JP2003199394A - Motor controller for centrifugal machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the controller of a motor driving a rotor for centrifugation, where the current supplied or returned from a power source is made into a current waveform where harmonics current is reduced by a high power factor, at power running/power regeneration operation of the motor. <P>SOLUTION: A bidirectional power converter for power source 22, where an AC side is connected to an AC power source through a reactor 23 and a DC side is connected to a smoothing capacitor 24, and a bidirectional power converter 26 where an AC side is connected to the motor 28 and a DC side is connected to the smoothing capacitor 24 are disposed. A control means 100 controls the two power converters. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotor for centrifugal separation.
In the control device of the motor that drives
Suppresses harmonic components of current passing through the power supply during speed and deceleration
And control devices with improved current waveform distortion and power factor.
It is. 2. Description of the Related Art A conventional centrifuge motor control device is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
2 sets of thyristor 2 and thyristor bridge 3 for regeneration
Connect the star bridge in the opposite direction on the AC side and DC side
And a bidirectional power conversion function for the power supply.
The inverter circuit 5 for driving the motor 4 and these
Choke coil 6 for improving the power factor of the power supply current
And smoothing capacitor 7 to form the main circuit
Powering each as a control signal from the machine control CPU 8
Thyristor bridge 2 for regeneration, thyristor bridge 3 for regeneration
Gate count 2G, 3G has a gate pulse delay timer
Drivers 11, 12 via LSIs 9, 10
The gate ignition signal is supplied via the sense circuits 13 and 14.
The transistor of the inverter circuit 5 has a timer LSI
15 oscillation outputs are generated by transistor on / off pattern
It is supplied to a raw logic circuit (PLD) 16 and outputs this signal.
Is amplified by the base driver 17 and the transistor base is amplified.
And supplied to the CPU 8 for centrifuge control.
The signal of the V sensor 18 for detecting the voltage of the power supply 1 is input.
0 as a reference phase signal
ing. The CPU 8 for controlling the centrifuge,
When accelerating and setting 0, V / f control of the motor 4
Phase control of the powering thyristor bridge 2 for smoothing
PAM control for adjusting the charging voltage of the capacitor 7 is performed.
When the motor 4 decelerates or stops the rotor 20,
The electric energy generated by the motor 4 is regenerated to the AC power supply 1.
Phase control of the regenerative thyristor bridge 3
For discharging the charge of the sliding capacitor 7 to the AC power supply 1
Raw control is being performed. [0003] Therefore, this type of conventional
Centrifuge motor controller has large moment of inertia
When accelerating the rotor, it takes a long time for V / f control.
Thyristor bridge for power running is smoothed by phase control
Performs PAM control to adjust the charging voltage of the capacitor
Power supply that has a low power factor and contains large harmonic components.
The current flows. The voltage of the power supply is
The waveform is distorted, but the environment in which the centrifuge operates
There are precision electrical equipment such as analyzers in
There was a fear that it would have an effect. In addition, power factor
When the power supply capacity of the power supply is limited,
Temperature control device in the centrifuge, vacuum pump, diffusion
Pauses the operation of auxiliary equipment such as pumps while the rotor is accelerating.
Or accelerate the rotor to secure the power for driving auxiliary equipment.
The centrifuge's inherent performance is sufficient
There was a drawback that it could not be demonstrated. Similarly, low
When decelerating the motor, keep the regenerative thyristor bridge high.
Since the harmonic current is returned to the power supply, other devices
There was a problem of affecting. The present invention solves the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
The purpose of the
When accelerating or decelerating a rotor with large
Power source and current with greatly reduced harmonic components
An object of the present invention is to provide a control device for a motor for a heart machine. [0005] The above object is achieved by relocating the AC side.
Connected to AC power supply via actuator, DC side for smoothing
A bidirectional power conversion circuit for a power supply connected to a capacitor,
The AC side is connected to the rotor drive induction motor, and the DC side is
Motor bidirectional power connected to the smoothing capacitor
Converter, bidirectional power conversion circuit for power supply and motor
Control device for controlling switching element of bidirectional power converter
And a reactor and a smoothing capacitor of the above configuration
Achieved by providing an AC phase control element between
You. The centrifuge motor constructed as described above
The control unit uses an induction motor to accelerate the rotor.
When operating, the bidirectional power conversion circuit for the power supply is a control device
Operation, the system is linked to the AC power supply,
Operates as a boost converter so that a current similar to the shape flows
Forward operation to charge the smoothing capacitor to a certain voltage.
And the motor bidirectional power conversion circuit uses pulse width control.
Gives a positive slip frequency to the induction motor and rotates
V / f control corresponding to the number, while decelerating the rotor
When the induction motor performs regenerative operation, the bidirectional power for the motor
The conversion circuit controls the induction motor by negative pulse
V / f control corresponding to the number of rotations is performed while giving the wave number.
Regenerative power to a smoothing capacitor,
The directional power conversion circuit is system-linked to the AC current and
As a step-down converter so that a current similar to the voltage waveform flows
Perform reverse operation and increase the charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor.
Is operated so as to be constant. In addition, when the power running operation of the induction motor is started,
In order to accelerate the rotor smoothly from the stopped state,
The current phase control element adjusts the charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor,
At this time, the bidirectional power conversion circuit for the power supply operates in the forward direction.
Operates as a rectifier circuit, and a bidirectional power conversion circuit for motors
PAM control is performed in addition to the pulse width control described above. Furthermore, invitation
At the end of the deceleration operation of the induction motor, smooth the rotor
In the same way, the AC phase control element
Adjust the charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor.
The directional power conversion circuit operates in the forward direction, but
It operates and the motor bidirectional power conversion circuit
And operates to apply the pattern to the induction motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The details will be described below. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a specific embodiment of the present invention.
In the lock diagram, 21 is an AC power supply, and 22 is a rear on the AC side.
Connected to the AC power supply 21 via the
The return rectifier circuit connected to the smoothing capacitor 24
In reverse direction parallel to each rectifier element constituting the reflux rectifier circuit
Switches such as bipolar transistors, IGBTs, and FETs
A bidirectional power converter for power supply with a switching element connected,
25 is provided between the reactor 23 and the smoothing capacitor.
The charge voltage of the connected smoothing capacitor is controlled by phase control.
Phase control of triacs, thyristors, etc.
A switching element 26 serves as an element.
Motor 2 for driving a centrifugal separation rotor 27 such as an induction motor
8 and the DC side is connected to a smoothing capacitor 24.
Each of the arrangements constituting the reflux rectification circuit is
The same type of switch as the two-way power converter
It is a bidirectional power converter for motors with a switching element connected.
is there. Switch for bidirectional power converter 26 for motor
In the PWM inverter control of the switching element, 29
Is the ON / OFF pulse pattern of the switching element
This is the ROM that stores the
Logic value of output data "1" and "0" of power line is pulse
Pattern, and these data are
Sequential reading by the output of the counter 30 connected to the line
The clock of the counter 30 is output by the PLL pulse generator.
The clock is applied by the clock output of the
PLL pulse generation by the timer LSI 32
The clock output frequency of the oscillator 31 is controlled. 33 is
Prevents data read from ROM 29 from becoming irregular in time
34 is a latch for synchronizing, and 34 is an output of the latch 33.
A gate for driving the photocoupler 35 according to the logic
・ It is a driver and the mode is changed by the signal output of the photo coupler.
Of the six switching elements of the bidirectional power converter 26 for the
ON / OFF is controlled. Anode of smoothing capacitor 24
The line of the nature is indicated by 24a, and the line on the cathode side is indicated by 24b.
The control of the switching element of the bidirectional power converter 22 for the power supply
In Troll, 36 is a power factor improvement control IC.
The pulse width control output of the IC is output via a pattern switch 37.
And the photocoupler 39 is amplified by the gate driver 38
drive. By the signal output of the photo coupler 39,
Of the four switching elements of the power source bidirectional power converter 22
ON / OFF is controlled. The power factor improvement control IC 36
A bidirectional power converter for power supply 22 cooperates with a reactor 23.
The harmonic current content similar to the voltage waveform of the AC power supply 21
When the motor 28 is running at low current,
Forward direction to be a boost converter that charges 4 to a certain voltage
During operation and during the regeneration of the motor 28, the smoothing capacitor 24
Reverse direction to become a buck converter that discharges and keeps a constant voltage
V sensor 40 using an insulation transformer or the like to enable operation
Power supply voltage waveform using a Hall current sensor, etc.
The power supply current waveform is further changed by the
VF, FV converter set insulated by top coupler
Smoothing capacitor 2 by CV sensor 42
4 is input as a sensor input signal.
Swelling. 43 is an analog switch, which is a power supply
Operation and reverse operation of the two-way power converter
Rolling can be performed by the same control action of the power factor improvement control IC.
As described above, the signal output of the I sensor 41 is
The magnitude of the signal can be switched and the signal of the CV sensor 42 can be selected.
The output is referenced to a reference voltage source 46 by a differential amplifier 45.
Provided to enable selection of switching with the subtraction signal
The pattern is cut by the signal output of I / OLSI47.
Switching is performed in conjunction with the exchanger 37. Reference numeral 48 denotes a positive / negative cycle of the AC power supply 21.
And outputs a logic signal to the pattern switch 37.
The positive and negative cycle detector of the source, 49 is its signal output
To the I / OLSI 47
Outputs a zero cross signal from the AC power supply 21 for phase control.
The reference numeral 51 designates a timer L
PLL pulse generator 31 and the like that output to SI 32
An oscillator serving as a reference clock source. AC phase control element
25 is a timer LSI 32 via a photocoupler 50.
Controlled by signal output. Power control circuit 5
2 provides drive power to the gate drivers 34, 38.
Circuit, and the bidirectional power converters 22 and 26
Power supply, arm short circuit, etc.
After turning on the power, wait until the entire control unit is ready for operation.
Also, bi-directional when switching control states during other operations
The ON signal is applied to the switching elements of the power converters 22 and 26.
It is provided to prevent it from being added. Reference numeral 53 denotes a rotation for detecting the number of rotations of the rotor 27.
The sensor 54 is a sensor for measuring the rotation speed of the rotor 27.
Counter circuit 55, a timer LSI 32, an I / OL
SI47, centrifuge control C for controlling the counter circuit 54
PU. Switch on bidirectional power converters 22, 26
Control means for performing on / off control of the
You. As described above, the V sensor 40 and the I sensor
41, CV sensor 42, photocouplers 35, 39, 50
Bidirectional power that becomes a power circuit by the insulation signal transmission means
Between the converters 22 and 26 and the control means 100, there is no
The edge is planned and the AC phase control element 25 or bidirectional
High-speed switching of the switching elements in the power converters 22 and 26
The control means 10 generates noise due to the noise generated by the switching operation.
0 is prevented from being affected by a malfunction or the like. Furthermore,
It will adversely affect other devices connected to the AC power supply 21
In order to prevent this, another partial embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In FIG. 2, parts having the same functions as those in FIG.
These noises are transmitted to the AC power supply 1.
In order to prevent the
Line, and low common mode choke coil.
Frequency filter 56, also with high frequency filter 57.
Common mode noise bar with its connection end connected to ground 60
Capacitors for bypass 58a, 58b and normal mode
Capacitors 59a and 59b may be used.
No. 87 is composed of a resistor and a capacitor connected in series.
4 is a snubber circuit of an AC phase control element. Next, the operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In FIGS. 3 to 15, FIG.
Parts having the same functions as 1 are denoted by the same numbers. FIG. 5 shows the control of the motor for a centrifuge according to the present invention.
The rotation speed of the rotor 27 suitable for the control device, that is, the motor 2
8 is a graph showing the lapse of time at the number of rotations of 8 in the mode
I slows down the rotor 27 with the slow accelerator from the stopped state.
It is a process of accelerating variously, corresponding to this slow accelerator
Therefore, smooth start cannot be performed only by PWM control
Therefore, PAM control is also used. That is, the motor 28
Is a smoothing capacitor 24 by an AC phase control element 25.
Control and bidirectional power converter for adjusting charging voltage of battery
With the PWM control 26, the centrifuge control CPU 55
The data 28 is controlled to follow the curve of FIG. PAM control
Is for centrifuge control as shown schematically in FIG.
CPU 55 has a 0 cross circuit via I / OLSI 47
The 0 cross signal of 49 is used as the reference signal for 60 rising points 60a.
Trigger operation of the timer LSI 32 for the time t1
And, if necessary, change the time t1 to
Trigger signal 61 to the AC phase control element 25 at the conduction angle of
As a result, with respect to the voltage waveform 62 of the alternating current 21,
The phase-controlled current 63 flows to charge the smoothing capacitor 24.
The voltage is adjusted. Note that the trigger signal 61 is
It turns off at the falling point 60b of the signal 60. PWM system
Control is shown in the example of the waveform of the three-phase PWM inverter in FIG.
Thus, the triangular carrier wave 64 and the sine wave
ON / O of the switching elements 26u, v, w, x, y, z
Find the FF pattern in advance and store it in ROM 29
Yes, Eun66, Evn67, Ewn68
ON signals of the switching elements 26u, v, w,
The corresponding switching elements x, y, and z become OFF signals.
EUV69, eVW70 and eWU71 are motors respectively
Output between lines UV, VW, WV connected to 28
Shows a voltage waveform. In FIG. 7, the triangular carrier 64 and the sine wave signal
21 carrier duty in combination with signal wave 65
The case of 50% is exemplified. Referring to FIG.
The operation of the control device 100 will be described.
The stored data is stored in the latch gate driver 3
3, 34. For example, D type such as 74HC374
Output of PLL pulse generator 31 by flip-flop
The synchronous signal is latched at the CK terminal by the inverted signal 72 of the
The bi-directional power converter 26
Switching elements u, v, w, x, y, z are ON / OF
F. Data output terminals O1 to O6 of ROM 29 are shown
1D to 6D of latch gate drivers 33 and 34
And for 1Q to 6Q they correspond to u to z
For example, the O1 terminal of the ROM 29 is logic “0”.
Level, the latch gate drivers 33 and 34
The 1Q terminal also becomes logic “0”, and LE is connected via the resistor 80.
D35 turns on and switching transistor u turns on.
You. The OC terminals of the latch / gate drivers 33 and 34 are
The zero output is switched to high impedance.
When the output control line 85 of the I / OLSI 47 is "Hi".
High impedance, and all photocouplers
Turn off. As an example, the switching element 26u and the
The drive circuit between the photocoupler 35u of the transistor is
As shown in FIG. 8, the emitter of the switching element 26u
An appropriate power supply VCCU with E as a reference potential GNDU is provided.
To the light emitting diode 35u of the photocoupler 35U.
When the current flows, the opposing phototransistor turns on,
The reset gate 75 eliminates the bias of the resistor 74,
The output goes to the “Hi” level, and the
A base current flows through the resistor 77, via a braking resistor 78.
A voltage bias is applied to the gate G of the switching element 26u.
As a result, the element is turned on, while the light emitting diode 35u is turned on.
When the current disappears, the output of the knot gate 75 is similarly
Is inverted to the “Lo” level and the gate is
The charge of the port G is discharged and turned off. Drive circuit section
The minute is indicated by 132. Reading data from the ROM 29
For example, a counter in which three 74HC193s are cascaded.
The pulse output signal of the PLL pulse generator 31
Counted up at the rise of No. 73, Q0 to Q10
The signal output of the count terminal of A0 to A10
Output to the address line of
In the case of FIG.
Use 11 address lines to drive by dividing into 8
As described above, the latch / gate drivers 33, 3
4, the pulse signal 73 of the PLL pulse generator 31
The latch operation is added by the falling signal 72.
29 O1 to O6 PLL pulse generator 31
Data read at the rise of the pulse signal 73
ON / OFF due to subtle timing deviation of output
The same arm of the bidirectional power conversion element 25 with a broken pattern
Switching elements, for example, u and x are turned on at the same time.
To avoid the so-called arm short circuit phenomenon.
is there. The CLR terminal of the counter 30 is the data of the ROM 29
Is a count clear terminal to read from address 0
Yes, when the control line 86 of the I / OLSI 47 is "Hi"
Cleared. PLL pulse generator pulse output
The signal 73 is output from a PLL element 69 such as 74HC4046.
Output from the VCOOUT terminal,
Timer LSI 32 divides oscillation output of oscillator 51 into frequency dividing function 3
2a is divided by the PLL element 69 as the reference signal 70.
Output to the SiN terminal, while the PLL pulse generator 3
Timer LSI 32 frequency-divides 1 pulse output signal 73
The frequency is divided by 32b and a PLL element 69 is used as a comparison signal 71.
Output to the CiN terminal of the
Output the error signal from the PC terminal,
V through a low-pass filter 81 composed of
A voltage bias is applied to the COiN terminal and the VCO 82 (both
Oscillation output and
And the frequency of the reference signal 70
Multiplied by the reciprocal of the dividing ratio of the dividing function 32b
Output. The oscillation output of VCO82 is for ultracentrifuge
0-200Kmin ^-1 Need to rotate the motor in the range of
And desirably, a width of 10 KHZ to 6.9 MHZ.
It is necessary to cover the range of
It is also possible to switch between several types of
For example, analog multiplex such as 74HC4051
A terminal whose one end is connected to each of the X1 to X5 terminals by the
One of the capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5
Select from X terminal and connect to PLL element 69. In addition,
The capacitor C0 sets the PL during the connection switching of the capacitor.
Always connected so that the oscillation output of L element 69 does not fluctuate greatly
Is what is done. In the case of mode I, the rotation speed of the motor 28
Is low, the pulse output signal of the pulse generator 31
Frequency is low, and capacitor is disconnected from I / OLSI47.
The C of the analog multiplexer 83 is output via the exchange signal 84.
The selection signal is supplied to the SEL terminal, and the
The capacitor C1 is selected. As described above, in mode I,
PAM control by AC phase control element 25 and ROM 29
Mode is controlled by PWM control based on the stored pulse pattern.
The power supplied to the power supply 28 is adjusted and the PLL pulse
The appropriate slip frequency f1 is set to the motor 2 by the generator 31.
Smooth rotor 27 at slow accelerator given to 8
Gradually accelerated. In this mode I, the phase control
Current 63 flows, but because the current value is small,
The wave current content is small and there is no problem with other equipment.
In the mode I, the motor 28
To match the actual rotation speed of the
The difference between the elapsed time of the rotation speed and the current rotation speed of the motor 28 is represented by P
ID calculation, etc., and the timer LSI
32 time t1 delay trigger operation and PLL pulse generation
A known method for determining the slip frequency f1 by the radiator 31
According to Next, in the mode II of FIG.
This is a process of rapidly accelerating to the settling speed N0.
Switching element of power supply bidirectional power converter 22 shown in FIG.
u, v, x, and y are all in the OFF state in mode I.
However, the system is linked to the AC power supply 21 and the voltage of the power supply 21
Operates as a boost converter so that a current similar to the waveform flows
To charge the smoothing capacitor 24 to a certain voltage
ON / OFF operation as described below to perform
Become a product. Control device 1 for the above control using FIG.
The operation of the power factor correction control IC 36 is described as follows.
PWM system to operate as boost converter from terminal
The control signal 88 is output to the pattern switch 37 and the signal 8
8 and the positive cycle of the power supply positive / negative cycle detector 48
P terminal becomes logic "1" and logic becomes "1" in negative cycle
The signal output of the N terminal is supplied to AND gates 89, 90, 91, 9
The signal obtained by logical AND in step 2 is a signal such as 74HC158.
Is output to the data selector 93 and selected by the I / OLSI 47.
In this case, the signal line 94 is kept at the “0” level,
The signal of the power end A is logically inverted from the 1Y0 terminal and output,
The gate driver 38 includes a drive current limiting resistor 95.
The photo-coupler 39 is driven via this. Pattern switching
From the converter 37 to the bidirectional power converter 22 for power supply
The pulse patterns output to the elements U, V, X, and Y are shown in FIG.
The photocoupler 39 and the drive of the switching element are shown in FIG.
The Eve circuit is similar to that of FIG. The positive cycle
In FIG. 1, a-terminal of the AC power supply has a high potential and b-terminal has a low potential.
Say Next, the generation of the PWM control signal 88 will be described.
The control IC of the power factor improvement control IC 36 will be described.
96 is, for example, an example using FA5331 manufactured by Fuji Electric, etc.
When shown, as shown in the functional block diagram of FIG.
The same function parts are denoted by the same numbers, and
The output of the sensor 40 is connected to the V terminal through a full-wave rectifier circuit 97.
A voltage waveform of the AC power supply 21 is given,
The sensor 41 passes through a full-wave rectifier circuit 98 and further a resistor 9
The voltage was divided by the voltage divider 102 which became the divided voltage output of 9, 101
The current feedback signal is, for example, 74HC4053 or the like.
X output terminal which is input to the XA terminal of the analog switch 43
Output from the CV sensor 42 to the smoothing capacitor 2
4 charging voltage signal is analog as feedback signal
Input to YA terminal of switch 43 and output from Y output terminal
Is done. CV sensor 42 is provided by resistors 103 and 123
The divided output of the smoothing capacitor 24 is converted to a V / F converter 1
Converted to pulse output of frequency proportional to voltage by 04
Then, this signal is grounded by the photocoupler 105.
And insulate the frequency with the V / F converter 105
Return to the voltage signal shown above, and keep the insulation capacitor
The voltage of the sensor 24 is output to the YA terminal of the analog switch 43.
It is something to empower. The analog switch 43 is connected as described above.
The logic level of the select signal line 94 is "0".
The signal XA input is transmitted to X and the signal YA input is transmitted to Y.
When the charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor 24 is
7, by the filter capacitor 108 and the OPAMP 109
And a smoothing capacitor 2
4 is, for example, the voltage of the AC power supply 21 is 100V.
In this case, the power supply current is kept constant at 170 to 180 V
Becomes similar to the power supply voltage. That is, OPAMP109
Signal output VFB by power supply voltage V and multiplier MUL
111, and the multiplication power iiN is multiplied by the power supply current.
Resistors 112 and 113 Capacitor 1 so that i becomes equal
14, 115 and the amplification effect of OPAMP116
An oscillator whose output iFB comprises resistors 117 and 118
119 sawtooth signal compared with PWM comparator 120
The signal is output from the O terminal as a PWM control signal. Follow
For example, if the AC power supply 21 is in a positive cycle,
The switching element X of the directional power converter 22 is output from the O terminal.
ON / OFF in response to the input PWM control signal 88
As a result, the reactor 23 and the smoothing capacitor 24
A boost converter is formed in a circuit including
The charging voltage of the capacitor 24 depends on the power supply voltage and the driving of the motor 26.
It is kept constant regardless of the size of the power load, but only
The power supply current becomes similar to the power supply voltage of the AC power supply 21 and
There is almost no harmonic current content. With the voltage divider 102
Dividing the signal output of the I sensor is based on the loss of the motor 28.
Because the regenerative current is smaller than the powering current,
During regeneration, i input of control IC 96 is greatly reduced
Reduce distortion of power supply current waveform for small regenerative current
That's why. Reference numeral 121 denotes a knot gate, and I / O
The logical output of the control signal line 122 of the OLSI 47 becomes “0”
The output of the data selector and the control IC 96
Operation is enabled. In the mode II shown in FIG.
The charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor 24 is kept constant.
Therefore, the V / f control for the motor 28 is performed by the three-phase P
As shown in the example of the waveform of the WM inverter, a sine wave signal
The amplitude of the wave 65, ie, the duty of the voltage applied to the motor.
The tee is changed step by step and stored in the ROM 29 for each block.
By changing the read block of the pattern
V / f is controlled by V, and f is controlled by the timer LSI 3
2 and the dividing ratio of the dividing function 32b
Select capacitors C1 to C5 connected to LL element 69
Appropriate slip corresponding to the number of rotations of the switching motor 28
The frequency is given, and the vehicle is accelerated to the target settling speed NO. FIG. 11 shows a block diagram stored in the ROM 29.
This shows the contents of the block, and the small block N0PWM
0 is the minimum duty and the maximum duty of N0PWM31
This is an example of performing 32 steps of V control,
On the other hand, the difference between the middle blocks N0PWM and N1PWM is shown in FIG.
The difference in the number of carriers of the triangular carrier 64 is
Switch of the bidirectional power converter 26 as the rotational speed of the
The switching frequency of the switching element becomes inappropriately large.
The temperature rise of the device due to switching loss
As the rotational speed of the motor 28 increases.
Reduce the number of carriers of the triangular carrier wave 64 to N0
Therefore, the number of carriers of N3 is set small. Note that N
Since N3 is used in the high-speed rotation range for 0,
The division contents of the portion where the range of PWM0 to PWM31 is high
It becomes. The change of the read block of the small block is shown in FIG.
A of address line from I / OLSI 47 to ROM 29
Control line 1 connected to 11 to A15 line VSEL
24, read the middle block in the same way
Change of block is done by A16-A18 line of address line.
Selected by the control line 125 connected to the FSEL.
It is supposed to be. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a PLL pulse generator for controlling f.
Each component connected to the PLL element 69 in the generator 31
Using a linear scale with the parameters C1 to C5 as parameters
From VCOOUT73 for voltage bias VCOiN
The output frequency is shown on a logarithmic scale.
For example, if the control speed of the motor 28 is between Na and Nb
Selects capacitor C2 and outputs the frequency required for f control
This shows that the control settling speed is
In the case of just Nb, a small number of revolutions
Considering that the target rotation speed Nb is settled with overshoot
Taking into account, the rotation speed range that can be actually covered by the capacitor C2
Use it so that Na-Nb is inside Na'-Nb '.
Limit the range of use and switch the connection of the selected capacitor
Oscillation output with stable frequency is obtained promptly
In order to suppress the change of VCOiN as much as possible,
The rotational speed range that the sensor can cover is overlapped.
You. The selection of the capacitor depends on the capacitor of I / OLSI47.
The connection switching signal 84 is used as described above.
You. Next, in mode III of FIG. 5, the rotor 27 is set to the target settling time.
This is the process of keeping the number of turns N0 constant, the same as mode III.
Power supply bidirectional power converter 22 is connected to AC power supply 21
Voltage booster so that a current similar to the voltage waveform of the power supply flows.
The smoothing capacitor 24 operates as an inverter
Perform forward operation to charge to pressure, for example, N0
At the maximum operating speed of the machine, the block in ROM 29
N3PWM31 with small carrier number and maximum duty is selected
And the capacitor connected to the PLL element 69 is
C5 is selected, the high frequency f is given, and the target settling speed
The target is set so that the rotation speed of the motor 28 is kept constant at N0.
The difference between the rotational speed N0 and the current rotational speed of the motor 28 is determined by centrifugal control.
The control CPU 55 calculates the PID, and determines the motor 2
8 is determined and the corresponding timer L is determined.
Instructs and controls the frequency division ratio to the frequency division function 32b of the SI 32.
You. Next, in the mode IV of FIG.
This is the process of rapidly decelerating due to regenerative braking.
The power supply bidirectional power converter 22 is connected to the AC power supply 21
In such a manner that a current similar to the voltage waveform of the power supply returns to the power supply.
It operates as a pressure converter,
Suppress the rise in the charging voltage of the sliding capacitor 24 and maintain a constant voltage
The reverse operation is maintained. With reference to FIG.
The operation of the control device 100 relating to the I / OLS
In this case, the select signal line 94 of I47 is at the “1” level.
Therefore, the signal at the input terminal B of the data selector 93 is
The signal is inverted from the Y terminal and output.
To switching device of bidirectional power converter 22 for power supply
The signals of the pattern shown in FIG.
It is. The generation of the PWM control signal 88 will be described.
Then, the S input terminal of the analog switch 43 is also at “1” level.
Therefore, the I sensor 41 passes through the full-wave rectifier circuit 98.
Signal directly input to the XB terminal is output from the X output terminal
The CV sensor 42 charges the smoothing capacitor 24.
From the reference voltage 126 by the differential amplifier 45.
The subtracted signal is input to the YB terminal of the analog switch 43
From the Y terminal to check the charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor 24.
Input to the power factor correction control IC 36 as a feedback signal.
And 127 is the OPAMP in the differential amplifier 45, 12
8, 129, 130 and 131 are differential amplification resistors.
When the charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor 24 rises,
The output voltage of the amplifier 45 decreases, and in FIG.
Here, if the output of the sensor 42 is replaced with the output described above,
Compared with reference voltage 110 by OPAMP109
The charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor 24 is, for example,
If the voltage of 21 is 100V, keep it constant at 160-170V
The current that is maintained and returned to the power supply at that time is the same
The PWM control signal 88 is output by the control action of the
Therefore, for example, when the AC power supply 21 is in a positive cycle,
The switching element Y of the power supply bidirectional power converter 22
Is PWM output from the O terminal of the control IC 96
It is turned ON / OFF in response to the control signal 88, and the polarity
Since the switching element U keeps the ON state in the cycle,
In the circuit including the reactor 23 and the smoothing capacitor 24,
Step-down converter is formed, and the smoothing capacitor is charged.
The voltage is the power supply voltage, which slows down the rotor 27 of the motor 26.
AC power supply
The current regenerated at 21 is similar to the power supply voltage,
There is almost no current content. In mode III of FIG.
As described above, the charging of the smoothing capacitor 24 is performed.
Power generation of motor 26 by bidirectional power converter 26 up to voltage
The same v / f control as in Mode II to increase the voltage
It gives a negative slip frequency f1 and decelerates. Next, the mode V is the mode IV of the rotor 27.
After the rapid deceleration process, the rotor 27 is changed from the rotating state to the stationary state.
This is the process of gradually decelerating in slow dexel.
26, the motor 26 has a low rotational speed.
Control to apply deceleration force by DC braking to stop smoothly
Perform Therefore, the power supply bidirectional power converter 22 is
It operates as a step-up converter and performs forward operation.
Or when the power required for DC braking is small.
In this case, all the switching elements U, V, X and Y are turned off.
It is also possible to operate as a simple full-wave rectifier,
Further, the smoothing capacitor 24 is controlled by the AC phase control element 25.
Adjust the charging voltage of the motor and combine it with PWM control DC braking
Select a wide range of braking control. Bidirectional for DC braking
ON / OFF output to the switching element of the power converter 26
FIG. 14 shows an example of the buffer pattern. Adjust braking force
Therefore, the correspondence between the triangular carrier 145 and the comparison signal 146 was changed.
Appropriate PWM duty can be selected arbitrarily
In FIG. 11, B stored in the ROM 29
The middle block of PWM0 to BPWM31 is the DC braking part
, 32 levels of duty can be selected. FIG.
Then, the example of the case of 16 carriers and 40% duty
Show. In the mode V, the centrifugation was performed.
Depending on the type of material and separation conditions, as shown in FIG.
Dexel pattern A that is more gentle than deceleration due to natural deceleration
May decelerate according to a deceleration curve such as
The same phase control element 25 as in mode I described above
By adjusting the charging voltage of the sliding capacitor 24,
The motor 26 is driven by the heat exchanger 26 to reduce the power gradually and smoothly.
Use a fast driving method. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the bidirectional
Although the power converter 22 has been described by taking the case of a single phase as an example,
In the case of three-phase AC, its function can be realized with the same configuration
What is easily understood by those skilled in the art. Also book
In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the location of the AC phase control element 25 will be described.
Performs the same function at the position indicated by 132 in FIG.
It is possible and the type is transistor or GTO etc.
It is also possible to use an element having the self-extinguishing ability. one
, Bidirectional power converter 22 for power supply and bidirectional power converter
26 reflux rectifier circuits are switching elements that constitute the converter
Provided parasitically or intentionally built into the device
Can be used, and the GTO
Even devices having self-extinguishing capability such as
Obviously, it can be used. In the present invention, the bidirectional power converter for power supply 2
2 and bi-directional power converter 26 upper arm switching
For controlling the switching of the elements U, V, u, v, w
The supply of the source is controlled by switching elements X, Y, x,
The power supply for y and z switching control and the reference potential are shared.
FIG. 16 shows an embodiment which is used. FIG. 16 shows a bidirectional
FIG. 1 shows the case of the power converter 26, and FIG.
8 and the parts having the same functions as those in FIG.
And a drive circuit 132 of the switching element 26u as an example.
In the description, 133 is a shadow of the smoothing capacitor 24.
A drive circuit 132 using the pole line 24b as a reference potential;
And 134, 135, 136, 137, 138
And the reverse blocking diode 139 and the drive circuit 1
For example, an aluminum electrolytic
A capacitor 140 connected in series;
Is connected to the emitter E of the switching element 26u.
Power supply VCCu, GND of the drive circuit 132
U is connected to both ends of the capacitor 140 in parallel.
Therefore, when the switching element 26x is turned on, the common power
A diode 139, a capacitor 140, a switch
Capacitor 140 is charged at the root of switching element 26x.
Is turned on and turned on when the switching element 26x is turned off.
The cathode side of the sensor 140 is in a floating state,
Operates as a complementary repair with the switching element 26x
The drive power of the drive circuit 132 of the switching element 26u
Air energy is stored in the capacitor 140. switch
The same applies to the switching elements 26y and 25v, 26z, and 26w.
The reverse blocking diodes 141 and 142, respectively.
The sensors 143 and 144 are connected and configured as shown in the figure.
I have. As described above, the drive circuit of the upper arm
132, 134 and 135 are capacitors 140 and 14 respectively.
3, 144
The switching elements 26x, 26y, 26z of the arm are off.
Need to repeat switching operation frequently without stopping
And the DC braking on / off pattern shown in FIG.
Has been devised to satisfy the above constraints. Power supply
The same applies to the bidirectional power converter 22 for
According to the example, the power supplies of the drive circuits of the upper arm are isolated from each other.
There is no need to provide separate power supplies for the reference potential
And the control unit can be simplified, which leads to downsizing of the equipment
Is effective. According to the present invention, the motor performs a power running operation.
In this case, the bidirectional power conversion circuit for the power supply
More system-linked to the AC power supply and similar to the voltage waveform of the AC power supply
Operates as a boost converter so that current flows
If the motor performs regenerative operation,
The conversion circuit is similarly linked to the AC power supply and
As a step-down converter to return a current similar to the voltage waveform
It operates and performs reverse operation.
Power supply current is reduced, causing distortion in the power supply voltage waveform.
Other devices connected to the same outlet without shifting
This has the effect of avoiding adverse effects on the user. Furthermore, high power factor
If the power supply capacity of the power supply is
Centrifuge during acceleration of a rotor with a large moment of inertia
There is no need to temporarily suspend the operation of auxiliary equipment inside the
Performance can always be ensured, and a small power supply
The rotor can be accelerated rapidly even if it is
This has the effect of improving performance. According to the present invention, the smoothing condenser
An AC phase control element to adjust the charging voltage of the sensor.
In the slow accelerator and slow dexel regions of the rotor
And provide smooth acceleration / deceleration characteristics
This has the effect of preventing disturbance of the sample to be separated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a specific embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing another embodiment of a part of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a detailed embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a lapse of time of the number of rotations of a motor. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation status diagram of PAM control. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a waveform of a three-phase PWM inverter. FIG. 8 is a drive circuit diagram of a switching element. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an ON / OFF pattern of a switching element during a power running operation of a power bidirectional power converter. FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of a control IC. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing storage contents of a ROM. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing VC using the capacitance of a capacitor as a parameter
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an output frequency and an input bias voltage of O. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an ON / OFF pattern of a switching element during a regenerative operation of the power supply bidirectional power converter. FIG. 14: ON / OFF of DC braking of three-phase PWM inverter
It is an OFF pattern explanatory view. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a deceleration pattern. FIG. 16 is an embodiment showing a power supply circuit diagram of a drive circuit. FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional motor control device for a centrifuge. [Description of Signs] 21 is an AC power supply, 22 is a bidirectional power converter for power supply, 23
Is a reactor, 24 is a smoothing capacitor, 25 is an AC phase control element, 26 is a bidirectional power converter, 28 is a motor,
100 is control means.

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Shinji Watanabe             1060 Takeda, Hitachinaka City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi             Machine Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Noriyasu Matsufuji             1060 Takeda, Hitachinaka City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi             Machine Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshinori Tobita             1060 Takeda, Hitachinaka City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi             Machine Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 4D057 BB02 CB04                 5H576 AA20 BB01 CC05 DD02 DD04                       EE03 EE04 EE09 EE11 EE19                       FF02 FF03 FF04 HA02 HB02                       JJ03 JJ12 LL06 LL22 LL24                       PP03

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A boost converter operable to reduce a harmonic current content with respect to an AC power supply, a smoothing capacitor charged by the boost converter, and a power supply connected to the smoothing capacitor. An AC phase control switching element for controlling a charging voltage of the smoothing capacitor is provided in a motor having a motor driven by an inverter device that performs voltage control by pulse width modulation. The operation of the converter is stopped, and the voltage applied to the motor is controlled by pulse width modulation of the inverter device and charging voltage control of the smoothing capacitor by the AC phase control switching element. The control switching element is maintained in a conductive state and the boost converter Operation is not the inverter control device of the centrifuge motor, characterized in that so as to control the voltage applied to the motor by pulse width modulation.