JP4183460B2 - Deodorizing method for contaminated soil - Google Patents
Deodorizing method for contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- JP4183460B2 JP4183460B2 JP2002253078A JP2002253078A JP4183460B2 JP 4183460 B2 JP4183460 B2 JP 4183460B2 JP 2002253078 A JP2002253078 A JP 2002253078A JP 2002253078 A JP2002253078 A JP 2002253078A JP 4183460 B2 JP4183460 B2 JP 4183460B2
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- contaminated soil
- deodorizing
- soil
- polyoxyethylene
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Landscapes
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、汚染土壌を洗浄処理するに先立って、特に掘削時などに有効に消臭することができる汚染土壌の消臭方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、地下水汚染と共に土壌汚染についても関心が高まり、その処理技術も進歩を遂げてきた。
汚染土壌、特に油汚染された土壌としては、各業種工場内やガソリンスタンド、一般住宅等において、原油や灯油、軽油、潤滑油、ギヤー油等が漏洩若しくは不法投棄された汚染土壌があり、また燃料油を運搬する大型船舶（タンカー）の座礁事故や人為的ミスなどにより流出した油等の海岸漂着による汚染土壌等がある。
現在、所有土地を売却する場合、その土地が油などで汚染されている際には、所有者はその責任において土地を清浄な状態にして購入者に引き渡さねばならないため、汚染土壌の洗浄処理を実施する必要がある。この洗浄処理法としては、既に各種の方法が提案、実施されており、特に油汚染土壌を洗浄処理する方法としては、原油、ガソリン、灯油、軽油等の軽質油はエアースパージング法、土壌ガス吸収法、バイオベンティング法、ソイルパイル法、ランドフォーミング法、土壌洗浄法等があり、潤滑油、マシン油、ギヤー油等の処理方法としては、加熱処理法、不溶化処理法、土壌洗浄法及び掘削除去法等が知られている。
また、油汚染以外の有機物、有害物質で汚染された土壌も同様である。悪臭の原因である有害揮発性成分を含む汚染土壌としては、石油取扱い事業所や各種工業薬品製造事業所の汚染土壌があり、有害揮発性成分としてはベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼン等の芳香族系炭化水素、プロピオン酸、酪酸、吉草酸等の低級脂肪酸類、また製鉄所内の石炭関連事業所ではベンゼン、ナフタレン、タール等がある。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記洗浄処理方法は、殆どの場合が処理前に土壌を採取するために掘削せねばならない方法であり、有害な揮発性成分が揮発（蒸発）して大気中に拡散して健康、生活環境リスク及び悪臭をもたらし、近隣住民に多大な悪影響を与えていた。さらに、例えばバイオレメディエーション工法のソイルパイル法、ランドフォーミング法、土壌洗浄法、加熱処理法、また土壌ガス吸収法では、原位置処理以外の土壌も掘削して処理するので、上述の問題は拡大するものとなっている。
このような汚染土壌を洗浄処理する前処理としては、水を掘削時に散布する程度であって、殆ど効果がなく、実質的に有効な方策が採られていないのが現状であり、その早急な対策が嘱望されている。
また、汚染土壌中に含まれる有害揮発性成分は、掘削以前にも継続的に、特に夏期などには大量に発生しているため、早急な洗浄処理が望まれる以前に、その揮発防止処理が望まれていた。
そこで、本発明は、汚染土壌の洗浄処理に先立って、例えば掘削時に発生する有害揮発性成分を封じ込めて消臭する方法を提案することを目的とする。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記に鑑み鋭意研究の末得られたものであり、汚染土壌を洗浄処理するに先立って、ＨＬＢが４〜１５のノニオン系界面活性剤の１種又は２種以上を炭化水素系溶剤に混合した後、水に希釈してＯ／Ｗ型エマルジョンとした消臭処理液を散布することにより、汚染土壌から発生する有害揮発性成分を封じ込めて消臭することを特徴とする汚染土壌処理時の消臭方法に関するものである。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の消臭方法の対象となる汚染土壌とは、製油所、化学工場等の各種工業薬品製造事業所やガソリンスタンド等において油や有機物が人為的ミス又は不法投棄された土壌等を挙げることができる。
【０００６】
本発明の消臭方法に用いるノニオン系界面活性剤は、前述のようにＨＬＢが４〜１５であって、好ましくは５．０〜１４．０であり、これらの範囲に属するノニオン系界面活性剤の中から、消臭対象である汚染土壌に応じて適宜に１種又は２種以上を選択して用いることができる。
例えばポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸アミド、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアミン、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルホルムアルデヒド縮合物等が挙げられる。これらは２種以上を混合して用いることができる。
【０００７】
特に好ましいノニオン系界面活性剤はエステル系界面活性剤であり、ポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビット脂肪酸エステル、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル等を挙げることができる。
さらに具体的には、ポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステルとしては、ポリオキシエチレンオレイン酸グリセリル、ポリオキシエチレンステアリン酸グリセリル等を、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルとしては、ポリオキシエチレンオレイン酸ソルビタン、ポリオキシエチレンステアリン酸ソルビタン等を、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルとしては、ヤシ油脂肪酸ソルビタン、オレイン酸ソルビタン等を、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステルとしては、ポリオキシエチレンオレイン酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンラウリル酸エステル等を、ポリオキシエチレンソルビット脂肪酸エステルとしては、ポリオキシエチレンテトラオレイン酸ソルビット、ポリオキシエチレンテトラステアリン酸ソルビット等を、グリセリン脂肪酸エステルとしては、ステアリン酸グリセリン等を、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとしては、オレイン酸ポリグリセリル、ステアリン酸ポリグリセリル、ラウリル酸ポリグリセリル等を挙げることができる。これらは２種以上を混合して用いることもできる。
これらのエステル系界面活性剤は、消臭効果もさることながら、生分解性に優れ、また極めて低毒性である。そのため、ＢＯＤ、ＣＯＤ源にならず、その後の洗浄処理法として、微生物の力を利用して汚染物質である有機物を分解させるバイオレメディエーション工法を用いる場合などにおいて、場合によっては洗浄処理に用いる微生物の栄養源になる利点がある。
【０００８】
前述のように本発明に用いるノニオン系界面活性剤は、ＨＬＢが４〜１５であって、特に好ましくは５．０〜１４．０であるが、安定なＯ／Ｗ型エマルジョンを形成したノニオン系界面活性剤の親油基が有害揮発性成分に吸着し、その吸着成分を水中に封じ込めることにより、有害揮発性成分の揮発（蒸発）を抑制して消臭するのである。
このＨＬＢが４以下では、水希釈時の混合性が悪く、散布した際に有害揮発性成分に界面活性剤の親油性が吸着し、エマルジョンがＷ／Ｏ型となり、親油基と有害揮発性分が外（大気）に向く配置となり、有害揮発性分は大気に放出され、脱臭効果は得られない。また、ＨＬＢが１５以上では、エマルジョンがＯ／Ｗ型にはなるものの、親油性が弱くなり、有害揮発性成分を親油基内に吸着、封じ込める力が弱くなり、この場合も有害揮発性成分の蒸発抑制効果が弱く、消臭効果はほとんど得られない。
【０００９】
上述のノニオン系界面活性剤は、水に希釈した場合、ＨＬＢが低いため混合性が悪く、エマルジョンを形成しにくいので、予めこのノニオン系界面活性剤と適当な溶剤とを混合溶解させた後、水に希釈すれば安定なＯ／Ｗ型エマルジョンを調製することができる。そして、このＯ／Ｗ型エマルジョンを消臭処理液として汚染土壌に散布すれば良い。
ここで用いられる溶剤としては、前述の毒性、生分解性を考慮すると、パラフィン系炭化水素、ナフテン系炭化水素等を使用することが好ましい。
また、Ｏ／Ｗ型エマルジョンの安定性向上の目的で、アニオン系界面活性剤及び両性界面活性剤を併用しても良い。
【００１０】
また、消臭処理液に用いる水は、特に限定するものではないが前記ノニオン系界面活性剤の２〜１０倍量程度である。
さらに、消臭処理液の散布量も特に限定するものではないが、例えば掘削時に散布する場合には、露出する表面積が大きいので、汚染土壌を十分に濡らす量からやや過剰の量が好ましく、汚染土壌の種類、例えば粘土質の細かい粒度から砂状の粗粒子、含水率の違い、或いは臭気強度の違いなどによって異なるが、汚染土壌の容積に対して０．１〜５倍量が好ましい。掘削時以前の平坦状の土壌表面に消臭処理液を散布する場合には、露出する表面積が小さいので、散布量はそれより少ない量で良い。
【００１１】
ノニオン系界面活性剤及び水を主成分とするＯ／Ｗ型エマルジョンである消臭処理液を散布する方法は、特に限定するものではなく、公知の機械的、物理的手法を採用することができる。例えば汚染土壌を掘削以前の放置時、或いは掘削時又は掘削直前に市販の散布機を用いて消臭処理液を掘削土壌に直接散布することにより、有害揮発性成分を封じ込めて消臭することができる。
【００１２】
消臭処理液を散布した後の汚染土壌は、原位置処理のバイオレメディエーション工法ではそのまま処理可能であり、原位置処理以外の土壌洗浄法、加熱処理法等でもトラック等に散布した汚染土壌の乾燥防止の処理を施し、積載、運搬して他の場所で処理することが可能である。
【００１３】
汚染土壌を洗浄処理する方法は、前述のとおり多くの方法が知られており、本発明の消臭方法以降の処理であるから、特に何等制限はなく、どのような洗浄処理を施しても良い。特にバイオレメディエーション工法で処理する場合、微生物の力を利用して汚染物質である有機物を分解させるが、この時、前記本発明の消臭方法に用いるノニオン系界面活性剤の毒性が強いと、場合によっては微生物を死滅させ、また生分解性が悪いノニオン系界面活性剤ではＢＯＤ、ＣＯＤ源となり微生物の分解力を妨げることがある。そのため、前述のようにノニオン系界面活性剤としてエステル系界面活性剤を用いると、生分解性に優れ、極めて低毒性であるため、ＢＯＤ、ＣＯＤ源にならず、場合によっては洗浄処理に用いる微生物の栄養源になる利点がある。
【００１４】
【実施例】
〔試験１〕
掘削すると悪臭（刺激臭）がする化学工場跡地の汚染土壌を用いて以下の試験方法で消臭試験を行った。
悪臭成分は発生したガスをガスクロマトグラフィー法で測定したところ、低級脂肪酸であるプロピオン酸が主成分であった。
用いた消臭液（原液）の配合割合を表１に示した。
【表１】
〈試験方法〉
１．跡地を鉄板で２m（縦）×２m（横）×１m（深さ）に仕切った。
２．仕切った土壌の中央を直径１×約０．５（深さ）の円柱になるようにバックホウで掘削を開始し、同時に掘削箇所に前記消臭原液を水で５倍に希釈した消臭処理液を散布した。掘削時間は約１０分に、また散布量は８００Ｌに調整した。
３．掘削及び散布終了後、速やかに６人のパネルによる臭気強度を表２に示す６段階臭気強度表示法で測定した。尚、掘削、散布及び臭気強度の測定の間隔はパネルの嗅覚が正常に機能するように各々約３〜４時間おいて行った。
【表２】
〈試験結果〉
臭気強度の試験結果は表３に示した。
【表３】
【００１７】
〔試験２〕
クレーにトルエンを添加して人工的に臭気を発生させて消臭試験を行った。
【００１８】
〈試験方法〉
１．２０Ｌペール缶にポリプロピレン袋を内封し、ＮＮカオリンクレーを均一の高さになるように３kg入れた。
２．次にトルエン１ccをピペットでクレー上に均一になるように滴下した。
３．速やかに袋を密封し、クレーとトルエンを十分に混合した。袋を開封し、空気層を抜いて一昼夜静置した。
４．次に水で３倍に希釈した洗浄液を９Ｌ加えて袋を容量一杯に膨らませ（２０Ｌ）、密封したまま十分に混合した。
５．密閉したまま５分経過した後、ガス検知器で空気中のトルエン濃度の測定を行った。また同時に速やかに６人のモニターによる臭気強度を６段階強度表示法で測定した。尚、試験（トルエン濃度測定及び臭気強度測定）の間隔はパネルの嗅覚が正常に機能するように各々約３〜４時間おいて行った。
【００１９】
〈試験結果〉
トルエン濃度の測定結果は表４に、臭気強度の試験結果は表５に示した。
【表４】
表５より明らかなように、ＨＬＢが４〜１５のノニオン系界面活性剤を１種又は２種用いたＡ〜Ｃの消臭原液を水で５倍に希釈した消臭処理液を汚染土壌に加えた実施例では、平均の評価が０．３，０．５，０．３であり、極めて良好な消臭効果が認められた。これに対し、ＨＬＢが前記範囲よりも大きいＤ，Ｆ、ＨＬＢが前記範囲よりも小さいＥの消臭原液を水で５倍に希釈した消臭処理液や単なる水であるＧを散布した比較例では、平均の評価が３．３，３．２，４．５と明らかに悪く、未処理のＨよりも僅かににおいを和らげることができたに過ぎなかった。
【００２０】
以上本発明を実施例に基づいて説明したが、本発明は前記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載した構成を変更しない限りどのようにでも実施することができる。
【００２１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明の汚染土壌の消臭方法は、汚染土壌を洗浄処理するに先立って、例えば汚染土壌の掘削時などに散布することにより、汚染土壌から発生する有害揮発成分を効果的に封じ込めて消臭することができる。即ち、本発明における消臭機構は、安定なＯ／Ｗ型エマルジョンを形成したノニオン系界面活性剤の親油基が有害揮発性成分に吸着し、その吸着成分を水中に封じ込めることにより、有害揮発性成分の揮発（蒸発）を抑制して消臭することができる。
【００２２】
また、特にＨＬＢが４〜１５のエステル系ノニオン系界面活性剤の複数種類をを適宜組み合わせて処方することにより、有害揮発成分の種類の違いによっても十分な消臭効果を発揮し、さらに生分解性に優れ、しかも極めて低毒性であるため、以後の土壌処理をスムーズに実施することができる。
例えば本発明の消臭方法で消臭処理後の汚染土壌は原位置処理のバイオレメディエーション工法ではそのまま処理可能であり（場合によっては土壌表面に水散布、乾燥防止の措置）、原位置処理以外の土壌洗浄法、加熱処理法等でもトラック等に散布した汚染土壌の乾燥防止の処理を施し、積載、運搬して他の場所で処理することが可能である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a deodorizing method for contaminated soil, which can effectively deodorize, particularly during excavation, prior to cleaning the contaminated soil.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, interest in soil contamination as well as groundwater contamination has increased, and the treatment technology has also advanced.
Contaminated soil, especially oil-contaminated soil, includes contaminated soil where crude oil, kerosene, light oil, lubricating oil, gear oil, etc. leaked or illegally dumped in factories, gasoline stations, general houses, etc. There are contaminated soil due to shore drift of oil spilled due to grounding accidents or human error of large ships (tankers) that transport fuel oil.
Currently, when selling owned land, if the land is contaminated with oil, etc., the owner must be responsible for cleaning the land and handing it over to the purchaser. Need to be implemented. Various methods have already been proposed and implemented for this cleaning method. In particular, light oils such as crude oil, gasoline, kerosene, and light oil are used as cleaning methods for oil-contaminated soil. Method, bio-venting method, soil pile method, land forming method, soil washing method, etc., as treatment methods for lubricating oil, machine oil, gear oil, etc., heat treatment method, insolubilization treatment method, soil washing method and excavation removal Laws are known.
The same applies to soil contaminated with organic substances and harmful substances other than oil pollution. Contaminated soil containing harmful volatile components that cause foul odors include contaminated soil from oil handling establishments and various industrial chemical manufacturing establishments, and aromatic substances such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and ethylbenzene are used as harmful volatile components. Lower fatty acids such as hydrocarbons, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid, and benzene, naphthalene, tar, etc. at coal-related establishments in steelworks.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in most cases, the cleaning method is a method that must be excavated in order to collect the soil before the treatment, and harmful volatile components are volatilized (evaporated) and diffused into the atmosphere to promote health and living. It caused environmental risks and bad odors, and had a great negative effect on neighboring residents. Furthermore, for example, the soil pile method, the land forming method, the soil cleaning method, the heat treatment method, and the soil gas absorption method of the bioremediation method excavate and treat soil other than in-situ treatment. It has become.
The pretreatment for washing such contaminated soil is to the extent that water is sprayed at the time of excavation, has little effect, and no effective measures have been taken. Countermeasures are envied.
In addition, harmful volatile components contained in contaminated soil are generated in large quantities continuously before excavation, especially in the summer, so that volatilization prevention treatment must be performed before urgent cleaning treatment is desired. It was desired.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to propose a method for deodorizing by containing harmful volatile components generated during excavation, for example, prior to cleaning treatment of contaminated soil.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been obtained as a result of intensive studies in view of the above, and prior to washing contaminated soil, one or more nonionic surfactants having an HLB of 4 to 15 are hydrocarbon-based. Contaminated soil characterized by containing harmful volatile components generated from contaminated soil and deodorizing by mixing with a solvent and then spraying a deodorizing treatment liquid diluted in water to form an O / W emulsion. It relates to a deodorizing method during processing.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Contaminated soils subject to the deodorization method of the present invention include soils where oils and organic substances are artificially mistaken or illegally dumped at various industrial chemical manufacturing establishments such as refineries and chemical factories, and gas stations. Can do.
[0006]
As described above, the nonionic surfactant used in the deodorizing method of the present invention has an HLB of 4 to 15, preferably 5.0 to 14.0, and the nonionic surfactant belonging to these ranges. Among them, one or two or more can be appropriately selected and used according to the contaminated soil to be deodorized.
For example, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl Ether, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl formaldehyde condensate and the like can be mentioned. These can be used in combination of two or more.
[0007]
Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants are ester surfactants such as polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene. Examples include fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbite fatty acid esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, and polyglycerin fatty acid esters.
More specifically, the polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester includes polyoxyethylene glyceryl oleate, polyoxyethylene glyceryl stearate, and the like, and the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester includes polyoxyethylene oleate sorbitan, polyoxyethylene For example, sorbitan stearate, sorbitan fatty acid ester, coconut oil fatty acid sorbitan, oleic acid sorbitan, etc., polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene oleic acid ester, polyoxyethylene lauric acid ester, etc., polyoxyethylene Examples of sorbite fatty acid esters include polyoxyethylene tetraoleic acid sorbite, polyoxyethylene tetrastearic acid sorbite, and glycerin fatty acid. The ester, glycerin stearate and the like, polyglycerol fatty acid ester include polyglyceryl oleate, polyglyceryl stearate, polyglyceryl laurate, and the like. These may be used in combination of two or more.
These ester surfactants are excellent in biodegradability as well as deodorizing effects, and have extremely low toxicity. Therefore, it does not become a source of BOD and COD, and in the case of using a bioremediation method for decomposing organic substances that are pollutants using the power of microorganisms as a subsequent cleaning method, in some cases the microorganism used for the cleaning process There is an advantage of becoming a nutrient source.
[0008]
As described above, the nonionic surfactant used in the present invention has an HLB of 4 to 15 and particularly preferably 5.0 to 14.0, but a nonionic surfactant that forms a stable O / W emulsion. The lipophilic group of the surfactant is adsorbed on the harmful volatile component, and the adsorbed component is contained in water, thereby suppressing the volatilization (evaporation) of the harmful volatile component and deodorizing.
When the HLB is 4 or less, the mixing property when diluted with water is poor, and when sprayed, the lipophilicity of the surfactant is adsorbed to the harmful volatile components, the emulsion becomes W / O type, and the lipophilic group and harmful volatile properties. The arrangement is directed to the outside (atmosphere), harmful volatile components are released to the atmosphere, and no deodorizing effect is obtained. On the other hand, when the HLB is 15 or more, the emulsion becomes O / W type, but the lipophilicity becomes weak and the ability to adsorb and contain harmful volatile components in the lipophilic group becomes weak. The evaporation suppression effect is weak and almost no deodorizing effect is obtained.
[0009]
When the above-mentioned nonionic surfactant is diluted in water, the HLB is low, so the mixing property is poor and it is difficult to form an emulsion. Therefore, after this nonionic surfactant and an appropriate solvent are mixed and dissolved in advance, When diluted in water, a stable O / W emulsion can be prepared. And what is necessary is just to spray this O / W type emulsion on contaminated soil as a deodorizing treatment liquid.
As the solvent used here, it is preferable to use paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic hydrocarbons, etc. in view of the above-described toxicity and biodegradability.
An anionic surfactant and an amphoteric surfactant may be used in combination for the purpose of improving the stability of the O / W emulsion.
[0010]
Moreover, the water used for the deodorizing treatment liquid is not particularly limited, but is about 2 to 10 times the amount of the nonionic surfactant.
Furthermore, the amount of the deodorant treatment liquid sprayed is not particularly limited. For example, when spraying during excavation, the exposed surface area is large, so a slightly excessive amount from the amount that sufficiently wets the contaminated soil is preferable. Although it varies depending on the type of soil, for example, clay-like fine particle size to sandy coarse particles, a difference in water content, or a difference in odor intensity, the amount is preferably 0.1 to 5 times the volume of contaminated soil. When spraying the deodorizing treatment liquid on the flat soil surface before excavation, the exposed surface area is small, so the spraying amount may be smaller.
[0011]
The method of spraying the deodorizing treatment liquid that is an O / W emulsion mainly composed of a nonionic surfactant and water is not particularly limited, and a known mechanical or physical method can be employed. . For example, when contaminated soil is left standing before excavation, or when the deodorizing treatment liquid is sprayed directly on the excavated soil using a commercially available sprayer at the time of excavation or immediately before excavation, it may contain and deodorize harmful volatile components. it can.
[0012]
The contaminated soil after spraying the deodorant treatment liquid can be treated as it is by the in-situ bioremediation method, and the soil that has been sprayed on trucks etc. can also be dried by soil washing methods other than in-situ treatment, heat treatment methods, etc. It is possible to carry out prevention processing, load and transport it and process it elsewhere.
[0013]
As described above, there are many known methods for cleaning contaminated soil, and since it is a treatment after the deodorization method of the present invention, there is no particular limitation, and any cleaning treatment may be performed. . In particular, when treating with the bioremediation method, the organic matter that is a pollutant is decomposed using the power of microorganisms. At this time, if the nonionic surfactant used in the deodorization method of the present invention is highly toxic, Depending on the type, nonionic surfactants with a poor biodegradability may be killed by microorganisms, and may be a source of BOD and COD, thereby hindering the ability of microorganisms to decompose. Therefore, as described above, when an ester surfactant is used as a nonionic surfactant, it is excellent in biodegradability and extremely low toxicity, so it does not become a source of BOD and COD, and in some cases, a microorganism used for cleaning treatment There is an advantage of becoming a nutrient source.
[0014]
【Example】
[Test 1]
The deodorization test was conducted by the following test method using the contaminated soil of the former chemical factory where bad odor (irritating odor) was generated when excavated.
The malodorous component was determined by measuring the generated gas by gas chromatography. As a result, propionic acid, which is a lower fatty acid, was the main component.
Table 1 shows the mixing ratio of the used deodorant solution (stock solution).
[Table 1]
<Test method>
1. The site was divided into 2m (vertical) x 2m (horizontal) x 1m (depth) with an iron plate.
2. Deodorizing treatment liquid that starts excavation with a backhoe so that the center of the partitioned soil becomes a cylinder with a diameter of about 1 x approx. 0.5 (depth), and at the same time dilutes the deodorizing stock solution five times with water. Sprayed. The excavation time was adjusted to about 10 minutes and the spraying amount was adjusted to 800L.
3. Immediately after completion of excavation and spraying, the odor intensity by the panel of 6 persons was measured by the 6-step odor intensity display method shown in Table 2. In addition, the intervals of excavation, spraying, and measurement of odor intensity were performed for about 3 to 4 hours, respectively, so that the olfaction of the panel functions normally.
[Table 2]
<Test results>
The odor intensity test results are shown in Table 3.
[Table 3]
[0017]
[Test 2]
A deodorization test was conducted by adding toluene to clay to artificially generate odor.
[0018]
<Test method>
1. A polypropylene bag was sealed in a 20 L pail, and 3 kg of NN kaolin clay was added to a uniform height.
2. Next, 1 cc of toluene was dropped with a pipette so as to be uniform on the clay.
3. The bag was quickly sealed and clay and toluene were mixed well. The bag was opened, the air layer was removed, and the bag was left standing overnight.
4). Next, 9 L of a washing solution diluted 3 times with water was added to inflate the bag to a full capacity (20 L), and mixed well while being sealed.
5. After 5 minutes in a sealed state, the concentration of toluene in the air was measured with a gas detector. At the same time, the odor intensity by 6 monitors was measured by a 6-step intensity display method. The interval between the tests (toluene concentration measurement and odor intensity measurement) was about 3 to 4 hours each so that the olfaction of the panel functioned normally.
[0019]
<Test results>
Table 4 shows the measurement results of the toluene concentration, and Table 5 shows the test results of the odor intensity.
[Table 4]
As is clear from Table 5, deodorizing treatment liquid obtained by diluting A to C deodorizing stock solution 5 or 5 times with water using one or two nonionic surfactants having HLB of 4 to 15 to contaminated soil In the added Example, average evaluation was 0.3, 0.5, 0.3, and the very favorable deodorizing effect was recognized. On the other hand, the comparative example which sprayed G which is a deodorizing treatment liquid which diluted D, F , HLB whose HLB is larger than the above-mentioned range, and the deodorizing stock solution of E whose HLB is smaller than the above-mentioned range 5 times with water, or simple water Then, the average evaluation was obviously poor at 3.3, 3.2, and 4.5, and it was only possible to relieve the odor slightly from untreated H.
[0020]
The present invention has been described based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented in any manner as long as the configuration described in the claims is not changed.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the deodorizing method for contaminated soil according to the present invention effectively removes harmful volatile components generated from the contaminated soil by spraying the contaminated soil, for example, during excavation of the contaminated soil prior to the cleaning treatment. It can be contained and deodorized. In other words, the deodorization mechanism in the present invention is based on the fact that the lipophilic group of the nonionic surfactant that forms a stable O / W emulsion is adsorbed by harmful volatile components, and the adsorbed components are contained in water. It can deodorize by suppressing volatilization (evaporation) of the sex component.
[0022]
In addition, by formulating a combination of a plurality of ester nonionic surfactants having an HLB of 4 to 15 as appropriate, a sufficient deodorizing effect can be obtained depending on the type of harmful volatile components, and biodegradation is further achieved. The soil treatment can be carried out smoothly because of its excellent properties and extremely low toxicity.
For example, the contaminated soil after deodorization treatment by the deodorization method of the present invention can be treated as it is by the in-situ bioremediation method (in some cases, water is sprayed on the soil surface, measures to prevent drying). The soil washing method, heat treatment method, and the like can also be applied to prevent drying of the contaminated soil sprayed on the truck, etc., and can be loaded and transported to be treated elsewhere.
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