JP2003251207A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher which can perform crushing simultaneously by using many crushing vessels housing crushing medium and materials to be crushed. <P>SOLUTION: A crushing apparatus is provided with a tilted axis portion 11 which inclines and is eccentric to a rotary shaft 8, and an annular body 15 which rotates relative to the tilted axis portion 11. The rotation of the annular body 15 is restrained by attraction force between a magnet 16 and a counter magnet 18. The crushing vessels 30 each of which contains materials to be crushed and the crushing medium are respectively housed in many vessel hold holes 50 formed in a vessel holder 22 attached to an annular support 20 provided in the annular body 15. When the rotary shaft 8 is rotated by the motor 5, and crushing vessel 30 reciprocates to vibrate like the shape of a character of 8, i.e., a crushing operation which makes the crushing vessel 30 function as a mortar and the crushing medium as a pestle. Thereby, the materials to be crushed are crushed efficiently. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus for crushing plant tissues, seeds, animal tissues, microorganisms, molds, plastic materials, mineral materials and the like for chemical analysis / fractionation separation. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to chemically analyze and fractionally separate the above various materials, the materials must first be uniformly crushed. As a conventional efficient crusher, by causing the crushing container to revolve and rotate at the same time, the crushing medium consisting of the crushed material and the micro beads contained in the crushing container is moved in three dimensions, and the crushing target is crushed. A "planetary mill" is known, which crushes by crushing by compression and rotation by collision of a crushing medium with an object.

Further, the applicant of the present invention has previously proposed Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-367.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 32, No. 32, as a cell crushing device for screening substance-producing bacteria such as yeast and bacteria and producing cells, fine beads made of glass or ceramics are housed in a crushing container together with an object to be crushed. We have proposed a method of crushing in a short time by repeating high-speed rotation in the shape of a square and repeating efficient collision between micro beads and cells.

Further, the present applicant has filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-104.
No. 343, etc., an efficient crushing medium acts like a pestle and a crushing container acts like a mortar by accommodating a single crushing medium and an object to be crushed in a crushing container and applying vibration in a figure 8 shape. We propose various crushing methods and devices.

[0005]

As a crushing apparatus, it is required to crush the object to be crushed more efficiently,
There is a demand for a crushing device capable of performing high-speed and fine crushing and simultaneously crushing a large number of objects to be crushed.

The above-mentioned crushing device by the applicant can set a plurality of crushing containers containing the objects to be crushed in the crushing device at the same time, but it is demanded that more crushing containers can be processed simultaneously. There is.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a crushing apparatus in which a large number of crushing containers containing a crushed object are set so that crushing processing can be performed simultaneously.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To achieve the above object, the present invention stores a crushing medium and an object to be crushed in an elongated crushing container, and oscillates the crushing container at high speed to reciprocate the object to be crushed. A crushing device for crushing, comprising: a container housing part having a plurality of openings for housing the crushing container respectively formed on a plurality of concentric circles; and a container holding part for holding a crushing container inserted in the opening part. The container holder is detachably attached to a vibrating device that applies vibration to reciprocally move the crushing container in the axial center direction and the direction intersecting with the crushing container. Since a plurality of openings are formed on each of a plurality of concentric circles, a large number of crushing containers containing a crushing medium and a crushed object are inserted into the openings and held by a container holder, and a large number of crushing containers Housed in And the crush material can be simultaneously crushing.

In the vibrating device having the above-described structure, the rotary shaft driven to rotate by the drive source is provided with the inclined shaft portion whose axis is inclined with respect to the axis, and the inclined shaft portion is rotatable relative to the annular body. And an elastic restraint means for elastically restraining the rotation of the annular body, and a container holder is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the annular body so that the crushing container is held in a posture parallel to the axis of the annular body. By providing the annular holder, the crushing container is reciprocally oscillated in the shape of a figure of eight, which is a combination of a main reciprocating movement in a relatively long process in the axial direction and a sub reciprocating movement in a relatively short process in a direction orthogonal thereto. Therefore, the crushing medium contained in the crushing container collides with the bottom of the crushing container while rotating relative to each other, the crushing container acts as a mortar, the crushing medium acts like a pestle, and the object to be crushed is plant tissue or animal tissue, Effective even with mineral materials It can be crushing to.

The vibrating device is constructed by decentering the axis of the rotary shaft or the inclined shaft portion from the rotary axis, so that the reciprocating vibration in the shape of a figure 8 is subjected to the eccentric run-out motion, so that the crushing is more effective. The efficiency can be improved.

In the above structure, the container accommodating portion is formed of a material having a low thermal conductivity, so that the heat in the crushing device is suppressed from being transferred to the crushing container, and the crushed object is deteriorated due to the temperature rise. Can be prevented.

Further, since the container accommodating portion is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity, the heat of the crushed object generated by the crushing can be radiated to the container accommodating portion. When the cooling means for cooling the arranged space is provided, the container housing portion is cooled, and the temperature rise of the crushed object due to crushing can be suppressed.

In the container holder, a disc having a plurality of holes through which the crushing container can be passed corresponding to the plurality of openings formed in the container accommodating portion is provided with a hole at the center of the opening. Is arranged on the container accommodating portion so as to be rotatable between a position for taking in and out where the centers of the holes coincide with each other, and a crushing position where an intermediate portion of the adjacent holes coincides with the center of the opening, and the opening is provided at the crushing position. The crushing container inserted into the container can be pressed and fixed so that the disk is rotated to the loading / unloading position, the crushing container is inserted into the opening of the container housing, and the disk is rotated to the crushing position. Then, the crushing container can be crushed by pressing and fixing the crushing container with the disk. After the crushing is completed, the disk is rotated to the position for taking in and out, and the crushing container in which the crushed object is crushed can be taken out.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention.
The embodiments described below are examples of embodying the present invention and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a base plate 3 is supported by a vibration-proof rubber 4 on a box-shaped casing 2 accommodating a motor 5 and a controller, and a motor 5 (driving means) hangs down on the base plate 3. The output shaft is supported by a bearing portion 7 provided on the base plate 3 and is connected to a rotary shaft 8 rotatably supported around a vertical axis.

The rotating shaft 8 is rotatably supported by a pair of bearings 10 of the bearing portion 7, and its upper portion extends above the bearing portion 7. A tilt shaft body 11 is fitted to the upper part of the rotary shaft 8 in a state where the shaft center is tilted at an angle θ with respect to the shaft center, and a nut screwed to the upper end of the rotary shaft 8 via a tilt ring 12. It is pressed and fixed at 13.

An annular body 15 is mounted on the outer periphery of the inclined shaft body 11 via a bearing 14 so as to be relatively rotatable. A magnet 16 is attached to the annular body 15, and a counter pole magnet 18 is attached to a support column 17 fixed so as to face the magnet 16. When the rotating shaft 8 and the tilt shaft body 11 are rotated by the attraction force of the magnet 16 and the counter magnet 18, the rotation of the annular body 15 that follows the rotation shaft 8 is blocked, and the ring body is rotated with the rotation of the tilt shaft body 11. 15 is configured to perform a wobbling motion. It should be noted that the magnet 16 is the annular holder 20.
By providing the counter pole magnets 18 at a plurality of locations on the circumference of the circle and facing the respective magnets 16, it is possible to more reliably perform the action of preventing the eccentric ring-shaped body 15 from rotating.

An annular holder 2 provided on the annular body 15
A ring-shaped container holder 22 is attached to the container 0, and a large number of container accommodating holes 50 are respectively formed on the two concentric circles in the container holder 22 in a posture parallel to the axis of the annular body 15. A large number of crushing containers 30 are accommodated in the container accommodating holes 50, and the lid 31 of the crushing container 30 accommodated is placed on the annular holding body 20 and a pressing plate for pressing the upper surface of the crushing container 30 to fix the crushing container 30. 23 is configured to be fastened and fixed by a fixing knob 25 screwed into a screwing portion 15a formed on the upper portion of the annular body 15.

With this structure, the crushing containers 30 are put in the container receiving holes 50 of the container holder 22, the pressing plate 23 is placed so as to press the crushing containers 30, and the fixing knob 25 is attached to the threaded portion 15a of the annular body 15. Crushing can be started by screwing. Further, even after the crushing is completed, by removing the fixing knob 25 and removing the pressing plate 23, all the crushing containers 30 can be taken out, and the crushing container 30 can be easily attached and detached. The crushing container 30 has various sizes and is not limited to this loading / unloading method, and a configuration corresponding to the shape size of the crushing container 30 can be applied.

FIGS. 3A and 3B show the annular holder 20.
The container holder 22 and the pressing plate 23 are shown as a plan view (a) and a side view (b) in a state in which the fixing knob 25 is removed. Each container accommodating a plurality of containers formed on two concentric circles of the container holder 22. Corresponding to the hole 50, the pressing plate 23 is formed with a container insertion hole 52 having a diameter through which the lid 31 of the crushing container 30 can easily pass. As shown in FIG. 4, the pressing plate 23 has a plurality of gourd-shaped fixing holes 51 and rotating holes 54, each of which has a large-diameter hole and a small-diameter hole connected to each other on a concentric circle near the center. As shown in FIG. 3A, a threaded portion 25 a of a fixing knob 25 that is screwed into a mounting boss 24 provided on the annular holder 20 passes through the fixing hole 51, and a large diameter hole is formed in the rotating hole 54. It is fixed to the annular holding body 20 through a shaft body having a collar portion having a diameter smaller than the diameter of.

When the crushing container 30 is set in the container holder 22, the pressing plate 23 can be rotated by loosening the fixing knob 25. Therefore, as shown in FIG. When 52 are made to coincide with each other, the pressing plate 23 falls on the annular holding body 20, so that the crushing container 30
Is inserted into the container receiving hole 50 through the container insertion hole 52.
After accommodating the crushing containers 30 in the respective container accommodating holes 50, the pressing plate 23 is lifted from the annular holder 20 so that the space between the container inserting holes 52 is positioned on the lid 31 of the crushing container 30. When the pressing plate 23 is rotated with the fixing knob 25 and the pressing plate 23 is fixed, the pressing plate 23 presses the lid 31 of the crushing container 30 and a large number of crushing containers 30 are simultaneously fixed.

Since the container holder 22 having the above-mentioned structure is made of resin and has a small thermal conductivity and serves as an adiabatic wall, heat generated by the operation of the apparatus is crushed.
The heat transfer to 0 is suppressed, and the crushed object is suppressed from being deteriorated by heat. In addition, when the inner case 29 is cooled or the cooling air is fed into the inner case 29, the container holder 22 is cooled by being made of a material such as aluminum which is lightweight and has a high thermal conductivity, and the heat generated at the time of crushing is used. It is possible to prevent the material to be crushed from being altered.

The crushing container 30, as shown in FIG.
It consists of an elongated cylindrical container with a screw 30a on the outer periphery of its opening.
Is formed, and the mounting spherical portion 35 is formed on the bottom,
The lid 31 is screwed into the opening so as to be hermetically sealed. An annular seal portion 31 a fitted to the inner circumference of the opening of the crushing container 30 is formed on the inner circumference of the lid 31. The crushing container 30 has 2 pieces depending on the material and amount of the crushed object.
An annular holding body 2 having a volume of 50 ml to 50 ml is used.
0 is a container holder 22 corresponding to the size of the crushing container 30.
The one provided with is used.

As the material of the crushing container 30, synthetic resin such as polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, and fluorine resin, metal such as stainless steel, and the one whose inner surface is coated with fluorine resin can be used. .

As shown in FIG. 6A, the crushing medium 32 accommodated in the crushing container 30 together with the object to be crushed is composed of a single member having a length L larger than the inner diameter D of the crushing container 30. In addition, a similar headed spherical projecting end portion 32a corresponding to the shape of the bottom portion of the crushing container 30 is formed at one end thereof. The other end is the annular seal portion 3 on the inner circumference of the lid 32.
The small-diameter portion 32b is formed so as not to interfere with or fit into the la 1a. Also, the outer diameter d of the crushing medium 32
Is 2 mm or less with respect to the inner diameter D of the crushing container 30, the inner diameter d
Is small, it is set to be about 1 mm or less. For example, when the capacity of the crushing container 30 is 2 ml, the inner diameter D is set to 8 mm and the outer diameter d of the crushing medium 32 is set to 7 mm.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 (b) and 6 (c),
One or a plurality of grooves 34 are radially or spirally formed in the projecting end portion 32a of the crushing medium 32 as required.

The material of the crushing medium 32 is SUS.
Magnetic stainless steel such as 430, stainless steel such as SUS304 hard stainless steel, carbon steel, titanium, tungsten, ruconia, tungsten carbide, ceramic,
Glass or a fluororesin alone or in combination can be used as appropriate.

Further, the crushing container 30 and the crushing medium 32 can be formed in the shapes shown in FIGS. 7 and 8A to 8C. In FIG. 9, a conical conical portion 33 is formed at the bottom of the crushing container 30, and accordingly, a conical protruding end 32a is formed at one end of the crushing medium 32 as shown in FIG. 8 (a). Has been done. Also, the protruding end 3
As shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the groove 34 may be formed in 2a.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 (a) to 10 (e), a frusto-conical portion 33 is formed on both the bottom of the crushing container 30 and the lid 31, and both ends of the crushing medium 32 are similar. It is also possible to form the truncated cone-shaped projecting end portion 32a and, if necessary, to form one or a plurality of radial or spiral grooves 34 over the entire length of the projecting end portion 32a and the crushing medium 32.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12A to 12E, hemispherical portions 35 are formed on both the bottom of the crushing container 30 and the lid 31, and the same hemispherical shape is formed on both ends of the crushing medium 32. It is also possible to form the projecting end portion 32a and, if necessary, to form one or a plurality of radial or spiral grooves 34 over the entire length of the projecting end portion 32a and the crushing medium 32.

The oscillating motion of the annular body 15 due to the rotation of the rotary shaft 8 and the tilt shaft body 11 becomes a figure 8 as shown in FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b). That is, as shown in FIG. 13A, when the behavior of the point a on the outer periphery of the annular body 15 at that time is taken as the reference position with the annular body 15 tilted to the right, it can be seen from the solid line state. When the rotary shaft 8 rotates 90 ° in the direction of the arrow, the annular body 15 shifts to a state of being inclined in the front-back direction of the paper surface as shown by the imaginary line, and the position corresponding to the point a during that time passes through the route b and c. Move to a point. Next, when the rotary shaft 8 further rotates 90 °, the annular body 15 shifts to the state of being inclined to the left as shown by the solid line in FIG. 13B, and the position corresponding to the point a is the path from the point c. It returns to the original point a through d. When the rotary shaft 8 further rotates 90 °, the annular body 15 shifts to a state in which the annular body 15 is inclined in the opposite direction to the front-back direction of the paper as shown by the imaginary line, and the position corresponding to the point a passes through the path e and the point f. When the rotary shaft 8 further moves 90 degrees to the original rotation position, the position corresponding to the point a returns from the point f to the original point a via the path g. Therefore, by the rotation of the rotary shaft 8, an arbitrary position on the outer peripheral portion of the annular body 15 repeats the oscillating movement in the shape of a figure 8. Further, since the tilt shaft body 11 is fitted in a state of being eccentric with respect to the rotation shaft 8, the ring-shaped body 15 and the ring-shaped holding body 20 are caused to move in the shape of a figure 8 as the tilt shaft body 11 rotates. The shake motion is repeated in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction.

In the above structure, when crushing an object to be crushed, a single crushing medium 32 having a length larger than its inner diameter and an object to be crushed are housed in an elongated crushing container 30, and this crushing container 30 is held. When the crushing container 30 is accommodated in the container holder 22 of the annular holding body 20 and fixed by the pressing plate 23 and the rotation shaft 8 is driven to rotate by the motor 5, the crushing container 30 undergoes a main reciprocating movement in a relatively long stroke in the axial direction and The oscillating reciprocating motion of the figure 8 is a combination of the sub-reciprocating motions of the relatively short strokes in the orthogonal direction, and the oscillating vibrations reciprocally in the direction intersecting with the main reciprocating motion. While maintaining a posture substantially in line with, while repeatedly rotating relative to each other, repeatedly colliding with the bottom of the crushing container 30, the crushing container 30 is a mortar, the crushing medium 3
2 acts like a pestle, and even if the object to be crushed is a large plant cell, animal tissue, plastic material, mineral material, etc., it is efficiently crushed.

In particular, the rotating shaft 8 is 1000 to 4000.
When the crushing container 30 is reciprocally oscillated at a frequency of 20 to 60 Hz by rotating the crushing container 30 at a rpm, preferably about 3000 rpm, the crushing medium 32 is effectively used in a general-purpose range in which the crushing container 30 has a capacity of about 2 to 50 cc. It acts, and the crushed object can be crushed efficiently.

Further, the crushing device is constructed by eccentricizing the shaft center of the rotary shaft 8 or the tilt shaft body 11, so that the crushing container 30 can be reciprocally oscillated in the shape of the above-mentioned figure 8 as well as in a direction intersecting with it. It vibrates due to the shake motion, and more efficient crushing of the crushed object is possible.

The bottom or both ends of the crushing container 30 are made into a frusto-conical portion 33, a hemispherical portion 35, an elliptic spherical portion or the like, and the inner surface thereof is shaped like a frusto-conical shape or a substantially hemispherical shape, and the crushing medium 32 is used. If the outer surfaces of the opposing end portions of the above are substantially the same shape, the above-mentioned mortar-pestle action can be more effectively obtained and the crushing can be performed more efficiently.

The inner diameter of the crushing container 30 and the crushing medium 32
When the difference between the outer diameters of 2 and 1 mm is set to 2 to 1 mm or less, the crushing medium 32 can surely act and can be efficiently crushed even when the crushed object is flexible.

When the crushed material is a plant or animal tissue which is liable and difficult to be cut and contains fibrous material which is hard to be crushed, the crushed material is placed in a crushing container 30 in a liquid nitrogen bath and crushed. When the object is frozen and freeze-dried in a vacuum, the material to be crushed is easily crushed, so that the material can be crushed efficiently. In the present invention, the same effect can be obtained by simply cooling with dry ice. Further, by cooling the crushing medium 32 together with the object to be crushed with liquid nitrogen or the like, heat generation during crushing can be prevented, and if the crushing medium 32 is cooled to a temperature much lower than that of the object to be crushed, the heat generation can be prevented. The effect will be remarkable.

When the crushed objects are similar animal and plant tissues, (b) and (c) of FIGS. 6 and 8 and FIGS.
Fracturing medium 3 having grooves 34 as shown in (b) to (e) of 2
By using No. 2, since the fibrous material that is difficult to be cut in the groove 34 is effectively cut even if the material to be crushed is not freeze-vacuum dried as described above, it is possible to efficiently crush. Also,
In this case, a great effect is exhibited by cooling with dry ice as described above.

When the grinding medium 32 made of titanium whose surface is polished is used, even when the object to be crushed is a hard animal tissue such as bone, the surface of the crushing medium 32 is made of, for example, DNA or RNA. It is possible to eliminate the risk that the composition remains and cross-contamination occurs during the subsequent crushing.

When the crushing medium 32 is made of a metal material such as carbon steel and the surface of which is coated with a fluorinated resin, the crushing container 30 contains a corrosive buffer solution or an extract solution. It exhibits corrosion resistance and can secure the weight necessary for its operation.

In the crushing apparatus 1 described above, the ring-shaped holder 20 is integrally attached to the ring-shaped body 15. However, the ring-shaped holder 20 is detachably attached to the ring-shaped body 15 so that the crushing containers 30 of various sizes can be obtained. Can be adapted.

[0042]

As described above, according to the present invention, since a container holder for accommodating a large number of crushing containers containing a crushable object and a crushing medium is provided, many crushable objects are crushed simultaneously. Even if the object to be crushed is difficult to crush by the crushing method in which the crushing container acts like a mortar and the crushing medium acts like a pestle, it is possible to efficiently crush.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall configuration of a crushing device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the main configuration of the crushing device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3A is a plan view and FIG. 3B is a side view showing configurations of a container holder and a pressing plate.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the configuration of a pressing plate.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the structure of a crushing container.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing various examples of a crushing medium to be combined with the crushing container of the above.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the structure of a crushing container.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing various examples of a crushing medium to be combined with the crushing container of the above.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the structure of a crushing container.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing various examples of a crushing medium to be combined with the crushing container of the above.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a crushing container.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing various examples of a crushing medium combined with the crushing container of the above.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an 8-shaped reciprocating vibration.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 crusher 5 Motor (drive means) 8 rotation axes 11 Inclined shaft 15 ring 16 magnets 18 counter magnets 20 annular holder 22 Container holder 23 Press plate 30 crushing container 50 container hole 51 fixing hole 52 Container insertion hole 54 rotation hole

Front page continuation (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) C12M 1/33 C12M 1/33 G01N 1/28 G01N 33/48 P 33/48 1/28 TF term (reference) 2G045 AA28 AA29 AA31 BA13 BB16 CB01 CB20 CB21 HA14 JA07 2G052 AA18 AA35 AA36 AA37 AD32 AD34 EB08 EB13 FD08 JA07 JA15 4B029 AA15 BB01 BB08 4D063 GC01 GA02 GA04 GA07 GA04 GA07 GA04 GA07 GA04 GA07 GA04

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A crushing device for crushing an object to be crushed by accommodating a crushing medium and an object to be crushed in an elongated crushing container and oscillating the crushing container at high speed in a reciprocating manner. A container holder having a container holding part each having an opening formed on a plurality of concentric circles and a container holding part for holding the crushing container inserted in the opening, and the crushing container intersects the axial direction thereof. A crushing device, which is detachably attached to a vibrating device that applies a vibration that reciprocates in a direction. 2. A vibrating device is provided with an inclined shaft portion whose axis is inclined with respect to the axis of a rotary shaft which is rotationally driven by a drive source, and an annular body is rotatably relatively mounted on the inclined shaft. An elastic restraint means is provided that is fitted outside and elastically restrains the rotation of the annular body, and the container holder is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the annular body so that the crushing container is held in a posture parallel to the axis of the annular body. The crushing device according to claim 1, further comprising a holding body. 3. The crushing device according to claim 2, wherein the axis of the rotary shaft or the inclined shaft is eccentric from the axis of the rotary shaft. 4. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the container accommodating portion is formed of a material having a low thermal conductivity. 5. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the container accommodating portion is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity. 6. The crushing device according to claim 1, further comprising cooling means for cooling the space in which the container accommodating portion is arranged. 7. The container holding portion is a disk having a plurality of holes through which a crushing container can be passed so as to correspond to the plurality of openings formed in the container accommodating portion, and the hole is provided at the center of the opening. Is arranged on the container accommodating portion so as to be rotatable between a position for taking in and out where the centers of the holes coincide with each other, and a crushing position where an intermediate portion of the adjacent holes coincides with the center of the opening, and the opening is provided at the crushing position. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing container inserted in the crushing device can be pressed and fixed.