JP2003262827A - Parallax optical device and autostereoscopic display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a parallax optical device and an autostereoscopic display device with which an observer can determine his position relative to the autostereoscopic display device regardless of a real image currently displayed. <P>SOLUTION: The autostereoscopic display device includes an SLM (spatial light modulator) 2 controlled to provide an image display part and a signal display part. A parallax optical device 3 has a first part which collaborates with the image display part to form a plurality of viewing windows 16. A second part 3a of the parallax optical device 3 forms first and second images visible to an observer at the viewing windows 16 positioned alternately. Therefore, the observer can distinguish from desirable orthoscopic viewing zones 17, 19, and 21 and undesirable viewing positions such as pseudoscopic viewing positions 22 to 25, etc. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a parallax optical device and an autostereoscopic display device. Such a parallax optical device and a display device including the parallax optical device include an autostereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) display device, for example, a 3D television, a medical imaging device, a computer game machine, a telephone, and a scientific visualization. It may be used in equipment, virtual space equipment, and office automation equipment.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A known type of autostereoscopic 3D display device is shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings. This display device comprises a distributed backlight 1 arranged behind a spatial light modulator (SLM) 2, for example in the form of a liquid crystal display device (LCD). S
The LM2 comprises a pixel array as disclosed for example in EP 0625 861. In that patent, the pixels are arranged in rows, with each adjacent row being substantially in lateral or horizontal contact with one another.

In front of the SLM 2 is arranged a parallax optics device 3, for example in the form of a lenticular screen as schematically shown in FIG. Each parallax element 6 of the parallax optical device 3
Are aligned with each pixel column pair of SLM2. The pixel columns are controlled to alternately display vertically long left and right two-dimensional (2D) image strips for the left and right eyes of the viewer, respectively. For example, the pixel shown by 4 displays the element of the left-eye image, and the pixel shown by 5 displays the element of the right-eye image.

The light from each column of pixels, including pixels 4 and 5, is imaged in a first lobe 7 by an associated parallax element 6. Light from adjacent columns of pixels, designated by reference numerals 8 and 9, respectively, is imaged by parallax element 6 into adjacent lobes 10 and 11, respectively. In addition, the light from the next respective pixel columns, denoted by reference numerals 12 and 13, respectively, is transmitted by the parallax element 6 to a further lobe 14.
And 15 are imaged.

In order to provide a display device in which the viewing points are corrected so that each eye of the observer sees the same image over the entire display device, the pitch of the parallax elements of the parallax optical device 3 is the pitch of the pixel columns of the SLM 2. It is slightly smaller than twice. Therefore, the observation zone is repeated with several lobes. A 2D image intended for the left eye to be seen by the left eye throughout the display if the observer's left and right eyes are located within one of the left and right viewing zones of the lobe, respectively. Only the right eye sees only the 2D image intended to be seen by the right eye. The widest part of each observation zone is the observation window (vi
ewing window) and is located in a common plane as indicated by reference numeral 16. The observation window 16 is formed at a position separated from the display device by an intended visual distance.

British Patent No. 2252175 discloses a parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device. When the observer moves outward from the normal image observation area, the image visible to the observer changes. When moving horizontally, the perceived image is darker, and when moving vertically, vertical stripes appear to overlap the image. These image changes are obtained by the parallax barrier structure of the display device.

WO 94/24601 also discloses an autostereoscopic display device in which the perceived image changes as the observer moves out of the normal image viewing area. In this case, the perceived image becomes two-dimensional as soon as the observer leaves the orthoimage viewing zone, which avoids seeing false images.

[0008]

When the viewer's left and right eyes are within the left and right eye viewing zones, respectively, the viewer views the display as a normal image and sees the correct 3D image. Such an observation zone is called a normal image observation zone,
The positions of the observation windows for viewing the normal image are shown at 17-21. However, if the observer's left and right eyes are located within the right and left eye viewing zones, respectively, the observer sees a pseudo image. The position of the pseudo image observation window is 2 in Fig. 1.
2 to 25 are shown. Pseudo-images often appear to have depth, but the depth information is misleading or false and presents a problem. Therefore, it is not always clear that the observer is in the wrong position. Furthermore, it is known that looking at a false image causes headaches and other signs of visual distortion.

[Proceedings of Third I by E. Nakayama et al.
nternational Display Workshop ", volume 2, November
27-29, 1996, 1996 International Conference Centr
e, Kobe, Japan discloses a 3D indicator that assists an observer in finding a suitable viewing area of an autostereoscopic 3D display device of the type shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings. The indicator is a front slit 2 as shown in FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings.
7 and includes a light blocking box 26 having light emitting diodes (LEDs) 28-32. LEDs 28, 30 and 32 emit green light and LEDs 29 and 31 emit red light. With respect to the size of the slit 27 and the positions of the LEDs 28 to 32 with respect to the slit 27, the observer's eye is in the normal image position
It is set so that the lights from the LEDs 32 to 28 can be seen through the slit 27 when they are located at ˜21. Therefore, the eyes of the observer are in the normal image positions 17 to 21.
In either position, only either the green LED or the red LED is visible. As the observer moves from the normal image position, light from both the green and red LEDs becomes visible. Therefore, the observer must position himself so that only monochromatic light can be seen through the slit 27 of the indicator.

The indicator is made as a separate device separate from the autostereoscopic display device and is therefore correct during manufacture to ensure that the areas where only a single color is visible are accurately aligned with the orthoimage position within the viewing window. It is necessary to perform alignment. Such alignment is time consuming and cumbersome, which substantially increases manufacturing costs and manufacturing complexity. Furthermore, the optical system of the indicator is different from the optical system of the display device itself. Therefore, the indicator only accurately identifies the orthotopic position in and very close to the plane containing the observation window. If the observer moves significantly out of this plane, the indicator will not accurately indicate whether the observer is in the orthoimage or non-orthoimage position. Also, since the optical system of the indicator and the optical system of the display device are different, the indicator gives an instruction unrelated to the performance of the optical system of the display device. Therefore, even if the indicator is correctly aligned with the display, the observer is actually in the normal image position even when the observer is in an improper viewing position due to a defect in the optical system of the display. There is also the problem of receiving false instructions.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is for an observer to
An object of the present invention is to provide an autostereoscopic display device capable of determining its own position with respect to the autostereoscopic display device, regardless of the actual image being displayed.

[0012]

A parallax optical device according to the present invention comprises an incident-side polarization plate that transmits light having a first polarization and a second polarization plate when the light having the first polarization is received.
A first portion for supplying light having a polarization of and a second portion for supplying light having a third polarization different from the second polarization when receiving the light having the first polarization. A substrate, an emission-side polarization plate that transmits the light having the second polarization and blocks the light having the third polarization, and selectively uses a liquid crystal to select a first mode and a second mode. A polarization modulator for switching, wherein, in the first mode, the emission side polarization plate allows the light supplied from the first portion to pass therethrough and blocks the light supplied from the second portion, In the second mode, the
The above object is achieved by having a polarization modulator in which the light supplied from the first part and the light supplied from the second part pass through the exit side polarization plate with substantially the same attenuation.

The autostereoscopic display device of the present invention can achieve the above object by including the parallax optical device of the present invention.

The operation of the present invention will be described below.

According to the present invention, there is provided an autostereoscopic display device including an image display unit, a signal display unit and a parallax optical device,
The parallax optical device cooperates with the image display unit to form a plurality of right-eye and left-eye observation zones in the observation region, and
Cooperating with a signal display to form a first signal image visible in at least one first area of the observation region and a second signal image visible in at least one second area of the observation region An autostereoscopic display device is provided that includes two parts.

It is thus possible to provide an arrangement in which the observer can determine his position with respect to the autostereoscopic display, independent of the actual image being displayed. In particular, by looking at the first and second signal images, the observer can determine whether he is in the first zone or the second zone of the observation area.

Each of the first and second zones may include a respective pair of adjacent viewing zones. The at least one first zone may include a plurality of first zones, and the at least one second zone may include a plurality of second zones spatially alternating with the first zones. The first area may include alternating image viewing zones. Therefore, the observer can determine whether he is in the normal image observation area or the pseudo image observation area.

There may be various ways to make the first and second signal images different. For example, the first and second
One of the signal images may be a bright image and the other may be a dark image. In another example, the first signal image is the first color,
The second signal image may be a second color different from the first color.

By using the parallax optics having the first and second parts, alignment is automatically performed during manufacture of the parallax optics. Furthermore, the image display unit and the signal display unit are the first and second common display devices respectively.
Can be included. Therefore, the alignment of these first and second parts is achieved during manufacture and thus no alignment adjustments are required during assembly of the autostereoscopic display.

The common display device may be embodied in various ways. For example, the common display device may include a light transmissive spatial light modulator such as a liquid crystal device and a light source. Alternatively, the common display device may include a light emitting device.

The image display and the first portion may cooperate to form two viewing zones per lobe within the plurality of lobes. Minimizing the number of viewing zones in each lobe can improve the resolution of the 3D image and possibly increase the brightness.

The first portion includes a parallax element array having a first pitch in a first direction, and the second portion has a second pitch in the first direction that is approximately equal to twice the first pitch. An array of parallax elements having. Each parallax element of the second portion may be aligned with each parallax element of the first portion in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The image display may include a pixel array having a third pitch in a first direction substantially equal to or greater than half the first pitch, and the signal display may include a third array in the first direction. And a fourth array having a fourth pitch that is substantially equal to twice the pitch of, and may be substantially coplanar with the pixels of the image display.
Such an arrangement is relatively inexpensive as it is simple and convenient to manufacture.

The parallax optics can be implemented in various ways. For example, the parallax optic can be a lens array such as a lenticular screen. Alternatively, the parallax optic can be a holographic optics array. As yet another variation, the parallax optic can be a parallax barrier. The first portion of the parallax barrier may include a plurality of slits of a first width and the second portion of the parallax barrier may include a plurality of slits of a first width. Alternatively, the first portion of the parallax barrier may include a plurality of slits of a first width and the second portion of the parallax barrier may include a plurality of slits of a second width that is smaller than the first width.

Each parallax element of the second portion may be aligned with each parallax element of the first portion in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

The parallax optics can be removed in the non-autostereoscopic display mode. Such an arrangement can be used to provide a full resolution 2D viewing mode. Alternatively, the parallax optics may be electronically switchable to 2D mode, as disclosed, for example, in British Patent No. 9620210.6. Such an electronically switchable parallax barrier turns on or off the observer position so that more of the display can be used for 3D image display when the observer position is not needed. It may be arranged to switch off.

When the parallax optical device is embodied as a parallax barrier, the parallax barrier may include a first layer and a movable second layer. The first layer includes a barrier region that transmits light having a first polarization, and a second layer that is substantially orthogonal to the first polarization.
And an opening region for supplying at least light having a polarization of, and the second layer has a polarizing plate that transmits light having a second polarization. The second layer acts as an output side polarizing plate that absorbs light having the first polarization, and transmits light having the second polarization when the display device is in the 3D mode. The first layer can be properly aligned and secured to the rest of the autostereoscopic display. Switching between autostereo mode and non-autostereo mode can be achieved by removing and replacing the second layer, which only needs to be angularly aligned with the rest of the display. As a result, tolerance requirements are reduced, which reduces or eliminates problems when aligning movable elements.

The image display and the signal display are arranged to supply light having a first polarization, the barrier region is arranged to transmit light having a first polarization, and the aperture region is
It may be adapted to convert light having a first polarization into light having a second polarization at least partially. The first layer may be a half-wave plate, the barrier region may have an optic axis parallel to the first polarization, and the aperture region may have an optic axis aligned at 45 ° to the first polarization. . To avoid the use of devices such as polarization rotators in the barrier region, the suppression of light from the barrier region can be maximized over the visible spectrum. This minimizes crosstalk between views.

The signal display may be arranged to be active over a lateral size corresponding to the lateral size of each three-dimensional image displayed by the image display. With such an arrangement, the degree of freedom of view in the longitudinal direction of the display device can be optimally shown.

[0029]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Autostereoscope 3 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
The D device differs from the device shown in FIG. 1 in that it includes the observer position pointing (VPI) arrangement shown in FIG. This arrangement is part of the backlight 1, S
It includes a part of the LM 2 and a part of the parallax optical device 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the SLM 2 has an image portion that displays two 2D stereoscopic images as interlaced vertical stripes in pixel columns that are alternately arranged. At this time, two adjacent pixel columns are optically aligned with each parallax element 6. Left and right viewing zones are lobes 7, 10, 11, 1
4 and 15, but formed in orthoscopic positions 17, 19
Only and 21 are used by the observer. Therefore,
The normal image positions 18 and 20 shown in FIG. 1 are not used.

The observer position pointing arrangement comprises an upper strip of the backlight 1, a signal part 2b containing one or more upper pixel rows of the SLM 2, and a part 3 of the parallax optics 3.
and a. The pixel shown in FIG. 4 acts as a pixel such as reference numerals 30 and 31 having a horizontal length twice and a pitch twice that of the pixel shown in FIG.
They work in pairs horizontally and are used to display stereoscopic images. In the portion 3a of the parallax optical device 3, the parallax elements 32 have a horizontal pitch of 2 compared to the parallax elements 6 shown in FIG.
Doubled. Pixels such as reference numeral 30 (shown in white) are
Pixels (shown in black), such as reference numeral 31, which are controlled to provide a bright image and are controlled to provide a dark image, are interleaved laterally. In particular, pixel 30 is substantially transparent and pixel 31 is substantially opaque.

Each parallax element 32 is aligned with its respective parallax element 6. Pixels 30 and 31 and parallax element 32 cooperate to provide a bright image in lobes 10 and 11 and a dark image in lobes 7, 14 and 15. Therefore, when the observer is positioned at the normal image positions 17, 19 and 21 within the observation window 16, the observer position pointing arrangement appears dark. When the observer moves from the normal image position such as reference number 19 to the pseudo image position such as reference number 23, the light from the observer position indicating arrangement becomes visible to the right eye of the observer, and as a result, the observer The observer is shown to have moved from the normal image position to the pseudo image position. One eye only sees the light from the observer position pointing arrangement and the brain registers it as image data. Therefore, the viewer's eyes do not need to see the light from the arrangement for the display device to function. Thus, when the observer moves to a position where the light from the observer position pointing arrangement is not visible, the observer is in an orthoimage position such as those shown at reference numbers 17, 19 and 21.

FIG. 5 shows a particular arrangement of the display device in which the SLM is the LCD 2 and the parallax optics is the lenticular screen 3. The arrangement of FIG. 6A is different from the arrangement of FIG. 5 in that the lenticular screen 3 is replaced with a parallax barrier that constitutes the parallax optical device. Although the parallax barrier 3 is shown to be located outside the LCD 2, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the LCD 2 is shown.
And the backlight 1 may be located.
In this case, the pitch of the parallax barriers 3 is slightly larger than the pitch of the pixel rows, so that the observation point correction can be obtained.

Other forms of the parallax optical device 3 such as a hologram optical element described below are also possible.

FIG. 7 shows the permissible range of movement of the observer. As mentioned above, the display device including components 1, 2 and 3 is of the observation point correction type in which the left and right observation zones 35 and 36 are formed. The display is adapted to form the viewing zone such that the maximum lateral length forming the viewing window has a pitch that is substantially equal to the average inter-eye distance of the viewer. The observer sees the desired 3D image when the observer's left and right eyes are within the observation zones 35 and 36 in each lobe, respectively. If the observer moves laterally or longitudinally and at least one eye moves outside of the viewing zone, the viewer will see an unwanted image. For example, as described above, lateral movement of the observer in a plane containing the observation window results in the left and right images looking at the pseudo-images seen by the observer's right and left eyes, respectively.

The lower part of FIG. 7 shows the formation of the observation point correction zone 37 for the observer position pointing arrangement. In order to see an orthoimage, both eyes of the observer are in zone 3
Must be located within 7. The arrangement of the pixels of the SLM 2 and the elements 6 and 32 of the parallax optics 3 is such that a zone 37 is formed in the lobe that is laterally and vertically aligned with the adjacent pair of normal image viewing zones 35 and 36. It Light and dark zones 37
Are laterally staggered and aligned with the staggered viewing image zones for the viewer. If the observer remains within the dark zone 37 and the light from the observer pointing arrangement is invisible to either eye, the observer is in one of the orthoimage viewing zones intended to be used. It will be. When the observer moves to the outside of the dark zone 37 by moving in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction or both directions with respect to the display devices 1, 2 and 3,
The light is visible to one or both eyes of the observer.

For example, the near point 38 and the far point 3 shown in FIG.
Reference numerals 9 and 9 respectively represent the closest and farthest orthonormal viewing positions of the observer. Movement towards or away from the display causes the observer to move outside of zone 37 to see the light from the observer position pointing arrangement. Such movement causes the observer to move outside the intended orthoimage viewing zone, as shown in the upper portion of FIG. Thus, the observer position pointing arrangement clearly indicates to the observer that the observer has moved outside the intended orthoimage viewing zone. As the observer moves further away from the intended orthographic viewing zone, he sees more light over the area of the observer position pointing arrangement. This allows the observer to correctly position himself to see the normal image of the 3D image.

By using different parts of the SLM 2 and the parallax optics 3, it is possible to provide an observer position pointing arrangement without increasing the size of the autostereoscopic display and with little or no added cost. it can. No alignment step is required to align the observer pointing arrangement with the rest of the display during manufacturing. This is because the alignment is guaranteed individually by the tolerance of the SLM 2 and the parallax optical device 3. Similarly, misalignment cannot occur during use of the autostereoscopic display. further,
The visual performance of the display portion and the observer position indicating arrangement portion is substantially the same. Thus, aberrations, defocusing, diffusion, and other effects that degrade the quality of the viewing window affect the performance of the observer pointing arrangement as well. The position indication is provided within the area of the display so that it can be easily seen by the observer.

The observer position pointing arrangement does not require additional power or connections. Further, it can be easily incorporated into a small portable device or a laptop display device.

FIG. 8 shows one possible arrangement of display devices. The parallax optical device 3 is shown in front of the normal position with respect to the SLM 2 which is the LCD panel. The parallax optics 3 is shown as a parallax barrier and at least some of the slits extend as indicated by reference numeral 40 and cooperate with the pixels 41 at the tip of the panel 2 to provide an observer position pointing arrangement. Therefore, no additional components need be provided to provide the viewer position indication, only the pixels 41 need to be properly controlled.

To provide a point or spot like observer position indication, one slit need only be extended for a few pixels. The arrangement shown in FIG. 7 provides two such points visible on the indicator. However, it is preferred that the plurality of slits extend across the entire width of the display device to provide a linear indication as described below.

FIG. 9 (a) shows the parallax barrier 3 of FIG. 8 in more detail with slits extending across its width to provide a linear indication. The portion of the parallax barrier 3 that cooperates with the LCD panel 2 to form an autostereoscopic image includes a plurality of parallel vertically extending slits arranged at a regular horizontal pitch. The slit is defined by the opaque area of the barrier 3. The portion 3a of the barrier 3 also comprises a row of slits, but in this case they are arranged at a pitch which is twice the horizontal pitch of the slits of the lower part, and each slit of the upper part is perpendicular to the respective slits of the lower part. Is aligned with. The slits all have the same optical width. Therefore, the boundaries between the windows have the same optical performance. As a result, image crosstalk increases as the viewer begins to approach the window boundary. However, since the same amount of crosstalk occurs in the observer position pointing arrangement, this arrangement also gives the observer direct information about the performance of the autostereoscopic display in a form that is easily visible to the observer.

Alternatively, the slit width of the portion 3a may be changed to fix the best viewing position. FIG. 9b shows the parallax barrier 3 with the slit width at position 3a narrower than the slit width of the rest of the barrier so as to give a clearer "best" viewing position. Further, the black zone of the SLM 2 between the pixels aligned with the upper and lower portions of the barrier 3 forms a black zone on the window surface. These black zones are undesired viewing areas. The observer position pointing arrangement also provides information about the shape of the black mask as described below.

FIG. 10 shows some possible positions of the observer position pointing arrangement 42 in strip form. This arrangement is described below and in FIG.
Can be a horizontal strip located at the top of the display, as shown in the upper left portion of the. The upper right part of FIG. 10 shows another example located at the bottom of the display device. The lower left portion of FIG. 10 shows vertical strips located on either side of the display. The lower right part of FIG. 10 shows an arrangement in which the upper and lower horizontal strips and the vertical strips on both sides are combined. The preferred arrangement is the horizontal strips shown in the upper left and upper right portions of Figure 10, which give the observer maximum knowledge of entering the incorrect viewing position. The strip 42, when the observer is not in the plane of the viewing window, as described below,
It becomes bright at several points along its width.

FIG. 11A shows the upper three pixel rows 43.
3 shows an LCD pixel arrangement that provides observer position indication. The upper and lower pixel rows of the pixel row 43 are controlled to be opaque, and the middle pixel row has two consecutive transparent pixels and two consecutive opaque pixels arranged alternately. Controlled as. This effectively provides alternating bright and dark pixels that are twice as wide and pitch as other display pixels.

The display pixels are, for example, reference numerals 44, respectively.
Pixel columns for displaying left-eye and right-eye image data as indicated by different shade densities of 45 and 45 are arranged alternately. FIG. 11 (b) shows observer position indicating (VPI) pixels such as reference numeral 46 and image pixels such as reference numeral 47. These pixels have a black background created by the black mask of the SLM. More pixel rows may be used to increase the visibility of the pointing arrangement.

FIG. 12 shows the appearance of the pointing arrangement. The upper figure shows the appearance of the pixel, the middle figure shows the appearance of the arrangement for the observer in the orthoscopic position, and the lower figure for the one eye of the observer in the pseudoscopic position. The appearance is shown. Due to the typical 2-3% crosstalk of the display device, the strip designated by reference numeral 50 is effectively 2-3% brighter than the adjacent horizontal strip, thereby providing background to an observer in an orthoscopic position. Are likely to be visible against. This means that adjacent background strips, as shown in FIG.
It can be overcome by having a "97%" black appearance when compared to the "black" appearance. Thus, when the observer is in the orthoscopic position, the active pixel row is substantially invisible to the adjacent pixel row, which does not give the observer a false indication.

FIG. 14 shows a possible color stripe panel filter arrangement that can be formed for the SLM 2 to provide a full color display. The red, green, and blue colors for the pixel are indicated by R, G, and B, respectively. FIG. 15 shows an example of the appearance of the display device for the left and right eyes of the observer in the orthonormal position, and FIG. 16 shows the appearance of the display device for the observer in the pseudo position. Although the VPI pixel is invisible at the regular image viewing position as shown in FIG. 15, at the pseudo position shown in FIG. 16, the VPI pixel is visible to the observer's right eye in this example.
For example, by turning on only VPI pixels of the same color, it is possible to use a single color such as red for position indication. However, this reduces the brightness and resolution of the pointing. To avoid this, VPI pixels can be aligned with monochromatic color filtering.

FIG. 17 shows that the upper three pixel rows 43 have been replaced by a passive arrangement.
An arrangement different from the arrangement shown in (a) is shown. Since the display information of such pixels is fixed, the portion forming the observer position indicating pixels of the SLM can also be fixed. Therefore, it is not necessary to control the upper part of the SLM. Pixel 43 '
Are defined by the black mask of the SLM and they are permanently transparent so no address electrodes are deployed. Pixel 43 'is shown in FIG. 17 as being covered by a red filter. This provides the viewer position indication in the form of a red horizontal strip and the liquid crystal for these pixels is uncontrolled. If more convenient,
The pixel 43 ′ is S protruding from the area including the liquid crystal of the SLM.
It may be formed by the substrate of the LM and the extension of the black mask. In another embodiment, the pixel 43 'is controlled by a single electrode that can be used to switch the entire indicating arrangement on and off.

The display device described above provides the viewer position indication in the form of bright and dark zones. Alternatively, zones of different colors may be arranged alternately, and such an arrangement is shown in FIG. This is because, for example, all the pixels in the active row of the upper pixel row 43 in FIG.
It is transparent but can be realized by having color filtering such that two different colored pixels are interleaved. The observer must detect the difference between pure and mixed colors in order to find the best viewing position. However, intermediate orthoscopic positions 18 and 20 that are not used in the display device described above may be used again.
The observer positions himself so that both eyes see the same color on the observer pointing arrangement. As the observer moves away from the orthoimage viewing zone, the observer's eyes see different colors.

FIG. 19 shows an observation zone which is alternately arranged such as zone 1 and zone 2, and shows an arrangement in which diagonally shaded images in opposite directions are visible. Orthogonal diagonal lines appear in the pseudo image zone as shown in the lower part of FIG.

The pointing arrangement provides an image that is a symbol such as red, green, white, flash color, text, or an arrow to help the observer determine the correct direction of movement to return to the orthoimage viewing zone. You can

The arrangements described above are primarily concerned with achieving the correct lateral or horizontal position of the observer and can also work for the observer's vertical position range. However, if the observer's vertical position is also needed, for example to find the best vertical viewing position, a vertical position indicator as shown in FIG. 20 may be provided.

A horizontal observer position pointing arrangement of the type described above is provided, which is complemented by a vertical observer position pointing arrangement 51. Each arrangement 51 includes a horizontal parallax barrier as indicated by reference numeral 52 and a pixel arrangement as indicated by reference numeral 53. When the observer is in the correct height position, the arrangement 51 looks bright, as indicated by reference numeral 54. However, when the observer is not in the correct height position, the arrangement appears dark, as indicated by reference numeral 55. Alternatively, the bright instruction and the dark instruction may be reversed so that they appear dark at the correct height position and appear bright at the incorrect height position.

By optimizing the position of the observer more accurately,
In order to improve the quality of the display, the degree of freedom of the visibility of the observer position indicating arrangement may be restricted as compared with the case where the observer is instructed to perform an orthoscopic view. Or or in addition to the above,
The pixel shape of the arrangement may be adjusted to minimize visibility and thereby optimize the observer's position.

The display device described above and shown in the accompanying drawings is:
It is a configuration for the observer in the central position and for other observers who can see the 3D image in the lobes on the sides of the central observation window. However, in some applications, such as video games, two "side-by-side" observers may be preferable. This is the image data
It can be realized by changing the above-mentioned arrangement shown in position 1 of FIG. 21 to the arrangement shown in position 2. This simply requires changing the state of the pixels of the observer position pointing arrangement. Thus, the display device can be electronically switched between the two modes without the use of moving parts.

FIG. 22 shows a laptop computer 60 having a display device in the form of the autostereoscopic display device described above. This display device comprises a parallax optics device 3 in the form of a parallax barrier of the type shown in FIG. The upper part of FIG. 22 shows the case where the display device is used in the autostereoscopic 3D mode. The parallax barrier is provided in the attachment 61 so that it is properly registered with the pixels of the SLM in the display. For example,
The barrier may be made on a glass or acrylic substrate whose coefficient of thermal expansion is close enough to that of the glass of the LCD forming the SLM. The openings in the barrier can be formed by exposing and developing the emulsion. Such exposure is performed using a flatbed laser scanning device at 0.1 μm.
Can be generated with a tolerance of.

The lower part of FIG. 22 shows the 2D operation mode,
In this mode, the parallax barrier 3 is removed from the appendage 61 and stored, for example, in a suitable container or pouch on the back of the display. As a result, the total spatial resolution of the SLM is 2D.
Can be used in modes.

Other arrangements for removing or disabling the parallax barrier for full resolution 2D mode are possible. For example, the barrier may be hingedly attached to the tip of the display or it may be attached to a roller blind that can be pulled down in front of the SLM 2 when needed. Alternatively, a half-wave plate 90 degree polarization rotator array, such as a half-wave plate, is attached to a layer that can be adhered to, for example, the exit-side polarization plate of the SLM2, or near the exit-side polarization plate and aligned with the display device. It may be deployed by patterning the sheet. In 2D mode this is invisible. However, by further disposing a polarizing plate on the front surface of the display device, a region having a 90-degree rotator transmits light, while a region without such a rotator extinguishes the light to form a parallax barrier. It Alignment with the display device is less important because the additional polarizer need not be patterned. Such a polarizing layer is
It can be made more robust than a removable parallax barrier and is not affected by differences in thermal expansion. The alignment error is significantly smaller than the alignment of the barrier itself.

An arrangement of this type is shown in FIG.
The parallax optical device 3 includes a portion 64 that does not affect the polarization,
And a strip-shaped portion 65 acting as a half-wave plate. In 3D mode, a linear polarizing sheet is placed over the substrate. The polarization from the SLM 2 passes through the region 64 without change, but the light passing through the half-wave plate 65 has its polarization vector rotated by 90 degrees. Polarizing sheet 66
Since the polarization direction of is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the incident light, the light passing through the region 64 is extinguished and the light passing through the half-wave plate 65 is transmitted. When operating the display in full resolution 2D mode, the polarizing sheet 66 is removed to allow all light from the SLM 2 to pass through.

90 degree rotators such as half wave plates tend to be optimized for a particular wavelength. Therefore, in the 3D mode, the light transmitted through the slit may be slightly colored.
A single layer constraining element may be suitable for this application,
Color performance may be improved by using a multilayer constraining structure. Although light passing through the areas between the slits may cause unwanted image crosstalk, most of the light is absorbed by the polarizing sheet 66, which may have good broadband absorption properties, since the polarization is not changed in the areas between the slits. To be done. Therefore, display crosstalk can be minimized.

FIG. 23 (b) shows an arrangement of a type similar to the type shown in FIG. 23 (a). In this case, portions 64 and 65 are all half-wave plates. However, the alignment of the optical axes of these half-wave plates is different. The incident side polarization plate 63 is shown to have a polarization axis of 45 ° with respect to the reference direction (horizontal direction). Incident side polarization plate 63
Is typically an SLM when embodied as an LCD.
It is composed of two emission side polarization plates. The optic axis of section 64 is aligned at 45 ° and is therefore parallel to the polarization vector of the light from the entrance polarizer. Therefore, since the portion 64 has substantially no effect on the polarization,
Light passing through the portion 64 is absorbed by the exit side polarizing plate 66 whose polarization axis is aligned at 135 °.

Since the optical axis of the portion 65 is aligned at 90 °, the polarization vector of the light passing through the portion 65 is 13
It is changed to 5 ° and passes through the exit side polarizing plate. Therefore, if the emission side polarizing plate is in place, a parallax barrier is formed.
Provide a D image. Removing the exit polarizer from the optical path provides a full resolution 2D mode.

Every other portion 65 extends downwardly, as indicated by reference numeral 65 ', to form a barrier portion 3a in 3D mode, providing viewer position indication. However, if the emission-side polarization plate is removed, the entire SLM can be used for 2D image display.

FIG. 24 shows another arrangement for switching between 3D and 2D modes. The SLM 2 is an LCD including an incident side polarization plate 67 having a polarization direction shown by a two-way arrow 68, a liquid crystal pixel layer 69, and an emission side polarization plate 70 having a polarization direction shown by a two-way arrow 71. The wave plate substrate 72 is a transparent substrate which is arranged near the emission side polarization plate 70 and on which a strip-shaped half wave plate 73 is mounted. The substrate 72 includes a wide area switchable polarization modulator 74 and an exit side polarization plate 75 having a polarization direction indicated by a bidirectional arrow 76.
Form part of.

In the 3D mode shown in FIG. 24, the light emitted from the SLM 2 is polarized in the direction indicated by the bidirectional arrow 77. Light passing through the wave plate 73 has a polarization direction that is rotated by 90 degrees and is in the direction indicated by the double-headed arrow 78. Light passing through the substrate 72 between the wave plates 73 is not affected. The polarization modulator 74, which may include, for example, a twisted nematic cell or a pi cell, is controlled so that it does not have any effect on the polarization, so that the exit side polarization plate 75 allows light with polarization 78 to pass through.
The light having the polarization 77 is extinguished. Therefore, the parallax optical device 3 functions as a parallax barrier.

FIG. 25 shows the operation in the full resolution 2D mode. In this mode, active layer 79 of polarization modulator 74 is
Are controlled to rotate the polarization of the incident light by 45 degrees. The active layer 79 may do this by rotating the polarization by 45 degrees or by applying a quarter wave phase shift. Therefore, the substrate 7 including the wave plate 73
The light from all parts of 2 is the polarization axis 76 of the polarization plate 75.
To the exit side polarizing plate 75 with a polarization direction of 45 degrees or circularly polarized light. As a result, the output side polarization plate 75 is
The light from all areas of the substrate 72 is transmitted with substantially the same relatively low attenuation, effectively eliminating the parallax optics.

For some applications, it is desirable to be able to switch between a 3D mode that includes viewer position indication by a portion of the SLM and a 3D mode that uses the entire SLM for image display. An arrangement for realizing this is shown in FIG. This arrangement includes a modified parallax barrier 3 and a polarizing sheet 80. The lower part 3a of the parallax barrier comprises a transparent slit 81 used to provide the observer position indication, and a slit 82 which is a half-wave plate and is not necessary to provide the observer position indication. As mentioned above, S
Since the light from the LM is linearly polarized light, the light passing through the slit 81 is not affected, and the light passing through the slit 82 has its polarization axis rotated by 90 degrees. When the observer's position instruction is necessary, the polarizing sheet 80 is arranged so as to cover the portion 3a of the parallax barrier 3. The polarizing sheet has a polarization axis that allows the light passing through the slit 81 to pass while extinguishing the light passing through the slit 82. In this mode, the parallax barrier 3 functions in the same way as shown, for example, in FIG.
When the observer position indication is not required and the entire area of the display device is used for image display, the polarizing sheet 80 is removed, so that the slit 81 and the slit 82 are effectively different from each other. Forming an extension of the slit.

In the arrangement described above, some of the pixel rows of SLM2 are used to provide position indication. This results in some loss of 3D image resolution and image size. However, this can be reassured by providing a separate pixel dedicated to position indication, for example only switching between color and black. Due to the low electronic processing requirements associated with such pixels, the cost of the driver is substantially unaffected. Since the data for such pixels is fixed for each operation mode, a device such as a thin film transistor for controlling these pixels is not necessary.

FIG. 27 shows the effect of using the SLM 2 with pixels arranged in rows. Each pixel column of this SLM is laterally separated by successive vertical strips of the SLM's black mask. The upper part of FIG. 27 shows that the viewing window 16 is not laterally continuous and that the vertical strips of the black mask are separated by vertical strips such as 83 which are imaged. Therefore, the permissible viewing zones 35a and 36a are more spatially constrained than the viewing zones 35 and 36 shown in FIG. However, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 27, the same effect exists for the observer position pointing arrangement, thus creating a reduced viewing point correction zone 37a having near and far points 38a and 39a closer to the plane of the viewing window. To be done. Reduction zone 37a corresponds to reduction zones 35a and 36a, which gives the correct observer position indication for this embodiment.

28 and 29 show an autostereoscopic 3D display device different from those shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in that the parallax optical device 3 is holograms with sheets 84 and 85 for forming the observation window 16. Show. Each hologram 84 and 85 is nominally located on the pixel surface of the SLM 2. Alternatively, the same effect can be obtained by imaging the pixels on the hologram. The display is illuminated by a reference beam 86 and each of the holograms 84 produces a set of viewing windows having a lateral width substantially equal to the width between the eyes of the viewer. Similarly, the hologram 85 providing the observer position indication produces a window, the width of each of which is substantially equal to twice the width between the eyes.

The use of holograms provides the advantage that the left eye and right eye image data can be horizontally interlaced on the pixel rows of the SLM2. Therefore, the cost of the image interlace system can be reduced. On the other hand, the imaging characteristics of the hologram can generate the illustrated viewing position pointing window configuration.

In order to improve the diffraction efficiency, each hologram can be arranged to produce a single viewing window, whereby each pixel has its own hologram to produce the window array. A pixel array is required.

All of the pixels in the observer position indication arrangement may be used to generate the illustrated window for providing observer position indication. This may provide a relatively bright indication.

FIGS. 30 and 31 correspond to FIGS. 28 and 2.
9 shows the same type of display as shown in FIG. 9, but holograms 84 and 85 produce different viewing windows.
In particular, the viewing window 84 creates a window whose width is substantially equal to the width between the eyes of the viewer. The viewing windows are deployed in pairs to provide orthoscopic positions 17, 19 and 20, but each pair is spaced apart so that there are no spurious image positions. Hologram 85 directs light into the gap between adjacent window pairs and provides a clear indication when the viewer is trying to move outward from the orthoscopic position.

32 and 33 show another autostereoscopic 3D display device of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 comprising an SLM 2 and a parallax barrier 3 having a portion 3a for providing observer position indication. Show. However, FIG. 32 and FIG.
The display device shown in FIG. 3A comprises spaced viewing windows of the type shown in FIGS. The pixels of the SLM 2 are arranged separated from each other by the black mask of the SLM which causes adjacent pixel column pairs to create a gap between the viewing window pairs.

One of the eyes of the observer has the orthoscopic positions 17 to 21.
At the outer edge, the display seen by this eye appears to be black. Problems may occur in the case of low-intensity images that show little difference in actual image data. This is because the observer is unaware that the image is out of the best viewing zone until it returns to a higher intensity value. By providing the observer position indication by the light being visible in the non-orthogonal viewing zone, the observer can easily verify that he is in the orthonormal position regardless of the image data being displayed. You can

FIG. 34 shows a display device of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but providing three viewing windows 16 per lobe. Each window set provides a left view, a right view, and a "black" view, as shown in FIG. The right eye image 90 has a black strip 91 permanently displayed at the lower edge. Similarly, the left eye image 92 also has a lower black strip 93. The black view portion is shown at 94 and has a white strip 95 at the bottom edge.

The presence of the black window eliminates the pseudo-visual position, leaving the normal-image positions 17 to 21 and the non-normal-image positions between them. Both eyes see the black strips 91 and 93 when the observer is in one of the orthotopic positions 17-21. However, when one of the observer's eyes moves to the non-orthotopic position, the eye sees a black window white strip 95.

Although the display device described above provided two views, a display device providing more views could be provided. For example, FIG. 36 shows a display device that provides four views per lobe (shown as 1-4 in viewing window 16). This provides the observer with a wide range of field of view freedom, with spurious image viewing positions 96, 97 and 98 at the boundaries between adjacent lobes.

FIG. 37 shows a first method of giving a viewer a visual instruction of a pseudo image viewing position. In this arrangement, the pitch of the parallax optics portion 3a is twice that of the parallax optics 3, which results in dark indications in the central lobe 99, but bright indications in adjacent lobes 100 and 101. 1
The next lobe, such as 02, is dark again, and so on. Therefore, at the pseudo image viewing position, at least one eye of the observer sees a position indication that is not black.

FIG. 38 shows another arrangement of the observer position indication. Again, a dark indication is provided within the central lobe 99. Within the next lobes 100 and 101, the central part is dark but the edges are light. The next lobe, such as reference numeral 102, is dark and so on. With this arrangement,
Still another observer can use the display in the intermediate display lobe.

FIGS. 39 and 40 show the black light 1
Is replaced by the projection light source 103, and the optical system 104 is SL
The projection display device which projects the image displayed on M2 to the diffuser 105 arrange | positioned at the back surface of the lenticular screen 3 is shown. The portion 3a of the lenticular screen shown in FIG. 40 has a pitch twice that of the screen 3 for stereoscopic images, and gives the viewer position indication in the same manner as the display device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 41 shows another arrangement for providing an observer position indication. Instead of controlling the position-indicating pixels of the SLM 2, the printed image 106 is mounted on the lenticular screen and illuminated by the light source 103 from behind.

FIG. 42 shows a typical appearance of observer position indication for several different positions of the observer. The observer position pointing arrangement refers to the reference number when the observer is in the orthoscopic position in the window plane with the left and right eyes in the left and right windows of the left and right viewing zones 35 and 36, respectively. Suppose it is of the type that gives a dark horizontal strip as shown at 107. In this case, the indicating arrangement appears dark to both eyes.

When the observer is at position 108, the right eye is in the observation zone 35 and the left eye is out of the observation zone, the position indication appears black to the right eye but reference numeral 109 to the left eye. It appears as a bright line as shown. The observer views the display devices 1, 2, 3 and the observation zones 35 and 36 '.
When in position 110 between and, the combination of instructions seen by both eyes appears to be indicated by reference numeral 111. Similarly, when the observer is at position 112, the instructions appear as indicated by reference numeral 113. Therefore, as soon as the observer moves outward from the range of the stereoscopic view position, a bright instruction starts to be seen by at least one eye of the observer.

As described above, FIG. 7 shows the display devices 1, 2,
3 shows the visual field degree of freedom in the vertical direction when displaying a full-width 3D image. However, if the horizontal size of the 3D image is narrower than the width of the display devices 1, 2, and 3, the vertical size of the observation zone increases. This is shown in FIG. In the figure, the 3D image is laterally constrained, as indicated by reference numeral 115, which causes the viewing zones 35 'and 36' to be substantially longer. In this case, the new near point 38 'is closer to the display device 1, 2, 3 than the near point 38 shown in FIG. Similarly,
The new far point 39 'is farther from the display device 1, 2, 3 than the far point 39 shown in FIG.

In order to give a correct instruction to the observer having an increased degree of freedom of movement in the vertical direction, the portion of the display device for giving the observer position instruction is laterally outward from the horizontal size 115 of the 3D image. All areas located may be black. As a result, as shown in FIG. 43, for example, only the pixel portion 116 that gives the observer position indication is used. As a result, the observation zones 35 'and 3 as shown in FIG.
An observation point correction zone 37 'matching 6'is obtained. Therefore, zone 37 'has the same longitudinal degree of freedom as the displayed image.

The lateral size 115 of the 3D image, or when all 3D images are displayed, is determined by the controller controlling the image display, and the observer position indication width calculation is performed. The lateral part 1 that is supplied to the routine, which provides the active indication.
16 matches the overall lateral size of the displayed 3D image. As shown in FIG. 44, the display devices 1, 2, 3
May have several areas 117 in which a 3D image is displayed. To give a correct indication of the degree of freedom of view, the total width of the active part of the display device giving the observer position indication is the width indicated by reference numeral 118. The active part extends continuously from the lateral position of the leftmost boundary of these 3D images to the rightmost boundary. Therefore, the optimum visibility of the display device can be realized for all images.

[0089]

According to the present invention, at least the following effects can be obtained.

To provide a parallax optical device or an autostereoscopic display device that allows an observer to determine his or her position with respect to the parallax optical device or autostereoscopic display device regardless of the actual image being displayed. Is possible. In particular, by looking at the first and second signal images, the observer can determine whether he is in the first zone or the second zone of the observation area.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of a conventional autostereoscopic 3D display device.

FIG. 2 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of a conventional observer position indicator.

FIG. 3 is an autostereoscope 3 which constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.
The schematic horizontal sectional view in a certain height of a D display.

FIG. 4 is an autostereoscope 3 which constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.
The schematic horizontal sectional view in another height of a D display device.

5 is a schematic sectional view showing a lenticular screen display device of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.

6 (a) is a schematic sectional view showing a front parallax barrier display device of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.

FIG. 6 (b) is a view similar to FIG. 3 of the rear parallax barrier display device which constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 (c) is a view similar to FIG. 4 of a rear parallax barrier display device which constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing formation of an observation zone by the display device of FIGS. 3 and 4.

8 shows one possible form of the display device of FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.

9 (a) shows one type of parallax optics of the display device of FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.

9 (b) shows another type of parallax optical device of the display device of FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.

10 is an autostereoscopic 3D of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.
The possible sensor positions for the display device are shown.

11A is an SL of the display device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.
The information displayed by M is shown.

FIG. 11B is an external view of pixels of the SLM shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 12 shows an appearance of position indication on the display device of FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 13 shows a modification of FIG.

FIG. 14 shows an arrangement of color stripe panel filters of the SLM in the display device of FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 15 shows the appearance of a panel image seen by an observer when viewing a normal image.

FIG. 16 shows the appearance of a panel image seen by an observer when viewing a pseudo image.

FIG. 17 shows another SLM arrangement suitable for the display device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 18 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing another method of indicating the correct observer position.

FIG. 19 illustrates the use of orthogonal diagonal images.

FIG. 20 illustrates the use of vertical and horizontal position indication.

FIG. 21 shows two views similar to FIG. 3, showing operation in two different modes.

FIG. 22 shows a laptop computer including a display device of the type shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 with a movable parallax barrier.

FIG. 23 (a) shows a first arrangement for switching between 3D mode and 2D mode.

FIG. 23 (b) shows a second arrangement for switching between 3D mode and 2D mode.

FIG. 24 is a third operating in 3D mode and 2D mode.
Schematic cross-sectional view of the arrangement of.

FIG. 25 is a third operating in 3D mode and 2D mode.
Schematic cross-sectional view of the arrangement of.

FIG. 26 shows an arrangement of parallax optics providing two 3D modes.

FIG. 27 is a view similar to FIG. 7 showing the effect of pixel columns laterally separated by a continuous strip of black mask.

FIG. 28 is a view similar to FIG. 3, showing another display device that constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a view similar to FIG. 4, showing another display device that constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a view similar to FIG. 3, showing yet another display device that constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a view similar to FIG. 4, showing yet another display device that constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a view similar to FIG. 3, showing yet another display device that constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a view similar to FIG. 4, showing yet another display device that constitutes an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device which constitutes another embodiment of the present invention.

35 shows an example of an image displayed by the display device of FIG. 34. FIG.

FIG. 36 is a view similar to FIG. 3, showing a four-view display device that constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a view similar to FIG. 4, showing a four-view display device that constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 38 shows another observer position pointing arrangement,
The same figure as FIG.

FIG. 39 is a view similar to FIG. 3, showing a projection display device which constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a view similar to FIG. 4, showing a projection display apparatus which constitutes one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 41 shows another observer position pointing arrangement,
The same figure as FIG.

FIG. 42 illustrates a possible appearance of an observer position pointing arrangement for various different positions of the observer.

43 is a view similar to FIG. 7, but showing an increase in viewer freedom in the vertical direction obtained by reducing the size of the displayed 3D image in the horizontal direction.

FIG. 44 shows an appearance of the display device when operating as shown in FIG. 43.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 backlight 2 SLM 2a Image part 2b Signal section 3 Parallax optical device 6,32 Parallax element 7, 10, 11, 14, 15 lobes 16 Observation window 17, 19, 21 Normal image position 22-25 pseudo position 35, 36 Observation zone 37 Observation point correction zone

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Richard Robert Mosley             United Kingdom RHC 12 5 NZ             To West Sussex, Hallshire             Mu, Ropeland Way 123 (72) Inventor David Ezra             UK O-X100 Alue             Le Oxfordshire, Wally             Brighton-Cum-Ngford             Sottwell, Monks Med 19 (72) Inventor Nicholas Stephen Holiman             UK OX100 AW               Oxfordshire, Wolin             Gford, Wood Street 59             I F-term (reference) 2H088 EA06 GA02 HA15 HA18 HA26                       HA28 JA05 MA20                 2H091 FA08X FA08Z FA11X FA19Y                       FA28X FA28Z FA31X FA41Z                       FD04 FD05 FD06 FD07 FD11                       FD15 HA07 LA30 MA01                 5C061 AA02 AA07 AB16

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An incident-side polarization plate that transmits light having a first polarization, a first portion that supplies light having a second polarization when the light having the first polarization is received, and A substrate having a second portion that supplies light having a third polarization different from the second polarization when the light having the first polarization is received; An emission-side polarization plate that blocks light having the third polarization, and a polarization modulator that selectively switches between a first mode and a second mode by using a liquid crystal, wherein in the first mode Is configured to block the light supplied from the first portion and block the light supplied from the second portion by the emission side polarization plate. In the second mode, The light supplied from the second portion is the output side polarization plate. Parallax optic device characterized by having a polarization modulator which transmits with substantially the same attenuation. 2. An autostereoscopic display device comprising the parallax optical device according to claim 1.