JP2003231889A - Fuel oil composition - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel oil composition which gives low loads to environments, has good stability, low temperature flowability, and combustibility, and has a high calorific value. <P>SOLUTION: This fuel oil composition comprises ≥70 vol.% of a direct desulfurized gas oil having a density of ≥0.880 and 90 to 900 ppm of a flowability-improving agent, and has a density of >0.8762, a sulfur content of ≤0.1 wt.%, a cold filter plugging point of ≤0°C, and a pour point of ≤-10°C. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel oil composition, and more specifically, it has excellent fluidity at low temperatures and good flammability.
The present invention also relates to a fuel oil composition having a low environmental load.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as an internal combustion fuel and an external combustion fuel, there has been a demand for a fuel oil composition which has a high calorific value, good low-temperature fluidity, flammability and stability, and has a low environmental load. ing. Generally, there are kerosene, light oil, heavy fuel oil A, heavy fuel oil C, etc. as the fuel oil for internal combustion and external combustion, and they are used properly according to their applications. Since kerosene has a very low sulfur content, nitrogen content and residual carbon content, it has a low environmental load and is usually suitable for use in household heating equipment.
However, since the calorific value is low, the calorific value is insufficient for use in applications requiring a further calorific value. Further, light oil has a low environmental load, has good flammability, and is suitably used as fuel oil for diesel engines. However, it cannot be said that the calorific value is sufficiently high. On the other hand, when the calorific value is adjusted to be high, the low temperature fluidity is often poor. In addition, heavy fuel oil A is excellent in terms of stable supply and has a higher calorific value than kerosene, so it is suitable for use in small boilers, diesel engines, etc. There is a need for fuel oil compositions having.

Various methods have been proposed as methods for improving the heat generation amount of heavy oil A. For example, by increasing the mixing ratio of the base material of the high boiling fraction, or by catalytically cracking light gas oil (LCO;
It is a method to increase the mixing ratio of light cyclic oil). However, in the former case, the high boiling point fraction of the straight-distillation base material contains a large amount of paraffin, so the low-temperature fluidity of the final product may decrease, and in the latter case, ignition defects may occur during use, soot, etc. Poor combustion may occur.

[0004] Further, there is C heavy oil as a fuel oil having a heating value higher than that of A heavy oil, but because of its high viscosity, heating equipment is required, and it is inconvenient to handle, and sulfur content, nitrogen content, residual There is a problem that the carbon content becomes high and the environmental impact is great.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Under the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention provides a fuel oil composition having a low environmental load, good stability, low temperature fluidity and combustibility, and a higher calorific value than before. It is intended to provide.

[0006]

The inventors of the present invention have conducted various studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, the clogging point is 0.
90 to 900 containing 70% by volume or more of a direct desulfurization gas oil fraction having a density of 0.880 or higher and a fluidity improver (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "FI").
A fuel oil composition containing ppm, having a density of 0.87
It has been found that a fuel oil composition having a sulfur content of more than 62, a sulfur content of 0.1% by weight or less, a clogging point of 0 ° C or less, and a pour point of -10 ° C or less achieves the above object, and the present invention is achieved. It has been completed.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The fuel oil composition of the present invention must contain 70% by volume or more of a direct desulfurization gas oil fraction having a clogging point higher than 0 ° C. and a density of 0.880 or more. And The direct desulfurized gas oil means a gas oil fraction obtained when the residual oil obtained by fractionating crude oil by an atmospheric distillation device is desulfurized by a direct desulfurization device. Incidentally, if necessary, by mixing 0 to 30% by volume of catalytically cracked light gas oil (LCO) with the residual oil, the desulfurization load of the direct desulfurization unit is reduced, and the density of the obtained gas oil fraction is improved. Is possible. Next, the direct desulfurization device refers to a device for hydrodesulfurizing atmospheric distillation residue oil at high temperature and high pressure in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst used here is not particularly limited as long as it is a commonly used hydrodesulfurization catalyst, and a Co-Mo based catalyst, a Ni-M catalyst is used.
Examples thereof include o-based catalysts, Ni-W-based catalysts and Ni-Co-Mo-based catalysts. The reaction conditions include a reaction temperature of 350 to 4
50 ° C., reaction pressure 20 to 200 kg / cm ² , hydrogen / oil ratio 200 to 2000 Nl / l, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV)
The range of 0.5 to 5 hr ^-1 is preferable. In the present invention, by using the direct desulfurized gas oil fraction as a base material, high density, high calorific value and high combustibility are secured.

In the present invention, it is essential that the clogging point of the direct desulfurization gas oil fraction is higher than 0 ° C. Clog point is 0 ° C
If it is below, a sufficient amount of heat generation cannot be obtained. From this viewpoint, the clogging point is more preferably 3 ° C. or higher.
It is essential that the density of the direct desulfurization gas oil fraction is 0.880 or more. If it is less than 0.880, a sufficient calorific value cannot be obtained. Other properties of the direct desulfurized gas oil fraction are not particularly limited, but as the distillation properties, the initial boiling point is 225 to 260 ° C and the 10% distillation temperature is 250 to 2
80 ° C, 50% distillation temperature is 300 to 340 ° C, 90% distillation temperature is 345 to 385 ° C, and end point is 360 to 405 ° C.
Is preferred. By having these distillation properties, the effect of adding FI becomes excellent, and high stability can be secured. Further, the viscosity of the direct desulfurized gas oil fraction at 50 ° C. is preferably in the range of 3.3 to 5.5 mm ² / sec. If it is 3.3 mm ² / sec or more, it is easy to secure the density required for the final product, and if it is 5.5 mm ² / sec or less, flammability,
This is because it is preferable from the viewpoint of handleability.

The composition of the direct desulfurized gas oil fraction is not particularly limited as long as the above essential requirements are satisfied, but the saturated content is 40 to 70% by volume and the aromatic content is 30 to.
It is preferably 60% by volume and the olefin content is 1% by volume or less. This is because having these compositions has the advantages of excellent combustibility, calorific value, and stability. From the above viewpoint, it is preferable that the saturated content is 50 to 60% by volume, the aromatic content is 40 to 50% by volume, and the olefin content is 0.5% by volume or less.

The fuel oil composition of the present invention must contain 70% by volume or more of the direct desulfurized gas oil fraction. This is because if the fraction is less than 70% by volume, the properties required for the fuel oil composition as the final product cannot be obtained. From this viewpoint, the preferred content of direct desulfurized gas oil is 80
It is more than 90% by volume, and more than 90% by volume. In the fuel oil of the present invention, various base materials used for fuel oil can be used as components other than the above direct desulfurization gas oil fraction within a range not impairing the object of the present invention. Specifically, a desulfurized kerosene fraction (DK), a desulfurized light oil fraction (DGO) obtained by desulfurizing a straight-run light oil, a dewaxed light oil (DWGO), a catalytically cracked light gas oil (LCO), or a desulfurized catalytically cracked light oil. Light oil or the like can be used, and these fractions can be appropriately mixed and used. Furthermore, these can be used after being hydrotreated, and the fraction further fractionated by distillation can also be used.

Next, the fuel oil composition of the present invention must contain 90 to 900 ppm of a fluidity improver.
This is because if it is within this range, sufficient low-temperature fluidity of the fuel oil composition can be obtained and other physical properties are not adversely affected. From this viewpoint, the content of the fluidity improver is 180
˜650 ppm is more preferred. The fluidity improver is not particularly limited as long as it improves the low temperature fluidity of the fuel oil composition, but is mainly composed of an ethylene / vinyl copolymer or a monofatty acid ester of trisamine / ethylene / propylene copolymer. Those that do are preferred.

When the fuel oil composition of the present invention is used as a fuel for internal combustion, it preferably has a cetane index of 45 or more. This is because if the cetane index is 45 or more, flammability is ensured, which is preferable. From this viewpoint, the cetane index is preferably 50 or more.
In addition, in the fuel oil composition of the present invention, a cetane number improver can be added if necessary. Further, it is essential that the fuel oil composition of the present invention has a density greater than 0.8762. This is for ensuring a sufficient amount of heat generation per unit volume, and by doing so, the carbon monoxide emission amount per unit volume can be reduced, and the environmental load can be reduced. Furthermore, it is also preferable from the viewpoint of the light oil transaction tax. The density of the fuel oil composition is more preferably 0.8800 or more from the viewpoint of heat generation and reduction of environmental load.

The sulfur content of the fuel oil composition is 0.
It is essential that the content is 1% by weight or less. By setting the sulfur content to 0.1% by weight or less, the amount of sulfur oxides when burned can be reduced, and the environmental load can be reduced. From the viewpoint of reducing the environmental load, the sulfur content is further preferably 0.08% by weight or less. Furthermore, it is essential that the fuel oil composition of the present invention has a clogging point of 0 ° C. or lower. This is to obtain good low temperature fluidity. From this viewpoint, the clogging point is more preferably −5 ° C. or lower. Further, it is essential that the pour point of the fuel oil composition of the present invention is −10 ° C. or lower. A pour point of −10 ° C. or lower is advantageous in terms of low temperature fluidity. From this viewpoint, the pour point is more preferably −15 ° C. or lower.

The fuel oil composition of the present invention preferably contains 0.1% by weight or less of residual carbon. When the residual coal is 0.1% by weight or less, it is preferable in terms of sludge suppression and stability of the fuel oil composition. From this viewpoint, the residual coal is 0.05% by weight.
The following is more preferable. Here, the residual coal is JIS K
10% residual coal measured according to 2270. The fuel oil composition of the present invention may contain a residual carbon source, if necessary. Specifically, a residual coal source such as catalytic cracking residual oil, atmospheric distillation residual oil, desulfurized atmospheric distillation residual oil, vacuum distillation residual oil, and extract is added within a range of 0.2% by volume or less. can do. Further, the fuel oil composition of the present invention has a viscosity at 50 ° C. of 1.0 mm ² / sec.
The above is preferable. The viscosity is 1.0 mm ² / s
When it is ec or more, the constraints of the pump, the engine, etc. can be satisfied. From this viewpoint, the viscosity is more preferably 1.8 mm ² / sec or more.

[0015]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Measurement method 1) Cetane index The cetane index was measured according to JIS K 2204-1992. 2) Density Measured according to JIS K 2249. 3) Kinematic viscosity Measured according to JIS K 2283. 4) Clogging point Measured according to JIS K 2288. 5) Pour point Measured according to JIS K 2269. 6) 10% residual coal Measured according to JIS K 2270.

Evaluation method 1) Low temperature fluidity ◎ Clog point is -5 ° C or lower and pour point is -1.
5 ° C or less ◯ Clogging point is 0 ° C or less and pour point is -10
℃ or less × Clog point exceeds 0 ℃ or pour point is -10 ℃
2) Flammability ◎ Cetane index 50 or more 〇 Cetane index 45 or more × cetane index less than 45 3) Environmental load ◎ Density 0.880 or more and sulfur content 0.08 wt% or less 〇 Density 0. Over 8762 and sulfur content 0.1
When weight% or less x density is 0.8762 or less or sulfur content exceeds 0.1% by weight

Example 1 Direct desulfurization gas oil fraction A (D having the properties shown in Table 1
A fuel oil composition was prepared by adding 100 ppm by weight of a commercially available fluidity improver to 100% by volume of SGO-A), and the low temperature fluidity, flammability and environmental load were measured.
The results are shown in Table 2.

Examples 2 and 3 A fuel oil composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of the fluidity improver was as shown in Table 2.
The flammability and environmental load were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 1 The low temperature fluidity, flammability and environmental load were measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the fluidity improver was not added. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Examples 2 and 3 A fuel oil composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the addition amount of the fluidity improver was as shown in Table 2, and the low temperature fluidity and
The flammability and environmental load were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 4 90% by volume of direct desulfurized gas oil A (DSGO-A) and 10% by volume of desulfurized kerosene (DK) were mixed to prepare a fuel oil composition, and low temperature fluidity, flammability and environmental load Was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 5 Direct desulfurization gas oil fraction B (D having the properties shown in Table 1
The fuel oil composition consisting of 100 parts by volume of SGO-B) was measured for low temperature fluidity, flammability and environmental load. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0023]

[Table 1] * 1 Converted from kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C.

[0024]

[Table 2]

[0025]

[Table 3]

[0026]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The fuel oil composition of the present invention can provide a fuel oil composition having a low environmental load, good stability, low-temperature fluidity and combustibility, and a higher calorific value than before. .

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A fuel oil composition containing 70% by volume or more of a direct desulfurization gas oil fraction having a clogging point higher than 0 ° C. and a density of 0.880 or more and a fluidity improver of 90 to 900 ppm. Which has a density of more than 0.8762, a sulfur content of 0.1% by weight or less, and a clogging point of 0.
A fuel oil composition having a pour point of -10 ° C or lower and -10 ° C or lower. 2. The fuel oil composition according to claim 1, which further has a cetane index of 45 or more. 3. The direct desulfurization gas oil fraction has a clogging point of 3
The fuel oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fuel oil composition has a temperature of not less than ° C. 4. The fuel oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the direct desulfurization gas oil fraction has a kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C. of 3.3 to 5.5 mm ² / sec. . 5. The content of the fluidity improver is 180 to 6.
It is 50 ppm, The fuel oil composition in any one of Claims 1-4. 6. The fuel oil composition according to any one of claims 1 and 3 to 5, wherein the cetane index is 50 or more. 7. The fuel oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fuel oil composition has a density of 0.880 or more. The fuel oil composition described.