JP2003348885A - Method and apparatus for controlling permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the operation state of a permanent magnet synchronous motor at starting, especially the operation state of a pair which is driven by the permanent magnet synchronous motor, with no sensor such as a Hall IC. <P>SOLUTION: An induced voltage at a brushless DC motor is detected (step S2). The operation state of brushless DC motors 30A and 30B is detected based on the detected induced voltage (steps S3 and S5). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control method, a control device, and an air conditioner for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor.
In particular, the present invention relates to a technique for controlling a sine-wave drive type permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A brushless DC motor, which is a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, has a stator winding and a permanent magnet rotor, and its drive is controlled using an inverter or the like.

When such a conventional brushless DC motor is driven by a sine wave driving method without a sensor for detecting the rotational speed and position of the rotor (sensorless) and driving a fan used for heat exchange, a three-phase PWM is used. A part of the three-phase alternating current supplied from the inverter to the brushless DC motor is converted into a rotating coordinate system of the rotor, and the magnetic flux current Id
And a torque current Iq, a rotor position and a rotational speed (rotational speed) are estimated from these currents, and drive control of the fan is performed based on these estimated values.

[0004]

However, when the position and rotation speed (rotation speed) of the rotor are estimated and the drive control of the fan is performed based on these estimated values, brushless DC is required.
Until the motor operates at a certain speed, the operation state of the fan cannot be grasped. That is, at the time of starting, the operating state of the fan cannot be grasped, and there is a problem that the fan does not operate or the fan rotates in reverse despite the drive control.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an operation state of a permanent magnet type synchronous motor at the time of starting without providing a sensor such as a Hall IC, so that the rotor does not reversely rotate, and thus a fan at the time of starting. Can understand the operation status of
An object of the present invention is to provide a control method, a control device, and an air conditioner for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor in which a fan does not rotate reversely.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method of controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor for vector-controlling a sine-wave drive type permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided in the permanent magnet synchronous motor. An induced voltage detecting step of detecting an induced voltage, and an operating state detecting step of detecting an operating state of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor based on the detected induced voltage.

In this case, when the permanent magnet type synchronous motor is in a state where it is assumed that the permanent magnet type synchronous motor is stopped or stopped in the operation state detecting process, a start process is performed to start the permanent magnet type synchronous motor. A start processing step to be performed may be provided.

Further, the operating state detecting step includes a rotation number detecting step of detecting a rotation number of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor, and a state in which the permanent magnet type synchronous motor is stopped or assumed to be stopped. May be the case where the detected rotation speed is less than a predetermined rotation speed.

Further, the operation state detecting step includes a rotation number detecting step of detecting a rotation number of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor, and when the detected rotation number is equal to or higher than a predetermined rotation number, the permanent magnet The method may include a stop processing step of stopping the rotation of the mold synchronous motor, and a start processing step of performing a start processing to start the permanent magnet synchronous motor whose rotation has been stopped in the stop processing step. .

[0010] Further, the start processing step includes an initial position shift step of shifting to a predetermined angle range in which the probability of obtaining a positive torque for rotating the rotor in the normal rotation direction is high, and the position of the rotor is adjusted to the predetermined position. An initial drive control step of performing drive control for driving the rotor in the forward rotation direction when a state in which the rotor is considered to be within the angle range may be provided.

A control apparatus for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor for vector-controlling a sine-wave drive type permanent magnet type synchronous motor comprises an induced voltage detecting section for detecting an induced voltage generated in the permanent magnet type synchronous motor. And an operating state detecting unit for detecting an operating state of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor based on the detected induced voltage.

According to the above configuration, the induced voltage detector detects the induced voltage generated in the permanent magnet type synchronous motor.

Thus, the operating state detecting section detects the operating state of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor based on the induced voltage detected by the induced voltage detecting section.

In this case, when the operating state detecting section detects that the permanent magnet type synchronous motor is in a state where the permanent magnet type synchronous motor is stopped or is considered to be stopped, the operation state detecting section starts the permanent magnet type synchronous motor. A start processing unit that performs a start process may be provided.

Further, the operating state detecting section includes a rotation number detecting section for detecting a rotation number of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor, and a state where the permanent magnet type synchronous motor is stopped or assumed to be stopped. The case in which the detected rotation speed is less than a predetermined rotation speed may be used.

Further, the operating state detecting unit includes a rotational speed detecting unit for detecting a rotational speed of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor, and the control unit is configured to detect when the detected rotational speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined rotational speed. A stop processing unit that stops rotation of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor; and a start processing unit that performs start processing to start the permanent magnet type synchronous motor whose rotation has been stopped by the stop processing unit. It may be.

Further, the start processing section includes an initial position shift section for shifting to a predetermined angle range in which there is a high probability that a positive torque for rotating the rotor in the normal rotation direction can be obtained, An initial drive control unit that performs drive control for driving the rotor in the forward rotation direction when a state in which the rotor is considered to be within the angle range may be provided.

An air conditioner having an indoor unit and an outdoor unit includes a permanent magnet type synchronous motor for driving a fan provided in at least one of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit, and a permanent magnet type synchronous motor. An induced voltage detecting section for detecting an induced voltage generated in the motor, and an operating state detecting section for detecting an operating state of the fan based on the detected induced voltage are provided.

According to the above configuration, the induced voltage detecting section detects the induced voltage generated in the permanent magnet type synchronous motor driving the fan.

Thus, the operating state detecting section detects the operating state of the fan.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner provided with a compressor driven by a permanent magnet type synchronous motor (hereinafter referred to as a brushless DC motor).

The air conditioner 10, as shown in FIG.
It has an outdoor unit 11 and an indoor unit 12. The outdoor refrigerant pipe 14 of the outdoor unit 11 and the indoor refrigerant pipe 15 of the indoor unit 12 are connected via connection pipes 24 and 25.

The outdoor unit 11 is installed outdoors, and a compressor 16 is provided in the outdoor refrigerant pipe 14. An accumulator 17 is connected to a suction side of the compressor 16. Also,
A four-way valve 18 is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 16 via the outdoor refrigerant pipe 14. An outdoor heat exchanger 19 is connected to the four-way valve 18 via the outdoor refrigerant pipe 14.

The outdoor heat exchanger 19 is driven by a brushless DC motor 30A.
An outdoor fan 20 that blows air toward 9 is arranged adjacently.

On the other hand, the indoor unit 12 is installed indoors, and an indoor heat exchanger 21 is provided in the indoor refrigerant pipe 15.
Further, the indoor unit 12 is provided with an electric expansion valve 22 near the indoor heat exchanger 21 in the indoor refrigerant pipe 15. An indoor fan 23 driven by a brushless DC motor 30B and blowing air to the indoor heat exchanger 21 is disposed adjacent to the indoor heat exchanger 21.

When the four-way valve 18 of the outdoor unit 11 is switched to the cooling side or the heating side, the air conditioner 10
Is set to the cooling operation or the heating operation. In other words, when the four-way valve 18 is switched to the cooling side, the refrigerant flows as shown by the solid line arrow, the outdoor heat exchanger 19 becomes a condenser, the indoor heat exchanger 21 becomes an evaporator, and enters a cooling operation state. Twelve indoor heat exchangers 21 cool the room. When the four-way valve 18 is switched to the heating side, the refrigerant flows as indicated by the dashed arrow, the indoor heat exchanger 21 functions as a condenser, the outdoor heat exchanger 19 functions as an evaporator, and enters a heating operation state. Twelve indoor heat exchangers 21 heat the room.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a driving device for the brushless DC motor.

The brushless DC motors 30A and 30B
Stator winding and permanent magnet rotor (not shown)
These brushless DC motors 30A,
30B is a brushless DC motor driving device 50
Driven by In the following description, the operation of the brushless DC motor 30A will be mainly described.

The brushless DC motor driving device 50 is roughly divided into a three-phase PWM inverter 31, an AC power source 32,
A rectifier circuit 33 and a control device 34 are provided.

The three-phase PWM inverter 31 is supplied with DC power obtained by converting AC power from an AC power supply 32 by a rectifier circuit 33. Thereby, the three-phase PWM inverter 31 converts the power into AC power having a predetermined frequency and voltage corresponding to the operation state of the brushless DC motor 30A, and supplies the AC power to the brushless DC motor 30A. As a result, the rotation speed and the like of the brushless DC motor 30A are controlled.

The control unit 34 is roughly divided into a power input unit 35, a three-phase / two-phase coordinate conversion unit 36, a rotor speed / position estimation unit 37, a speed control unit 38, a phase control unit 39, a current control unit 40, 2-phase / 3-phase coordinate converter 41, induced voltage detector 4
2 is provided.

The two-phase / three-phase coordinate converter 41 of the controller 34
Are supplied to a switching element (not shown) of the three-phase PWM inverter 31 by applying pulse-modulated sinusoidal voltage commands Vu, V
v and Vw are output. Thus, the three-phase PWM inverter 31 supplies the brushless DC motor 30A with three-phase AC power whose voltage becomes a pseudo sine wave subjected to pulse width modulation (PWM).

The current input section 35 of the control device 34 has a three-phase P
Of the three-phase AC currents supplied from the WM inverter 31 to the brushless DC motor 30A, the two-phase AC currents Iu and Iv are A / D converted (analog to digital converted) and taken in. In the present embodiment, the suffixes u, v, and w correspond to the u-phase, v-phase, and w-phase of the brushless DC motor 30A, respectively.

The three-phase / two-phase coordinate conversion unit 36 converts the alternating currents Iu and Iv taken in by the current input unit 35 into a rotating coordinate system (dq coordinate system) on the rotor of the brushless DC motor 30A. Then, the magnetic flux current Id (d-axis current) and the torque current Iq (q-axis current) are calculated.

The rotor speed / position estimating unit 37 has three phases / 2
Based on the magnetic flux current Id, the torque current Iq, etc., which have been coordinate-transformed by the phase coordinate conversion unit 36, the brushless DC motor 3
The position and the number of revolutions (speed) of the rotor at 0A are calculated and estimated, for example, every 100 μsec.

The speed control unit 38 performs a proportional-integral control (P) every 1 ms, for example, based on the deviation between the rotor speed estimated by the rotor speed / position estimating unit 37 and the target speed of the rotor.
I control) to generate a torque current Iq target value.

The phase controller 39 takes in the torque current Iq that changes in proportion to the change in the load acting on the brushless DC motor 30A, recognizes the load state, and generates a magnetic flux current Id target value corresponding to the load state. I do. In particular,
The torque current Iq that increases in proportion to the increase in the load acting on the brushless DC motor 30A is taken in, and the target value of the magnetic flux current Id is reduced based on the following equation. In the following equation, k is a positive constant.

Flux current Id target value = −k × Iq ² Due to the decrease of the flux current Id target value, the magnetic flux voltage Vd output by the current control unit 40 decreases as described later, and the two-phase / 3
Voltage commands Vu, Vv, Vw output by phase coordinate converter 41
Is advanced, and the phases of the voltage commands Vu, Vv, Vw delayed by the increase in the load are restored.

The current controller 40 controls the target torque current Iq generated by the speed controller 38 and the actual torque current Iq.
q is executed based on the deviation from q, and the torque voltage V
q (Vq-axis voltage), and further, a target value of the magnetic flux current Id generated by the phase control unit 39 and an actual magnetic flux current Id
The magnetic flux voltage Vd (Vd axis voltage) is calculated by executing PI control based on the deviation from the target value.

The two-phase / three-phase coordinate converter 41 converts the magnetic flux voltage Vd and the torque voltage Vq calculated by the current controller 40 into a three-phase alternating current coordinate system. Are calculated, and these voltage commands Vu, Vv, Vw are used as the three-phase PWM inverter 31.
The three-phase AC power output to a switching element (not shown) of which the voltage becomes a pseudo sine wave subjected to pulse width modulation is
From the three-phase PWM inverter 31 to the brushless DC motor 3
Output to 0A (normal control).

The induced voltage detector 42 detects induced voltages (VGu, VGv, VGw) generated by rotation of the rotor of the brushless motor 30A.

Next, the starting control of the brushless DC motor driving device 50 will be described.

First, the brushless DC motor driving device 50
The control device 34 determines whether or not an electric motor operation command has been issued based on an operator's operation or a previously executed program (step S1).

If it is determined in step S1 that no motor operation command has been issued (step S; No)
1) The processing shifts to a main processing (not shown).

If it is determined in step S1 that a motor operation command has been issued (step S1; Yes), the induced voltage detector 42 causes the induced voltages (VGu, VGv, VGv, VGv, VGv) generated by rotation of the rotor of the brushless motor 30A. V
Gw) is detected (step S2). And the control device 3
4 detects the rotation speed of the rotor of the brushless motor 30A based on the induced voltage. That is, the rotation speed is detected based on the relationship between the induced voltage and the rotation speed stored in advance as shown in FIG.

Next, the controller 34 controls the brushless motor 3
It is determined whether or not the rotor of 0A is stopped (or in a state where it is assumed to be stopped) (step S3).
Here, the condition that the rotor of the brushless motor 30A is stopped or is considered to be stopped is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 5, the detected induced voltage is a predetermined induced voltage V
This is the case when it is less than G1.

If it is determined in step S3 that the rotor of the brushless motor 30A is not stopped (step S3; No), it is determined whether or not the rotation speed of the rotor is equal to or more than a predetermined rotation speed X, ie, As shown in FIG. 5, it is determined whether the detected induced voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined induced voltage VG2 (step S5).

If it is determined in step S5 that the rotation speed of the rotor is equal to or higher than the predetermined rotation speed X, that is, if the detected induced voltage is equal to or higher than the predetermined induced voltage VG2, the rotor is moved to a predetermined position. If it is determined that the rotor is rotating in the reverse direction by performing the positioning process or detecting the phases of the induced voltages VGu, VGv, and VGw,
A motor stop process is performed by performing rotation control in the reverse direction (forward rotation direction) (step S6). Then, the process returns to step S1 to perform the same process.

If it is determined in step S5 that the rotation speed of the rotor is less than the predetermined rotation speed X, that is, if the detected induced voltage is not less than the induced voltage VG1 and less than the induced voltage VG2, the rotation is temporarily stopped. Since it is considered that the rotation stops when the apparatus stands by, the apparatus enters a standby state (step S7). Then, the process returns to step S1 to perform the same process.

If it is determined in step S3 that the rotor of the brushless motor 30A is stopped or is considered to be stopped, a motor start process is performed (step S4).

Here, the motor starting process will be described with reference to FIG.

Assuming that the u-phase direction of the motor is 0 [゜], the rotational direction is within a predetermined angle range (specifically, 270 degrees).
When the rotor is positioned within [゜] to 360 [゜]), a positive torque is obtained for the rotor, and the rotor tends to rotate easily in the forward rotation direction.

Then, the control device 34 performs a rotor positioning process to move the rotor to a predetermined position (in the present embodiment, around 300 [゜]) (step S11).

Here, the reason why the predetermined position of the rotor is set to a predetermined angle of about 300 [範 囲] within a predetermined angle range will be described.

Basically, the position of the rotor is set within a predetermined angle range where the probability of obtaining a positive torque for rotating the rotor in the forward rotation direction at the start of the brushless DC motor 30A (permanent magnet type synchronous motor) is high. It is preferable to shift (initial position shift process).

The predetermined angle range includes a brushless D
When the three-phase alternating current supplied to the C motor 30A is converted into the rotating coordinate system of the rotor, the magnetic flux current decreases in a reduced range, and
It is preferable to set the torque current in a range where the torque current increases. Further, it is more preferable that a predetermined angle near the center angle within a predetermined angle range and at which the rate of increase of the torque current is larger than the center angle be the target rotor position.

As an angle range satisfying these conditions,
As a result of actually measuring the relationship between the torque and the rotor position in FIG.
In the case of the present embodiment, the predetermined angle range is from 270 [゜] to 3
60 [６０]. Further, the center angle within this predetermined angle range is 315 [°], and is an angle near this center angle, and a predetermined angle having a larger torque current increase rate than the center angle = 315 [°] was actually obtained. As a result, 300
The best result was obtained when the target rotor position was set near [付 近].

Note that the target rotor position changes depending on the configuration of the brushless DC motor 30A, and needs to be appropriately determined based on the configuration of the brushless DC motor 30A actually used.

Next, the control device 34 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the rotor positioning process, at which it is considered that the rotor may have moved to a predetermined position (step S12).

If it is determined in step S12 that the predetermined time has not yet elapsed (step S12; N
o), the rotor positioning process is continued (step S1)
1).

If it is determined in step S12 that the predetermined time has elapsed, the controller 34 sets the magnetic flux current I
In order to monotonically increase the torque current Iq by setting d to 0, the voltage Vd = 0 [V] is set by the current control unit 40, and the voltage Vq
Is increased monotonically, and the torque is gradually increased. At this time, the estimated rotation speed (current speed) output from the rotor speed / position estimation unit 37 is not considered.

That is, the current control unit 40 generates the voltage Vq corresponding to the target value of the predetermined torque current Iq such that the voltage monotonically increases based on a predetermined linear equation. In addition, if the monotonic increase continues, an overcurrent state will eventually occur, so the monotonic increase period is limited to a predetermined period.

Next, the controller 34 determines whether the rotor has rotated forward (step S14).

If it is determined in step S14 that the rotor is not rotating forward (step S1).
4; No), a process of stopping the operation of the brushless DC motor 30A is performed (step S20), and the rotor positioning process is performed again with the brushless DC motor 30A completely stopped (step S11). Repeat the process.

If it is determined in step S14 that the rotor is rotating forward (step S1).
4; Yes), a predetermined period of time (3 seconds in the above example) after the voltage Vq is monotonically increased
It is determined whether or not has elapsed (step S15).

In the determination in step S15, the voltage Vq
If the predetermined time has not elapsed from the start of monotonically increasing the voltage of step S15 (step S15; No), the process returns to step S13 to continue the monotonic increase of the voltage Vq.

In the determination in step S15, the voltage Vq
If the predetermined time has elapsed since the start of monotonically increasing the voltage (step S15; Yes), the above-described normal control is performed (step S16).

Next, the controller 34 determines whether or not the rotor is rotating forward (step S17).

If it is determined in step S17 that the rotor is not rotating forward (step S1).
7; No), a process of stopping the operation of the brushless DC motor 30A is performed (step S20), and the rotor positioning process is performed again with the brushless DC motor 30A completely stopped (step S11). Repeat the process.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S17 that the rotor is rotating forward (step S17; Yes), the control device 34 determines whether a stop processing command has been issued by an operator or an abnormality detection sensor or the like. It is determined whether or not it is (step S18).

If it is determined in step S18 that a stop processing command has not been issued by the operator or the abnormality detection sensor (step S18; No),
The process returns to step S16, and the same process is repeated.

If it is determined in step S18 that a stop processing command has been issued by the operator or an abnormality detection sensor (step S18; Yes), an operation stop processing for stopping the operation of the brushless DC motor 30A is performed (step S20). , And the process ends.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the operating state (rotation direction, rotation speed, etc.) of the brushless DC motor 30A at the time of starting can be grasped, and control according to the operating state is performed. This makes it possible to perform optimal start control and start the brushless DC motor 30A reliably. As a result, the fan 20 or the fan 23 can be reliably started.

In the above description, the air conditioner 10
Although the description has been given of the case where the fan is started, the present invention can be applied to a case where the operation state of a permanent magnet type synchronous motor or a driven body driven by the permanent magnet type synchronous motor is detected in other devices.

In the above description, the operating state of the brushless DC motor is detected by detecting the induced voltage of the brushless DC motor. However, the induced voltage of the brushless DC motor is converted to a voltage / current conversion circuit such as a resistance element. It is also possible to configure so that the current is converted to a current via the DC-DC converter and the operating state of the brushless DC motor is detected based on the current.

[0077]

According to the present invention, the operating state of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor at the time of starting can be grasped without providing a sensor such as a Hall IC and the driven body driven by the permanent magnet type synchronous motor. (For example, a fan, a gear, a pulley, a crank, and the like) at the time of starting can be grasped, and starting control can be reliably performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating an air conditioner including a compressor driven by a sine wave drive type permanent magnet synchronous motor (brushless DC motor) according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a driving device of the brushless DC motor according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation state detection process when the brushless DC motor driving device according to the embodiment is started.

FIG. 4 shows the torque of the brushless DC motor according to the embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a magnetic flux current Id and a torque current Iq.

FIG. 5 is a schematic process flowchart of a brushless DC motor driving device according to the embodiment;

[Explanation of symbols]

30A, 30B Brushless DC motor (permanent magnet type synchronous motor) 31 Three-phase PWM inverter 34 Controller 36 Three-phase / two-phase coordinate converter 37 Rotor speed / position estimator 38 Speed controller 39 Phase controller 40 Current controller 41 Two-phase / 3-phase coordinate conversion unit 50 Brushless DC motor driving device (control device) Iu, Iv AC current Id Flux current Iq Torque current Vu, Vv, Vw Voltage command

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Yoshiya Yamagami             1 Otsukicho, Ashikaga-shi, Tochigi Sanyo Electric Air Conditioning             Inside the company (72) Inventor Hiroshi Yoshida             1 Otsukicho, Ashikaga-shi, Tochigi Sanyo Electric Air Conditioning             Inside the company F term (reference) 3L060 AA02 CC10 DD01 EE05 EE06                 5H560 AA02 BB04 BB12 DA13 DB13                       DC12 EB01 EC01 GG04 HA09                       HC03 RR10                 5H576 AA10 BB06 CC05 DD07 EE01                       EE11 FF01 GG04 HA01 HB01                       JJ03 JJ04 KK06 LL16 LL22                       LL25

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A method of controlling a permanent magnet type synchronous motor that vector-controls a sine wave drive type permanent magnet type synchronous motor, comprising: an induced voltage detecting step of detecting an induced voltage generated in the permanent magnet type synchronous motor. An operating state detecting step of detecting an operating state of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor based on the detected induced voltage. A method of controlling a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, comprising: 2. The method of controlling a permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein in the operation state detecting step, when the permanent magnet type synchronous motor is stopped or is considered to be stopped, A method for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising a starting process for performing a starting process to start the permanent magnet synchronous motor. 3. The method of controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein the operation state detecting step includes a rotational speed detecting step of detecting a rotational speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The method of controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor, wherein the case where the synchronous motor is stopped or in a state where it is assumed to be stopped is a case where the detected rotational speed is less than a predetermined rotational speed. 4. The method for controlling a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the operation state detecting step includes a rotation number detecting step of detecting a rotation number of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. When the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined rotation speed,
A stop processing step of stopping the rotation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor; and a start processing step of performing a start processing to start the permanent magnet synchronous motor whose rotation has been stopped in the stop processing step. A method for controlling a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, characterized in that: 5. The control method for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein the starting process includes a predetermined process that has a high probability of obtaining a positive torque for rotating the rotor in a forward rotation direction. An initial position shifting step of shifting to the angle range, and a drive control for driving the rotor in the forward rotation direction when the rotor position is assumed to be within the predetermined angle range. A method for controlling a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, comprising: an initial drive control process to be performed. 6. A control apparatus for a permanent magnet synchronous motor that vector-controls a sine-wave drive type permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising: an induced voltage detecting unit that detects an induced voltage generated in the permanent magnet synchronous motor. A permanent magnet synchronous motor control device, comprising: an operating state detection unit that detects an operating state of the permanent magnet synchronous motor based on the detected induced voltage. 7. The control device for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to claim 6, wherein the operating state detection unit detects that the permanent magnet type synchronous motor is in a state where it is stopped or is considered to be stopped. A control device for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, comprising: a start processing unit for performing a start process to start the permanent magnet type synchronous motor. 8. The control device for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to claim 7, wherein the operation state detection unit includes a rotation speed detection unit for detecting a rotation speed of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor, The control device for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, wherein the case where the synchronous motor is stopped or imitated to be stopped is a case where the detected rotational speed is less than a predetermined rotational speed. 9. The control device for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to claim 6, wherein the operation state detection unit includes a rotation number detection unit for detecting a rotation number of the permanent magnet type synchronous motor, A stop processing unit that stops the rotation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor when the detected rotation speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined rotation speed; and the permanent magnet synchronous motor whose rotation is stopped by the stop processing unit. A control device for a permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising: a start processing unit that performs a start process for starting. 10. The control device for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor according to claim 7, wherein the start processing unit has a high probability of obtaining a positive torque for rotating the rotor in a positive rotation direction. An initial position shifting unit for shifting to an angle range, and a drive control for driving the rotor in the forward rotation direction when a state is assumed that the position of the rotor is within the predetermined angle range. A control device for a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, comprising: 11. An air conditioner having an indoor unit and an outdoor unit, wherein: a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving a fan provided in at least one of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit; An air conditioner, comprising: an induced voltage detecting unit that detects an induced voltage generated in a motor; and an operating state detecting unit that detects an operating state of the fan based on the detected induced voltage. .