JP2003183635A - Method for treating leaked oil - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating leaked oil, capable of efficiently eliminating flammability and ignitability of the leaked oil in a short time and affecting no bad effect to the environment including traffics and to the decomposition treatment of the leaked oil. <P>SOLUTION: This method for treating the leaked oil is to spray oil-digestive bacteria and an emulsifier, [e.g. enzyme excreted from bacteria and a surfactant (a neutral detergent, a biosurfactant or the like)], subsequently water to the leaked oil such as gasoline and the like to disperse and emulsify the leaked oil, spray a porous material and a supplemental nutrient such as phosphorus, nitrogen and the like to the emulsified oil, agitate the mixture, recover the clay-like mixture or leave the clay-like mixture on a roadside to suppress flammability and wait for decomposition of the mixture by oil-digestive bacteria. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention prevents secondary accidents such as traffic accidents and disasters such as rollover accidents of tank trucks, leakage of gasoline during gasoline refueling, leakage of highly volatile and flammable solvents, etc. The present invention relates to a method for treating leaked oil which is urgently taken to prevent the leakage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Regarding the treatment of leaked oil due to a vehicle accident, the oil leaks to the ground such as roads, but if it is not dealt with immediately, it will not only cause a secondary disaster due to ignition, but it will also affect the surrounding environment. It will have an adverse effect. Conventionally, in order to collect the oil, sand, porous materials such as perlite, adsorption mat, ash, sawdust, etc. are put in the oil leakage spot to adsorb the oil, or a dispersant (oil Processing agent)
Was used to disperse and dilute with water.

[0003]

However, according to the conventional adsorbent, even if the oil can be adsorbed, its flammability cannot be eliminated, and the oil drips, so that dangerous collection and transportation are possible. It becomes work. Also, in this case, even if water is sprayed at the same time, the adsorbent absorbs water first and absorbs oil on it, so that flammability cannot be eliminated. In this respect, even if a substance having a porous property (for example, diatomaceous earth) is used, water absorption is also preceded.

Most of the oil treatment agents approved by the national government are surfactants to which an organic solvent is added, and they are dispersants for finely dispersing oil. Therefore, even in the heavy oil spill accident due to the Russian tanker "Nakhodka", there was a problem that the environment would be polluted by the long-term remaining of oil, as in the case where the subsidence caused pollution and prolonged it in a shallow place due to subsidence. In order to solve this problem, a method using a microorganism (self-cleaning action) is attempted, but there is also a report that this dispersant inhibits biodegradation. In addition, the dispersant itself is artificially chemically synthesized and cannot be rendered harmless by biodegradation, which adversely affects the ecosystem.

As described above, in the conventional treatment method, it is necessary to carry out work in consideration of the risk of ignition of the adsorbate even after the treatment. In addition, when absorbed, the adsorbate must be transported to another place and treated separately, and the treatment with a dispersant does not dilute and diffuse the leaked substance and does not become an essential treatment. Furthermore, pollutants dispersed in nature are not only sources of environmental pollution, but even if they are expected to be decomposed by microorganisms, etc., only accidental decomposition is expected. Moreover, when an inorganic porous material is used as the adsorbent, due to its properties,
In some cases, dust was blown up and there was a problem that the friction coefficient of the road surface was reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
The flammability and ignitability of leaked oil can be eliminated efficiently in a short time.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating leaked oil to decompose the leaked oil and prevent the environment including traffic from being adversely affected.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a leaked oil such as gasoline to oil-and-fat-digesting bacteria and an emulsifier (for example, an enzyme and a surfactant secreted by the oil-and-fat-digesting bacteria (medium). Detergent, biosurfactant, etc.), and then sprinkling water to disperse and emulsify the leaked oil, and the emulsified substance has a porous substance and supplemental nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen. Of the leaked oil, which is characterized by spraying and stirring and then collecting the clay-like thing or leaving it on the roadside, etc. to suppress flammability, and then leave it to the oil-digesting bacteria and wait for its decomposition. It provides a processing method.

[0008] Examples of the substance having porosity (hereinafter referred to as “porous substance”) are inorganic substances, for example, diatomaceous earth is a typical example, but activated clay, ceramics and the like can be mentioned. . For convenience of explanation, "diatomaceous earth" is given as a representative example of the porous substance, and the porous material will be described below.

[0009]

[Operation] According to the above constitution, the emulsifier plays a role of a binder when mixing oil and water, and plays a role of dispersing and emulsifying water and oil such as gasoline. In the present application, the emulsifier and the surfactant are treated as synonymous terms.

The porous material keeps the leakage oil from leaking out. Further, water not only activates the function of the biosurfactant as a surfactant, but also disperses and emulsifies the oil and allows the porous material to absorb the emulsified substance, while the oil-and-fat digestive bacteria (also referred to as oil-and-fat-decomposing bacteria). ) Acts as an element to digest oil. The porous material also acts as a nest for fat-digesting bacteria, and supplemental nutrients facilitate this digestion.

When the particles of diatomaceous earth are magnified and viewed, they have a sponge-like structure with many bubbles inside,
From this, unlike sand that adheres water to the surface of the particles, it absorbs the emulsified liquid inside, and the absorption amount is large,
Since it has a property that it is difficult to discharge the liquid once absorbed, the outflow of oil and the like can be prevented, and there is no fear of dripping when collecting. Moreover, since the emulsified treatment liquid can be sucked, the oil can be contained in the water and the flammability can be eliminated.

In this respect, unlike the present invention,
When diatomaceous earth is added to the separated water and oil, the particles of diatomaceous earth absorb water first, and the oil absorbs water around the absorbed water, similar to the case where sand is used. Volatilization is likely to occur from the surface of, and thus flammability cannot be excluded.

Next, with regard to "connecting", the treated liquid in an emulsified state is re-separated into water and oil in a very short time, so that water and oil which should not be mixed originally should be preserved by using diatomaceous earth. Make a mixed state of time. This is possible because the particles of diatomaceous earth are extremely fine, and the familiar principle is that milk and butter, which should not be mixed when making cookies, are mixed by using flour as a familiar example. .

As described above, since the diatomaceous earth is "connected" and the treatment liquid is clay-like, the surface of the gasoline to be ignited surrounds the water and prevents the gasoline from evaporating, thus eliminating the danger of ignition. It Moreover, since diatomaceous earth also has a fire extinguishing effect in the first place, the danger of ignition is prevented by this.

As described above, the emulsifier plays a role of emulsifying the leaked oil in water, and the porous inorganic substance is included in the structure of the emulsified oil so that a substance such as highly volatile gasoline is volatilized. Is suppressed, the concentration in the atmosphere required for ignition does not reach, and ignition can be prevented. Furthermore, since the microorganisms having the ability to decompose oil are added to the porous inorganic substance, the absorbed oil is gradually decomposed and converted into carbon dioxide and water.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, fat-digesting bacteria are used for microbial decomposition of leaked oil.
These include, for example, the genus Acinetobacter, the genus Rhodococcus, the genus Bacillus, the genus Pseudomonas, and the like. At the same time as the fat-and-oil-digesting bacteria, a biosurfactant acting as a surfactant is sprayed as an emulsifier.

As the emulsifier, other surfactants or neutralizing agents may be used in addition to the biosurfactant, which does not violate the gist of the present invention, but in this case as well, it is artificially chemically synthesized. Rather, a natural source such as a plant that can be rendered harmless by biodegradation and does not adversely affect the ecosystem is used. In that respect, as a neutralizing agent, the main component is tall
Oil (for example, trade name; formula “FG-51
0 ") and the like.

Regarding supplementary nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen,
As the nitrogen source, polypeptone, urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, Hibonex (trade name) or the like can be used, but a phosphorus-containing nitrogen source such as ammonium phosphate or Hibonex (trade name) is preferable. . Further, specifically, those blended by the following formula are preferably cited.

(NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ (5 g), K ₂ HPO
₄ (5 g), MgSO ₄ (0.2 g), NaCl (1
g)

Thus, microorganisms (Paenibacillus, Acinetobac) having oil-degrading ability in a fine powder of diatomaceous earth.
ter, etc.) in a final concentration of about 10 ⁶ / g, and a surfactant and water are mixed with oil for the purpose of fire prevention and treated. In addition, diatomaceous earth is 1
Those finely pulverized to 0 μm to 30 μm are preferable. Further, addition of microorganisms to diatomaceous earth means addition of dry powder of microorganisms, powder supported on solid, or suspension of microorganisms to diatomaceous earth, and the whole after addition is thoroughly mixed and stirred. And homogenize. A powder mixer (for example, a V-shaped mixer or a powder mixing mixer) can be used for mixing.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, the diatomaceous earth absorbs the treatment liquid in an emulsified state, and the oil is confined in the water. Can be effectively prevented in a short time. Moreover, after processing,
By using diatomaceous earth, it is possible to increase the friction coefficient of the road surface and prevent secondary disasters such as slip.

Further, as an emulsifier involved in the emulsification,
Pollution-free biosurfactants and neutralizers are used. Among them, in particular, biosurfactants are those secreted by bacteria, and the addition of supplemental nutrients effectively enhances the ability to decompose fat-and-oil-digesting bacteria, so that the oil content is finally completely decomposed and no residue is left. There is an excellent effect that the leaked oil can be treated without adversely affecting the environment.

[0023]

EXAMPLES Finally, some experimental examples will be shown as examples.

The following Examples (1), (2), and (3) are all about the elimination of flammability and ignitability. Therefore, the samples are gasoline, and neutralization as an emulsifier. The agent, water and diatomaceous earth were used, and the oil-digesting bacteria and supplemental nutrients involved in biodegradation were not used. Further, the neutralizing agent has a trade name; Formula “FG-51
0 ”was used. As mentioned above, this is tall oil taken from North American coniferous trees, which has a cleaning action as a surfactant by a special colloid,
It is used in various fields.

In any case, the formula "FG-510" is sprinkled on gasoline as a leaking oil, and water is sprinkled to disperse and emulsify (a brush is used in the case of (1) and (3)). , The emulsified product was sprinkled with diatomaceous earth and stirred to form a clay. The figures in parentheses indicate quantitative ratios. The fine pulverization degree of diatomaceous earth is 1.32 μm-6.
7.52 μm and ≦ 29.074 μm 90%.

[0026] (1) Experiments on iron plates assuming treatment of leaked oil on asphalt       Gasoline 50cc (1)       Formula "FG-510" 20cc (0.3 or more)       Water 150cc (3)       Diatomaceous substance 200cc (4)

[0027] (2) Experiment assuming the treatment of leaked oil on dry soil       Gasoline 50cc (1)       Formula "FG-510" 20cc (0.3 or more)       Water 150cc (3)       Diatomaceous substance 100cc (2)

[0028] (3) Experiment on wet soil assuming treatment of leaked oil on wet road surface       Gasoline 50cc (1)       Formula "FG-510" 20cc (0.3 or more)       No water (due to wet surface)       Diatomaceous substance 100cc (2)

In any of the above cases, finally (Processing 10
No ignition, even after 60 minutes. But,
Considering safety, (1) is considered to be the minimum condition.

As another example, the case of using fat-and-oil-digesting bacteria is shown.・ Types of oil- and fat-digesting bacteria used: Microorganisms belonging to the genus Acinetobacter: 2% of the amount of diatomaceous earth added Form: Powder addition method: Bacteria alone was directly added to the leaked oil, or bacteria were previously mixed in the diatomaceous earth Use what you did.

(4) Using the above oil and fat digesting bacteria,
The following experiments were conducted. Gasoline 50 cc Formula “FG-510” 20 cc Water 150 cc Diatomaceous earth 200 cc Fat-digesting bacteria 4 g Incidentally, supplemental nutrients were added in the same manner as the above bacteria.

In the experimental example of (4) above, ignition was finally attempted (10 to 60 minutes after the treatment), but no ignition was observed. Further, it was found that after 24 hours, gasoline was completely decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, and there was no secondary pollution. Also, by spraying, the place will temporarily grow fat and oil digestive bacteria, but after this oil and fat digestive bacteria decomposes the oil, it will die itself, and due to the ecological balance of the natural world, it will be lost in a few days. As it returns to the street, it is possible to process oil without affecting the environment.

On the other hand, the "friction coefficient for road surface" related to the slip problem on traffic was tested. In the experiment, with respect to 100 gasoline, 10 surfactants (formula “FG-510”), 300 water, a porous absorbent substance containing microorganisms (diatomaceous earth to which fat-degrading bacteria were added)
What was constituted at a ratio of 400 (hereinafter, simply referred to as "anti-promoting agent") was used as the example material.

In the experiment, a rubber plate (diameter: 10 cm, thickness: 1 cm) was used on an asphalt pavement, and the friction coefficient of the fireproofing agent itself and the road surface after the fireproofing treatment was measured. Prior to the measurement, a weight was placed on a rubber plate to obtain a friction coefficient value.
The results are shown in Table 1. The experiment is an average value of three times. Also, 560g of heavy stones and 106
It can be seen that the reliability of the experimental values can be obtained because there is no large difference in the friction coefficient at 0 g.

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, the use of diatomaceous earth as a fire retardant obviously increases the friction coefficient of the road surface and is effective in preventing secondary accidents such as slip. Do you get it.

Next, an experiment was conducted to determine the factors necessary to prevent ignition of gasoline (eg, surfactant, water and fire retardant), and their effective amounts. Table 2 shows the respective amounts and combinations, the absorption results and the ignition prevention results.

[Table 2] From the results of Table 2, it can be seen that the composition and blending ratio of Experiment No. 7 are effective.

On the other hand, as a liquid absorbing material, AC light (trade name) made of a sponge-shaped cylindrical porous ceramics body baked at high temperature is commercially available. Therefore, the fire-preventing effect of the present invention (diatomaceous earth containing microorganisms) on the gasoline and the commercially available AC light was compared. The results are shown in Table 3.

[Table 3] As is clear from the results in Table 3, the commercially available liquid absorbent "AC
It can be seen that the "light" has no fire prevention effect.

Next, the anti-slip effect of the fireproofing agent according to the present invention was compared with similar oil absorbent "AC light" and conventionally used "perlite".
The experiment was confirmed by measuring the bulk density of each. The results are shown in Table 4.

[Table 4] As is clear from the results in Table 4, the fireproofing agent (diatomaceous earth) according to the present invention is the heaviest of the three, is less likely to scatter, and has a large antislip effect.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Naoki Tsubouchi             Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture Mayor, 3-11-18 Dobashi Stock Association             Inside the company gate (72) Inventor Kazuhiro Ishio             Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture Mayor, 3-11-18 Dobashi Stock Association             Inside the company gate F-term (reference) 4B065 AA01X AC20 BB04 BD50                       CA56                 4D077 AB20 AC01 CA12 CA16 DA02Y

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A leaked oil such as gasoline is sprayed with oil-and-fat-digesting bacteria and an emulsifier, and then water is sprinkled to disperse and emulsify the leaked oil. , Sprinkle supplementary nutrients such as nitrogen, and then stir to collect clay-like ones or leave them on the roadside to suppress flammability, and then leave them to oil-and-fat digestive bacteria for decomposition. A method for treating leaked oil, characterized by waiting. 2. The method for treating leaked oil according to claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is an enzyme and a surfactant (such as a neutral detergent or biosurfactant) secreted by oil and fat digesting bacteria. 3. A leaking oil such as gasoline is mixed with an emulsifier, water and a porous absorbent substance containing microorganisms to trap the leaking oil to prevent ignition and to decompose the trapped leaking oil. How to treat leaked oil. 4. The method for treating leaked oil according to claim 3, wherein the microorganism of the microorganism-containing porous absorbent is a microorganism capable of degrading mineral oil or animal and vegetable oil. 5. The porous absorbent substance of the microorganism-containing porous absorbent substance is preferably diatomaceous earth, which is a substance having no possibility of explosiveness or ignition. The method for treating leaked oil according to. 6. The microbe-containing porous absorbent material is a fine powder of diatomaceous earth to which microbes having an oil-decomposing ability are added, wherein
The method for treating leaked oil according to.