JP2003214677A - Ventilation method and ventilation device - Google Patents
Ventilation method and ventilation deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003214677A JP2003214677A JP2002013832A JP2002013832A JP2003214677A JP 2003214677 A JP2003214677 A JP 2003214677A JP 2002013832 A JP2002013832 A JP 2002013832A JP 2002013832 A JP2002013832 A JP 2002013832A JP 2003214677 A JP2003214677 A JP 2003214677A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- introduction pipe
- outside air
- retaining material
- ventilation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、各種建築物に適用
でき、経済的に優れ、耐用年数が長い換気方法及び換気
装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation method and a ventilation device which can be applied to various buildings, are economically excellent and have a long service life.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、建築物の密閉性は極めて高いレベ
ルにあり、特に多数の人間が就労或いは居住する建築物
においては収容人員に対して必要酸素（外気）を確保
（導入）するための換気設備が必要であり、該換気設備
により一般的に一人当たり２０〜３０m2の外気が取り入
れられている。また、室内温度を快適な就労或いは居住
空間とするためには、取り入れられた外気を室内温度ま
で冷却或いは加温するための空調設備が必要であり、特
に外気が高温となる夏季等や逆に低温となる冬季等には
大きなエネルギーが必要になる。そこで、省エネルギー
手法として、全熱交換器を使用し、室内から排気される
空気と導入された外気との間で熱交換させることによ
り、外気負荷を軽減する方法が採られている。全熱交換
としては、回転型と静止型とがあり、回転型全熱交換器
は、吸湿性を持たせたローターの回転により排気から導
入外気に熱回収する蓄熱式熱交換器であり、円形ロータ
ーの約半分に排気が通過する時、この排気の熱（温度、
湿度）でローター部分が蓄熱、蓄湿され、ローターが回
転することによって蓄熱、蓄湿されたローター部分が、
導入外気側流路に入り、導入空気によってこの蓄熱、蓄
湿分が放出される。また、静止型全熱交換器は、特殊加
工紙の仕切板と間隔板とが直交状に積層された直交流形
プレートフィン式であって、排気空気と外気とが直交流
形プレートフィン式を通過する際に温度（顕熱）と湿度
（潜熱）の交換が行われるものである。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the airtightness of buildings has been extremely high, and especially for buildings where a large number of people are working or living, in order to secure (introduce) necessary oxygen (outside air) for the accommodation personnel. Ventilation equipment is required, and generally 20 to 30 m 2 of outside air is taken in per person by the ventilation equipment. Further, in order to make the indoor temperature a comfortable working or living space, it is necessary to have an air conditioning facility for cooling or heating the taken-in outdoor air to the indoor temperature, especially in summer when the outdoor air becomes hot or vice versa. A large amount of energy is required in winter when the temperature is low. Therefore, as an energy saving method, a method of reducing the load on the outside air by using a total heat exchanger and exchanging heat between the air exhausted from the room and the outside air introduced is adopted. There are two types of total heat exchange, a rotary type and a static type.The rotary type total heat exchanger is a heat storage type heat exchanger that recovers heat from the exhaust air to the outside air by rotating a rotor having a hygroscopic property, and is circular. When the exhaust passes through about half of the rotor, the heat (temperature,
(Humidity) causes the rotor part to store heat and moisture, and the rotation of the rotor causes the rotor part to store heat and moisture,
The heat and moisture accumulated in the introduced outside air flow path are released by the introduced air. Further, the static total heat exchanger is a cross flow plate fin type in which a partition plate of a specially processed paper and a spacing plate are stacked orthogonally, and the exhaust air and the outside air are of the cross flow plate fin type. When passing, the temperature (sensible heat) and humidity (latent heat) are exchanged.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記従
来の全熱交換器は、前述の熱交換システムを有する本体
設備が高価であり、またある程度大型でなければ所定の
換気流量及び十分な熱交換が得られないものであった。
さらに、回転型全熱交換器においては、円形ローターを
回転するための稼働電力を必要とするため、ランニング
コストがかかるという問題もあった。また、このような
全熱交換器の建築物への設置においては、外気の取り入
れ部と排気部は距離を離して設置しないとショートサー
キットを起こすため、建築的に工夫とスペースが必要に
なり、コストが高くなっていた。However, in the conventional total heat exchanger, the main equipment having the above-mentioned heat exchange system is expensive, and if it is not large to a certain extent, a predetermined ventilation flow rate and sufficient heat exchange cannot be achieved. I couldn't get it.
Further, in the rotary total heat exchanger, there is a problem that running cost is required because operating electric power for rotating the circular rotor is required. Also, when installing such a total heat exchanger in a building, a short circuit will occur unless the intake part of the outside air and the exhaust part are installed at a distance, so it is necessary to devise and space the structure. The cost was high.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記に鑑み提案
されたもので、建築物の外壁に、その外周を保水性材料
で構成した導入管を配設し、該導入管の外周の保水性材
料に適宜散水すると共に室内からの排気を導入管の外周
の保水性材料へ吹き当てることにより、導入管の内部を
通過する外気の温度を調整して室内に取り入れるように
したことを特徴とする換気方法に関するものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and an introduction pipe whose outer periphery is made of a water-retaining material is provided on the outer wall of a building, and the water retention of the outer periphery of the introduction pipe is performed. It is characterized in that the temperature of the outside air passing through the inside of the introduction pipe is adjusted and taken into the room by spraying water from the interior of the introduction pipe to the water-retaining material on the outer periphery of the introduction pipe while appropriately sprinkling water on the material. It is about the ventilation method to do.
【０００５】また、本発明は、前記換気方法を実施する
換気装置をも提案するものであり、外周を保水性材料で
構成した導入管と、外気を取り入れて導入管を通じて室
内に取り入れる空気導入機構と、導入管の外周の保水性
材料に連続的に或いは間欠的に散水する散水機構と、室
内からの排気を導入管の外周の保水性材料へ吹き当てる
空気排出機構と、を備えることを特徴とする。Further, the present invention also proposes a ventilation device for carrying out the above-mentioned ventilation method, and an introduction pipe having an outer periphery made of a water-retaining material, and an air introduction mechanism for taking in outside air into the room through the introduction pipe. And a water sprinkling mechanism that continuously or intermittently sprinkles water-retaining material on the outer circumference of the introduction pipe, and an air discharge mechanism that blows exhaust gas from the room onto the water-retaining material on the outer circumference of the introduction pipe. And
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明に使用する保水性材料は、
有機系でも無機系でも良く、有機系としては樹脂発泡成
形体などを用いれば良く、無機系としては多孔質コンク
リートなどを用いることができる。特にこの無機系の保
水性材料としては、粒径２.５mm以下の小径な骨材で構
成された多孔質コンクリート、或いは吸水性骨材で構成
された多孔質コンクリート、或いは粒径２.５mm以下の
小径な吸水性骨材で構成された多孔質コンクリートを用
いることが好ましい。尚、粒径２.５mmより大きい骨材
で構成した多孔質コンクリートは保水性が乏しい。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The water-retaining material used in the present invention is
It may be either organic or inorganic. For example, resin foam molding may be used as the organic material, and porous concrete or the like may be used as the inorganic material. In particular, as this inorganic water-retaining material, porous concrete composed of a small-diameter aggregate having a particle diameter of 2.5 mm or less, or porous concrete composed of a water-absorbing aggregate, or a particle diameter of 2.5 mm or less It is preferable to use porous concrete composed of a water-absorbing aggregate having a small diameter. It should be noted that porous concrete composed of aggregate having a particle size of more than 2.5 mm has poor water retention.
【０００７】そして、本発明における導入管は、各種管
材（パイプ材）の外周面に前記保水性材料を被覆した態
様でも良いし、剛性を有する保水性材料により導入管自
体を成形した態様でも良い。前者の態様に使用する管材
（パイプ材）としては、伝熱性に優れた素材が好まし
く、さらに耐水性に優れた素材或いは高耐水性を付与す
る表面処理を行った素材を用いることが好ましい。The introduction pipe in the present invention may be in a form in which the water-retaining material is coated on the outer peripheral surface of various pipe materials (pipe material), or the introduction pipe itself may be formed of a water-retaining material having rigidity. . As the pipe material (pipe material) used in the former embodiment, a material having excellent heat conductivity is preferable, and a material having excellent water resistance or a material subjected to surface treatment for imparting high water resistance is preferably used.
【０００８】前記構成の導入管に適宜に散水すると、導
入管の外周の保水性材料が水分を保水し、その水分が蒸
発（気化）する際の蒸発潜熱により導入管を冷却する。
導入管に連結されたダクト等もそれにより冷却される。When water is appropriately sprayed on the introduction pipe having the above-mentioned structure, the water-retaining material on the outer periphery of the introduction pipe retains water, and the introduction pipe is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization when the water evaporates (vaporizes).
A duct or the like connected to the introduction pipe is also cooled thereby.
【０００９】室内からの排気を導入管の外周の保水性材
料へ吹き当てるようにすると、水分の蒸発（気化）を促
進し、前述のような冷却作用を促進することができる。If the exhaust gas from the room is blown against the water-retaining material on the outer circumference of the introduction pipe, the evaporation (vaporization) of water can be promoted, and the cooling action as described above can be promoted.
【００１０】また、導入外気を効率よく冷却するため、
冷却された導入管とその内部を通過する導入外気との接
触面積を大きくする。その手段としては、建築物の外壁
に沿わせながら導入管を適宜に屈曲させたり長くした
り、或いは導入管内部やダクト内部にフィンを設けた
り、或いは適宜間隔で仕切板を配設して導入外気の流れ
を蛇行させるようにしても良い。Further, in order to efficiently cool the introduced outside air,
The contact area between the cooled inlet pipe and the introduced outside air passing through the inside is increased. As a means for this, the introduction pipe can be appropriately bent or lengthened along the outer wall of the building, or fins can be provided inside the introduction pipe or inside the duct, or by installing partition plates at appropriate intervals. The flow of outside air may be made to meander.
【００１１】このように、外気温度が高い夏季等におい
ては、冷却された導入管内を外気が通過することによ
り、外気を冷却して室内に取り入れることができる。As described above, in the summer when the temperature of the outside air is high, the outside air can be cooled and taken into the room by passing the inside of the cooled introduction pipe.
【００１２】上述の作用を継続させるには、適宜に散水
するか、所定間隔で間欠的に散水する散水機構を配備す
れば良く、保水された水分が消失するまでは上述の作用
が継続されるので、連続的に散水する必要がなく、また
散水する間隔は頻繁でなくても良い。散水する水は雨水
を貯留したものでも良く、エアコン等の排水等でも良
い。基本的には蒸発潜熱（気化熱）を用いるので、特に
その温度を規定するものではない。これに対し、導入管
の外周に単なる多孔質コンクリートを用いた場合には、
散水しても透水して濡れる程度であるため、散水した直
後には上述の作用を多少は期待できるが、その作用を継
続させるためには連続的に散水するか、或いは頻繁に散
水する必要があり、そのための散水機構のランニングコ
ストがかかる。In order to continue the above-mentioned action, it is only necessary to appropriately sprinkle or to provide a sprinkling mechanism for intermittently sprinkling water at predetermined intervals, and the above-mentioned action is continued until the retained water disappears. Therefore, it is not necessary to continuously sprinkle water, and the intervals of sprinkling do not have to be frequent. The water to be sprinkled may be rainwater stored, drainage from an air conditioner or the like. Since latent heat of vaporization (heat of vaporization) is basically used, its temperature is not particularly specified. On the other hand, when simply porous concrete is used on the outer circumference of the introduction pipe,
Even if water is sprinkled, it is only transparent and wet, so the above-mentioned action can be expected to some extent immediately after sprinkling, but it is necessary to sprinkle continuously or frequently to continue the action. There is a running cost for the watering mechanism for that purpose.
【００１３】また、外気温度が低い冬季等においては、
導入管を庇の直下に設けることが有効であり、夏季など
には太陽高度が高いため導入管への陽射しを庇が遮断
し、冬季などには太陽高度が低いため導入管へ陽射しが
浴びせられるので、導入管を加温し、その内部に導入さ
れた外気を暖めることができる。Also, in winter, when the outside air temperature is low,
It is effective to install the introduction pipe directly below the eaves, and the eaves block the sunlight from shining into the introduction pipe due to the high altitude of the sun in summer, etc. Therefore, the introduction pipe can be heated to warm the outside air introduced therein.
【００１４】本発明の換気方法は、建築物の外壁に応じ
て、適宜長さ及び形状の導入管を配設し、該導入管を熱
交換の場として利用するものであり、どのような建築物
においても適用でき、安価に且つ効率よく熱交換させる
ことができる。According to the ventilation method of the present invention, an introducing pipe having an appropriate length and shape is arranged according to the outer wall of a building, and the introducing pipe is used as a place for heat exchange. It can also be applied to products, and heat can be efficiently exchanged at low cost.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】建築物の外壁に、導入管１としてφ６００mm
で３mの長さのステンレスパイプの外周に３号硅砂を骨
材として用いた多孔質コンクリートを被覆して配し、図
１〜３に示す換気装置を設置した。図１の平面図及び図
２の側断面図では空気の流れを矢印で示した。また、導
入管１の詳しい構造及び散水装置２については図３に拡
大図を示した。図１，２の左側に示す外気取り入れ口３
から取り入れられた外気が導入管１の左端から導入され
る。この導入管１には散水装置２から適宜間隔で散水
（散水稼働条件については後述する）が施されると共に
排気口４から排気が吹き当てられるので、導入管１の表
面に保水された水分が蒸発（気化）して導入管１を冷却
し、導入管１を通過する外気を冷却することができる。
また、導入管１の内部には適宜間隔で仕切板１０が設け
られたので、空気は導入管１内を蛇行して流れ、導入管
１の壁面との接触面積が大きいものとなる。尚、図３に
おける符号５は送風機、６は外気を測定する温湿度計、
７は導入管１内の送風機側を測定する温湿度計、８は導
入管１内の排出側を測定する温湿度計、９は風速計（セ
ンサー）である。その結果、外気温度３４℃の時、即ち
外気取り入れ口では３４℃の外気を、導入管の末端部で
は３２〜３３℃にすることができ、１〜２℃の冷却効果
を得ることができた。[Example] 600 mm in diameter as the introduction pipe 1 on the outer wall of the building
The porous concrete using No. 3 silica sand as an aggregate was placed on the outer circumference of a stainless steel pipe having a length of 3 m, and the ventilation device shown in FIGS. In the plan view of FIG. 1 and the side sectional view of FIG. 2, the flow of air is indicated by arrows. The detailed structure of the introduction pipe 1 and the sprinkler 2 are shown in an enlarged view in FIG. Outside air intake 3 shown on the left side of Figs.
The outside air taken in from is introduced from the left end of the introduction pipe 1. Since water is sprayed from the water spraying device 2 at appropriate intervals (spraying operation conditions will be described later) and exhaust gas is blown from the exhaust port 4, the water retained on the surface of the introduction pipe 1 is The introduction pipe 1 can be cooled by evaporating (vaporizing), and the outside air passing through the introduction pipe 1 can be cooled.
Further, since the partition plates 10 are provided inside the introducing pipe 1 at appropriate intervals, the air meanders in the introducing pipe 1 and the contact area with the wall surface of the introducing pipe 1 becomes large. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 5 is a blower, 6 is a thermo-hygrometer for measuring the outside air,
Reference numeral 7 is a thermo-hygrometer for measuring the blower side in the introduction pipe 1, 8 is a thermo-hygrometer for measuring the discharge side in the introduction pipe 1, and 9 is an anemometer (sensor). As a result, when the outside air temperature was 34 ° C., that is, outside air at 34 ° C. at the outside air intake port could be 32 to 33 ° C. at the end portion of the introduction pipe, and cooling effect at 1 to 2 ° C. could be obtained. .
【００１６】前記換気装置による冷却と全熱交換器との
ランニングコストを比較する。
条件；運転時間：１日８時間、年間７５日、６００時間
／年、
処理風量：１０００3／ｈ
１）前記本発明の換気装置の場合；
１回の散水量：１０Ｌ/min、１回当たりの散水時間：
０.５min、
散水間隔：３０min、１日当たりの散水回数：１６回
１年間の総水使用量；１０Ｌ/min×０.５min×１６回×
７５日＝６０００Ｌ水道料金１９７円／m3
∵総水道料金＝１９７円／m3×６m3＝１１８２円／年
２）全熱交換器の場合；
全熱交換器消費電力７３０Ｗ
電力料金１６円／kＷ
∵総電力料金＝０.７３kＷ×６００時間×１６円／kＷ
＝７００８円／年
したがって、本発明の換気装置の方が省エネルギーであ
る。The running costs of cooling by the ventilation device and the total heat exchanger will be compared. Conditions: Operating time: 8 hours a day, 75 days a year, 600 hours / year, treated air volume: 1000 3 / h 1) In the case of the ventilator of the present invention: Water sprinkling amount per time: 10 L / min, per time Sprinkling time of:
0.5 min, watering interval: 30 min, number of watering per day: 16 times Total amount of water used for one year; 10 L / min x 0.5 min x 16 times x
75 days = 6000L Water charge 197 yen / m 3 ∵ Total water charge = 197 yen / m 3 × 6m 3 = 1182 yen / year 2) In case of total heat exchanger; Total heat exchanger power consumption 730W Electric power charge 16 yen / kW ∵ Total electricity charge = 0.73 kW x 600 hours x 16 yen / kW
= 7008 yen / year Therefore, the ventilation device of the present invention is energy saving.
【００１７】本発明は、実施例に限定されるものではな
く、前記特許請求の範囲を変更しない限りどのように実
施することもできる。The present invention is not limited to the embodiments, but can be implemented in various ways without changing the scope of the claims.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の換気方法
及び換気装置は、各種建築物に容易に適用でき、経済的
に優れ、耐用年数が長いものである。例えば従来の全熱
交換器に比べて設備施工費が安価であり、ランニングコ
ストも抑えることができる。As described above, the ventilation method and the ventilation device of the present invention can be easily applied to various buildings, are economically excellent, and have a long service life. For example, the facility construction cost is lower than that of the conventional total heat exchanger, and the running cost can be suppressed.
【図１】本発明の換気装置の一実施例を示す平面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a ventilation device of the present invention.
【図２】図１の換気装置の側断面図である。FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the ventilation device of FIG.
【図３】（ａ）図１の換気装置の要部の拡大斜視図、
（ｂ）Ｂ−Ｂ線における断面図、（ｃ）Ｃ−Ｃ線におけ
る断面図である。3 (a) is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the ventilation device shown in FIG.
(B) It is sectional drawing in the BB line, (c) It is sectional drawing in the CC line.
１ 導入管 ２ 散水装置 ３ 外気取り入れ口 ４ 排気口 ５ 送風機 ６ 外気を測定する温湿度計 ７ 導入管内の送風機側を測定する温湿度計 ８ 導入管内の排出側を測定する温湿度計 ９ 風速計（センサー） 1 Introductory pipe 2 Sprinkler 3 Outside air intake 4 exhaust port 5 blower 6 Thermo-hygrometer to measure the outside air 7 Thermo-hygrometer that measures the blower side in the introduction pipe 8 Thermo-hygrometer to measure the discharge side in the introduction pipe 9 Anemometer (sensor)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 金田 真一 東京都杉並区上高井戸１−７−16 小沢コ ンクリート工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 國嶋 典裕 東京都杉並区上高井戸１−７−16 小沢コ ンクリート工業株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Shinichi Kaneda 1-7-16 Kamikoido, Suginami-ku, Tokyo Ko Ozawa Ncreet Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Norihiro Kunishima 1-7-16 Kamikoido, Suginami-ku, Tokyo Ko Ozawa Ncreet Industry Co., Ltd.
Claims (3)
で構成した導入管を配設し、該導入管の外周の保水性材
料に適宜散水すると共に室内からの排気を導入管の外周
の保水性材料へ吹き当てることにより、導入管の内部を
通過する外気の温度を調整して室内に取り入れるように
したことを特徴とする換気方法。1. An outer wall of a building is provided with an introduction pipe whose outer periphery is made of a water-retaining material, and water is appropriately sprinkled on the water-retaining material on the outer periphery of the introduction pipe, and exhaust gas from the room is provided on the outer periphery of the introduction pipe. The ventilation method is characterized in that the temperature of the outside air passing through the inside of the introduction pipe is adjusted by blowing it onto the water-retaining material of 1.
構成された多孔質コンクリート、或いは吸水性骨材で構
成された多孔質コンクリートであることを特徴とする請
求項１に記載の換気方法。2. The water-retentive material is porous concrete composed of aggregate having a particle size of 2.5 mm or less, or porous concrete composed of water-absorbent aggregate. Ventilation method.
外気を取り入れて導入管を通じて室内に取り入れる空気
導入機構と、導入管の外周の保水性材料に散水する散水
機構と、室内からの排気を導入管の外周の保水性材料へ
吹き当てる空気排出機構と、を備えることを特徴とする
換気装置。3. An introduction pipe having an outer periphery made of a water-retaining material,
An air introduction mechanism that takes in outside air and takes it into the room through the introduction pipe, a water sprinkling mechanism that sprinkles water on the water retentive material on the outer circumference of the introduction pipe, and an air discharge mechanism that blows the exhaust air from the room to the water retentive material on the outer circumference of the introduction pipe. A ventilation device comprising:
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002013832A JP3969705B2 (en) | 2002-01-23 | 2002-01-23 | Ventilation method and ventilation device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002013832A JP3969705B2 (en) | 2002-01-23 | 2002-01-23 | Ventilation method and ventilation device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003214677A true JP2003214677A (en) | 2003-07-30 |
| JP3969705B2 JP3969705B2 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002013832A Expired - Fee Related JP3969705B2 (en) | 2002-01-23 | 2002-01-23 | Ventilation method and ventilation device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009063227A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-26 | Caterpillar Japan Ltd | Air conditioning control device |
| JP2009063226A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-26 | Caterpillar Japan Ltd | Structure of computer lab |
| JP2009063224A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-26 | Caterpillar Japan Ltd | Air conditioning system |
| JP2009063225A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-26 | Caterpillar Japan Ltd | Indoor cooling method |
-
2002
- 2002-01-23 JP JP2002013832A patent/JP3969705B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009063227A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-26 | Caterpillar Japan Ltd | Air conditioning control device |
| JP2009063226A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-26 | Caterpillar Japan Ltd | Structure of computer lab |
| JP2009063224A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-26 | Caterpillar Japan Ltd | Air conditioning system |
| JP2009063225A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-26 | Caterpillar Japan Ltd | Indoor cooling method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3969705B2 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
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