JP2003187348A - Monitoring device and method for using the monitoring device in daytime - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a monitoring device capable of quickly and accurately recognizing occurrence of mudslide, avalanche, landslide, etc., and to provide a method for using the monitoring device in the daytime. <P>SOLUTION: The monitoring device is provided with a camera for converting images to digital data and a mark arranged inside a monitoring area such as a road and a mountain road to be monitored by the camera and reflecting light, for monitoring the occurrence of the mudslide, the avalanche the landslide, etc., by monitoring the mark by the camera and detecting the position change or loss or the like of the mark. The monitoring device is provided with a sensor incorporated in the mark for detecting the acceleration or inclination or the like of earth and sand around the mark, and a camera controller for receiving data transmitted from the sensor and controlling the direction and magnification of the camera based on the received data. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a monitoring device and a method of using the monitoring device in the daytime, and more particularly, to a monitoring device capable of quickly and accurately grasping the occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, and the like. It relates to a method of using the monitoring device in the daytime.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Currently, monitoring of roads and mountain roads, which are prone to landslides, avalanches, and landslides, is often performed manually. In this case, the observer of the road, mountain pass, etc. visually inspects the road, mountain pass, and its surroundings, and the amount of rainfall installed at the entrance, exit, or near the peak of the road, mountain pass, etc. Check the meter. Then, when the amount of rainfall reaches a certain level or more, measures are taken to block the roads and mountain passes.

On the other hand, monitoring other than such manual monitoring is also performed to a small extent. For example, monitoring using the automatic displacement measuring device for measuring points described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-165284, and monitoring using the automatic measuring device for displacement measuring points described in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-26820. And so on.

The automatic displacement measuring device for measuring points described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-165284 is a device for monitoring the behavior of slopes associated with landslides, excavation work, and embankment work. Based on the measurement data, the laser light irradiating means irradiates the laser light toward the side point, and the reflected light of the laser light reflected by the reflecting means such as the reflection prism installed at the measuring point is a CCD camera. Is detected by.

Then, the light receiving position where the reflected light is displaced is identified from the image data detected by the CCD camera, and the measurement point obtained from the light receiving position data obtained by the identification and the measurement position data. The three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement point are obtained from the angle data and the slope distance data.

The automatic displacement measuring device for measuring points described in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-26820 is disclosed in the above Japanese Patent Application No. 1-16.
In the automatic measuring device for measuring the displacement of the measuring point described in No. 5284, the laser light irradiating to the measuring point is changed to a dim light
The light-wave rangefinder and CCD camera that radiate this diet light are continuously driven horizontally and vertically,
Based on a plurality of measurement position (measurement point) data stored in the measurement position storage means, the measurement at each measurement point is continuously and successively performed.

[0007]

However, in the manual monitoring, the materials for determining whether or not a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. exist only by visual inspection by the monitor and rainfall data. Therefore, it is not possible to accurately grasp the occurrence of landslides, avalanches, and landslides. In particular, it is difficult to detect small-scale landslides, avalanches, and landslides that occur at night.

[0008] At present, the number of inspections by the supervisor is currently performed about once a day for visual inspection and about once a year for earth retaining locations, but there is a limit to increasing the number of inspections. is there. Therefore, manual monitoring cannot grasp the occurrence of landslides, avalanches, landslides, etc. in real time.

Further, the automatic measuring device for measuring a displacement described in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-26820 has a measuring position (measurement point) set in advance and a surveillance camera is fixed to this measuring point. is there. Therefore, depending on the weather conditions, it may not be possible to observe the displacement of this station because the area around the station is cloudy.

Further, the automatic displacement measuring device for measuring points described in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-165284 continuously monitors the measuring points. Therefore, even if a measuring point distant from the monitored measuring point is displaced, the monitoring camera can only capture the measuring points in order, and thus the displacement cannot be captured instantaneously.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a monitoring device and a method of using the monitoring device in the daytime, which can promptly and accurately grasp the occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, and the like. With the goal.

[0012]

The above-mentioned problems can be solved by the means described in the claims. That is, the invention according to claim 1 has a camera that converts an image into digital data, and a mark that is arranged in a monitoring area such as a road or a mountain pass monitored by the camera and reflects light, A monitoring device for monitoring the occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. by monitoring the mark with the camera and detecting the position change or disappearance of the mark,

A sensor built in the mark for detecting the acceleration or inclination of the sediment around the mark, and data transmitted from the sensor are received, and the pointing and magnification of the camera are determined based on the received data. And a camera controller for controlling the monitoring device.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, data such as acceleration and inclination is transmitted from the sensor attached to the mark installed around the earth and sand to the camera controller. When there is a change in the sediment, such data changes. Therefore, by using such data, it is possible to quickly identify the location of the displacement.

The camera controller specifies the position and range of displacement of the soil based on the data transmitted from the sensor. Then, the camera controller controls the orientation and magnification of the camera based on the specified position and range.

Therefore, according to the first aspect of the invention, the camera can be automatically pointed in the direction in which a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, or the like has occurred. Moreover, the magnification of the camera can be automatically changed according to the range in which a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. have occurred, so that the occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. can be accurately grasped. .

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the monitoring device according to the first aspect, when one mark moves,
The monitoring apparatus is characterized by having a movement amount calculator that calculates the movement amount of the mark using data transmitted from the plurality of cameras that observe the mark. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the mark can be captured in multiple dimensions, it is possible to more accurately observe the displacement of the earth and sand.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the monitoring device according to the first or second aspect, further comprising an illuminator for illuminating a field of the camera. According to the invention described in claim 3, since the camera can capture the mark regardless of the weather condition, it is possible to more accurately observe the displacement of the sediment.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the camera is
The monitoring device according to claim 3, further comprising a polarization filter mounting unit that mounts a polarization filter adapted to a wavelength of light emitted by the irradiation unit.

According to the invention described in claim 4, it is possible to effectively block the reflected light that reaches the camera, other than the reflected light from the mark. Therefore, according to the invention as set forth in claim 4, since the camera does not photograph anything other than the mark as the mark, the displacement of the sediment can be more accurately observed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the camera is
The surveillance device according to claim 4, wherein the surveillance device is a high-sensitivity camera. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the mark can be accurately observed even at night. Therefore, a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. that occur at night can be accurately detected.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, two polarizing filters mounted on the camera according to the fifth aspect are combined and rotated, and the amount of light incident on the lens of the camera is adjusted. Is a method of using a surveillance device having a high-sensitivity camera in the daytime.

According to the invention described in claim 6, it is possible to use a high-sensitivity camera which cannot be normally used in the daytime and can be used in the daytime, which is economical.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the sensor is
The monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which operates with a solar cell. According to the invention described in claim 7, since the power source of the sensor is a solar cell, it is possible to economically monitor the occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, and the like.

The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that it has a sensor control section for controlling the time during which the sensor is stopped or operated based on the acceleration or inclination detected by the sensor. It is the monitoring device described. According to the invention described in claim 8, the battery of the sensor can be saved when the possibility of occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. is low in view of the acceleration or inclination detected by the sensor. .

Therefore, according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to avoid the situation where the sensor does not function due to the dead battery when a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. actually occur.

[0027]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of a monitoring device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram in which the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is applied to a sloping ground. As shown in Fig. 2, a road runs on a slope with a risk such as a landslide, an avalanche, or a landslide. The digital camera 1 is installed in a place where the slope can be watched.

A CCD camera or the like can be used as the digital camera 1. At the camera position, a laser light source 2 that scans the laser light so as to cover the field of view of the camera is arranged. It should be noted that instead of the laser light source, a flash device such as an arc tube with a narrowed irradiation area may be used to project light onto the field of the camera.

In order to shoot the reflected light from the mark described later with a large contrast, the camera is equipped with a polarizing filter capable of dropping only the wavelength of the laser (when a laser light source is used).

When a flash device such as an arc tube is used, a polarization filter for dropping only a specific wavelength is attached to the camera, and the polarization filter is also attached to the arc tube so that the light reflected from the mark is reflected. You can shoot with high contrast.

A camera controller 3 for rotating the direction of the camera, that is, the direction of the camera is attached to the digital camera. Piles 6 (in the present embodiment, this serves as a mark) to which a sensor 5 having a retroreflector 4 having a high light reflectance attached are attached to the slope are driven into the ground at regular intervals. There is. The sensors and the sensor controller 8 are connected by a communication means such as a wireless LAN 7, and an accelerometer or an inclinometer is installed in the sensor 5.

The acceleration of the mark or the inclination of the mark is measured by the sensor 5 equipped with an accelerometer or inclinometer. When the acceleration value or the inclination value measured in this way exceeds a certain value, the sensor controller 8 senses this, and the camera controller 3 passes through the public network and the changed mark is detected. Notify the position of.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control flow of the camera by the camera controller 3. Upon receiving the notification, the camera controller 3 rotates the pedestal 9 of the camera so that the camera is directed in the direction of the changed mark, and the slope with the mark is photographed. The camera controller 3 transmits the image (FIG. 4) obtained by photographing to the terminal 10 of the monitor.

Comparing the transmitted image (FIG. 4) with the image before the occurrence of landslides, avalanches, landslides (FIG. 5), the mark A moves downward from FIG. 4 to FIG. A person can easily know that a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, or the like has occurred.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an image acquired by the movement amount calculator when the mark A is buried in the earth and sand.
When a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, or the like occurs, the mark A may be buried in the sediment. At this time, the camera controller directs the digital camera to the point of the mark A where the signal has stopped.

The digital camera takes an image of the point and transmits the obtained image to the terminal of the monitor. The observer can know that the mark A is displaced by comparing the transmitted image (FIG. 6) with the image before the occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. (FIG. 4).

It should be noted that the camera controller 3 replaces the image directly obtained by the photographing, or, together with the image obtained directly by the photographing, based on the mark photographed by the camera,
It is also possible to perform calculations such as binarization of the image and calculation of the center of gravity, and transmit the calculation result to the terminal of the monitor.

According to the first embodiment described above, a point having a high probability of occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. is accurately and quickly identified, and the camera 1 is automatically directed to the point. Therefore, the magnification of the camera 1 can be increased. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain a clearer image than in the past, so that the occurrence of small-scale landslides, avalanches, landslides, etc. can be identified accurately and quickly. be able to.

Further, in the case shown in FIG. 6, when the signal from one or a plurality of sensors 5 is lost due to a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. It is determined that communication is impossible due to being buried due to a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc., and the camera 1 is directed to the point where the sensor 5 is installed. Therefore, according to the second embodiment,
Even if the observer has buried the sensor 5,
Moreover, the occurrence of landslides, avalanches, landslides, etc. can be quickly known.

If a rain / snow meter is installed in the sensor instead of the accelerometer or the inclinometer, or in addition to the accelerometer or the inclinometer, the observer can judge whether or not the caution rain amount has been exceeded.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram of the slope shown in FIG. 2 as seen from above. Figure 7
In this case, two cameras are installed (camera 1,
Camera 2). The computers connected to camera A and camera B are equipped with means for storing the positions of these cameras.

The computer marks on the principle of triangulation from the camera position and two or more images including parallax obtained by these cameras, the image obtained by camera 1 and the image obtained by camera B. Compute the three-dimensional position of.

Then, the computer transmits the calculation result to the terminal of the supervisor. Therefore, the observer can know the amount of movement of the mark actually moved. The rest of the configuration of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment described above. The sensor controller may be provided with means for managing the sensor power supply.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the overall flow of the present invention. The sensor controller periodically suspends power supply to the sensor. The sensor controller stores two time intervals, a long time and a short time, as the intervals at which the sensor is stopped. A rain gauge is attached to the sensor.

The sensor controller selects the shorter time as the pause interval from the last rainfall to the fixed time based on the value of the rain gauge. This is because there is a high possibility that landslides, avalanches, landslides, etc. will occur. This causes the sensor to pause for the fixed time at the shorter time interval.

On the other hand, the sensor controller selects the longer time after the elapse of a certain time from the last rainfall. This is because the possibility of landslides, avalanches, and landslides is low. This causes the sensor to pause at the longer time interval for a period of time.

For the purpose of detecting avalanche, a snowfall meter and a thermometer are attached to the sensor. The sensor controller selects the shorter time as the rest interval for a certain time from the last snowfall, based on the value of the snowfall meter. This is because a snow avalanche is likely to occur. This causes the sensor to pause for the fixed time at the shorter time interval.

On the other hand, the sensor controller selects the longer time after the elapse of a certain time from the last snowfall. This is because an avalanche is unlikely to occur. This causes the sensor to pause at the longer time interval for a period of time.

Further, the sensor controller selects the shorter time as the pause interval when it detects a temperature at which an avalanche is likely to occur, with reference to the value of the thermometer. This also causes the sensor to pause for the fixed time at the shorter time interval.

Further, the sensor controller selects the shorter time as the pause interval when the accelerometers of all the sensors sense accelerations higher than a certain value with reference to the values of the accelerometers. This is because there is a high possibility that an earthquake has occurred, and there is a high possibility that a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. will occur.

Further, the sensor controller selects the shorter time as the pause interval even when the accelerometer of the specific sensor senses an acceleration equal to or higher than a certain value, based on the value of the accelerometer. This is because there is a high possibility that some kind of abnormality has occurred, and there is a high possibility that landslides, avalanches, and landslides will occur.

The camera controller starts the operation on a regular basis at a predetermined time. However, if there is abnormal sensor data, the operation is started immediately even if it is not a predetermined time.

The camera controller which has started the operation applies the neutral density filter to the camera when the present time is the time required for the neutral density filter, and then directs the camera to the sensor indicating the abnormality. However, if there is abnormal sensor data and it operates immediately, the camera is immediately pointed at the sensor indicating the abnormality without applying a neutral density filter to the camera.

After pointing the camera, the camera controller
An image in the vicinity of the sensor is acquired and transmitted to the terminal of the monitor. The camera controller suspends its operation after transmitting all images of the sensor indicating an abnormality to the terminal of the observer.

[0056]

As described above, according to the present invention,
An observer on a sloping ground can quickly and accurately grasp the occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc. from the image or the center of gravity of the image.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram in which the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is applied to a sloping ground.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control flow of a camera by a camera controller.

FIG. 4 is an image after occurrence of a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, and the like.

FIG. 5 is an image before a landslide, an avalanche, a landslide, etc.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an image acquired by a movement amount calculator when a mark A is buried in earth and sand.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an overall flow of the present invention.

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Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A camera for converting an image into digital data, and a mark for reflecting light which is arranged in a monitoring area such as a road or a mountain pass monitored by the camera, and the mark is monitored by the camera. It is a monitoring device that monitors the occurrence of landslides, avalanches, landslides, etc. by detecting the position change or disappearance of the mark, which is built in the mark and accelerates or tilts the sediment around the mark. And the like, and a camera controller that receives data transmitted from the sensor and controls the orientation and magnification of the camera based on the received data. 2. The monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein when one mark moves, the amount of movement of the mark is calculated using data transmitted from a plurality of the cameras that observe the mark. A monitoring device having a movement amount calculator. 3. The monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an illuminator that illuminates a field of the camera. 4. The monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein the camera has a polarization filter mounting section for mounting a polarization filter adapted to a wavelength of light emitted by the irradiation section. 5. The surveillance device according to claim 4, wherein the camera is a high-sensitivity camera. 6. A high-sensitivity camera, characterized in that two polarizing filters attached to the camera according to claim 5 are combined and rotated to adjust the amount of light incident on the lens of the camera. Using a monitoring device having a. 7. The monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor operates with a solar cell. 8. The monitoring device according to claim 7, further comprising a sensor control unit that controls a time during which the sensor is stopped or operated based on acceleration or inclination detected by the sensor.