JP2003193325A - Melt spinning equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide melt spinning equipment which effectively cools spun yarns, suppresses air flow accompanying to the running yarns and produces a superfine fiber having excellent quality with dissolving uneven fineness and bad cooling. <P>SOLUTION: This melt spinning equipment comprises a spinneret (2) for spinning multifilament yarns (Y) comprising a thermoplastic polymer, a spinning chimney (10) installed so as to surround the spun yarns (Y) which run through the spinning chimney, a supply air rectification member (6) for blowing cooling air which is adjusted to cross the yarns (Y) into the spinning chimney (10), an air intake rectification member (6') installed to face the supply air rectification member (6) with bringing the yarns (Y) between them and sucking adjusted outside air from the outside of the spinning chimney (10) into the spinning chimney, an air flow delivery member (9) for shutting residual descending air flow with leaving a part of the descending air flow flowing down in the spinning chimney (10) and delivering the part of air flow to the outside of the spinning chimney (10) and an exhaust means for exhausting the air flow guided by the air flow delivery member (9) to the outside of the spinning chimney (10). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a melt spinning apparatus for melt spinning fibers made of thermoplastic polymers such as polyester, polyamide and polyolefin.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when melt-spinning a thermoplastic polymer such as polyester, polyamide, or polyolefin, the melted polymer is discharged as a fiber from a spinneret, and cooling air is blown in a direction across the spun fiber to cool it. It is solidified and taken up by a take-up roller.

At that time, two types of cooling methods have been conventionally used in the cooling step of cooling and solidifying the melted and discharged polymer to form fibers. One of them is to blow a cooling gas from one side direction so as to be substantially orthogonal to the spun yarn,
The side-blow cooling method discharges the cooling air blown from the opposite side, and the other one is the cooling air blown from the cooling air outlet provided around the spun yarn around the entire circumference of the spun yarn. It is a vertical blow cooling system that blows out from the.

Here, the former side-blow cooling system is excellent in workability because the surface on the side facing the blowing surface of the cooling gas can be freely opened depending on the case. For this reason, it is often used as a cooling method when melt-spinning multifilaments for clothing, in which the number of filaments through which cooling air easily flows between single fibers (hereinafter also referred to as “filaments”) is relatively small.

By the way, in recent years, as the demand for high-value-added products for suede-like high-quality clothing and the like has increased, expectations for ultrafine fibers having a small single-fiber fineness have increased, and the single-fiber fineness is 0. There has been a need to stably melt-spin ultrafine fibers of 0.6 dtex or less. Moreover,
1 for the number of ultrafine filaments to be melt-spun
More than 00 filaments have been required.

However, when such lateral blowing cooling method is adopted in melt spinning of such ultrafine fibers having a large number of filaments, nonuniform cooling occurs between the filaments. The ultrafine fibers have a single fiber fineness of 0.6d.
Since it is as small as tex or less and the fiber diameter is small, there is a problem that the yarn shake easily occurs due to the influence of the cooling air. Moreover, these problems become remarkable as the spinning speed is increased to 2500 m / min in order to increase the production efficiency.

[0007] If such a problem is left as it is, fineness unevenness between filaments or fineness unevenness in the length direction of the same filament is caused, and as a result, general uneven dyeing or periodicity is caused. Will cause stains with band-like shading. For this reason, it becomes difficult to obtain an ultrafine multifilament yarn having sufficient quality.

Therefore, conventionally, various techniques for solving such a problem have been proposed. For example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 4-18107, cooling is performed by devising a hole arrangement of polymer discharge holes formed in a spinneret so that cooling air can easily pass between spun filaments. It has been proposed to eliminate the cooling differential between the filaments running on the wind blow side and the filaments running on the opposite blow side.

However, as the number of filaments and the speed increase further, the influence of the accompanying air current accompanying the running yarn becomes remarkable, and the running of the yarn becomes unstable, and the yarn shakes. To wake up. Moreover, when it becomes necessary to intensify the cooling, the amount of the cooling air blown out also increases, and in combination with the effect of this cooling air, the phenomenon of causing yarn sway becomes more prominent.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the problems of the prior art described above, the object of the present invention is to effectively cool a spun yarn while adopting a side-blow cooling system. , It is possible to suppress the accompanying air flow that makes the running of the yarn unstable,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a melt-spinning apparatus capable of smoothly discharging the blown cooling air to the outside of the system in order to reduce the influence of the cooling air.

[0011] As a result, this occurs when the spun extra fine multifilament yarn is cooled and solidified,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a melt-spinning apparatus capable of stably obtaining fine fibers excellent in quality by eliminating fineness unevenness and uneven cooling mainly caused by yarn shaking.

[0012]

As a melt spinning apparatus of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, a "spinneret for spinning a multifilament yarn comprising a filament group made of a thermoplastic polymer, A spinning cylinder that surrounds the discharged filament group, and that is provided downstream of the spinneret and a spinning cylinder in which the filament group runs, and that is rectified so as to traverse the filament group. An air supply rectifying member that blows air into the spinning tube and an air supply rectifying member that faces the air supply rectifying member with the filament group sandwiched therebetween, and sucks the outside air that has been rectified from the outside of the spinning tube to the inside. An air intake rectifying member, an oil agent applying device that is provided in the spinning cylinder, and applies an oil agent to the filament group that has been cooled and solidified, and is provided downstream of the oil agent applying device, An airflow guiding member that leaves a part of the airflow that flows down in the spinning cylinder and blocks the remaining downstream airflow to flow out of the spinning cylinder to the outside of the system; and an airflow guided by the airflow guiding member. Is provided to the outside of the spinning cylinder.

At this time, the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention includes:
It is preferable that the airflow discharge member is an inclined plate having an opening through which the multifilament yarn passes, because the airflow flowing down the inside of the spinning cylinder can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the spinning cylinder, thereby preventing yarn sway.

Further, at this time, if the opening area of the opening through which the multifilament yarn of the airflow guiding member passes is 10 cm ² or more and 40 cm ² or less, the airflow causing the yarn sway can be effectively cut. preferable.

Further, in the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, the exhaust means is an opening provided on a side wall of the spinning tube for exhausting the airflow guided by the airflow guiding member to the outside of the spinning tube, This is preferable because the device configuration can be simplified. In that case, it is preferable that the opening is provided between a lower end of the airflow guide member and a lower end of the intake air flow regulating member at the longest.

By adopting the above-mentioned constitution, in the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, the single filament fineness of the multifilament yarn taken after cooling and solidification is 0.2 to 0.6 dt.
It is an apparatus for melt-spinning ultrafine fibers having an ex or less, a filament number of 100 or more, and a take-up speed of 2500 m / min, and can be particularly preferably used.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view exemplifying a melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, in which Y is a multifilament yarn (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “yarn”), and 1 is a spinning pack. Reference numeral 2 is a spinneret, 3 is a cooling air upstream preventing member, 4 is a cooling air supply device, 5 is a cooling air pressure equalizing member, 6 is an air supply rectifying member, and 6 '.
Is an air intake rectifying member, 7 is a blind plate, 8 is an oil agent applying device, 9 is an air flow guiding member, 10 is a spinning cylinder, and 11 is an exhaust means.

In FIG. 1, FIG. 1B is for explaining the shape of the airflow guiding member shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic enlarged plan view showing only the airflow lead-out member 9. Further, FIG. 2 is a view for explaining an example of an embodiment relating to another airflow deriving member 9'instead of the airflow deriving member 9 of FIG. 1B, and an enlarged schematic side sectional view of the main part thereof. Is.

In the embodiment of the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, the thermoplastic polymer is melted by a known melt extruder (not shown). Then, a metering device (not shown) (for example, a gear pump)
Is continuously fed to a spin block (not shown) while metering a certain amount of polymer therein, and melt-spun according to a conventional method.

The melt spinning will be briefly described below.
The polymer sent to the spin block (not shown) as described above is sent to the spin pack 1 attached to the spin block, where a large number of filament groups are formed from the discharge hole groups formed in the spinneret 2. Is spun as a multifilament yarn Y. The yarn Y spun in this manner is cooled by the cooling air supplied from the cooling air supply device 4 by the cooling air blown from the air supply rectifying member 6 in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure so as to cross the yarn Y. To be cooled.

At this time, in the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, the static pressure inside the spinning cylinder 10 is made lower than the pressure outside the spinning cylinder 10 so that the intake air straightening member 6'is provided from the outside of the spinning cylinder 10. So that cooling air can be taken in.

Because, by doing so, the cooling air is blown to the yarn Y from the front and back of the yarn Y by sandwiching the yarn Y through the air supply rectifying member 6 and the intake air rectifying member 6 '. This is because the cooling efficiency of the yarn Y can be increased.

At this time, the temperature of the cooling air blown from the air supply rectifying member 6 is controlled to a predetermined temperature by a temperature control device (not shown), and the pressure is also adjusted by the pressure equalizing member 5 or the like. The pressure is equalized so that the air is blown out uniformly over the entire area of the air outlet.

Here, to additionally describe the air supply rectifying member 6 and the intake air rectifying member 6 ', these members 6 and 6'will direct the blowing direction of the cooling air in a fixed direction, and
It is necessary to have a rectifying action of blowing the cooling air to the yarn Y without disturbing it.

Therefore, the members 6 and 6'generally have a honeycomb structure. However, for example, a multiple parallel deflection plate in which a large number of parallel plates are stacked in parallel in the vertical direction at a slight interval over the cooling air blowing section, or in addition to this, in the horizontal direction It is also possible to adopt an embodiment in which a lattice-shaped multiple parallel deflection plate is formed by combining multiple parallel deflection plates in a lattice pattern.

Next, the yarn Y, which has been cooled and solidified by the cooling air as described above, is applied with the oil agent by the oil agent applying device 8 and then entangled between the filaments by the entanglement applying device (not shown). After being applied, this is also taken up by a take-up roller (not shown).

After that, in such a melt spinning step, a heating roller group may be continuously provided so as to be stretched without being once wound and then wound as a yarn package by a winding machine (not shown). However, the yarn Y drawn by the above-mentioned take-up roller can be once wound up and then subjected to the drawing step.

In the melt spinning step described above, in the process of cooling and solidifying the spun fibrous molten polymer to form the yarn Y, cooling air is blown from the air supply rectifying member 6 to melt the molten polymer. Spray cooling air against. Moreover,
At this time, the cooling air is blown into the spinning tube 10 from the entire area of the air outlet provided over a certain section along the traveling direction of the yarn Y.

Further, as described above, in the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, in order to improve the cooling efficiency, the air outside the spinning tube 10 is also sucked in from the intake air straightening member 6'and the yarn Y is drawn.
Is spraying on. Therefore, as the yarn Y travels toward the downstream side, the amount of cooling air in the spinning tube 10 increases. At the same time, the airflow accompanying the traveling yarn Y also increases.

Therefore, the downflow airflow acting on the traveling yarn Y increases, and this causes the yarn to shake. Therefore, due to non-uniform cooling or non-uniform air resistance, each yarn Y is thinned during the transition from the molten state to the solidified state. Fine filaments are caused between filaments or even in the same filament in the longitudinal direction.

For the reasons described above, in the melt spinning process, most of the downflow airflow consisting of the cooling air flown down with the yarn Y applied with the oil agent by the oil agent application device 8 and the yarn associated airflow is used. It is essential that the downflowing air stream is blocked by the airflow delivery member 9 and separated, and then delivered to the outside of the spinning tube 10 and discharged promptly.

Therefore, in the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention,
Having the airflow lead-out member 9 is one of the major characteristics. Therefore, regarding this air flow guide member, FIG.
This will be described in detail below with reference to (b).

In the airflow guiding member 9 illustrated in FIG. 1 (b), an opening 9b through which the yarn Y runs is formed subsequent to the slit-shaped opening 9a for introducing the yarn Y.
However, the size of the opening 9b needs to be such that the yarn Y does not come into contact with the airflow guiding member 9. This is because when the yarn Y comes into contact with the main body of the airflow guiding member 9 and is abraded, filament breakage occurs and becomes fluff, degrading the quality of the yarn Y.

In order to prevent the yarn from shaking,
As indicated by the arrow in (a), it is necessary to prevent a large amount of downflow airflow such as cooling air or yarn-associated airflow that has become unnecessary after cooling is continuously contacted with the yarn Y. .
For this reason, the openings 9a and 9b cannot be made too large simply for avoiding scratch damage, and the opening area thereof is preferably 10 cm ² or more and 40 cm ² or less.

At this time, by the airflow lead-out member 9,
It is necessary to sufficiently cut the residual airflow that is not discharged, in particular, the associated airflow that follows the yarn Y and flows down from the opening 9b, with respect to the airflow that is blocked and discharged to the outside of the spinning tube 10. There is. For this reason, the opening area of the opening 9b through which the yarn Y passes during steady operation is important, and it is necessary to make this opening area as small as possible while taking care not to contact the yarn Y with the main body.

The reason is that when the amount of the accompanying airflow that flows out together with the traveling yarn Y from the opening 9b increases, the yarn sways due to this influence, and this yarn sway also occurs after the first take-up roller (not shown). Because it will spread. Needless to say, if the yarn shake propagates to the first take-up roller (not shown) and thereafter, the spinning condition is deteriorated.

The air flow guide member 9 is preferably an inclined plate so that the air flow can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the spinning tube 10 without disturbing the air flow. It is needless to say that the inclination angle θ formed by the inclined plate with respect to the yarn Y is required to be an angle capable of smoothly guiding the falling airflow to the outside of the spinning tube 10.
May be set to an optimum value as appropriate according to the spinning conditions.

Next, an embodiment of the airflow guiding member 9'illustrated in FIG. 2 will be described. The reference numerals used in FIG. 2 are used in correspondence with the respective mechanical elements indicated by the reference numerals used in FIG. Therefore, the same reference numbers correspond to substantially the same mechanical elements.

The airflow lead-out member 9'illustrated in FIG.
The overall shape is a hat shape, and an opening 9a 'through which the yarn Y passes is formed at the top of the head. At that time, as shown in the drawing, a slit-shaped opening 9a ′ for introducing the yarn Y may be provided. In addition, these openings 9
Also for a ′ and 9b ′, it is preferable that the opening area is 10 cm ² or more and 40 cm ² or less for the reason described in the description of the airflow guiding member 9 illustrated in FIG.

In this way, most of the airflow flowing down is blocked by the airflow guide member 9 or 9 ', and the blocked downflow airflow is smoothly guided to the outside of the spinning cylinder 10 along the inclined surface thereof. . At this time, the spinning cylinder 10 has
As shown in (a), the exhaust means 11 is provided between the lower end of the airflow lead-out member 9 and the longest end of the intake rectifying member 6 '.

However, in the example of FIG. 1 (a), the exhaust means 11 is composed of an opening formed in the side wall of the spinning tube 10. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (a), the air flow guide member 9 is opened from the opening formed in the side wall of the spinning tube 10 by natural exhaustion caused by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the spinning tube 10.
The airflow guided from the air will be discharged.

A publicly known exhaust device such as a blower may be connected to this opening through an intake filter to forcibly exhaust the air. In such a case, the exhaust device and the opening constitute the exhaust means referred to in the present invention.

Next, as a preferred embodiment of using the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, as to the pressure equalizing member 5, the pressure equalizing member 5 is a wire mesh filter,
A filter member such as a porous sintered metal filter is used.

Since such a filter member causes a certain pressure loss when the cooling air passes through it, it is possible to equalize the pressure for blowing the cooling air and to spread the cooling air over the entire area. It is preferable because the cooling air can be blown out uniformly.

With regard to the pressure equalizing member 5, the pressure loss when the cooling air passes along the running direction of the yarn Y is intentionally adjusted to distribute the amount of the cooling air to be blown out. Can also be given.

Moreover, the pressure equalizing member 5 can give a distribution not only with respect to the air volume, but also with respect to the blowing pressure and the blowing speed of the cooling air, so that the spinning speed, the brand of the yarn, and other spinning conditions can be immediately adapted. Can be set to an appropriate value as appropriate.

In addition to the blowing conditions of the cooling air, such as the above-mentioned air volume, air pressure, and wind speed, it is necessary to change the blowing length of the cooling air in accordance with the spinning conditions. This problem can be solved by providing the blind plate 7 as shown in the drawing to make the blowout length adjustable.

That is, with respect to the one in which the blowing length of the cooling air is long, the blind plate 7 is not provided or the length of the blind plate 7 is shortened, and conversely, the blowing length of the cooling air is shortened. Can be adjusted by increasing the length of the blind plate 7.

Finally, the melt-spinning apparatus of the present invention described above can be suitably used when the spinning conditions which are extremely susceptible to the influence of the falling airflow in the spinning tube 10 are adopted. Here, to exemplify the melt spinning having such conditions, the single filament fineness of the multi-filament yarn Y taken after cooling and solidification is 0.2 to 0.6 dtex or less, the number of filaments is 100 or more, and the take-up speed is 2500 m. Examples include melt-spinning of ultrafine fibers having a speed of 1 / min.

In such melt-spinning of ultrafine fibers, since the single fiber fineness is small, it is easily affected by cooling air, and since the number of filaments is large, cooling air flows through between filament groups. This is because it is difficult to do so, and further high-speed spinning is required, so that it is necessary to increase cooling efficiency. Therefore, as described in detail above, by using the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, such a problem can be effectively solved.

[0051]

According to the melt-spinning apparatus of the present invention described above, the spun yarn can be effectively cooled while the lateral blowing cooling system is adopted, and the running of the yarn becomes unstable. The accompanying airflow can be suppressed, and further, in order to reduce the influence of the cooling air, the blown cooling air can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the system.

By doing so, unevenness in fineness and uneven cooling mainly caused by yarn shaking, which occur when the spun multifilament yarn is cooled and solidified, are eliminated,
It is possible to stably obtain ultrafine fibers of excellent quality.

In particular, in the melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, the single filament fineness of the multifilament yarn taken after cooling and solidification is 0.2 to 0.6 dtex or less, the number of filaments is 100 or more,
Then, it has a great effect when melt-spinning ultrafine fibers having a take-up speed of 2500 m / min.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a simplified example of a melt spinning apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 1 (a) is a schematic side sectional view of the melt spinning apparatus, and FIG. 1 (b) is shown in FIG. 1 (a). FIG. 6 is a schematic enlarged plan view showing only the airflow leading member for explaining the shape of the airflow leading member.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side sectional view in which a main part is enlarged for explaining another embodiment example related to the airflow guiding member of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Spin pack 2 Spinneret 4 Cooling air supply device 6 Air supply rectifying member 6'Intake straightening member 8 Oil agent applying device 9 Air flow guide member 10 spinning tubes 11 Exhaust means Y multifilament yarn

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Osaka             77, Kitayoshida-cho, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime Teijin Stock Association             Company Matsuyama Office F-term (reference) 4L045 AA05 BA03 BA34 DA22 DA24

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A spinneret for spinning a multifilament yarn consisting of a filament group made of a thermoplastic polymer, and a spinneret surrounding the spun filament group, wherein the filament group runs inside. A spinning cylinder, an air supply rectifying member that is provided downstream of the spinneret and blows cooling air that has been rectified so as to traverse the filament group into the spinning cylinder, and the feeding unit that sandwiches the filament group. An air intake rectifying member that is provided so as to face the air rectifying member and that sucks the external air that has been rectified from the outside to the inside of the spinning tube; and the filament group that is provided in the spinning tube and that has been cooled and solidified. And an oil agent applying device for applying an oil agent to the inner surface of the spinning tube. And the airflow delivery member for deriving from the system of the spinning shaft, the melt spinning apparatus comprising an exhaust means for exhausting the airflow guided by the airflow leading member to the outside of the spinning cylinder. 2. The air flow guiding member is an inclined plate having an opening through which the multifilament yarn passes.
The melt spinning apparatus described. 3. The opening area of the opening through which the multifilament yarn of the airflow guiding member according to claim 2 passes is 10c.
A melt-spinning apparatus having a size of m ² or more and 40 cm ² or less. 4. The opening according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust means is an opening provided in a side wall of the spinning tube for exhausting the airflow guided by the airflow guiding member to the outside of the spinning tube. Melt spinning equipment. 5. A melt spinning apparatus having an opening according to claim 4, which is provided between a lower end of the air flow guiding member and a lower end of the intake air flow regulating member at a maximum length. 6. The single filament fineness of the multifilament yarn taken up after cooling and solidification is 0.2 to 0.6 dtex or less, the number of filaments is 100 or more, and the take-up speed is 2500 m /
The melt-spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which melt-spins the ultrafine fibers that are the components.