JP2003277212A - Multiple microorganism material for control of plant disease and method using it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve fixability of the microorganism antagonizing pathogenic microorganisms of soil-borne diseases to rhizosphere of plants and to improve the effect of antagonistic microorganism. <P>SOLUTION: Combined use of actinomycetes antagonistic to soil-borne diseases caused by microorganisms and a gum producing microorganism improves fixability of the actinomycetes and their produced antibiotics to rhizosphere of plants and enables stable control of plant diseases, particularly soil- borne diseases. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a composite microbial material for controlling plant diseases, particularly soil diseases, which produces actinomycetes and viscous substances having an antagonistic activity against the causative microorganisms of soil diseases. Or a composite microbial material characterized by containing a culture thereof. The present invention also provides a method for controlling plant diseases using the material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Controlling plant diseases, especially soil diseases, is an essential matter for agricultural production and greening activities.
However, controlling soil diseases is very difficult.
Major soil diseases include Fusarium, Verticillium, Pitium, Rhizoctonia, Alternaria, Phytophthora, Corotecilium, Locerinia, Helicobacteriaceae, Peronospora, and Pseudomonas. , Diseases caused by microorganisms such as bacteria of the genus Rhizopus and Xanthomonas. Generally, as a method of controlling these diseases, a method of fumigating the soil with a fungicide such as methyl bromide is adopted. However, spraying a fungicide onto soil poses a problem because it has a large impact on the environment, such as polluting the surrounding soil and water.

Therefore, as one of the methods for controlling plant diseases with a low environmental load, attempts have been made to control soil diseases by selecting microorganisms that antagonize the causative microorganisms of soil diseases and applying them to the soil. . For example, for Verticillium disease, Marois [Plant Disease Vo
l.66, p.1166-1168, 1982].
Furthermore, the control of verticillium disease using actinomycetes of the genus Streptomyces has been carried out by Kusakari [Kansai Disease Research Report, Volume 32, p.17-20, 1990]. Also, Patent Publication H5-26462 describes Streptomyces gomi.
The shimensis CD-3 strain is described as an effective strain against Verticillium microorganisms.

However, most of these fungi produce antibiotics on the plate and exhibit antagonistic properties, but they cannot produce antibiotics in soil and cannot exhibit antagonistic properties, or colonize in the rhizosphere of plants. Since the antibiotics that could not be produced were not present in the rhizosphere, there was a problem that the effect of controlling plant diseases did not appear.

The present inventors have established a method for controlling soil diseases of plants, particularly soil diseases caused by microorganisms of the genus Verticillium, by protecting the rhizosphere of the plant by colonizing the root surface of the plant and growing in the rhizosphere. , Streptomyces OG-0
12 strains (FERM P-16493) and OG-013 strains
(FERM P-16494) was selected and applied for a patent (Japanese Patent Application No. 9-323686). Actinomycetes such as the OG-012 strain and the OG-013 strain, which are excellent in root-root colonization and rhizosphere-proliferative properties, as well as antagonistic activity against microorganisms causing soil diseases, are extremely rare.

[0006]

However, in order to enhance the effect of the microorganism that antagonizes the causative microorganism of soil disease, it is necessary to further enhance the fixing ability of the antagonistic microorganism to the plant rhizosphere.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made various studies to solve the above problems. As a result, the present inventors have combined the actinomycetes and the microorganisms that produce viscous substances with antagonistic activity against the causative microorganisms of soil diseases to obtain plant roots of the actinomycetes and the antibiotics that are their products. It has been found that the colonization of the area is enhanced and stable control of plant diseases, especially soil diseases, becomes possible.

That is, the present invention is a composite microbial material for controlling plant diseases, wherein actinomycetes which have antagonistic properties against microorganisms causing soil diseases and microorganisms which produce viscous substances are used in combination. To provide a composite microbial material.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actinomycete having antagonistic activity against the microorganism causing the soil disease is at least 1 selected from the group consisting of microorganisms belonging to the genus Streptomyces, the genus Spolikitaya and the genus Streptoverticillium. There are two microorganisms.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the viscous substance-producing microorganisms are Dugeneria spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacillus spp., Xanthomonas spp., Azotobacter spp., Zummonas spp., Rhodococcus spp., Alcalzenes spp., Pseudomonas spp. It is at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of microorganisms belonging to the genus Acetobacter.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the complex microbial material comprises actinomycetes having antagonistic activity against the above-mentioned causative microorganisms of soil diseases and the above-mentioned viscous substance-producing microorganisms or cultures thereof. It is obtained by incorporating it in a carrier.

The present invention also provides that the composite microbial material of the present invention is coated on or mixed with plant seeds and then sown, or sowing cultivating soil, seedling cultivating soil, cutting cultivating soil or the entire field is mixed. The present invention provides a method for controlling plant diseases, which comprises cultivating a plant by using

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An actinomycete having an antagonistic activity against a microorganism causing a soil disease used in the present invention is a microorganism causing a plant soil disease, Fusarium genus, Verticillium genus, Pitium. (Phytium)
Genus, Rhizoctonia, Altanaria
rnaria) genus, Phytophthora genus, Corticilium (Corticilium) genus, Roselinia (Rosellinia) genus,
Fungi of the genus Helicobasidium, genus Peronospora, and Pseudomonas (Pseudo)
monas, Rhizopus, Xanthomonas
Any species of microorganism can be used as long as it produces an antibiotic that suppresses the growth of at least one microorganism such as a bacterium of the genus Thomonas.

Preferably, these actinomycetes are of the genus Streptomyces, Sporrichthya.
Genus and Streptoverticilium
lium) selected from the group consisting of microorganisms belonging to the genus Lium. More preferably, Streptomyces belonging to the genus Streptomyces
albogriseolus, Streptomyces albulus, Streptomyces
antibioticus, Streptomyces antifibrinolyticus, St
reptomyces aureofaciens, Streptomyces avermitili,
Streptomyces cellulosae, Streptomyces chartreusis
i, Streptomyces coeruleorubidus, Streptomyces dias
tatochromogenes, Streptomyces flocculus, Streptomy
ces fradiae, Streptomyces fungicidicus, Streptomyc
es galilaeus, Streptomyces griseus, Streptomyces h
ygroscopicus, Streptomyces kanamyceticus, Streptom
yces lavendulae, Streptomyces lividans, Streptomyc
es olivaceus, Streptomyces olivochromogenus, Strep
tomyces peusetius, Streptomyces phaeochromogenes,
Streptomyces purpurascens, Streptomyces rimosus, S
treptomyces tendae, Streptomyces venezuelae, Strep
tomyces verticillatus, Streptomyces verticillium,
Streptomyces violaceoruber, Streptomyces viridospo
rus or Streptoverticillium abikoense, Streptoverticilli belonging to the genus Streptoverticillium
um baldaccii, Streptoverticillium cinnamoneum, Str
selected from the group consisting of eptoverticillium griseocarneum.

More preferably, these actinomycetes are selected from the group consisting of microorganisms belonging to the genus Streptomyces,
Most preferably, Streptomyces OG-012 strain (FE
RMP-16493) and OG-013 strain (FERM P-
16494). The Streptomyces OG-012 and OG-013 strains have been deposited at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology on October 28, 1997. The above microorganisms may be used alone,
Further, a plurality of microorganisms belonging to the same genus or different genera may be combined and used.

The viscous substance-producing microorganisms used in the present invention are, as viscous substances, saccharides such as monosaccharides (galactose, glucose, rhamnose, mannose, glucuronic acid, etc.) and polysaccharides (pentaran, glomerellan, gellan, levan, etc.). Any species of microorganism can be used as long as it is a microorganism that produces a polyamino acid such as polyglutamic acid. Preferably, the viscous substance-producing microorganism is Duganelia, Lactbaccillus.
Genus, genus Bacillus, Xanthomon
as), Azotobacter, Zomomonas (Z
genus momonas, genus Rhodococcus, genus Alcaligenes, Pseudomonas
Genus, selected from the group consisting of microorganisms belonging to the genus Acetobacter. Specifically, as microorganisms that produce viscous substances, Duganelia zooloeoides, Lactbaccill
us lactis, Bacillus circulans, Xanthomonas campest
ris, Azotobacter vinelndi, Zmomonas mobilis, Rhodo
coccus erythropolis, Alcaligenes latus, Pseudomona
saeruginosa, Acetobacter xyliu and the like.
These microorganisms may be used alone, or a plurality of microorganisms belonging to the same genus or different genera may be used in combination.

The composite microbial material of the present invention is usually produced by supporting a microorganism on a carrier. As a carrier used for such a purpose, charcoal, activated carbon, pumice stone, vermiculite, shell fossil, rice bran, coffee grounds, gypsum, peat moss, (calcined) diatomaceous earth, zeolite, perlite,
Examples include bentonite, Otani stone, limestone, vermiculite and the like. Among these, porous materials such as charcoal, pumice, vermiculite, shell fossil, peat moss, (calcined) diatomaceous earth, zeolite, perlite, bentonite and vermiculite are preferable, and charcoal, activated carbon and (calcined) diatomaceous earth are particularly preferable. The charcoal may be charcoal of wood, or charcoal of bark, sawdust, coconut shell, bark, fir shell, etc., and powdered form is preferable.

The composite microbial material of the present invention may be prepared by individually culturing and formulating actinomycetes which have antagonistic properties against microorganisms causing soil diseases and microorganisms producing viscous substances, and then mixing and compositing. In addition, actinomycetes that have antagonistic properties against the causative microorganisms of soil diseases and microorganisms that produce viscous substances may be simultaneously cultured and formulated.

The microorganisms producing actinomycetes and viscous substances used in the composite microbial material of the present invention are sucrose / nitrate medium.
(Sucrose 30 g, NaNO ₃ 2 g, K ₂ PO ₄ 1 g, Mg
_{SO 4 · 7H 2 O 0.5g,} KCl 0.5g, FeSO 4 · 7
H ₂ O (0.01 g dissolved in 1000 ml of water), glucose / asparagine medium (dextrose 10 g, asparagine 0.5 g, K ₂ HPO ₄ 0.5 g dissolved in 1000 ml of water), glycerin / asparagine medium (glycerin) It can be cultured using a liquid medium such as 10 g, 1 g of asparagine, and 1 g of K ₂ HPO ₄ dissolved in 1000 ml of water).

The pH of the liquid medium, the number of days of culture, the culture temperature, the rotation speed of the rotary culture, etc. are adjusted to the optimum one for the strain to be cultured. When the actinomycetes and the microorganism that produces a viscous substance are co-cultured, it is advisable to match the optimum conditions of the actinomycetes used. For example, when the Streptomyces OG-012 strain is used, the pH of the medium is 6.0 to 6.8, the number of days of culture is 3 to 7 days, the culture temperature is 37 to 39 ° C, and the rotation speed of rotary culture is 150 to 450 rpm. Adjust to.

The composite microbial material of the present invention comprises the above carrier,
In particular, it can be produced by sterilizing charcoal, activated charcoal or (calcined) diatomaceous earth, and adding to it the microorganisms producing actinomycetes and / or viscous substances which have been liquid-cultured as described above together with the medium components and mixing. It is preferable to add 100 to 500 ml of the culture medium to 1 L of the carrier. This mixture is allowed to stand under optimal conditions of the strain to be cultured, stirred 1 to 5 times a day, and solid-cultured while avoiding anaerobic culture. When the actinomycetes and the microorganism that produces a viscous substance are co-cultured, it is advisable to match the optimum conditions of the actinomycetes used. For example, Streptomyces genus O
When the G-012 strain is used, the number of culture days is adjusted to 3 to 10 days, and the culture temperature is adjusted to 37 to 39 ° C. After completion of solid culture,
The composite microbial material of the present invention is obtained by drying by ventilation drying or the like.

The composite microbial material of the present invention contains 10 ³ to 10 ¹⁵ cfu of actinomycetes (colony forming unit) per 1 g of the carrier.
It is preferable to contain 10 ⁴ to 10 ¹⁰ cfu of actinomycetes per 1 g of the carrier. In addition, the amount of microorganisms that produce viscous substances cannot be unconditionally defined because the amount varies depending on the type of microorganism,
It is preferable that 10 ² to 10 ²⁰ cfu of microorganisms are contained per 1 g of the carrier, and further, 10 ⁵ to 10 ¹⁰ cfu of microorganisms are contained per 1 g of the carrier.

The composite microbial material of the present invention is coated on or mixed with plant seeds, and then sown, or
The soil for seeding, the soil for raising seedlings, the soil for cuttings, or the whole field can be mixed and used. The use amount of the composite microbial material of the present invention varies greatly depending on the concentration of microorganisms contained in the material and the application method thereof, but when coated or mixed with plant seeds, the use amount of the material per seed is: 1 × 10 ⁻⁸ g to 10 g, preferably 1 × 10 ⁻⁶ g
˜1 g, more preferably 1 × 10 ⁻³ g to 0.1 g may be used. When mixed and used for seeding soil, seedling soil or cutting soil, the amount of material used per 1 L of soil is 1 × 10 ⁻³ g to 1 kg, preferably 0.1 g to 500 g, and more preferably Is 10g-10
0 g may be used. Furthermore, when the mixture is used in the entire field, the amount of material used per field area 10a (R) is 1 kg to 10 t (ton), preferably 1
0 kg to 5 t, more preferably 100 kg to 1 t may be used.

In order to reliably establish the actinomycetes and the microorganisms producing viscous substances contained in the composite microbial material of the present invention in the rhizosphere and protect the plants from soil diseases, early plant growth, such as plugs, is necessary. It is desirable to apply the composite microbial material of the present invention at the time of sowing, raising seedlings, or cuttings (sprouting). This reduces the throughput and is economically advantageous.

[0025]

The composite microbial material of the present invention is a filamentous fungus of the genus Fusarium, genus Verticillium, genus Pitium, genus Rhizoctonia, genus Alternaria, genus Phytophthora, genus Corotecilium, genus Locerinia, genus Helicobasidium, genus Peronospora. And actinomycetes that suppress the growth of Pseudomonas, Rhizopus, and Xanthomonas bacteria and the antibiotics produced by them are established in the rhizosphere of plants by the action of viscous substances produced by the microorganisms used in combination. It has a feature. Therefore, by using the composite microbial material of the present invention, many plant soil diseases can be controlled stably and effectively.

Specific examples of plant soil diseases which can be controlled by the composite microbial material of the present invention include the following. That is, as Fusarium disease, cucumber vine cracking disease, melon vine cracking disease, radish chlorosis, bell pepper rot, strawberry chlorosis, spinach wilt disease, leek dry rot, eggplant half rot, lettuce root rot, tomato Wilt, lily stem rot, primrose wilt, carnation wilt, etc., and verticillium diseases include eggplant half body wilt, tomato half body wilt,
Green pepper wilt, cucumber half wilt, Japanese radish black spot, Chinese cabbage yellowing, strawberry half wilt, spinach wilt, brachial wilt widow, widow wilt wilt, okra half wilt, Chrysanthemum half body wilt, etc. are mentioned, Pitium diseases include spinach wilt disease, melon seedling wilt disease, snapdragon seedling wilt disease, and Rhizoctonia disease, spinach strain rot, tomato seedling wilt disease, carnation stem Rot, color rot rot, periwinkle seedling wilt, etc., and as the Alternaria disease,
Leek black spot, Japanese radish black spot, Chinese cabbage black spot, eggplant brown spot, spinach gray spot, carnation spot, lisianthus flower rot, etc., and phytophthora diseases include dice stem blight, broad bean blight ,
Taro plague, cucumber plague, cucumber gray plague, melon plague, watermelon brown rot, tomato brown rot, eggplant brown rot, bell pepper plague, strawberry root rot, onion white plague, etc.
Edamame white silk disease, broad bean white silk disease, sweet potato white silk disease,
Potato white scab, cucumber white scab, watermelon white scab, tomato white scab, eggplant white scab, pepper white scab, onion white scab, leek white scab, etc. White crest rot, potato white crest rot, citrus white crest rot, apple white crest rot, etc.Helicobacteriosis diseases include edamame purple crest rot, sweet potato purple crest rot, and green onion purple crest. Feather disease, asparagus purple crest feather disease,
Examples include citrus purple crotch rust, apple purple crest rot, and Peronospora diseases such as radish downy mildew, Chinese cabbage downy mildew, cabbage downy mildew, strawberry downy mildew, and green onion downy mildew.
Spinach downy mildew and the like, and Pseudomonas disease includes broad bean wilt, kidney bean wilt, potato wilt, lettuce rot, tomato wilt, eggplant wilt, pepper wilt, etc. The Rhizopus disease includes potato rot, lily rot, strawberry rot, and the like, and Xanthomonas disease includes alfalfa black rot, Japanese radish black rot, edamame black rot, melon brown spot bacterial disease, and carrot spots. Bacterial disease, citrus canker, stock black rot, gladiolus horn spot, etc. are mentioned.

[0027]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples. Example 1 Control effect against spinach wilt disease (Pitium disease) Streptomyces sp. WS182 strain having an antagonistic activity against Pythium microorganisms as an actinomycete [Patent Publication H6-566
Actinomycete strain described in 16; Green Tech Co., Ltd.
(Previously obtained from Environmental Greenery Development Center Co., Ltd.)]
As a microorganism that produces viscous substances using Pseudomonas
aeruginosa (available as ATCC No. 10145)
Was used to prepare a composite microbial material using diatomaceous earth (“Celite”: Showa Kagaku Co., Ltd.) as a carrier. Diatomaceous earth 1g
Streptomyces sp. WS182 strain has 1 cfu
0 ^8, as cfu of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is ¹⁰⁵ and these microorganisms is fixed to the carrier. As Comparative Example 1, using only Streptomyces sp. WS182 strain,
A microbial material using diatomaceous earth as a carrier was prepared. Cf of Streptomyces sp. WS182 strain per 1 g of diatomaceous earth
U was fixed so that it was 10 ⁸ as in Example 1.

The test for confirming the disease control effect of the materials of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was conducted as follows. 1L of soil used by using Metromix (made by Grace) as seeding soil
20 g of the composite microbial material of Example 1 or the microbial material of Comparative Example 1 was added and thoroughly mixed. Then, this mixed soil is packed in a plug tray (volume: 25 ml), and spinach (“Okame”: Sakata seedling) is sown,
Cultivation was carried out for 3 weeks. As a control, microbial materials were not added, and only Metromix was used as the soil for cultivation, and the same cultivation was performed. Cultivation conditions were such that the light period was 16 hours and 25 ° C., the dark period was 8 hours and 20 ° C., and the humidity was 70%.

The pathogenic cultivating soil was Pythium debaryanam, a causative agent of spinach wilt disease, which was previously cultivated in red ball soil in a PDB medium (potato dextrose broth; manufactured by DIFCO).
It was prepared by thoroughly mixing so that fu was 10 ⁵ .

This disease soil was filled in a 1/5000 aren magnel pot, and spinach seedlings cultivated in a plug tray were planted one by one. Twenty-five such pots were prepared for each section of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and the control, and cultivation was carried out for 6 weeks. Cultivation conditions are 16
The time was 25 ° C., the dark period was 8 hours and 20 ° C., and the humidity was 70%.

After the completion of cultivation, the symptom is 0: no disease occurs, 1: yellowing is observed in the lower leaves, 2: browning is observed in the lower leaves, 3: browning is observed in the upper leaves, 4: The withdrawal was evaluated by a 5-stage disease index. The average value of the disease index of 25 individuals in each group was defined as the disease severity, and the ratio of the number of individuals with disease symptoms of disease index 3 or more was defined as the disease incidence.

The degree of disease and the rate of disease in each section thus measured are shown in Table 1 below.

[Table 1] From these results, Streptomyces sp.
S182 strain and the combined use of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a viscous substance-producing microorganism prevent the occurrence of spinach wilt disease, and its effect is St
It was revealed that it is superior to the case of using the reptomyces sp. WS182 strain alone.

Example 2 Control effect against cucumber vine cracking disease (fusarium disease) Streptomyces OG-012 strain was used as actinomycete and Duganelia zooloe was used as a microorganism producing a viscous substance.
Oides (available as ATCC No. 33892) were used to prepare a composite microbial material using coconut husk as a carrier. These microorganisms were settled on a carrier so that the cfu of the OG-012 strain was 10 ⁸ and the cfu of Duganelia zooloeoides was 10 ⁹ per 1 g of coconut husk charcoal. Comparative example 2
As a sample, a microbial material using coconut husk charcoal as a carrier was prepared using only the Streptomyces OG-012 strain. The cfu of the OG-012 strain per 1 g of coconut husk charcoal was set to 10 ⁸ as in Example 2.

A test for confirming the disease control effect of the materials of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 was conducted as follows. 1L of soil used by using Metromix (made by Grace) as seeding soil
About 10 g of the composite microbial material of Example 2 or the microbial material of Comparative Example 2 was added thereto and thoroughly mixed. Next, this mixed soil was packed in a plug tray (volume: 25 ml), and cucumber (“northern”: Takii seedling) was sowed and cultivated for 3 weeks. As a control, microbial materials were not added, and only Metromix was used as the soil for cultivation, and the same cultivation was performed. Cultivation conditions are 16 hours for the light period at 25 ° C and 8 hours for the dark period 2
The temperature was 0 ° C. and the humidity was 70%.

The pathogenic cultivating soil was Fusarium oxyporum, a causative agent of cucumber vine cracking disease, which was previously cultivated in PDB medium (potato dextrose broth; manufactured by DIFCO) on red terrestrial soil.
It was prepared by thoroughly mixing so that fu was 10 ⁵ .

The disease soil was packed in a 1/5000 aren magnel pot and cucumber seedlings cultivated in a plug tray were planted one by one. 25 pots were prepared for each ward of Example 2, Comparative Example 2 and control, and cultivated for 6 weeks. Cultivation conditions were such that the light period was 16 hours and 25 ° C., the dark period was 8 hours and 20 ° C., and the humidity was 70%.

After the completion of cultivation, the symptom is 0: no disease occurs, 1: yellowing is observed in the lower leaf, 2: browning is observed in the lower leaf, 3: browning is observed in the upper leaf, 4: The withdrawal was evaluated by a 5-stage disease index. The average value of the disease index of 25 individuals in each group was defined as the disease severity, and the ratio of the number of individuals with disease symptoms of disease index 3 or more was defined as the disease incidence.

The degree of disease and the rate of disease in each section thus measured are shown in Table 2 below.

[Table 2] From these results, Streptomyces sp.
The use of G-012 strain and Duganelia zooloeoides as a viscous substance-producing microorganism prevents the occurrence of cucumber vine cracking disease, and its effect is superior to that of Streptomyces OG-012 strain used alone. It became clear.

Example 3 Controlling effect against Chinese cabbage yellowing disease (verticillium disease) As Example 3A, actinomycete Streptomyces OG-0
13 strains and a viscous substance-producing microorganism Bacillus
A circulans (available as ATCC No. 4513) was used to prepare a composite microbial material using calcined diatomaceous earth (“Isolite”: manufactured by Isolite Industry Co., Ltd.) as a carrier. 1 g of calcined diatomaceous earth has 1 cfu of OG-013 strain
At 0 ³ , these microorganisms were settled on a carrier so that the Bacillus circulans had a cfu of 10 ⁶ . As Example 3B, a composite microbial material using calcined diatomaceous earth as a carrier was prepared using actinomycete Streptomyces OG-013 strain and a viscous substance-producing microorganism Bacillus circulans. The cfu of the OG-013 strain was 10 ⁸ and the cfu of Bacillus circulans was 10 ⁶ per 1 g of the calcined diatomaceous earth.
These microorganisms were settled on the carrier. As Comparative Example 3A, a microbial material using calcined diatomaceous earth as a carrier was prepared using only Streptomyces OG-013 strain. The FU-013 strain was fixed so that the cfu of the OG-013 strain was 10 ³ per 1 g of the calcined diatomaceous earth. As Comparative Example 3B, a microbial material using calcined diatomaceous earth as a carrier was prepared using only Streptomyces OG-013 strain. Cf-013 strain cf per gram of calcined diatomaceous earth
It was fixed so that u was 10 ⁸ .

Examples 3A and 3B and Comparative Example 3A
The test for confirming the disease control effect by the materials of 3 and 3B was performed as follows. Metromix (manufactured by Grace) was used as the seeding soil, and 10 g of the composite microbial material of Example 3A or 3B or the microbial material of Comparative Example 3A or 3B was added to 1 L of the soil and thoroughly mixed. Next, this mixed soil was packed in a plug tray (volume: 25 ml), Chinese cabbage ("Yu-o"): Takii seedlings were sown and cultivated for 4 weeks. As a control, microbial materials were not added, and only Metromix was used as the soil for cultivation, and the same cultivation was performed. Cultivation conditions are 16 hours for the light period at 25 ° C and 8 hours for the dark period 2
The temperature was 0 ° C. and the humidity was 70%.

The pathogenic cultivating soil was Verticillium dahliae, a causative agent of Chinese cabbage yellowing disease, which was previously cultivated in PDB medium (potato dextrose broth; manufactured by DIFCO) on red tama soil.
It was prepared by thoroughly mixing so that u was 10 ⁵ .

This disease soil was packed in a 1/5000 aren magnell pot, and the Chinese cabbage seedlings cultivated in a plug tray were planted one by one. Example 3 of such a pot
25 pots were prepared for each of the sections A, 3B, Comparative Examples 3A, 3B, and the control, and cultivated for 6 weeks. Cultivation conditions were such that the light period was 16 hours and 25 ° C., the dark period was 8 hours and 20 ° C., and the humidity was 70%.

After the cultivation, the cultivated individuals are harvested at the edge,
Browning of the vascular bundle of the cross section is 0: not browning, browning less than 1: 1/3 is observed, browning less than 2: 1/3 or more than 2/3 is observed, 3: 2/3 or more Browning was observed, 4: withered, and the disease index was evaluated in 5 grades. The average value of the disease index of 25 individuals in each group was defined as the disease severity, and the ratio of the number of individuals in which browning of disease index 3 or more appeared was defined as the disease incidence.

Table 3 below shows the disease incidence and disease incidence of each section thus measured.

[Table 3] From these results, Streptomyces sp.
G-013 strain and Bacillus circulans as a viscous substance-producing microorganism are used to control the occurrence of Chinese cabbage yellowing disease, and its effect is superior to that of Streptomyces OG-013 strain used alone. It became clear. Furthermore, it was revealed that the control effect was more stable as the cfu of Streptomyces OG-013 strain was higher.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A composite microbial material for controlling plant diseases, wherein actinomycetes having antagonistic properties against microorganisms causing soil diseases and microorganisms producing viscous substances are used in combination. Materials. 2. The actinomycete having antagonistic activity against a microorganism causing a soil disease is at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of microorganisms belonging to the genus Streptomyces, the genus Spolikitaya and the genus Streptoverticillium. 1. The composite microbial material according to 1. 3. A viscous substance-producing microorganism comprises a microorganism belonging to the genera Duganelia, Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Xanthomonas, Azotobacter, Zummonas, Rhodococcus, Alcalizenes, Pseudomonas and Acetobacter. The composite microbial material according to claim 1 or 2, which is at least one microorganism selected from the group. 4. An actinomycete having antagonistic activity against a microorganism causing a soil disease according to claim 2 and a microorganism producing a viscous substance according to claim 3, or a culture thereof.
A composite microbial material contained in a carrier. 5. The seed of a plant is coated with or mixed with the composite microbial material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and then seeded, or sowing soil, seedling soil, cutting soil or field. A plant disease control method comprising cultivating a plant by mixing the whole.