JP2003220131A - Dialyzing device and its operating method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dialyzing device which can surely observe the variation of an internal pressure of a blood channel, and in addition, can prevent the leakage of blood from the blood channel to the outside due to troubles of an observation mechanism for the internal pressure variation, and the generation of various kinds of problems due to the leakage from occurring. <P>SOLUTION: This dialyzing device is equipped with a dialyzing liquid-feeding/ discharging and water-removing/regulating device 24 which can control the flowing in and the flowing out of the dialysis liquid to a dialyzer 10. In such a dialyzing device, when the dialysis liquid pressure is measured by a pressure- transducer 28 when the water-removing is stopped, the value is relative to the pressure on the blood side in the dialyzer 10. Therefore, the dialyzing device is constituted in such a manner that the pressure on the blood side can be computed by utilizing a specified equation. Thus, a measurement line of a vein pressure in the blood channel is eliminated, and the dialyzing device is constituted in such a manner that there is no danger for the blood leakage from the region. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dialysis apparatus and a method of operating the same, and more particularly, to contact blood with dialysate through a semipermeable membrane to remove waste products and excess water in blood. The present invention relates to an improved structure of a dialysis device and a method of operating the same, in which components necessary for blood are supplied from a dialysate into blood.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, various blood purification methods for purifying blood taken out from a patient's body and returning it to the body for the purpose of treating a patient with renal failure and maintaining life have been studied and put to practical use. It is widely used as a so-called artificial kidney. As one type of such an artificial kidney, a dialysis apparatus is known that includes a dialyzer as a purifier and a water removal mechanism that adjusts the inflow amount and outflow amount of dialysate into the dialyzer. Then, the dialyzer contains a hollow fiber cellulose membrane, a cuproammonium rayon membrane, a semipermeable membrane (dialysis membrane) such as a polyacrylonitrile membrane in a box, and flows through a blood circuit or a dialysate circuit.
The outflowing blood and the dialysate are configured to come into contact with each other through the semipermeable membrane.

In such a dialysis device, the blood flowing in and out through the blood circuit and the dialysate circuit is brought into contact with the dialysate through the semipermeable membrane in the dialyzer, and the blood and the dialysate are contacted. By the diffusion action according to the concentration gradient of each of the main components, waste products accumulated in the blood are removed and components necessary for the blood are replenished. On the other hand, the water removal mechanism increases the outflow amount of dialysate from the dialyzer to a greater extent than the inflow amount, so that extra water in the blood is ultrafiltered with a semipermeable membrane to remove it from the blood. So-called water removal, which is to remove it, is performed.

By the way, in general, when purifying a patient's blood by using an artificial kidney, the blood pressure returned to the patient (pressure of the blood returned to the patient's body) is detected, and the fluctuation of the detected blood pressure returned is detected. Promptly performing various appropriate measures is an essential element for safe extracorporeal circulation of the patient's blood.
Therefore, in the conventional dialysis device having the structure as described above, in order to remove the air entrapped in the blood in the blood circuit, the chamber disposed immediately before the blood return port to the patient in the blood circuit is removed. Is configured so that the air in the chamber can be introduced, and a pressure detection line is connected to the tip of the chamber. By detecting the internal pressure of the chamber with this pressure detection line, the internal pressure of the blood circuit is reduced. The change in the return blood pressure is detected and detected through the change in the internal pressure.

However, in such a conventional dialysis apparatus, due to some reason, the connection port of the pressure detection line to the chamber is loosened, the pipes constituting the pressure detection line are damaged, or the air arranged in the pressure detection line is damaged. A filter loss may occur. In a dialysis machine with such a defect, when air leaks in the pressure detection line, blood in the blood circuit enters the pressure detection line, and as a result, the inner wall of the pipe in the pressure detection line, the air filter, etc. Often, they came into contact with blood and became contaminated. And, when that happens, those pressure detection lines, air filters, etc. are used repeatedly, and, in addition, it is often difficult to perform cleaning, sterilization, and disinfection. There is a very high possibility that a patient who has undergone dialysis using such a device may have serious problems such as the spread of various infectious diseases.

Therefore, when using a conventional dialysis machine, prior to its operation, not only the blood circuit but also the pressure detection line, which is difficult to disinfect, is carefully inspected for the presence or absence of contamination. When this was discovered, it was necessary to immediately perform sufficient treatment such as disinfection, which made the dialysis work extremely complicated.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and causes any leakage of blood from the blood circuit to the outside, and various problems caused by such leakage of blood. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel structure of a dialysis device that reliably monitors internal pressure fluctuations in a blood circuit without causing such a situation, and an advantageous method of operating the device.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have made earnest studies and as a result, have found that the dialysis pressure when dialysis is performed with only the removal of water having a certain correlation. It represents the pressure on the blood side in the dialyzer, and
This pressure on the blood side in the dialyzer is noted to correlate with the blood return pressure of the blood detected from the chamber on the blood return side of the commonly used blood circuit, and the correlation is calculated as a formula. The present invention has been completed based on the idea that the return blood pressure can be obtained from the dialysate pressure when water removal is stopped by inputting it into the dialyzer in advance. That is, the present invention is provided in a dialyzer, a water removal mechanism for removing water from blood by increasing the outflow rate of dialysate from the dialyzer than the inflow rate to the dialyzer, and the dialysate flow path. Pressure detection means for temporarily stopping the water removal by the water removal mechanism, and when the water removal is temporarily stopped, the blood flow path is changed from the dialysate pressure detected by the pressure detection means. The gist of the present invention is a dialysis machine configured to calculate and obtain the internal pressure of the.

In the dialysis apparatus of the present invention having such a structure, since the pressure detection line for detecting the internal pressure is not provided in the blood flow passage, there is a problem when the pressure is measured directly from the blood flow passage. It is possible to avoid leakage of blood from the blood circuit to the outside. Therefore, it is possible to prevent contamination due to contact with blood in a part other than the blood circuit, and as a result, it is possible to minimize the inspection for contamination before operation, so that the cost required for inspection is effective. Is reduced to.

Further, according to one of the desirable modes of the dialysis apparatus according to the present invention, after the dialysate pressure at the time of the temporary stoppage of the water removal is detected, the water removal is restarted, and the dialysate is passed after an appropriate time elapses. The dialysate pressure at the time when the pressure becomes stable is detected, and from the difference between this stable dialysate pressure and the dialysate pressure when water removal is stopped, and the dialysate pressure continuously detected during dewatering, the blood flow path It is configured to calculate the internal pressure. As a result, the difference between the stable dialysate pressure and the dialysate pressure when water removal is stopped can be defined as the pressure (membrane resistance value) required for ultrafiltration by water removal.
Even while removing water, it is possible to continuously monitor and / or display the blood return pressure by performing a calculation in consideration of the error.

As another desirable mode of the dialysis apparatus according to the present invention, the operation of calculating the internal pressure of the blood flow path to obtain it is performed at regular intervals and / or whenever the water removal amount is changed. May be. This enables calculation corresponding to the new water removal amount, and enables continuous accurate blood return pressure monitoring and / or display even after arbitrarily changing the water removal amount.

Further, the dialysis apparatus of the present invention may be provided with a monitoring means and / or a display means for directly or indirectly monitoring and / or displaying the obtained internal pressure of the blood flow path. Good. As a result, the usability of the dialysis machine can be advantageously increased, and thus the blood purification operation can be performed even more safely.

Further, in the dialysis apparatus of the present invention, calculation is performed on the basis of the detected dialysate pressure and the pressure gradient based on the flow path resistance of the blood flow path to obtain the internal pressure at a specific site in the blood flow path. It may be monitored and / or displayed. According to such a dialysis machine according to the present invention, leakage of blood from the blood flow path and various problems caused by such leakage of blood, for example, a problem of contamination of the dialysis machine due to contact with leaked blood. In addition, the dialysis machine can be operated advantageously while reliably monitoring the internal pressure of the blood flow path without causing any problems of disinfecting a dialysis machine contaminated by leaked blood or increasing the number of extra work for contamination inspection. It becomes possible. As a result, the extracorporeal circulation of the patient's blood, and thus the blood purification operation, can be carried out more safely and with good workability.

As a preferred method of operating the dialysis apparatus of the present invention, the water removal by the water removal mechanism is temporarily stopped,
It is possible to make the inflow rate of dialysate into the dialyzer equal to the outflow rate of dialysate from the dialyzer, and monitor the change in dialysate pressure detected each time water removal is stopped as the change in internal pressure in the blood flow path. The characteristic operating method of the dialysis device can be adopted.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, in order to specifically clarify the present invention, the configuration of a dialysis apparatus and an operating method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Figure 1
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a dialysis device having a structure according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a dialyzer as a purifier having a known structure used for blood purification, which is configured by housing a hollow fiber semipermeable membrane inside a circular cylindrical box, for example. There is.

An arterial blood circuit 12 for guiding blood from the patient's body is connected to one end of the dialyzer 10 in the axial direction, and blood purified by the dialyzer 10 is connected to the other end. The venous blood circuit 14 for returning the blood to the patient's body is connected. That is, here, the blood flow path is constituted by the arterial blood circuit 12, the blood circulation site in the dialyzer 10, and the venous blood circuit 14. A blood pump 16 is provided in the arterial blood circuit 12, and blood is circulated in the arterial blood circuit 12, the venous blood circuit 14, and the dialyzer 10 by the operation of the blood pump 16. . In addition, a vein chamber 18 is provided on the vein side blood circuit 14.
Is arranged, and the arterial blood circuit 12 and the venous blood circuit 1
4 and the dialyzer 10 are designed to remove the air entrained in the blood flowing through the dialyzer 10.

Further, the dialyzer 10 is connected to a dialysate inflow circuit 20 for guiding the dialysate into the dialyzer 10 from its storage tank (not shown).
A dialysate outflow circuit 22 for discharging the dialysate brought into contact with the blood flowing into the dialyzer 10 through the arterial blood circuit 12 through the semipermeable membrane from the dialyzer 10 is connected. So here,
The dialysate flow path is constituted by the dialysate inflow circuit 20, the dialysate flow portion in the dialyzer 10, and the dialysate discharge circuit 22.

On the flow paths of the dialysate inflow circuit 20 and the dialysate outflow circuit 22, a known dialysate supply / discharge / removal water adjusting device 24 is provided.
The fresh water dialysate introduced from the storage tank is flowed (supplied) into the dialyzer 10 through the dialysate inflow circuit 20 by the water removal control device 24, while being diffused and filtered from the blood side through the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer 10. The dialysate drainage fluid containing waste products, excess water, etc.
It is designed to flow out (discharge) from inside the dialyzer 10 through.

The operating state of the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24 is controlled by the control device 26, whereby the freshness of the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24 is controlled. The inflow amount of dialysate into the dialyzer 10 and the outflow amount of the dialysate drainage from the dialyzer 10 can be adjusted arbitrarily.

That is, the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 2
In 4, the amount of outflow of dialysate effluent from the dialyzer 10 to the dialyzer 10 is determined based on the water removal start signal output from the control device 26 to instruct the start of water removal. By increasing the flow rate from the inflow rate, water can be removed in the dialyzer 10 and the water removal rate can be adjusted by the difference between the outflow rate of the dialysate and the inflow rate of the fresh dialysate. , Based on a water removal stop signal output from the control device 26 to stop the water removal, the water removal is stopped by making the outflow amount of the dialysate drainage liquid and the inflow amount of the fresh dialysate liquid equal. The amount of water removed is set to zero. As is clear from this, in the present embodiment, the water removal mechanism is configured by the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal control device 24, and the control of the water removal mechanism including the temporary stop of the water removal is performed by the control device. It is supposed to be.

In this case, for the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24. The controller 26, which outputs a water removal start signal and a water removal stop signal for instructing the start and stop of the water removal, has a known timer mechanism built therein, and based on the timing of this timer mechanism, the water removal start is started. The signal and the water removal stop signal are alternately output, so that the water removal by the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal control device 24 is stopped, for example, every 30 minutes for 30 seconds.

A known pressure transducer 28 as a pressure detecting means is provided on the flow path of the dialysate outflow circuit 22 (or the dialysate inflow circuit 20). As a result, the dialysate outflow circuit 22 (or the dialysate inflow circuit 2
The dialysate pressure of 0) is detected, but this dialysate outflow circuit 22 (or dialysate inflow circuit 2
The dialysate pressure of 0) has a certain correlation with the dialyzer 1
It is known to mean the dialysate pressure in the central part of 0, and this pressure value is equal to the pressure on the blood side in the central part of the dialyzer 10. Therefore, the detection value detected by the pressure transducer 28 is converted into a value obtained by performing a certain calculation by the monitoring device 30 having a calculation function and constantly monitored, and the monitoring result is displayed on the display device 32. It has become so.

More specifically, here the detection of the dialysate pressure in the dialysate outflow circuit 22 (or dialysate inflow circuit 20), which is detected by the pressure transducer 28 and correlates with the dialysate pressure in the central part of the dialyzer 10. A detection signal based on the value is transmitted from the pressure transducer 28 to the monitoring device 30.
Meanwhile, the water removal start signal and the water removal stop signal output from the control device 26 are input to the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24 and at the same time to the monitoring device 30. It is supposed to be done. Then, in the monitoring device 30, the dialyzer supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24 is input by inputting a water removal stop signal from the control device 26.
The water removal due to is stopped and the inflow amount of dialysate into the dialyzer 10 and the outflow amount from the dialyzer 10 become equal, that is, there is no pressure difference between the dialysate pressure and the blood side pressure in the dialyzer 10. It is determined that the dialysate pressure in the central portion of the dialyzer 10 based on the detection signal input from the pressure transducer 28 is grasped and monitored as being substantially equal to the blood side pressure in the dialyzer 10, and The value is transmitted to the display device 32.

Further, in the monitoring device 30, when the water removal start signal is input from the control device 26,
It is configured such that it is determined that the water removal by the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24 has started. Then, the value of the dialysate pressure at the time when the detection signal input from the pressure transducer 28 is detected, which is detected under the continuous state of the water removal after an appropriate time has elapsed from the start of the water removal, and the start of the water removal. Compared with the measured value in the water removal stop state measured immediately before, the difference is calculated as the membrane resistance value due to water removal, from the dialysis pressure based on the detection signal from the pressure transducer 28 input at any time thereafter, Excluding the influence of the membrane resistance value, the result is continuously obtained as the blood side pressure value at the central portion of the dialyzer 10. Further, the obtained pressure on the blood side is transmitted to the display device 32 at the same time as the change over time is constantly monitored by the monitoring device 30.

Further, the display device 26 does not operate at the new water removal speed even if the water removal speed setting signal output device (not shown) instructs to change the water removal speed. Then, the water removal stop signal is output once, the dialysate pressure at the time of water removal stop is measured, and then water removal is started at a new water removal rate. The value of the dialysate pressure at the time when the detection signal becomes stable is compared with the measurement value in the water removal stopped state measured immediately before the start of water removal, and the difference is calculated as the membrane resistance value at the new water removal rate, Based on this value, the blood pressure at the central portion of the dialyzer is calculated thereafter.

If the resistance value of the blood flowing through the blood circuit is experimentally obtained in advance and the necessary value is input to the arithmetic unit of the monitoring device 30 in advance, only the pressure on the blood side at the center of the dialyzer 10 will be obtained. Of course, the pressure on the blood side at an arbitrary point, for example, the position of the chamber of the venous blood circuit 14 can be calculated, and the pressure at a more functional and safe measurement site can be extremely easily measured. Moreover, the pressure on the blood side can be accurately monitored. And thereby, more excellent usability can be exhibited. The display device 32 has a known monitor (not shown) to display the pressure on the blood side transmitted from the monitoring device 30, and the change over time of the pressure can be visually recognized on the monitor screen. It is like this.

By the way, when dialysis of a patient is performed using the dialysis machine having such a structure, for example, the following operation is performed. That is, first, the blood pump 16 on the arterial blood circuit 12 is continuously operated to continuously circulate the blood of the patient outside the body, while the timer mechanism incorporated in the control device 26 is operated. Next, dialyzer 1
The water removal is set to zero by equalizing the inflow and outflow of dialysate into 0. As a result, in the dialyzer 10, the removal of waste products accumulated in the blood is started by the diffusion action according to the concentration gradient of various components between the blood flowing into the dialyzer 10 and the dialysate, and The necessary components are replenished.

At this time, the pressure on the blood side is calculated from the pressure detected by the pressure transducer 28 by the calculation mechanism in the monitoring device 30, and the result is monitored. Further, after the measurement of the pressure is completed, the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24 discharges the dialysate, which is larger than the inflow of dialysate into the dialyzer 10, by a predetermined amount. As a result, water removal is started in an amount corresponding to the difference between the inflow amount of dialysate into the dialyzer 10 and the outflow amount thereof. Further, after the value of the dialysate pressure detected by the pressure transducer 28 becomes stable, the membrane resistance value resulting from the ultrafiltration at the set water removal rate is calculated from this pressure and monitored based on this membrane resistance value. The pressure on the blood side is calculated from the dialysate pressure by a calculation mechanism in the device 30. Furthermore, it is possible to continuously calculate the pressure at any point in the so-called vein-side blood flow path including the position of the blood-side vein chamber by taking into account the resistance value of the blood flowing through the blood flow path. Is. At this time, the above-mentioned blood pressure signal is sent from the monitoring device 30 to the display device 32,
Displayed on the monitor screen. By visually observing this monitor screen,
As the blood side pressure, the value displayed there is monitored for changes over time. When an abnormal change in pressure is observed, it is necessary to immediately investigate the cause and take appropriate measures according to the amount of change.

After that, after the predetermined time is measured by the timer mechanism of the control device 26, or when the setting of the water removal speed is changed, the water removal stop signal is immediately output from the control device 26 to indicate that the water removal is stopped. The value of the pressure transducer 28 is detected, and a water removal start signal is further output from the control device 26 to start water removal. With the pressure signal of the pressure transducer 28 being stable, the membrane according to the new ultrafiltration rate is detected. The resistance value is calculated, and the calculation of the blood side pressure is newly started based on this membrane resistance value, and the pressure is monitored, and the pressure is displayed by the display device 32. Based on the displayed pressure, the operator needs to monitor whether or not there is an abnormal change in this pressure, and if there is an abnormality, it is necessary to investigate the cause and take appropriate action.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the blood pressure is displayed on the monitor screen of the display device 32 during the dialysis, and the fluctuation can be monitored in real time. The cause of the fluctuation and the treatment can be immediately carried out, and the extracorporeal circulation of the blood of the patient and the purification operation of the blood of the patient can be carried out more safely. Moreover, in the present embodiment, the dialysate outflow circuit 2
2 (or the dialysate inflow circuit 20), the pressure on the blood side is calculated from the dialysate pressure detected by the pressure transducer 28, so that the pressure measurement line from the vein side blood circuit in general dialysis treatment is used. There is no need, and there is no risk of contamination due to blood leakage due to the trouble of the pressure measurement line. Therefore, it is understood that it has an advantageous safety mechanism as a device for extracorporeal circulation.

The specific structure of the present invention has been described above, but this is merely an example, and the present invention is not restricted by the above description. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the dialyzer 10 is configured by accommodating the hollow fiber-shaped semipermeable membrane inside the cylindrical box, but the structure of the dialyzer is not limited to this. Any of various known structures of a dialyzer incorporated in a dialysis machine can be adopted.

Further, in the above embodiment, the monitoring device 3
The pressure on the blood side, which is calculated and monitored by 0, is actually measured as a calculation element input to the calculation mechanism, for example, as a resistance value obtained from the known blood flow rate and the length and diameter of the blood circuit. Any value or calculation formula may be selected as long as theoretical matching can be obtained between the dialysate pressure and the pressure gradient on the blood side. It is obvious that the pressure is expressed at a specific portion inside.

Further, in the above embodiment, the display device 32 has a monitor, and the pressure value from the monitoring device 30 is displayed on the screen of the monitor. To simply notify that this pressure value has become different from the predetermined value,
There is no problem even if it is composed of a mere indicator light or alarm. Furthermore, the pressure detecting means for detecting the dialysate pressure is not limited to that shown in the above embodiment, and a known device having a structure capable of detecting the dialysate pressure can be appropriately adopted.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the water removing mechanism is controlled by the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24 for adjusting the inflow amount of the dialysate into the dialyzer 10 and the outflow amount of the dialyzer 10 under the control of the control device 26. However, such a water removing mechanism increases the outflow amount of the dialysate from the dialyzer 10 more than the inflow amount to the dialyzer 10, thereby removing water from the blood through the semipermeable membrane in the dialyzer 10. The structure is not particularly limited as long as it is configured to perform, and various known structures can be appropriately adopted. Therefore, for example, the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24 is configured so that the inflow amount of the dialysate into the dialyzer 10 and the outflow amount of the dialysate from the dialyzer 10 are always constant, while the dialyzer 10 is separately provided. It is also possible to configure a water removal mechanism by providing a water removal pump that removes water from the blood in the dialyzer 10 through the semipermeable membrane by sucking the dialysate from the connected dialysate outflow circuit 22. Is.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the control of the stop and start of the water removal by temporarily stopping the water removal by the water removal mechanism to make the amount of water removed from the blood zero is incorporated in the control device 26. It was automatically controlled based on the timing of the mechanism and the timing of changing the setting of the water removal speed.For example, it is possible to stop and restart water removal by manually operating a simple switch. You can

It is to be noted that the periodic stop and start of water removal by the dialysate supply / discharge / water removal adjusting device 24 is automatically controlled based on the timing of the timer mechanism incorporated in the control device 26. Also, the interval of stopping and resuming the water removal is not limited to that shown in the above-mentioned embodiment, and is appropriately determined depending on other factors of the entire dialysis treatment. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the control device 26 has the timer mechanism and the monitoring device 30 has the calculation mechanism, but if the control device 26 has a sufficient function to control the entire dialysis device, the control device 26 may be used. The timer mechanism and the arithmetic mechanism including the main body portion of the monitoring device 30 and the display device 32 may be incorporated in any part of the dialysis device, and the dialysis device connected by an electrical or mechanical mechanism may be used. It may be included in a device other than the device, and its configuration does not impose any restrictions on the present invention.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, fluctuations in the dialysate pressure detected under the stopped state and the continuous state of the water removal action are monitored as pressure fluctuations on the blood side including the inside of the dialyzer 10. However, it is of course possible to monitor only the change in the dialysate pressure detected every time the water removal is stopped as the pressure change on the blood side. In addition, although not enumerated one by one, the present invention can be carried out in a mode in which various changes, modifications, improvements, etc. are added based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and such an embodiment is not limited to the present invention. It goes without saying that all are included within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit.

[0038]

As is clear from the above description, in the dialysis device according to the present invention, fluctuations in the internal pressure of the blood flow path can be reliably monitored, thereby making the blood purification action safer. Can be done. Moreover, it becomes possible to prevent leakage of blood from the inside of the blood flow path to the outside due to the trouble of the monitoring mechanism of such internal pressure fluctuation, and thus, it is possible to advantageously reduce the contaminated portion due to contact with blood. ,
The work load for contamination inspection before operation can be reduced extremely effectively. Further, according to the operating method of the dialysis device according to the present invention, the leakage of blood from the inside of the blood flow path to the outside, and without causing any of the various problems caused by such leakage of blood, The dialysis machine can be operated extremely safely and advantageously while reliably monitoring the internal pressure fluctuation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an example of a dialysis device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Dializer 12 Arterial blood circuit 14 vein side blood circuit 20 dialysate inflow circuit 22 Dialysate outflow circuit 24 Dialysate supply / discharge / water removal control device 26 Control device 28 Pressure Transducer 30 monitoring equipment 32 display

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A dialyzer, a water removal mechanism for removing water from blood by increasing the outflow rate of dialysate from the dialyzer to an inflow rate to the dialyzer, and a dialyzer flow path. A pressure detecting means is included to temporarily stop the water removal by the water removing mechanism, and when the water removal is temporarily stopped, the internal pressure of the blood flow path is changed from the dialysate pressure detected by the pressure detecting means. A dialysis machine configured to calculate and obtain. 2. The detection of the dialysate pressure at the time of the temporary stop of the water removal, restarting the water removal, and detecting the dialysate pressure at the time when the dialysate pressure becomes stable after an appropriate time, The internal pressure of the blood flow path is calculated from the difference between the dialysate pressure and the dialysate pressure when the water removal is stopped, and the dialysate pressure continuously detected during the water removal. The dialysis machine described. 3. The dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the operation of calculating the internal pressure of the blood flow path is performed at regular intervals and / or each time the water removal amount is changed. 4. A monitoring means and / or a display means for directly or indirectly monitoring and / or displaying the obtained internal pressure of the blood channel is provided.
The dialysis device according to any one of 3 above. 5. A method of calculating and monitoring and / or displaying as an internal pressure of a specific portion in the blood flow path, which is calculated based on the detected dialysate pressure and a pressure gradient based on the flow path resistance or the like of the blood flow path. The dialysis device according to any one of 1 to 4. 6. The water removal by the water removal mechanism is temporarily stopped so that the inflow amount of the dialysate into the dialyzer and the outflow amount of the dialysate from the dialyzer are equalized, and detection is performed every time the water removal is stopped. The method for operating a dialysis machine according to claim 1, wherein a change in the dialysate pressure is monitored as a change in the internal pressure of the blood flow path.