JP2003279930A - Method for driving simple matrix liquid crystal, and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To display a multi-level still picture and also a complete moving picture by suppressing the lowering of a contrast and the like in STN (super twisted nematic) liquid crystal. <P>SOLUTION: In the method of driving the simple matrix liquid crystal, high- order bits of grayscale data corresponding to display data are expressed by a pulse width modulation gradation system and low-order bits of the grayscale data corresponding to the display data are expressed by a frame rate control gradation system, then the data expressed by the frame rate control system are allocated to the minimum division time of the pulse width modulation system, and the data expressed by the frame rate control gradation system are added to the data expressed by the pulse width modulation system, thereby displaying the multi-level still picture and also the complete moving picture. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of driving a simple matrix liquid crystal and a liquid crystal driving device, and more particularly to an MLA.
(Multi-line addressing) drive system is used, PW
FR for M (pulse width modulation) gradation method
The present invention relates to a driving method and a liquid crystal driving device of a simple matrix liquid crystal which adds a C (frame rate control) gradation method and displays a multi-gradation color moving image on the simple matrix liquid crystal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, LCD panels (liquid crystal display devices) used as display means in personal computers, personal digital assistants, mobile phones and the like have been increasingly colorized and are required to display multi-gradation and high-definition images. However, the demand for full video display is also increasing. Here, as a gradation driving method for displaying multi-gradation, there are roughly classified two methods, that is, an FRC (frame rate control) method and a PWM (pulse width modulation) method.

The FRC system displays one display image by using a plurality of frames, and the display image of the display image is controlled by controlling the number of times the liquid crystal element is turned on or off in each frame period. This is a gradation method for expressing gradation. The PWM method is a gradation method that expresses the gradation of a display image by allocating ON and OFF periods within one frame. That is, the PWM method can be considered as a method of performing the FRC method within one frame.

Further, in order to display a moving image (complete moving image), it is necessary to update the display image data of 30 frames or more in at least one second, and for that purpose, the image data must be transferred for each frame. , Fast rewriting of the memory is required. Further, as the number of gradations increases, the amount of data also increases, and further speeding up is required, and power consumption increases due to the speeding up. Therefore, it is required to suppress the power consumption as much as possible so that the power consumption does not increase even if the speed is increased.

Conventionally, for realizing a multi-gradation, for example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 11-24637 discloses a combination of a PWM system and an FRC system to provide a large-screen simple matrix liquid crystal display device with 64 or more gradations. It is disclosed that a natural image is displayed. This is because each column voltage is non-uniformly divided into two, and in each frame period, P
Multi-gradation is configured by performing multi-gradation expression by the WM method and updating one image at a plurality of frame cycles corresponding to the PWM gradation so as to combine the FRC method.

Further, in performing such gradation expression, column voltage control and phase frame control are used together. The column voltage control refers to increasing the magnitude of the column voltage by 5% when the series of column voltage sequences applied to a predetermined liquid crystal element or column electrode is all smaller than the pulse width that can be assigned to the column voltage. In this way, the decrease in brightness due to high frequency is compensated. The phase frame control is a phase control in the FRC method so that a plurality of average luminances are substantially equal among a plurality of frames.

Furthermore, the one disclosed in the above publication is a momentary luminance deviation by controlling so that all the absolute values of the column voltages of the column voltage series are the same in the MLA driving method. We try to suppress the occurrence of splicing.

[0008] Further, conventionally, for displaying a moving image,
For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-281933, a liquid crystal display screen (liquid crystal panel) has a still image display area and a moving image display area, and still image data sent from a CPU or the like and image data sent from a moving image controller. It is disclosed that the moving image data is switched and output to a liquid crystal panel. This is an external device that stores display data (still image data) from an external data bus in a built-in display memory, and sequentially reads the output data bus from the display memory, and display data (video data) from an external video controller. By switching between the data bus and the display, the power consumption is reduced.

Further, in the one disclosed in the above publication, gradation display is performed by any of the FRC system, the PWM system, the AM (amplitude modulation) system, or a combination thereof. In particular, PWM
In the composite gradation of the FRC method and the FRC method, each gradation by PWM obtained by dividing a selection period of a row electrode (hereinafter, a row selection period) is serialized for each frame to be a multi-gradation.

[0010]

However, in the STN (Super Twisted Nematic) LCD driver corresponding to the display of a complete moving image obtained by switching the screen of at least 30 frames per second, the multi-gradation is achieved by using only the PWM system. Then, the column signal becomes high frequency, and there is a problem that the LCD panel cannot respond to this. This is mainly due to the resistance component of the transparent electrode and the capacitance component of the liquid crystal between the transparent electrodes. In addition, the above-mentioned JP-A-11-24637
Even if the column division PWM is made to have multiple gradations by the FRC method as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. JP-A-2003-264, only the amount of the column division PWM that is reduced gradually increases by the FRC, and similarly, the column signal becomes higher in frequency and There is a problem that the selection period also decreases.

In the first place, in the conventional duty driving method, the frame response phenomenon occurs in the high-speed liquid crystal, but since the high-speed driving is performed in the moving image display as described above, there is a problem that the frame response phenomenon lowers the contrast. Further, in the MLA driving method, the number of selections per unit time is larger than that in the duty driving method, but the same applies to high frequencies. Further, in the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 9-281933, which switches the moving image data from the outside and the still image data inside, only power is consumed externally, which leads to cost increase due to a plurality of chips. There are also problems.

The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional problems, and displays characters, low-speed moving images or still images in multiple gradations on an STN liquid crystal display, and also reduces contrast, increases power consumption and splicing. An object of the present invention is to provide a driving method of a simple matrix liquid crystal and a liquid crystal driving device which can display a multi-gradation complete moving image while suppressing deterioration of color reproducibility.

[0013]

In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention is a method of driving a simple matrix liquid crystal composed of a plurality of row electrodes and column electrodes, which corresponds to display data. The upper bits of the gradation data are expressed by the pulse width modulation gradation method, and the lower bits of the gradation data corresponding to the display data are expressed by the frame rate control gradation method. A method for driving a simple matrix liquid crystal device, characterized in that the expression is assigned to a minimum division time in the pulse width modulation gradation method and added to the pulse width modulation gradation method.

In the simple matrix liquid crystal driving method, it is preferable that the selection period for selecting the row electrode is set to an upper bit that is equal to or larger than the maximum grayscale data to be displayed and each grayscale is mapped.

Further, it is preferable that the lower bit of the grayscale data corresponding to the display data is 3 bits and the selection period for selecting the row electrode is set to a multiple of 8 to map each grayscale.

Further, it is preferable that the simple matrix liquid crystal is driven by a multi-line addressing driving method in which a plurality of row electrodes are simultaneously selected and driven from the row electrodes. Further, in the multi-line addressing driving method, on-off data and row electrode selection patterns based on the grayscale data of simultaneously selected rows are exclusive-ORed and added at each minimum division time. Is preferred. In the pulse width modulation gradation method, during a selection period for selecting the row electrodes,
It is preferable to disperse the ON positions based on the gradation data. Further, it is preferable that the ON positions based on the grayscale data are dispersed into two during the selection period for selecting the row electrodes.

Further, in the frame rate control gradation method, it is preferable to arbitrarily designate a frame rate control fixed area where the frame rate control is stopped.

In the frame rate control fixed area, it is preferable that the frame rate control section is fixed to the most significant bit of the lower bits of the gradation data.

Similarly, in order to solve the above problems, a second aspect of the present invention is a liquid crystal driving for driving a super twisted nematic liquid crystal by the method for driving a simple matrix liquid crystal according to any one of claims 1 to 9. Provide a device.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A simple matrix liquid crystal driving method and a liquid crystal driving apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an embodiment of a liquid crystal driving device (LCD driver) for executing the driving method of a simple matrix liquid crystal according to the present invention. The LCD driver according to the present embodiment uses the MLA driving method in which seven row electrodes are simultaneously selected by using an orthogonal function of seven rows and eight columns, and the voltage level of the column electrodes is set to four values. This driving method is called FLA7 (four-level addressing 7). In the MLA driving method, a plurality of row electrodes are simultaneously selected to apply a row electrode selection pattern, and a voltage corresponding to the row electrode selection pattern and gradation data is selected and applied to a column electrode. The display cycle is completed by repeating this field for the number of row electrode selection patterns. In the case of FLA7, one display cycle is completed with 8 fields. As shown in FIG. 1, the LC according to the present embodiment
The D driver 10 simultaneously selects seven rows (common COM) of the LCD panel (LCD) 12 and drives the column electrode voltage in four values, a row electrode driver 14 and a column electrode driver 16.
And a display data memory 18.

Further, since FIG. 1 is an example of processing each color of RGB by time division, only one of each is displayed,
Scrambler 20, EXOR gate 22, adder (adder) 2 for each column (segment SEG) of each color of RGB
4, a latch and selector 26 may be provided. Also,
A gradation selector 28 for sending gradation data to the scrambler 20 is provided for gradation display, and the row electrode selection pattern is set to the EXOR gate 22 and the row electrode driver 14.
A row electrode selection pattern generating circuit 30 is provided for feeding into. Further, the display data memory 18 is provided with a RAM decoder 32. Further, a controller 34 for controlling each of these components is installed.

From the display data memory 18, color data (RGB) of 7 lines of the LCD 12 which are simultaneously driven is displayed.
Are output to the scrambler 20 at the same time.
The scrambler 20 outputs on / off signals corresponding to the grayscale data received from the grayscale selector 28, respectively. The ON / OFF signal output from the scrambler 20 is exclusive ORed with the corresponding row electrode selection pattern received from the row electrode selection pattern generation circuit 30 by the EXOR gate 22, and added by the adder 24. To be done. The addition result is input to the latch-and-selector 26, and the latch-and-selector 26 causes the voltage level corresponding to the addition result to be -3Vc, -Vc, + Vc, where Vc is 1/3 of the maximum voltage of the column electrode. It is selected from four values of +3 Vc and output to the column electrode driver 16. Then, the row electrode driver 14 and the column electrode driver 16
Thereby, the LCD 12 is driven.

As described above, in this embodiment, the MLA drive system is used. This is because, in order to avoid the frame response phenomenon, the MLA drive method in which the number of selections of the unit time is large is essential. Further, since the larger the number of selected rows, the larger the number of selections, the FLA 7 which drives seven rows at the same time is preferable. In the 7-row simultaneous driving MLA driving method, the type of the column electrode voltage level is usually 8 values, but in the FLA 7 driving method, there are 4 values, so the frequency of the column electrode voltage is about 1/2. It also has the effect of becoming.

Further, in the present embodiment, in order to display a complete moving image (30 frames / second), the upper bits of the grayscale data corresponding to the display data are displayed by the PWM grayscale method and the display data is also handled. The lower bits of the gradation data to be displayed are displayed by the FRC gradation method.

Further, since the voltage-luminance characteristic of the liquid crystal is not linear, gradation correction is required, and in order to display 64 gradations, gradation data of 64 or more and the minimum necessary gradation data is necessary. become. Specifically, 64 grayscales are selected from 128 grayscales to be grayscale data. However, when a complete moving image display of 128 gradations is performed only on the PWM gradation method on a liquid crystal panel of 168 rows (7 rows × 24 blocks), the minimum division time is 1.36 μsec (1 / (30 frames × 8 fields × 24
Block x 128 gradations)) and the LCD panel cannot respond. By the way, 4000 (4K) colors are sufficient as gradations of a complete moving image that can be recognized by human eyes, and 16 gradations (16 × 16 × 16 = 40) for each color (R, G, B).
96). Therefore, the upper 4 bits (1
6 gradations) are displayed by the PWM gradation method.

Since high image quality is required for characters, low speed moving images and still images, all 128 gradation data are displayed. Therefore, in this embodiment, the lower 3 of the 128 gradation data are set.
Bits are displayed in 8 frames (8 gradations), and P
This is assigned to the minimum division time of the WM gradation method and added to the PWM gradation method. in this way,
Here, a method of adding (plusing) the FRC gradation method to the PWM gradation method is referred to here as PpF (PWM plus FR
C) It is called a gradation method.

The inventor of the present application selects 64 gradations out of 128 gradations (7 bits) including correction of the voltage-luminance characteristic of the liquid crystal this time, and sets 260,000 colors for R, G, B. We have developed a gradation method corresponding to the complete moving image (30 frames / second) to be displayed. It is a PpF (PWM plus FRC) gradation method which is an addition of the FRC gradation method to this PWM gradation method. According to this PpF gradation method, the frequency can be reduced to 1/4, the power consumption is remarkably reduced, the power consumption does not increase even in a complete moving image, and the gradation data can be retained.
It has an excellent effect that it is as small as 08 bits and needs only about 1/5. In the present embodiment, 260,000 color STN-
An LCD driver (liquid crystal driving device) of the PpF gradation system for LCD will be described.

As described above, according to the PpF gradation method of this embodiment, the gradation is changed from 128 gradations (7 bits) to 64 gradations.
The gradation is selected, the upper 4 bits are expressed by the PWM gradation method, the lower 3 bits are expressed by the FRC gradation method, the FRC is assigned to the minimum division time of PWM, and the gradation is added to the PWM gradation method. The required row selection period is set to be a multiple of 8.

For example, assume that the maximum gradation is 107. At this time, the row selection period is set to a multiple of 8 which is 107 or more, for example, 112 (14 × 8) gradations, and is mapped to 112 gradations.
To divide. Then, in sequence 0, the lower 3 bits are FR
It is expressed by the C gradation method, and the upper 4 bits are expressed by the PWM gradation method in the sequences 1 to 13.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a driving method based on the continuous time PWM gradation method. This is an example of 14 sequences. The value is set in the tone palette. R (red) and B (blue) are similarly set in the gradation palette using gradations 0 to 13. Since the MLA operation is performed on the ON / OFF data of each sequence by using eight kinds of row electrode selection patterns, it is completed in eight fields. However, in the continuous time PWM gradation method, as shown in FIG. 2, all gradations are turned on at the same time, and the display data RA
It is turned off according to the gradation palette set to M. Then, since they are turned on all at once again, flicker may be seen when the repetition frequency of the display cycle is low (for example, 35 Hz or less). As a countermeasure against this, a distributed PWM gradation method in which the ON time of the PWM gradation method is dispersed in the PWM section of the row selection period can be considered.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a driving method based on the distributed PWM gradation method. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the number of sequences is 16
It is fixed to. Further, the ON positions of the sequences 1 to 15 in the PWM section are dispersed according to the PWM value to prevent flicker. However, if the frequency at which the segment voltage changes and the crosstalk becomes conspicuous due to an excessive increase in the number of dispersions as described above and crosstalk is conspicuous, it may be dispersed in two, as shown in FIG. .

When 64 gray scales are required instead of 128 gray scales, the sequence number is fixed to 8. At this time,
As shown in FIG. 5, the ON positions of the sequences 1 to 7 in the PWM section are dispersed into two according to the PWM value. Also, F
In the RC section, the field (FR
For each C sequence), ON / OFF in each sequence is controlled as shown in FIG. By doing this, FR
Since the C sequence is updated for each field, ON and OFF are averaged and flicker is small. At this time, each FR
Since the MLA calculation is performed on the ON / OFF data of the C sequence by using eight kinds of row electrode selection patterns, it is completed in 64 fields.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the FRC section is fixed to the FRC sequence 7 (the most significant bit in the lower 3 bits) by designation. Since the FRC is completed in 8 fields, splicing, which is an instantaneous luminance change, is small even if the display data is changed, and the decrease in color reproducibility due to the incomplete MLA calculation is small. Eventually, the lower 3 bits will be rounded down to 4, and equivalently, F
The RC period becomes one of the PWM periods, and the upper 4 bits become 4.5 bits. 12 bits are 1 for R, G, and B
Since it has 3.5 bits, it has 11K colors. Even this is sufficient as the gradation of a complete moving image that can be recognized by human eyes.

As an application example of the PpF gradation method, it is considered that the screen of a mobile phone is divided into a character or low speed moving image area and a complete moving image area for display. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the screen 50 of the mobile phone is divided into an FRC non-fixed area A for displaying characters, still images or slow moving images and an FRC fixed area B for displaying complete moving images. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, the FRC fixed area of the screen 50 of the mobile phone is set to the FRC fixed area C of the row electrode and the FRC fixed area D of the column electrode.
As described above, if the row electrode and the column electrode are respectively designated, the complete moving image can be displayed at an arbitrary position on the screen 50.

The operation of the liquid crystal drive device 10 shown in FIG. 1 will be described below. The controller 34 uses the LCD panel 12
Display data RAM for display data of blocks to be displayed on
The RAM decoder 32 of 18 is instructed. Then, the display data (R, G, B) for the selected seven lines is sent from the display data RAM 18 to the scrambler 20.

The scrambler 20 determines from the gradation conversion data sent from the gradation selector 28 whether the gradation indicated by the display data is ON or OFF in the sequence.
The generation of this gradation conversion data will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the controller 34 has 128
Upper 4 of 64 gradation data specified from gradations
The bits are set in the PWM gradation palette 36, and the lower 3 bits of the gradation data are set in the FRC gradation palette 38.

The sequencer 40 generates sequence signals (SQ0 to SQ15) according to the clock from the controller 34 and the end sequence value. The PWM gradation palette 36 outputs ON / OFF data of each gradation (gradation 0 to gradation 63) at the time of each sequence (SQ1 to SQ15). The FRC sequencer 42 generates FRC sequence signals (F0 to F7) according to the clock from the controller 34 and the designation of the FRC fixed area. When it corresponds to the FRC fixed area, it is fixed to F7 corresponding to the most significant bit in the lower 3 bits. The FRC gradation palette 38
The on / off data of each gradation (gradation 0 to gradation 63) at the time of each FRC sequence (F0 to F7) is output.

The gradation selector 28 is F when SQ0.
ON / OFF data from the RC gradation palette 38, and in the case of SQ1 to SQ15, PWM gradation palette 3
The on / off data from 6 is output as gradation conversion data. In this way, the FRC gradation method is added to the PWM gradation method by allocating the one expressed in the FRC gradation method to the minimum division time in the PWM gradation method.

Referring again to FIG. 1, the controller 34
The row electrode selection pattern used at that time is instructed to the row electrode selection pattern generation circuit 30. The row electrode selection pattern generation circuit 30 sends the row electrode selection pattern to the EXOR gate 22 and the row electrode driver 14. In the EXOR gate 22, the exclusive OR of the ON / OFF data from the scrambler 20 and the row electrode selection pattern (EXO
R) is calculated. The result of the EXOR operation is the adder 24
Are added together and latched by the latch and selector 26.

The column electrode voltage level is selected according to the latched value and is supplied to each column electrode by the column electrode driver 16. On the other hand, the selected row electrode voltage is supplied to the row electrodes by the row electrode driver 14, which drives the LCD panel 12.

As described above, according to this embodiment, a STN liquid crystal can display a low-speed moving image or a still image of multiple gradations (260,000 colors), and a complete moving image of 4K colors or more (30 frames / second). ) Can be displayed. Further, since the row selection period is sufficient and the frequency of the column electrode voltage is low, the STN liquid crystal can respond to this.
It is possible to reduce the decrease in contrast. Also,
Since the ON positions in the PWM section are dispersed, flicker is small even if the repetition frequency of the display cycle is lowered.
Further, since the operating frequency can be gradually reduced, the power consumption is remarkably small, and the power consumption does not increase even in the complete moving image display. Furthermore, since the area for displaying a complete moving image can be arbitrarily specified, it can be applied to various applications, and since FRC gradation display can be stopped, there is less splicing and color reproducibility due to MLA calculation not being completed. It also has the effect that the decrease of

Although the simple matrix liquid crystal driving method and the liquid crystal driving apparatus according to the present invention have been described above in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and does not depart from the scope of the present invention. Of course, various improvements and changes may be made.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, S
The TN liquid crystal can display a multi-gradation low-speed moving image or a still image, and can display a multi-gradation complete moving image with little flicker, with a sufficient row selection period and column electrodes. Since the frequency at which the voltage changes is low, S
The TN liquid crystal panel can respond to this, and the reduction in contrast can be reduced. Further, since the operating frequency can be gradually reduced, the power consumption is remarkably small, and it is possible to suppress the increase in the power consumption even in the complete moving image display. Further, when the area for displaying a complete moving image is arbitrarily designated, it can be applied to various applications and the FRC gradation display can be stopped, resulting in less splicing and color due to the MLA calculation not being completed. It also has the effect of reducing reproducibility.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an embodiment of a liquid crystal driving device (LCD driver) for executing a simple matrix liquid crystal driving method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a driving method based on a continuous time PWM gradation method.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a driving method based on a distributed PWM gradation method.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a driving method based on a distributed PWM gray scale method.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a driving method by a distributed PWM gradation method in the case of 64 gradations.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a driving method in an FRC section.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a screen divided into an FRC non-fixed area for displaying characters and still images and an FRC fixed area for displaying a complete moving image.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a screen for arbitrarily designating an FRC fixed area.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram around a controller showing generation of gradation conversion data.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Liquid crystal drive (LCD driver) 12 LCD panel 14 row electrode driver 16-row electrode driver 18 Display data RAM 20 scrambler 22 EXOR gate 24 Adder 26 Latch and Selector 28 gradation selector 30-row electrode selection pattern generation circuit 32 RAM decoder 34 Controller 36 PWM gradation palette 38 FRC gradation palette 40 sequencer 42 FRC sequencer 50 screen (of mobile phone)

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) G09G 3/20 G09G 3/20 641E 641K 3/36 3/36 (72) Inventor Hideyuki Kitayama Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture 1-chome, Nakase 1-chome, Mihama-ku Kawasaki Microelectronics Co., Ltd. Makuhari Head Office F-term (reference) 2H089 QA16 RA10 TA02 TA07 2H093 NC00 NC41 NC90 ND03 ND06 ND07 ND10 ND15 ND39 NE03 NF13 5C006 AA01 AA02 AA14 AA15 ABB22 AC13BF02 AF13 BF44 BF26 BF28 FA14 FA44 FA47 FA56 5C080 AA10 BB05 CC03 DD08 DD22 DD26 EE30 FF10 GG12 JJ02 JJ04

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A driving method of a simple matrix liquid crystal comprising a plurality of row electrodes and column electrodes, wherein the upper bits of grayscale data corresponding to display data are expressed by a pulse width modulation grayscale method, and the display is performed. The lower bit of the grayscale data corresponding to the data is expressed by the frame rate control grayscale method, and the one expressed by the frame rate control grayscale method is assigned to the minimum division time in the pulse width modulation grayscale method, A method for driving a simple matrix liquid crystal, characterized by being added to the pulse width modulation gradation method. 2. The simple matrix liquid crystal driving method, wherein the selection period for selecting the row electrode is set to an upper bit which is equal to or larger than the maximum gradation data to be displayed, and each gradation is mapped. A method for driving a simple matrix liquid crystal described in. 3. The gray scale data corresponding to the display data has 3 lower bits and the selection period for selecting the row electrode is set to a multiple of 8 to map each gray scale. Item 3. A method for driving a simple matrix liquid crystal according to Item 1 or 2. 4. The simple matrix liquid crystal is driven by a multi-line addressing driving method in which a plurality of row electrodes are simultaneously selected and driven from the row electrodes. Driving method of simple matrix liquid crystal. 5. The multi-line addressing driving method performs an exclusive OR operation on the row electrode selection pattern and on or off data based on the grayscale data of rows simultaneously selected at each minimum division time. The method for driving a simple matrix liquid crystal according to claim 4, wherein the addition is performed. 6. The pulse width modulation gray scale method according to claim 1, wherein ON positions based on the gray scale data are dispersed in a selection period for selecting the row electrodes. A method for driving a simple matrix liquid crystal described in. 7. In a selection period for selecting the row electrode,
7. The simple matrix liquid crystal driving method according to claim 6, wherein the ON positions based on the gradation data are dispersed into two. 8. The simple matrix liquid crystal according to claim 1, wherein in the frame rate control gradation method, a frame rate control fixed area for stopping the frame rate control is arbitrarily designated. Driving method. 9. The simple matrix liquid crystal according to claim 8, wherein in the frame rate control fixed area, the frame rate control section is fixed to the most significant bit of the lower bits of the gradation data. Driving method. 10. A liquid crystal driving device for driving a super twisted nematic liquid crystal by the method for driving a simple matrix liquid crystal according to claim 1.