JP2003236496A - Treatment system for livestock byproduct and ceramic material comprising treated residue - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To incinerate a livestock byproduct including an animal dead body in an environmental pollution-free state and to effectively utilize the residual ash thereof. <P>SOLUTION: Matter to be incinerated such as the livestock byproduct is first crushed and the oils and fats component thereof is subsequently separated. The residual solid of the matter to be incinerated is charged into a swirl incinerator and incinerated using the separated oils and fats component as fuel. Further, incineration ash remaining in the incinerator or a bag filter is mixed with glass cullet to form a ceramic material for a tile, a brick, or the like, and this ceramic material is molded into an appropriate shape. By this method, a consistent system for manufacturing the tile, the brick, or the like, is constituted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carcass of an animal such as a cow, a pig, or a chicken which has been killed or dead due to a livestock by-product, for example, mad cow disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy or BSE). The present invention relates to a system for efficiently treating bones, dangerous sites that are highly likely to be infected with BSE, and their excrement.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Animals such as cows dying or slaughtered by mad cow disease are placed on a stalker or a hearth provided at the bottom of a combustion furnace, and heated mainly by an auxiliary burner to evaporate water to a dry state. , The method is taken to incinerate it.

[0003]

However, since most animals have a water content of 80 to 90%, their incineration efficiency is extremely poor. In particular, when a large number of cattle and horses die due to epidemics, the incineration capacity cannot meet the demand, and there is a problem that a suitable place for storing the carcass must be secured until the incineration.

Furthermore, the odor contained in the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace and the abnormal prion are completely odorless, detoxified, or the safe final disposal of incineration ash is required.

[0005]

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.

[0006] In the invention according to claim 1, a crusher for crushing an object to be treated such as a livestock by-product or a carcass of an animal, and a cooker for drying the crushed material obtained from the crusher under reduced pressure,
A heat exchanger that extracts heat from the exhaust steam generated by the cooker and a compressor that separates oils and fats from the residue after dehydration, and a degreasing residue after separation of oils and fats and the water discharged from the heat exchanger are incinerated. Established an incineration system for livestock by-products, consisting of a swirl combustion furnace that operates, a bag filter that captures incineration ash in the exhaust gas generated from the swirl combustion furnace, and a pottery baking furnace that uses the separated oil and fat as fuel. did.

In the invention according to claim 2, the incineration ash and the glass cullet obtained by crushing the object to be treated of a livestock by-product or animal carcass, incinerating it in a swirl combustion furnace, and obtaining it from the combustion exhaust gas through a bag filter It is intended to effectively utilize the by-product of livestock production by producing a ceramic material represented by tile or brick whose main raw material is.

In the invention according to claim 3, the incinerated ash which is the main component of the ceramic material represented by tiles or bricks includes residual ash obtained by incinerating not only animals but also its manure, chicken manure and the like. As a result, the incineration ash was effectively used.

[0009]

[Operation] After crushing the processed products such as livestock by-products and animals,
It is dehydrated by a vacuum cooker, then compressed by a screw press or the like to extract a fat content, and separated from its residue (hereinafter referred to as meat-and-bone meal). About 90% of water is squeezed out from the object to be processed after this step, and its volume is greatly reduced. This meat-and-bone meal is put into a combustion furnace and incinerated, and even if there is a large amount of death due to the aforementioned plague and batch processing is required, there is an advantage that a large storage is not required if this pressing step is performed.

Next, the waste gas (steam) generated in the cooker stroke of the object to be treated is separated into moisture and gas by a heat exchanger, and the moisture and gas containing the odor are burned through the oil-water separator. It is introduced into the furnace and burned. Therefore, even if abnormal prions remain in the water, they are completely burned at high temperature. Further, the oil and fat which is pressurized and squeezed out by a screw press or the like is used as an auxiliary fuel for the above-mentioned swirl combustion furnace or as an auxiliary fuel for a pottery firing furnace, which will be described later, and therefore is not scattered and leaked outside.

The incineration ash discharged from the combustion furnace is mixed with glass cullet, used as a ceramic material represented by tiles or bricks, and fired. Since the above-mentioned fat content is used as a fuel for this pottery firing furnace, all of the livestock by-products can be effectively used.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention having the above structure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a livestock by-product treatment and tile manufacturing system according to the present invention. The structure will be described. When an object to be treated (livestock by-product) is introduced from the hopper 1a of the crusher 1, it is pressed into small pieces and crushed. The crushed material is charged into the cooker 2 heated by steam or the like from the charging port 2a of the cooker 2, and is stirred and dried. Moreover, since the inside of the container is decompressed by the vacuum pump, the water content of the object to be treated becomes water vapor, and the water passes through the cyclone 3 and then the heat exchanger 4
Leading to. The steam cooled by the heat exchanger 4 is collected in the drain tank 5, becomes gas and water, is introduced into the swirl combustion furnace 7 described later, and is incinerated at a high temperature.

The object to be processed dehydrated in the cooker 2 is put into a press 6 having a pressing mechanism such as a screw press to separate meat-and-bone meal and fats and oils. This oil and fat component is collected in the oil and fat tank 11 and used as an auxiliary fuel for the swirl combustion furnace 7 or as a fuel for the pottery firing furnace 13 described later.

The swirl combustion furnace 7 is charged with the residue from which the oil and fat has been squeezed out by the compressor 6, that is, the meat-and-bone meal of animals or the like, through its furnace port. 90 of these processed materials
Moisture and fats are close to 100%, so the residue is 10
It is about 20%, and not many. These meat-and-bone meals are completely burned in the swirl combustion furnace 7. Soot (fly ash) becomes very fine in the incineration by the swirl combustion furnace 7. The in-furnace gas sucked from the smoke exhaust 7a by the induction blower 15 is the heat exchanger 8 and the bag filter 9.
The gas is discharged into the atmosphere via the. This gas contains almost no odor.

The incineration ash taken out from the bag filter 9 is fine particles rich in calcium component. In the present invention, these fine particles are reused as a main raw material for tiles and bricks.

The materials incinerated or melted in a general fixed bed furnace, a stoker furnace, or a rotary kiln are reused as a main raw material for tiles and bricks through a crushing process and a recrystallization process. Further, although a fluidized medium such as a fluidized bed furnace is used for burning the object to be treated, a separation step from the medium is further required. There is an advantage that no treatment or separation step is required.

On the other hand, waste glass discharged from glass manufacturing factories, processing factories, mirror processing factories and the like, and discarded glass bottles are crushed into glass powder (this glass powder is hereinafter referred to as glass cullet). An appropriate amount of this glass cullet and the incinerated ash collected from the bag filter 9 are mixed into a ceramic material represented by tiles or bricks. This is molded into a predetermined shape by the molding machine 12,
Then, it is fired in the pottery firing furnace 13. The gas exhausted from the pottery firing furnace 13 is also used as swirling flow forming air in the swirling combustion furnace 7 via the pipe 13a.

The above is the contents of the livestock by-product treatment and tile manufacturing system according to the present invention.
The manufacturing of bricks will be described.

[0020]

EXAMPLES First, livestock by-products, dead cattle, etc. are crushed by a crusher 1 and introduced into a cooker 2 to be heated and dried, and at the same time, a decompressor 10 such as a vacuum pump connected to a pipe 10a is used. The pressure inside the cooker 2 container was gradually reduced. As a result, the water vapor is sucked into the cyclone 3 and the heat exchanger 4 through the pipe 2c, the heat energy is recovered by the heat exchanger 4, and then the water vapor enters the drain tank 5 and is separated into water and gas. It was This gas and water cannot be discarded as they are, because they still have a foul-smelling odor. Therefore, the water content is pipe 5a.
Then, it was dropped into the fire of the swirl combustion furnace and incinerated at a high temperature to eliminate the odor. Further, the gas from the vacuum pump 10 was blown into the swirl combustion furnace 7 through the pipe 10a to form swirl flow forming air in the furnace. Therefore, this air is also exposed to the high temperature, and the odor disappears.

Water was evaporated from the object to be treated in the cooker 2, and the mixture of fat and oil and solid was discharged from the discharge port 2b and charged into the press 6. The solid content is pressurized by the squeezing machine 6 to extract the residual oil and fat, which is also stored in the oil and fat tank 11. The squeezed powder compressed by the compression machine 6, that is, the meat-and-bone meal was discharged from the discharge port 6a and charged into the swirl combustion furnace little by little.

In this swirl combustion furnace 7, the inner peripheral wall of the furnace is circular, and a cylindrical body 7a is erected at the center of the inner wall of the furnace up to the ceiling of the furnace so as to penetrate the furnace wall from the outside of the furnace. The flame from the auxiliary burner 7b installed in the furnace is blown into the cylindrical space between the cylinder and the inner peripheral wall, and the air from the air nozzle tangentially attached to the inner wall of the furnace also passes through the furnace wall from the outside of the furnace. It burns on the swirling flow that occurs. The oil and fat stored in the oil and fat tank 11 is used as the fuel supplied to the auxiliary burner. The meat-and-bone meal introduced into the swirl combustion furnace burns in the swirl flow in the furnace. The incineration ash of meat-and-bone meal is mixed in the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by this combustion, and is sucked by the induced air blower 15 to pass through the cylindrical body 7a, reach the heat exchanger 8, and then heat energy, and then the bag filter 9. The incinerated ash was collected.

As described above, the meat-and-bone meal is incinerated by the swirling combustion furnace, and the incineration ash collected by the bag filter is free from inclusion of foreign matters such as sand.
%, K ₂ O is 5 to 10%, P ₂ O ₅ is 10 to 20%, C
1 was 1 to 2%, Na was 1 to 2%, and other components, and the particle diameter was 5 to 7 μm on average, which was almost homogeneous.

[0024] Such incinerated ash, or incinerated ash obtained by crushing and recrystallizing by another incineration method and arranging a mesh 1
50 to 1 parts of cullet which is waste glass with respect to 00 parts by weight
50 parts by weight were mixed to obtain a ceramic material typified by tiles or bricks, and water was added to the mixture to mold it into a tile or brick shape by a molding machine 12. Then, this was dried and cured, and then fired in a pottery firing furnace 13. In this case, the firing temperature was 850 to 950 ° C. and the firing time was 1 to 2 hours. Even if the cattle such as the above-mentioned deaths were affected by abnormal prions, the incineration ash was completely killed by burning for a long time at such a high temperature, and the tile itself became completely safe.

Next, chicken manure as a livestock by-product was treated by applying the apparatus of the present invention. Since this chicken dung has a relatively low water content, it was directly incinerated in the swirling combustion furnace 7 without using a cooker. By this incineration, the inorganic substances contained in the chicken manure fall to the bottom of the cylindrical combustion space, but the incineration ash captured by the bag filter has CaO of 30-4.
0%, K ₂ O is 20 to 30%, P ₂ O ₅ is 15 to 25
%, SO ₃ was 5 to 10%, and other components.

50 to 150 parts by weight of glass cullet is mixed with 100 parts by weight of this incinerated ash, and water is added to this to make a ceramic material typified by tiles or bricks, which is molded into a predetermined shape. After curing in the same manner as above, it was baked.

Incinerator ash 1 obtained by separately incinerating rice husks in the swirl combustion furnace 7 and collecting the bag husks by a bag filter
100 parts by weight of the above-mentioned chicken manure incinerated ash (100 parts by weight) is further mixed with 60-100 parts by weight of ground blast furnace slag, and water is added to the mixture to prepare a ceramic material typified by tiles or bricks. It was molded into a shape. 160 after subsequent curing
The hydrothermal reaction was carried out for 2 to 3 hours in an autoclave at around ℃.

Various physical properties of the tile obtained as described above are shown in Tables 1 and 2. In addition, the tiles in the table are those in which the particle size of the incinerated ash of meat-and-bone meal is smaller than 7 μm and the mixture is molded and fired. The tile is made by mixing cullet with chicken dung incinerated ash and then baked, and the tile is made by mixing chicken dung incinerated ash and rice husk incinerated ash with blast furnace slag and autoclaving after forming.

[0029]

[Table 1]

[0030]

[Table 2]

[0031]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The livestock by-product treatment and tile manufacturing system according to the present invention is applied to the livestock by-product treatment which often causes pollution such as generation of odor. It is an effective system from the viewpoint of resource saving and energy saving because it is an integrated system that uses the recovered materials such as incineration ash and fly ash effectively by incinerating the components as a combustion improver.

In a ceramic material represented by tiles or bricks obtained from this system, the particle size of incinerated ash to be used and the content of glass cullet can be appropriately selected to obtain water absorption, water permeability, etc. It can be imparted with properties and can be made into a water resistant tile by using a glaze, so that it has a wide range of uses. Moreover, tiles and bricks can be said to be a harmless, stable and rational treatment method even if they are discarded as they are after they are used as final products.

In the livestock by-product treatment and tile manufacturing system, when mortality frequently occurs due to an infectious disease or the like and the incineration capacity is exceeded, the cooker 2 and the press 6 separate water and fat from solids. It is possible to store each of them separately in this state, which can reduce the space required for storage.

As is clear from the above description, when livestock by-products such as animals are treated, all of them are incinerated and used for tiles or bricks, which not only prevents pollution but also effectively uses resources. .

Gas containing malodor and pathogens generated during incineration of livestock by-products including animal carcasses is blown as air necessary for swirling flow formation in the furnace, resulting in the malodor and pathogens. Sterilized and deodorized by high temperature combustion. This is the greatest merit of incorporating a swirl furnace in this system.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a livestock by-product treatment and tile manufacturing system according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 crusher 2 cookers 3 cyclones 4 heat exchanger 5 drain tank 6 Pressing machine with pressing mechanism such as screw press 7 Swirl combustion furnace 8 heat exchanger 9 Bug filter 10 vacuum pump 11 oil tank 12 molding machine 13 Pottery firing furnace 14 Push blower 15 induction blower 16 Oil-water separator 17 Vacuum tank

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F23G 5/033 F23G 7/00 C 5/32 7/05 N 7/00 F26B 5/04 7/05 B09B 3/00 303Z // F26B 5/04 ZABZ (71) Applicant 000247535 Mori Plant Co., Ltd. 2-3-3 Showa-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka (72) Inventor Mikio Kusaka 3-1-1 Fukusaki, Minato-ku, Osaka No. 201 Inside Oshima Shipyard Co., Ltd. (72) Hirokazu Nagatomi 3-1-1 Fukusaki Minato-ku, Osaka City No. 201 Inside Oshima Shipyard Co., Ltd. (72) Ryoichi Fujita 5-2-141 Tatsunan, Ikuno-ku, Osaka Within Kunugiza (72) Inventor Takatoru 2-5-8 Niihama, Tamaoka-cho, Senboku-gun, Osaka Nichinan Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tadaaki Mori 2-chome, Showa-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka Ban No. 3 stock company Mori plant in the F-term (reference) 3K061 LA02 LA06 LA11 3K065 AA23 AB03 AC11 BA05 BA10 3L113 AA06 AC23 AC68 BA02 BA38 DA06 DA26 4D004 AA04 AA18 AA37 AB01 BA02 BA03 CA03 CA04 CA13 CA14 CA28 CB13 CB15 CB28 CB31 CB43

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A crusher for crushing livestock by-products and animal carcasses, a cooker for drying the crushed material obtained from the crusher under reduced pressure, a heat exchanger for extracting heat from steam discharged from the cooker, and A compressor that separates oil and fat from the residual dehydrated product obtained by evaporating water by the cooker, a swirl combustion furnace that incinerates the degreasing residue after separation of oil and fat and the water discharged from the heat exchanger, and the swirl combustion furnace A system for treating livestock by-products, comprising a bag filter for capturing incinerated ash in exhaust gas generated from the above, and a pottery firing furnace using the separated oil and fat as an auxiliary fuel. 2. An incinerator ash and glass cullet obtained by crushing livestock by-products and animal carcasses, incinerating them in a swirling combustion furnace, and passing through a bag filter from the combustion flue gas are the main raw materials. Ceramic materials represented by tiles or bricks. 3. The tile according to claim 2, wherein the incineration ash that is the main component of the ceramic material typified by tile or brick is residual ash of an incinerator that burns animal or chicken manure. Ceramic materials represented by bricks.