JP2003201479A - Continuous dry distillation unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the invasion of air to a dry distillation unit main body from an inlet port side. <P>SOLUTION: The continuous dry distillation unit made so as to distill wasted materials 15 in the dry distillation unit main body 1 consisting of an inner tube 3 and outer tube 2 by heating from the outside is provided by installing a sucking device 24 for sucking air in a screw conveyer 16 and exhausting, at the screw conveyer 16 conveying the filled waste materials through a throwing in hopper 14 and supplying them to the inside of the inner tube 3. The sucking device 24 is equipped with a sucking box 26 mounted at the outside of a screw casing 19 so as to surround a ventilating port 25 installed on the wall 19a of the screw casing 19 of the screw conveyer 16, from its outside, and a sucking fan 28 joined to the sucking box 26 through an sucking tube 27. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a continuous dry distillation in which waste such as municipal waste and shredder dust such as household appliances are pyrolyzed by external heat in a low oxygen atmosphere as a target of dry distillation and subjected to dry distillation. It relates to the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional continuous dry distillation apparatus used for dry distillation treatment of wastes such as municipal waste has one end in the longitudinal direction fixedly arranged via a support base 4 as shown in FIG. The outer cylinder 2 that is rotatably drivable via the rotary joint 6 to the inlet cylinder 5a, and the other end to the outlet cylinder 5b that is fixedly arranged via the support base 4. The cylinder 5b side is inclined so as to be lowered, and the cylinder 5b is arranged horizontally so that the inner cylinder 3 is concentrically housed in the outer cylinder 2 and the heating flow path 7 is provided between the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3. So that both ends of the outer cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 are fixed by fixing members 8 so that both ends of the inner cylinder 3 communicate with the heating flow path 7 inside the inlet cylinder 5a. A supply pipe 3a arranged concentrically so as to form a passage, and a discharge pipe 3b arranged concentrically inside the outlet tube 5b. It is connected communicates with, between the end portion and the inlet tube 5a of the supply pipe 3a and the discharge pipe 3b
Of the carbonization device main body 1 each provided with a flange-shaped sealing material 9 for sealing between the end portion of the outlet cylinder 5b and the outlet cylinder 5b, and a heat medium 13 such as hot air is supplied from the heat medium supply port 11 provided in the outlet cylinder 5b. Heat medium discharge port 12 introduced and provided in the inlet cylinder 5a
While flowing out further, the inside of the inner cylinder 3 can be heated by the heat medium 13 flowing through the heating flow path 7. Further, the other end side of the screw conveyor 16 as a dry distillation object supply device, one end of which is connected to the charging hopper 14, is disposed inside the supply pipe 3a and fixed to the end face wall of the inlet tube 5a. The separation chamber 17 is connected to the outlet cylinder 5b, and the waste 15 as a dry distillation target charged in the charging hopper 14 is fed into the inner cylinder 3 by the screw conveyor 16 through the supply pipe 3a of the inlet cylinder 5a. The heat medium 13 is circulated from the outlet cylinder 5b side toward the inlet cylinder 5a side in the heating flow path 7 formed between the inner and outer cylinders of the carbonization apparatus body 1 while gradually supplying the heat medium 13 to the inner cylinder 3 Waste in 15
Is continuously pyrolyzed by external heat with the periphery of the inner cylinder 3 as a high-temperature heat transfer surface, and is dry-distilled. Pyrolysis gas 1 after moving to the separation chamber 17 connected to
5a is sucked and exhausted through the exhaust gas pipe 10 by the suction fan 18 from above, and the product 15b is taken out from the lower end of the separation chamber 17.

The screw conveyor 16 is provided with a charging port 20 for communicating with the charging hopper 14 at the upper part on one end side of a cylindrical screw casing 19 extending in the lateral direction, and other screw casings 19 are provided. The end is opened as the discharge port 21, and the other end side of the screw casing 19 is arranged so as to penetrate the end face wall of the inlet cylinder 5a and be inserted into the supply pipe 3a as described above. Further, the shaft base end portion of the screw 22 housed in parallel in the screw casing 19 is connected to the drive device 23 by penetrating one end wall of the screw casing 19.
By driving 3 to rotate the screw 22,
The waste material 15 supplied into the screw casing 19 from the input hopper 14 through the input port 20 can be conveyed and supplied into the inner cylinder 3 through the discharge port 21, and the fixed amount of the waste material 15 is supplied to the inner cylinder 3. It is designed to ensure the sex.

In the continuous dry distillation apparatus, when the waste material 15 as the object of dry distillation is dry-distilled in the inner cylinder 3 of the main body 1 of the dry distillation apparatus in the low oxygen state by external heat,
It is necessary to prevent air from entering the inner cylinder 3. Therefore, on the inlet side of the carbonization device main body 1, a material seal is formed by filling the waste hopper 14 and the screw conveyor 16 with the waste material 15, thereby blocking the inside and outside of the device, and allowing the air to easily enter the inside of the device. On the other hand, at the outlet side of the carbonization device body 1, on the other hand, the suction fan 18 communicating with the separation chamber 17 creates a gas flow from the inside of the carbonization device body 1 to the outside, and the air flows backward to the inside. I try to prevent it.

[0005]

However, at the inlet side of the main body 1 of the carbonization device, the waste 15 which is the object of carbonization is filled in the charging hopper 14 and the screw conveyor 16 so that the inside and outside of the device are shut off from each other. If you do, waste 15
Is insufficiently filled, or if there are many gaps between the wastes 15 even if the filling is sufficient, an air passage may be formed during operation, and such an air passage can be formed. Then, you will not be able to shut off the air. Therefore, even if the air cannot be shut off, it is necessary to prevent the invasion of the air into the inside of the apparatus so that the waste 15 under carbonization in the inner cylinder 3 will not be damaged. Is.

Therefore, the present invention is intended to prevent the invasion of air into the main body of the carbonization device even if an air passage is formed in the carbonization object.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a dry distillation object in an inner cylinder by external heat generated by a heat medium introduced into a heating flow path between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. At the entrance side of the main body of the carbonization device, there is a feeding hopper and a device for supplying the carbonization object, so that the carbonization object is continuously supplied into the main body of the carbonization device. In the above configuration, the air in the dry distillation target at the location where the material seal is formed by the dry distillation target supplied into the main body of the dry distillation device is sucked by the suction device and discharged to the outside of the device.

[0008] During operation, if the air in the dry distillation object at the portion where the material seal is formed is sucked and discharged out of the apparatus, the entry of air from the inlet side into the main body of the dry distillation apparatus is prevented. .

[0009] Further, the carbonization object in the inner cylinder is subjected to carbonization by the external heat of the heat medium introduced into the heating flow path between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. In a continuous dry distillation apparatus in which there is a hopper and a dry distillation object supply device, and the dry distillation object is continuously supplied into the main body of the dry distillation apparatus, the dry distillation object supply device is a screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor By providing a ventilation port on the screw casing wall or the charging hopper wall, and by providing a suction device configured to suck the inside of the screw casing or the charging hopper through a suction pipe connected to the ventilation port. The air accumulated between dry distillation objects before being supplied into the main body of the dry distillation apparatus can be discharged to the outside of the apparatus from the part of the screw conveyor or the input hopper. The entry of air from the inlet side to the body is prevented.

Further, by forming the ventilation port at the screw casing wall of the screw conveyor near the inside of the main body of the carbonization device, the air in the object to be carbonized inside the screw conveyor and the gas in the main body of the carbonization device are formed. Since a part of the air can be sucked through the ventilation hole, intrusion of air from the inlet side into the main body of the carbonization device can be prevented more reliably.

Furthermore, since the filter is detachably attached to the ventilation port, the air is sucked through the filter, so that even a small carbonization object can be discharged to the outside of the apparatus. Air can be sucked in without needing to do so, and the filter can be easily removed and cleaned, or replaced with a new one.

Further, by setting the pressure inside the suction device to be lower than the pressure inside the carbonization device body, the gas inside the device body is slightly drawn by the suction device, so that the air into the device body is reduced. Can be prevented more reliably.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1A and 1B show an embodiment in which the present invention is adopted in the continuous carbonization apparatus shown in FIG. 7.
Waste 15 as a material for carbonization is charged into the main body 1 of the carbonization apparatus from the input hopper 14 into the screw conveyor 16 which is a device for supplying the material for carbonization, and a waste material at a place where a material seal is formed by the waste 15 itself. A suction device 24 for discharging the air from inside 15 is provided.

The suction device 24 is a screw casing 1.
9 and the wall of the input hopper 14 are provided with a ventilation port 25, and the ventilation port 25 is connected to a suction fan 28 via a suction box 26 and a suction pipe 27. Make sure that air is sucked in and discharged from the equipment. When the vent hole 25 is provided in the screw casing 19, a position near the inside of the apparatus main body is preferable.

1A and 1B show a screw conveyor 1
6 shows an example in which the suction device 24 is provided in the screw casing 19 of No. 6, and as the vent hole 25,
It shows a case in which a large number of small holes are provided side by side.

As shown in FIG. 1 (b), when the vent hole 25 is formed by a large number of small holes 25a, the bottom surface of the screw casing 19 or the wall 19a of the side surface of the screw casing 19 is moved inward and outward in an appropriate size range. A large number of small holes 25a penetrating therethrough are provided, and a suction box 26 is airtightly and detachably attached to the outside of the vent holes 25 formed of the small holes 25a so as to cover the vent holes 25. Further, a suction pipe 27 is connected to the suction box 26, and by operating a suction fan 28 provided in the suction pipe 27, air is sucked from the waste 15 through the suction box 26 and the ventilation port 25 to externally. To be discharged.

In FIG. 2, the vent hole 25 is a circular or square hole 25b having a required size, and a filter 29 is replaceably incorporated in the hole 25b. The filter 29 has a structure that allows more air to be sucked in.
It is held in a holder frame 30 of a size that can be fitted in b, and the flange 30a at the outer end of the holder frame 30 is detachably attached to the wall 19a. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

As the filter 29, the waste material 15 to be carbonized is hardly passed through air (gas).
A metal mesh structure that allows the passage of the filter 29 is used, and the inner surface of the filter 29 is attached to the wall 19a.
The waste material 15 is smoothly conveyed by being flush with the inner wall surface of the waste material 15.

Further, in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 (a), (b) and FIG. 2, the suction force is applied to the inside of the suction box 26 by the suction fan 28 so that the ventilation port 25 and the filter 29 are passed through the screw casing 19. In order to be able to suck the air, the atmospheric pressure applied to the suction box 26 is set to be slightly lower than the internal atmospheric pressure of the inner cylinder 3 of the carbonization device body 1.

The same parts as those in FIG. 7 are designated by the same reference numerals.

While rotating the main body 1 of the carbonization device at low speed, the waste 15 as the object of carbonization charged from the inside of the input hopper 14 to the inside of the screw conveyor 16 is continuously conveyed by the screw conveyor 16 to form the main body of the carbonization device. 1
When the suction fan 28 is driven and a suction force is applied to the inside of the suction box 26 via the suction pipe 27 at the time of the operation in which the carbon dioxide is supplied to the suction box 26, the suction port 28 of the ventilation port 25 communicating with the suction box 26 is generated. A suction force is applied to the waste 15 through the filters 29 in the small holes 25a and the holes 25b. As a result, even if air is mixed in the waste material 15 conveyed into the main body 1 of the carbonization apparatus, the air can be sucked and discharged to the outside of the apparatus via the suction box 26 and the suction pipe 27. In this case, as shown in FIG.
When the suction box 26 is provided in the screw casing 19 close to the carbonization device body 1, the pressure applied to the suction box 27 is set to be slightly lower than the internal pressure of the inner cylinder 3 of the carbonization device body 1. Therefore, a part of the gas in the inner cylinder 3 as well as the air in the screw casing 19 of the screw conveyor 16 can be stably drawn to the suction box 27.

As described above, since air can be sucked from the waste material 15 to be transported and discharged to the outside of the apparatus,
Even if the filling of the waste 15 into the charging hopper 14 is insufficient or there is a gap between the filled wastes 15, the air staying in the gap remains inside the carbonization device body 1. It is possible to prevent invasion, prevent the situation in which the waste material 15 during dry distillation is burned due to the inclusion of air, and to realize stable continuous dry distillation of the waste material 15.

In the above, since the air in the waste 15 is sucked through the small holes 25a and the filter 29,
Even small waste 15 is not discharged outside the device. When the filter 29 is used, its inner surface is formed along the inner wall surface of the wall 19a of the screw casing 19, so that the waste material 15 to be conveyed is not caught by the filter 29. Further, since the suction box 26 and the filter 29 are detachably attached to the wall 19a of the screw casing 19, the suction box 26 and the filter 29 can be easily detached for periodical or timely cleaning, and can be easily replaced with a new one. You can also

Next, FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the small hole 25 is directly formed in the wall 19a shown in FIG.
In place of the one in which a is provided to form the vent hole 25, a large hole 25b is provided as shown in FIG. 2, and a perforated plate 32 formed by forming a large number of small holes 31 in the hole 25b is used as a filter 29. Like the above, it is detachably fitted. Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 2. According to this embodiment, the same operational effect as in the case of the above embodiment can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a large number of cleaning pins are aligned with the positions of a large number of small holes 25a constituting the vent hole 25 shown in FIG. A plate 34 having 33 projecting from the inner surface thereof is arranged in the suction box 26 so that the cleaning pin 33 can be displaced in a direction in which the cleaning pin 33 faces the outer surface of the vent hole 25 portion, and moves toward and away from the outer surface of the ventilation port 25. The guide rod 35 attached to the center of the outer surface of the suction box 26 penetrates the suction box 26 and projects outward in a slidable and airtight manner. A compression spring 37 is interposed between the cleaning pin 3 and the side surface, and the rod 35 is pressed against the compression spring 37 to press and displace the plate 34 so that the plate 34 approaches the outer surface of the ventilation port 25. And it is obtained by allowing the cleaning of the small holes 25a in the insert at the small hole 25a.

In order to make it easier to insert the cleaning pin 33 into the small hole 25a, the tip of the cleaning pin 33 should be sharpened, and the outer edge of the small hole 25a should be provided with a tapered counterbore. Is advantageous.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the air in the waste material 15 in the screw casing 19 is sucked into the suction box 27 through many small holes 25a, and the suction pipe 2
When the gas is discharged to the outside of the apparatus through the nozzle 8, the flange 36 is pushed periodically or at an appropriate time so that the plate 34 is vented to the vent hole 2.
The cleaning pin 33 is pressed against the 5th section and the small hole 25
By inserting the plug into a, the small hole 25a can be cleaned to eliminate the clogging even if the small hole 25a is clogged, so that stable reliability can be obtained for a long period of time. At this time, the plate 34 on which the cleaning pin 33 is provided is
Since the displacement force in the direction away from the vent hole 25 is applied by the compression spring 37, it is not necessary to perform the operation of pulling back the rod 35 one by one, and furthermore, the suction box 26 is attached to the wall 19a of the screw casing 19.
Since the small hole 25a can be cleaned without removing the small hole 25a, the cleaning operation can be easily performed.

Next, FIG. 5 shows an example in which the cleaning means for the small holes 25a shown in FIG. 4 is adopted as the cleaning means for the small holes 31 of the perforated plate 32 shown in FIG. The same symbols are attached to the items.

Also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a large number of small holes 31 can be easily cleaned.

Further, FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which the suction device 24 is used as a wall portion of the feeding hopper 14. That is, a large number of small holes 25 as shown in FIG.
a ventilation hole 25 made of a, or a hole 2 as shown in FIG.
The filter 29 may be attached to the vent hole 25 formed of 5b, or the perforated plate 32 may be attached to the vent hole 25 formed of the hole 25b as shown in FIG.
A device provided with a means for cleaning the small holes 25a of the vent holes 25 and the small holes 31 of the perforated plate 32 is provided, and the suction box 26 is attached to the outside thereof to remove the air in the waste 15 in the input hopper 14. It is designed so that it can be discharged to the outside.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the suction device 24 is provided on the side wall of the charging hopper 14, the air can be sucked from the gap of the waste 15 before being pushed into the screw conveyor 16. It is possible to prevent air from being brought into the dry distillation apparatus main body 1 through the screw conveyor 16. Therefore, as in the case of the above embodiment, stable dry distillation can be realized.

In the above embodiment, the filter 2
The case where a metal mesh structure is used is shown as 9, but any other one may be used as long as it has air permeability to the extent that a fine dry distillation object is not passed. The position where the vent hole 25 is provided is not limited to the position shown in the above-mentioned embodiment, and if the material seal is formed on the inlet side of the carbonization device body 1, another type of carbonization object Needless to say, the present invention may be applied to a continuous dry distillation apparatus that employs a material supply device, and various changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0034]

As described above, the continuous dry distillation apparatus of the present invention exhibits the following excellent effects. (1) At the inlet side of the carbonization device main body, which is configured to carbonize the object of carbonization in the inner cylinder by the external heat by the heat medium introduced into the heating flow path between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a charging hopper and In a continuous carbonization device in which there is a carbonization object supply device and the carbonization object is continuously supplied into the carbonization device body, a material seal is provided by the carbonization object supplied into the carbonization device body. Since the air in the dry distillation target of the formed part is sucked out by the suction device and discharged to the outside of the device, the dry distillation is performed by applying suction pressure to the part where the material seal is formed. It is possible to create a flow of air that allows the air on the inlet side of the equipment body to flow outside the equipment, which can prevent air from entering the body of the carbonization equipment and burn the material for carbonization by the inclusion of air. Occurrence of obstacles such as It is possible to prevent the deer. (2) At the inlet side of the main body of the carbonization device, which is designed to carbonize the object of carbonization inside the inner cylinder by the external heat by the heat medium introduced into the heating flow path between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and a charging hopper. There is a dry distillation target supply device, and in a continuous dry distillation device in which the dry distillation target is continuously supplied into the main body of the dry distillation device, the dry distillation target supply device is a screw conveyor, and the screw of the screw conveyor is A screw is provided by providing a ventilation hole in the casing wall or the charging hopper wall, and by providing a suction device configured to suck the inside of the screw casing or the charging hopper through a suction pipe connected to the ventilation hole. The air accumulated in the gap of the dry distillation object in the conveyor or the input hopper can be sucked out of the equipment from the wall part of the screw conveyor or the input hopper, and the dry distillation can be performed. It is possible to prevent air from entering the Okimoto body, the continuous carbonization carbonization object in carbonization apparatus main body can be stably performed. (3) By arranging the ventilation port at the screw casing wall of the screw conveyor near the inside of the main part of the carbonization device, the air in the object of carbonization inside the screw conveyor and part of the gas in the main part of the carbonization device Since and can be sucked and discharged through the ventilation port, invasion of air into the main body of the carbonization device can be reliably prevented. (4) By adopting a configuration in which a filter is detachably attached to the ventilation port, it is possible to suck air even if a small dry distillation target is not discharged to the outside of the device, and also to clean the filter. And the filter can be easily replaced. (5) By setting the atmospheric pressure in the suction device to be lower than the atmospheric pressure in the carbonization device body, the flow of the gas in the carbonization device body to the suction device can be stabilized, so the carbonization device body It is possible to prevent air from entering the inside more reliably.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a continuous dry distillation apparatus of the present invention, in which (a) is a schematic view of the whole and (b) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a suction device which is a main part.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a suction device showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a suction device showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial view showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial view showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an example of a continuous carbonization device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Main body of carbonization device 2 outer cylinder 3 inner cylinder 13 Heat medium 14 Input hopper 15 Waste (substances subject to carbonization) 16 Screw Conveyor (Dry distillation object supply device) 19 screw casing 19a wall 24 Suction device 25 vents 26 Suction box 27 Suction tube 28 Suction fan 29 filters

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A charging device for introducing a carbonization target object in the inner cylinder to the inlet side by means of external heat from a heat medium introduced into a heating flow path between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. In a continuous dry distillation apparatus in which there is a hopper and a dry distillation object supply device, and the dry distillation object is continuously supplied into the main body of the dry distillation apparatus, a material is produced by the dry distillation object supplied into the main body of the dry distillation apparatus. A continuous dry distillation apparatus having a structure in which air in a dry distillation object at a place where a seal is formed is sucked by a suction device and discharged to the outside of the device. 2. A carbonization device main body in which the object of carbonization in the inner cylinder is carbonized by external heat from a heat medium introduced into a heating flow path between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. In a continuous dry distillation apparatus in which there is a hopper and a dry distillation object supply device, and the dry distillation object is continuously supplied into the main body of the dry distillation apparatus, the dry distillation object supply device is a screw conveyor, and the screw conveyor A screw casing wall or a charging hopper wall is provided with a vent, and a suction device configured to suck the inside of the screw casing or the charging hopper via a suction pipe connected to the vent is provided. A characteristic continuous distillation device. 3. The continuous carbonization device according to claim 2, wherein the position where the vent is provided is the screw casing wall of the screw conveyor near the inside of the main body of the carbonization device. 4. The continuous dry distillation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a filter is detachably attached to the ventilation port. 5. The continuous carbonization device according to claim 1, wherein the atmospheric pressure in the suction device is set lower than the atmospheric pressure in the main body of the carbonization device.