JP2003311580A - Raceway protective bellows support for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bellows support for a machine tool for supporting both a bellows protecting a carriage raceway of a drive shaft system and a bellows protecting a passage provided in subparallel with the drive shaft system, which is hard to break even if the carriage moves at a high speed. <P>SOLUTION: The raceway protective bellows support for machine tool is configured so that a freely-extendable bellows 15 covering a longly-installed guide rail 11 is provided between one side section of the carriage 12 installed along the guide rail 11 so as to reciprocate and one end side of the guide rail 11, a bellows support member 51 supporting this bellows 15 is movably-provided on the guide rail 11, another freely-extendable bellows 35 protecting an optical axis placed in parallel with the guide rail 11 is provided in addition to the bellows 15, and the bellows 35 is supported by the bellows support member 51. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a track protection bellows support device for a machine tool, and more particularly to a support member for supporting a first bellows which covers a carriage track of a drive shaft system. The second bellows, which protects the optical axis provided substantially parallel to the drive shaft system, is supported.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 shows a conventional bellows supporting device 500.
It is a figure which shows schematic structure of.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a section taken along line IXA-IXB in FIG.

The conventional bellows supporting device 500 is, for example, a carriage 510 that can move linearly from a fixed body 520 provided in a laser beam machine to the fixed body 520.
It is a device that supports the bellows that covers and protects the laser optical path that transmits the laser light. In the laser processing machine, a drive shaft system for driving the carriage 510 is provided in parallel with the optical path and near the optical path.

In the bellows supporting device 500, an appropriate number (see FIG.
In the case of 2) bellows guides 522A, 522B
Carriage that includes a nozzle (not shown) that linearly moves with respect to the fixed body 520 via a linear guide (not shown) in the direction of approaching and separating from the fixed body 520, and that irradiates the work with laser light. Bellows guides 522A and 522B support an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of a bellows 526 which is provided so as to be capable of expanding and contracting between the end portion 511 of 510 and the end portion 521 of the fixed body 520.

Two bellows guides 522A and 522B
Is provided integrally with the fixed body 520 and the carriage 5
Bellows guides 522A and 52A along the moving direction of 10
Two guide bars 52 provided long above 2B
4 is slidably provided.

In the bellows guide 522A, two bushes 523A, which are provided integrally with the bellows guide 522A at two locations on the upper side, are slidably fitted to the two guide bars 524, respectively. By doing so, the two guide bars 524 are slidable in the longitudinal direction.

The bellows guide 522B has the same structure as the bellows guide 522A and has two bushes 5
It is provided slidably on the guide bar 524 through 23B.

As a result, the middle portion of the bellows 526 in the longitudinal direction is suspended from the guide bar 524,
For example, it is supported so as not to bend downward due to gravity.

Two bellows guides 522A and 522B
The bushes 523A, 523B are made of, for example, a synthetic resin such as nylon in order to allow the bushes 523 to slide smoothly with respect to the guide bar 524.
The inner diameters of A and 523B are slightly larger than the outer diameter of the guide bar 524.

On the outer surface of the bellows 526, a limiting tape 525 is provided integrally with the bellows 526 in the moving direction of the carriage 510 (axial direction of the bellows 526). The limiting tape 525 is for preventing the bellows 526 from being extremely stretched and damaged, and is made of a member having a higher tensile strength than the bellows 526.

The two bellows guides 522A and 522
A through hole 531 that allows laser light to pass therethrough is provided on the lower side of 22 </ b> B and surrounded by the bellows 526.

Next, the operation of the bellows guides 522A, 522B and the like when the carriage 510 moves will be described.

Since the bellows 526 is supported by the plurality of bellows guides 522A and 522B, the end portion 511 of the carriage 510 and the bellows guide 5 are supported.
22A, a region A2 between the bellows guides 522A and 522B, and a region A3 between the bellows guide 522B and the end portion 521 of the fixed body 520.

When the carriage 510 moves to the left in FIG. 8, the bellows 526 existing in the area A1 begins to contract, and the carriage 510 further moves to the left, and the bellows 526 existing in the area A1 moves to the carriage 510.
Bellows 526
The bellows guide 522A is pushed by the bellows guide 522A, and the bush 523A provided on the bellows guide 522A slides with respect to the guide bar 524.
A starts moving to the left in FIG.

By moving the bellows guide 522A to the left, the bellows 526 existing in the area A2 begins to contract.

When the carriage 510 further moves to the left and the bellows 526 existing in the area A2 cannot be further contracted in the moving direction of the carriage 510, the bellows 526 pushes the bellows guide 522B and the bellows guide 522B is moved to the above-mentioned position. Like the bellows guide 522 </ b> A of FIG. 8, it starts to move to the left in FIG. 8.

In this way, the carriage 510 is shown in FIG.
Along with moving to the left of the bellows guide 52
2A and 522B move to the left in FIG. 8 while supporting the bellows 526.

In FIG. 8, the carriage 510 moves to the left and the bellows guide 522A starts to move to the left because the bellows 52 existing in the area A1.
It is general that the bellows guide 522A starts to move when the bellows 526 existing in the area A1 is reduced to some extent and compressed so that the bellows 526 does not necessarily shrink completely.

For example, the bellows 52 existing in the area A1
The drag force when 6 contracts is the bellows 5 existing in the area A1.
When the bellows guide 522A increases by a certain amount of contraction and becomes larger than the drag force when the bellows guide 522A moves, the bellows guide 522A starts to move even if the bellows 526 existing in the area A1 does not completely shrink. .

When the carriage 510 moves to the right in FIG. 8, the bellows 526 existing in the area A1 begins to expand. The behavior of the bellows 526 is similar to that when it contracts.

FIG. 10 is an axial sectional view showing a schematic structure of a second conventional bellows supporting device 600.

In the bellows supporting device 500, the bellows 5
Bellows guides 522A, 5 supporting the middle portion of 26
22B is supported by a cylindrical guide bar 524 provided above the bellows guides 522A and 522B,
Through the bushes 523A and 523B, the guide bar 52
4 is slidably provided in the axial direction of 4 (movement direction of the carriage 510), but in the bellows supporting device 600, the bellows guide 62 that supports the intermediate portion of the bellows 526.
1 is a plate-like rail 6 horizontally provided above the rail 1.
The bellows support device 500 is different from the bellows support device 500 in that it is slidable in the carriage movement direction via slide plates 623A and 623B which are supported by 24 and are made of synthetic resin such as nylon.

That is, the plate-shaped rail 6 is provided above the bellows guide 621 supporting the intermediate portion of the bellows 526.
24 are provided with notches 622 larger than the axial cross section of the plate-shaped rail 624, and the upper and lower edges of the notches 622 are closer to the notches 622 than these edges. The plate-shaped slide plates 623A and 623B are fixed so as to slightly protrude.

Then, the slide plates 623A, 62
The upper and lower surfaces of the plate-shaped rail 624 are sandwiched by the 3B from above and below. Further, in order to enable the bellows guide 621 to slide smoothly on the plate-shaped rail 624, the slide plate 623
The distance between A and 623B is slightly larger than the thickness of the plate-shaped rail 624 (thickness in the vertical direction in FIG. 10).

FIG. 11 is a partial sectional view in the axial direction showing a schematic structure of a third conventional bellows supporting device 700.

However, unlike the bellows support devices 500 and 600, the bellows support device 700 is a device that supports the bellows that protects the carriage of the drive shaft system that is provided parallel to the optical path of the laser beam machine. .

In the bellows supporting device 700, the bellows 7
The bellows guide 722 that supports the intermediate portion of the reference numeral 26 is supported by a groove-shaped rail 724 provided on the side thereof, and via the roller 723A, the axial direction of the rail 724 (the moving direction of the carriage of the drive system). ) Is different from the bellows support device 500 in that it is provided movably.

That is, the bellows guide 722 supporting the intermediate portion of the bellows 726 is provided with a protrusion 722A in the horizontal direction, and the protrusion 722 is provided at the end thereof.
A roller holder 723C is fixed so as to project downward from the lower end side of A. A U-shaped cutout is provided in the center of the lower end of the roller holder 723C, and a roller 723A is rotatably provided in the cutout via a shaft 723B.

Then, the roller 723A rolls on the upper surface in the groove of the groove-shaped rail 724 provided with the opening upward, so that the bellows guide 722 is moved by the carriage of the drive system while being supported by the rail 724. You can move in any direction.

In each of the above-mentioned conventional examples, the bellows supporting devices 500 and 600 are bellows supporting devices for protecting the optical path of the laser processing machine, and the bellows supporting device 700 protects the carriage trajectory of the drive shaft system of the laser processing machine. Although it is used as a support device for the bellows, it is not limited to these applications. That is, the bellows supporting devices 500 and 600 may be a bellows supporting device that protects the carriage trajectory of the drive shaft system of the laser processing machine, and the bellows supporting device 700 may be a bellows supporting device that protects the optical path of the laser processing machine.

[0032]

In the conventional bellows support device 500, when the bellows guide 522A moves along with the movement of the carriage 510, the bellows guide 522A has the center of the surface to which the bellows 526 is fixed. In the vicinity, a force in a direction substantially parallel to the moving direction of the carriage 510 is received from the carriage 510 and the bellows 526. On the other hand, the bellows guide 522A is
Since it is supported by the guide bar 524 at its upper portion, when the above-mentioned force due to the movement of the carriage 510 is received, as shown in FIG.
In the above, the bellows guide 522A receives a rotational moment that the lower side of the bellows guide 522A swings in the left-right direction with the guide bar 524 as a fulcrum.

The bellows guide 522A inclines due to a slight gap between the bush 523A fixed to the bellows guide 522A and the guide bar 524 and the rotational moment generated in the bellows guide 522A. Further, the bellows guide 522B is also inclined similarly to the bellows guide 522A. Due to this tilt, FIG.
Bush 523A, bush 523B and guide bar 5
It is easy for a galling phenomenon to occur between 24 and 24.

For example, when the carriage 510 moves at high speed, the bellows guide 522A is suddenly pushed,
When the degree of inclination of the bellows guide 522A increases, even if the bellows guide 522A is pushed by the carriage 510, the restraining force due to the galling phenomenon becomes large, and the bellows guide 522A may not be able to move, and the bellows supporting device 500 may be damaged. There is a problem that there is something to do.

The above-mentioned problem is caused by the bellows supporting device 60.
The same problem occurs at 0.

Further, in the bellows supporting device 700, since the roller 723A is used, the galling phenomenon is unlikely to occur, but when the carriage moves at a high speed, the bellows guide becomes inclined to a large extent. There is a problem that the bellows supporting device 700 may be damaged.

When the bellows supporting device as described above is adopted, the above-mentioned problem occurs not only in the laser processing machine but also in other machine tools, for example.

The present invention relates to a bellows supporting device for a machine tool, which supports a bellows for protecting a carriage orbit of a drive shaft system and a bellows for protecting a passage provided substantially parallel to the drive shaft system. An object of the present invention is to provide a bellows supporting device for a machine tool that is not easily damaged even when the carriage is moved at high speed.

[0039]

The present invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that between one side portion of a carriage reciprocatingly provided along a long guide rail and one end side of the guide rail, An expandable first bellows for covering the guide rail is provided, and a bellows supporting member for supporting the first bellows is movably provided on the guide rail to protect a passage provided in parallel with the guide rail. Free second
Is provided separately from the first bellows, and the second bellows is supported by the bellows support member, which is a track protection bellows support device for a machine tool.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the orbit protection bellows supporting device for a machine tool according to the first aspect, the machine tool is a laser processing machine, and the passage is for a laser beam used for laser processing. This is a device for supporting the bellows of a machine tool which is an optical path.

[0041]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows supporting device 100 of a laser beam machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line IIA-IIB in FIG. 1, and is a track protection bellows supporting device 1 of the laser processing machine.
It is a front view which shows schematic structure of 00.

FIG. 3 shows IIIA-IIIB in FIG.
It is a figure showing a section, and is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of track protection bellows support device 100 of a laser beam machine.

First, the laser processing machine LS1 in which the track protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser processing machine is used will be outlined.

The laser beam machine LS1 is a device for irradiating a workpiece with laser light from the lower end portion of the nozzle 38 shown in FIG. 2 to perform laser processing on the workpiece.

The nozzle 38 is connected to the X-axis drive system 60 and the Y-axis in the X-axis direction shown in FIG. 1 and in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
It can be moved linearly by the shaft drive system 10, and by moving the nozzle 38, the workpiece can be processed into various shapes. Here, the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are
It is almost horizontal.

The X-axis drive system 60 forms a fixed member of the X-axis drive system 60, and includes two base members 66 provided in parallel with each other at separated positions, and the two base members long in the X-axis direction. An X-axis carriage 6 provided between the base members 66 and linearly moving in the X-axis direction with respect to the base member 66.
2 and the X-axis carriage 62 with respect to the base member 66,
The linear guide rail 61 and the nut 6 for guiding the X-axis carriage 62 when linearly moving in the X-axis direction.
3 and a linear motor 67 for driving the X-axis carriage 62.

Each of the two base members 66 is formed in a plane for horizontally installing the linear guide rail 61 and has rail installation surfaces 66A extending in the X-axis direction, and the rails facing each other. The two base members 66 are integrally provided on a table (not shown) on which the workpiece is mounted, for example, in a state where the two base members 66 are separated from each other so that the installation surfaces 66A are parallel to each other.

The linear guide includes the base member 66.
Linear rails formed between the rails 61 that are long in the X-axis direction and are parallel to each other on the rail installation surfaces 66A and are vertically separated from each other, and the nuts 63 slidably fitted on these rails 61 are formed by rolling bearings. It is a ball bearing, and a pressure is applied between the rail 61 and the nut 63, for example, by making the diameter of the ball used for the rolling bearing slightly larger than a normal value. That is, the clearance between the rail 61 and the nut 63 has a zero clearance.

By applying pressure in this way, X
The play of the shaft carriage 62 is eliminated, and the positioning accuracy of the X-axis carriage 62 is improved. Further, by adopting the rolling bearing, the X-axis carriage 62 can move smoothly even if a pressure is applied.

On the rail installation surface 66A, as described above,
A linear guide rail 61 is provided along the X-axis direction. In this example, two rails 61 that are parallel to each other are provided on the rail installation surface of one base member 66, but the number of rails 61 may be an appropriate number.

The substantially rectangular parallelepiped X-axis carriage 62 existing between the two base members 66 has two ends substantially parallel to the rail installation surface 66A at both ends on the two base member 66 sides. The partial plane 62A is provided.

Each of the two end planes 62A has 2
A nut 63 that fits with the rail 61 provided on each of the rail installation surfaces 66A of the one base member 66 and that is linearly movable is integrally provided. Also, 2
Each of the two end planes 62A and the rail installation surface 66A
A linear motor 67 for driving the X-axis carriage 62 is provided between each of these.

The Y-axis drive system 10 includes an X-axis carriage 62 that forms a fixed member of the Y-axis drive system 10, a Y-axis carriage 12 that linearly moves in the Y-axis direction with respect to the X-axis carriage 62, and a Y-axis carriage 12. A linear guide rail 1 for guiding the Y-axis carriage 12 in the Y-axis direction when the axis carriage 12 linearly moves in the Y-axis direction with respect to the X-axis carriage 62.
1 and a linear guide composed of nut 13, and Y
A linear motor 37 for driving the shaft carriage 12 (see FIG.
) And).

The linear guide is, for example, a linear ball bearing having a rolling bearing between the rail 11 and the nut 13, and the rail 11 and the nut 1 are provided.
A pressure is applied between 3 and 3, for example, by making the diameter of the ball used for the rolling bearing slightly larger than a normal value.

By applying pressure in this way, X
The Y-axis carriage 12 does not play with respect to the axis carriage 62, and the positioning accuracy of the Y-axis carriage 12 improves. Also, by adopting rolling bearings,
The Y-axis carriage 12 can move smoothly even when a pressure is applied.

The X-axis carriage 62 has a flat upper surface for mounting the rail 11 on the upper surface, and has a rail installation surface 62B which is long in the Y-axis direction on the upper surface as shown in FIG. Linear guide rail 11 along the axial direction
Is provided. In this example, the rail installation surface 62
Two rails 11 parallel to each other are provided in B, but the number of rails 11 may be an appropriate number.

X on the upper and side parts of the X-axis carriage 62.
The Y-axis carriage 1 is provided so as to be separated from the axis carriage 62 and has a substantially L-shaped cross-section in a direction perpendicular to the Y-axis.
As shown in FIG. 3, the No. 2 has a nut installation surface 12A which is substantially parallel to the rail installation surface 62B on one inner surface thereof.

On the nut installation surface 12A, the rail 11 provided on the rail installation surface 62B of the X-axis carriage 62.
Nut 1 that fits with and can move linearly in the Y-axis direction
3 (shown in FIG. 1) are integrally provided. Further, between the rail installation surface 62B and the nut installation surface 12A,
The linear motor 37 that drives the Y-axis carriage 12
It is provided as shown in FIG.

A nozzle 38 is appropriately provided on a surface outside the L-shaped Y-axis carriage 12 that is orthogonal to the nut mounting surface 12A. Above the nozzle 38, an optical axis carriage is provided. 32 is provided (see FIGS. 1 and 2), and the optical axis carriage 32 is integrally fixed to the Y axis carriage 12. Therefore, the carriage 12 is Y
When moved in the axial direction, the nozzle 38 and the optical axis carriage 32
And move with the Y-axis carriage 12.

The optical path 30 provided in parallel with the Y-axis drive system 10 and arranged side by side in a substantially horizontal direction forms a path for the laser light emitted from the nozzle 38.

A mirror 65, which is emitted from the laser oscillator provided in the laser beam machine LS1 along the X-axis direction and is integrally provided in a housing 64 fixed to one end of the X-axis carriage 62. As shown in FIG. 1, the laser light irradiated horizontally in the X-axis direction is reflected horizontally in the Y-axis direction by the mirror 65, and the reflected laser light is reflected by the optical path 30.
Passing through the mirror 39, which is integrally provided on the optical axis carriage 32 fixed to the Y-axis carriage 12, the incident laser light is reflected vertically downward by the mirror 39, and the nozzle 38 The laser beam is emitted from the lower end portion of the laser to irradiate the workpiece placed under the nozzle 38 for laser processing.

Next, the orbit protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser processing machine will be described.

The orbit protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser beam machine is, as shown in FIG.
The Y-axis drive system 1 extends across the one end 17A in the axial direction and the fixed end 16A forming the fixed end of the Y-axis drive system 10.
It covers the track of the Y-axis carriage 12 that moves at 0 and protects it, and supports the U-shaped bellows 15 that is opened from below.

Both ends of the bellows 15 are fixed to the end 17A of the Y-axis carriage 12 and the fixed end 16A of the Y-axis drive system 10 by, for example, bolts or caulking. In addition, the fixed end portion 16 of the Y-axis drive system 10
The end portion 17A of the A and Y-axis carriage 12 is connected to the Y-axis drive system 1
In order to prevent dust from entering the 0 carriage path, the opening at the end of the bellows 15 is closed.

The orbit protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser beam machine moves horizontally in the Y-axis direction between the end 37A of the optical axis carriage 32 in the Y-axis direction and the fixed end 36A. The bellows 35 is provided to cover and protect the optical path 30 of the laser light between the optical axis carriage 32 and the housing 64.

Each of the both ends of the bellows 35 is fixed to the end 37A of the optical axis carriage 32 and the one end of the X axis carriage 62 by a bolt or caulking. It is fixed to. Further, the fixed end portion 36A and the end portion 37A of the optical axis carriage 32 are configured to close the opening portion of the end portion of the bellows 35 in order to prevent dust from entering the optical path 30.

By covering with bellows as described above,
For example, dust or the like is prevented from adhering to the rail 11 constituting the Y-axis drive system, dust or the like is prevented from entering the laser optical path 30, and the operator does not accidentally put his or her hand in the laser optical path 30. I have to.

Further, in the orbit protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser processing machine, the case 64 holding the mirror 65 is used.
However, since it is integrally fixed to the X-axis carriage 62, the relative positional relationship between the fixed end portion 16A of the Y-axis drive system 10 and the fixed end portion 36A of the housing 64 does not change, Since the optical axis carriage 32 is provided integrally with the Y axis carriage 12, even if the Y axis carriage 12 moves, the end portion 17A of the Y axis carriage 12 and the end portion 37A of the optical axis carriage 32 are separated from each other. The relative positional relationship between them does not change.

Further, in the track protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser processing machine, in order to prevent the middle portions of the bellows 15 and 35 from bending downward due to gravity and being damaged, the middle portions of the bellows 15 and 35 are prevented. The bellows guide 51 that supports the bellows in common is provided, and the bellows nut 14 joins the bellows guide 51 to support the bellows guide 51 movably in the Y-axis direction.

Like the nut 13, the bellows nut 14 is fitted to the rail 11 of the linear guide used in the Y-axis drive system 10 so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction.
A linear ball bearing is formed with the rail 11. However, the bellows nut 14 is used for the Y-axis drive system 10.
This nut is separate from the nut 13 that guides the carriage 12 of FIG. Further, the diameter of the ball used for the nut 14 is slightly smaller than the normal value, so that the nut 14 can be moved with a smaller driving force between the nut 14 and the rail 11. , It is in a state where no pressure is applied.

As shown in FIG. 3, the bellows guide 51 is provided, for example, on a main body portion 51A formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped plate shape and one end of the lower long side of the rectangular parallelepiped shape. A nut mounting portion 51B used when mounting the 51 on the nut 14 and a nut mounting portion 51C provided in the middle of the lower long side of the rectangular parallelepiped shape and configured in the same manner as the nut mounting portion 51B. Have.

The mounting portions 51B and 51C are formed by bending a part of the main body portion 51A at a right angle, for example.
For example, it is fixed to the nut 14 by the bolt BT1.

The bellows guide 51 includes a Y-axis bellows mounting portion 51D provided on the nut mounting portions 51B and 51C, a through hole 52 through which laser light passes, and the optical path 30. The bellows 35 having a square cross section in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction is attached and supported so as to surround and cover the optical path 30, and the through hole 52 is provided.
And a bellows mounting portion 51E for the optical axis, which is provided so as to cover the through hole 52 around.

The Y-axis bellows mounting portion 51D
The bellows 15 is attached and supported so that the bellows 15 having a U-shaped cross section in a direction perpendicular to the Y axis and having an opening on the lower side covers the upper side of the carriage trajectory of the Y axis. Further, the through hole 52 is provided in the main body 51A from the Y-axis bellows mounting portion 51D to the optical path 3 of the laser light.
It is provided on one end side protruding in the 0 direction.

Next, the bellows guide 51 moves the bellows 1
The state of supporting 5, 35 will be described.

First, the bellows 15 will be described. The bellows 15 provided between the end 17A and the fixed end 16A shown in FIG. 1 are divided in the Y-axis direction at the plurality of bellows guides 51.

The ends of the divided bellows in the Y-axis direction are integrally fixed to the bellows mounting portion 51D of the bellows guide 51 by, for example, bolts or caulking.

The bellows 35 of the optical path 30 is also constructed similarly to the bellows 15, and is integrally fixed to the bellows mounting portion 51E of the bellows guide 51.

Further, the orbit protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser beam machine has a structure in which the bellows 15 and 35 are divided, but the bellows guide 51 supports and supports the intermediate portion of the bellows 15 and 35. If the supported bellows can perform the track protection function, it is not necessary to divide the bellows.

Next, the operation of the track protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser processing machine will be described.

In the state shown in FIG. 1, the Y-axis carriage 12 and the optical-axis carriage 32 provided integrally therewith are closest to the Y-axis fixed end portion 16B located on the right side in the figure. It shows the state. When the Y-axis carriage 12 starts to move to the left from this state, the bellows 15 provided between the end portion 17A of the Y-axis carriage 12 and the bellows guide 51 existing immediately adjacent thereto and the optical axis carriage 32. The bellows 35, which is provided between the end portion 37A and the bellows guide 51 existing immediately adjacent to the end portion 37A, starts contracting.

Y-axis carriage 12 and optical-axis carriage 32
When and move further, the end portion 17A of the Y-axis carriage 12
And a bellows guide 35 provided between the bellows guide 51 existing immediately next to the bellows guide 51, and a bellows guide 35 provided between the end portion 37A of the optical axis carriage 32 and the bellows guide 51 existing immediately next to the bellows guide. The bellows guide 51 is pushed by the pushed bellows guide 51.
Starts moving to the left.

At this time, the bellows guide 51 moves while being supported by the nut 14, and there is almost no clearance between the nut 14 and the rail 11, so that the bellows guide 51 is hardly tilted by the movement. Absent.

Further, the bellows guides 51 other than the end portion 17A of the Y-axis carriage 12 and the bellows guide 51 existing immediately adjacent thereto also move in the same manner without tilting as the Y-axis carriage 12 moves to the left. To do.

In the above description of the operation, the case where the Y-axis carriage 12 moves to the left and the bellows 15 and 35 contract is described. However, when the bellows guides 51 and 35 extend from the contracted state, the bellows guide 51 is almost the same as when contracting. Operates, and the bellows guide 51 hardly tilts at this time.

According to the orbit protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser beam machine, the bellows guide 51 supports the middle part of the Y-axis bellows 15 and the middle part of the optical axis bellows 35 in common, and furthermore, the bellows The guide 51 is linearly movable on the rail 11 used in the Y-axis drive system 10,
Since it is fixed to the fitted nut 14 with almost no clearance, when the bellows guide 51 moves due to the movement of the Y-axis carriage 12, the bellows guide does not tilt obliquely, and the Y-axis carriage 12 , Even when the optical axis carriage 32 is moved at high speed, Y
The axis bellows 15 and the optical axis bellows 35 are less likely to be damaged.

That is, the guide portion of the Y-axis carriage 12 and the guide portion of the bellows guide 51 are common and Y
When the shaft carriage 12 acts so as to move the bellows guide 51 in the Y-axis direction, a force (moment) for inclining the bellows guide 51 with the rail 11 as a fulcrum does not act, so that the rail 11 and the Y-axis move. The galling phenomenon does not occur between the carriage 12 and the bellows guide 51. Therefore, even if the Y-axis carriage 12 rapidly moves at high speed, the bellows guide 51 can be moved without any problem, and the bellows 15, 3 can be moved.
5 can be expanded and contracted.

According to the track protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser beam machine, since the nut 14 supporting the bellows guide 51 is not pressed against the rail 11, the nut 14 is not attached to the Y-axis. With a force smaller than that of the nut 13 supporting the carriage 12, the linear movement can be performed with respect to the rail 11, and the bellows guide 51 can smoothly move.

Further, in the orbit protection bellows of the laser processing machine, a limiting tape may be provided on at least one of the bellows 15 and 35 as in the conventional example. By providing this limiting tape, it is possible to prevent the bellows 15 and 35 from being extremely extended and damaged.

The limiting tape may be provided on at least one of the bellows 15 and 35. The bellows 15 and 35 are common to the bellows guide 5.
This is because they are supported by 1 and move in almost the same manner.

In the orbit protection bellows of the laser beam machine, since the bellows 15 covers the Y-axis carriage orbit, Y
Dust becomes less likely to enter the linear motor 37 of the shaft drive system 10, and malfunctions caused by the dust being adsorbed by the magnet of the linear motor 37 can be avoided as much as possible.

Further, in the orbit protection bellows of the laser processing machine, since the optical path 30 is covered with the bellows 35, it becomes difficult for dust to enter the laser optical path 30, and attenuation of the laser light in the laser optical path 30 can be avoided as much as possible. .

Further, in the orbit protection bellows of the laser processing machine, the Y-axis carriage orbit and the optical path 30 are not covered by one bellows, but are separately covered by the bellows 15 and the bellows 35. The optical path 30 and the optical path 3
This is because it is necessary to increase the cleanness of 0. By separately covering in this manner, the Y-axis drive system 1
The dust generated from the linear motor 37, the nut 14, etc. by the driving of 0 does not enter the optical path 30.

In the orbit protection bellows of the laser beam machine, the optical path 30 includes the bellows 35 and the fixed portion 36A of the housing 64.
And the end portion 37A of the optical axis carriage 32 are covered in a closed form, and since there is nothing that generates dust in this closed space, the cleanliness of the laser optical path 30 should be kept high. You can

Further, in the orbit protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser beam machine, if the nut 14 supporting the bellows guide 51 having a small size in the Y-axis direction is used, the size of the bellows 15 is reduced. be able to.

Here, the dead dimension means, for example, the end portion 17A.
And the bellows provided between the fixed end portion 16A,
It is a dimension that does not shrink further in the Y-axis direction. When the Y-axis carriage 12 approaches the fixed end 16A, the end 17A
Is the distance between the end portion 17A and the fixed end portion 16A when all the nuts 14 are in contact with each other and the fixed end portion 16A and the nut 14 are in contact with each other.

Further, in the orbit protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser beam machine, when the bellows 15 becomes the above-mentioned size, the end surface of the nut 14 in the Y-axis direction and the end surface of the nut 14 in the Y-axis direction which are in contact with each other. At least one of the surface of the end portion 17A of the Y-axis carriage 12 that contacts the portion and the surface of the fixed end portion 16A of the Y-axis drive system 10 that contacts the end portion of the nut 14 in the Y-axis direction, such as a rubber plate. A configured damper may be provided.

By providing the damper, when the Y-axis carriage 12 moves at a high speed, for example, the nut 1
Even if the four collide with each other, the impact of this collision can be softened, noise and vibration generated by the collision can be mitigated, and the orbit protection bellows supporting device 1 of the laser processing machine 1
It is possible to extend the life of the No. 00 nut 14.

In the orbit protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser processing machine, the left bellows supporting device shown in FIG. 1 (for example, the left end 17A of the carriage 12 and the Y-axis drive system 10).
Although the bellows supporting device between the right side fixed end 16A of the Y-axis drive system 10 and the bellows supporting device between the right side fixed end 16B of the carriage 12 and the right side fixed end 16B of the carriage 12 is described. The bellows support device) is similarly configured.

In the bellows support device on the right side,
Since there is no optical path for the laser light, protection of the laser optical path is unnecessary. Therefore, the end portion 37 of the optical axis carriage 32 is
The bellows located to the right of B may be deleted.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows support device 200 for a laser processing machine, which is a modification of the track protection bellows support device 100 for a laser processing machine.

In the track protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser beam machine, two rails are provided in parallel with the Y-axis drive system 10, and the bellows guide 51 is slidably fitted to the upper rail shown in FIG. 2 of the mating nut 14 and the nut 14 slidingly fitted to the lower rail shown in FIG.
Supported by one nut.

In the orbit protection bellows supporting device 200 of the laser beam machine, the nut 1 for supporting the plurality of bellows guides 51 on the two rails provided in the Y-axis drive system 10.
4 are provided alternately, and each bellows guide 51 is different from the track protection bellows support device 100 of the laser processing machine in that each bellows guide 51 is supported by one nut 14, but otherwise the track protection bellows support device 100 of the laser processing machine is provided. Is configured similarly to.

According to the track protection bellows support device 200 of the laser processing machine, the number of nuts 14 slidingly fitted on one rail is smaller than that of the track protection bellows support device 100 of the laser processing machine, and Each bellows guide 51
Since one nut 14 for supporting the rail is alternately provided on the two rails, the size of the bellows can be made smaller than that of the track protection bellows supporting device 100 of the laser processing machine.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows support device 300 of the laser processing machine that is the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a VIA-VIB arrow view in FIG. 5, and is a track protection bellows supporting device 3 of the laser processing machine.
It is a front view which shows schematic structure of 00.

FIG. 7 shows VIIA-VIIB in FIG.
It is a sectional view, and is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of a track protection bellows support device 300 of a laser beam machine.

In the orbit protection bellows supporting device 300 of the laser beam machine, the optical paths 30 are provided in parallel with the Y-axis drive system 10 and at substantially vertical positions, and are thus arranged in the vertical direction. It differs from the track protection bellows support device 100 of the laser processing machine in that it supports the bellows that protects the carriage track and the optical path, and the other parts are the track protection bellows support device 10 of the laser processing machine.
It is configured almost the same as 0 and operates similarly.

Further, in the orbit protection bellows supporting device 300 of the laser processing machine, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the optical path 30 is located above the Y-axis driving system 10, but the Y-axis driving system 1
The optical path 30 may be located below 0.

In each of the above embodiments, the Y-axis drive system 1
Although the relative positional relationship between 0 and the optical path 30 is horizontal or vertical, it may be a direction other than horizontal or vertical, for example, an oblique direction.

In each of the above embodiments, the bellows supporting device for the Y-axis drive system 10 of the laser beam machine and the optical path 30 provided in parallel with the Y-axis drive system 10 is explained. The above embodiments can be applied to the drive system 60 and the optical path provided in parallel near the X-axis drive system 60.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, a Z-axis (vertical axis) drive system perpendicular to the Y-axis and the X-axis and an optical path provided in parallel near the Z-axis drive system are also provided. Can be applied.

In each of the above embodiments, the rail 11 and the nuts 13 and 14 form a linear ball bearing. However, for example, a slide bearing may be formed, or a fluid pressure bearing such as a pneumatic bearing may be formed. You may have.

In each of the above embodiments, two rails 11 are provided in parallel, but a plurality of rails 11 may be provided in accordance with the mass of the Y-axis moving body (carriage) and the like. . Further, in this case, the bellows nut 14 includes at least one of the plurality of rails 11.
Alternatively, the bellows guide 51 may be supported by the nut provided on the rail of the book.

By doing so, the number of nuts for supporting the bellows guide can be reduced, and the structure of the track protection bellows supporting device of the laser beam machine can be simplified.

In each of the above embodiments, the laser processing machine has been described. However, the carriage track of a machine tool other than the laser processing machine (a machine tool having a drive shaft and a passage parallel to the drive shaft) is protected. The above-described respective embodiments can be applied to the support device for the bellows.

In each of the above embodiments, the optical axis carriage 32 is integrally fixed to the Y axis carriage 12,
Fixed end 17A of Y-axis carriage 12 and optical axis carriage 3
Although the second fixed end 37A and the fixed end 37A are provided on substantially the same plane, the Y-axis carriage 12 is not necessarily attached to the optical-axis carriage 3.
2 does not have to be integrally provided, and for example, the optical axis carriage 32 may be provided so as to be slightly movable in the Y axis direction with respect to the Y axis carriage 12, and the Y axis carriage 12 Even when the optical axis carriage 32 is integrally fixed to the optical axis carriage 32, the fixed end 17A and the fixed end 37A do not necessarily have to be located on the same plane.

In each of the above embodiments, the housing 64 holding the mirror 65 is integrally fixed to the X-axis carriage 62, and the fixed end portion 16A of the X-axis carriage 62 is fixed.
And the fixed end portion 36A of the housing 64 are provided on substantially the same plane, but the fixed end portion 16A and the fixed end portion 36A of the housing 64 need not be provided on substantially the same plane. .

[0120]

According to the present invention, the bellows of the machine tool supporting the bellows for protecting the carriage orbit of the drive shaft system and the bellows for protecting the optical axis provided substantially parallel to the drive shaft system. In the supporting device, it is possible to provide the bellows supporting device that is not easily damaged even when the carriage is moved at a high speed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows supporting device of a laser beam machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line IIA-IIB in FIG. 1, and is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows support device of the laser processing machine.

3 is a view showing a cross section taken along line IIIA-IIIB in FIG. 2, and is a cross sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows supporting device of a laser processing machine.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows supporting device which is a modified example of the track protection bellows supporting device of the laser beam machine.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows supporting device of a laser beam machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a VIA-VIB arrow view in FIG. 5, and is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows support device of the laser processing machine.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VIIA-VIIB in FIG. 6, showing a schematic configuration of a track protection bellows support device of a laser beam machine.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional bellows supporting device.

9 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along line IXA-IXB in FIG.

FIG. 10 is an axial sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a second conventional bellows supporting device.

FIG. 11 is a partial axial cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a third conventional bellows supporting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

100, 200, 300 ... Orbital protection bellows support device for laser processing machine, 10 ... Y-axis drive system, 11 ... Linear guide rail, 13, 14 ... Nut, 15, 35 ... Bellows , 16A, 36A ... Fixed end, 17A, 37A ... End, 30 ... Optical path, 51 ... Bellows guide, 52 ... Through hole.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A retractable first bellows is provided between one side of a carriage reciprocally provided along a long guide rail and one end of the guide rail so as to cover the guide rail. , A bellows supporting member for supporting the first bellows is movably provided on the guide rail,
An expandable second bellows provided in parallel with the guide rail for protecting the passage is provided separately from the first bellows, and the second bellows are supported by the bellows support member.
Orbital protection bellows supporting device for machine tools, characterized in that the bellows are supported. 2. The orbit protection bellows support device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool is a laser processing machine, and the passage is an optical path of a laser beam used for laser processing. Track protection bellows support device for machine tools.