JP2003260447A - Apparatus for decomposition treatment of organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for the decomposition treatment of an organic waste which can prevent microorganism decomposition efficiency from being decreased caused by excess of water content in a treating tank. <P>SOLUTION: In the apparatus for the decomposition treatment of the organic waste in which the organic waste is decomposed with a microorganism in the treating tank 10, the water content included in accumulated substances x in the treating tank 10 such as the organic waste is dried in a short time to a quantity where microorganisms decomposition is efficiently accelerated by providing a hot air feeding device 70 for feeding hot air into the treating tank 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to human and livestock manure,
The present invention relates to an apparatus for decomposing and treating organic waste such as garbage, and particularly to an apparatus for treating and treating organic waste suitable for treating manure of livestock containing a large amount of water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional decomposition processing apparatus is, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3160859 filed by the present applicant. This decomposition processing device is for microbially decomposing an object to be processed consisting of organic wastes such as manure and food waste, together with sawdust, and efficiently stirring and mixing the object to be treated and sawdust and activating microorganisms. In addition to having a high decomposition treatment capacity by performing, it has many excellent effects such as effective use of the decomposed material and sawdust as a high-quality fertilizer or soil conditioner,
It is used in public toilets, nursing care toilets, livestock toilets, garbage processing machines, etc.

By the way, when the manure discharged from a cowshed is processed by the above-mentioned conventional decomposition processing apparatus, the cow discharges about 40 to 50 times as much urine as a human, so that the inside of the processing tank becomes excessive in water and microorganisms are discharged. There is a problem that the processing capacity is degraded due to the decomposition. In addition to manure, litter, such as straw and sawdust, is also contained in the material to be processed, so the amount of accumulation is large, and the stirring part that stirs the accumulation in the processing tank may be damaged. I'm worried.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to prevent a decrease in microbial decomposition efficiency due to excessive water content in a treatment tank. Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for decomposing organic waste, which has excellent durability of the stirring section.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The technical means of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems are, in the first invention, an organic waste decomposition apparatus for microbial decomposition treatment of organic waste in a treatment tank, It is characterized by comprising a warm air feeding device for feeding warm air into the processing tank.

Here, the structure for microbial decomposition in the treatment tank is not particularly limited, but preferably, the organic waste is mixed with the microbial decomposition treatment medium such as sawdust or wood chips by stirring. , And more preferably, an agitating section for agitating and mixing the organic waste and the microbial decomposition treatment medium, and in this case, the agitating section is provided with an agitating blade that is driven to rotate in a horizontal shaft shape, or an axial water straight shape. It includes a mode in which a stirring blade that is driven to rotate is provided. Further, the warm air blowing device is not particularly limited in its aspect, but preferably, it is a mode in which the generated warm air is forcibly fed into the treatment tank, and as a specific aspect, , For example, a heater or heat exchanger made of nichrome wire or the like for heating air, a fan forcibly feeding hot air into the treatment tank, a pipe for introducing hot air into the treatment tank, and the like. The configuration.
Further, the warm air blowing device, preferably, by appropriately drying accumulated materials such as organic waste in the processing device,
It is configured so that microbial decomposition in the treatment tank is efficiently promoted. Specific examples of this case include a mode provided with a control mechanism for maintaining the warm air at a predetermined temperature, and a jet of hot air for a predetermined time and a predetermined period. A mode having a control mechanism that repeats stop of time is included.

In the second aspect of the invention, the warm air blowing device has a discharge portion for ejecting the warm air, which is located above the accumulated material in the processing tank.

Here, the accumulated materials include organic wastes, microbial decomposition treatment media, etc., which are put into the treatment tank.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the discharge part includes a discharge pipe provided in the processing tank, and the discharge pipe is provided with a plurality of discharge holes, and from each discharge hole, It is characterized in that it is arranged so that hot air is blown to the accumulated material in the processing tank.

Here, preferably, the plurality of discharge holes are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the discharge pipe,
The hot air is blown evenly to the accumulated material in the processing tank, and more preferably, it is also arranged in the circumferential direction of the discharge pipe so that the warm air is more diffused and the warm air is evenly distributed to the accumulated material in the processing tank. Make it sprayable.

Further, in the fourth invention, the stirring section in the processing tank is controlled so as to repeat a stirring operation for stirring and mixing the accumulated material and stopping, and the warm air blowing device is at least the stirring apparatus. It is characterized in that it is operated during the stirring operation of the section, and is stopped all or part of the stop time of the stirring section.

Here, the agitating section includes an aspect including an agitating blade that is driven to rotate in a horizontal axis, an aspect including an agitating blade that is driven to rotate in an axial horizontal direction, and the like.

The fifth aspect of the invention is characterized in that a vent is provided to connect the upper side of the accumulated material in the processing tank to the outside of the processing tank.

According to the above technical means, during the operation of the hot air blowing device, the ventilation portion acts as an exhaust passage for exhausting the steam in the processing tank, and when the hot air blowing device is stopped, ,
The aeration section functions as an intake passage for taking in air necessary for respiration of microorganisms into the processing tank.

In the sixth aspect of the invention, the stirring section for stirring and mixing the accumulated substances in the processing tank has a plurality of spiral strips spirally swirling around the rotation axis in the lengthwise direction through the gap. It is characterized in that the gap is divided and supported, and the gap is set so that stress applied to the spiral band is released.

Here, the gap is set at an appropriate interval according to the material and size of the spiral band so that the stress generated in the spiral band by stirring and transporting the accumulated material in the processing tank is released. It is set, and preferably, is set to be approximately the same as the width dimension of the spiral strip. That is, if the gap is too large, the spiral strip reduces the ability to stir and convey the accumulated material, and if the gap is too small, the stress generated in the spiral strip cannot escape. .

The present invention is an apparatus for decomposing organic waste, which is particularly suitable for microbially decomposing livestock excrement. A valve seat communicating with the inside of the processing tank is provided on the upper surface of the processing tank. Thus, an organic waste decomposition apparatus for microbial decomposition treatment of human waste may be configured, or an organic waste for garbage can be provided by providing an opening on the upper surface of the treatment tank into which garbage is put. You may comprise a decomposition processing apparatus.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an example of an organic waste decomposition processing apparatus according to the present invention.

This organic waste decomposition processing apparatus A includes a processing tank 10 and a ventilation part 80 provided on the upper surface of the processing tank 10.
And a stirring unit 1 for stirring and mixing the accumulated material x in the processing tank 10.
A drive unit 2 having a drive source for the stirring unit 1, and a processing tank 1
A hot air blowing device 70 for sending hot air into the inside of the processing tank 10, and the accumulated material is decomposed by microorganisms in the treatment tank 10. The accumulated material x is an organic waste and a microbial decomposition treatment medium that are input from the lid-equipped opening 11 (see FIG. 2) on the upper surface of the treatment tank 10. The microbial decomposition treatment medium is a porous substance that serves as a habitat for microorganisms and promotes microbial decomposition. For example, sawdust, wood chips, or the like is used, and particularly in a preferred example of the present embodiment, sawdust is used, and the stirring unit 1 is It is put in the processing tank 10 in advance so that it is completely filled. In addition, by connecting the inside of the processing tank 10 to the inside of the processing tank of the other organic waste decomposition apparatus, the water in the processing tank 10 is dispersed in the lower part of the processing tank 10 to disperse the other organic waste. A water dispersion passage 60 for dispersing in the processing device is provided as needed.

In the processing tank 10, a curved bottom plate 13 made of a corrosion-resistant metal plate such as stainless steel is fixed in a box-shaped housing 12 having an upper opening, and the upper opening of the housing 12 is closed by an upper plate 14. However, the upper plate 14 is provided with a single or plural openable / closable lid openings 11 (see FIG. 2) used for throwing sawdust and organic waste and for internal inspection.

An upper T-shaped exhaust tube 15 having an exhaust fan 15a is provided at a substantially central portion of the upper plate 14 so that the water in the processing tank 10 can be efficiently evaporated and exhausted. There is. In addition, inside the exhaust stack 15, there is a rising piece (not shown) which prevents rain from entering from the outside. Further, on the upper plate 14, a single or a plurality of ventilation parts 80 are provided, which communicate the space above the accumulated material x in the processing tank 10 with the outside of the processing tank 10.

This ventilation part 80 prevents rainwater from entering by arranging both end openings slightly obliquely downward at the upper end of a straight pipe part 81 extending upward from the upper surface of the upper plate 14 in a substantially vertical manner. The fan-shaped tube portion 82 is welded, and the opening portions at both ends communicate with the inside of the processing tank 10. And this ventilation part 80
Acts as an exhaust passage for exhausting the vapor in the processing tank 10 by supplementing the exhaust pipe 15 during the operation of the hot air blowing apparatus 70, and inside the processing tank 10 while the hot air blowing apparatus 70 is stopped. It acts as an intake passage that takes in the air necessary for breathing microorganisms.

The stirring unit 1 has a rotary shaft 20 which is driven and rotated by a drive unit 2 and which is horizontally installed, and supports an outer conveying blade 30 and an inner conveying blade 40 formed in a spiral band around the rotating shaft 20. However, between the outer conveyance blade 30 and the inner conveyance blade 40 and the inner side surface 10a of the processing tank 10 on the axial side, a circumferential stirring is performed to prevent organic waste and sawdust from adhering to the inner side surface 10a. The directional stirring unit 50 is supported on the rotating shaft 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). Then, the stirring unit 1 is used in the processing tank 10
The accumulated material x is conveyed in axially opposite axial directions inside and outside the outer conveying blade 30 and the inner conveying blade 40, and at both sides (left and right sides in FIG. 1) of the rotary shaft 20 with a substantially central portion as a boundary. ) And circulate in opposite directions (see FIG. 3).

The outer conveying blade 30 is provided with the rotating shaft 20.
Of the first outer conveying blade 31 and the second outer conveying blade, which are arranged on both sides (left and right sides in FIG. 1) of the substantially central portion as a boundary, and spiral directions are opposite to each other on both sides thereof. And 32.

The inner conveying blade 40 is disposed inside the first outer conveying blade 31 and is formed so that the spiral direction is opposite to that of the first outer conveying blade 31. 41 and a second conveyor blade 42 that is arranged inside the second outer conveyor blade 32 and is formed so that the spiral direction is opposite to the second outer conveyor blade 32.

Each conveying blade 31, 32, 41, 42
Is formed of a spiral band body obtained by bending a long band-shaped metal member into a spiral shape, and is welded to the end side of a support rod 22 that is inserted and fixed in a substantially orthogonal shape to the rotary shaft 20. Rotate integrally with 20.

The base side of each support rod 22 (rotating shaft 2
On the 0 side), four triangular reinforcing plates 22a are attached to the rotary shaft 2
It is welded and fixed so as to project in four directions from the outer peripheral surface of No. 0.
These reinforcing plates 22a reinforce the support rods 22 so that they will not be deformed or damaged by the reaction force received from the accumulated material x to be conveyed, and the organic waste and sawdust near the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 20 are surrounded. Stir in the direction.

Each of the first inner carrying blade 41 and the second carrying blade 42 has a width W1 of its carrying surface.
Is formed to be wider than the width dimension W2 of the transport surfaces of the first outer transport blade 31 and the second outer transport blade 32 (see FIG. 2). That is, the transport amount per unit area of the transport surface is configured so that the first inner transport blade 41 and the second transport blade 42 are larger than the first outer transport blade 31 and the second outer transport blade 32. Then, the outer conveying blade 30 and the inner conveying blade 4
The transport amount with 0 is equalized.

Each of the first outer conveying blade 31, the second outer conveying blade 32, the first inner conveying blade 41, and the second conveying blade 42 has a gap at a substantially central portion of the entire length of each conveying blade. It is divided into two in the axial direction by interposing c. The number of divisions is not limited to the example shown in the figure, and may be a plurality of divisions of three or more.

The clearance c is provided by the transfer blades 31, 32, 41, 42 when the accumulated material x in the processing tank 10 is transferred.
In order to release the stress generated in the (spiral strip), it is set at an appropriate interval according to the material and size of the spiral strip, and preferably the width dimension of each spiral strip, that is, the first outer conveying blade 31. In the case of the second outer transport blade 32, the dimension W2 is set, and in the case of the first inner transport blade 41 and the second transport blade 42, the dimension W1 is set to be substantially the same. If the gap c is too large, the ability of the corresponding conveyance blade (spiral band) to convey the accumulated material x is reduced. If the gap c is too small, the corresponding conveyance blade (spiral band) is ) Will not be able to escape the stress that occurs.

The circumferential stirring section 50 includes a main stirring rod section 51 fixed to both sides of the rotating shaft 20 so as to project substantially axially symmetrically, and a main stirring rod section in a bracing manner from the center side of the rotating shaft 20. It is provided with a reinforcing stirring portion 52 fixed to reinforce 51, and a plurality of scraping portions 53 projecting toward the inner surface 10a side of the processing tank 10 at both end sides of the main stirring rod portion 51. The circumferential stirring unit 50 stirs the organic waste and sawdust in the circumferential direction so as not to adhere to the inner surface 10a of the processing tank 10,
On the inner surface 10a side, the accumulated material x is transferred from the outer conveying blade 30 side to the inner conveying blade 40 side, or
It assists in reversing and conveying from the inner conveying blade 40 side to the outer conveying blade 30 side.

Further, the circumferential stirring portion 50 prevents the accumulated material x from solidifying in a dumpling shape due to its stirring action. Therefore, according to the circumferential stirring section 50, it is possible to prevent the outer conveyance blade 30 and the inner conveyance blade 40 from receiving an axial reaction force from the accumulation x solidified in a dumpling shape.

The drive unit 2 includes a motor 21 for driving and rotating the rotating shaft 20 of the stirring unit 1 and a control unit 22 in the housing 2a.
And the hot air blowing device 7 is provided on the upper surface of the housing 2a.
A hot air source 71 of 0 is placed.

The housing 2a is detachably connected to the housing 12 of the processing tank 10 so that the housing 2a and the housing 12 can be separately conveyed.

The motor 21 is supported by a bracket or the like in the housing 2a, and its drive shaft is rotated by a chain 23.
Is transmitted to the rotary shaft 20 of the stirring unit 1 via the.
The shaft portion of the sprocket around which the chain 23 is wound is detachably connected to the stirring portion 1 as in the case 2a.

The hot-air blowing device 70 includes a housing 2a of the drive unit 2.
A warm air source 71 mounted on the upper surface and the warm air source 71
And a discharge section 72 detachably connected to the discharge section 72.

The hot air source 71 includes an electric heat source such as a nichrome wire and an electric fan, and forcibly sends hot air into the discharge section 72.

The discharge part 72 is provided in the processing tank 10 with the rotating shaft 20.
A long elongate discharge pipe 72a that is horizontally installed and fixed in parallel with the hot air generating source 7
And a connecting pipe portion 72b in the shape of an elbow, which is connected to the discharge portion 1 for communication.

The discharge pipe 72a has its distal end face (the left end face in FIG. 1) closed and has a large number of discharge holes 72a1 arranged in the longitudinal direction and arranged in two rows in the circumferential direction (FIG. 4). (Refer to FIG. 2) and is fixed in front of the processing tank 10 (from the left in FIG. 2).

Each of the discharge holes 72a1 is arranged so as to blow warm air evenly to the accumulated material x in the processing tank 10. Specifically, the front inside surface 10b and the back inside surface 1 of the processing tank 10 are arranged.
0c is divided into three equal parts, and the discharge holes 72a1 and 72a1 are arranged in two rows in the circumferential direction on the accumulated material x at one third position and the accumulated material x at two third position. The ejection direction is facing. The ejection holes 72a1 are arranged in the longitudinal direction at substantially equal intervals.

Further, in order to equalize the flow rate of the warm air blown out from each of the discharge holes 72a1, the total opening area of all the discharge holes 72a1 is the distribution area of the discharge pipe 72a (the area calculated from the inner diameter). I try to make it half. That is, when the total opening area of all the discharge holes 72a1 is larger than one half of the flow area of the discharge pipe 72a, the discharge resistance of the discharge pipe 72a causes the discharge pipe 72a.
When the ejection output is weaker toward the tip end side (the left end side in FIG. 1) of the discharge pipe 72a and is smaller than one half of the flow area of the discharge pipe 72a, a sufficient ejection amount is obtained in each discharge hole 72a1. I will not be able to secure it.

The control section 22 is an electric circuit constructed by using a relay circuit, a sequencer, etc., and the stirring section 1
The motor 21 is controlled so as to repeat the stirring operation and the stopping operation of No. 1, and the warm air generating source 71 of the warm air blowing device 70 is operated at least during the stirring operation of the stirring unit 1, and the stirring unit 1 It is controlled to stop all or part of the stop time.

Further, according to a preferred example of the present embodiment, the control unit 22 controls the motor 21 so that the stirring operation of the stirring unit 1 for 1 minute and the stop operation for 2 minutes are repeated, and the temperature is controlled. The wind source 71 is operated during the stirring operation of the stirring unit 1, is stopped several tens of seconds after the stirring unit 1 is stopped, and is again operated simultaneously with the stirring operation of the stirring unit 1. Further, the cycle is repeated five times, and the motor 21 and the warm air generator 71 are stopped for 50 minutes repeatedly. The stirring operation of the stirring unit 1 is controlled so that forward rotation and reverse rotation are repeated with a stop time.

Further, reference numeral 91 in the figure indicates that the temperature in the processing tank 10 is set to an appropriate temperature (60) so that microbial decomposition can be efficiently promoted.
Heaters for maintaining the temperature of up to 80 degrees, and reference numerals 92 and 9
Reference numeral 3 denotes a scraping opening with a lid provided to scrape out the accumulated material x in the processing tank 10.

Further, the above-mentioned organic waste decomposition processing apparatus A is
An organic waste decomposition apparatus suitable for microbial decomposition treatment of livestock excrement is illustrated, but the upper plate 14 of the processing tank 10 is illustrated.
By providing a valve seat that communicates with the inside of the treatment tank 10, an organic waste decomposition treatment device for microbial decomposition treatment of human excrement can be configured, and an opening through which raw garbage is thrown into the upper plate 14 of the treatment tank 10. By providing the section, it is also possible to freely configure an organic waste decomposition processing apparatus for food waste.

Further, it is provided with contact means which is turned on each time the organic waste decomposing apparatus A is used, and timer means which keeps energizing the hot air blowing apparatus within a set time. The timer means starts counting the set time each time the contact means is turned on, and when the contact means is not turned on within the set time, the organic waste decomposition apparatus A after the set time elapses. Also, the power supply to the heater 91 may be cut off. According to this configuration, when the organic waste decomposition processing apparatus A is not used for a certain period of time, the organic waste decomposition processing apparatus A and the heater 91 are automatically de-energized, so that the inside of the processing tank is dried. It is possible to prevent a decrease in the efficiency of microbial decomposition treatment due to rinsing and also prevent fire.

[0047]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following operational effects. According to the first aspect of the present invention, by sending hot air into the treatment tank, the amount of water contained in the accumulated substances in the treatment tank such as the organic waste becomes an amount that promotes efficient microbial decomposition. Until,
It can be dried in a short time. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the degradation of microbial decomposition efficiency due to excessive water content in the treatment tank. Moreover, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the discharge part of the warm air blowing device is arranged above the accumulated material in the processing tank, it is possible to prevent the discharge portion from being clogged with the accumulated material. Moreover, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the hot air can be dispersed by the plurality of discharge holes to uniformly and efficiently dry the accumulated material in a short time. Furthermore, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since warm air is blown to the agitated accumulated material, the accumulated material can be dried more efficiently and in a shorter time. Since the hot air is stopped, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the microbial decomposition processing ability due to overheating in the processing tank, and it is possible to reduce the energy consumption of the hot air blowing device. Further, according to the fifth aspect, when the warm air is being blown into the treatment tank by the warm air blowing device, the vapor in the treatment tank is discharged by the ventilation part, so that the accumulated matter is more efficiently discharged. And can be dried in a short time. Moreover, when the hot air blowing device is stopped, the air necessary for respiration of microorganisms is taken into the treatment tank by the ventilation part, so that the microbial decomposition of the accumulated substances is performed even when the hot air blowing device is stopped. It can be promoted efficiently.
Moreover, according to the sixth aspect, since the stress generated in the spiral band due to the conveyance of the accumulated material in the processing tank is released by the gap formed in the spiral band, the durability of the stirring section is improved, It is possible to provide an organic waste decomposition treatment device having excellent durability and reliability.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an organic waste decomposition processing apparatus according to the present invention from the front side.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the organic waste decomposition apparatus from the side.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a transport direction of organic waste and sawdust in a processing tank of the organic waste decomposition processing apparatus, with an internal structure omitted.

FIG. 4 shows a discharge part of the warm air blowing device, (a) is a longitudinal sectional view, and (b) is a side view.

[Explanation of symbols] 1: Stirrer 2: Drive unit 10: Treatment tank 22: Support rod 70: Warm air feeding device 71: Hot air source 72: Discharge part 72a: Discharge pipe 72a1: Discharge hole 80: Ventilation part c: gap x: Accumulation

Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4D004 AA02 AA03 AB01 CA15 CA19                       CA22 CA42 CB02 CB28 CB36                       CC08 DA02 DA13                 4D059 AA01 BA03 BD01 BJ01                 4G037 CA01 CA18 EA03                 4G078 AA22 AB20 BA01 CA20 DA14                       EA03

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An organic waste decomposition apparatus for microbially decomposing organic waste in a treatment tank, comprising a warm air blowing device for feeding warm air into the treatment tank. Waste decomposition equipment. 2. The organic waste decomposing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the warm air blowing device has a discharge portion for ejecting the warm air, which is located above an accumulated material in the processing tank. Processing equipment. 3. The discharge part includes a discharge pipe provided in the processing tank, wherein the discharge pipe is provided with a plurality of discharge holes, and the accumulated substances in the processing tank are provided from the respective discharge holes. The apparatus for decomposing organic waste according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus is arranged so that warm air is blown to it. 4. The stirring section in the processing tank is controlled so as to repeat a stirring operation for stirring and mixing the accumulated material and a stop, and the warm air blowing device is at least during the stirring operation of the stirring section. The organic waste decomposition apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the organic waste decomposition apparatus is activated and is stopped all or part of the time during which the stirring unit is stopped. 5. The organic waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a vent is provided to connect the upper side of the accumulated material in the processing tank and the outside of the processing tank. Material decomposition processing equipment. 6. A stirring unit for stirring and mixing the accumulated substances in the processing tank supports a spiral band that spirally swivels around a rotation axis by dividing the spiral band into a plurality of parts in the length direction. The organic waste decomposition apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the gap is set so that stress applied to the spiral band is released.