JP2003290253A - Dental implant fixture - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dental implant fixture in which a dental implant fixture longer than the thickness of a bone can be buried even in a portion where the bone is thin such as a portion of an upper jaw corresponding to an upper jaw cavity for a fixed length of a portion coupled with the bone similar to an ordinary dental implant fixture. <P>SOLUTION: The dental implant fixture is composed of a cylindrical main body 1 in which one end inside the mouth cavity has a projecting or recessed rectangularly cylindrical portion 1a, a female screw 1b from the inside of the mouth cavity to a cylindrical hole 1c equal to or smaller than a valley diameter is spirally provided in a through hole provided along with a central axial line, and a sharpened tapered hole or stepped hole 1d is provided oppositely to the inside of the mouth cavity of the cylindrical hole 1c, and a top screw 2 in which a male screw 2a to be fastened with the female screw 1b is spirally provided on one terminal side for a length to bury the male screw to remain the sufficient length of the female screw 1b inside the mouth cavity within the cylindrical main body 1, and a tapered part 2b having the outer periphery in contact with the tapered hole or the stepped hole 1d is provided on the other terminal side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to embedding of a dental implant fixture in which a portion of the upper jaw, which has a constant bone length, is connected to a thin bone portion such as a portion corresponding to the maxillary sinus. The present invention relates to a dental implant fixture capable of implanting a dental implant fixture having a length longer than the bone thickness in a case of performing a sinus floor raising operation that requires the.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, implant treatment has been carried out since the phenomenon that bone was strongly bonded to titanium metal (bone bond) was discovered.
Especially, it has been developed as a prosthetic treatment with a high success rate in the field of dentistry. In this dental implant treatment, by embedding the dental implant fixture in the hole formed by being drilled in the jaw bone, the action of healing the wound of the bone and the osseointegration on the surface of the dental implant fixture are achieved. It is important to maintain rest during this healing period in order to achieve these, as well as the linking effects. For this reason, a method has been adopted in which the dental implant fixture is embedded in the jawbone and then once covered with a mucous membrane or epithelium, and no external force is applied to the dental implant fixture. This surgery is called primary surgery. There is a fixed healing period after the primary surgery, and surgery for performing prosthetic treatment is performed after the bone bond is acquired. This surgery is called secondary surgery. In the secondary surgery, an abutment that penetrates the mucous membrane or epithelium is attached to the inner side of the oral cavity of the dental implant fixture, and in the subsequent processing, the prosthesis is fixed through various processes through the abutment exposed from the body. .

In such a dental implant treatment, when it is forced to embed a dental implant fixture in a region of thin bone such as a region corresponding to the maxillary sinus in the upper jaw due to anatomical restrictions, A dental implant fixture with a short osseointegration length is applied, or the osseointegration part after performing maxillary sinus floor elevation has an optimum length similar to that of a normal dental implant fixture. A dental implant fixture is embedded. However, an occlusal load is applied to the prosthesis that is fixed to the inside of the oral cavity of the dental implant fixture via an abutment, and this load is received by the bone around the dental implant fixture. In the case of a dental implant fixture having a short length, the stress is increased due to the small surface area of the osseointegrated portion, which causes resorption of surrounding bone due to overstress, leading to treatment failure. On the other hand, it has been considered difficult to use the method of combined maxillary sinus floor elevation as a general treatment method because it requires a high degree of skill and attention.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention provides a dental implant fixture in which the length of the portion that is bone-bonded to the portion having a small bone thickness is the same as that of a normal dental implant fixture. In the case of performing maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery that requires implantation of the bone, the optimal length of the osseointegrated portion can be obtained without the need for surgery with high skill and risk as in the past. An object of the present invention is to provide a dental implant fixture in which a dental implant fixture can be embedded.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that a dental implant in which the length of the portion which is bone-bonded to the portion having a small bone thickness is the optimum length. In the case of maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery that requires the implantation of a fixture, a dental implant fixture is provided with a cylindrical body with a through hole from the inside of the oral cavity to the tip, and the cylindrical body. It is screwed into the female screw that is screwed into the through hole and is embedded and fixed so as to leave a sufficient female screw length inside the oral cavity in the through hole. The opening of the through hole on the opposite side of the oral cavity is closed. If you configure it with the tip screw to
Dental implant with a bone thickness up to the boundary of the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus. After embedding the fixture to a depth corresponding to the depth of this pilot hole, remove the tip screw from the cylindrical body and screw it into the through hole of the cylindrical body from the inside of the oral cavity and fix it through the through hole of the nozzle member. Dental implant fixture by culturing osteoblasts or bone marrow cells cultured from its tip by injecting by injecting pressure to peel off the mucosal periosteum in contact with the maxillary sinus and injecting a prescribed amount of osteoblasts or bone marrow cells After ensuring the injection of more than the final embedding depth, the nozzle member is removed from the through hole of the cylindrical body and the tip screw is fixed again in the through hole of the cylindrical body. And investigation that the implant fixture can be embedded is of the present invention has been completed.

That is, according to the present invention, a convex or concave square tube portion is provided at one end on the inside of the oral cavity, and a female screw extending from the inside of the oral cavity to a cylindrical hole having a valley diameter or less is provided in a through hole provided along the central axis. A cylindrical body that is screwed and has a tapered tapered hole or a stepped hole on the side opposite to the inside of the oral cavity of the cylindrical hole, and the female screw length sufficient for the inside of the oral cavity in the cylindrical body. A male screw having a length to be embedded so as to leave the female screw screwed into the female screw is provided on one end side, and a tapered portion whose outer circumference is in contact with the tapered hole or the stepped hole is provided on the other end side. It is a dental implant fixture characterized by being configured with a distal end screw.

In such a dental implant fixture, the cylindrical body is a cylindrical body having a male screw threaded on its outer circumference, or a cutting blade is provided on the outer circumference of the tip opposite to the inner side of the oral cavity. It is more preferable if the main body has a cylindrical body.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The dental implant fixture according to the present invention, members used with the dental implant fixture according to the present invention in dental implant treatment, and the dentistry according to the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. The primary surgery of the dental implant treatment performed using the dental implant fixture will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a cylindrical main body of a dental implant fixture according to the present invention taken along a center line, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a part of a tip screw of a dental implant fixture according to the present invention. 4 is a front explanatory view showing a section of FIG.
3 is a plan view of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a central line cross-sectional explanatory view showing a state where a cylindrical body and a tip screw of a dental implant fixture according to the present invention are fixed, and FIG. 6 is a dental implant according to the present invention. Front explanatory drawing which shows the left half of the nozzle member used with an implant fixture in a cross section, FIG. 7: Cross sectional explanatory drawing of the tube used by being attached to the nozzle member used with the dental implant fixture which concerns on this invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a process before starting an operation of injecting osteoblasts or bone marrow cells in a primary surgery performed using the dental implant fixture according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a dental implant according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the steps up to the operation of injecting osteoblasts or bone marrow cells in the primary surgery performed using the fixture, and FIG. 10 shows the dental implant fixture according to the present invention. For explaining the steps from the completion of the injection work of osteoblasts or bone marrow cells of the primary surgery performed before the final implantation of the dental implant fixture, and FIG. 11 uses the dental implant fixture according to the present invention. It is a process explanatory view until the final implantation of the dental implant fixture of the primary surgery which is performed by the following.

In the drawings, reference numeral 1 is a cylindrical main body made of titanium or titanium alloy which constitutes a main part of a dental implant fixture according to the present invention, and a convex or concave rectangular tube portion 1a ( In the illustrated embodiment, it has a convex square tube portion), and a female screw 1b extending from the inner side of the oral cavity to a cylindrical hole 1c having a valley diameter or less is screwed into a through hole provided along the central axis. A tapered taper hole or a stepped hole 1d (tapered hole in the illustrated embodiment) is provided on the side opposite to the inner side of the oral cavity of the hole 1c, and a male screw 1e is screwed on the outer periphery and the inner side of the oral cavity. It is a cylindrical main body provided with a cutting blade 1f on the outer circumference of the tip on the opposite side.

Reference numeral 2 is another titanium or titanium alloy member constituting the dental implant fixture according to the present invention, which is embedded inside the oral cavity in the cylindrical main body 1 so as to leave a sufficient length of the female screw 1b. A male screw 2a that is inserted into the female body 1b of the cylindrical body 1 is screwed on one end side, and the outer circumference is in contact with the tapered hole or the stepped hole 1d of the cylindrical body 1 and is cylindrical. A taper portion 2b for closing the opening of the through hole of the main body 1 on the side opposite to the inside of the oral cavity is provided on the other end side, and a hexagon wrench or the like is provided on the end surface on the side where the male screw 2a is screwed. It is a tip screw provided with a wrench engaging hole 2c into which a wrench is inserted and engaged. Here, the reason for leaving a sufficient length of the female screw 1b inside the oral cavity in the cylindrical body 1 is that the tip screw 2 has the tapered portion 2b in contact with the tapered hole or stepped hole 1d of the cylindrical body 1 at the outer periphery. While being screwed into the cylindrical body 1 until the state is reached, the female screw 1b on the inside of the oral cavity in the cylindrical body 1 is for fixing a mount screw 6, a cover screw 8 and a prosthesis described later. This is because it is necessary to secure a sufficient screwing strength when the abutment screw for fixing the abutment to the cylindrical body 1 is screwed.

A male thread 3 is inserted into the through hole of the cylindrical body 1 from the inside of the oral cavity and then screwed in the central portion in the longitudinal direction.
3a is screwed into the female thread 1b of the cylindrical body 1 and the outer periphery is in contact with the tapered hole or the stepped hole 1d of the cylindrical body 1 at the tip, and at the opening of the through hole of the cylindrical body 1 opposite to the inner side of the oral cavity. It has a tapered portion 3b for sealing a gap with the through hole of the cylindrical body 1 and has a through hole 3c along the central axis line, which is hollow and longer than the cylindrical body 1. It is a nozzle member.

Numeral 4 is a soft material for fitting osteoblasts or bone marrow cells R into the through hole 3c of the nozzle member 3 by being fitted to the outer surface of the nozzle member 3 opposite to the side where the tapered portion 3b is provided. It is a tube made of synthetic resin.

Using the dental implant fixture or member according to the present invention as described above, a dental implant fixture having a predetermined length for a portion that is bone-bonded to a portion having a thin bone thickness is provided. The primary surgery of the dental implant treatment when it is necessary to perform the maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery that requires implantation will be described based on the process diagrams of FIGS. 8 to 11.

First, as shown in FIG. 8 (A), the oral mucosa periosteum W is incised in a portion of the upper jaw where the bone thickness is thin, which requires the implantation of a dental implant fixture, and then the upper sinus. An embedding hole for a dental implant fixture is formed in the maxilla X by the bone thickness up to the boundary of the Z-side maxillary sinus-side mucosal periosteum Y. Next, the external thread 2a is screwed into the female thread 1b of the cylindrical body 1 until the outer periphery of the tapered portion 2b contacts the tapered hole or the stepped hole 1d of the cylindrical body 1, and the tip screw 2 is fixed as shown in FIG. 1. Prepare the dental implant fixture according to the present invention in the state of the cylindrical body 1
A flat surface provided on the side surface of the fixture mount 5 by engaging the concave or convex square tube portion provided on the fixture mount 5 with the convex or concave square tube portion 1a at one end on the inside of the oral cavity. While holding the fixture mount 5 in place, the mounting screw 6 is passed through the through hole provided along the central axis of the fixture mount 5 with the cylindrical body 1 not rotating with respect to the fixture mount 5. The side surface of the fixture mount 5 fixed to the cylindrical main body 1 is held by being screwed into the female screw 1b screwed into the through hole provided along the central axis of the cylindrical main body 1. As shown in FIG. 8B, the convex or concave shape of the cylindrical main body 1 is made so that the center line of the pilot hole for the dental implant fixture and the center line of the cylindrical main body 1 coincide with each other. Rectangular tube portion 1a allowed to positioned at the opening portion of the incoming pilot hole embedding dental implant fixture opposite side of the distal end to the side provided.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8 (C), the dental implant fixture according to the present invention, in which the fixture mount 5 is fixed by the mounting screw 6, is placed at the depth of the prepared pilot hole for the dental implant fixture. Embed to the corresponding depth. At this time, if the inner diameter of the pilot hole for implanting the dental implant fixture is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 1, the centerline of the pilot hole for implanting the dental implant fixture and the centerline of the cylindrical body 1 It may be inserted by pushing so as to match with, and when the inner diameter of the prepared hole for the dental implant fixture is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical main body 1, the center of the prepared hole for the dental implant fixture. A male screw threaded on the outer circumference of the cylindrical body 1 by rotating the whole body around the center line of the cylindrical body 1 so that the line and the center line of the cylindrical body 1 coincide with each other.
The dental implant fixture is embedded in the embedding hole for the dental implant fixture by threading the maxilla X with 1e. In this way, when the whole is rotated about the center line of the cylindrical body 1 to embed the dental implant fixture in the embedding hole for the dental implant fixture, the inner side of the oral cavity of the cylindrical body 1 It is preferable that the cutting edge 1f is provided on the outer circumference of the tip on the opposite side to facilitate insertion into the embedded pilot hole for the dental implant fixture. Then, while rotating the mount screw 6 while holding the side surface of the fixture mount 5 so that the cylindrical body 1 does not rotate,
The mount screw 6 is removed from the cylindrical body 1 together with the fixture mount 5, and the fixture fixing tool 7 is provided on the convex or concave square tube portion 1a provided at one end on the inner side of the oral cavity of the cylindrical body 1. The concave or convex square tube portion is engaged and the fixture fixing tool 7 is held by the flat surface portion provided on the side surface thereof to keep the cylindrical body 1 from rotating, Body 1
By inserting a wrench (not shown) inserted in the through hole into the wrench engaging hole 2c provided in the end surface of the tip screw 2 on the side where the male screw 2a is screwed, and rotating the wrench The screw 2 is removed so that the state shown in FIG.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 9E, a tube 4 is fitted to the outer surface of the nozzle member 3 opposite to the side where the tapered portion 3b is provided. Thereafter, the fixture fixing tool 7 engaged with one end of the inner side of the oral cavity of the cylindrical main body 1 is held by the flat surface portion provided on the side surface thereof to keep the cylindrical main body 1 from rotating, The nozzle member 3 is inserted into the through hole of the cylindrical body 1 from the inside of the oral cavity, and the male screw 3a screwed on the central portion in the length direction of the nozzle member 3 is screwed into the female screw 1b of the cylindrical body 1 to form a taper portion 3b. Is in the state shown in FIG. 9 (F) in which the outer circumference is in contact with the tapered hole or stepped hole 1d of the cylindrical body 1, and then the tip of the cylindrical body 1 is passed from the tube 4 through the nozzle member 3, the through hole of the cylindrical body 1. Cultured osteoblasts or bone marrow cells R are injected by applying injection pressure to remove the sinusoidal mucosa periosteum Y that is in contact with the maxillary sinus Z, and a certain amount of osteoblasts or bone marrow cells R are removed. Final implant depth of injected and dental implant fixture Secure more than an injection. At this time, since the tapered portion 3b at the tip of the nozzle member 3 is in contact with the tapered hole or the stepped hole 1d of the cylindrical body 1 to secure the closed state, the osteoblast in the dental implant fixture is secured. The inflow of cells or bone marrow cells R is prevented, and the bulge of osteoblasts or bone marrow cells R can be imparted to the maxillary sinus Z side without waste. Needless to say, when the injected osteoblasts or bone marrow cells R are cultured osteoblasts, cultured osteoblasts of the patient themselves are optimal.

Next, the nozzle member 3 is rotated with the fixture fixing tool 7 held to prevent the cylindrical body 1 from rotating, and the nozzle member 3 is removed from the through hole of the cylindrical body 1 and is shown in FIG. Set to the state shown in. Then, the fixture fixing tool 7 is held to keep the cylindrical body 1 from rotating, and the tip screw 2 is screwed from the inside of the oral cavity into the through hole of the cylindrical body 1 from the inside of the oral cavity. The tapered portion is formed by engaging the wrench with the wrench engaging hole 2c provided on the end face on the side where the wrench is engaged and rotating the wrench.
10H of FIG. 10 by screwing the male screw 1a of the cylindrical body 1 into the female screw 1b again until the outer circumference of 2b contacts the tapered hole or the stepped hole 1d of the cylindrical body 1 and fixing it to the cylindrical body 1. Set to the state shown in.

Next, the fixture fixing tool 7 is removed from the convex or concave rectangular tube portion 1a provided at one end on the inner side of the oral cavity of the cylindrical main body 1 and, as in FIG. 8B,
A convex or concave square tube portion at one end on the inner side of the oral cavity of the cylindrical main body 1.
A mounting screw 6 is provided along the central axis of the fixture mount 5 with the fixture mount 5 engaged with the la 1a and holding the side surface of the fixture mount 5 to prevent the cylindrical body 1 from rotating. 10 (I) is screwed into the female screw 1b screwed in the through hole provided along the central axis of the cylindrical main body 1 through the through hole.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 11 (J), the dental implant fixture according to the present invention, in which the fixture mount 5 is fixed by the mount screw 6, is embedded to the predetermined depth of the upper jaw. The male screw 1e may be embedded along the center line of the cylindrical main body 1 when the male screw 1e is not screwed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical main body 1. If provided, the male screw 1e and the maxillary bone X which are rotated around the center line of the cylindrical main body 1 and are screwed around the outer periphery of the cylindrical main body 1
Insert it while maintaining the screwed state with. Next, after the side surface of the fixture mount 5 is held to prevent the cylindrical body 1 from rotating, the mount screw 6 is rotated to remove it from the cylindrical body 1 and the fixture mount 5, and then the fixture mount 5 is removed. Cylindrical body 1
Then, the state shown in FIG. 11 (K) is obtained.

Thereafter, a cover screw 8 is screwed from the inside of the oral cavity of the cylindrical body 1 to the female screw 1b of the cylindrical body 1 to close the opening of the through hole on the inside of the mouth of the cylindrical body 1 of FIG. After the state shown in (L), the inner side of the mouth of the cover screw 8 is covered with the inner side mucosa periosteum W, and the primary operation is completed. The injected osteoblasts or bone marrow cells R are converted into bone after a certain period of time, and the connection with the surrounding bone is completed, and further the bone connection with the dental implant fixture is completed, and the bone is prepared as a functional bone. It is possible to firmly support the implant. still,
The secondary surgery is the same as the conventional one.

[0021]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The dental implant fixture according to the present invention, which is used when performing the primary surgery of the dental implant treatment through the steps described above in detail, has a length of a portion to be bone-bonded normally. Since it has almost the same length as that of the dental implant fixtures in the above, it is necessary to perform treatment for maxillary sinus floor elevation. The dental implant treatment is performed without the need for highly skilled and risky surgery such as maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery, because the resorption of surrounding bones does not occur due to overstress due to occlusal load. It is possible to do so, and it is of great value to contribute to the field of dentistry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a centerline cross-sectional explanatory view of a cylindrical main body of a dental implant fixture according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front explanatory view showing a cross section of a part of the tip screw of the dental implant fixture according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a central line cross-sectional explanatory view showing a state where the cylindrical body and the tip screw of the dental implant fixture according to the present invention are fixed.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing in cross section the left half of the nozzle member used with the dental implant fixture according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a tube used by being attached to a nozzle member used with the dental implant fixture according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a process explanatory diagram before starting the injection work of osteoblasts or bone marrow cells in the primary surgery performed using the dental implant fixture according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a process explanatory diagram up to the operation of injecting osteoblasts or bone marrow cells in the primary surgery performed using the dental implant fixture according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a process explanatory diagram from the completion of the injection work of osteoblasts or bone marrow cells of the primary surgery performed using the dental implant fixture according to the present invention to the final implantation of the dental implant fixture. .

FIG. 11 is a process explanatory diagram up to the final implantation completion of the dental implant fixture for the primary surgery performed using the dental implant fixture according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 cylindrical body 1a Convex or concave square tube 1b female screw 1c Cylindrical hole 1d Tapered or stepped hole 1e male screw 1f cutting blade 2 Tip screw 2a male 2b taper 2c wrench engaging hole 3 nozzle members 3a male 3b taper 3c through hole 4 tubes 5 fixture mount 6 mounting screws 7 Fixture fixing tool 8 cover screws R osteoblasts or bone marrow cells W oral mucosa periosteum X maxilla Y Maxillary sinus mucosa periosteum Z Maxillary sinus

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A convex or concave rectangular tube portion at one end inside the oral cavity.
(1a), a female screw (1b) from the inner side of the oral cavity to a cylindrical hole having a valley diameter or less (1c) is screwed into the through hole provided along the central axis, and the cylindrical hole (1c) And a cylindrical body (1) having a tapered hole or a stepped hole (1d) on the side opposite to the inner side of the oral cavity, and the female screw (1b) that is sufficient inside the oral cavity in the cylindrical body (1). ) A length to be embedded to leave a length, and a male screw (2a) that is screwed into the female screw (1b) is screwed on one end side, and the outer circumference is provided in the tapered hole or stepped hole (1d). A dental implant fixture, characterized in that a tapered portion (2b) in contact with is composed of a tip screw (2) provided on the other end side. 2. A cylindrical body (1) has a male thread (1
The dental implant fixture according to claim 1, wherein e) is a threaded cylindrical body. 3. The dental implant fixture according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical main body (1) is a cylindrical main body having a cutting edge (1f) provided on the outer circumference of the tip opposite to the inner side of the oral cavity. .