown in FIG. A radial locking portion, a radial locking portion, and a retaining ring are provided.
The outer ring has a double-row outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface and does not rotate during use. Also, the hub has a flange for supporting the wheel at a portion near the outer end of the outer peripheral surface, a first inner raceway directly or at an intermediate portion of the outer peripheral surface via a separate inner ring, and a spline hole at the center. , Respectively.
The inner ring has a second inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface, and a caulking portion formed by plastically deforming the inner end of the hub radially outward in a state of being externally fitted to the inner end of the hub. The inner end face is held down and fixed to the hub.
A plurality of rolling elements are provided between each of the outer raceways and the first and second inner raceways so as to freely roll.
In the driving member, a spline shaft that engages with the spline hole is provided on an outer half portion, and the inner half portion is an outer race for a constant velocity joint that forms a constant velocity joint.
The outer diameter side locking portion is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the hub in a circumferential direction.
The inner diameter side locking portion is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the spline shaft in a circumferential direction.
Further, the retaining ring is made of an elastic material, and is entirely formed in a partially annular shape. In a state where the retaining ring is bridged between the inner diameter side locking portion and the outer diameter side locking portion, the spline shaft is connected to the spline. Prevents escape from the hole.
In particular, in the wheel drive bearing unit according to the present invention, a locking member that restricts displacement of the spline shaft in a direction of coming out of the spline hole is provided between the spline shaft and the hub. Is provided in addition to.
[0014]
[Action]
According to the wheel drive bearing unit of the present invention configured as described above, even if the worker has forgotten to attach the retaining ring at the car repair shop and ended the work, the spline shaft provided on the drive member and The engagement member provided between the hub and the hub prevents the spline shaft from being displaced in a direction in which the spline shaft comes out of the spline hole provided in the hub. Therefore, even in the case described above, the engagement length between the spline shaft and the spline hole can be prevented from becoming insufficient. Therefore, sufficient (more than minimum) traveling performance can be obtained.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 to 3 show a first example of an embodiment of the present invention. A feature of the present invention is that a locking member (a split pin 39 in this example) is locked between the hub 5b and the spline shaft 18b constituting the wheel driving bearing unit 3b, in addition to the retaining ring 37. By doing so, even if the retaining ring 37 does not function, the displacement of the spline shaft 18b in the direction of coming out of the spline hole 15b is limited. The basic structure of the wheel drive bearing unit 3b is the same as that of the second example of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 8 described above. Or, for simplicity, the following description focuses on features of the present invention and points different from the above-described conventional structure.
[0016]
In the case of this example, the outer ring 4 constituting the wheel drive bearing unit 3b is connected and fixed to a knuckle 9 constituting a suspension device by a bolt 40. That is, a plurality of screw holes 41 are formed in the first flange 8 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 in a state of penetrating the first flange 8 in the axial direction. The outer ring 4 is connected and fixed to the knuckle 9 by screwing and further tightening.
[0017]
Further, the hub 5b constituting the wheel drive bearing unit 3b is formed, for example, by hot forging a material such as carbon steel such as S35C to S53C to adjust its general shape, and then cutting and induction hardening. , Grinding and super-finishing to obtain the desired shape and properties. Also, preferably, a portion where the spline hole 15b is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 5b is hardened and hardened. That is, in the inner peripheral surface of the hub 5b, the spline hole 15b in which the female spline teeth are formed, and the outer peripheral portion of the spline hole 15b are provided over the entire periphery at the outer end. The portion where the outer diameter side locking groove 42 corresponding to the diameter side locking portion is formed is quenched and hardened. The surface hardness of the hardened part is HR C Preferably, the hardness is 58 to 64, and the hardness is higher than that of the retaining ring 37.
[0018]
On the other hand, the cylindrical portion forming the caulked portion 33 by a part of the hub 5b is not hardened and hardened. That is, in the case of this example, by forming the caulking portion 33 at the inner end of the hub 5b, the inner ring 6 having the second inner ring raceway 14 formed on the outer peripheral surface is prevented from falling out of the small diameter step portion 13a. ing. For this purpose, after the inner race 6 is externally fitted to the small-diameter stepped portion 13a, the portion protruding from the inner end surface of the inner race 6 at the inner end of the hub 5b is plastically deformed radially outward to form the caulking. A portion 33 is formed, and the inner end surface of the inner ring 6 is suppressed by the caulking portion 33. At the time of such a caulking operation, in order to form a high-quality caulked portion 33 without causing damage such as a crack to the caulked portion 33, the cylindrical portion forming the caulked portion 33 is formed by the above-described method. It is not quenched and hardened, but remains raw.
[0019]
On the other hand, the drive member 19b connected to the hub 5b is formed by subjecting a material such as carbon steel such as S55CG material to hot forging to adjust its general shape, and then cutting, induction hardening, grinding, and superfinishing. To form a desired shape and properties. Preferably, at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the driving member 19b where the spline shaft 18b is formed is hardened and hardened. That is, in the outer peripheral surface of the driving member 19b, the spline shaft 18b on which the male spline teeth are formed, and an inner peripheral portion provided near the outer end of the spline shaft 18b over the entire circumference. The portion where the inner diameter side locking groove 36 corresponding to the side locking portion is formed, and the portion from the inner end edge of the male spline teeth to the outer end surface of the outer race 16 for constant velocity joint are hardened and hardened. The surface hardness of the hardened part is HR C Preferably, the hardness is 58 to 64, and the hardness is higher than that of the retaining ring 37.
[0020]
In the case of this example, the spline shaft 18b is inserted into the spline hole 15b to form the wheel drive bearing unit 3b. Crossing (locking) the retaining ring 37 prevents the spline shaft 18b from coming out of the spline hole 15b. The retaining ring 37 is formed by rolling an elastic metal material having a circular cross section, such as a piano wire such as SWP-A or SWP-B, into an annular shape. Have. The hardness of the retaining ring 37 is HR C It is preferable to set it to 48 to 54.
[0021]
It is to be noted that such a retaining ring 37 is mounted on the inner diameter side locking groove 36 before the spline shaft 18b is inserted into the spline hole 15b. When the spline shaft 18b is inserted into the spline hole 15b, the retaining ring 37 passes through the spline hole 15b while elastically reducing its diameter. Then, in a state where the retaining ring 37 is aligned with the outer diameter side locking groove 42, the diameter thereof is elastically restored, and as described above, the retaining ring 37 is connected to both the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side. It is suspended (locked) between the stop grooves 36 and 42.
[0022]
Further, in the case of the present example, the locking member according to claim, for limiting displacement between the spline shaft 18b and the hub 5b in a direction in which the spline shaft 18b comes out of the spline hole 15b. Is provided (locked) in addition to the retaining ring 37. That is, as shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, a portion of the tip of the spline shaft 18b protruding from the outer end opening of the spline hole 15b passes through the center of the spline shaft 18b and extends in the radial direction. One or more (three in this example) circular holes 43 are provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. Then, the split pin 39 formed by bending a metal material having a circular cross section having corrosion resistance is inserted into any one of the circular holes 43.
[0023]
In this state, the folded portion 44 provided at the base end (the upper end in FIG. 1) of the split pin 39 and having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the circular hole 43 is brought into contact with the inner end surface of the hub 5b. By making contact or close proximity, the displacement of the spline shaft 18b in the direction coming out of the spline hole 15b is restricted (prevented or restricted to a very small amount). Further, in a state where the split pin 39 is inserted into the circular hole 43, a tip portion (a lower end portion in FIG. 1) of the split pin 39 is bent in the axial direction of the circular hole 43 to form a bent portion 45. The split pin 39 is prevented from falling out of the circular hole 43. The split pin 39 may be made of a metal material having corrosion resistance as described above, or may be made to have corrosion resistance by surface treatment such as zinc plating or chrome plating.
[0024]
In order to position the wheel in the radial direction when attaching the wheel to the second flange 11, a through hole 47 is formed in a cylindrical portion 46 provided on the outer end surface of the hub 5b. It is provided in a state where both peripheral surfaces communicate with each other. This through hole 47 is provided for inserting the split pin 39 (to prevent interference between the split pin 39 and the cylindrical portion 46) when inserting the split pin 39 into the circular hole 43. , A long hole extending in the circumferential direction. As described above, a plurality of circular holes 43 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at the tip of the spline shaft 18b. As described above, the reason why the plurality of circular holes 43, 43 into which the split pins 39 are inserted is provided in the circumferential direction is that the phase matching between the circular holes 43, 43 and the through hole 47 in the circumferential direction is easily performed (phase matching). In order to avoid having to do it).
[0025]
That is, when the split pin 39 is inserted into the circular hole 43, if the phase of the circular hole 43 and the through hole 47 in the circumferential direction is deviated, the circle between the through hole 47 and the circular hole 43 may be changed. In order to adjust the phase in the circumferential direction, the engagement between the spline shaft 18b and the spline hole 15b is released (disengaged), and the phase of the through hole 47 and the circular hole 43 in the circumferential direction is adjusted again. The spline shaft 18b and the spline hole 15b need to be spline-engaged. At this time, depending on the work procedure, in order to release the spline engagement between the spline shaft 18b and the spline hole 15b, for example, the outer ring 4 constituting the wheel drive bearing unit 3b is removed from the knuckle 9 constituting the suspension device. It may be necessary to perform troublesome work. Then, the outer ring 4 needs to be attached to the knuckle 9 while the spline shaft 18b and the spline hole 15b are again spline-engaged in a state where the phases of the through hole 47 and the circular hole 43 in the circumferential direction are matched. There is.
[0026]
On the other hand, in the case of the present example, the plurality of circular holes 43 are provided in the circumferential direction, and the inner diameter of the spline shaft 18b in the circumferential direction of the inner diameter of the through hole 47 is set to: The distance between circumferentially opposite portions of the circular holes 43 adjacent in the circumferential direction (the sum of the distance between the centers of the adjacent circular holes 43 and the inner diameters of the circular holes 43) I'm making it big. Therefore, there is no need to perform phase matching between the through hole 47 and the circular hole 43 in the circumferential direction. That is, in a state where the spline shaft 18b and the spline hole 15b are spline-engaged, a part of the through hole 47 is aligned with any one of the circular holes 43. Then, the split pin 39 can be inserted into one of the circular holes 43 through the through hole 47.
[0027]
The wheel driving bearing unit 3b configured as described above couples and fixes the wheel supporting rolling bearing unit 1b and the constant velocity joint 2b as follows. First, the spline shaft 18b is inserted into the spline hole 15b of the hub 5b in a state where the retaining ring 37 is fitted to the inner diameter side retaining groove 36 provided in the spline shaft 18b constituting the driving member 19b. Then, the spline shaft 18b is further advanced, and the retaining ring 37 is bridged (locked) between the outer diameter side engaging groove 42 and the inner diameter side engaging groove 36 provided in the spline hole 15b.
[0028]
Next, the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 46 is adjusted in such a manner that the phase of the circular hole 43 provided at the tip end of the spline shaft 18b and the through hole 47 provided in the cylindrical portion 46 of the hub 5b are matched. The split pin 39 is inserted through the through hole 47 into the circular hole 43 from the side. The operation of matching the circumferential phases of the through hole 47 and the circular hole 43 does not need to be performed as long as the circumferential length of the through hole 47 is regulated as described above. Next, the tip of the split pin 39 is bent in the axial direction of the circular hole 43 to form a bent portion 45 at the tip of the split pin 39. By capping the cap 48 inside the cylindrical portion 46, foreign matter such as gravel or muddy water is prevented from entering the spline engagement portion between the spline hole 15b and the spline shaft 18b. The through hole 47 provided in the cylindrical portion 46 is closed by the wheel while the wheel is fixed to the second flange 11. However, in order to reliably prevent foreign matter from entering through the through hole 47, it is preferable that another cap (not shown) or the like is internally fitted and fixed to the through hole 47, and the through hole 47 is closed.
[0029]
According to the wheel drive bearing unit 3b of the present example configured as described above, even if the worker ends his work without forgetting to attach the retaining ring 37 in the automobile repair shop, the wheel drive bearing unit 3b is provided on the drive member 19b. The split pin 39 locked between the spline shaft 18b and the hub 5b prevents the spline shaft 18b from being displaced in the spline hole 15b provided in the hub 5b. Therefore, even in the case described above, it is possible to prevent the spline shaft 18b from being largely displaced in the direction of coming out of the spline hole 15b, and to obtain a sufficient (minimum or higher) traveling performance. In addition, since the presence or absence of the split pin 39 serving as the locking member can be visually checked from the outside, it is easy to later confirm that the split pin 39 has been left unattached. Therefore, as long as the repair manual is followed, forgetting to attach the split pin 39 can be reliably prevented.
[0030]
Next, FIG. 4 shows a second example of the embodiment of the present invention. While the first example of the above-described embodiment forms the first inner raceway 12 of the first and second inner raceways 12, 14 directly on the hub 5b (see FIG. 1), In the case of this example, first and second inner raceways 12 and 14 are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the pair of inner races 6 and 6 which are externally fitted and fixed to the hub 5c, respectively. Further, in the case of the present embodiment, a locking device according to the present invention is provided between the spline shaft 18b and the hub 5c to prevent the spline shaft 18b from being displaced in the direction of coming out of the spline hole 15b. A stop pin 49 corresponding to a member is provided in addition to the stop ring 37.
[0031]
That is, the stopper pin 49 obtained by subjecting a metal material having a circular cross section having corrosion resistance to plastic working such as forging or press forming is provided with one of the plurality of circular holes 43 provided at the tip of the spline shaft 18b. Is inserted through the circular hole 43. Then, a spherical head 50 having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the circular hole 43 provided at the base end (upper end in FIG. 4) of the stopper pin 49 is brought into contact with the inner end surface of the hub 5c. The contact or close opposition restricts the displacement of the spline shaft 18b in the direction of coming out of the spline hole 15b. Further, in a state where the stop pin 49 is inserted into any one of the circular holes 43, the distal end portion (lower end portion in FIG. 4) of the stop pin 49 is bent in the axial direction of the circular hole 43 to form a bent portion 45 a. Is formed to prevent the stopper pin 49 from coming out of the circular hole 43. The configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as in the first example of the above-described embodiment.
[0032]
Next, FIGS. 5 and 6 show a third example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of the present example, it corresponds to a locking member described in claims for restricting displacement between the spline shaft 18b and the hub 5c in a direction in which the spline shaft 18b comes out of the spline hole 15b. A second retaining ring 51 is provided in addition to the (first) retaining ring 37. As shown in detail in FIG. 6, the second retaining ring 51 is made of an elastic metal material such as a carbon steel plate and has a generally C-shaped section with a rectangular cross section. It has elasticity in the direction of shrinking. Further, a pair of locking arms 52, 52 are formed at both ends, which are discontinuous portions of the second retaining ring 51, in such a manner as to extend outward. Locking holes 53, 53 for engaging a distal end of a diameter-enlargement tool (not shown) are formed at the distal ends of the locking arms 52, 52, respectively.
[0033]
The inner diameter of the second retaining ring 51 in the free state is slightly smaller than the diameter of the groove bottom of the second inner locking groove 54 described below. The inner diameter of the second retaining ring 51 is set to be equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the spline shaft 18b in a state where the interval between the pair of locking arms 52, 52 is elastically widened. On the other hand, of the tip (outer end) of the spline shaft 18b, a portion projecting from the outer end opening of the spline hole 15b has a second inner diameter side for locking the second retaining ring 51. The locking groove 54 is provided over the entire circumference. By mounting the second retaining ring 51 between the second inner diameter side locking groove 54 and the outer end surface of the hub 5c in such a manner that the second retaining ring 51 is bridged over these two portions, the spline shaft 18b is mounted. Displacement in a direction to escape from the spline hole 15b is restricted.
[0034]
The second retaining ring 51 as described above is mounted in the second inner diameter side locking groove 54 after the spline shaft 18b is inserted into the spline hole 15b. That is, the spline shaft 18b is inserted into the spline hole 15b of the hub 5c in a state where the (first) retaining ring 37 is externally fitted in the (first) inner diameter side retaining groove 36 provided in the spline shaft 18b. Insert into Then, the spline shaft 18b is further advanced, and the (first) retaining ring 37 is connected to the outer-diameter locking groove 42 and the (first) inner-diameter locking groove 36 provided in the spline hole 15b. Hang over.
[0035]
Next, the gap between the pair of locking arms 52 is elastically adjusted in a state where the tip of the tool for diameter expansion is engaged with the locking holes 53 of the second retaining ring 51. The second retaining ring 51 is mounted (locked) in the second inner diameter side locking groove 54 provided at the tip of the spline shaft 18b. By capping the cap 48 in the cylindrical portion 46 provided at the outer end of the hub 5c, foreign matter such as gravel and muddy water is spun into the spline engagement portion between the spline hole 15b and the spline shaft 18b. Prevent intrusion. The configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as in the first and second examples of the above-described embodiment.
[0036]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the present invention is applied to a structure using a ball as a rolling element, but the present invention is applied to a wheel drive bearing unit using a cylindrical roller or a tapered roller as a rolling element. Is also applicable.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, even if the retaining ring is lost, a sufficient running performance of at least the minimum is ensured, and the stable operation of the vehicle in which the wheel drive bearing unit is assembled is ensured. Reliability can be further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first example of an embodiment of the present invention in a state where it is attached to a suspension device.
FIG. 2 is a partial side view showing a tip of a spline shaft.
FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a second example of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a third example.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a second retaining ring that is a locking member.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a first example of a conventional structure.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the second example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1a, 1b Rolling bearing unit for wheel support
2,2a, 2b constant velocity joint
3, 3a, 3b Wheel drive bearing unit
4 Outer ring
5, 5a, 5b, 5c hub
6 Inner ring
7 rolling elements
8 First flange
9 Knuckles
10. Outer ring track
11 Second flange
12 First inner ring track
13, 13a Small diameter step
14 Second inner ring orbit
15, 15a, 15b Spline hole
16 Outer ring for constant velocity joint
17 Inner ring for constant velocity joint
18, 18a, 18b Spline shaft
19, 19a, 19b Driving member
20 Outer engagement groove
21 Second spline hole
22 Inner engagement groove
23 balls
24 cage
26 Male thread
27 nut
28 drive shaft
29 Male spline section
30 locking groove
31 retaining ring
32 locking step
33 caulking part
34 steps
35 step surface
36 Inner-diameter locking groove
37 retaining ring
38 Seal ring
39 split pins
40 volts
41 Screw hole
42 Outer diameter side locking groove
43 circular hole
44 Folding part
45, 45a bending part
46 cylindrical part
47 Through hole
48 cap
49 Lock Pin
50 head
51 Second retaining ring
52 Locking arm
53 Lock hole
54 Second Inner Diameter Side Locking Groove

Claims (2)

内周面に複列の外輪軌道を有し、使用時にも回転しない外輪と、車輪を支持する為のフランジを外周面の外端寄り部分に、第一の内輪軌道を直接又は別体の内輪を介して外周面の中間部に、スプライン孔を中心部に、それぞれ設けたハブと、外周面に第二の内輪軌道を有し、このハブの内端部に外嵌した状態でこのハブの内端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させて成るかしめ部により内端面を抑え付けられて上記ハブに固定された内輪と、上記各外輪軌道と上記第一、第二の内輪軌道との間にそれぞれ複数個ずつ転動自在に設けられた転動体と、上記スプライン孔とスプライン係合するスプライン軸を外半部に設けると共に、内半部を等速ジョイントを構成する等速ジョイント用外輪とした駆動部材と、上記ハブの内周面に周方向に設けられた外径側係止部と、上記スプライン軸の外周面に周方向に設けられた内径側係止部と、弾性材製で全体を欠円環状に形成され、この内径側係止部と上記外径側係止部との間に掛け渡された状態で上記スプライン軸が上記スプライン孔から抜け出るのを防止する止め輪とを備えた車輪駆動用軸受ユニットに於いて、上記スプライン軸と上記ハブとの間に、このスプライン軸の上記スプライン孔から抜け出る方向への変位を制限する係止部材を、上記止め輪に加えて設けた事を特徴とする車輪駆動用軸受ユニット。An outer ring that has a double-row outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface and does not rotate even during use, and a flange for supporting the wheel at a portion near the outer end of the outer peripheral surface, the first inner ring raceway is directly or a separate inner ring In the middle of the outer peripheral surface, a hub provided with a spline hole in the center, and a second inner raceway on the outer peripheral surface, and the hub is fitted externally to the inner end of the hub. Between the inner ring fixed to the hub with the inner end face held down by a caulking portion formed by plastically deforming the inner end portion radially outward, and between the outer ring raceways and the first and second inner ring raceways. A plurality of rolling elements each of which is provided so as to freely roll, and a spline shaft that engages with the spline hole in the outer half portion, and the inner half portion has a constant velocity joint outer ring that constitutes a constant velocity joint. Drive member and an outer member provided on the inner peripheral surface of the hub in a circumferential direction. A side locking portion, an inner diameter side locking portion provided in the outer circumferential surface of the spline shaft in a circumferential direction, and an elastic material formed entirely in a partially annular shape, and the inner side locking portion and the outer diameter side A wheel drive bearing unit having a retaining ring for preventing the spline shaft from slipping out of the spline hole in a state of being bridged between the spline shaft and the hub. A wheel drive bearing unit characterized in that a locking member for restricting displacement of the spline shaft in a direction coming out of the spline hole is provided in addition to the retaining ring. 係止部材が、スプライン軸の外端部でスプライン孔の外端開口から突出した部分と、ハブの外端面でこのスプライン孔の周囲に位置する部分との間に設けられている、請求項1に記載した車輪駆動用軸受ユニット。The locking member is provided between a portion protruding from the outer end opening of the spline hole at the outer end of the spline shaft and a portion located around the spline hole on the outer end surface of the hub. The bearing unit for driving a wheel described in the above.
JP2002228760A 2002-04-04 2002-08-06 Bearing unit for wheel driving Pending JP2004001672A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002228760A JP2004001672A (en) 2002-04-04 2002-08-06 Bearing unit for wheel driving

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002101981 2002-04-04
JP2002228760A JP2004001672A (en) 2002-04-04 2002-08-06 Bearing unit for wheel driving

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004001672A true JP2004001672A (en) 2004-01-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002228760A Pending JP2004001672A (en) 2002-04-04 2002-08-06 Bearing unit for wheel driving

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006258197A (en) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-28 Sanden Corp Rotor-to-rotating shaft fastening structure

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006258197A (en) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-28 Sanden Corp Rotor-to-rotating shaft fastening structure

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