JP2003279165A - Solar radiation concentrating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar radiation concentrating device materializing high concentrating ration in a wide range of incident angles of incident light. <P>SOLUTION: The solar radiation concentrating device including a base body 10 to rotate in a installation plane with corresponding to a direction of solar radiation, a plurality of rotating shaft supply members 30 defining a plurality of rotating shafts arranged in parallel with a plurality of reflection mirror connecting body 112, 120 and 130, a motion body 40 rotating a plurality of the reflection mirror around the each rotation shaft, a cam mechanism including a plurality of cams 210, 220 and 230 controlling shapes of a plurality of reflection mirror connecting body is provided. Each reflection mirror connecting body includes a plurality of reflection mirrors connected in such a manner of expanding along a longitudinal direction via rotational joints. Consequently, an end part of the reflection mirror connecting body becomes a free end. The cam mechanism operates together with the rotational movement mechanism to change a position of the free end of each reflection mirror connection body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a solar heating system, a solar heating cooker, a solar furnace, a solar power generation system, a distillation apparatus,
The present invention relates to a solar radiation concentrating device and a solar radiation concentrating method used for a solar lighting device, a chemical reaction system, or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a background art utilizing the energy of solar radiation, there are, for example, a solar power generation system, a solar heat system, a solar furnace, a distillation apparatus such as a desalination system, a chemical reaction system, and a solar lighting system.

The energy density of solar radiation is about 1 kW / m
² , but when operating these energy systems at high energy densities, solar radiation is collected. As a condensing element for concentrating solar radiation, there are, for example, a Fresnel lens and a parabolic mirror.

When the solar radiation is concentrated on the solar energy conversion device by using a condensing optical system equipped with such a condensing element, generally, the incident direction of the solar radiation is set to the optical axis of the condensing optical system. Is important in obtaining a high light collection ratio. That is, in the solar energy system equipped with a tracking mechanism that rotates the light-collecting element according to the change of the incident direction of the solar radiation and makes the solar energy conversion device coincide with the focus of the light-collecting element, the high concentration of the solar energy system is high. Solar radiation is used in proportion.

In order to operate such a solar energy system for a long period of time, durability against strong winds and the like is required. When the height of the light collecting element is increased, the adverse effect of wind pressure is significantly increased. Therefore, when the light converging element that extends to a high altitude is used, the cost for maintaining the mechanical strength of the light condensing element and the tracking mechanism increases. For this reason, there is a certain limit to the use of a large-sized light-collecting element.

Furthermore, when irradiating a fixed region with solar radiation using a plane mirror, there is a problem associated with the increase in size of a similar tracking mechanism.

As another background art, an energy system called a heliostat is known. This heliostat has a plurality of plane reflecting mirrors and a plurality of tracking devices that drive the plurality of plane reflecting mirrors. The solar radiation reflected by the plurality of plane reflecting mirrors is concentrated and applied to a fixed irradiation area. A heliostat that collects solar radiation with a high concentration ratio is equipped with a large number of highly accurate tracking devices. However, in this case, the cost of the tracking mechanism is high, and its reduction is required. Furthermore, when using a large-sized plane reflecting mirror, there is a problem associated with the adverse effect of the wind pressure described above or an increase in the size of the tracking mechanism.

As still another background art made from such a point of view, a large number of small reflecting mirrors each rotatable about a specific axis, a control body, and a common connecting each small reflecting mirror with the control body. The solar light concentrator having the above link is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 51-27347. By moving the control body, each small reflecting mirror rotates at the angle of the same amount of change. When the control body is at a specific position, each small reflecting mirror has an angle for reflecting and collecting parallel rays having a specific incident angle to a specific collecting position. By controlling the position of the control body in response to the change in the incident angle of the parallel incident light rays, the solar light concentrating device is designed to concentrate the reflected light of each small reflecting mirror at the converging position. ing.

However, when the whole of the plurality of reflecting mirrors is considered as a condensing optical system for converging the solar radiation at a predetermined focus, the condensing optical system increases the amount of change of the incident angle of incident light and condenses the solar radiation. There was a problem that the ratio was significantly impaired. The Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 51-27347 does not mention such a decrease in the light collection ratio, and does not disclose any teaching to overcome it.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to novelly drive a plurality of reflecting mirrors simultaneously, which realizes a high light-collecting ratio for a wide range of incident angles of incident light. Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar radiation concentration device and a solar radiation concentration method.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel solar radiation concentrating device and a solar radiation concentrating method which utilize solar energy with a high concentration ratio.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel solar radiation concentrating device and a solar radiation concentrating method with high collection efficiency of solar radiation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel solar radiation concentrating device and a solar radiation concentrating method at low cost.

Yet another object of the present invention is to improve the durability of the solar energy system against the external environment such as wind in the solar radiation concentrator.

[0015]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar radiation concentrating device comprising: a base body which is rotated in an installation plane in response to a change in the direction of solar radiation; , A plurality of rotation axis providing members that define a plurality of rotation axes arranged in parallel with each other on the base body, and a plurality of reflecting mirror coupling bodies around the plurality of rotation axes for tracking solar radiation. It has a rotating mechanism for rotating and a cam mechanism for controlling the shapes of the plurality of reflecting mirror connected bodies. Each of the reflecting mirror connecting bodies has a plurality of reflecting mirrors connected to each other so as to extend along the longitudinal direction through one or more pivot joints. As a result, a structure is realized in which at least one end of the connected mirror assembly is a free end. The cam mechanism cooperates with the rotating mechanism and has a predetermined shape for changing the positions of the free ends of the reflecting mirror coupling bodies so that the positions of the free ends are suitable for the concentration of solar radiation. Has a cam.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar radiation concentrating device which rotates a base body, a reflecting mirror coupling body, and the reflecting mirror coupling body which are rotated in an installation plane in response to a change in direction of solar radiation. A rotation axis providing member that defines a rotation axis for moving, a rotation mechanism for rotating the reflecting mirror connected body around the rotation axis for tracking solar radiation, and a reflecting mirror connected body. And a control mechanism for controlling the shape. The reflecting mirror coupling body has a plurality of reflecting mirrors connected to each other so as to extend along the longitudinal direction through one or more pivot joints. As a result, a structure is realized in which at least one end of the connected mirror assembly is a free end. The control mechanism cooperates with the rotating mechanism to form a predetermined shape for changing the position of the free end of the reflector concatenation so that the position of the free end is suitable for the concentration of solar radiation. Having members having.

[0017]

The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to describe the present invention in more detail. Like reference numerals refer to like or corresponding parts throughout the several views.

A solar radiation concentrator according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1-8. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a solar radiation concentrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, the solar radiation concentrating device includes a base body 10, a first reflecting mirror connecting body 110, a second reflecting mirror connecting body 120, a third reflecting mirror connecting body 130, and a plurality of rotation axis providing members. 30, the moving body 40, and the first pair of cams 21.
0, a second pair of cams 220, and a third pair of cams 2
Have 30.

The substrate 10 is rotated in the installation plane in response to the change in the direction of solar radiation. The three arrows XYZ illustrated in FIG. 1 represent an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system that is a moving coordinate system that moves together with the base body 10. This XYZ coordinate system is used for ease of the following description. The substrate 10 rotates so that solar radiation is incident along the X axis. That is, in the XYZ coordinate system, the Y component of the vector parallel to the incident solar radiation is always zero. On the base body 10, the first reflecting mirror connecting body 110, the second reflecting mirror connecting body 120, the third reflecting mirror connecting body 130, and the plurality of rotation axis providing members 3 are provided.
0, the moving body 40, the first pair of cams 210, the second
The pair of cams 220 and the third pair of cams 230 are mounted.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the first reflecting mirror connected body 110. In FIG. 2, the first reflecting mirror coupling body 110 is mounted on the main substrate 112, the reflecting surface 112R mounted on the main substrate 112, the pair of side substrates 114, and the pair of side substrates 114, respectively. A pair of reflective surfaces 114
R, and a pair of swivel joints 118 respectively provided at the connecting portions of the pair of side boards 114 and the main board 112. Both ends 110R and 1 of the first reflecting mirror coupling body 110
10L is a free end capable of rotating around the swing joint 118.

The main substrate 112 is a pair of rotary shaft providing members 3.
Connected to 0. The pair of rotary shaft providing members 30 are firmly connected to the base body 10. As a result, the main substrate 1
12 is rotatable about a straight line passing through the pair of rotation axis providing members 30. That is, it can rotate around a straight line parallel to the Y axis. When the main board 112 rotates, the pair of pivot joints 118 and the pair of side boards 114 also rotate around the Y axis.

The reflecting surface 112R has a structure in which a plurality of square flat plate reflecting surfaces are arranged along a parabolic surface. Each reflecting surface 114R also has a structure in which a plurality of square flat plate reflecting surfaces are arranged along a parabolic surface. The reflecting surface 112R
And each of the reflecting surfaces 114R has a focal length required for collecting the solar radiation in a predetermined collecting area.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a cross section of the solar radiation concentrator. The pair of cams 210 slidably contact the pair of side substrates 114 by utilizing gravity or other force. That is, each substrate 114
Are supported by the cam 210. The pair of cams 210
Defines the orientation of the pair of side substrates, ie, the angle B between the side substrate 114 and the main substrate 112.

Instead of the reflective surface illustrated in FIG. 2, a reflective surface of the shape illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 may be used. 4 and 5, a parabolic surface as the reflecting surface 112R is drawn on the main substrate 112. The arrow P represents a vector parallel to the incident light incident along the optical axis of the paraboloid.
Moreover, a plurality of arrows indicate the traveling direction of the light reflected by the paraboloid. The light reflected by this parabolic surface travels toward the condensing region 900. In FIGS. 4 and 5, for ease of illustration, the Z-direction of the paraboloid is enlarged.

In FIG. 1, the moving body 40 is the base body 10.
Move up parallel to the X axis. The main substrate 112 directly contacts the moving body 40. With the movement of the moving body 40, the main substrate 112 is rotated around a straight line passing through the pair of rotation shaft providing members 30. The position of the moving body 40 is controlled so that the solar radiation reflected by the reflecting surface of the main substrate 112 is concentrated in a predetermined light collecting region.

The second reflecting mirror coupling body 120 and the third reflecting mirror coupling body 130 have the same structures as the first reflecting mirror coupling body 110, respectively. That is, the second reflecting mirror coupling body 120 has a main substrate 122 and a pair of side substrates 124, and the third reflecting mirror coupling body 130 has a main substrate 132 and a pair of side substrates 134. Furthermore, an angle adjusting member 129 is provided between the main substrate 122 of the second reflecting mirror coupling body 120 and the moving body 40. Further, an angle adjusting member 139 is arranged between the main substrate 132 of the third reflector assembly 130 and the moving body 40.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a cross section of the solar radiation concentrator. In FIG. 6, the moving member 40 is a base 1
It moves on 0 in the direction parallel to the X axis. The moving body 40 contacts the main substrate 112 by using gravity or other force. As a result, the main substrate 112 is supported by the moving body 40. When the moving body 40 moves, the main substrate 112 is rotated around a rotation axis passing through the pair of rotation axis providing members.

An angle adjusting member 129 is provided below the main substrate 122 of the second reflector assembly. The bottom surface of the angle adjusting member 129 is driven so that it is always parallel to the bottom surface of the main substrate 112. The angle between the main board 112 and the main board 122 is always maintained at a predetermined value by the angle adjusting member 129.

An angle adjusting member 139 is provided below the main substrate 132 of the third reflector assembly. The bottom surface of the angle adjusting member 139 is driven so that it is always parallel to the bottom surface of the main substrate 112. The angle between the main board 112 and the main board 132 is always maintained at a predetermined value by the angle adjusting member 139.

As a result, the main substrate 112 of the first reflecting mirror coupling body 110, the main substrate 122 of the second reflecting mirror coupling body 120, and the main substrate 132 of the third reflecting mirror coupling body 130.
And are driven in a lump with an equal angle change amount. For this reason,
The solar radiation reflected by the respective reflecting surfaces of the main substrates 112, 122, 132 goes to a predetermined condensing position 900. The condensing position 900 and the main substrate of each reflecting mirror coupling body have a portion where the Y coordinate is zero. The light collecting position 900 is located above the main substrate 122. The focal point 900 represents the vector parallel to the incident solar radiation with the arrow S in FIG. Also, the plurality of arrows represent the traveling direction of the reflected solar radiation. If the direction of solar radiation changes,
By moving the moving body, the main substrate 112 of the first reflecting mirror connecting body 110 and the second reflecting mirror connecting body 120 are connected.
Since the main substrate 122 and the main substrate 132 of the third reflecting mirror coupling body 130 change their directions by an equal angle change amount, such a condensed state is maintained.

FIG. 7 is a view illustrating the front of the solar radiation concentrator in the state illustrated in FIGS. 1, 3, and 6. As described above, the cam 210 is provided on the side substrate 1 so that the angle between the side substrate 114 of the first reflector assembly 110 and the main substrate 112 has a value suitable for concentration of solar radiation.
Support 14. Similarly, the cam 220 supports the side substrate 124 such that the angle between the side substrate 124 of the second reflector assembly 120 and the main substrate 122 is a value suitable for concentration of solar radiation. Further, the cam 230 supports the side substrate 134 so that the angle between the side substrate 134 of the third reflector assembly 130 and the main substrate 132 has a value suitable for concentration of solar radiation. In concentrating solar radiation, the angle between the side substrate 124 and the main substrate 122 is generally different from the angle between the side substrate 114 and the main substrate 112. Further, the angle between the side substrate 134 and the main substrate 132 is different than the angle between the side substrate 114 and the main substrate 112.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the front of the solar radiation concentrator when the direction of incident solar radiation changes from the state illustrated in FIG. The moving body 40 is moving in the direction in which the X coordinate decreases. As a result, the directions of the plurality of reflecting mirror coupling bodies 110, 120, and 130 are changed all at once.

The side substrate 1 in the state illustrated in FIG.
The angle between 14 and the main substrate 112 has a value larger than the angle between the side substrate 114 and the main substrate 112 in the state illustrated in FIG.

The side substrate 1 in the state illustrated in FIG.
The angle between 24 and the main substrate 122 has a value larger than the angle between the side substrate 124 and the main substrate 122 in the state illustrated in FIG. The second reflecting mirror coupling body 12
The increase amount of the angle between the side substrate 124 and the main substrate 122 at 0 is smaller than the increase amount of the angle between the side substrate 114 and the main substrate 112 in the first reflecting mirror coupling body 110. .

The side substrate 1 in the state illustrated in FIG.
The angle between 34 and the main substrate 132 is substantially equal to the angle between the side substrate 134 and the main substrate 132 in the state illustrated in FIG.

The shape of each cam is determined in consideration of these matters. That is, by changing the shapes of the plurality of cams, it becomes possible to change the angle of the side substrate of each reflecting mirror connected body independently and continuously. This allows for a wide range of solar radiation angles of incidence,
A high light collection ratio is realized. That is, the control mechanism having such a cam cooperates with the rotating mechanism having the above-mentioned moving body,
The positions of the free ends of the respective reflecting mirror links are changed so that the positions of the free ends are suitable for the concentration of solar radiation.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a solar radiation concentrating device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 9, the solar radiation concentrating device includes a base body 10, a first reflecting mirror connecting body 110, a second reflecting mirror connecting body 120, a third reflecting mirror connecting body 130, and a plurality of rotation axis providing members. It has 30 and a moving body 40.

FIG. 10 is a view illustrating the first reflector coupling body 110. The first reflecting mirror assembly 110 has a main substrate 112 and a pair of side substrates 114. The pair of side substrates 114 are connected to both ends of the main substrate 112, respectively. A swivel joint 118 is provided between each side board 114 and the main board 112. With the bottom surfaces of the main substrate 112 and the pair of side substrates 114 parallel to each other, the reflection surface 1
12, 114R have an optical characteristic of concentrating the solar radiation incident on the bottom surface at a predetermined angle on one point. However, when the solar radiation is incident in a state where the angle is largely changed from the predetermined angle, the focusing ratio is greatly reduced due to the aberration of the reflecting mirror. In this case, by rotating the side board 114 around the swing joint 118, the side board 11 is rotated.
The angle between 4 and the main substrate can be set to a value suitable for light collection. This suppresses the reduction of the light collection ratio.

FIG. 11 is a view illustrating the bottom portion of the side substrate 114 of the first reflecting mirror coupling body 110. A side substrate tilting member 214 is provided on the bottom portion. This side substrate tilting member 2
14 contacts the moving body 40 in a region where the aberration is large. This allows the side substrate 114 to be in a non-parallel state with the main substrate 112. The side substrate tilting member 21
The shape of No. 4 is determined so that such aberration is minimized.

FIG. 12 is a view showing the bottom of the side substrate 124 of the second reflecting mirror coupling body 120. An angle adjusting member 129 is provided on the bottom. This angle adjusting member operates in the same manner as the angle adjusting member described above. Further, a side substrate tilting member 224 is provided. This side substrate tilting member 224
The shape is different from that of the side substrate tilting member 214 provided in the first reflecting mirror coupling body 110.

FIG. 13 is a view showing the bottom of the side substrate 134 of the third reflector assembly 130. An angle adjusting member 139 is provided on the bottom portion. The third reflector assembly 1
Since the aberration of focusing by 30 is relatively small, the side substrate tilting member is not provided.

FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram showing the condensing by the solar radiation concentrating device. The solar radiation is concentrated towards the fixed light collecting area 900.

FIG. 15 is a front view of a solar radiation concentrator according to another embodiment of the present invention. The solar radiation concentrator has a plurality of elastic strings 740 in addition to the solar radiation concentrator illustrated in FIG. 7. Each elastic string 740 presses the side substrate against the cam with a predetermined force. This prevents the side substrate from separating due to an external force such as wind.

FIG. 16 is a front view of a solar radiation concentrator according to another embodiment of the present invention. The solar radiation concentrator has a plurality of elastic strings 740 in addition to the solar radiation concentrator illustrated in FIG. 7. Each elastic string 740 connects the main substrate 112 and the base body 10. This prevents the main substrate 112 from being loosened by an external force such as wind.

In the above, the solar radiation concentrator according to the invention has been described in detail. In addition, auxiliary means for suitably operating the solar radiation concentrating device and the solar radiation concentrating method according to the present invention, for example, a Fresnel concave lens for converting a converged light beam reflected by the solar radiation concentrating device into a parallel light beam, Spectroscopic element, reflected light quantity adjusting means, heat storage device, heat transfer member, heat insulating member, temperature adjusting means, optical power meter, adjusting means for adjusting the light collection ratio, reflected light from the light collection area reaches the external area. The present invention may be implemented with a light-shielding side wall, an information storage medium, an arithmetic processor, and / or an encoder for position data of a moving member, etc., which prevents the movement.

Furthermore, the structures described above may be implemented with various changes. For example, the side substrate 114
In addition, another side board may be connected via a pivot joint. In this case, a cam having a predetermined shape is added.
Further, a rod for driving the main substrate or the side substrate and a guide member for guiding the rod on a predetermined track may be provided.

That is, the present invention disclosed herein provides a novel solar radiation concentrating device, but in view of the teaching disclosed in the above detailed description, the practice of the present invention is the best mode of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments made for explaining the above, and may be implemented in other forms with various changes within the scope of the claims below, or may be the best of the above-mentioned embodiments. It may be implemented without additional forms or components added to describe one embodiment.

[0049]

As described above, the present invention provides a solar radiation concentrating device having a high condensing ratio over a wide range of incident angles of solar radiation. Further, by the solar radiation concentrating device and the solar radiation concentrating method according to the present invention, a solar irradiation device, a solar power generation system, a solar thermal system, a distillation device, a heat engine, a solar thermal power generation system, a solar heat closed channel gas turbine power generation system, solar light. A new solar energy system with lighting system, solar furnace, etc. is realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a solar radiation concentrating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a first reflecting mirror assembly.

3 is a diagram illustrating a cross section of the solar radiation concentrator illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a reflecting surface.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a reflecting surface illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a cross section of the solar radiation concentrator illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the front of the solar radiation concentrator in the state illustrated in FIGS. 1, 3, and 6;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the front of the solar radiation concentrator when the direction of incident solar radiation changes from the state illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a solar radiation concentrator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a first reflecting mirror assembly.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the bottom portion of the side substrate of the first reflecting mirror assembly.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a bottom portion of a side substrate of a second reflecting mirror assembly.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the bottom portion of the side substrate of the third reflecting mirror assembly.

FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating focusing by a solar radiation concentrator.

FIG. 15 is a view illustrating a front surface of a solar radiation concentrating device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a front surface of a solar radiation concentrating device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Base 30 Rotating shaft providing member 40 moving body 110 First reflector assembly 120 Second reflector assembly 130 Third reflector assembly 210 First Cam 220 second cam 230 Third Cam

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A base body which is rotated in the installation plane in response to a change in the direction of solar radiation, a plurality of reflecting mirror coupling bodies, and a plurality of rotation axes which are arranged parallel to each other on the base body. A plurality of rotating shaft providing members, a rotating mechanism for rotating the plurality of reflecting mirror connecting bodies around the plurality of rotating shafts for tracking solar radiation, and the plurality of reflecting mirror connecting bodies. And a cam mechanism for controlling the shape of each of the reflecting mirrors, each reflecting mirror connecting body having a plurality of reflecting mirrors connected so as to extend along the longitudinal direction through one or more pivot joints. The mirror connecting body has a structure in which at least one end is a free end, and the cam mechanism cooperates with the rotating mechanism so that the position of the free end of each reflecting mirror connecting body is focused on the concentration of solar radiation. To change the position of the free end to a suitable position Solar radiation concentrators, characterized in that it has a cam having a predetermined shape. 2. A base body that is rotated in the installation surface in response to a change in the direction of solar radiation, a reflector mirror connection body, and a rotation shaft that defines a rotation axis for rotating the reflection mirror connection body. A providing member, a rotating mechanism for rotating the reflecting mirror connected body around the rotation axis for tracking solar radiation, and a control mechanism for controlling the shape of the reflecting mirror connected body, At least one end portion of the reflecting mirror connecting body becomes a free end by having the plurality of reflecting mirrors connected to each other so as to extend along the longitudinal direction through one or a plurality of pivot joints. In order to change the position of the free end so that the position of the free end of the reflector assembly is in a position suitable for concentration of solar radiation, the control mechanism cooperates with the rotating mechanism. 1. A solar radiation concentrating device, comprising: a member having a predetermined shape.