JP2003259723A - Base structure for growing vegetation plant - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a base structure for growing vegetation plants having the following properties necessary to a planting basis: a soil filling property, growth potential of plants given by making air space, soil stability imparted by utilizing root tangle brought with growth of plant roots, shape stability in transportation, on-site plantability, a root-proofing property capable of reducing damage to a building construction, and draining performance according to rainfall. <P>SOLUTION: The base structure comprises a water permeable root-proofing sheet having a permeability coefficient of 1×10<SP>-4</SP>-1×10<SP>-1</SP>cm/s bonded to one surface of the three-dimensional net-like body where a lot of linear random loops each comprising thermoplastic resin are formed and at least part of the contacts of the linear loops is (are) fused. Also a 2-20 cm unbonded part of the root-proofing sheet is provided at least on one end surface of the base structure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant-growing base suitable for growing plants on a rooftop or the like that has been waterproofed in a building structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a growing tendency to plant plants on the rooftops of building structures to make them green has started to be considered for many construction methods. Among them, the method of using a three-dimensional network made of thermoplastic resin as a support base for plants increases the filling rate of soil due to the large porosity, and the continuous fibers intervening in the soil increase the stability of the base. In addition, the advantage that the morphology is further stabilized due to the effect that many plant roots are entangled in a continuous closed loop has been noted.

Further, in the conventional construction method using a three-dimensional net body, a root-proof water-permeable sheet is often used together for the purpose of preventing damage to a building structure due to plant roots. Since they are easily separated, they are difficult to move after construction, and when they are planted on a rooftop where the initial planting environment, which is important for plant growth, is not set up, there are many problems that rooting does not proceed sufficiently thereafter.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a method of forming a unit in advance and planting it in a situation where an environment sufficient for growing plants has been prepared and shipping the plant in a fully grown state has begun to be considered. There is. However, in the support base of a solid net-like body alone, there is a problem that its shape easily collapses due to bending stress during transportation, and the filled soil spills.As a remedy, a non-woven fabric or the like is attached to the bottom surface with an adhesive and heat fusion. It is considered to be pasted.

However, the construction method using an adhesive is not efficient because it takes time for adhesion and pressure is required during that time, and a method of adhering by heat fusion has been studied as a planting application, but the adhesive force In order to increase the diameter, increasing the diameter of the wire and increasing the number of bonding points decreases the soil filling rate, and conversely, decreasing the diameter of the wire and decreasing the number of bonding points has the trade-off factor of insufficient adhesive strength, and many products have sufficient performance. The reality is that they do not have it.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks comprehensively and solves the soil filling required for planting bases, the growth of plants by securing voids, and the root entanglement associated with the growth of plant roots. Stability of soil used, morphological stability during transportation,
It is intended to provide a greening structure having on-site workability, drainage property in the case of heavy rain, and root-proof performance capable of reducing damage to a building structure.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems,
The present invention has the following configurations. 1. Random loop of many filaments made of thermoplastic resin
And at least a part of the contact points of the filament are fused.
On one side of the three-dimensional net body made of ^-Four~ 1
× 10^-1cm / s green with a water-proof root adhesive
It is a base structure for growing a fossil plant, and the base structure is less
Both ends have a length of 2 to 20 cm on the root-proof water-permeable sheet.
Base for growing green plants characterized by having unbonded parts of
Board structure. 2. The peeling strength between the three-dimensional net body and the root-proof water-permeable sheet is
First, characterized in that it is 4.9 N / 5 cm or more.
The foundation structure for growing the above-mentioned green plant. 3. The number of adhesion points between the three-dimensional net body and the root-proof water-permeable sheet is
2000-16000 pieces / m²No. characterized by being
The structure for greening according to 1 or 2. 4. The three-dimensional reticulate body has at least two layers of filamentous land.
It is a multilayer structure in which the moloop aggregate layers are fused in the thickness direction.
The greening plant according to any one of 1 to 3, characterized in that
Base structure for growing things.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The thermoplastic resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but a homopolymer or copolymer selected from olefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene is preferable. You may use these in mixture of 2 or more types of polymers. Among them, polypropylene resin, which has excellent chemical resistance and mechanical properties, is preferable. Further, polyester type polymers, polyester elastomers and polyurethane type polymers are also used. The polyester-based polymer mainly comprises a polyester having terephthalic acid as a main acid component and at least one glycol, preferably at least one alkylene glycol selected from ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol and tetramethylene glycol as a glycol component. Further, it may be a polyester in which a part of the terephthalic acid component is replaced with another difunctional carboxylic acid component, and / or a polyester in which a part of the glycol component is replaced with the above glycol or other diol component other than the main component. May be Examples of the bifunctional carboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid used here include isophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, diphenylcarboxylic acid diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid, β-hydroxyethoxybenzoic acid, p-oxybenzoic acid, and adipine. acid,
Aromatic, aliphatic and alicyclic bifunctional carboxylic acids such as sebacic acid and 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid can be mentioned. A homopolymer or copolymer selected from these is preferable, and two or more kinds of these may be mixed.

As the polyester elastomer,
Examples thereof include polyester-polyether block copolymers and polyester block copolymers. The above polyester-polyether block copolymer is a block copolymer having the properties of a rubber-like elastic body because polyester is a hard segment and polyether is a soft segment, and both are repeatedly arranged alternately.

The diameter of the filament made of these thermoplastic resins is preferably 0.3 to 4 mm. Diameter 0.3
If it is less than mm, the manufacturing conditions tend to be unstable, and the dimensional stability of the three-dimensional net itself tends to be insufficient.
If it exceeds, the filling property of soil tends to decrease. Therefore, a more preferable range is 0.5 to 3 mm. Further, it is preferable in terms of quality that the linear loops are random. This is because it is very difficult to control the production under the condition of having a regular loop shape, and in order to improve the appearance, it is necessary to increase the number of intersections, which inevitably reduces the filling rate of soil. .

Further, at least some intersections of the linear loops need to be heat-bonded (fused). If the intersections are not bonded, the dimensional stability of the structure will be insufficient, which is not preferable. The thickness of the three-dimensional net body is 5 to 60 mm.
Is desirable. If it is less than 5 mm, the space for filling the soil tends to be too small, and conversely 60 mm
If it exceeds, the total mass tends to increase, the handleability tends to deteriorate, and the cost increases. Therefore, a more preferable range is 10 to 40 mm.

The porosity of the three-dimensional net body is preferably 80 to 98%. When it is less than 80%, the soil filling rate tends to be remarkably reduced, and conversely, when it exceeds 98%, the dimensional stability of the three-dimensional network tends to be poor. Therefore, a more preferable range is 90 to 97%.

On one side of the three-dimensional net body, the water permeability coefficient is 1
A root-proof water-permeable sheet having a density of × 10 ^-4 to 1 × 10 ^-1 cm / s is firmly bonded by heat bonding. Permeability coefficient is 1 × 10 ^-4
If it is less than cm / s, the excess water outflow to the lower drainage layer may decrease, and the drainage function may not be able to follow the increase in rainfall. Conversely, if it exceeds 1 × 10 ^-1 cm / s Since there are many voids in the surface layer, plant roots can easily pass through, which may lead to damage to the building structure. Therefore, a more preferable range is 3 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / s to 5 × 10.
^-2 cm / s.

Further, the peel strength between the three-dimensional net body and the root-proof water-permeable sheet is preferably 4.9 N / 5 cm or more. 4.
If it is less than 9 N / 5 cm, the adhesive strength tends to be insufficient, and the problem that the form may collapse during transportation tends to occur. Therefore, it is preferably 7.4 N / 5 cm or more, more preferably 9.
It is 8 N / 5 cm or more.

Further, in the base structure for growing a green plant of the present invention, a root-proof water-permeable sheet is adhered to one surface of the three-dimensional net body, and the root-proof water-permeable sheet of the root-proof water-permeable sheet is provided on at least one end surface of the base structure. It has an unbonded part with a length of 2 to 20 cm. The protruding portion in this unbonded state can be used as an overlapping portion at the time of on-site construction. This is effective for preventing soil leakage at the time of on-site construction and after construction, and after overlapping, if necessary, adhesion with an adhesive and stitching by sewing are performed.

Also, depending on the layout of the construction site, the overlap portion is at least one end surface. It is preferably two or more end faces. If the overlap portion is less than 2 cm, or conversely exceeds 20 cm, the workability at the site tends to deteriorate. A more preferable range is 5
The range of 15 cm is mentioned.

Further, the number of adhesion points (the number of points) between the three-dimensional net body and the root-proof water-permeable sheet is preferably 2000 to 16000 pieces / m ² . When it is less than 2000 pieces / m ² , the mass of soil is concentrated on the bonding points where the number of bonding points is small and the contacts are easily peeled off during transportation after soil filling, which tends to cause a problem in form stability. . On the other hand, when it exceeds 16000 / m ² , voids are insufficient and the filling rate of soil tends to decrease. Therefore, a more preferable range is 3000 to 120.
00 pieces / m ² can be mentioned.

The three-dimensional network preferably has a multi-layer structure in which at least two filament random loop aggregate layers are fused in the thickness direction. This is because if it is a single layer, regular loops and random loops appear irregularly and the appearance quality deteriorates, and at the same time, it becomes difficult to secure the thickness necessary for filling the soil, and the net-like structure in which plant roots are entangled. This is because the portion becomes rough, and thus the shape stability with respect to the external deformation force during transportation tends to be poor. Therefore, more preferably, three or more random loop assembly layers are heat-bonded in the thickness direction.

Further, the root-proof and water-permeable sheet in the present invention means
It is a permeable woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, etc., but is not particularly limited, in the case of a woven fabric, a high-density twisted yarn woven fabric, preferably a high-density untwisted yarn woven fabric, and in the case of a non-woven fabric, Fewer non-woven fabrics are preferred.

Further, it is desirable that the three-dimensional net body and the root-proof water-permeable sheet are thermoplastic resins made of the same material. Although the material is not particularly limited, olefin-based polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyester-based polymers,
Examples include polyamide-based polymers. Among these, the combination of polypropylene resins is more preferable in terms of excellent chemical resistance and mechanical properties.

[0021]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. The measuring method used in the present invention is as follows. Fiber diameter (mm): The diameter (fiber diameter) was randomly measured at 10 points with a caliper, and the average value was calculated. -Thickness (mm): The thickness direction of the three-dimensional reticulated body was randomly measured at 10 points with a caliper, and the average value was obtained. -Porosity (%): A sample of a solid reticulate body alone was cut into 50 cm square pieces, the mass (g) was calculated and substituted into the following formula, and the average value of n = 3 was calculated. - porosity (%) = [1- Weight (g) / volume (cm ³⁾ ×
Specific gravity (g / cm ³ )] × 100-Water permeability (cm / s): Based on JIS A 1218. -Number of adhesion points (pieces / m ² ): A sample of 10 cm × 10 cm was cut out, the number of adhesion points was counted, and converted to m ² .

Peeling strength (N / 5 cm): A sample having a width of 5 cm and a length of 30 cm (including 20 cm of the root-permeable water-permeable sheet and the three-dimensional reticulated body) was cut out, and as shown in FIG. Insert the root-proof water-permeable sheet side of the unbonded part into the lower chuck, insert the round bar into the innermost loop of the three-dimensional net, hook it on the plate with hook shown in Fig. 1, and then sandwich the plate into the upper chuck. , The root-permeable water-permeable sheet and the three-dimensional network were peeled off, and the maximum peeling strength at that time was obtained. The measured value was calculated as an average value of n = 3.

Example 1 Polypropylene resin fiber rows extruded into cooling water immediately below a 50 cm wide spinning nozzle arranged in three rows in a staggered manner The water permeability of the polypropylene resin having a width of 70 cm, which is 10 cm longer at both ends than the width of the polypropylene resin fiber row 7 2.8 × 10 ^-4 cm / s
The non-woven fabric of (1) is supplied to a position lower than the spinning speed of the reticulate body and to the position where the fibers in the outermost row of the spinning nozzle come into contact with each other immediately before falling into the cooling water while drawing a loop, and the laminated layer for growing a green plant of the present invention. The structure was manufactured. The obtained laminated structure had a three-dimensional reticulate body with a wire diameter of 1.2 mm, a thickness of 29 mm, a porosity of 96%, a peel strength of 11.2 N / 5 cm, and an adhesion point of 4,800 pieces / m ² . This 50cm x 7
Particle size distribution 75 μm to 3 mm in a 0 cm (of which the mesh portion is 50 cm x 50 cm) base structure for growing green plants.
After sedum was planted on the entire surface after being filled with the standard sand of No. 1, and left for about 6 months with only watering once a week for about 6 months, the growth condition of the plant, the penetration condition of the plant root, and the time of transportation are assumed. The morphological stability of the soil was evaluated by vertical placement. As a result, the growth of the plant is good, there is no penetration of plant roots, the soil filling rate is high, and the effect of plant roots entangled in the mesh fibers stretched in the soil causes the morphology to collapse even when placed vertically. It was confirmed that there is no.

Example 2 Both ends were 10 cm longer than the width of the polypropylene resin fiber row extruded under the same conditions as in Example 1.
Permeability coefficient 4.8 cm made of the same polypropylene resin
A high density woven fabric of × 10 ^-4 cm / s was supplied in the same manner to manufacture a laminated structure for growing green plants. The obtained laminated structure had a three-dimensional reticulate body with a wire diameter of 1.2 mm, a thickness of 28 mm, a porosity of 96%, a peel strength of 12.1 N / 5 cm, and an adhesion point of 4,600 pieces / m ² . Using the thus obtained green vegetation growing substrate structure, the same method as in Example 1 was evaluated. As a result, the growth of the plant was similarly good, the roots did not penetrate, and the reticulated fibers stretched in the soil. It was confirmed that the plant roots did not collapse even when placed vertically due to the entangled effect.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Both ends were 10 cm longer than the width of the polypropylene resin fiber row extruded under the same conditions as in Example 1.
Permeability coefficient 3.6 cm made of the same polypropylene resin
A non-woven fabric of × 10 ⁰ cm / s was supplied under the same conditions to produce a laminated structure. In the obtained laminated structure, the three-dimensional reticulate body has a wire diameter of 1.2 mm, a thickness of 30 mm, and a porosity of 96%.
Peel strength is 9.4 N / 5 cm, number of adhesion points is 4700 /
It was m ² . Using the thus obtained laminated structure, the same method as in Example 1 was evaluated. As a result, it was confirmed that the growth of the plant was also good, and that the morphology was maintained even when the plant was placed vertically. With the roots penetrating, the danger of damage to building structures became a concern.

Comparative Example 2 Both ends were 10 cm longer than the width of the polypropylene resin fiber row extruded under the same conditions as in Example 1.
Water permeability of 6.5 cm x 1 cm width polyester resin
The non-woven fabric of 0 ^-4 cm / s is supplied to the same position where the fibers in the outermost row of the spinning nozzles fall into the cooling water while drawing a loop,
A laminated structure was manufactured. In the laminated structure thus obtained, the three-dimensional reticulate body has a wire diameter of 1.2 mm, a thickness of 30 mm,
The porosity was 96%, the peel strength was 4.5 N / 5 cm, and the number of adhesion points was 4800 / m ² . Using the obtained laminated structure, the same method as in Example 1 was evaluated. As a result, the growth of the plant was also good and the roots were not penetrated. However, the sample was lifted for vertical placement evaluation assuming transport. At that time, since the peeling strength was not sufficient, the adhesion points were peeled off in some places, resulting in poor quality.

Comparative Example 3 Evaluations were made under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the width of the root-proof water-permeable sheet was 50 cm, which is the same as the width of the knitted state. still,
The obtained laminated structure has a three-dimensional reticulated body with a wire diameter of 1.2 m.
m, thickness 29 mm, porosity 96%, peel strength 1
It was 1.6 N / 5 cm and the number of adhesion points was 5200 pieces / m ² . Using the obtained laminated structure, the same method as in Example 1 was evaluated. As a result, the growth of the plant was also good, the vertical penetration was also good, assuming no root penetration, but the construction was carried out on site. Since there is a gap in the overlapping part at that time, the root penetrates as it is and there is a concern that it will affect the damage to the building structure.

[0028]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the filling ability of soil required for a planting base used for a method of growing plants on a rooftop or the like which is waterproofed in a building structure, and the growth of plants by securing voids. , Soil stability using root entanglement associated with plant root growth, morphological stability during transportation, on-site workability, root control performance that can reduce damage to building structures, and excess water discharge function It is possible to provide a base structure for growing a green plant, which is provided in a suitable manner.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a method for measuring peel strength in the present invention.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A water-permeable coefficient of 1 × is provided on one surface of a three-dimensional network body in which a large number of thermoplastic resin filaments form a random loop, and at least a part of the contact points of the filaments are fused.
A root structure water-permeable sheet of 10 ^-4 to 1 × 10 ^-1 cm / s is adhered, which is a base structure for growing green plants, and at least one end face of the base structure has a length of the root-permeable water-permeable sheet. Two
A base structure for growing greenery plants, which has an unbonded portion of -20 cm. 2. The base structure for growing a green plant according to claim 1, wherein the peel strength between the three-dimensional net body and the root-permeable water-permeable sheet is 4.9 N / 5 cm or more. 3. The base structure for growing a green plant according to claim 1, wherein the number of adhesion points between the three-dimensional net body and the root-permeable water-permeable sheet is 2000 to 16000 pieces / m ² . 4. The three-dimensional network body has a multilayer structure in which at least two filament random loop assembly layers are fused in the thickness direction, and the three-dimensional network body according to claim 1. Base structure for growing green plants.