JP2003225647A - Storing method including process for rendering contaminated soil harmless - Google Patents
Storing method including process for rendering contaminated soil harmlessInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003225647A JP2003225647A JP2002024945A JP2002024945A JP2003225647A JP 2003225647 A JP2003225647 A JP 2003225647A JP 2002024945 A JP2002024945 A JP 2002024945A JP 2002024945 A JP2002024945 A JP 2002024945A JP 2003225647 A JP2003225647 A JP 2003225647A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- contaminated soil
- storage method
- soil
- method including
- detoxifying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 237
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 62
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 41
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 4
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- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-2,2-bis(chloromethyl)propane Chemical compound ClCC(CCl)(CCl)CCl KPZGRMZPZLOPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 CBs Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous n-heptane Natural products CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588986 Alcaligenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000032170 Congenital Abnormalities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219122 Cucurbita Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219104 Cucurbitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010060919 Foetal malformation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208818 Helianthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000736131 Sphingomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002635 aromatic organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium cyanamide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[N-]=C=[N-] MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000260 carcinogenicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007670 carcinogenicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000382 dechlorinating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004827 dibenzo-1,4-dioxins Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZJKABZNFELLAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC.CCCCCCCC ZJKABZNFELLAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、低濃度でも高い毒
性を有する汚染物質、例えばダイオキシン類を含有する
汚染土壌を無害化しつつ保管する方法と、その管理シス
テムに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for storing decontaminating soil containing pollutants having a high toxicity even at low concentrations, such as dioxins, and a management system thereof.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ダイオキシン類は、生活ごみや産業廃棄
物等を焼却炉で焼却する過程等において発生し、排ガス
や排水と共に排出され、一部は降水等により土壌等に浸
透し吸着される。ダイオキシン類は化学的に安定で分解
されにくいため、土壌等に吸着されたダイオキシン類は
殆ど変質・分解されることなく蓄積されて行く。しか
も、低濃度でも高い毒性を有し、食物連鎖によってヒト
など動物に摂取されると、その体内に蓄積されるため、
これによる発ガン性や、胎児の奇形発生など、大きな社
会問題となっている。2. Description of the Related Art Dioxins are generated during the process of incinerating domestic waste, industrial waste, etc. in an incinerator, and are discharged together with exhaust gas and waste water. Since dioxins are chemically stable and difficult to decompose, dioxins adsorbed on soil or the like accumulate without being substantially altered or decomposed. Moreover, it is highly toxic even at low concentrations, and when ingested by animals such as humans through the food chain, it accumulates in the body,
It is a major social problem such as carcinogenicity and fetal malformation.
【０００３】これまで、ダイオキシン類による汚染土壌
の処理方法として、従来から、種々の方法が開発されて
いる。これらの方法としては、物理的な封じ込めによる
方法と、物理・化学的な手段によって分解し無害化する
方法と、微生物を利用して分解し無害化する方法に大別
されるが、いずれも、次のような問題が指摘されてい
る。Up to now, various methods have been developed as a method for treating contaminated soil with dioxins. These methods are roughly classified into methods by physical containment, methods of decomposing and detoxifying by physical / chemical means, and methods of decomposing and detoxifying by utilizing microorganisms, but both are The following problems have been pointed out.
【０００４】まず、物理的な封じ込めによる方法は、汚
染領域を隔壁等の遮蔽層や非透水性シート等による密閉
空間に封じ込めて、非汚染領域から隔絶するもので、コ
スト的には、また大量処理が可能な方法としては、汚染
土壌等を掘削し、埋設、盛土により封じ込める方法が採
用されている。しかし、このような封じ込めによる方法
は、ダイオキシン類による汚染土壌を単に別の場所に移
動するだけであるため、隔離空間からの漏洩や飛散を完
全に遮断しないと、移動先で新たな環境問題を引き起こ
すおそれもある。しかもこの方法は、ダイオキシン類を
無害化するものではないため、根本的な解決策にはなら
ず、将来にわたって、大量の汚染土壌を隔離保管し続け
なければならないという問題がある。First, the physical containment method encloses the contaminated area in a closed space such as a shielding layer such as a partition wall or a water-impermeable sheet to isolate it from the non-contaminated area. As a method that can be treated, a method of excavating contaminated soil or the like, burying it, or confining it by embankment is adopted. However, such a method of containment simply moves the soil contaminated with dioxins to another place, so unless leakage or scattering from the isolated space is completely blocked, new environmental problems will occur at the destination. May cause it. Moreover, since this method does not detoxify dioxins, it is not a fundamental solution and there is a problem that a large amount of contaminated soil must be kept isolated and stored for the future.
【０００５】物理的な手段によってダイオキシン類を分
解する方法としては、溶融固化（ジオメルト）法は、地
中に設置した容器内に、汚染土壌を入れて電極を設置
し、電極に通電して土壌をジュール熱により加熱して溶
融してガラス固化し、土壌に含まれるダイオキシン類を
熱分解する溶融固化（ジオメルト）法や、汚染土壌を極
めて高い温度で燃焼する方法や、紫外線の照射によって
ダイオキシン類の脱塩素分解を行う方法等が挙げられ
る。このうち、熱による分解は、きわめて効果の高い方
法であるが、大量の土壌を処理するには不向きであり、
大量のエネルギを投入する必要があるため、設備や処理
コスト負担も膨大なものとなる。また、紫外線の照射に
よるものは、水中のダイオキシンの浄化等には適してい
るが、紫外線が届く範囲でしか分解が行われないため、
土壌に含まれるダイオキシンの分解には不向きである。As a method for decomposing dioxins by a physical means, the melt solidification (geomelt) method is a method in which a contaminated soil is put in a container installed in the ground, an electrode is installed, and the electrode is energized to apply the soil. Is heated by Joule heat to melt and solidify into glass, and the solidification (geomelt) method of pyrolyzing dioxins contained in soil, the method of burning contaminated soil at extremely high temperature, and the irradiation of ultraviolet rays to dioxins And the like. Of these, decomposition by heat is a highly effective method, but it is not suitable for treating a large amount of soil,
Since it is necessary to input a large amount of energy, the burden of equipment and processing costs becomes enormous. Also, UV irradiation is suitable for the purification of dioxins in water, etc., but since it decomposes only within the range that UV reaches,
Not suitable for decomposing dioxin contained in soil.
【０００６】化学的な手段によってダイオキシン類を分
解する方法としては、例えばアルカリ触媒化学分解（Ｂ
ＣＤ）法は、ダイオキシン類を含む土壌等の汚染媒体
に、炭酸水素ナトリウムを添加・混合して間接加熱する
ことで脱塩素分解するものである。しかし、この方法で
は、薬剤混合・投入設備、加熱反応器、ガス捕集設備、
及び捕集ガス処理設備等、大規模な処理施設が必要であ
り、かつ大量の熱エネルギを必要とするため、コスト負
担が膨大になる。As a method of decomposing dioxins by chemical means, for example, alkali-catalyzed chemical decomposition (B
The CD) method is a method of dechlorinating and decomposing by adding and mixing sodium hydrogen carbonate to a contaminated medium such as soil containing dioxins and indirectly heating. However, in this method, chemical mixing / charging equipment, heating reactor, gas collection equipment,
In addition, a large-scale treatment facility such as a collected gas treatment facility is required and a large amount of heat energy is required, resulting in an enormous cost burden.
【０００７】微生物を利用して分解し無害化する方法
は、ある種の微生物が生産する酵素によってダイオキシ
ン類を分解するものであり、原位置でしかも低コストで
処理できる手法として期待されているが、ダイオキシン
類に対する分解能力の高い微生物を、汚染土壌中で優占
化させるための条件設定と、それを維持するための操作
が難しい。[0007] A method of decomposing and detoxifying by utilizing microorganisms is to decompose dioxins by an enzyme produced by a certain kind of microorganisms, and is expected as a method that can be processed in-situ and at low cost. However, it is difficult to set conditions for predominantly using microorganisms with high decomposing ability for dioxins in contaminated soil, and to maintain them.
【０００８】また、原位置で汚染土壌を無害化処理する
場合は、周辺環境への汚染拡大を防止するため、土壌粉
塵の飛散防止のための設備をその都度構築し、かつ長期
間の環境モニタリングが必要になる。When decontaminating contaminated soil in-situ, in order to prevent the spread of pollution to the surrounding environment, a facility for preventing the scattering of soil dust is constructed each time, and long-term environmental monitoring is performed. Will be required.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上述のよう
な問題に鑑みてなされたもので、その技術的課題は、ダ
イオキシン類等による汚染土壌の処理において、将来に
わたって汚染リスクを引き継がせることなく、低エネル
ギ、低コストでダイオキシン類を無害化することにあ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its technical problem is to succeed to the contamination risk in the future in the treatment of contaminated soil with dioxins and the like. The purpose is to make dioxins harmless with low energy and low cost.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】従来の技術的課題を有効
に解決するため、本発明は、ダイオキシン類による汚染
土壌を物理的な封じ込めにより非汚染領域から隔絶する
方法を採用すると共に、将来にわたって汚染リスクを引
き継がせることなく、封じ込めの期間中に低エネルギ
で、汚染土壌を無害化するものである。すなわち請求項
１の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方法
は、遮水層により非汚染土壌から隔絶されると共に、透
光性を有する構造体で密閉状に包囲された処理空間内
に、汚染土壌を堆積保管することを特徴とする。透光性
を有する構造体を透過した太陽光、特に太陽光に含まれ
る紫外線は、ダイオキシン類等に対する光分解作用を有
するため、遮水層及び構造体内により隔絶した状態で堆
積保管される汚染土壌表面の汚染物質を分解することが
できる。In order to effectively solve the conventional technical problems, the present invention adopts a method of isolating soil contaminated by dioxins from a non-contaminated area by physical containment, and has a future prospect. It does not carry over the risk of pollution, and it makes the contaminated soil harmless with low energy during the containment period. That is, according to the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 1, in a processing space which is isolated from non-contaminated soil by a water-impervious layer and is hermetically surrounded by a translucent structure. In addition, the contaminated soil is accumulated and stored. Sunlight transmitted through a light-transmitting structure, especially ultraviolet rays contained in sunlight, has a photodegrading effect on dioxins, etc., and is therefore contaminated soil that is deposited and stored in a state in which it is isolated by the impermeable layer and the structure. Surface contaminants can be decomposed.
【００１１】請求項２の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法は、請求項１に記載の方法において、
構造体に紫外線照射装置を設け、汚染土壌に紫外線を照
射するもので、日中の晴天時は、透光性を有する構造体
を透過する太陽光中の紫外線を利用し、曇天時や夜間
は、紫外線照射装置から紫外線を照射することにより、
土壌表層のダイオキシン類等を分解する。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil, which is the method according to the first aspect.
The structure is equipped with an ultraviolet irradiation device to irradiate contaminated soil with ultraviolet rays.When the weather is fine during the daytime, the ultraviolet rays in the sunlight that passes through the structure having translucency are used. By irradiating ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation device,
Decomposes dioxins on the soil surface.
【００１２】請求項３の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法は、請求項１に記載の方法において、
汚染土壌に有機溶媒又は界面活性剤を適時に散布するこ
とにより、土壌粒子に吸着されたダイオキシン類等の汚
染物質を分離させ、土壌表層へ移動させる。The storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 3 is the method according to claim 1,
By spraying an organic solvent or a surfactant on the contaminated soil in a timely manner, contaminants such as dioxins adsorbed on the soil particles are separated and moved to the soil surface layer.
【００１３】請求項４の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法は、請求項１に記載の方法において、
汚染土壌に酸化力を有するガスを通気させることによ
り、ダイオキシン類等の汚染物質の酸化分解を促進する
ものである。酸化力を有するガスとしては、二酸化塩
素、オゾンあるいは塩素ガス等から選択される。The storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 4 is the method according to claim 1,
By aerating the polluted soil with a gas having an oxidizing power, the oxidative decomposition of pollutants such as dioxins is promoted. The oxidizing gas is selected from chlorine dioxide, ozone, chlorine gas and the like.
【００１４】請求項５の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法は、請求項１に記載の方法において、
構造体に設けた出入口にエアシャワーを設けることによ
って、処理空間の粉塵が外部へ流出するのを防止するも
のである。The storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 5 is the method according to claim 1,
By providing an air shower at the entrance provided in the structure, dust in the processing space is prevented from flowing out.
【００１５】請求項６の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法は、請求項１に記載の方法において、
汚染土壌に酸化剤を適時に散布するものである。酸化剤
は、汚染物質に対する酸化分解作用を有する。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil, wherein:
It is an application of an oxidizer to contaminated soil in a timely manner. The oxidant has an oxidative decomposition action on pollutants.
【００１６】請求項７の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法は、請求項１に記載の方法において、
汚染土壌に、汚染物質を吸収する能力を有する植物を栽
培し、所要の期間生育させた後、刈り取り又は掘り取る
ものである。植物の根の垂直方向分布は、表層付近に限
定されるが、根は分岐を繰り返して根毛を発生させるこ
とによって、大きな表面積を持ち、土壌中に拡散したダ
イオキシン類等の汚染物質を効率良く集積するのに適し
たシステムを形成する。植物体内に蓄積された汚染物質
は、植物体の所定期間の生育後、刈り取り又は掘り取り
によって、土壌から除去される。A storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 7 is the method according to claim 1,
A plant having the ability to absorb a pollutant is cultivated in a contaminated soil, and after being grown for a required period, it is cut or dug. The vertical distribution of plant roots is limited to the vicinity of the surface layer, but the roots repeatedly branch to generate root hairs, which has a large surface area and efficiently accumulates pollutants such as dioxins diffused in soil. Form a system suitable for The pollutants accumulated in the plant body are removed from the soil by cutting or digging after the plant body has grown for a predetermined period.
【００１７】請求項８の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法は、請求項１又は２に記載の方法にお
いて、汚染土壌を適時に撹拌するものである。太陽光中
の紫外線や、紫外線照射装置から紫外線による汚染物質
の分解は、土壌の表層に限定されるが、撹拌によって、
紫外線の届かない土壌下層部を表層へ移動させて紫外線
による汚染物質の分解を行うことができる。The storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 8 is the method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the contaminated soil is agitated in a timely manner. Degradation of pollutants by ultraviolet rays in sunlight and ultraviolet rays from an ultraviolet irradiation device is limited to the surface layer of soil, but by stirring,
It is possible to decompose the pollutants by ultraviolet rays by moving the lower part of the soil where ultraviolet rays do not reach to the surface layer.
【００１８】請求項９の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法は、請求項２に記載の方法において、
紫外線の波長は400nm以下とする。波長が400nm以下の紫
外線は、エネルギが大きくなり、ダイオキシン類に対す
る優れた脱塩素分解作用を奏する。A storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 9 is the method according to claim 2,
The wavelength of ultraviolet rays is 400 nm or less. Ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 400 nm or less have large energy and exert an excellent dechlorination decomposition action on dioxins.
【００１９】請求項１０の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法は、請求項１又は７に記載の方法に
おいて、汚染土壌に空気を通気させることにより、汚染
物質を吸収・分解する能力を有する植物や、汚染物質を
分解する能力を有する微生物の生育を良好にするもので
ある。The storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 10 is the method according to claim 1 or 7, wherein air is aerated through the contaminated soil to absorb and decompose the pollutants. It improves the growth of plants having the ability and microorganisms having the ability to decompose pollutants.
【００２０】請求項１１の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法は、請求項７に記載の方法におい
て、汚染土壌に栄養塩類を適時に供給するものである。
栄養塩類は、処理空間内に汚染土壌を投入する際に混ぜ
込み、浄化処理が長期に及ぶ場合には、水溶液にしたも
のを散布等の方法によって適時に追加供給することがで
きる。The storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 11 is the method according to claim 7, wherein nutrient salts are supplied to the contaminated soil in a timely manner.
The nutrient salts may be mixed when the contaminated soil is introduced into the treatment space, and when the purification treatment is to be performed for a long period of time, an aqueous solution may be additionally supplied at a suitable time by a method such as spraying.
【００２１】請求項１２の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法は、請求項７に記載の方法におい
て、土壌ｐＨをセンサにより監視し、必要に応じて汚染
土壌に中和剤を添加するものである。すなわち、植物や
土壌微生物は、酸性土壌中では著しく活性が低下するた
め、それを防止する目的で、必要に応じて中和剤を添加
し、土壌ｐＨを適正な値に保つ。A storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 12 is the method according to claim 7, wherein the pH of the soil is monitored by a sensor and a neutralizing agent is added to the contaminated soil as necessary. It is to be added. That is, since the activity of plants and soil microorganisms remarkably decreases in acidic soil, a neutralizing agent is added as necessary to prevent it, and the soil pH is maintained at an appropriate value.
【００２２】請求項１３の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法は、請求項７に記載の方法におい
て、汚染土壌から収穫した植物を非汚染土壌から隔絶し
た密閉空間内で減容化するものである。減容化は、典型
的には堆肥化によって実現される。A storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 13 is the method according to claim 7, wherein the volume of plants harvested from the contaminated soil is reduced in a closed space isolated from the non-contaminated soil. It will be transformed. Volume reduction is typically achieved by composting.
【００２３】請求項１４の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法は、請求項７に記載の方法におい
て、処理空間を、空調設備によって、植物の生育に適し
た温度に維持するものである。具体的には、処理空間の
温度は5〜35℃、好ましくは15〜25℃とする。A storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 14 is the method of claim 7, wherein the treatment space is maintained at a temperature suitable for plant growth by an air conditioning facility. Is. Specifically, the temperature of the processing space is 5 to 35 ° C, preferably 15 to 25 ° C.
【００２４】請求項１５の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法は、請求項１０に記載の方法におい
て、処理空間の空気を回収し、この空気を汚染土壌に通
気させる空気循環を行うものである。これによって、汚
染された土壌の粉塵を構造体の外部へ拡散させることな
く、土壌中への通気を行うことかできる。According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil, wherein in the method according to the tenth aspect, air in the treatment space is recovered and an air circulation is provided to ventilate the air into the contaminated soil. It is something to do. As a result, it is possible to ventilate the soil into the soil without diffusing the dust from the soil outside the structure.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の実施の形態】［第一の形態］図１は、本発明に
係る汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方法の第一の実施
の形態を示す説明図である。なお、本発明の方法は、Ｐ
ＣＢ類等、ダイオキシン類以外の汚染物質による汚染土
壌の無害化にも有効であるが、以下は、ダイオキシン類
による汚染土壌を対象として説明する。なお、ここでい
うダイオキシン類とは、コプラナーＰＣＢを含むダイオ
キシン類全般をさす。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a first embodiment of a storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the present invention. The method of the present invention is
Although it is also effective for detoxifying contaminated soil due to pollutants other than dioxins such as CBs, the following will be described for contaminated soil due to dioxins. The dioxins here refer to all dioxins including coplanar PCB.
【００２６】図１において、参照符号１は非汚染領域の
地盤２上に構築された温室構造体である。この温室構造
体１は、上層がコンクリート床板からなり下層部が粘土
ライナからなる床部１ａと、その周囲を取り囲むように
コンクリート等で構築された下部側壁１ｂと、その上に
ガラス板を気密的に組み合わせた透明側壁１ｃと、更に
その上にガラス板を気密的に組み合わせた透明屋根１ｄ
からなり、床部１ａは、地盤２の地表面レベルＧＬから
適当に掘り下げられた位置にある。また、床部１ａ及び
下部側壁１ｂと地盤２との間には、合成樹脂あるいはゴ
ムなど、遮水性の材料からなる遮水シート１ｅが設けら
れている。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a greenhouse structure constructed on the ground 2 in a non-polluted area. In this greenhouse structure 1, a floor portion 1a having an upper layer made of a concrete floor plate and a lower layer portion made of a clay liner, a lower side wall 1b constructed by concrete or the like so as to surround the periphery thereof, and a glass plate airtightly provided thereon. Transparent side wall 1c combined with the above, and a transparent roof 1d on which a glass plate is airtightly combined.
The floor portion 1a is located at a position appropriately dug down from the ground surface level GL of the ground 2. Further, between the floor portion 1a and the lower side wall 1b and the ground 2, a water blocking sheet 1e made of a water blocking material such as synthetic resin or rubber is provided.
【００２７】温室構造体１における床部１ａ上の、下部
側壁１ｂで包囲された部分は、汚染土壌保管部であり、
すなわちこの部分には、ダイオキシン類による汚染土壌
３が所定の層厚で投入堆積され保管される。The portion of the greenhouse structure 1 on the floor 1a surrounded by the lower side wall 1b is a contaminated soil storage,
That is, in this portion, the soil 3 contaminated with dioxins is loaded and accumulated in a predetermined layer thickness and stored.
【００２８】温室構造体１における透明屋根１ｄの下側
には、複数の近紫外線灯４が適当な間隔で取り付けられ
ている。近紫外線灯４は、温室構造体１における汚染土
壌保管部に堆積された汚染土壌３の表面に、ダイオキシ
ン類に対する光分解作用を奏する400nm以下の波長の紫
外線を照射するものである。Below the transparent roof 1d of the greenhouse structure 1, a plurality of near-ultraviolet lamps 4 are mounted at appropriate intervals. The near-ultraviolet lamp 4 irradiates the surface of the contaminated soil 3 accumulated in the contaminated soil storage part of the greenhouse structure 1 with ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 400 nm or less, which has a photolytic effect on dioxins.
【００２９】温室構造体１による密閉状の処理空間Ｓの
上部には、複数の噴霧ノズル５ａが適当な間隔で配置さ
れた給液管５が設けられ、その上流側の端部は、ポンプ
６を介して添加剤貯留槽７に接続されている。添加剤貯
留槽７には、有機溶媒あるいは界面活性剤が貯留され
る。有機溶媒の場合は、ジメチルスルホキシド，ジメチ
ルエーテル，エチルメチルエーテル等のエーテル類、酢
酸エチル，酢酸メチル等のエステル類、アセトン，メチ
ルブチルケトン，エチルメチルケトン等のケトン類、メ
チルアルコール，イソプロピルアルコール等のアルコー
ル類、ジオキサン，ノルマルヘキサン，ヘプタン，オク
タン等のアルカン類、１−ペンテン，１−ペンチン等の
アルケン類、ベンゼン，トルエン，キシレン等の芳香族
有機溶媒、フェノール，クロロフェノール等のフェノー
ル類から１種類乃至複数種類が選択される。また、界面
活性剤の場合は、高級脂肪酸アルカリ塩，アルキルスル
ホン酸塩に代表される陰イオン活性剤や、ポリエチレン
グリコールアルキルエーテル，脂肪酸モノグレセリドに
代表される非イオン活性剤や、アミノ酸に代表される両
性界面活性剤から１種類乃至複数種類が選択される。な
お、界面活性剤を使用するときには、必要に応じてポリ
リン酸、硫酸ナトリウム等の軟水化剤を併用する。A liquid supply pipe 5 in which a plurality of spray nozzles 5a are arranged at appropriate intervals is provided above the closed processing space S of the greenhouse structure 1, and the pump 6 is provided at the upstream end thereof. Is connected to the additive storage tank 7 via. An organic solvent or a surfactant is stored in the additive storage tank 7. In the case of an organic solvent, ethers such as dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl ether and ethyl methyl ether, esters such as ethyl acetate and methyl acetate, ketones such as acetone, methyl butyl ketone and ethyl methyl ketone, methyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol, etc. 1 from alcohols, alkanes such as dioxane, normal hexane, heptane and octane, alkenes such as 1-pentene and 1-pentine, aromatic organic solvents such as benzene, toluene and xylene, phenols such as phenol and chlorophenol A type or a plurality of types are selected. In the case of surfactants, anionic surfactants represented by higher fatty acid alkali salts and alkyl sulfonates, nonionic surfactants represented by polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers and fatty acid monogrecerides, and amino acids are represented. One or more types are selected from the amphoteric surfactant. When a surfactant is used, a water softener such as polyphosphoric acid or sodium sulfate is also used if necessary.
【００３０】温室構造体１における透明屋根１ｄには、
集塵器８が取り付けられており、その吸気口８ａが温室
構造体１内の処理空間Ｓに開口している。この集塵器８
内には、ＨＥＰＡフィルタ（High Efficiency Particul
ate Airfilter）及び活性炭（図示省略）が充填されて
おり、その下流側が、配管９を介してブロワ１０の吸気
口に接続されている。温室構造体１における床部１ａ上
の汚染土壌保管部には、多数の吐気孔（図示省略）が開
設された通気管１１が配置されており、その上流側の端
部は、配管１２を介してブロワ１０の吐出口に接続され
ている。また、この通気管１１は、汚染土壌保管部に投
入された汚染土壌３の下層部に埋設された状態となって
いる。On the transparent roof 1d in the greenhouse structure 1,
A dust collector 8 is attached, and its intake port 8a opens into the processing space S in the greenhouse structure 1. This dust collector 8
HEPA filter (High Efficiency Particul
ate Airfilter) and activated carbon (not shown) are filled, and its downstream side is connected to the intake port of the blower 10 via the pipe 9. In the contaminated soil storage section on the floor section 1a in the greenhouse structure 1, a ventilation pipe 11 having a large number of vent holes (not shown) is arranged, and an upstream end thereof is connected via a pipe 12. Is connected to the discharge port of the blower 10. Further, the ventilation pipe 11 is in a state of being buried in the lower layer portion of the contaminated soil 3 put into the contaminated soil storage unit.
【００３１】温室構造体１の側壁の一部には、作業員用
の開閉可能な出入口が設けられる。この出入口には、開
放時に処理空間Ｓからダイオキシン類を含む粉塵が温室
構造体１の外部空間へ拡散するのを防止するために、エ
アシャワー装置（図示省略）が設置されている。A part of the side wall of the greenhouse structure 1 is provided with an openable / closable doorway for workers. An air shower device (not shown) is installed at this entrance / exit in order to prevent dust containing dioxins from diffusing from the processing space S to the outside space of the greenhouse structure 1 when opened.
【００３２】以上の構成において、温室構造体１におけ
る汚染土壌保管部には、ダイオキシン類により汚染され
た汚染土壌３が搬入され、堆積保管される。温室構造体
１は密閉状であり、その床部１ａ及び下部側壁１ｂと地
盤２との間には、遮水シート１ｅが設けられているの
で、堆積保管された汚染土壌３中のダイオキシン類が温
室構造体１の外部へ漏出して汚染が拡散されることはな
い。In the above structure, the contaminated soil 3 contaminated with dioxins is carried into the contaminated soil storage section of the greenhouse structure 1, and is deposited and stored. The greenhouse structure 1 is hermetically sealed, and since the water blocking sheet 1e is provided between the floor portion 1a and the lower side wall 1b and the ground 2, the dioxin in the polluted soil 3 accumulated and stored is kept. The pollution is not diffused by leaking out of the greenhouse structure 1.
【００３３】晴れた日中は、温室構造体１における透明
屋根１ｄ及び透明側壁１ｃを透過した太陽光ＳＬ中の紫
外線によって、汚染土壌３の表面部のダイオキシン類が
光分解される。また、曇天及び雨天、あるいは南中高度
の低い冬期のように、紫外線強度が小さい場合や、夜間
は、近紫外線灯４によって人為的に紫外線を照射し、汚
染土壌３の表面部に存在するダイオキシン類の分解を行
う。During a sunny day, the dioxin on the surface of the contaminated soil 3 is photolyzed by the ultraviolet rays in the sunlight SL transmitted through the transparent roof 1d and the transparent side wall 1c of the greenhouse structure 1. Also, when the UV intensity is low, such as in cloudy weather and rainy weather, or in the winter when the south and middle altitudes are low, or at night, the near-ultraviolet lamp 4 artificially irradiates the UV light and the dioxin existing on the surface of the contaminated soil 3 Decomposes the kind.
【００３４】汚染土壌３には、ポンプ６の駆動によっ
て、添加剤貯留槽７の有機溶媒又は界面活性剤が、噴霧
ノズル５ａを介して適時に散布される。有機溶媒及び界
面活性剤は、いずれか一方でも、あるいは双方を同時に
散布しても良い。ダイオキシン類は親水性に乏しいた
め、土壌粒子に強く吸着されているが、有機溶媒又は界
面活性剤は、このようなダイオキシン類の吸着状態を解
除するものであり、これによって土壌間隙に抽出された
ダイオキシン類は、有機溶媒又は界面活性剤の気化によ
る蒸気圧や毛細管現象によって土壌表層部へ移動し、太
陽光ＳＬの紫外線や近紫外線灯４からの紫外線に曝され
て分解される。By driving the pump 6, the organic solvent or the surfactant in the additive storage tank 7 is sprayed on the contaminated soil 3 through the spray nozzle 5a in a timely manner. One of the organic solvent and the surfactant may be sprayed, or both of them may be sprayed simultaneously. Since dioxins are poorly hydrophilic, they are strongly adsorbed on soil particles, but organic solvents or surfactants release such adsorbed state of dioxins, and thus they are extracted into the soil gap. Dioxins move to the surface layer of the soil due to vapor pressure and capillary action due to vaporization of the organic solvent or the surfactant, and are exposed to the ultraviolet rays of the sunlight SL or the ultraviolet rays from the near-ultraviolet lamp 4 to be decomposed.
【００３５】また、有機溶媒又は界面活性剤を多量に散
布した場合は、汚染土壌３から抽出したダイオキシン類
は、有機溶媒又は界面活性剤と共に汚染土壌３の最下層
まで浸透する。したがって、これを床部１ａ上から図示
されていない回収手段により回収して添加剤貯留槽７へ
送り、噴霧ノズル５ａを介して霧状に散布して、その過
程で太陽光ＳＬの紫外線又は近紫外線灯４からの紫外線
によりダイオキシン類を光分解するように構成すること
もできる。When a large amount of organic solvent or surfactant is sprayed, dioxins extracted from the contaminated soil 3 permeate to the lowermost layer of the contaminated soil 3 together with the organic solvent or surfactant. Therefore, this is collected from the floor portion 1a by a collection means (not shown) and sent to the additive storage tank 7 and sprayed in the form of mist through the spray nozzle 5a, and in the process, ultraviolet rays of the sunlight SL or near It can also be configured to photolyze dioxins by the ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamp 4.
【００３６】汚染土壌３には、その下層に埋設された通
気管１１の多数の吐気孔から、ブロワ１０によって送ら
れた空気が、土壌表層へ向けて通気されている。このた
め、土壌３中に存在する好気性の微生物が活性化され、
特に、Sphingomonas属菌、Pseudomonas属菌、Terrabact
er属菌、Alcaligenes属菌、あるいは木材腐朽菌等のよ
うな、好気性のダイオキシン分解能力を有する微生物
（以下、ダイオキシン分解性微生物という）の分解活性
化によって、ダイオキシン類の分解が促進される。ま
た、これらのダイオキシン分解性微生物は、もともと汚
染土壌３中に棲息していたものを利用することができる
が、人工的に培養したものを導入しても良い。In the contaminated soil 3, the air sent by the blower 10 is ventilated toward the soil surface layer from a large number of vent holes of the ventilation pipe 11 buried in the lower layer. Therefore, aerobic microorganisms present in the soil 3 are activated,
In particular, Sphingomonas spp, Pseudomonas spp, Terrabact
The decomposition and activation of microorganisms having aerobic dioxin decomposing ability (hereinafter referred to as dioxin decomposing microorganisms) such as er genus, Alcaligenes genus, and wood-destroying bacterium accelerate the decomposition of dioxins. As for these dioxin-degrading microorganisms, those originally inhabiting the contaminated soil 3 can be used, but artificially cultured ones may be introduced.
【００３７】また、ダイオキシン類が土壌粒子に強く吸
着した状態では、ダイオキシン分解性微生物による分解
が効率良く行われない。しかしながら、本形態では、有
機溶媒又は界面活性剤の散布によって、このようなダイ
オキシン類の吸着状態が解除されるので、効率良く微生
物との接触が行われ、分解が促進される。Further, when dioxins are strongly adsorbed on soil particles, decomposition by dioxin-degrading microorganisms cannot be carried out efficiently. However, in the present embodiment, since the adsorbed state of dioxins is released by spraying the organic solvent or the surfactant, the dioxin is efficiently contacted with the microorganism and the decomposition is promoted.
【００３８】汚染土壌３中を通ってその表面から処理空
間Ｓに放出される空気には、ダイオキシン類に汚染され
た土壌の粉塵や、有機溶媒又は界面活性剤の蒸気が含ま
れるが、この空気は集塵器８に吸入され、その内部に取
り付けられたＨＥＰＡフィルタによって土壌粉塵が除去
されると共に、活性炭によって有機溶媒又は界面活性剤
の蒸気等が吸着除去される。集塵器８によって清浄化さ
れた空気は、配管９を通って、ブロワ１０により通気管
１１へ送られ、汚染土壌３へ通気される。また、処理空
間Ｓを浮遊する土壌粉塵は、太陽光ＳＬの紫外線あるい
は近紫外線灯４からの紫外線に曝されるので、ここでも
ダイオキシン類の一部が分解される。The air discharged from the surface to the treatment space S through the contaminated soil 3 contains dust of soil contaminated with dioxins and vapor of organic solvent or surfactant. Is sucked into the dust collector 8, the soil dust is removed by the HEPA filter installed therein, and the organic solvent or the vapor of the surfactant is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon. The air cleaned by the dust collector 8 is sent to the ventilation pipe 11 by the blower 10 through the pipe 9 and is aerated to the contaminated soil 3. Further, since the soil dust floating in the treatment space S is exposed to the ultraviolet rays of the sunlight SL or the ultraviolet rays from the near-ultraviolet lamp 4, a part of the dioxins is decomposed here as well.
【００３９】ダイオキシン分解性微生物の分解活性を高
める目的で、汚染土壌３には、栄養塩類を添加する。栄
養塩類としては、例えば硝酸アンモニウムや硫酸アンモ
ニウム等のアンモニウム塩、リン酸１カリやリン酸２カ
リ等のリン酸塩、塩化カリウムや硝酸カリウム等のカリ
ウム塩、硫酸マグネシウムや硝酸マグネシウム等のマグ
ネシウム塩、鶏糞、牛糞、豚糞、油粕等の有機質肥料も
しくは上述の塩類を含む厩肥や堆肥が挙げられる。栄養
塩類は、処理空間Ｓの汚染土壌保管部に汚染土壌３を投
入堆積する際に混ぜ込むが、汚染土壌３の保管・浄化処
理が長期に及ぶ場合には、水溶液にしたものを散布等の
方法によって適時に追加供給することができる。Nutrient salts are added to the contaminated soil 3 for the purpose of enhancing the decomposition activity of dioxin-degrading microorganisms. Examples of the nutrient salts include ammonium salts such as ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate, phosphates such as 1 potassium phosphate and 2 potassium phosphate, potassium salts such as potassium chloride and potassium nitrate, magnesium salts such as magnesium sulfate and magnesium nitrate, chicken feces, Examples include organic fertilizers such as cow dung, pig dung, and oil dregs, or manure and compost containing the above salts. Nutrients are mixed when the contaminated soil 3 is loaded and accumulated in the contaminated soil storage part of the processing space S, but when the contaminated soil 3 is stored and purified for a long period of time, it is sprayed with an aqueous solution. Depending on the method, additional supply can be performed at a suitable time.
【００４０】また、汚染土壌３は、土壌下層のダイオキ
シン類を表層部に移動させる手段としては、適時に耕耘
することも有効であり、また、耕耘することによって、
通気管１１からの空気の流通を良好にしたり、添加した
栄養塩類を汚染土壌３に均一に混合させることができ
る。As a means for moving dioxins in the lower layer of the soil to the surface layer, it is effective to cultivate the contaminated soil 3 in a timely manner.
It is possible to improve the flow of air from the ventilation pipe 11 and to uniformly add the added nutrient salts to the contaminated soil 3.
【００４１】なお、ブロワ１０からは外気を取り込んで
通気管１１へ送り、集塵器８で濾過した空気は温室構造
体１の外部へ排出するようにしても良い。また、集塵器
８を取り付けずに、処理空間Ｓの空気を、配管９、ブロ
ワ１０、配管１２及び通気管１１を介して汚染土壌３へ
還流し通気するようにすれば、汚染土壌３が一種のフィ
ルタとして作用し、すなわち土壌粉塵は汚染土壌３に取
り込まれ、有機溶媒又は界面活性剤の蒸気も空気と共に
汚染土壌３へ還流されて、ダイオキシン類の抽出に供さ
れる。The blower 10 may take in outside air and send it to the ventilation pipe 11, and the air filtered by the dust collector 8 may be discharged to the outside of the greenhouse structure 1. Further, if the air in the processing space S is recirculated to the contaminated soil 3 through the pipe 9, the blower 10, the pipe 12 and the ventilation pipe 11 without attaching the dust collector 8, the contaminated soil 3 will be removed. It acts as a kind of filter, that is, the soil dust is taken into the contaminated soil 3, and the vapor of the organic solvent or the surfactant is also returned to the contaminated soil 3 together with the air and used for the extraction of dioxins.
【００４２】［第二の形態］次に、図２は、本発明に係
る汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方法の第二の実施の
形態を示す説明図である。この形態においても、非汚染
領域の地盤２上に、先に説明した図１と同様の温室構造
体１が構築される。[Second Embodiment] Next, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of a storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the present invention. Also in this form, the greenhouse structure 1 similar to that described above with reference to FIG. 1 is constructed on the ground 2 in the non-polluted region.
【００４３】温室構造体１内の処理空間Ｓの上部には、
複数の噴霧ノズル５ａが適当な間隔で配置された給液管
５が設けられ、その上流側の端部は、添加剤貯留槽７に
接続されている。添加剤貯留槽７に貯留された添加剤
（後述する酸化剤あるいは中和剤）は、ポンプ６によっ
て給液管５に送られるようになっている。また、温室構
造体１における床部１ａ上の、下部側壁１ｂで包囲され
た汚染土壌保管部に搬入され堆積保管される汚染土壌３
には、そのｐＨ値を検出するｐＨセンサ１３が埋設され
ており、添加剤貯留槽７内の添加剤を給液管５へ送るポ
ンプ６の駆動は、ｐＨセンサ１３で検出される土壌ｐＨ
の値に基づいて制御装置１４により制御される。Above the processing space S in the greenhouse structure 1,
A liquid supply pipe 5 in which a plurality of spray nozzles 5 a are arranged at appropriate intervals is provided, and an upstream end thereof is connected to an additive storage tank 7. The additive (oxidizing agent or neutralizing agent described later) stored in the additive storage tank 7 is sent to the liquid supply pipe 5 by the pump 6. In addition, the contaminated soil 3 that is carried into the contaminated soil storage portion surrounded by the lower side wall 1b on the floor 1a in the greenhouse structure 1 and deposited and stored therein 3
A pH sensor 13 for detecting the pH value is embedded in the pump, and the pump 6 for sending the additive in the additive storage tank 7 to the liquid supply pipe 5 is driven by the soil pH detected by the pH sensor 13.
It is controlled by the control device 14 based on the value of.
【００４４】温室構造体１における汚染土壌保管部に搬
入され堆積保管される汚染土壌３には、ダイオキシン類
を吸収する能力を有する植物１５を植え付ける。あらゆ
る植物は、ある程度汚染物質を吸収する能力を有する
が、なかでもヒマワリやウリ科（キュウリ、カボチャ
等）の植物はダイオキシン類に対する吸収能力が高く、
したがって、汚染土壌３には、このような植物を植え付
ける。植付けの方法としては、播種、幼苗の移植、ある
程度生育した苗の移植など、種々の方法が考えられる
が、播種による方法が最も容易である。植付け（播種）
の密度は、根の張る領域を考慮して、根の分布にブラン
クが生じないように、かつ単位面積あたりの植物体の収
穫量が最大になるようにする。A plant 15 having an ability to absorb dioxins is planted on the contaminated soil 3 which is carried into the contaminated soil storage unit of the greenhouse structure 1 and accumulated and stored. All plants have the ability to absorb pollutants to some extent, but among them, plants of the sunflower and cucurbitaceae (cucumber, pumpkin, etc.) have high absorption capacity for dioxins,
Therefore, such a plant is planted in the contaminated soil 3. As a method of planting, various methods such as sowing, transplanting seedlings, transplanting seedlings that have grown to some extent are conceivable, but the method by sowing is the easiest. Planting (sowing)
In consideration of the area over which roots are spread, the density of is so that blanks do not occur in the distribution of roots and the yield of plants per unit area is maximized.
【００４５】温室構造体１には空調装置１６が設置され
ており、温室構造体１内の処理空間Ｓは、この空調装置
１６によって、植物１５の生育に適した温度、すなわち
5〜35℃、好ましくは15〜25℃に維持することができる
ようになっている。An air conditioner 16 is installed in the greenhouse structure 1, and the processing space S in the greenhouse structure 1 is controlled by the air conditioner 16 at a temperature suitable for growing the plants 15, that is,
It can be maintained at 5 to 35 ° C, preferably 15 to 25 ° C.
【００４６】以上の構成において、温室構造体１におけ
る汚染土壌保管部には、ダイオキシン類により汚染され
た汚染土壌３が搬入され、堆積保管されると共に、この
汚染土壌３には、ヒマワリ、キュウリあるいはカボチャ
等の植物１５が植え付けられ、栽培される。処理空間Ｓ
は密閉状であり、その床部１ａ及び下部側壁１ｂと地盤
２との間には、遮水シート１ｅが設けられているので、
堆積保管された汚染土壌３中のダイオキシン類が温室構
造体１の外部へ漏出して汚染が拡散されることはない。In the above structure, the contaminated soil storage section of the greenhouse structure 1 is loaded with the contaminated soil 3 contaminated with dioxins and accumulated and stored therein, and the contaminated soil 3 is filled with sunflower, cucumber or A plant 15 such as pumpkin is planted and cultivated. Processing space S
Is a hermetically sealed structure, and since the water impermeable sheet 1e is provided between the floor 1a and the lower side wall 1b and the ground 2,
Dioxins in the contaminated soil 3 accumulated and stored do not leak out of the greenhouse structure 1 to diffuse the pollution.
【００４７】処理空間Ｓは、空調装置１６によって、植
物１５の生育に適した温度に維持されているので、汚染
土壌３に植え付けられた植物１５は、温室構造体１の透
明屋根１ｄ及び透明側壁１ｃを透過した太陽光ＳＬを受
けて成長する。植物１５の根１５ａは、土壌表面から50
cm程度の深さまで分布し、特に、表層付近では根毛が高
密度に分布して、汚染土壌３中のダイオキシン類を体内
に吸収・蓄積する。Since the treatment space S is maintained at a temperature suitable for the growth of the plants 15 by the air conditioner 16, the plants 15 planted in the contaminated soil 3 are covered with the transparent roof 1d and the transparent side walls of the greenhouse structure 1. It grows by receiving the sunlight SL transmitted through 1c. The root 15a of the plant 15 is 50 from the soil surface.
It is distributed up to a depth of about cm, and root hairs are particularly densely distributed in the vicinity of the surface layer to absorb and accumulate dioxins in the contaminated soil 3 in the body.
【００４８】植え付けられた植物１５や、土壌中のダイ
オキシン分解性微生物の活性を高めるために、汚染土壌
３には、第一の実施の形態で説明したような栄養塩類を
適時に添加することが好ましい。In order to enhance the activity of the plant 15 planted and the dioxin-degrading microorganisms in the soil, the nutrient salts as described in the first embodiment may be added to the contaminated soil 3 in a timely manner. preferable.
【００４９】汚染土壌３のダイオキシン汚染濃度が著し
く高い場合には、予め添加剤貯留槽１３から酸化剤の水
溶液が、ポンプ６によって給液管５の噴霧ノズル５ａか
ら適量散布される。酸化剤は、例えば過酸化水素、二酸
化塩素、過マンガン酸カリウム等から選択され、安全性
の観点から、濃度2〜2000mg/Lの水溶液としたものが用
いられる。散布された酸化剤は、汚染土壌３中のダイオ
キシン類の一部を酸化分解させて、植物やダイオキシン
分解性微生物を利用しやすい土壌環境を創出する。When the dioxin contamination concentration of the contaminated soil 3 is extremely high, an appropriate amount of the oxidizing agent aqueous solution is previously sprayed from the additive storage tank 13 by the pump 6 from the spray nozzle 5a of the liquid supply pipe 5. The oxidizing agent is selected from, for example, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate and the like, and from the viewpoint of safety, an aqueous solution having a concentration of 2 to 2000 mg / L is used. The sprayed oxidant oxidizes and decomposes part of the dioxins in the contaminated soil 3 to create a soil environment in which plants and dioxin-degrading microorganisms can be easily used.
【００５０】また、植物１５や土壌中のダイオキシン分
解性微生物は、酸性土壌中では著しく活性が低下する。
したがって、添加剤貯留槽１３には中和剤の水溶液を貯
留しておき、ｐＨセンサ１３で検出される土壌ｐＨの値
に基づいて、給液管５の噴霧ノズル５ａから中和剤の水
溶液を適時に散布することによって、植物１５や土壌中
のダイオキシン分解性微生物の活性を維持することがで
きる。The activity of the dioxin-degrading microorganisms in the plant 15 and the soil is remarkably reduced in the acidic soil.
Therefore, the aqueous solution of the neutralizing agent is stored in the additive storage tank 13, and the aqueous solution of the neutralizing agent is discharged from the spray nozzle 5a of the liquid supply pipe 5 based on the soil pH value detected by the pH sensor 13. By spraying in a timely manner, the activity of the dioxin-degrading microorganisms in the plant 15 and soil can be maintained.
【００５１】植物１５の体内に蓄積されたダイオキシン
類は、植物１５の所定期間の生育後、刈り取り又は掘り
取りによって、土壌３から除去される。刈り取り又は掘
り取られた植物１５は、石灰窒素などを加えて堆積し、
堆肥化させれば、体積が減量してダイオキシン類が濃縮
されると共に、堆肥化した植物体内で繁殖するダイオキ
シン分解性微生物によって分解され、無害化される。Dioxins accumulated in the body of the plant 15 are removed from the soil 3 by cutting or digging after the plant 15 has grown for a predetermined period. The plant 15 that has been cut or dug accumulates by adding lime nitrogen and the like,
When composted, the volume is reduced and dioxins are concentrated, and at the same time, they are decomposed by the dioxin-degrading microorganisms propagating in the composted plant body and rendered harmless.
【００５２】上述のような工程によって、汚染土壌３
は、その表層近傍が経時的に無害化されていく。したが
って、所定の汚染濃度以下まで浄化が進んだら、その領
域の土壌をすき取ってから、上述の工程を繰り返すこと
によって、処理期間を短縮することができる。By the steps as described above, the contaminated soil 3
In the vicinity of the surface layer, is detoxified with time. Therefore, when the purification progresses to a level equal to or lower than the predetermined pollution level, the soil in that area is scraped off, and then the above steps are repeated, whereby the treatment period can be shortened.
【００５３】なお、この第二の形態においても、第一の
形態と同様、近紫外線灯４による紫外線の照射や、ブロ
ワ１０及び通気管１１による汚染土壌３への通気や、集
塵器８による浮遊粉塵の除去等を併用することができ
る。また、先に説明したように、植物１５の根は土壌表
層部で高密度に分布するため、第一の形態と同様、有機
溶媒又は界面活性剤を散布し、ダイオキシン類の吸着状
態を解除して土壌表層部へ移動させることによって、植
物１５による吸収を促進することができる。また、有機
溶媒又は界面活性剤によって、ダイオキシン類の吸着が
解除された状態では、ダイオキシン分解性微生物との接
触も効率良く行われるので、微生物による分解も促進さ
れる。In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the near-ultraviolet lamp 4 irradiates ultraviolet rays, the blower 10 and the ventilation pipe 11 ventilate the contaminated soil 3, and the dust collector 8 is used. It can be used together with removal of suspended dust. Further, as described above, since the roots of the plant 15 are distributed at a high density in the soil surface layer portion, the organic solvent or the surfactant is sprayed to release the adsorption state of dioxins as in the first embodiment. By moving the soil to the surface layer of the soil, absorption by the plant 15 can be promoted. Further, in the state where the adsorption of dioxins is released by the organic solvent or the surfactant, the contact with the dioxin-degrading microorganisms is efficiently performed, so that the decomposition by the microorganisms is promoted.
【００５４】［第三の形態］本発明に係る汚染土壌の無
害化工程を含む保管方法の第三の形態としては、温室構
造体１の汚染土壌保管部に堆積保管された汚染土壌３
に、酸化力を有するガスを通気させることも有効であ
る。すなわちこの方法においては、先に説明した図１と
同様の通気管１１の上流側の端部を、バルブ等を介し
て、図示されていないガス供給源に接続する。ガス供給
源から供給する酸化力を有するガスは、例えば二酸化塩
素ガス、オゾン、塩素ガスから選択される。[Third Mode] As the third mode of the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the present invention, the contaminated soil 3 accumulated and stored in the contaminated soil storage section of the greenhouse structure 1 is stored.
It is also effective to ventilate a gas having an oxidizing power. That is, in this method, the upstream end of the ventilation pipe 11 similar to that of FIG. 1 described above is connected to a gas supply source (not shown) via a valve or the like. The gas having an oxidizing power supplied from the gas supply source is selected from chlorine dioxide gas, ozone, and chlorine gas, for example.
【００５５】土壌中の土粒子や有機物に強く吸着してい
るダイオキシン類は、通気管１１から噴出して土粒子間
隙を通気される二酸化塩素ガス、オゾンあるいは塩素ガ
スの有する酸化分解作用によって、二酸化炭素や塩素等
に分解され、これらの分解生成物は土壌３中に溶解して
無害化されるか、通気ガスと共に汚染土壌３の表面から
放出される。Dioxins strongly adsorbed to soil particles and organic matter in the soil are oxidized by the oxidative decomposition action of chlorine dioxide gas, ozone or chlorine gas which is ejected from the ventilation pipe 11 and is aerated through the soil particle gap. It is decomposed into carbon, chlorine, etc., and these decomposition products are dissolved in the soil 3 to be rendered harmless, or are released from the surface of the contaminated soil 3 together with the aeration gas.
【００５６】温室構造体１における透明屋根１ｄには、
図１と同様に、集塵器８を取り付ける。すなわち、処理
空間Ｓの空気には、汚染土壌３中を通ってその表面から
放出される土壌粉塵やガスが含まれるが、集塵器８はこ
の空気を吸入し、内部に取り付けられたＨＥＰＡフィル
タによって土壌粉塵を捕捉すると共に、集塵器８の内部
に充填された活性炭によってガスを吸着除去する。On the transparent roof 1d in the greenhouse structure 1,
As in FIG. 1, the dust collector 8 is attached. That is, the air in the processing space S contains soil dust and gas discharged from the surface through the contaminated soil 3, but the dust collector 8 inhales the air and installs the HEPA filter inside. The soil dust is captured by and the gas is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon filled in the dust collector 8.
【００５７】太陽光ＳＬあるいは近紫外線灯４による光
分解では、一般的に毒性が低いと言われている八塩化物
のダイオキシン類が、分解の過程で一時的に毒性の高い
四塩化物になるが、上述した酸化力を有するガスの通気
を併用することによって、四塩化物の生成を防止するこ
とができる。In photolysis by sunlight SL or near-ultraviolet lamp 4, dioxins of octachloride, which are generally said to be low in toxicity, temporarily become highly toxic tetrachloride in the process of decomposition. However, the formation of tetrachloride can be prevented by using the above-mentioned ventilation of the gas having an oxidizing power together.
【００５８】なお、この第三の形態においては、集塵器
８を取り付けずに、処理空間Ｓの空気を、配管９、ブロ
ワ１０、配管１２及び通気管１１を介して汚染土壌３へ
還流し通気するようにしても良い。このようにすれば、
汚染土壌３が一種のフィルタとして作用し、すなわち土
壌粉塵は汚染土壌３に取り込まれ、酸化力を有するガス
も空気と共に汚染土壌３へ還流されて、ダイオキシン類
の酸化分解に供される。In the third embodiment, the air in the processing space S is returned to the contaminated soil 3 through the pipe 9, the blower 10, the pipe 12 and the ventilation pipe 11 without attaching the dust collector 8. It may be ventilated. If you do this,
The contaminated soil 3 acts as a kind of filter, that is, the soil dust is taken into the contaminated soil 3, and the gas having an oxidizing power is also returned to the contaminated soil 3 together with the air, and is used for the oxidative decomposition of dioxins.
【００５９】また、この第三の形態による方法は、例え
ば紫外線による分解、植物による吸収分解、微生物によ
る分解等では、無害化をが十分に進行しないような場合
に、短期間で無害化が実現可能な方法として採用するこ
とができる。The method according to the third embodiment realizes detoxification in a short period of time when detoxification does not proceed sufficiently by, for example, decomposition by ultraviolet rays, absorption decomposition by plants, decomposition by microorganisms, and the like. It can be adopted as a possible method.
【００６０】なお、各形態において、十分に無害化され
た土壌を温室構造体１から搬出した後は、この温室構造
体１には新たな汚染土壌３を搬入して堆積保管し、上述
のいずれかの方法による無害化工程に繰り返し使用する
ことができる。In each form, after the soil that has been sufficiently detoxified is carried out from the greenhouse structure 1, new contaminated soil 3 is carried into the greenhouse structure 1 and deposited and stored. It can be repeatedly used in the detoxification process by the above method.
【００６１】［実施例］3000pg/g・ＴＥＱの濃度のダイ
オキシン類を含む土壌サンプルを対象とした予備試験を
実施した。この予備試験では、土壌サンプルに結合した
四〜八塩化ジベンゾ-ｐ-ダイオキシンと四〜八塩化ジベ
ンゾフランの光分解及び植物分解を伴う保管試験を、図
１及び図２の温室構造体１に見立てた石英ガラスカラム
内で行った。光源は自然光（太陽光）と近紫外線灯（紫
外線波長250nm）とし、自然光８時間＋近紫外線灯１６
時間の照射を行った。石英ガラスカラム内の温度は20℃
で一定とした。土壌に栽培する植物にはひまわり、キュ
ウリ及びカボチャを用いた。[Example] A preliminary test was conducted on a soil sample containing dioxins at a concentration of 3000 pg / g TEQ. In this preliminary test, a storage test involving photodecomposition and plant decomposition of dibenzo-p-dioxin 4-8 octachloride and dibenzofuran 4-8 octachloride bound to a soil sample was regarded as the greenhouse structure 1 in FIGS. 1 and 2. It was carried out in a quartz glass column. The light source is natural light (sunlight) and near-ultraviolet lamp (ultraviolet wavelength 250 nm), natural light 8 hours + near-ultraviolet lamp 16
Irradiated for an hour. The temperature inside the quartz glass column is 20 ℃
It was fixed at. Sunflowers, cucumbers and pumpkins were used as the plants to be cultivated in the soil.
【００６２】予備試験の結果、土壌サンプル表面のダイ
オキシン類の濃度は、試験開始後４か月経過時点での測
定において、光分解により、試験開始前の濃度に比較し
て80％程度低下していた。また、土壌サンプル表面から
深さ50cmまでの領域におけるダイオキシン類の濃度は、
試験開始前の濃度に比較して40％程度低下していた。土
壌サンプル表面から深さ50cm以下の領域については、施
肥によって土壌サンプル中の栄養塩類の濃度が上昇し、
微生物分解が促進した結果、ダイオキシン類の濃度が試
験開始前の濃度に比較して20％程度低下していた。以上
を合わせると、４か月の保管期間中に、土壌サンプル中
のダイオキシン毒性等量（ＴＥＱ）が84％低下する結果
となった。As a result of the preliminary test, the concentration of dioxins on the surface of the soil sample was decreased by about 80% as compared with the concentration before the start of the test due to photodegradation in the measurement at the time of 4 months after the start of the test. It was The concentration of dioxins in the area from the soil sample surface to a depth of 50 cm is
It was about 40% lower than the concentration before the start of the test. For areas below the depth of 50 cm from the soil sample surface, fertilization increases the concentration of nutrients in the soil sample,
As a result of accelerated microbial degradation, the concentration of dioxins decreased by about 20% compared to the concentration before the start of the test. Taken together, this resulted in a 84% reduction in the equivalent dioxin toxicity (TEQ) in the soil sample during the storage period of 4 months.
【００６３】次に、同じ土壌サンプルと石英ガラスカラ
ムを用いて、酸化剤による無害化試験を実施した。酸化
剤としては過酸化水素水及び二酸化塩素ガスを用い、そ
の他の条件は、先に説明した予備試験と同じにした。Next, the same soil sample and quartz glass column were used to carry out a detoxification test with an oxidizing agent. Hydrogen peroxide solution and chlorine dioxide gas were used as the oxidizing agent, and the other conditions were the same as in the preliminary test described above.
【００６４】この無害化試験の結果、土壌サンプル表面
から深さ50cmまでの領域におけるダイオキシン類の濃度
は、試験開始前の濃度に比較して60％程度低下してい
た。ダイオキシン毒性等量（ＴＥＱ）としては92％の低
下が認められたが、予備試験における植物分解に比較し
て、投入したエネルギ（電力、添加剤及び新規設備）は
20％程度増加した。As a result of this detoxification test, the concentration of dioxins in the region from the soil sample surface to a depth of 50 cm was reduced by about 60% compared to the concentration before the start of the test. A 92% reduction in dioxin equivalent dose (TEQ) was observed, but compared with plant decomposition in preliminary tests, the energy input (electric power, additives and new equipment)
It increased by about 20%.
【００６５】[0065]
【発明の効果】請求項１の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法によれば、汚染土壌を遮水層及び構
造体で非汚染領域から隔離して封じ込めることによっ
て、周辺環境への汚染拡大を防止しつつ、太陽光や微生
物等の自然エネルギにより、堆積保管した汚染土壌の無
害化を図ることができる。また、構造体、遮水層及びそ
の付随設備は長期間繰り返し使用可能であるため、低コ
ストであり、しかも、汚染土壌の保管中に汚染によるリ
スクが低減されていくことから、環境モニタリングのコ
ストも軽減される。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the first aspect of the present invention, the contaminated soil is isolated from the non-contaminated area by the water-blocking layer and the structure, and is contained in the surrounding environment. It is possible to detoxify the contaminated soil deposited and stored by sunlight and natural energy such as microorganisms while preventing the spread of pollution. In addition, the cost of environmental monitoring is low because the structure, water barrier and its associated equipment can be used repeatedly over a long period of time, and the risk of contamination during storage of contaminated soil is reduced. Is also reduced.
【００６６】請求項２の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法によれば、請求項１の発明による効果
に加え、構造体に設けた紫外線照射装置によって、曇天
時や夜間でも汚染土壌に紫外線を照射して土壌表面の汚
染物質の光分解を行うことができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying the contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the ultraviolet irradiation device provided in the structure contaminates even in cloudy weather or at night. The soil can be irradiated with ultraviolet rays to photodecompose the pollutants on the soil surface.
【００６７】請求項３の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法によれば、請求項１の発明による効果
に加え、汚染土壌に有機溶媒又は界面活性剤を適時に散
布することによって、汚染土壌下層部の汚染物質を、太
陽光や紫外線が照射される土壌表面に移動させることが
できるので、汚染物質の光分解を促進することができ
る。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the invention, the organic solvent or the surfactant is sprinkled on the contaminated soil in a timely manner. Since the pollutants in the lower part of the contaminated soil can be moved to the soil surface irradiated with sunlight or ultraviolet rays, photodecomposition of the pollutants can be promoted.
【００６８】請求項４の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法によれば、請求項１の発明による効果
に加え、酸化力を有するガスの通気によって、汚染物質
の酸化分解を促進し、植物による汚染物質の吸収作用や
微生物による汚染物質分解能力を利用しやすい環境を得
ることができると共に、紫外線による光分解を促進する
ことができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, aeration of gas having an oxidizing power promotes oxidative decomposition of pollutants. However, it is possible to obtain an environment in which it is easy to utilize the pollutant absorption effect by plants and the pollutant decomposition ability by microorganisms, and it is possible to promote photolysis by ultraviolet rays.
【００６９】請求項５の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法によれば、請求項１の発明による効果
に加え、構造体に設けた出入口にエアシャワーを設ける
ことによって、処理空間への作業員の出入りに伴って、
汚染された粉塵が外部へ流出するのを防止し、汚染の拡
散を防止することができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the fifth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the invention, the treatment space is provided by providing an air shower at the entrance and exit provided in the structure. As workers enter and leave the
It is possible to prevent the polluted dust from flowing out and prevent the diffusion of the pollution.
【００７０】請求項６の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法によれば、請求項１の発明による効果
に加え、汚染土壌に散布した酸化剤によって、汚染物質
を酸化分解し、あるいは紫外線による光分解を促進し、
あるいは植物による吸収や微生物による分解を促進する
ことができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying the contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effect according to the invention of claim 1, the pollutant is oxidatively decomposed by the oxidizing agent sprinkled on the contaminated soil, Or promote photodegradation by ultraviolet rays,
Alternatively, absorption by plants and decomposition by microorganisms can be promoted.
【００７１】請求項７の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法によれば、請求項１の発明による効果
に加え、汚染土壌中の汚染物質を植物体内に移行させ、
除去することができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 7, in addition to the effect according to the invention of claim 1, the pollutants in the contaminated soil are transferred into the plant body,
Can be removed.
【００７２】請求項８の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法によれば、撹拌によって、土壌下層部
に存在する汚染物質を表層へ移動させるので、請求項１
又は２の発明による効果に加え、紫外線による汚染物質
の分解や植物による吸収を効率良く行うことができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying the contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 8, the contaminants present in the lower layer of the soil are moved to the surface layer by stirring.
Alternatively, in addition to the effect of the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently decompose pollutants by ultraviolet rays and absorb them by plants.
【００７３】請求項９の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法によれば、波長が400nm以下の紫外線
を汚染土壌に照射することによって、請求項１の発明に
よる光分解を一層有効に行うことができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying the contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 9, the contaminated soil is irradiated with ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 400 nm or less, whereby the photodecomposition according to the invention of claim 1 is more effective. Can be done.
【００７４】請求項１０の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法によれば、請求項１又は７の発明に
よる効果に加え、汚染土壌に空気を通気させることによ
って、植物や土壌中の好気性微生物の活性を良好にする
ため、植物による汚染物質の吸収及び微生物による汚染
物質の分解を促進することができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the tenth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect according to the first or seventh aspect of the invention, by aerating the contaminated soil with air, the plant or soil In order to improve the activity of the aerobic microorganisms, the absorption of pollutants by plants and the decomposition of pollutants by microorganisms can be promoted.
【００７５】請求項１１の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法によれば、栄養塩類によって、汚染
土壌に栽培した植物の生育や好気性微生物の分解活性が
促されるので、請求項７の発明による植物による汚染物
質の吸収あるいは微生物による分解効果を促進すること
ができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying the contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 11, the nutrient salts promote the growth of plants cultivated in the contaminated soil and the decomposition activity of aerobic microorganisms. The absorption of pollutants by plants or the decomposition effect by microorganisms according to the invention of 7 can be promoted.
【００７６】請求項１２の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法によれば、汚染土壌のｐＨが、植物
や微生物の生育環境に適した値に保たれるため、請求項
７の発明による植物による汚染物質の吸収あるいは微生
物による分解を促進することができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying the contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 12, the pH of the contaminated soil is maintained at a value suitable for the growth environment of plants and microorganisms. It is possible to accelerate the uptake of pollutants by plants or the degradation by microorganisms according to the invention.
【００７７】請求項１３の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法によれば、請求項７の発明による効
果に加え、汚染土壌から収穫した植物を減容化すると共
に、植物体内に蓄積された汚染物質の無害化を図ること
ができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 13, in addition to the effect according to the invention of claim 7, the volume of the plant harvested from the contaminated soil is reduced, and It is possible to make the accumulated pollutants harmless.
【００７８】請求項１４の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法によれば、処理空間が、植物の生育
に適した温度に維持されるため、請求項７の発明による
植物による汚染物質の吸収効果を促進することができ
る。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 14, the treatment space is maintained at a temperature suitable for the growth of plants. The absorption effect of a substance can be promoted.
【００７９】請求項１５の発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化
工程を含む保管方法によれば、汚染土壌に通気させる空
気を、閉じた系の中で循環させるため、請求項１０の発
明による効果を、汚染物質を構造体の外部へ拡散させる
ことなく実現することができる。According to the storage method including the step of detoxifying the contaminated soil according to the invention of claim 15, the air aerated to the contaminated soil is circulated in a closed system, so that the effect of the invention of claim 10 is obtained. , Can be realized without diffusing contaminants to the outside of the structure.
【図１】本発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管
方法の第一の実施の形態を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a first embodiment of a storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管
方法の第二の実施の形態を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of a storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to the present invention.
１ 温室構造体（構造体） １ｅ 遮水シート（遮水層） ２ 非汚染領域の地盤 ３ 汚染土壌 ４ 近紫外線灯 ５ａ 噴霧ノズル １１ 通気管 １５ 植物 Ｓ 処理空間 1 Greenhouse structure (structure) 1e Impermeable sheet (impermeable layer) 2 Ground in non-polluted area 3 contaminated soil 4 near-ultraviolet light 5a spray nozzle 11 ventilation pipe 15 plants S processing space
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｂ０９Ｃ 1/08 Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 Ｅ 1/10 Ｆターム(参考） 2B022 DA08 DA17 4D004 AA02 AA41 AB07 AC07 BA04 CA15 CA19 CA35 CA36 CA43 CA47 CB04 CB50 CC01 CC02 CC04 CC05 CC07 CC11 DA01 DA02 DA03 DA06 DA20 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) B09C 1/08 B09B 3/00 E 1/10 F term (reference) 2B022 DA08 DA17 4D004 AA02 AA41 AB07 AC07 BA04 CA15 CA19 CA35 CA36 CA43 CA47 CB04 CB50 CC01 CC02 CC04 CC05 CC07 CC11 DA01 DA02 DA03 DA06 DA20
Claims (15)
と共に、透光性を有する構造体で密閉状に包囲された処
理空間内に、汚染土壌を堆積保管することを特徴とする
汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方法。1. A contaminated soil, characterized in that the contaminated soil is deposited and stored in a treatment space which is separated from non-contaminated soil by a water-impervious layer and is hermetically enclosed by a translucent structure. Storage method including detoxification process of.
壌に紫外線を照射することを特徴とする請求項１に記載
の汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方法。2. A storage method including a step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the structure is provided with an ultraviolet irradiation device to irradiate the contaminated soil with ultraviolet rays.
時に散布することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の汚染土
壌の無害化工程を含む保管方法。3. The storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein an organic solvent or a surfactant is sprayed on the contaminated soil in a timely manner.
せることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の汚染土壌の無害
化工程を含む保管方法。4. A storage method including a step of detoxifying a contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein a gas having an oxidizing power is passed through the contaminated soil.
設けることによって、処理空間の粉塵が外部へ流出する
のを防止することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の汚染土
壌の無害化工程を含む保管方法。5. The process of detoxifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein an air shower is provided at the entrance provided in the structure to prevent dust in the processing space from flowing out. Storage method including.
とを特徴とする請求項１に記載の汚染土壌の無害化工程
を含む保管方法。6. The storage method including the step of detoxifying the contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein an oxidant is sprayed on the contaminated soil in a timely manner.
有する植物を栽培し、所要の期間生育させた後、刈り取
り又は掘り取ることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の汚染
土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方法。7. The decontamination of a contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein a plant having an ability to absorb a pollutant is cultivated on the contaminated soil, and after growing for a required period, the contaminated soil is detoxified. Storage method including steps.
する請求項１又は２に記載の汚染土壌の無害化工程を含
む保管方法。8. A storage method comprising the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the contaminated soil is stirred in a timely manner.
特徴とする請求項２に記載の汚染土壌の無害化工程を含
む保管方法。9. The storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to claim 2, wherein the wavelength of ultraviolet rays is 400 nm or less.
徴とする請求項１又は７に記載の汚染土壌の無害化工程
を含む保管方法。10. A storage method comprising the step of detoxifying the contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein air is aerated through the contaminated soil.
ことを特徴とする請求項７に記載の汚染土壌の無害化工
程を含む保管方法。11. The storage method according to claim 7, comprising supplying nutrient salts to the contaminated soil in a timely manner.
に応じて汚染土壌に中和剤を添加することを特徴とする
請求項７に記載の汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方
法。12. The storage method including the step of detoxifying contaminated soil according to claim 7, wherein the soil pH is monitored by a sensor, and a neutralizer is added to the contaminated soil as needed.
壌から隔絶した密閉空間内で減容化することを特徴とす
る請求項７に記載の汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方
法。13. A storage method including a process for detoxifying contaminated soil according to claim 7, wherein the volume of the plant harvested from the contaminated soil is reduced in a closed space isolated from the non-contaminated soil.
の生育に適した温度に維持することを特徴とする請求項
７に記載の汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方法。14. The storage method according to claim 7, wherein the treatment space is maintained at a temperature suitable for plant growth by an air conditioning facility.
汚染土壌に通気させる空気循環を行うことを特徴とする
請求項１０に記載の汚染土壌の無害化工程を含む保管方
法。15. The storage method including the detoxification process of contaminated soil according to claim 10, wherein air in the treatment space is recovered and air is circulated to ventilate the contaminated soil.
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| JP2002024945A JP3967602B2 (en) | 2002-02-01 | 2002-02-01 | Storage method including detoxification process of contaminated soil |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006017604A1 (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2006-02-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Landfarming simulation testing apparatus and method |
| JP2007237129A (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-20 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Deoiling method of oil-containing substance using liquefied substance |
| TWI567344B (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2017-01-21 | 藤田股份有限公司 | Method of preprocessing incineration ash |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103706625A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏盖亚环境工程有限公司 | Efficient soil repair system |
-
2002
- 2002-02-01 JP JP2002024945A patent/JP3967602B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006017604A1 (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2006-02-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Landfarming simulation testing apparatus and method |
| US7389705B2 (en) | 2004-08-03 | 2008-06-24 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Landfarming simulation testing apparatus and method |
| JP2007237129A (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-20 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Deoiling method of oil-containing substance using liquefied substance |
| JP4542517B2 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2010-09-15 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | Deoiling method of oil-containing substance using liquefied product |
| TWI567344B (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2017-01-21 | 藤田股份有限公司 | Method of preprocessing incineration ash |
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