JP2003309033A - Method of winding coil and its transformer and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of winding a coil with excellent energy-saving properties and stability while being small-sized and lightweight, by reducing the leakage of magnetic flux from the coil and improving the coupling of the magnetic flux through a core and a transformer and balancer using the coil. <P>SOLUTION: One or a few lines forming a primary winding connected with a power supply and one or a few lines forming a secondary winding connected with a load are paired to form an integral pair of lines. By winding a pair of lines, a coil is formed, and the direction of electric current in each primary winding line and secondary winding line constituting a pair of lines is set in a reverse direction. The arrangement of a pair of lines to the core may be stratified by the layer of the line forming the primary winding and the layer of the line forming the secondary winding. The turn ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding is 1:1 to function as a balancer. In the arrangement of a pair of lines to the core, the line forming the primary winding and the line forming the secondary winding may be alternately arranged. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coil winding method capable of reducing leakage flux from a coil and improving magnetic flux coupling through a core, and a transformer and a balancer using the coil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional transformers and balancers (which can be regarded as special transformers having a winding ratio of 1: 1) are provided with a primary coil assembly and a secondary coil assembly, respectively, on a leg portion (magnetic body) of a core. It is a general practice to provide each of them individually. In the positional relationship between the primary coil assembly and the secondary coil assembly, 1
There is also a form in which the secondary coil assembly is covered on the outside of the secondary coil assembly. However, it is merely a matter of arrangement, and does not consider the electromagnetic relationship between the primary winding and the secondary winding. The magnetic flux leakage in a single-turn coil has a strong characteristic that it changes depending on its arrangement and current value. In a conventional coil assembly, the number of windings (for example, 1
The larger the number of stacked secondary windings and the number of stages, the lower the magnetic flux coupling and the greater the leakage magnetic flux. This has been an essential problem inevitable with conventional transformer coils.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention reduces the leakage flux from the coil and improves the magnetic flux coupling through the core, so that the coil is small and lightweight, yet excellent in energy saving and stability. It is an object of the present invention to provide a winding method, a transformer and a balancer using the coil.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the coil winding method of the present invention is connected to a power source.
A pair of lines 1 or several forming the secondary winding and one or several lines forming the secondary winding connected to the load are paired to form one paired line, and the paired line is wound. Each 1 that forms a coil by turning and that forms a pair line
It is characterized in that the directions of currents in the secondary winding line and the secondary winding line are set in opposite directions.

Further, the transformers of the present invention include, in the coil wound around the core of the transformers, one or several lines forming a primary winding connected to a power source and a secondary connected to a load. A line is formed by pairing one or several lines forming a winding to form a single pair line, and the pair line is wound around a core in a single layer or multiple layers to form a coil, and the pair line is also formed. In each of the primary winding line and the secondary winding line constituting the above, the direction of the current is wired in the opposite direction.

Here, the arrangement of the pair lines with respect to the core is
The layer of the line forming the primary winding and the layer of the line forming the secondary winding may be layered to contribute to the simplicity of the configuration.

The winding ratio between the primary winding and the secondary winding is set to 1: 1 so as to function as a balancer, and the pair lines are arranged with respect to the core by forming the primary winding and the secondary winding. Alternatively, the lines forming the may be arranged alternately to contribute to the simplicity of the configuration.

A paste-like magnetic material for absorbing the leakage magnetic flux may be provided in the gap between the end portion of the core and the coil to prevent the influence on the external region.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples of the drawings. Here, in order to explain the basic principle of the present invention in detail, a single-phase transformer is used as an example of its use. However, the present invention can be appropriately used for coil assembly of various conventional transformers including a balancer.

The present inventor reexamined the concept of the conventional coil assembly used for the transformer from the basic point of view, thereby reducing the leakage magnetic flux and improving the coupling rate in the interaction between the magnetic flux in the magnetic path and the coil. Obtained. The basic configuration is a line 1 or several lines forming a primary winding connected to a power supply,
It is to form a coil by forming a pair of lines by forming a pair of lines 1 or several lines forming a secondary winding connected to a load and winding the paired lines. When a current is applied to this coil so that the directions of the currents in the primary winding line and the secondary winding line that form the pair line are opposite, the leakage magnetic flux from the coil decreases and the core The magnetic flux coupling through the transformer is improved, and as will be described later, it is possible to manufacture transformers that have much less leakage magnetic flux than conventional transformers and that are responsive to changes in magnetic flux in the magnetic path, that is, have good coupling. I was able to. Along with this, radio noise has been greatly reduced, and the magnetic path for transformers has been made smaller and lighter.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention. A load side loop conductor formed of a secondary winding connected to a load is arranged inside a power supply side loop conductor formed of a primary winding connected to a power source to form a pair line. . In this pair line, the direction of current flow is opposite to the direction (IS) in the primary winding line and the direction (IL) in the secondary winding line as shown in the figure. Therefore, when a current flows through the power supply side loop conductor, an electromotive force is generated in the load side loop conductor in order to cancel the magnetic field due to this, and a reverse current flows through the load side loop conductor. The direct inductive action between the primary winding line and the secondary winding line can be regarded as a transformer action in a broad sense. This cancels the radio noise generated from the power supply side loop conductor.

2 and 3 are a front explanatory view and a plan cross-sectional explanatory view showing another embodiment. Two layers of the line forming the primary winding and the line forming the secondary winding are laminated on the leg of the core, and the magnetic flux in the magnetic path (core) is used for the transformer action. There is. According to this, 1 described in the embodiment of FIG.
In addition to the direct inductive action between the secondary winding line and the secondary winding line, the electromotive force is generated in the secondary winding by the indirect inductive action by the magnetic flux in the core generated by the primary winding. Occurs.
Therefore, the magnetic flux leakage and noise generation are extremely reduced,
The efficiency is higher and the magnetic flux value in the core is smaller than that of the conventional single-phase transformer. Along with this, it becomes possible to use a core having a smaller cross-sectional area, and it is possible to reduce the cost and weight. In addition, as shown in FIG.
The transformation ratio can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the winding ratio between the secondary winding and the secondary winding such as 1: 2, and the pair line may be appropriately laminated such as two layers.

The function of the balancer for solving the problems of the single-phase three-wire type distribution line will be described below. As a power distribution line, the single-phase, three-wire system is superior to other systems in terms of electric wire quantity (copper quantity economy). Furthermore, in the case of a balanced load, both voltage drop and power loss are 1/4 compared to the single-phase two-wire system.
Becomes In addition, the space between the outside lines becomes 200V, which also increases the distribution voltage, and can cope with the increase in power demand.
Therefore, the use of the single-phase three-wire type transformer makes the single-phase three-wire type the standard power distribution system for the low piezoelectric lamp load. However, there are the following problems.

The first problem is that the terminal voltages of the loads on both sides cause a great imbalance and sometimes cause fatal damage. For example, if all of the electric lights and electric devices of the load are cut off or have broken down, it will be a great loss. In FIG. 4, ten 100W electric lights are connected between the ANs,
It is assumed that the neutral wire is cut off when two 100 W electric lights are provided between the BHs. Load resistance between AN = 100/10
= 10 [Ω], load resistance between BN = 100/2 = 50
Since it is [Ω], the neutral wire current I
_{Since N} = 0, the current flows through the unbalanced loads on both sides in series, and I _A = I _B = I, so I = 210 / (10+
50) = 3.5 [A]. Therefore, load voltage between AN = 3.5 × 10 = 35 [V], load voltage between BN =
It is extremely unbalanced with 3.5 × 50 = 175 [V].

As is clear from this result, the higher the terminal voltage with a lighter load and the larger the imbalance between the loads on both sides, the greater the difference in voltage distribution, and the greater the risk. Therefore, the 3-wire neutral wire must not contain any device such as a circuit breaker for wiring or a fuse for opening the circuit. The disconnection of the neutral wire is an example of an extreme accident, but even if it is not the disconnection of the neutral wire, if there is an imbalance in the loads on both sides, there is the drawback that a considerable difference appears in the voltage distribution on both sides. There is a phase 3-wire system. This is an unavoidable problem, since in any case in reality a load imbalance may occur over time.

The next problem is the case where a short circuit occurs between the neutral line and the external line. The voltage generated between the healthy A outer wire and the neutral wire when a short circuit occurs between the neutral wire and the B outer wire is obtained using FIG. It is assumed that the resistance of the A and B external wires from the terminal of the transformer to the fault point is r _l and the resistance between the neutral wires N′P is r _n . The external line voltage V _A is V _A
= V + r _n I _S, the voltage V _B of the B outside line, the fault point resistance r _p
Then, V _B = V−r _n I _S = r _p I _S. When r _p is 0, I _S is I _S = V / (r _n + r _e ) from the above equation. Therefore, the voltage V _A of the external line _A is V _A = V [1 + r /
(Rn + re)]. As a result, when a wire having the same thickness is used as the external wire and the neutral wire (r _n = r _e ), the voltage of the external wire is
The voltage is 1.5 times the transformer terminal voltage, and 1.7 times when the neutral wire is a conductor wire having a cross-sectional area half that of the outer wire.

The most common problems in the single-phase three-wire type distribution line will be described with reference to FIG. The primary voltage of the transformer is 3150V, the secondary voltage is 210V and 105V, and the resistance per wire of the low voltage side wire is 0.05Ω. As a light load, when the current of 80A in the a line, 20A in the n line, and 100A in the b line is flowing, find the voltage between the load points an, nb, and ab (However, the primary voltage remains unchanged and the transformer Ignore the impedance of, and the reactance of the low voltage distribution line).
Since the power factor of the load on both sides is the same, the required voltage between an and Van is represented by Van, and the voltage between nb and Vnb is represented by 105 = (0.05 × 80) + Van− in the upper half circuit.
From (0.05 × 20), Van = 102 [V], and
In the lower half circuit, 105 = (0.05 × 20) + Vn
From b + (0.05 × 100), Vnb = 99 [V]. Therefore, the voltage between ab is Vab = Van + Vnb
= 201 [V]. As described above, in the single-phase three-wire distribution line, it is extremely common that the voltage at the load end varies depending on the load.

Then, a balancer (balance device) is devised to solve these drawbacks of the single-phase three-wire system. This corresponds to a special transformer with a turns ratio as shown in FIG. 7, and a single-phase 3-wire type line is specially connected to the end of the wiring as much as possible as shown in FIG. Set up. According to this, when the current flowing through the A external line is smaller than the current flowing through the B external line, the compensation current io is applied to the terminals a and b.
When the current flowing in the A external line is larger than the current flowing in the B external line, the compensation current io flows out from the terminals a and b. If a balancer is installed, it will be inductively coupled through the balancer so that the circuits on both sides will always have the same voltage, so even if there is an imbalance in the load on both sides or the neutral line is cut off, it will always be on both sides. Balance the voltage of
Acts like a load. That is, the balancer balances the voltages on both sides of the single-phase, three-wire distribution line.
This is because the compensation current is passed.

In order to show the effect of this balancer, when the balancer is installed in the above-mentioned embodiment, what effect is exerted on the voltage on both sides will be calculated. For simplicity, the voltage drop due to the balancer is ignored. The balancer is a pressure receiver having a transformation ratio of 1: 1 and, as shown in FIG. 9, generates a compensation battery io in the circuit and circulates it. As a result, it operates so as to maintain the terminal voltage balance. go. A outer wire current = 80 + io, neutral wire current = 20−
2io, B external current = 100−io, so in the upper half circuit, 105 = 0.05 × (80 + io) + V
1-0.05 × (20-2io), in the lower half circuit,
105 = 0.05 × (20-2io) + V2 + 0.05
X (100-io). Therefore, V1 and V2 are V
1 = 102-0.15io, V2 = 99 + 0.15io
Becomes Here, because of the property of the balancer as a transformer, V1 = V2 = V, so the compensation current at this time is io = 10 [A]. In this way, in the case without a balancer, the current on the side with a large voltage drop is reduced, the current on the side with a small voltage drop is increased to operate, and the voltage drop in the neutral line is made zero. Also, it can be seen that half of the current in the neutral line when there is no balancer flows as the balancer current. That is, in the case of this example, A
External line current = B External line current = 90 [A], V1 = V2 =
100.5 [V] and neutral line current = 0 [A].

Further, in the circuit of FIG. 4, the problem in the case where the neutral wire is broken will be examined as to what kind of result will occur when the balancer is installed. Since the current of 8.4 [A] flows through the neutral wire before the disconnection when there is no balancer, when the balancer is installed, the circulating current by the balancer is 8.4 / 2 = 4. It becomes 2 [A]. 6.3 [A] for the A line and 6.3 for the B line.
[A], no current flows in the neutral wire. Therefore, even if the neutral wire is broken, there is no difference in the voltages on both sides. As described above, if a balancer is provided in the single-phase three-wire distribution line, the voltage on both sides of the three-wire system does not differ even if the neutral wire is broken. Single phase 3 by installing a balancer
The conventional drawbacks of the linear type will be eliminated.

FIG. 10 is a front sectional view showing another embodiment. In the conventional single turn coil of the balancer, the magnetic flux leakage changes depending on the arrangement and the current value. Since the pair line is composed of the bifilar winding coil, the magnetic flux is always canceled between the two adjacent windings. Therefore, it is basically less affected by the current value, and the absolute amount of the leakage magnetic flux is extremely smaller than that of the single-turn coil. Further, since the paste-like magnetic body for absorbing the leakage magnetic flux is provided in the gap between the end of the core and the coil, the influence on the external region can be suppressed to a negligible extent. Further, as shown in the drawing, the diameter of the end portion of the core may be increased to a position corresponding to the thickness of the wound coil to contribute to the leakage magnetic flux absorption. As a result, it is possible to stabilize the imperfections in magnetic coupling that have reduced the efficiency of conventional balancers and the fluctuations in the balancer ability due to changes in the absolute amount of leakage magnetic flux, regardless of changes in the load current, Energy saving as well as system stability can be obtained. 11 to 13
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing an application example of such a balancer.

[0022]

The coil winding method and the transformers thereof according to the present invention have the following effects by having the above-mentioned configuration. That is, the coil winding method according to claim 1,
Alternatively, according to the transformers according to claim 2 using the same, a pair line is formed by the primary winding line and the secondary winding line, and the current in the primary winding line and the secondary winding line is formed. Since the direction is opposite, the magnetic flux leaking from the coil is reduced by the inductive action, the magnetic flux coupling through the core is improved, and a coil that is small and lightweight, yet excellent in energy saving and stability can be obtained.

According to the transformers of the third aspect, the pair lines are arranged in a layered manner by the layer of the line forming the primary winding and the layer of the line forming the secondary winding. Since it has a simple structure, it can be easily manufactured.

According to the transformers of claim 4, 1
The winding ratio of the secondary winding to the secondary winding is 1: 1 and the pair lines are arranged in a simple manner in which the lines forming the primary winding and the lines forming the secondary winding are alternately arranged. With such a configuration, the balancer can be easily manufactured.

According to the transformers of the fifth aspect, since the paste-like magnetic body for absorbing the leakage magnetic flux is provided in the gap between the end of the core and the coil, the influence on the external region is sufficiently suppressed. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front explanatory view of another embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory plan sectional view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a single-phase three-wire system in which disconnection occurs.

FIG. 5 is a single-phase three-wire circuit diagram in which a short circuit has occurred.

FIG. 6 is a single-phase three-wire circuit diagram showing a power distribution state.

FIG. 7: Balancer circuit diagram

FIG. 8 is a single-phase three-wire circuit diagram showing the arrangement of balancers.

FIG. 9 is a single-phase three-wire circuit diagram with a balancer showing a power distribution state.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of a single-phase three-wire system in which the balancer is broken.

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing an application example of a balancer.

FIG. 12 is another embodiment of the same.

FIG. 13 is another embodiment of the same.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A pair of one or several lines forming a primary winding connected to a power source and one or several lines forming a secondary winding connected to a load are paired to form a single body. Forming a paired line, forming a coil by winding the paired line, and setting the directions of the currents in the respective primary winding lines and secondary winding lines constituting the paired line in opposite directions. A method for winding a coil, characterized by: 2. In a coil wound around a core of a transformer or the like, a line 1 or several lines forming a primary winding connected to a power source and a line 1 forming a secondary winding connected to a load. Alternatively, a pair of several wires are paired to form a single paired line, and the paired line is wound around the core in a single layer or in multiple layers to form a coil, and each primary winding constituting the paired line. A transformer characterized in that the currents in the wire line and the secondary winding line are wired in opposite directions. 3. The transformers according to claim 2, wherein the paired lines are arranged with respect to the core in a layered manner by a layer of a line forming a primary winding and a layer of a line forming a secondary winding. . 4. The winding ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding is 1: 1 and functions as a balancer, and the pair line is arranged with respect to the core such that the line forming the primary winding and the secondary line. The transformers according to claim 2, wherein the lines forming the windings are alternately arranged. 5. The transformer according to claim 2, wherein a paste-like magnetic material for absorbing leakage magnetic flux is provided in a gap between the end of the core and the coil.