JP2003306304A - Fuel reformer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology to reduce deposit accumulated at a nozzle hole forming area in an ejection part. <P>SOLUTION: A fuel reformer is equipped with the ejection part, a gasifying chamber to gasify a hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel ejected from the ejection part and a reforming part to reform the gasified fuel to a reformed gas which contains hydrogen. The ejection part 400D is equipped with a fuel path 320 in which the fuel flows, a head part 324 having a nozzle hole to eject the fuel and a fluid supply part 370D to flow a specified fluid to the nozzle hole for reducing oxygen in the neighborhood of the nozzle hole. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel reformer, and more particularly to an injector for injecting a hydrocarbon-based liquid raw fuel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A fuel reforming apparatus is equipped with a reforming section for reforming a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel to produce a reformed gas containing hydrogen gas. When a liquid raw fuel is used, the fuel reforming apparatus is usually provided with a vaporization chamber for vaporizing the liquid raw fuel in the preceding stage of the reforming unit (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 200-200200).
No. 1-139301). The liquid raw fuel is injected into the high temperature vaporization chamber by the injection unit having a plurality of nozzle holes, and is vaporized in the vaporization chamber.

[0003]

By the way, in the nozzle hole formation region of the injection portion, a product called deposit, which is a deterioration of the raw fuel, is likely to be deposited. When deposits accumulate,
It becomes difficult to accurately inject the raw fuel from the nozzle hole. However, in the conventional fuel reformer, sufficient measures have not been taken against deposit accumulation.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of reducing the amount of deposits accumulated in the nozzle hole forming region of the injection portion.

[0005]

In order to solve at least a part of the above-mentioned problems, a first device of the present invention is a fuel reforming device having an injection part, A vaporization chamber for vaporizing the hydrocarbon-based liquid raw fuel injected from the injection unit, and a reforming unit for reforming the vaporized raw fuel into a reformed gas containing hydrogen gas,
The injection unit is provided with a raw fuel passage through which the raw fuel passes, a head unit having a nozzle hole for injecting the raw fuel, and a nozzle unit facing the nozzle hole in order to reduce the amount of oxygen gas near the nozzle hole. And a fluid supply unit for causing a predetermined fluid to flow out.

In this fuel reforming apparatus, the injection section is provided with the fluid supply section, and the predetermined fluid flows out toward the nozzle hole, so that the amount of oxygen gas near the nozzle can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to suppress the generation of deposits due to oxidation, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of deposits deposited in the nozzle hole formation region of the injection unit.

In the above device, the predetermined fluid is
It is preferable to include a reforming raw material used for the reaction in the reforming section.

Here, the reforming section uses steam to
A reforming process may be performed and the predetermined fluid may include water vapor.

In this way, the amount of deposits deposited can be reduced, and a predetermined fluid can be effectively used in the reforming section.

In the above apparatus, it is preferable that the jetting section is further provided in a ring shape near the head section, and has a cooling liquid passage through which a cooling liquid for cooling the head section passes.

With this arrangement, the nozzle hole forming region of the head portion can be efficiently cooled. This makes it possible to suppress the generation of deposits due to heat, and as a result, it is possible to further reduce the amount of deposits deposited in the nozzle hole formation region of the injection unit.

In the above apparatus, the injection section is further provided movably in the middle of the raw fuel passage,
A valve body for controlling the flow state of the raw fuel; and a solenoid provided around the valve body for driving the valve body, wherein the cooling liquid passage includes the solenoid and the vaporization chamber. It is preferably formed between and.

With this arrangement, the nozzle hole forming region of the head portion can be cooled and the solenoid can be cooled. Therefore, it is possible to prevent damage due to heat of the solenoid.

In the above apparatus, the injection section may further include a housing forming the raw fuel passage, and the injection section may be integrated by the housing.

Alternatively, in the above apparatus, the fluid supply section may be formed on the wall of the vaporization chamber.

As described above, various structures can be adopted as the injection unit.

A second device of the present invention is a fuel reforming device, which has an injection part, a vaporization chamber for vaporizing a hydrocarbon-based liquid raw fuel injected from the injection part, and a vaporization device. And a reforming unit for reforming the raw fuel to a reformed gas containing hydrogen gas, the injection unit having a housing,
A raw fuel passage formed inside the housing and through which the raw fuel passes; a head portion formed in the housing and having a nozzle hole for injecting the raw fuel; and a head portion formed inside the housing, A cooling liquid passage through which a cooling liquid for cooling passes, wherein the cooling liquid passage is
It is characterized in that it is provided in an annular shape near the head portion.

In this fuel reformer, since the injection portion has the cooling liquid passage, the cooling liquid can cool the nozzle hole forming region of the head portion. As a result, it is possible to suppress the generation of deposits due to heat, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of deposits accumulated in the nozzle hole formation region of the injection unit.

In the above apparatus, the housing is
It is preferable that the cooling liquid passage includes an annular wall portion formed so as to project around the head portion, and the cooling liquid passage is formed inside the annular wall portion.

In this case, since the temperature gradient is formed in the space inside the annular wall portion, the temperature of the nozzle hole forming region of the head portion can be kept lower than the temperature of the inside of the vaporization chamber, and as a result, The amount of deposits deposited can be reduced.

In the above apparatus, the inner surface of the annular wall portion may extend in a substantially conical shape along the injection direction of the raw fuel.

With this configuration, the area of the inner surface of the annular wall portion can be increased, so that the temperature gradient formed in the space inside the annular wall portion can be made relatively large. As a result, the temperature of the nozzle hole forming region of the head portion can be kept even lower, and as a result, the amount of deposited deposit can be further reduced.

In the above apparatus, the injection portion is further provided so as to be movable in the middle of the raw fuel passage,
The cooling fluid passage includes a valve body for controlling a flow state of the raw fuel, and a solenoid provided inside the housing around the valve body for driving the valve body. And the vaporization chamber.

With this arrangement, the nozzle hole forming region of the head portion can be cooled and the solenoid can be cooled. Therefore, it is possible to prevent damage due to heat of the solenoid.

The present invention can be implemented in various modes such as a fuel reformer, a fuel cell system including the fuel reformer, and a device such as a moving body equipped with the fuel cell system.

[0026]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A. First Example: Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on examples. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of the fuel reforming apparatus 100 in the first embodiment. The fuel reformer 10 of this embodiment
0 is applied to the fuel cell system and generates a fuel gas containing hydrogen gas and supplies it to the fuel cell.

As shown, the fuel reformer 100 is
The mixing unit 30, the reforming unit 40, the cooling unit 50, the shift unit 60, the CO purification unit 70, and the control unit 90 are provided.

The mixing section 30 is provided with an evaporator 32, a heater 34 and a vaporization chamber 36, and supplies the reforming section 40 with a mixed gas of raw fuel, steam and air. The evaporator 32 is the first
The water supplied from the water tank 26 is vaporized by the water pump 27. The heater 34 heats the mixed gas of the steam supplied from the evaporator 32 and the air supplied by the first blower 24, and supplies the mixed gas to the vaporization chamber 36. The vaporization chamber 36 is connected to the raw fuel tank 21 by the fuel pump 22.
The liquid raw fuel supplied from is vaporized to generate a mixed gas of the raw fuel, water vapor and air. In this embodiment, gasoline is used as the liquid raw fuel. The temperature of the steam discharged from the evaporator 32 is about 120, for example.
The temperature of the mixed gas discharged from the heater 34 is set to, for example, about 500 ° C., which is suitable for the reforming reaction in the reforming section 40.

The reforming section 40 is provided with a reforming catalyst, and uses the raw fuel contained in the mixed gas by using steam and air.
Reforming into a reformed gas containing hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas. The reforming section of the present embodiment performs combined reforming that combines steam reforming and partial oxidation reforming.

The cooling unit 50 cools the reformed gas using the water supplied from the water tank 26 by the second water pump 28. Specifically, in the cooling unit 50, water is injected into the high temperature reformed gas. The injected water takes heat of the reformed gas to be vaporized, and as a result, the reformed gas is cooled. The mixed gas of the reformed gas and steam is cooled to a temperature within a predetermined range and supplied to the shift unit 60.

The shift unit 60 converts the carbon monoxide gas contained in the reformed gas into hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas using the water (steam) vaporized in the cooling unit 50. This reaction is called a shift reaction.

In the cooling unit 50, the reformed gas discharged from the reforming unit 40 is cooled with water.
This is because the appropriate temperature of the reformed gas in the shift section 60 is relatively low. Specifically, the temperature of the reformed gas inside the reforming section 40 is about 500 to about 800 ° C., but the shift section 6
The proper temperature of the reformed gas supplied to 0 is about 200 to about 4
It is 00 ° C. Further, steam is used in the shift reaction in the shift section 60. Therefore, the cooling unit 50 cools the reformed gas with water. That is, water is
It is used for cooling the reformed gas in the cooling unit 50 and used for the shift reaction in the shift unit.

The CO purifying section 70 oxidizes the carbon monoxide gas discharged without being converted in the shift section 60 by using oxygen gas in the air. Air is supplied by the second blower 71. Then, from the CO purification unit 70, a fuel gas having a high hydrogen gas concentration and a low carbon monoxide gas concentration is discharged.

By reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide gas in the shift section 60 and the CO purification section 70,
Poisoning of the noble metal catalyst carried on the electrodes inside the fuel cell can be reduced.

The controller 90 controls each part of the fuel cell system including the fuel reformer 100. In particular, the control unit 90
Is based on the flow rate of the fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell,
The amounts of raw fuel, water, and air supplied to the mixing unit 30 are determined. Similarly, the control unit 90 determines the supply amount of water to the cooling unit 50 and the CO purification unit 7 according to the determined supply amount of the raw fuel.
The amount of air supplied to 0 is determined.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a specific structure of the vaporization chamber 36 shown in FIG. About 500 ° C in the vaporization chamber 36
The mixed gas of steam and air heated to the
Sourced from. The vaporization chamber 36 includes the injector 30.
0, and vaporizes the raw fuel injected from the injector 300 in a mist state. The raw fuel is vaporized in the process of scattering in a high temperature mixed gas (steam + air). Then, the mixed gas of the raw fuel, water vapor, and air generated in the vaporization chamber 36 is supplied to the reforming section 40.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a cross section of the injector 300 shown in FIG. Note that FIG. 3A shows a state where the raw fuel is not injected from the injector 300, and FIG. 3B shows a state where the raw fuel is injected from the injector 300.

As shown, the injector 300 is
It is provided with two substantially hollow cylindrical members 311 and 312 that form the housing 310. Inside the housing 310, a raw fuel passage 320 through which raw fuel passes is formed.
The first member 311 forms the upstream side of the raw fuel passage 320, and the second member 312 forms the downstream side of the raw fuel passage 320. An inlet 322 into which the raw fuel flows is provided at the upstream end of the first member 311, and a plurality of fuel injection ports are provided at the downstream end of the second member 312. A head portion 324 having a nozzle hole is provided. Note that the inlet 322 is provided with a filter 323 for removing foreign matter (for example, metal powder from the fuel pump 22 (FIG. 1)) mixed in the raw fuel. Also,
The head portion 324 is provided so as to protrude outward from the most downstream plane of the second member 312. The width of the raw fuel passage 320 is reduced stepwise in the head portion 324. The passage having a small width and communicating with the nozzle hole near the head portion 324 will be referred to as a head passage 321 below. The two members 311 and 312 can be formed by, for example, well-known sand casting.

In the middle of the raw fuel passage 320, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (A) and (B), a valve body 330 that is movable in the vertical direction in the drawing is provided. The valve body 330 has a substantially convex shape. Specifically, the valve body 330 includes a substantially cylindrical slide portion 332 and a substantially cylindrical needle portion 334 provided so as to project in the central portion of the slide portion 332. The slide portion 332 has a plurality of through holes 333 through which raw fuel can flow, outside the needle portion 334.
have. The needle portion 334 has a tapered region at the tip. The diameter of the needle portion 334 is larger than the width of the head passage 321. Therefore, the needle portion 334
The taper region of the above contacts the stepped passage wall of the raw fuel passage 320. In other words, the tapered region of the valve element 330 contacts the valve seat of the second member 312.

The valve element 330 is urged downward in the drawing by a spring 342 provided in the raw fuel passage 320. A solenoid 344 for moving the valve body 330 upward in the drawing is provided around the valve body 330. In addition, the solenoid 344 is connected to the housing 310.
Is provided between the two members 311 and 312 forming the.

The controller 90 (FIG. 1) includes a solenoid 344.
To control the energization state to. The solenoid 344 drives the valve body 330 according to the current. As a result, the flow state of the raw fuel in the raw fuel passage 320 is controlled, and as a result, the injection state of the raw fuel from the nozzle holes is controlled.
Specifically, when the solenoid 344 is in the non-energized state, as shown in FIG. 3A, the valve body 330 receives no force from the solenoid 344, but receives a force from the spring 342 downward in the figure. Therefore, it is arranged at the position where it is discharged from the solenoid 344. At this time, since the circulation of the raw fuel in the raw fuel passage 320 is blocked, the raw fuel is not injected from the nozzle hole. On the other hand, when the solenoid 344 is in the energized state, as shown in FIG. Is located in.
At this time, since the raw fuel can flow in the raw fuel passage 320, the raw fuel is injected from the nozzle hole.

Inside the housing 310 (more specifically,
The head cooling unit 350 is provided inside the second member 312). The head cooling unit 350 includes a cooling liquid passage 352 through which the cooling liquid passes and an inflow port 35 through which the cooling liquid flows.
4 and a discharge port 356 for discharging the cooling liquid. The cooling liquid passage 352 is formed in an annular shape near the head portion 324. In this embodiment, circulating water (about 80 ° C.) for cooling the fuel cell is used as the cooling liquid. Instead of water, another liquid may be used as the cooling liquid.

By the way, in many cases, a deposit in which the liquid raw fuel is denatured is deposited in the nozzle hole forming region of the head portion 324. Deposits are relatively easy to form at high temperatures. Therefore, in this embodiment, the cooling liquid passage 352 is provided. That is, since the cooling liquid passage 352 is annularly provided around the head portion 324, the nozzle hole forming region can be efficiently cooled. As a result, it is possible to suppress the generation of deposits due to heat, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of deposits deposited in the nozzle hole formation region.

By providing the cooling liquid passage 352, the housing 310 and the valve body 330 are also cooled. Therefore, there is an advantage that wear, which tends to increase at high temperatures, can be reduced. More specifically, it is possible to reduce the wear of the contact region between the valve body 330 and the housing 310, that is, the wear of the tapered region of the needle portion 334 and the wear of the valve seat of the second member 312. it can.

Further, in this embodiment, the cooling liquid passage 352 is provided.
Is the solenoid 344 and the vaporization chamber 36, as shown in FIG.
It is provided between and. Then, the cooling liquid passage 352
Are formed in an annular shape so as to correspond to the annular solenoid 344. Therefore, the heat inside the vaporization chamber 36 can be suppressed from being transferred to the solenoid 344 via the wall 37 of the vaporization chamber 36 and the second member 312. That is, in this embodiment, since the solenoid 344 can be cooled by providing the cooling liquid passage 352, it is possible to prevent damage such as a short circuit due to heat of the solenoid 344.

The control unit 90 (FIG. 1) determines the injection amount (injection flow rate) of the raw fuel per unit time by the injector 3.
It is adjusted by controlling 00. Specifically, the control unit 90 adjusts the injection flow rate by adjusting the current flowing through the solenoid 344 to change the position of the valve body 330 (that is, by changing the opening degree of the valve). . Although the raw fuel is continuously injected in this embodiment, it may be injected intermittently.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a first modified example of the injector. 4 is almost the same as FIG. 3, but in this injector 300A, the shape of the second member 312A that constitutes the housing 310A and the head cooling portion 35.
The shape of the cooling liquid passage 352A forming 0A is changed.

Specifically, in FIG. 3, the head portion 324 is
Is provided so as to project from the bottom surface of the second member 312, but in FIG. 4, the head portion 324A is the second member 31.
It is provided on the flat bottom surface of 2A. The thickness of the second member 312A near the head portion 324A is set to be relatively large. The cooling liquid passage 352A formed inside the second member 312A extends to the vicinity of the head portion 324A.

If such a configuration is adopted, the head portion 3
Since the nozzle hole forming region of 24A can be cooled more efficiently, it is possible to reduce the deposit amount.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a second modification of the injector. 5 is almost the same as FIG. 3, but in this injector 300B, the shape of the second member 312B that constitutes the housing 310B and the head cooling portion 35.
The shape of the cooling liquid passage 352B forming 0B is changed.

Specifically, in FIG. 3, the second member 312 is
Has a flat surface around the head portion 324, but in FIG. 5, the second member 312B is the head portion 324.
An annular wall portion 31 that projects outwardly around the
It is equipped with 3B. A cooling liquid passage 352B is formed inside the annular wall portion 313B.

If such a configuration is adopted, a temperature gradient is formed in the space inside the annular wall portion 313B, more specifically, in the space between the nozzle hole formation region and the vaporization chamber 36. This is because the nozzle hole forming region is arranged at a position retracted from the vaporization chamber 36 by the annular wall portion 313B, and the space inside the wall portion 313B is cooled by the cooling water flowing inside the wall portion 313B. Is. As a result, the temperature of the nozzle hole formation region can be kept considerably lower than the temperature inside the vaporization chamber 36, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the deposit amount.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a third modification of the injector. 6 is almost the same as FIG. 5, but in this injector 300C, the shape of the second member 312C that constitutes the housing 310C and the head cooling portion 35.
The shape of the cooling liquid passage 352C forming 0C is changed. Specifically, in FIG. 6, the inner surface of the annular wall portion 313C provided on the second member 312C extends in a substantially conical shape along the injection direction of the raw fuel.

In this way, the area of the inner surface (conical surface) of the annular wall portion 313C can be increased, so that the temperature gradient formed in the space inside the annular wall portion 313C can be made relatively large. it can. As a result, the temperature of the nozzle hole formation region can be kept even lower, and as a result, the deposit amount can be further reduced.

Further, since the radially injected raw fuel does not have to collide with the annular wall portion 313C, there is an advantage that the raw fuel injected from the nozzle hole can be smoothly diffused into the vaporization chamber.

The ratio of the area of the bottom surface to the area of the inner surface of the annular walls 313B and 313C is preferably set to be a predetermined value or less. For example, when the area of the bottom surface of the annular walls 313B and 313C is constant, the area of the annular walls 313B and 313C (or,
The height) is preferably relatively large. With this, the inner surface of the annular wall portion can efficiently cool the inner space.

As described above, the fuel reforming apparatus 100 of this embodiment has the vaporization chamber 36 having the injector 300.
And a reforming section 40. Injector 300
Includes a housing 310, a raw fuel passage 320 formed inside the housing, a head portion 324 having a plurality of nozzle holes formed in the housing, and a cooling liquid passage 352 formed inside the housing. . And
The cooling liquid passage 352 is annularly provided near the head portion. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the generation of deposits due to heat, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of deposits deposited in the nozzle hole formation region of the injector. Further, the injector can accurately inject the raw fuel at a desired flow rate.

As can be seen from the above description, the injectors 300, 300A, 300 in this embodiment.
B and 300C correspond to the injection unit in the second device of the present invention.

B. Second embodiment: The reason why the deposit is deposited in the nozzle hole forming region is that the raw fuel is changed into a substance having a high viscosity by hydrogen desorption or oxidative polymerization. These two phenomena are relatively likely to occur at high temperatures, as mentioned above. In particular, oxidative polymerization is likely to occur in an oxidizing atmosphere. The viscosity of the deposit produced by oxidative polymerization is higher than the viscosity of the deposit produced by hydrogen desorption. Therefore, in this embodiment, the injection unit is devised so that the generation of deposits due to oxidation can be efficiently suppressed.

FIG. 7 shows an injection unit 400 in the second embodiment.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the cross section of D. This injection unit 400D is
The injector 300D and the water vapor supply unit 370D provided on the wall 37D of the vaporization chamber 36 are provided. In addition,
The injector 300D is substantially the same as the injector 300 of the first embodiment (FIG. 3), but with a housing 310D.
The shape of the second member 312D constituting the
Changed to avoid interference with 70D.

The water vapor supply unit 370D includes a water vapor passage 372 through which water vapor passes and an inflow port 37 through which water vapor is introduced.
4 and a plurality of outlets 376 for letting out water vapor toward the nozzle hole formation region of the head portion 324. The water vapor passage 372 is provided inside the wall 37 of the vaporization chamber 36, and is formed in an annular shape around the injector hole provided in the wall 37. In this embodiment, the water vapor flowing through the water vapor passage 372 is supplied from the evaporator 32 shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, since water vapor is jetted toward the nozzle hole forming region of the head portion 324, the oxygen gas concentration in the vicinity of the nozzle hole forming region is higher than the oxygen gas concentration in the vaporizing chamber 36 containing air. Get lower. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of deposits that are deposited due to oxidation.

Further, in this embodiment, the water vapor is evaporated by the evaporator 32.
Since it is supplied from (FIG. 1), the temperature of the steam injected is relatively low (for example, about 120 ° C.). As a result, the temperature of the nozzle hole formation region of the head portion 324 can be kept considerably lower than the temperature inside the vaporization chamber 36, and as a result, the amount of deposits due to heat can be reduced.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the injection unit. FIG. 8 is almost the same as FIG.
At 0E, the water vapor supply unit 370E is connected to the housing 310.
It is formed inside E (more specifically, inside the second member 312E). That is, the injection unit 400E is composed of the integrated injector 300E.

Also in this case, the amount of deposits due to oxidation can be reduced. In addition, the injection unit 40
When the integrated injector 300E is adopted as 0E, there is an advantage that the injection unit can be easily handled. Furthermore, if the injection unit 400E is used,
There is also an advantage that it can be easily applied to an existing vaporization chamber that does not have a steam supply unit.

In FIGS. 7 and 8, the head cooling section 350 is provided as in the first embodiment, but when the water vapor supply sections 370D and 370E are provided, the deposit caused by heat is removed. The head cooling unit 350 may be omitted because the generation can be considerably suppressed.

As described above, in the fuel reforming apparatus of this embodiment, the injection parts 400D and 400E have the raw fuel passage 3
20, a head portion 324 having a plurality of nozzle holes, and water vapor supply portions 370D and 370E for letting out water vapor toward the plurality of nozzle holes in order to reduce the amount of oxygen gas near the plurality of nozzle holes, Is equipped with. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the generation of deposits due to oxidation, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the amount of deposits deposited in the nozzle hole formation region of the injection unit.

The injection parts 400D and 400 of this embodiment are
E is equipped with water vapor supply units 370D and 370E for outflowing water vapor toward the nozzle hole formation region, but instead of this, for example, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, other gas such as hydrogen gas is outflowed. It is also possible to provide a fluid supply part for

Further, the fluid supply unit may let out the raw fuel vaporized toward the nozzle hole formation region, the mixed gas of the raw fuel and steam, the mixed gas of the raw fuel, steam and air, and the like. Good. When the fluid supply section causes the vaporized raw fuel to flow out, a porous body such as a sintered metal is placed in the fluid passage corresponding to the water vapor passage 372, and the vaporization chamber 3
The liquid raw fuel dropped on the porous body may be vaporized by using the heat of 6. When the fluid supply unit causes the mixed gas of raw fuel, water vapor, and air to flow out, the mixed gas generated in the vaporization chamber 36 may be introduced into the fluid passage.

Further, the fluid supply section may be provided with a fluid supply section for letting out a liquid such as water or raw fuel.

When the predetermined fluid contains the reforming raw material (in this embodiment, steam, raw fuel, air) used for the reaction in the reforming section 40, the predetermined fluid is effective in the reforming section 40. It has the advantage that it can be used for.

In general, the fluid supply section may flow a predetermined fluid, which can reduce the amount of oxygen gas near the nozzle hole of the head section, toward the nozzle hole. When the predetermined fluid is gas, the oxygen gas concentration of the gas may be lower than the oxygen gas concentration inside the vaporization chamber.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and embodiments, but can be implemented in various modes without departing from the scope of the invention.
For example, the following modifications are possible.

(1) In the above embodiment, the head portion has a plurality of nozzle holes, but it may have only one nozzle hole. Further, various shapes can be adopted as the opening shape of the nozzle hole, and for example, a substantially circular shape, a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially rectangular shape (including a slit shape), or the like can be adopted. When the head portion is provided with a plurality of nozzle holes having slit-shaped openings, the nozzle holes may be arranged side by side in one direction.

(2) In the above embodiment, the injector 30
0 is a through hole 333 (FIG. 3) for passing the raw fuel.
Although the valve body 330 having the above is provided, other valve structure may be adopted instead. For example, the injector may have a valve structure such as a globe valve, a sluice valve, and a butterfly valve.

Further, in the above embodiment, the solenoid 344 for driving the valve element 330 is provided inside the housing 310, but it may be provided outside the housing. Even when the other valve structure described above is adopted, the drive unit for driving the valve may be provided inside the housing or may be provided outside the housing.

(3) In the above embodiment, the fuel reformer for reforming gasoline was explained, but the present invention is also applied to a fuel reformer for reforming alcohol, ether such as DME, aldehyde and the like. It is possible. Generally, the present invention is applicable to a fuel reformer that reforms a hydrocarbon-based liquid raw fuel after vaporizing it.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of a fuel reforming apparatus 100 in a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific configuration of a vaporization chamber 36 shown in FIG.

3 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of an injector 300 shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a first modified example of the injector.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a second modified example of the injector.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a third modified example of the injector.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of an injection unit 400D in the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a modified example of the injection unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

21 ... Raw fuel tank 22 ... Fuel pump 24 ... the first blower 26 ... Water tank 27 ... First water pump 28 ... Second water pump 30 ... Mixing section 32 ... Evaporator 34 ... Heater 36 ... Vaporization chamber 37, 37D ... Wall of vaporization chamber 40 ... reforming section 50 ... Cooling unit 60 ... Shift unit 70 ... CO purification unit 71 ... Second blower 90 ... Control unit 100 ... Fuel reformer 300, 300A-E ... Injector 310, 310A to E ... Housing 311 ... First member 312, 312A to C, 312E ... Second member 313B, 313C ... Annular wall 320 ... Raw fuel passage 321 ... Head passage 322 ... Inlet 323 ... Filter 324, 324A ... Head part 330 ... valve body 332 ... slide part 333 ... Through hole 334 ... Needle part 342 ... Spring 344 ... Solenoid 350, 350A to 350C ... Head cooling unit 352, 352A to 352C ... Coolant passage 354 ... Inflow port 356 ... Discharge port 370D, 370E ... Steam supply section 372 ... Water vapor passage 374 ... Inflow port 376 ... Outlet 400D, 400E ... Injection unit

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A fuel reforming apparatus, comprising: an injector, a vaporization chamber for vaporizing a hydrocarbon-based liquid raw fuel injected from the injector, and the vaporized raw fuel containing hydrogen. A reforming section for reforming into a reformed gas containing gas, wherein the injection section includes a raw fuel passage through which the raw fuel passes, and a head section having a nozzle hole for injecting the raw fuel. A fuel supply unit for causing a predetermined fluid to flow toward the nozzle hole in order to reduce the amount of oxygen gas near the nozzle hole. 2. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined fluid includes a reforming raw material used for a reaction in the reforming section. 3. The fuel reformer according to claim 2, wherein: The reforming unit uses steam to perform a reforming process, The fuel reformer, wherein the predetermined fluid contains water vapor. 4. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the injection section is further provided in an annular shape near the head section, and a cooling liquid passage through which a cooling liquid for cooling the head section passes. And a fuel reformer. 5. The fuel reforming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the injection unit is further movably provided in the middle of the raw fuel passage, and controls the flow state of the raw fuel. A fuel reforming unit that includes a valve body and a solenoid that is provided around the valve body and that drives the valve body; and that the cooling liquid passage is formed between the solenoid and the vaporization chamber. Quality equipment. 6. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the injection unit further includes a housing that forms the raw fuel passage, and the injection unit includes the housing. A fuel reformer integrated by a housing. 7. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the fluid supply unit is formed on a wall of the vaporization chamber.
Fuel reformer. 8. A fuel reformer, comprising a vaporization chamber for injecting a hydrocarbon-based liquid raw fuel injected from the injection unit, the vaporization chamber comprising: A reforming part for reforming into a reformed gas containing gas, the injection part is formed in the housing, the raw fuel passage through which the raw fuel passes, and the housing. A head portion having a nozzle hole for injecting the raw fuel, and a cooling liquid passage formed inside the housing, through which a cooling liquid for cooling the head portion passes, the cooling liquid passage includes: A fuel reforming device, which is provided in a ring shape near the head portion. 9. The fuel reformer according to claim 8, wherein the housing includes an annular wall portion formed so as to project around the head portion, and the cooling fluid passage includes the annular wall. A fuel reformer formed inside the section. 10. The fuel reformer according to claim 9, wherein an inner surface of the annular wall portion extends in a substantially conical shape along the injection direction of the raw fuel. 11. The fuel reformer according to claim 8, wherein the injection unit is further provided so as to be movable in the middle of the raw fuel passage, and controls the flow state of the raw fuel. A valve body, and a solenoid provided inside the housing around the valve body for driving the valve body, wherein the coolant passage is formed between the solenoid and the vaporization chamber. The fuel reformer.