JP2003182485A - Safety device for pedestrian - Google Patents
Safety device for pedestrianInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003182485A JP2003182485A JP2002350714A JP2002350714A JP2003182485A JP 2003182485 A JP2003182485 A JP 2003182485A JP 2002350714 A JP2002350714 A JP 2002350714A JP 2002350714 A JP2002350714 A JP 2002350714A JP 2003182485 A JP2003182485 A JP 2003182485A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas bag
- safety device
- guide
- guide device
- windshield
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/34—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians
- B60R21/36—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians using airbags
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R2021/161—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by additional means for controlling deployment trajectory
Abstract
Description
【0001】本発明は、ガスバッグを備えた歩行者用安
全装置に関し、該ガスバッグは、該安全装置を具備した
車両のフロントガラスの外側を膨張状態において少なく
とも部分的に覆う。The present invention relates to a pedestrian safety device with a gas bag, which at least partially covers the outside of the windshield of a vehicle equipped with the safety device in an inflated state.
【0002】そのようなガスバッグは例えばドイツ特許
公開公報第2711338号又はドイツ特許公開公報第
19745873号から公知である。ガスバッグはここ
では通常、エンジンボンネットの後縁の下の、フロント
ガラス洗浄水の容器の領域に収納され、歩行者又は他の
道路使用者が車両と衝突すると、エンジンボンネットの
後縁とフロントガラスの下縁との間から現れる。Such a gas bag is known, for example, from DE-A 27 11 338 or DE-A 1974 5873. The gas bag here is usually housed in the area of the windshield wash water container below the trailing edge of the engine bonnet, and when a pedestrian or other road user collides with the vehicle, the trailing edge of the engine bonnet and the windshield are Appears from between the lower edge.
【0003】本発明は、車両の少なくとも1つのAコラ
ムにガスバッグの案内装置を設け、該案内装置にガスバ
ッグを連結することによりさらによい安全装置を提供す
る。案内装置により、フロントガラスに対するガスバッ
グの、正確に設定可能かつ再現可能な位置決めが達成さ
れる。たとえ歩行者がガスバッグと接触しても、ガスバ
ッグはもはや移動されることができず、又はわずかに移
動されるだけである。The present invention provides a further safety device by providing a gas bag guiding device on at least one A column of a vehicle and connecting the gas bag to the guiding device. The guiding device achieves an accurately settable and reproducible positioning of the gas bag with respect to the windshield. Even if a pedestrian comes into contact with the gas bag, the gas bag can no longer be moved or only slightly moved.
【0004】案内装置は例えば案内軌道、好ましくは直
線状ガイド、例えば一種の走行軌道(runner t
rack)であり、すなわち簡単に収容できる装置であ
る。好ましくは、ガスバッグと案内装置とは、ガスバッ
グがその膨張時にガスバッグと案内装置との接続部を案
内装置に沿って移動させるよう、すなわちガスバッグが
全体として自力で案内装置によって案内された方法で移
動するよう、構成する。他の可能性は、ガスバッグを案
内装置に沿って移動させるガスバッグのためのアクティ
ブ駆動装置を設けることである。The guide device is, for example, a guide track, preferably a linear guide, such as a type of run track.
rack), that is, a device that can be easily accommodated. Preferably, the gas bag and the guide device are arranged such that when the gas bag is inflated, the connecting portion between the gas bag and the guide device is moved along the guide device, that is, the gas bag is guided by the guide device as a whole by itself. Configure to move by method. Another possibility is to provide an active drive for the gas bag which moves it along the guide.
【0005】接続要素をガスバッグ上に配置し、該接続
要素を案内装置内において変移自在となるよう締結し、
該接続要素によってガスバッグの案内装置との接続部を
形成することが考察された。この接続要素は、ガスバッ
グのタブによって形成でき、またはスペースを節約する
ためバンド又はケーブルであってもよい。接続要素はこ
こでは案内装置内を変移自在の摺動ブロックと接続され
る。膨張したガスバッグの最終位置のためのロック装置
により、最終位置に至ったときにはガスバッグのそれ以
上の明らかな変移が生じないようにする。Arranging the connecting element on the gas bag and fastening it so as to be displaceable in the guiding device,
It was considered that the connecting element forms a connection with the guiding device of the gas bag. This connecting element can be formed by the tab of the gas bag or it may be a band or cable to save space. The connecting element is here connected to a sliding block which is displaceable in the guidance device. A locking device for the final position of the inflated gas bag ensures that no further obvious displacement of the gas bag occurs when the final position is reached.
【0006】ロック装置は掛け止め機構であってもよ
く、該掛け止め機構内にガスバッグの案内装置との接続
部が進入し、該掛け止め機構が接続部が押し戻されるの
を防止する。The locking device may be a latching mechanism, and prevents the connecting portion of the gas bag from the guide device from entering into the latching mechanism, and the latching mechanism prevents the connecting portion from being pushed back.
【0007】好ましくは、案内装置を1つのAコラム上
のみでなく、両方のAコラム上に設ける。好ましい実施
の形態によれば、ガスバッグはその膨張時にエンジンボ
ンネットとフロントガラスの下縁との間から飛び出し、
フロントガラスに沿って上方に移動する。Preferably, the guiding device is provided not only on one A column but on both A columns. According to a preferred embodiment, the gas bag pops out between the engine bonnet and the lower edge of the windshield when it inflates,
Move up along the windshield.
【0008】ガスバッグの膨張時に運転者の視界を不必
要に制限しないよう、またそれにもかかわらずAコラム
の領域を実際十分に保護するため、膨張したガスバッグ
はU字形の形状を有し、関連したAコラムの少なくとも
下方部分をそれぞれ覆う2つの上向きの脚を備え、また
フロントガラスの下縁の領域を覆う中間ウェブを備え
る。The inflated gas bag has a U-shaped configuration so as not to unnecessarily limit the driver's field of view when the gas bag is inflated, and nevertheless effectively protects the area of the A column. It has two upward legs each covering at least the lower part of the associated A column and also an intermediate web covering the region of the lower edge of the windshield.
【0009】本発明の他の特徴及び利点は、以下の説明
から、及び参照される添付の図面から明らかとなろう。
図1には車両が図示され、該車両には歩行者又は他の道
路使用者のための安全装置が具備されている。車両はフ
ロントガラス1と、エンジンボンネット3と、フロント
ガラス1の側の2つのAコラム5とを有する。Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and from the accompanying drawings, to which reference is made.
A vehicle is shown in FIG. 1 and is equipped with safety equipment for pedestrians or other road users. The vehicle has a windshield 1, an engine hood 3, and two A columns 5 on the side of the windshield 1.
【0010】安全装置はガスバッグ7を備え、該ガスバ
ッグは膨張状態においてU字形の形状を有し、それぞれ
関連するAコラム5の下方領域を覆う2つの上向きの脚
9を有する。脚9を相互接続し、同様に膨らまされる中
間ウェブ11が、フロントガラス1の下縁23の領域を
覆い、また必要であればエンジンボンネット3の後縁2
1を若干引き上げることができる。The safety device comprises a gas bag 7, which has a U-shaped configuration in the inflated state and has two upward legs 9 which respectively cover the lower area of the associated A column 5. An intermediate web 11 which interconnects the legs 9 and is also inflated covers the area of the lower edge 23 of the windshield 1 and, if necessary, the rear edge 2 of the engine hood 3.
1 can be raised slightly.
【0011】非膨張状態において、ガスバッグ7はエン
ジンボンネット3の下方の、フロントガラス洗浄水の容
器の領域に収納される。歩行者又は他の道路使用者が検
出され、この人物との衝突が制御装置により予測される
とすぐに、ガスバッグ7は膨らまされ、エンジンボンネ
ット3の後縁21とフロントガラス1の下縁23との間
から現れて、部分的にフロントガラス1及びAコラム5
の上方を覆う位置となる。In the non-inflated state, the gas bag 7 is stored in the region of the windshield wash water container below the engine hood 3. As soon as a pedestrian or other road user is detected and a collision with this person is predicted by the control device, the gas bag 7 is inflated and the rear edge 21 of the engine hood 3 and the lower edge 23 of the windshield 1 are inflated. Appearing from between and partly on the windshield 1 and A column 5
It will be a position that covers the upper part of.
【0012】ガスバッグ7が設定された方法で図1に示
す最終位置内に移動するよう、安全装置はさらに、各A
コラム上にガスバッグ7のための1つの案内装置を具備
している。このため、それぞれ走行軌道の形をとった1
つの直線状ガイドがAコラム5に沿って延長し、該走行
軌道内に一種の摺動ブロック15が長手方向に変移自在
に収納され、該摺動ブロックは例えばボール又は摺動ボ
ルトの形をとる。各脚9の上部自由端には摺動ブロック
15が設けられ、該摺動ブロックは接続要素、例えばバ
ンド又はケーブル17を介してガスバッグ7と接続され
ている。バンド又はケーブル17のガスバッグ7に対す
る締結点は19で示す。摺動ブロック15は、ガスバッ
グ7とそれぞれの案内装置13との接続部を形成する。A safety device is further provided for each A so that the gas bag 7 can be moved into the final position shown in FIG. 1 in a set manner.
On the column there is provided one guiding device for the gas bag 7. For this reason, each has the shape of a running track.
Two linear guides extend along the A column 5, and a kind of sliding block 15 is accommodated in the running track so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction, and the sliding block takes the form of, for example, a ball or a sliding bolt. . A sliding block 15 is provided at the upper free end of each leg 9 and is connected to the gas bag 7 via a connecting element, for example a band or cable 17. The fastening point of the band or cable 17 to the gas bag 7 is indicated by 19. The sliding block 15 forms a connection between the gas bag 7 and the respective guide device 13.
【0013】各案内装置13の上端には掛け止め機構の
形状としたロック装置18が設けられている。ロック装
置18は保持フラップ20から成り、該保持フラップは
摺動ブロック15が上方の閉鎖室22内に進入するのを
許容するが、室22から下方向に出てゆくのを防止す
る。A lock device 18 in the shape of a hooking mechanism is provided at the upper end of each guide device 13. The locking device 18 comprises a retaining flap 20, which allows the sliding block 15 to enter the upper closed chamber 22 but prevents it from exiting downwardly from the chamber 22.
【0014】ガスバッグ7はその膨張時に自動的に2つ
の案内ブロック15を案内装置13に沿って上方に押圧
移動させる。そのためガスバッグの展開及びフロントガ
ラスに沿った移動はまた適切に事前設定でき、かつ再現
可能である。摺動ブロック15がロック装置18を通過
した後ガスバッグの最終位置に至り、該位置においてガ
スバッグは歩行者が衝突したとしてもさらに移動するこ
とはほとんどない。When the gas bag 7 is inflated, the two guide blocks 15 are automatically pushed and moved upward along the guide device 13. As such, deployment of the gas bag and movement along the windshield are also appropriately preset and reproducible. After the sliding block 15 has passed the locking device 18, it reaches the final position of the gas bag, and at that position, the gas bag hardly moves further even if a pedestrian collides.
【0015】ガスバッグの最終位置、すなわち案内装置
13の上部領域でのガスバッグの固定及び位置決めは、
接続要素17の長さによって最適化することができる。
また、摺動ブロック15をガスバッグ7に直接接続する
こともできる。The final position of the gas bag, ie the fixing and positioning of the gas bag in the upper area of the guiding device 13,
It can be optimized by the length of the connecting element 17.
Further, the sliding block 15 can be directly connected to the gas bag 7.
【0016】代替的には、例えば摺動ブロック15にケ
ーブルを連結し、該ケーブルを火工式(pyrotec
hnic)駆動機構により上方に引っ張ることによって
積極的位置決めを行い、これによりガスバッグ7をより
迅速に最終位置に至らしめることもできる。Alternatively, for example, a cable may be connected to the sliding block 15 and the cable may be pyrotechnic.
It is also possible to bring the gas bag 7 to the final position more quickly by positively positioning it by pulling it upward by the (hnic) drive mechanism.
【0017】直線状ガイドは図3に図示するようにAコ
ラムの外側に設けなければならないわけではない。直線
状ガイドをフロントガラス1に面するAコラム5の内縁
に設けることもできる。したがって、案内装置13のた
め追加的なカバーを設ける必要はなく、さらには理解の
容易化のため追加的なカバーは図3に図示しない。The linear guide does not have to be provided outside the A column as shown in FIG. It is also possible to provide a linear guide at the inner edge of the A column 5 facing the windshield 1. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide an additional cover for the guiding device 13, and for the sake of easier understanding, the additional cover is not shown in FIG.
【図1】本発明による安全装置を備えた車両を、膨張し
たガスバッグと共に示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle equipped with a safety device according to the present invention together with an inflated gas bag.
【図2】図1に示したガスバッグのみを、ガスバッグの
案内装置への接続部と共に示す図である。FIG. 2 is a view showing only the gas bag shown in FIG. 1 together with a connecting portion of the gas bag to a guide device.
【図3】車両のフロントガラスの領域を、Aコラム上の
案内装置と共に示し、さらにAコラムを拡大して図示す
る図である。FIG. 3 is a view showing a region of a windshield of a vehicle together with a guide device on an A column and further enlarging the A column.
【図4】案内装置の、ロック装置領域の上端を、未だロ
ックされていない摺動ブロック(図4a)及びロックさ
れた摺動ブロック(図4b)と共に示す図である。FIG. 4 shows the guide device at the upper end of the locking device area with the sliding block still unlocked (FIG. 4a) and the sliding block locked (FIG. 4b).
1 フロントガラス 3 エンジンボンネ
ット
5 Aコラム 7 ガスバッグ
9 脚 11 中間ウェブ
13 案内装置 15 摺動ブロック
17 ケーブル 18 ロック装置
19 締結点 20 保持フラップ
21 エンジンボンネットの後縁 22 閉鎖室
23 フロントガラスの下縁1 Windshield 3 Engine Bonnet 5 A Column 7 Gas Bag 9 Leg 11 Intermediate Web 13 Guide Device 15 Sliding Block 17 Cable 18 Lock Device 19 Fastening Point 20 Holding Flap 21 Rear Edge of Engine Bonnet 22 Closed Chamber 23 Lower Edge of Windshield
Claims (11)
具備した車両のフロントガラス(1)の外側を膨張状態
において少なくとも部分的に覆う前記歩行者用安全装置
において、 該車両の少なくとも1つのAコラム(5)上に該ガスバ
ッグ(7)のための案内装置(13)を設け、該案内装
置に該ガスバッグ(7)が連結されたことを特徴とす
る、歩行者用安全装置。1. A pedestrian safety device comprising a gas bag (7) which at least partially covers the outside of a windshield (1) of a vehicle equipped with the safety device in an inflated state. In the pedestrian safety device, a guide device (13) for the gas bag (7) is provided on at least one A column (5) of the vehicle, and the gas bag (7) is connected to the guide device. Safety device for pedestrians, characterized by being
ガイドに沿って、前記ガスバッグ(7)の該案内装置
(13)への接続部が展開時移動することを特徴とす
る、安全装置。2. The safety device according to claim 1, wherein the guide device (13) is a linear guide, and the guide device (13) of the gas bag (7) is guided along the linear guide. Safety device, characterized in that the connection part of is moved during deployment.
て、 前記ガスバッグ(7)と該案内装置(13)とは、該ガ
スバッグ(7)が、その膨張時に該ガスバッグの前記案
内装置(13)との接続部と共に自力で該案内装置に沿
って移動するよう、構成したことを特徴とする、安全装
置。3. The safety device according to claim 1, wherein the gas bag (7) and the guide device (13) are the guides for the gas bag (7) when the gas bag (7) is inflated. A safety device, characterized in that it is configured to move along the guide device by itself together with the connection part with the device (13).
装置において、 接続要素が前記ガスバッグ(7)上に配置され、該要素
が前記案内装置(13)内で変移自在に締結され、かつ
該要素が、該ガスバッグ(7)の該案内装置(13)と
の接続部を形成することを特徴とする、安全装置。4. The safety device according to claim 1, wherein a connecting element is arranged on the gas bag (7) and the element is displaceably fastened in the guiding device (13). And a safety device, characterized in that the element forms the connection of the gas bag (7) with the guiding device (13).
バンド又はケーブルが、前記案内装置(13)内を変移
自在の摺動ブロック(15)と接続されていることを特
徴とする、安全装置。5. Safety device according to claim 4, wherein the connecting element is a band or cable (17), which band or cable is displaceable in the guide device (13). ) Is connected to the safety device.
装置において、 膨張した前記ガスバッグ(7)を該ガスバッグの最終位
置に固定するためのロック装置を設けたことを特徴とす
る、安全装置。6. The safety device according to claim 1, further comprising a locking device for fixing the inflated gas bag (7) at a final position of the gas bag. ,Safety device.
ガスバッグ(7)の前記案内装置(13)への接続部が
進入し、該機構が該接続部が押し戻されるのを防止する
ことを特徴とする、安全装置。7. The safety device according to claim 6, wherein the locking device is a latching mechanism, and a connecting portion of the gas bag (7) to the guiding device (13) enters the mechanism. A safety device, wherein the mechanism prevents the connection part from being pushed back.
装置において、 膨張時前記ガスバッグ(7)が、エンジンボンネット
(3)と、前記フロントガラス(1)の下縁(23)と
の間から出てきて、該フロントガラス(1)に沿って移
動することを特徴とする、安全装置。8. The safety device according to claim 1, wherein the gas bag (7) when inflated includes an engine bonnet (3) and a lower edge (23) of the windshield (1). A safety device, characterized in that it comes out of the space and moves along the windshield (1).
装置において、 前記案内装置(13)を前記車両の両方のAコラム
(5)に設けたことを特徴とする、安全装置。9. The safety device according to claim 1, wherein the guide device (13) is provided on both A columns (5) of the vehicle.
全装置において、 膨張した前記ガスバッグ(7)がU字形の形状を有し、
関連するAコラム(5)の少なくとも下方部分をそれぞ
れ覆う2つの上向きの脚(9)を備え、かつ前記フロン
トガラス(1)の下縁(23)の領域を覆う中間ウェブ
(11)を備えていることを特徴とする、安全装置。10. The safety device according to claim 1, wherein the inflated gas bag (7) has a U-shape.
With two upward legs (9) respectively covering at least the lower part of the associated A column (5) and with an intermediate web (11) covering the area of the lower edge (23) of said windshield (1) Safety device characterized by being
おいて、 前記ガスバッグ(7)の前記案内装置(13)への接続
部が、該ガスバッグ(7)の前記脚(9)の上部自由端
の領域で行われることを特徴とする、安全装置。11. Safety device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the connection of the gas bag (7) to the guiding device (13) is the upper part of the leg (9) of the gas bag (7). Safety device, characterized in that it is performed in the area of the free end.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE20119579U DE20119579U1 (en) | 2001-12-03 | 2001-12-03 | Pedestrian safety device |
DE20119579.8 | 2001-12-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2003182485A true JP2003182485A (en) | 2003-07-03 |
Family
ID=7964701
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002350714A Pending JP2003182485A (en) | 2001-12-03 | 2002-12-03 | Safety device for pedestrian |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2003182485A (en) |
DE (2) | DE20119579U1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2832966B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005219726A (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2005-08-18 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Glass for vehicle |
CN100340434C (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2007-10-03 | 高田-彼得里公开股份有限公司 | Motor vehicle safety device for protecting pedestrians and cyclists |
DE102008011468A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-04 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., Nishikasugai | Airbag arrangement for protecting pedestrians comprises an airbag containing a vehicle chassis side wall extending downward to a vehicle chassis and a pedestrian side wall which folds upward toward a pedestrian and an inflating unit |
US20220274558A1 (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-09-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicle external airbag |
Families Citing this family (3)
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JP2004338676A (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-12-02 | Takata Corp | Outer surface development type air bag device |
FR2873087B1 (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-09-22 | Univ Pasteur | ACTIVE SAFETY DEVICE COMPRISING A DAMAGING PLATE COVERING THE WINDSHIELD OF A VEHICLE IN THE EVENT OF COLLISION WITH A PIETON |
JP4621119B2 (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2011-01-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Collision protection device |
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- 2002-11-25 DE DE10254936A patent/DE10254936A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-28 FR FR0214955A patent/FR2832966B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-03 JP JP2002350714A patent/JP2003182485A/en active Pending
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JPH07108903A (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1995-04-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | Pillar air bag device |
JPH0826063A (en) * | 1994-07-19 | 1996-01-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Air bag device |
JPH1086786A (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 1998-04-07 | Trw Occupant Restraint Syst Gmbh | Control device for vehicle crew member |
JP2000264146A (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-09-26 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Pedestrian protection device for vehicle |
JP2001063499A (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2001-03-13 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Impact relaxation device for vehicle |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN100340434C (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2007-10-03 | 高田-彼得里公开股份有限公司 | Motor vehicle safety device for protecting pedestrians and cyclists |
JP2005219726A (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2005-08-18 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Glass for vehicle |
JP4644440B2 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2011-03-02 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Glass for vehicles |
DE102008011468A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-04 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., Nishikasugai | Airbag arrangement for protecting pedestrians comprises an airbag containing a vehicle chassis side wall extending downward to a vehicle chassis and a pedestrian side wall which folds upward toward a pedestrian and an inflating unit |
US20220274558A1 (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-09-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicle external airbag |
US11491950B2 (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-11-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicle external airbag |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10254936A1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
DE20119579U1 (en) | 2002-05-29 |
FR2832966B1 (en) | 2005-02-18 |
FR2832966A1 (en) | 2003-06-06 |
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