JP2003181211A - Solid-liquid separating method and solid-liquid separation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid-liquid separating method and a solid-liquid separation apparatus for separating a solid-liquid mixture like excreta of a farm animal into a solid (the solid content) and a liquid (the liquid content) without using electrical energy to be supplied from the outside of a plant as a power source. <P>SOLUTION: The solid-liquid mixture (12) (for example, excreta of the farm animal such as a cow) transported by a transportation means (for example, a truck 10) is thrown in a storage means (a cylinder 14, a chamber or the like). The mixture (12) stored in the means (14) is compressed by a compression means (a piston 15, a press or the like). The liquid (12L) bled from the mixture (12) when compressed and the remaining solid content (12c) are separated by a filtration means (a mesh 16 or the like). The compression above-mentioned is carried out by transmitting the gravity of the transportation means (for example, the truck 10) to the compression means (15) via a power transmission mechanism (links 24, 25, a lever, a fluid pressure circuit or the like) as driving force. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for separating a solid-liquid mixture (for example, excrement of livestock etc.) into a solid and a liquid. More specifically, a solid-liquid mixture such as, for example, manure of livestock or other animals, can be used as a liquid (for example, urine of livestock) and a solid (for example, residue after squeezing urine) at the lowest possible cost. ) And the technology of separating into.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art How to treat excrement of livestock such as cows has been a subject of great attention from the viewpoint of environmental protection. This is because when the excrement of livestock such as cattle is discharged to the ground, it results in contaminating groundwater, and when it flows into rivers and lakes along with rainwater, it causes a problem of eutrophication of water bodies.

In recent years, there has been proposed a technique for treating such manure in a bioplant. An example of such a bioplant is shown in FIG. In a bioplant such as that shown in Fig. 1, dairy farms carry in manure of livestock (comprising solid and liquid components),
Solid-liquid separation is performed in a bioplant.

From the separated liquid, the so-called "biogas"
Occurs, and the treated liquid (so-called "digestive liquid") after biogas generation is subjected to sterilization treatment and other necessary treatments,
It is reused as liquid fertilizer by livestock farmers. Moreover, the separated solid component is reused as compost. The bioplant is currently highly expected as a typical technology for a recycling society.

However, in the solid-liquid separation (in a bioplant) of livestock excrement composed of a solid content and a liquid part, in the current technology, electric energy supplied from outside the plant (for example, commercial power source) is used as a power source. As a source, the manure must be squeezed by mechanical means, thereby separating into solid and liquid components. Externally supplying energy to solid-liquid separation operations is incompatible with the direction of bioplants that are oriented towards a recycling society.

[0006] The use of electric energy supplied from outside the plant such as a commercial power source as a power source is also contrary to the "zero emission" which is a keyword in the recycling society.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is possible to eliminate livestock manure without using electric energy supplied from outside the plant as a power source. An object of the present invention is to provide a solid-liquid separation method and apparatus capable of separating a solid-liquid mixture into a solid (solid content) and a liquid (liquid content).
It also intends to build a zero-emission system that aims for a recycling-based society.

[0008]

According to the solid-liquid separation method of the present invention, a solid-liquid mixture (for example, excrement 12 of livestock such as cattle) conveyed by a conveying means (for example, a freight vehicle 10) is stored in a means (cylinder 14). , Chamber, etc.),
A step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture (12) stored in the storage means (14) by a compression means (piston 15, a press, etc.), and a liquid (12L) discharged from the solid-liquid mixture (12) in the compression step. And a step of separating the remaining solid content (12C) by a filtering means (mesh 16 or the like). In the compression step, the gravity of the conveying means (for example, the freight vehicle 10) is transferred to the power transmission mechanism (link 24, 25, lever, fluid pressure circuit, etc.) is transmitted to the compression means (15) as a driving force (claim 1).

Further, the solid-liquid separation device (Z) of the present invention is a storage means (cylinder 14, chamber, etc.) for storing a solid-liquid mixture (for example, excrement 12 of livestock such as cattle), and the storage means (14). ), A compression means (piston 15, press, etc.) for compressing the solid-liquid mixture (12) stored in
From the solid-liquid mixture (12) compressed with 5) to the liquid (12
A filtering means (mesh 16 or the like) for passing only L),
A power transmission mechanism (links 24, 25, lever, fluid) configured to transmit the gravity of a transportation means (for example, a freight vehicle 10) for transporting the solid-liquid mixture (12) as a driving force of the compression means (15). And a pressure circuit 19 and the like) (claim 4).

According to the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus (Z) of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, a solid-liquid mixture (12) such as livestock excreta is separated into a solid content (12C) and a liquid (12L). In doing so, the only energy supplied from the outside is the gravitational energy of the transportation means such as the truck (10).
Therefore, it is not necessary to supply the energy spent for solid-liquid separation from outside the bioplant (outside the system), and the bioplant is in good agreement with the form of a recycling society.

Further, there is no need to use mechanical means supplied with electric energy from outside the system, and zero emission can be realized for solid-liquid separation.

Furthermore, when performing the operation of separating manure into a solid content and a liquid content (solid-liquid separation operation), the energy supplied from the outside such as a commercial power source is not required, so that the bioplant (biogas) The operating cost of the generating mechanism or the manure processing mechanism B) is reduced by that amount, and the operating efficiency is improved.

The solid-liquid separation method described above has a step of discharging the solid content (12C) after the liquid (12L) is compressed by the compression means (15) by the solid content discharge means (16B). Preferably (claim 2).

Further, the solid-liquid separation device (Z) has a solid content discharging means (16B) for discharging the solid content (12C) which has been compressed and from which the liquid (12L) has been removed. The discharging means (16B) is also preferably configured so that the gravity of the conveying means (for example, the freight vehicle 10) that conveys the solid-liquid mixture (12) can be used as a driving force (claim 5).

When such a configuration is adopted, the process of discharging the solid content is also supplied from the outside (such as a commercial power source) by utilizing the gravity of the carrier means (for example, the freight vehicle 10) as a driving force. Without using energy
It can be realized in a zero emission type system.

Further, in the above solid-liquid separation method, the compression means (15) is provided at a stage before the step of introducing the solid-liquid mixture (12) into the storage means (14) after the compression step is performed. It is preferred that the step of returning to the position before compression is performed (claim 3).

In the solid-liquid separation device (Z), the compression means (15) is preferably constructed so as to return to the position before compression after compressing the solid-liquid mixture (12) ( Claim 4).

By adopting such a constitution, a solid-liquid mixture such as excrement of livestock can be separated into solid (solid) and liquid (liquid) by intermittent batch processing.

The solid-liquid separation method and apparatus of the present invention can be suitably combined with the liquid concentration method and apparatus described below.

Such a liquid concentrating method can be carried out, for example, by passing through a region (2) into which cold heat is input from a liquid (eg digestive liquid after methane fermentation of livestock excrement) storage liquid (1). The process of supplying the liquid to be concentrated to the freezing piping system (4) returning to the storage facility (3) and the liquid to be concentrated in the freezing piping system (4) were passed through at low speed and introduced from the outside air. The step of freezing the water in the liquid by cold heat, the step of flowing the liquid in which the water is frozen and concentrated into the concentrated liquid storage facility (3), and the water frozen in the freezing piping system (4) ( The liquid storage facility 1, the freezing piping system 4, and the concentrated liquid storage facility 3) are discharged to the outside.

The liquid concentrator (A) is, for example, a liquid storage facility (1) for storing a liquid (for example, digested liquid after methane fermentation of livestock manure) and a concentrated liquid. Liquid storage facility (3) for cooling, and a freezing piping system (4) communicating with the concentrated liquid storage facility (3) through an area (2) where cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility (1)
And the piping system for freezing due to the cold heat input from the outside air (4)
The concentrated liquid flow mechanism configured to forcibly flow the concentrated liquid into the concentrated liquid storage facility (3) when the water freezes inside, and the water frozen in the freezing pipe (4) And a water discharge mechanism for discharging the water.

If the solution is frozen over a relatively long period of time,
At first, there is a phenomenon that only the water freezes and the solution concentration of the liquid phase becomes thick. The liquid concentrating method and device preferably combined with the present invention is based on such a phenomenon. That is, the water in the liquid to be concentrated (for example, the digested liquid after the methane fermentation of livestock manure) is frozen by the cold heat input from the outside air and is exposed to the outside air of the freezing piping system (4). Ice accretion (5) on the area (2) near the tube wall (4a)
To do. As a result of freezing of water and icing (5) on the portion near the tube wall (4a), the water content of the liquid to be concentrated is reduced. As a result, the concentration of the liquid stored in the liquid storage facility (1) is increased and concentrated. Then, it becomes possible to receive a larger amount of liquid (to be concentrated) as compared with before concentration.

According to the above-described liquid concentrating method and apparatus, only the cold heat supplied from the outside air is used for freezing the water, so various kinds of energy (electrical energy,
The cost required for freezing is significantly reduced compared to conventional cooling techniques that require the input of mechanical power, heat energy). Therefore, the cost required for concentration can be kept extremely low. Then, it is possible to reduce the cost in the bioplant (biogas generating mechanism, manure processing mechanism) (B) and contribute to improving efficiency.

Therefore, the above liquid concentrating method and apparatus are
It is preferably carried out in cold climates, so that the water contained in the solution to be concentrated is effectively frozen. In other words, in cold regions in winter, the required cold heat can be obtained from the outside air inexhaustibly.

In the above liquid concentrating method, a plurality of freezing pipes (4-1, 4-n) are arranged in parallel in the region (2) into which the cold heat of the freezing pipe system (4) is input. And while any one of the freezing pipes is performing the above-described step of discharging water to the outside of the liquid storage facility (1),
In the other piping for freezing, the step of supplying the liquid to be concentrated, the step of freezing the water, and the step of flowing the concentrated liquid into the concentrated liquid storage facility (3) are executed. Is preferred.

In the liquid concentrator (A) described above, a plurality of freezing pipes (4-1, 4-n) are provided in the region (2) into which the cold heat of the freezing pipe system (4) is input. The plurality of freezing pipes (4-1, 4) are arranged in parallel.
-A liquid to be selectively concentrated in any of (n) (eg
It is preferable to have a distribution mechanism (for example, valve V or the like) that supplies digestive fluid).

A plurality of freezing pipes (4--) are provided in a region of the freezing pipe system (4) into which cold heat is applied (region 2 exposed to the outside air).
By arranging 1, 4-n) in parallel and configuring the processes executed by the respective pipes differently, the concentration of the solution (L) can be continuously processed instead of batch processing. Because it will be.

In the region (2) into which the cold heat of the freezing pipe system (4) is input, only one freezing pipe is provided,
It is also possible to freeze-concentrate the liquid (L) in a batch process.

In the liquid concentrator (A), the region of the freezing piping system (4) to which the cold heat is applied may be the region (2) exposed to the outside air, or the outside heat is supplied. It may be the internal space (C-1) of the building (C) (other than the liquid storage facility) configured as described above. Here, when the area (2) into which the cold heat of the freezing piping system (4) is input is the internal space (C-1) of the building (C), the internal space (C-1) is entered. It is preferable to provide an outside airflow inlet (6) which is configured to be able to adjust the outside air inflow amount.

Here, a refrigerant (brine) flows between the region (C-1) into which the cold heat of the freezing piping system (4) is input and the region (2) into which the cold heat is supplied from the outside air. A circulation system (7) is interposed, and the refrigerant circulation system (7) is
A first heat exchanger (heat pump, radiator 7a) to which cold heat is supplied from the outside air, and a second heat exchanger (for example, double pipe 7d: inside, where cold heat is supplied from a refrigerant (brine) to a liquid to be concentrated. The liquid to be concentrated flows through the tube and the refrigerant flows through the outer tube). According to this structure, the liquid to be concentrated and the refrigerant exchange heat between the liquid phases in the second heat exchanger (7d). The heat exchange between the liquid phases is more efficient than the heat exchange between the liquid phase and the gas phase (when cold heat is input from the outside air to the liquid flowing through the freezing pipe exposed to the outside air). Since it is much higher, cold heat is efficiently applied to the liquid to be concentrated, and water is efficiently frozen.

Then, the freezing piping system (4, 4-1)
1, 4-12) a conductor wire (8) is arranged in the central portion in the radial direction of the region into which the cold heat is applied, and electric field generating means (9) for adding electric charge to the conductor wire (8) is provided. Is preferred. When the liquid does not contain an electrolyte, the freezing rate is controlled to control the tube wall (4 in FIGS. 16 and 17).
a) Almost no liquid solute is contained in the water (ice accretion layer 5) frozen in the vicinity. On the other hand, when the liquid contains an electrolyte, it is known that the solute of the liquid is taken in by the frozen water (the icing layer 5) near the tube wall (4-1a, 4-2a). There is. In such a case, if a charge is applied to the conducting wire (8) arranged at the center (radial center) of the freezing piping system (4-1, 4-2) to generate an electric field, the solution (L The solute, that is, the electrolyte, is attracted by the electric field and is biased to the center of the freezing piping system (4-1, 4-2). As a result, the solute is
a) It is prevented from being taken into the icing layer 5 in the vicinity.

The cooling fins (4c, 4Aa, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4, 4Aa, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4Aa, 4Aa, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4) are provided in the region of the freezing pipe system (4, 4A, 4B) where the cold heat is supplied in order to efficiently supply the cold heat.
It is preferable to provide Ba).

[0033]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, a bioplant denoted by reference numeral B is a receiving facility 100, a methane fermentation tank 101, a liquid concentrator A, a sun drying facility 102, a compost fermentation facility 103, and a completed compost house 104.
And other incidental facilities (for example, the machinery / equipment storage 105) and the like.

The manure of livestock transported by the dump truck 10 or the tank truck is put into the receiving facility 100,
The solid-liquid separation device of the present invention separates a solid content (solid) and a liquid content (liquid). The separated liquid is introduced into the methane fermentation tank 101 by a pipeline (not shown), and methane gas is generated in the methane fermentation layer 101. After the methane gas is generated, the liquid is introduced into the digestive liquid storage tank 1 through a pipeline (not shown). on the other hand,
The separated solids have more water removed by the sun drying facility 102, and the solid fertilizer 10
In the compost fermentation facility 103, the solid content is fermented and cultivated into compost.

FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows a solid-liquid separation device using a hydraulic system. In FIG. 2, a solid-liquid separation apparatus indicated by reference numeral Z is a storage means (hereinafter referred to as a cylinder) 14 for storing a solid-liquid mixture (for example, excrement of livestock such as cattle) 14 and a storage in the cylinder 14. A compression means (hereinafter, referred to as a first piston) 15 for compressing the solid-liquid mixture 12 thus compressed, and a liquid 12L from the solid-liquid mixture 12 compressed by the first piston 15.
Filtration means for passing only (hereinafter referred to as mesh) 1
6 and a fluid pressure circuit 19 configured to be able to transmit the gravity of a transportation means (freight vehicle: hereinafter referred to as a truck) 10 that transports the solid-liquid mixture 12 as a driving force of the piston 15. There is.

The inner wall surface of the cylinder 14 is
In the middle of the stroke (stroke) of the piston 15, the hopper 13 for introducing the solid-liquid mixture 12 is in communication,
The first piston 15 is connected to the second piston 18 at the upper end via the first piston rod R1. Second
The piston 18 slides in the second cylinder 17, and the second cylinder 17 communicates with the third cylinder 20 via the fluid circuit 19.

A third piston 21 slides inside the third cylinder 20, and the third piston 21 is connected via a second piston rod R2 to a mass pedestal 22 on which the truck 10 is mounted. ing.

According to the solid-liquid separation device Z having such a structure, after the truck 10 puts the solid-liquid mixture 12 into the hopper 13, on the way back, for example, the compost produced by the bioplant B as described later, or The compost is loaded and placed on the mass pedestal 22. Then, the third cylinder 20 descends due to the mass of the track 10, the pressure of the fluid propagates through the fluid circuit 19, and the first piston 15 connected to the second piston also descends, and the injected solid-liquid mixture is injected. 12 between the mesh 16 and the liquid portion 1
2L is discharged by the liquid discharge line PL.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the movement track of the track 10 in the first embodiment of FIG. Track 1 at position D
In 0, the solid-liquid mixture 12 is put into the hopper 13, the compost is loaded at the M position, the process proceeds to the E position, and the mass pedestal 22 is loaded. When the knob (not shown) attached to the mass cradle is turned off while being placed on the mass cradle 22, the truck 1
The mass pedestal 22 on which 0 is placed descends as shown in FIG. 4 (a vertical sectional view taken along the point E in FIG. 3).

As shown in FIG. 4, there is a height difference (the F position is high) before and after the mass cradle 22 in FIG. 3, that is, in the F position and the G position, and the first piston is fixed by an unillustrated indicator. When the driver confirms that the liquid mixture 12 has been compressed (lowered), the truck 10 descends to the point G side,
Go home.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In addition to the hydraulic system in the solid-liquid separation device, the "lever principle" is used. From the second piston 18 of FIG. 2, up to the second piston rod R2 including the hydraulic circuit 19 is engaged with the first link including the first fulcrum 23 and the end of the first link 24. Second including the second fulcrum
It has been replaced with the links and.

According to the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, since the operating energy required for solid-liquid separation can be obtained by utilizing the potential energy of the truck as the loading / unloading means, a commercial power source can be obtained. There is no need to purchase energy from other sources.

Next, details of the separation mechanism (filtration mechanism) in the first and second embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 11. FIG. 6 shows the entire structure of the separation mechanism, that is, the solid-liquid separation device Z, and shows the bottom portion of the cylinder 14 in more detail as compared with FIG. 2 described above. The part different from FIG. 2 will be described.

An expanded diameter portion 140A is provided at the lower portion of the cylinder 140.
And the lower end of the expanded diameter portion 140A has a liquid discharge port 1
40L and the solid content discharge port 140C are formed to extend obliquely downward so as to be separated from each other, and a solid content carry-out box 144 is formed at the tip of the solid content discharge port. At the branch point of the liquid discharge port 140L and the solid content discharge port 140C, the carry-out material is carried out at the discharge port 140L and the solid content discharge port 140C.
, A butterfly type baffle plate 16B that can be selectively switched to is pivotally mounted. Further, in the space of the expanded diameter portion 140A below the cylinder 140, a stretchable rubber screen 142 is provided so as to hang down in an unintended direction (left and right direction in FIG. 6) so that liquid does not leak. There is.

On the other hand, the mesh 1 in the cylinder 140
6A is also a butterfly type and is rotatably attached to the cylinder 140. Therefore, when the mesh 16A is rotated, the solid 12C remaining above the mesh 16A (residue obtained by compressing the solid-liquid mixture 12) is below the baffle plate 16B.
It is designed to fall on top.

The solid-liquid separation process will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 7, the solid-liquid mixture 12 is compressed by the first piston 15, and the liquid 12L becomes the mesh 1
Drop from 6 onto the top of the baffle. At that time, the baffle plate 16B is lowered to the right in the drawing so that the flow path communicates with the liquid discharge port 140L. Therefore, the liquid 12L flows into the liquid outlet.

After discharging the liquid 12L to the liquid discharge port 140L, in FIG. 8, the rotation direction of the baffle plate 16B is switched so that the left side is downward.

Thereafter, referring to FIG. 9, the baffle plate 16B
In the state where the left side is turned downward, the mesh 16A is rotated, the individual 12C is dropped onto the baffle plate 16B, and the solid content discharge box 140C is driven by the momentum of the drop as it is through the solid content discharge port 140C. It is discharged to 144. In addition, as described above, it is desirable that the solid content carrying-out box 144 be carried out by using the weight of the truck to the outside, for example, by means not shown.

FIGS. 10 and 11 exemplify a mesh. In FIG. 9, a flat mesh is used, and in FIG. 11, the center has a downward convex spherical surface shape. The stress applied to the mesh can be made uniform by the Pascal principle.

A third embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS.
An embodiment will be described. The third embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in the structure of the compression means. That is, after compressing the manure, a mechanism for returning the compression means to the original position (position before compression) is attached.

In FIG. 12, the solid-liquid separation apparatus indicated by reference numeral ZA is a solid-liquid separation unit, and the press machine 30 is
A male tooth 31 having a wavy profile, a female tooth 32 having the same wavy shape as the male tooth 31, and the male tooth 31
And a solid-liquid mixture receiving member 33 having a shape that fills a gap formed when the female teeth 32 are separated by a predetermined amount.

The male tooth 31 is fixed to the ground, and the female tooth 32 is connected to a piston 35 sliding in a cylinder 34 via a connecting rod 36. The cylinder 34 moves the right chamber 3 by the piston 35.
4a and the left ventricle 34b.

On the other hand, the solid-liquid mixture 12 is transferred to the solid-liquid separator ZA.
In the course of the truck 10 after being put into the vehicle, a boot A, a boot B, and a boot C are arranged in the order of track progress. A hydraulic device (cylinder and piston) as shown in FIG. 2, for example, is embedded in the underground portion of each of the boots so that the truck 10 operates when the truck 10 is mounted on the boots. The boot A communicates with the right chamber 34a of the cylinder 34 by a circuit La. The booth B communicates with the left chamber 34b of the cylinder 34 by a circuit Lb. The booth C communicates with a cylinder portion of an assembly of a piston and a cylinder (not shown) that operates in the up-down direction of the receiving member 33 (the front-back direction of the paper) by a circuit Lc.

Both or one of the two male teeth 31 and / or the female teeth 32 facing each other as described above is composed of a mesh 32a as shown in FIG.
The solid-liquid mixture (feces and urine) (not shown) between the two is crushed between them, and the liquid component 12L passes through the mesh 32a forming the teeth and is pushed out to the side. 2 teeth 3
The solid content 12C after being crushed by 1, 32 is pushed out from the lower side and discharged. Some water remains in the solid content 12C after being crushed, and the solid content 12C is sent to the sun drying facility 102 to facilitate further fermentation.

According to the solid-liquid separation device ZA having such a configuration, the potential energy of the truck 10 can be used as it is for the energy required for the solid-liquid separation, and no energy cost is generated.

FIG. 14 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, the same compression means as in FIG. 13 is used, but the mechanism for transmitting the weight of the truck 10 (the gear mechanism is adopted) is the mechanism shown in FIG. Hydraulic circuit).

The solid-liquid separation device ZA is arranged at the center of the booth A and the booth B and above the drawing. In the boot A, there is a rack 45A that descends toward the back surface of the paper when the truck 10 is placed, and the pinion 39A meshed with the rack 45A rotates in the YA arrow direction to move the pinion 39A.
The rotary shaft 38 to which is fixed is simultaneously rotated. The rotating shaft 3
A central pinion 39 is fixed to the center of 8 and rotates in the same direction as the rotating shaft 38. When the pinion 39A and the central pinion 39 rotate in the YA arrow direction, the rack shaft 37 meshed with the central pinion 39 and connected to the female shaped portion 32 moves in the Ya arrow direction, and the female shaped portion 32 moves. It is pushed toward the male part 31.

A pinion 39B is provided at the right end of the rotary shaft 38.
Is stuck. There is a rack 45B on the booth B that descends toward the back surface of the paper when the truck 10 is loaded. The rack 45B is engaged with the pinion 39B, and the truck 10 moves to be loaded on the booth B. When the rack 45B descends and the pinion 39B rotates in the YB arrow direction, the rotary shaft 38 to which the pinion 39B is fixed also rotates. Therefore, the central pinion 39 also rotates in the same direction,
As a result, the rack shaft 37 moves in the Yb arrow direction and operates so as to separate the female portion 32 from the male portion 31.

In the boot C, there is a rack 55 that descends toward the back side of the paper when the track 10 is placed.
Engages with a pinion 54 pivotally supported at one end of the rotary shaft 53. A bevel gear 52 is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft 53, and the bevel gear 52 is a second bevel gear 51 fixed to an end portion of a second rotating shaft 50 orthogonal to the rotating shaft 53. And the rotational force of the rotary shaft 53 is transmitted to the second rotary shaft 50.

The other end of the second rotating shaft 50, that is, the receiving member 33 side is engaged with a cam mechanism (not shown), and
The rotation of the rotary shaft 50 causes the receiving member 33 to move up and down in the front-back direction of the paper. The operation and effect are substantially the same as those of the third embodiment of the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus shown in FIG. 12 described above.

Next, a liquid concentrating method and apparatus that can be suitably combined with the above-described solid-liquid separating method and apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Here, the liquid concentrator A is a digestive juice storage tank (hereinafter referred to as a digestive juice tank) 1 which is a liquid storage facility.
And concentrated liquid storage facility (hereinafter referred to as concentrated liquid fertilizer tank)
3 and a freezing piping system 4. Here, the piping system 4 for freezing connects the digestive juice tank 1 and the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3, and the liquid to be concentrated that flows through the pipe by being exposed to cold outside air in the winter (the digestive juice in the example shown in the figure is used. By icing the water of (1) on the pipe wall, the concentration of the digestive liquid is increased and the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 is pressure-fed to the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 by, for example, a pump which is not shown.

Since the volume of the concentrated digestive juice stored in the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 is reduced by that amount, it is sufficient even when the liquid fertilizer is not consumed for a long period of time, such as in a snowy season in cold regions. It can be stored in.

The first aspect of the liquid concentrating method and apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the liquid concentrator A section of FIG. 1 in more detail. Liquid concentrator A
The installation position 2 of the section is a place with good ventilation, the freezing piping system 4 is exposed to air, and cold heat is applied to the solid-liquid mixture flowing through the piping by the outside air.

The freezing piping system 4 is composed of a plurality of freezing pipings 4-1 to 4-n (n = 2 in the drawing because there are two pipings), which are connected in parallel. A pair of open / close valves V are provided at the ends of the freezing pipes 4-1 to 4-n.
1, V1: V2, V2 are interposed.

If water freezes on the inner walls of the freezing pipes 4-1 to 4-n by the method and mechanism described later, by closing the on-off valve V1 of any pipe (for example, 4-1), for example, On-off valves V1 and V1 (not shown) of piping
The inside of each other is removable, and the freezing pipe 4-1
By removing this, the water (ice) icing on the pipe wall of the pipe 4-1 can be removed (deiced). Of course, the pipes 4-1 to 4-
It is also possible to provide an ice accretion removing mechanism in n so that the pipe is not detached. For example, a heating means (not shown) for heating the pipe wall may be provided, the icing ice may be melted by the heating means, and the moisture may be discharged from a moisture discharge port (not shown). On the other hand, since the other pipe 4-2 is still connected to the freezing pipe system so as to be able to communicate with each other, a digestive liquid (concentrated liquid) having a high concentration can be continuously obtained.

FIG. 16 shows the first embodiment in which the concentrated liquid L is forcibly entrained by the movement of bubbles H to bring the concentrated liquid rich in chemical components distributed on the icing interface to store the concentrated liquid. The state where it flows into the facility 3 is shown. In the figure, reference numerals 4a and 5 respectively indicate a pipe wall of the freezing pipe system and ice that has iced on the pipe wall.

FIG. 17 shows another embodiment of the mechanism for forcibly flowing the concentrated liquid L into the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 in the first mode. A pump (not shown) is provided on the digestive liquid tank 1 side of FIG. In the stage where freezing and concentration are sufficiently carried out, pressure is applied by a pump to forcefully flow into the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 side.

According to a first aspect of such a configuration and method,
Since the digestive juice in the solid-liquid boundary layer (icing interface) has a very high concentration, the digestive juice in this part (highly concentrated digestive juice) is shown in FIG.
By the bubbles H as shown in FIG. 7 and the forced flow J as shown in FIG. 17, it is possible to prevent liquid fertilizer other than water from mixing into the ice formation part.

With reference to FIG. 18, a second embodiment of a liquid (eg digestive juice) concentrating method and apparatus which can be preferably combined with the present invention will be described. In the second aspect, when the tube is exposed as in the first aspect (only the tube is directly exposed to the outside air), there is a problem in concentration due to overcooling, or if the tube is covered with snow. The thermal conductivity of the outside cold heat may be reduced, and it is intended to make a hut (build a building) and to perform efficient cooling in order to avoid such a defect.

In FIG. 18, the cooling pipe groups 41 to 44, which are regions into which the cold heat of the freezing piping system 4 is input, are indoors C-1 of the building C set up on the premises having the liquid concentrating device A.
It is located in. On one wall surface of the building C, there is provided an outside airflow inlet 6 which is a mechanism for adjusting the air volume having a variable louver 6a for preventing overcooling. In FIG. 18, reference numeral K is configured to supply heat from the bioplant B to heat the entire room C-1 in order to deice the ice 5 that has accumulated in the cooling pipes 41 to 44. It was done. Incidentally, reference numeral 6b in FIG.
Is a fan for exhausting indoor air.

With such a configuration, the cooling pipe 41
~ 44 1m of ice adhering to the inner surface (inward in the radial direction)
If m also melts, the ice can be removed. Ice cooling tubes 41-4
As the means for discharging from 4, a known / commercial one may be applied.

The third aspect of the liquid concentrating method and apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. Similar to the second aspect, the third aspect is intended to avoid the inconvenience caused when the external air is concentrated by supercooling.

In FIG. 19, a radiator having a cooling fan 7b, which is a first heat exchanger into which cold heat is input from the outside air, is placed outside the building C standing on the premises having the liquid concentrator A. 7 is installed, while indoor C-1
Is composed of a double pipe in which the digestive liquid to be removed by icing passes through the water in the inner pipe (which may be the frozen pipe system 4 itself) and the refrigerant flows in the outer pipe. Second heat exchanger 7
d, the cold storage heat tank 7e, and the circulation pump 7f are installed.

These units are connected by a piping system 7p, and a circulation system 7 through which a refrigerant (brine: antifreeze liquid) flows.
Are configured. In addition, a bypass circuit 71 in which a third heat exchanger 7c is interposed in the piping system 7 on the inlet / outlet side of the double pipe.
May be provided, and the refrigerant may be cooled or heated (when supercooling occurs).

According to the third aspect of FIG. 19 having such a configuration, the region (double pipe 7d) of the frozen piping system 4 into which the cold heat is input is arranged in the building C, and further, Since liquid-liquid heat exchange is performed by a refrigerant (brine: antifreeze), both cold heat and heating can be performed using brine, and the concentration of digestive juice can be efficiently increased.
That is, for gas-liquid heat exchange (when the tube is exposed to the outside air to put cold heat into the digestive juice in the tube), liquid-liquid heat exchange (inside the double tube This is because the digestion liquid and the cooled brine are circulated to the outside and liquid-liquid heat exchange is performed via the partition wall of the double pipe 7d) because the heat exchange efficiency is better on the order of several times.

The cold heat storage tank 7e functions not only as a brine buffer tank but also as a heat storage tank. The third heat exchanger 7c is provided as an auxiliary cooling / heating system, and is preferably used properly depending on how the ice grows.

The fourth mode will be described with reference to FIGS. When the liquid (digestive liquid) does not contain the electrolyte, the solute of the liquid is difficult to be taken into the ice accretion layer near the pipe wall of the cooling pipe. However, when the liquid (digestive fluid) contains an electrolyte, the electrolyte is taken into the icing layer,
Freeze concentration according to the invention is difficult. In order to prevent such a situation, in the fourth mode of FIGS. 20 to 22, an electric field is generated at the center of the freezing pipe to prevent the solute of the liquid from being taken into the icing layer near the pipe wall. To prevent. In FIG. 20, the piping system 4 for freezing is the piping 4F on the digestive liquid tank side.
And a branch pipe 4D composed of a first branch pipe 4-11 and a second branch pipe 4-12. The branch pipe 4D runs in parallel at a fixed distance from the branch portion 4Da. Is formed. After running side by side for a certain distance, each of the branch pipes 4-11 and 4-12 (in the drawing, bent at right angles,
Are bent again at a right angle in a U-shape) are formed so as to join.

A conducting wire 8 is inserted in the central portion of the horizontal portion of the U-shape in the drawing, and the positive (+) electrodes 9a and 9a are provided at both ends of the horizontal portion in the first branch pipe 4-11. Both connected electrodes are connected to an electric field generating means (for example, a capacitor) 9 by a circuit 9w. On the other hand, the second branch pipe 4-
In FIG. 12, the negative (−) electrodes 9b and 9b are connected to each other, and both electrodes are connected to the electric field generating means (for example, capacitor) 9 by the circuit 9w.
It is connected to the.

Further, as shown in detail in FIG. 21, the digestion liquid tank side pipe 4F including the portion I in FIG. 20, that is, the branch portion 4Da, has a positive (+) electrode 90a on the pipe wall on the right side of the drawing. But,
Negative (-) electrodes 90b are attached to the left tube wall, and are connected to the capacitors 9 by means not shown. The branch point 4Da is a so-called "separator", and is formed so as to be sharp and to minimize the resistance of the fluid due to the direction change at the time of branching.

FIG. 22 is a view of the XX cross section of FIG. 21 as seen in the direction of arrow W, and the broken lines indicate the electrodes 90a and 90b.
It is the figure which looked at through.

According to the fourth mode shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the positive (+) provided on the right wall of the pipe 4F on the digestive juice tank side.
The electrolyte charged with negative (-) ions flows into the first branch pipe 4-11 side by the electrode 90a of the negative electrode 90a, and the positive (-) electrode 90b provided on the left wall of the pipe 4F on the digestive liquid tank side positively The electrolyte charged with (+) ions is the second branch pipe 4-1.
It flows into the 2 side. The useful electrolyte portions carrying the respective ions flow into the respective branch pipes, and then are collected in the central portion of the pipes by the force of the electric field generated by the above-mentioned conducting wire 8 and the condenser 9 and flow down to be concentrated. Can be efficiently collected in the liquid tank 3. Then, since the electrolyte is attracted to the electric field in the center of the branch pipe, it is prevented from being taken in by the icing layer on the pipe wall.

A fifth mode of the liquid concentrating method and apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 23 to 25. FIG. 23 shows a structure in which a plurality of fins 4c are formed on the outer circumference of the freezing piping system 4 to increase the surface area of the freezing piping system 4 so that the cold heat of the outside air can be easily taken in to increase the cooling efficiency. The inside of the pipe 4 is shown in FIGS.
Similarly to the fourth aspect of No. 2, the conductor wire 8 is inserted and connected to the electrode 9a at the end.

FIG. 24 shows an example in which a square fin 4Aa having a rounded corner is joined to an annular freezing pipe 4A, and the fluid in the pipe can be cooled uniformly. A conductor 8A is inserted in the center of the tube.

FIG. 25 shows a rectangular fin 4B in which a wide conductor 8B is inserted into a refrigerating pipe 4B using a rectangular pipe having a rectangular cross section so that the width from the outer periphery to the edge of the refrigerating pipe 4B is equal.
This is an example in which a is joined. With such a configuration, the interval between the adjacent refrigerating pipes 4B can be narrowed and a space-saving layout can be achieved.

The illustrated embodiment is merely an example,
It is additionally noted that the description is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention.

The solid-liquid separation method of the present invention can be constructed as follows. That is, the step of introducing the solid-liquid mixture conveyed by the conveying means into the storing means, the step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storing means by the compressing means), and the step of leaving the solid-liquid mixture in the compressing step. A step of separating the liquid and the remaining solid content by a filtering means, and in the compressing step, the gravity of the conveying means is transmitted to the compressing means as a driving force by a power transmission mechanism, and the liquid is separated. In order to concentrate the liquid, the step of supplying the liquid to be concentrated to the freezing piping system that passes through the region where the cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility and communicates with the concentrated liquid storage facility, and the concentration in the freezing piping system Flow the liquid to be passed through and freeze the water in the liquid by the cold heat input from the outside air; flow the liquid that has been condensed due to freezing of the water into the concentrated liquid storage facility; Step of discharging the water frozen in the inner to the outside, and a city.

Alternatively, the step of introducing the solid-liquid mixture conveyed by the conveying means into the storing means, the step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storing means by the compressing means, and the step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture And a step of separating the remaining solid content from the liquid by a filtering means, and in the compression step, the gravity of the transfer means is transmitted to the compression means by a power transmission mechanism as a driving force, and the separation is performed. In order to concentrate the condensed liquid, a step of supplying the liquid to be concentrated to the freezing piping system that passes through the region where cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility and communicates with the concentrated liquid storage facility, and in the freezing piping system A step of flowing the liquid to be concentrated and freezing the water in the liquid by cold heat input from the outside air; a step of freezing the water and flowing the concentrated liquid into the concentrated liquid storage facility; A step of discharging the water frozen in the piping system for the outside to the outside, and a plurality of freezing pipes are arranged in parallel in a region of the freezing piping system where cold heat is input. While the above-mentioned step of discharging water to the outside of the liquid storage facility is being performed by one of the freezing pipes, in the other freezing pipes, a step of supplying the liquid to be concentrated and a step of freezing the water And a step of causing the concentrated liquid to flow into the concentrated liquid storage facility.

The solid-liquid separation device of the present invention can be constructed as follows. That is, storage means for storing the solid-liquid mixture, compression means for compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storage means, filtering means for passing only liquid from the solid-liquid mixture compressed by the compression means, and solid-liquid A liquid storage facility for storing the separated liquid, and a power transmission mechanism configured to transmit the gravity of the conveying means for conveying the mixture as a driving force of the compression means. Liquid storage facility for storing liquid, a freezing piping system that communicates with the concentrated liquid storage facility through an area where cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility, and freezing pipe by cold heat input from the outside air Concentrated liquid flow-through mechanism configured to force the concentrated liquid to flow into the concentrated liquid storage facility when the water freezes in the system, and water discharge to discharge the frozen water in the freezing pipe Mechanism, and It is.

Alternatively, storage means for storing the solid-liquid mixture, compression means for compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storage means, and filtration means for passing only the liquid from the solid-liquid mixture compressed by the compression means. A liquid storage facility for storing the separated liquid, which has a power transmission mechanism configured to transmit the gravity of the transportation means for transporting the solid-liquid mixture as a driving force of the compression means. , The concentrated liquid storage facility for storing the concentrated liquid, the freezing piping system that communicates with the concentrated liquid storage facility through the region where the cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility, and the cold heat input from the outside air Concentrated liquid flow-through mechanism configured to force the concentrated liquid to flow into the concentrated liquid storage facility when water freezes in the freezing pipe system, and drains the frozen water in the freezing pipe Water discharge And a plurality of freezing pipes are arranged in parallel in a region of the freezing pipe system where cold heat is input, and should be selectively concentrated in any of the plurality of freezing pipes. It has a distribution mechanism for supplying liquid.

[0090]

The effects of the present invention are listed below. (A) It becomes unnecessary to supply the energy required for solid-liquid separation from outside the bioplant (outside the system). (B) It is possible to provide a bioplant that closely matches the form of a recycling-based society. (C) It can contribute to the realization of zero emission. (D) Since the energy supplied from the outside (such as a commercial power source) is not necessary, the operating cost of the bioplant is reduced accordingly and the operating efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a bioplant to which the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus of the present invention should be applied.

FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram when a hydraulic system is used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a movement locus of a truck, which is a conveyance means, in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line YY in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram in the case where this principle is used in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing details of the separation mechanism in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a process diagram showing a liquid discharging process of solid-liquid separation by a separation mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a process diagram showing the first half of a solid content discharging process of solid-liquid separation by a separation mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing the latter stage of a solid content discharging process of solid-liquid separation by a separation mechanism. .

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing an example of a mesh of a separating mechanism.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the mesh of the separating mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a compression unit of the third embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a liquid concentrating method and apparatus that can be preferably combined with the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing an example of a mechanism for forcibly flowing the concentrated liquid into the concentrated liquid storage facility in the first aspect.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the mechanism for forcibly flowing the concentrated liquid into the concentrated liquid storage facility in the first aspect.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of a liquid concentrating method and device that can be preferably combined with the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of a liquid concentrating method and apparatus that can be preferably combined with the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of a liquid concentrating method and device which can be preferably combined with the present invention.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of part G in FIG.

22 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view showing a partial configuration in a fifth aspect of a liquid concentrating method and device that can be preferably combined with the present invention.

24 is a vertical cross-sectional view including an example of the fin portion of FIG.

25 is a vertical cross-sectional view including another example of the fin portion of FIG. 23.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Digestive fluid storage tank 10 ... Truck 12 ... Solid-liquid mixture 14 ... Cylinder 15 ... Piston 16 ... mesh 16B: Solid content discharging means 19 ... Hydraulic circuit 24, 26 ... Link A: Liquid concentrator B ... Bioplant ZA ... Solid-liquid separator

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] January 17, 2002 (2002.1.1
7)

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Document name] Statement

Title: Solid-liquid separation method and device

[Claims]

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for separating a solid-liquid mixture (for example, excrement of livestock etc.) into a solid and a liquid. More specifically, a solid-liquid mixture, such as livestock or other animal manure, is produced at the lowest possible cost, liquid (eg urine from livestock etc.) and solid (eg remnants after squeezing urine). Regarding the technology to separate into and.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art How to treat excrement of livestock such as cattle has been a subject of great attention from the viewpoint of environmental protection. This is because when the excrement of livestock such as cattle is discharged to the ground, it results in contaminating groundwater, and when it flows into rivers and lakes along with rainwater, it causes a problem of eutrophication of water bodies.

In recent years, there has been proposed a technique for treating such manure by utilizing it in a bioplant. An example of such a bioplant is shown in FIG. In a bioplant such as that shown in FIG. 1, manure (made up of solid and liquid components) of livestock bred by a dairy farmer, etc. is carried in and solid-liquid separation is performed in the bioplant.

So-called "biogas" is generated from the separated liquid, and the treated liquid (so-called "digestion liquid") after generation of biogas (so-called "digestion liquid") undergoes sterilization treatment and other necessary treatments to produce liquid fertilizer. It is reused by livestock farmers. Further, the separated solid component is reused as compost. The bioplant is currently highly expected as a typical technology for a recycling society.

However, in the solid-liquid separation (in a bioplant) of livestock excrement composed of a solid content and a liquid part, in the current technology, electric energy supplied from outside the plant (for example, commercial power source) is used as a power source. As a source, there is no choice but to squeeze manure by mechanical means and thereby separate it into a solid content and a liquid content. Externally supplying energy to solid-liquid separation operations is incompatible with the direction of bioplants that are oriented towards a recycling society.

The use of electric energy supplied from outside the plant such as a commercial power source as a power source is also contrary to the "zero emission" which is a keyword in the recycling society.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is possible to eliminate livestock excrement without using electric energy supplied from outside the plant as a power source. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solid-liquid separation method and apparatus capable of separating a solid-liquid mixture into a solid (solid content) and a liquid (liquid content). It also intends to build a zero-emission system that aims for a recycling-based society.

[0008]

According to the solid-liquid separation method of the present invention, a solid-liquid mixture (for example, excrement 12 of livestock such as cattle) conveyed by a conveying means (for example, a freight vehicle 10) is stored in a means (cylinder 14). , Chamber, etc.),
A step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture (12) stored in the storage means (14) by a compression means (piston 15, a press, etc.), and a liquid (12L) discharged from the solid-liquid mixture (12) in the compression step. And a step of separating the remaining solid content (12C) by a filtering means (mesh 16 or the like). In the compression step, the gravity of the conveying means (for example, the freight vehicle 10) is transferred to the power transmission mechanism (link 24, 25, lever, fluid pressure circuit, etc.) is transmitted to the compression means (15) as a driving force (claim 1).

Further, the solid-liquid separation device (Z) of the present invention is a storage means (cylinder 14, chamber, etc.) for storing a solid-liquid mixture (for example, excrement 12 of livestock such as cattle), and the storage means (14). ), A compression means (piston 15, press, etc.) for compressing the solid-liquid mixture (12) stored in
From the solid-liquid mixture (12) compressed with 5) to the liquid (12
A filtering means (mesh 16 or the like) for passing only L),
A power transmission mechanism (links 24, 25, levers, fluid) configured to transmit the gravity of a transportation means (for example, a freight vehicle 10) that transports the solid-liquid mixture (12) as a driving force of the compression means (15). Pressure circuit 19 and the like) (claim 4).

According to the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus (Z) of the present invention having such a constitution, a solid-liquid mixture (12) such as livestock manure is separated into a solid content (12C) and a liquid (12L). In doing so, the only energy supplied from the outside is the gravitational energy of the transportation means such as the truck (10). Therefore, it is not necessary to supply the energy spent for solid-liquid separation from outside the bioplant (outside the system), and the bioplant is in good agreement with the form of a recycling society.

Further, there is no need to use mechanical means supplied with electric energy from outside the system, and zero emission can be realized for solid-liquid separation.

Furthermore, when the manure is separated into a solid content and a liquid content (solid-liquid separation work), energy supplied from the outside such as a commercial power source is not required, and therefore, bioplant (biogas) The operating cost of the generating mechanism or the manure processing mechanism B) is reduced by that amount, and the operating efficiency is improved.

The solid-liquid separation method described above has a step of discharging the solid content (12C) after the liquid (12L) is compressed by the compression means (15) by the solid content discharge means (16B). Preferably (claim 2).

Further, the solid-liquid separation device (Z) has a solid content discharging means (16B) for discharging the solid content (12C) which has been compressed and from which the liquid (12L) has been removed. The discharge means (16B) is also preferably configured so that the gravity of the transfer means (for example, the freight vehicle 10) that transfers the solid-liquid mixture (12) can be used as a driving force (claim 5).

When such a configuration is adopted, the process of discharging the solid content is also supplied from the outside (such as a commercial power source) by using the gravity of the carrier means (for example, the freight vehicle 10) as a driving force. It can be realized in a zero-emission type system without using any energy.

Further, in the above solid-liquid separation method, the compression means (15) is provided at a stage before the step of introducing the solid-liquid mixture (12) into the storage means (14) after the compression step is performed. It is preferred that the step of returning to the position before compression is performed (claim 3).

In the solid-liquid separation device (Z), it is preferable that the compression means (15) is configured to return to the position before compression after compressing the solid-liquid mixture (12) ( Claim 4).

By adopting such a constitution, a solid-liquid mixture such as excrement of livestock can be separated into solid (solid) and liquid (liquid) by intermittent batch processing.

The solid-liquid separation method and apparatus of the present invention can be suitably combined with the liquid concentration method and apparatus described below.

Such a liquid concentrating method is, for example, a concentrated liquid by passing through a region (2) to which cold heat is input from a liquid (for example, digested liquid after methane fermentation of livestock manure) storage facility (1). The process of supplying the liquid to be concentrated to the freezing piping system (4) returning to the storage facility (3) and the liquid to be concentrated in the freezing piping system (4) were passed through at low speed and introduced from the outside air. The step of freezing the water in the liquid by cold heat, the step of flowing the liquid in which the water is frozen and concentrated into the concentrated liquid storage facility (3), and the water frozen in the freezing piping system (4) ( The liquid storage facility 1, the piping system 4 for freezing, and the concentrated liquid storage facility 3) are discharged to the outside.

The liquid concentrating device (A) is, for example, a liquid (for example, a digested liquid after methane fermentation of livestock manure).
A liquid storage facility (1) for storing liquid, a concentrated liquid storage facility (3) for storing a concentrated liquid, and a region (2) to which cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility (1). And the freezing piping system (4) communicating with the concentrated liquid storage facility (3) and the liquid concentrated in the freezing piping system (4) when water is frozen by the cold heat input from the outside air. It has a concentrated liquid flow-through mechanism configured to flow into the concentrated liquid storage facility (3) and a water discharge mechanism for discharging the water frozen in the freezing pipe (4).

If the solution is frozen over a relatively long period of time,
At first, there is a phenomenon that only the water freezes and the solution concentration of the liquid phase becomes thick. The liquid concentrating method and apparatus preferably combined with the present invention is based on such a phenomenon. That is, the water in the liquid to be concentrated (for example, the digested liquid after the methane fermentation of livestock manure) is frozen by the cold heat input from the outside air and is exposed to the outside air of the freezing piping system (4). Ice (5) is applied to the area (2) near the tube wall (4a). As a result of freezing of water and icing (5) on the portion near the tube wall (4a), the water content of the liquid to be concentrated is reduced. As a result, the concentration of the liquid stored in the liquid storage facility (1) is increased and concentrated. Then, it becomes possible to receive a larger amount of liquid (to be concentrated) as compared with before concentration.

According to the above-described liquid concentrating method and apparatus, only the cold heat supplied from the outside air is used for freezing the water, so various kinds of energy (electrical energy,
The cost required for freezing is significantly reduced compared to conventional cooling techniques that require the input of mechanical power, heat energy). Therefore, the cost required for concentration can be kept extremely low. Then, it is possible to reduce the cost in the bioplant (biogas generating mechanism, manure processing mechanism) (B) and contribute to improving efficiency.

Therefore, the above liquid concentrating method and apparatus are
It is preferably carried out in cold climates, so that the water contained in the solution to be concentrated is effectively frozen. In other words, in cold regions in winter, the required cold heat can be obtained from the outside air inexhaustibly.

In the above liquid concentrating method, a plurality of freezing pipes (4-1, 4-n) are arranged in parallel in the region (2) into which the cold heat of the freezing pipe system (4) is input. And while any one of the freezing pipes is performing the above-mentioned step of discharging water to the outside of the liquid storage facility (1),
The other piping for freezing is configured to execute the step of supplying the liquid to be concentrated, the step of freezing the water, and the step of flowing the concentrated liquid into the concentrated liquid storage facility (3). Is preferred.

In the liquid concentrator (A) described above, a plurality of freezing pipes (4-1, 4-n) are provided in the region (2) into which the cold heat of the freezing pipe system (4) is input. The plurality of freezing pipes (4-1, 4) are arranged in parallel.
A distribution mechanism (eg, valve V, etc.) for supplying a liquid (eg, digestive juice) to be selectively concentrated to any one of —n)
It is preferable to have

A plurality of freezing pipes (4--) are provided in a region of the freezing pipe system (4) into which cold heat is applied (region 2 exposed to the outside air).
By arranging 1, 4-n) in parallel and configuring the processes executed in the respective pipes differently, the concentration of the solution (L) can be continuously processed instead of batch processing. Because it will be.

In the region (2) into which the cold heat of the freezing pipe system (4) is input, only one freezing pipe is provided,
It is also possible to freeze-concentrate the liquid (L) in a batch process.

In the liquid concentrator (A), the region of the freezing piping system (4) to which the cold heat is applied may be the region (2) exposed to the outside air, or the cold heat of the outside air is supplied. It may be the internal space (C-1) of the building (C) (other than the liquid storage facility) configured as described above. Here, the region (2) into which the cold heat of the freezing piping system (4) is input is the internal space (C-1) of the building (C).
In this case, it is preferable that the outside airflow inlet (6) is provided so that the amount of outside air flowing into the internal space (C-1) can be adjusted.

Here, a refrigerant (brine) flows between the region (C-1) into which the cold heat of the freezing piping system (4) is input and the region (2) into which the cold heat is supplied from the outside air. A circulation system (7) is interposed, and the refrigerant circulation system (7) is
A first heat exchanger (heat pump, radiator 7a) to which cold heat is supplied from the outside air, and a second heat exchanger (for example, double pipe 7d: inside, where cold heat is supplied from a refrigerant (brine) to a liquid to be concentrated. The liquid to be concentrated flows through the tube and the refrigerant flows through the outer tube). According to this structure, the liquid to be concentrated and the refrigerant exchange heat between liquid phases in the second heat exchanger (7d).
The heat exchange between the liquid phases is more efficient than the heat exchange between the liquid phase and the gas phase (when cold heat is input from the outside air to the liquid flowing through the freezing pipe exposed to the outside air). Since it is much higher, cold heat is efficiently applied to the liquid to be concentrated, and water is efficiently frozen.

Then, the freezing piping system (4, 4-1)
1, 4-12) a conductor wire (8) is arranged in the central portion in the radial direction of the region into which the cold heat is applied, and electric field generating means (9) for adding electric charge to the conductor wire (8) is provided. Is preferred. When the liquid does not contain an electrolyte, the freezing rate is controlled to control the tube wall (4 in FIGS. 16 and 17).
a) Almost no liquid solute is contained in the water (ice accretion layer 5) frozen in the vicinity. On the other hand, when the liquid contains an electrolyte, it is known that the solute of the liquid is taken in by the frozen water (the icing layer 5) near the tube wall (4-1a, 4-2a). There is. In such a case, if a charge is applied to the conducting wire (8) arranged at the center (radial center) of the freezing piping system (4-1, 4-2) to generate an electric field, the solution (L The solute, that is, the electrolyte, is attracted by the electric field and is biased to the center of the freezing piping system (4-1, 4-2). As a result, the solute is
a) It is prevented from being taken into the icing layer 5 in the vicinity.

The cooling fins (4c, 4Aa, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4, 4Aa, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4Aa, 4Aa, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4, 4Aa, 4A4, 4A4) are provided in the region of the freezing pipe system (4, 4A, 4B) where the cold heat is supplied in order to efficiently supply the cold heat.
It is preferable to provide Ba).

[0033]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, a bioplant denoted by reference numeral B is a receiving facility 100, a methane fermentation tank 101, a liquid concentrator A, a sun drying facility 102, a compost fermentation facility 103, and a completed compost house 104.
And other incidental facilities (for example, the machinery / equipment storage 105) and the like.

The manure of livestock transported by the dump truck 10 or the tank truck is put into the receiving facility 100,
The solid-liquid separation device of the present invention separates a solid content (solid) and a liquid content (liquid). The separated liquid is introduced into the methane fermentation tank 101 by a pipeline (not shown), and methane gas is generated in the methane fermentation layer 101. After the methane gas is generated, the liquid is introduced into the digestive liquid storage tank 1 through a pipeline (not shown). on the other hand,
The separated solids have more water removed by the sun drying facility 102, and the solid fertilizer 10
In the compost fermentation facility 103, the solid content is fermented and cultivated into compost.

FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows a solid-liquid separation device using a hydraulic system. In FIG. 2, a solid-liquid separation apparatus indicated by reference numeral Z is a storage means (hereinafter referred to as a cylinder) 14 for storing a solid-liquid mixture (for example, excrement of livestock such as cattle) 14 and a storage in the cylinder 14. A compression means (hereinafter, referred to as a first piston) 15 for compressing the solid-liquid mixture 12 thus compressed, and a liquid 12L from the solid-liquid mixture 12 compressed by the first piston 15.
Filtration means for passing only (hereinafter referred to as mesh) 1
6 and a fluid pressure circuit 19 configured to be able to transmit the gravity of a transportation means (a freight vehicle: hereinafter referred to as a truck) 10 that transports the solid-liquid mixture 12 as a driving force of the piston 15. There is.

The inner wall surface of the cylinder 14 is
In the middle of the stroke (stroke) of the piston 15, the hopper 13 for introducing the solid-liquid mixture 12 is in communication,
The first piston 15 is connected to the second piston 18 at the upper end via the first piston rod R1. Second
The piston 18 slides in the second cylinder 17, and the second cylinder 17 communicates with the third cylinder 20 via the fluid circuit 19.

A third piston 21 slides inside the third cylinder 20, and the third piston 21 is connected via a second piston rod R2 to a mass pedestal 22 on which the truck 10 is mounted. ing.

According to the solid-liquid separation device Z having such a structure, after the truck 10 puts the solid-liquid mixture 12 into the hopper 13, on the way back, for example, the compost produced by the bioplant B as described later, or The compost is loaded and placed on the mass pedestal 22. Then, the third cylinder 20 descends due to the mass of the track 10, the pressure of the fluid propagates through the fluid circuit 19, and the first piston 15 connected to the second piston also descends, and the injected solid-liquid mixture is injected. The liquid portion 12L is discharged by the liquid discharge line PL by compressing 12 with the mesh 16.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the movement track of the track 10 in the first embodiment of FIG. Track 1 at position D
In 0, the solid-liquid mixture 12 is put into the hopper 13, the compost is loaded at the M position, the process proceeds to the E position, and the mass pedestal 22 is loaded. When the knob (not shown) attached to the mass cradle is turned off while being placed on the mass cradle 22, the truck 1
The mass pedestal 22 on which 0 is placed descends as shown in FIG. 4 (a vertical sectional view taken along the point E in FIG. 3).

Before and after the mass cradle 22 of FIG. 3, that is, F
As shown in FIG. 4, there is a difference in height (the F position is high) between the position and the G position, and the first position is set by the indicator (not shown).
When the driver confirms that the piston of (3) has finished compressing (lowering) the solid-liquid mixture 12, the truck 10 descends to the point G side and returns to the return route.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In addition to the hydraulic system in the solid-liquid separation device, the "lever principle" is used. From the second piston 18 of FIG. 2, up to the second piston rod R2 including the hydraulic circuit 19 is engaged with the first link including the first fulcrum 23 and the end of the first link 24. Second including the second fulcrum
It is replaced with the link of.

According to the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, since the operating energy required for solid-liquid separation can be obtained by utilizing the potential energy of the truck as the loading / unloading means, a commercial power source can be obtained. There is no need to purchase energy from other sources.

Next, details of the separation mechanism (filtration mechanism) in the first and second embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 11. FIG. 6 shows a separation mechanism, that is, a solid-liquid separation device Z.
2 shows the entire configuration of the cylinder 14 and shows the bottom portion of the cylinder 14 in more detail as compared with FIG. 2 described above. The part different from FIG. 2 will be described.

An expanded diameter portion 140A is provided at the lower portion of the cylinder 140.
And the lower end of the expanded diameter portion 140A has a liquid discharge port 1
40L and the solid content discharge port 140C are formed to extend obliquely downward so as to be separated from each other, and a solid content carry-out box 144 is formed at the tip of the solid content discharge port. A butterfly-type baffle plate 16B that can selectively switch the carried-out material to either the carry-out port 140L or the solid content discharge port 140C is rotated at a branch point between the liquid discharge port 140L and the solid content discharge port 140C. It is freely pivoted. Further, in the space of the expanded diameter portion 140A below the cylinder 140, a stretchable rubber screen 142 is provided so as to hang down so that liquid does not leak in an unintended direction (left and right direction in FIG. 6). There is.

On the other hand, the mesh 1 in the cylinder 140
6A is also a butterfly type and is rotatably attached to the cylinder 140. Therefore, when the mesh 16A is rotated, the solid 12C remaining above the mesh 16A (residue obtained by compressing the solid-liquid mixture 12) is below the baffle plate 16B.
It is configured to fall on top.

The solid-liquid separation process will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 7, the solid-liquid mixture 12 is compressed by the first piston 15, and the liquid 12L becomes the mesh 1
Drop from 6 onto the top of the baffle. At that time, the baffle plate 16B is downwardly rightward in the drawing so that the flow path communicates with the liquid discharge port 140L. Therefore, the liquid 12L flows into the liquid outlet.

After discharging the liquid 12L to the liquid discharge port 140L, in FIG. 8, the rotation direction of the baffle plate 16B is switched so that the left side is downward.

Thereafter, referring to FIG. 9, the baffle plate 16B
In the state where the left side is turned downward, the mesh 16A is rotated, the individual 12C is dropped onto the baffle plate 16B, and the solid content discharge box 140C is driven by the momentum of the drop as it is through the solid content discharge port 140C. It is discharged to 144. It should be noted that, as described above, it is desirable that the solid content carry-out box 144 is also carried out by using the weight of the truck to the outside, for example, by means not shown.

FIGS. 10 and 11 exemplify a mesh. In FIG. 9, a flat mesh is used, and in FIG. 11, the center has a downward convex spherical surface shape. The stress applied to the mesh can be made uniform by the Pascal principle.

A third embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS.
An embodiment will be described. The third embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in the structure of the compression means. That is, after compressing the manure, a mechanism for returning the compression means to the original position (position before compression) is attached.

In FIG. 12, the solid-liquid separation apparatus indicated by reference numeral ZA is a solid-liquid separation unit, and the press machine 30 is
A male tooth 31 having a wavy profile, a female tooth 32 having the same wavy shape as the male tooth 31, and the male tooth 31
And a solid-liquid mixture receiving member 33 having a shape that fills a gap formed when the female teeth 32 are separated by a predetermined amount.

The male tooth 31 is fixed to the ground, and the female tooth 32 is connected to a piston 35 sliding in a cylinder 34 via a connecting rod 36. The cylinder 34 moves the right chamber 3 by the piston 35.
4a and the left ventricle 34b.

On the other hand, the solid-liquid mixture 12 is transferred to the solid-liquid separator ZA.
In the course of the truck 10 after being put into the vehicle, a boot A, a boot B, and a boot C are arranged in the order of track progress. For example, in an underground portion of each boot, the truck 10 operates as shown in FIG.
The hydraulic system (cylinder and piston) as shown in (3) is buried, and the booth A communicates with the right chamber 34a of the cylinder 34 by the circuit La. The booth B communicates with the left chamber 34b of the cylinder 34 by a circuit Lb.
The booth C communicates with a cylinder portion of an assembly of a piston and a cylinder (not shown) that operates in the up-down direction of the receiving member 33 (the front-back direction of the paper) by a circuit Lc.

Both or one of the two male teeth 31 and the female teeth 32 which face each other as described above are constituted by a mesh 32a as shown in FIG.
The solid-liquid mixture (feces and urine) not shown between 1 and 32 is crushed in the meantime, and the liquid component 12L passes through the mesh 32a forming the teeth and is pushed out to the side. The solid content 12C after being crushed by the double teeth 31 and 32 is pushed out from the lower side and discharged. Some water remains in the solid content 12C after being crushed, and the solid content 12C is sent to the sun drying facility 102 to facilitate further fermentation.

According to the solid-liquid separation device ZA having such a structure, the potential energy of the truck 10 can be used as it is for the energy required for the solid-liquid separation, and the energy cost is not generated.

FIG. 14 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, the method shown in FIG.
Although the same compression means is used, the mechanism (a gear mechanism) for transmitting the weight of the truck 10 is different from the mechanism (hydraulic circuit) shown in FIG.

The solid-liquid separation device ZA is arranged at the center of the booth A and the booth B and above the drawing. In the boot A, there is a rack 45A that descends toward the back surface of the paper when the truck 10 is placed, and the pinion 39A meshed with the rack 45A rotates in the YA arrow direction to move the pinion 39.
The rotary shaft 38 to which A is fixed is simultaneously rotated. A central pinion 39 is fixed to the center of the rotary shaft 38 and rotates in the same direction as the rotary shaft 38. When the pinion 39A and the central pinion 39 rotate in the YA arrow direction, the rack shaft 37 engaged with the central pinion 39 and connected to the female shaped portion 32 moves in the Ya arrow direction, and the female shaped portion 3
2 is pushed towards the male part 31.

A pinion 39B is provided at the right end of the rotary shaft 38.
Is stuck. There is a rack 45B on the booth B that descends toward the back side of the paper when the track 10 is placed, and the rack 45B is engaged with the pinion 39B. When 45B descends and the pinion 39B rotates in the YB arrow direction, the rotary shaft 38 to which the pinion 39B is fixed also rotates at the same time. Therefore, the central pinion 39 also rotates in the same direction,
As a result, the rack shaft 37 moves in the Yb arrow direction and operates so as to separate the female portion 32 from the male portion 31.

In the boot C, there is a rack 55 that descends toward the back side of the paper when the track 10 is placed.
Engages with a pinion 54 pivotally supported at one end of the rotary shaft 53. A bevel gear 52 is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft 53, and the bevel gear 52 is a second bevel gear 51 fixed to an end portion of a second rotating shaft 50 orthogonal to the rotating shaft 53.
The rotation force of the rotary shaft 53 is transmitted to the second rotary shaft 50 by meshing with each other.

On the other end of the second rotary shaft 50, that is, on the receiving member 33 side, a cam mechanism (not shown) is engaged,
The rotation of the second rotating shaft 50 causes the receiving member 33 to move up and down in the front-back direction of the paper. The operation and effect are substantially the same as those of the third embodiment of the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus shown in FIG. 12 described above.

Next, a liquid concentrating method and apparatus which can be suitably combined with the above-described solid-liquid separating method and apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Here, the liquid concentrator A is a digestive juice storage tank (hereinafter referred to as a digestive juice tank) 1 which is a liquid storage facility.
And concentrated liquid storage facility (hereinafter referred to as concentrated liquid fertilizer tank)
3 and a freezing piping system 4. Here, the piping system 4 for freezing connects the digestive juice tank 1 and the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3, and the liquid to be concentrated that flows through the pipe by being exposed to cold outside air in the winter (the digestive juice in the example shown in the figure is used. By icing the water of (1) on the tube wall, the concentration of the digestive liquid is increased and the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 is pressure-fed to the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 by, for example, a pump which is not shown.

Since the volume of the concentrated digestive juice stored in the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 is reduced by that amount, it is sufficient even when the liquid fertilizer is not consumed for a long period of time, such as in a snowy season in cold regions. It can be stored in.

The first aspect of the liquid concentrating method and apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the liquid concentrator A section of FIG. 1 in more detail. Liquid concentrator A
The installation position 2 of the section is a place with good ventilation, the freezing piping system 4 is exposed to air, and cold heat is applied to the solid-liquid mixture flowing through the piping by the outside air.

The freezing piping system 4 is composed of a plurality of freezing pipings 4-1 to 4-n (n = 2 in the drawing because there are two pipings), which are connected in parallel. A pair of open / close valves V1, V1: V2, V2 are provided at the ends of the freezing pipes 4-1 to 4-n.

If water freezes on the inner walls of the freezing pipes 4-1 to 4-n by the method and mechanism described later, by closing the on-off valve V1 of any pipe (for example, 4-1), for example, The on-off valves V1 and V not shown in the piping
The inside of one is removable, and the piping for freezing 4
By removing 1, the water (ice) deposited on the pipe wall of the pipe 4-1 can be removed (deiced). Of course, the piping 4-1-4
It is also possible to provide an ice accretion removing mechanism at -n so that the pipe is not detached. For example, a heating means (not shown) for heating the pipe wall may be provided, the icing ice may be melted by the heating means, and the moisture may be discharged from a moisture discharge port (not shown). On the other hand, since the other pipe 4-2 is still connected to the freezing pipe system so as to be able to communicate with each other, a digestive liquid (concentrated liquid) having a high concentration can be continuously obtained.

FIG. 16 shows the first embodiment in which the concentrated liquid L is forcibly entrained by the movement of bubbles H to bring the concentrated liquid rich in chemical components distributed on the icing interface to store the concentrated liquid. The state where it flows into the facility 3 is shown. In the figure, reference numerals 4a and 5 respectively indicate a pipe wall of the freezing pipe system and ice that has iced on the pipe wall.

FIG. 17 shows another embodiment of the mechanism for forcibly flowing the concentrated liquid L into the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 in the first mode. A pump (not shown) is provided on the digestive liquid tank 1 side of FIG. In the stage where freezing and concentration are sufficiently carried out, pressure is applied by a pump to forcefully flow into the concentrated liquid fertilizer tank 3 side.

According to the first aspect of the above structure and method, since the digestive liquid in the solid-liquid boundary layer (icing interface) has a very high concentration, the digestive liquid in this part (high-concentration digestive liquid) is The bubbles H as shown in FIG. 16 and the forced flow J as shown in FIG. 17 can prevent liquid fertilizer other than water from mixing into the ice formation part.

With reference to FIG. 18, a second embodiment of a liquid (for example, digestive juice) concentrating method and apparatus which can be preferably combined with the present invention will be described. In the second aspect, when the tube is exposed as in the first aspect (only the tube is directly exposed to the outside air), there is a problem in concentration due to overcooling, or if the tube is covered with snow. The thermal conductivity of the outside cold heat may be reduced, and it is intended to make a hut (build a building) and to perform efficient cooling in order to avoid such a defect.

In FIG. 18, the cooling pipe groups 41 to 44, which are regions into which the cold heat of the freezing piping system 4 is input, are indoors C-1 of the building C set up on the premises having the liquid concentrating device A.
It is located in. On one wall surface of the building C, there is provided an outside airflow inlet 6 which is a mechanism for adjusting the air volume having a variable louver 6a for preventing overcooling. In FIG. 18, reference numeral K is configured to supply heat from the bioplant B to heat the entire room C-1 in order to deice the ice 5 that has accumulated in the cooling pipes 41 to 44. It was done. Incidentally, reference numeral 6 in FIG.
Reference numeral b is a fan for exhausting indoor air.

With such a configuration, the cooling pipe 4
1-44 Ice on the inner surface (inward in the radial direction) 1
If mm is also melted, the ice can be removed. Ice cooling tubes 41-
As a means for discharging from 44, a publicly known / commercially available means may be applied.

The third aspect of the liquid concentrating method and apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. Similar to the second aspect, the third aspect is intended to avoid the inconvenience caused when the external air is concentrated by supercooling.

In FIG. 19, a radiator having a cooling fan 7b, which is a first heat exchanger into which cold heat is input from the outside air, is placed outside the building C standing on the premises having the liquid concentrator A. 7 is installed, while indoor C-1
Is composed of a double pipe in which the digestive liquid to be removed by icing passes through the water in the inner pipe (which may be the frozen pipe system 4 itself) and the refrigerant flows in the outer pipe. Second heat exchanger 7
d, the cold storage heat tank 7e, and the circulation pump 7f are installed.

These units are connected by a piping system 7p, and a circulation system 7 through which a refrigerant (brine: antifreeze liquid) flows.
Are configured. In addition, a bypass circuit 7 in which a third heat exchanger 7c is interposed in the piping system 7 on the inlet / outlet side of the double pipe.
1 may be provided and the refrigerant may be cooled or heated (when supercooling occurs).

According to the third aspect of FIG. 19 having such a configuration, the region (double pipe 7d) of the frozen piping system 4 into which the cold heat is input is arranged in the building C, and further, Since liquid-liquid heat exchange is performed with a refrigerant (brine: antifreeze), both cold and heat can be performed using brine, and the concentration of digestive juice can be efficiently increased. That is, for gas-liquid heat exchange (when the tube is exposed to the open air to put cold heat into the digestive juice in the tube), liquid-liquid heat exchange (inside the double tube Digest solution, circulate the cooled brine outside, double tube 7d
This is because the liquid-liquid heat exchange is performed via the partition wall of (1)), and the heat exchange efficiency is better on the order of several times.

The cold heat storage tank 7e functions not only as a brine buffer tank but also as a heat storage tank. The third heat exchanger 7c is provided as an auxiliary cooling / heating system, and is preferably used properly depending on how the ice grows.

The fourth mode will be described with reference to FIGS. When the liquid (digestive liquid) does not contain the electrolyte, the solute of the liquid is difficult to be taken into the ice accretion layer near the pipe wall of the cooling pipe. However, when the liquid (digestive fluid) contains an electrolyte, the electrolyte is taken into the icing layer,
Freeze concentration according to the invention is difficult. In order to prevent such a situation, in the fourth mode of FIGS. 20 to 22, an electric field is generated at the center of the freezing pipe to prevent the solute of the liquid from being taken into the icing layer near the pipe wall. To prevent. Figure 20
In the above, the freezing piping system 4 is the piping 4F on the digestive juice tank side.
And a branch pipe 4D composed of a first branch pipe 4-11 and a second branch pipe 4-12. The branch pipe 4D runs in parallel at a fixed distance from the branch portion 4Da. Is formed. After running for a certain distance in parallel, the respective branch pipes 4-11 and 4-12 (bently bent at a right angle in the figure and bent again at a right angle in a U-shape) are formed so as to join.

A conducting wire 8 is inserted in the central portion of the horizontal portion of the U-shape in the drawing, and the positive (+) electrodes 9a and 9a are provided at both ends of the horizontal portion in the first branch pipe 4-11. Both connected electrodes are connected to an electric field generating means (for example, a capacitor) 9 by a circuit 9w. On the other hand, the second branch pipe 4-
In FIG. 12, the negative (−) electrodes 9b and 9b are connected to each other, and both electrodes are connected to the electric field generating means (for example, capacitor) 9 by the circuit 9w.
It is connected to the.

Further, the I portion of FIG. 20, that is, the branch portion 4Da
As shown in FIG. 21 in detail, the digestive liquid tank side pipe 4F containing the positive electrode 90a is attached to the pipe wall on the right side of the drawing.
However, a negative (-) electrode 90b is attached to the left tube wall, and each is connected to the capacitor 9 by means not shown. The branch point 4Da is a so-called "separator", and is formed so as to be sharp and to minimize the resistance of the fluid due to the direction change at the time of branching.

FIG. 22 is a view of the XX cross section of FIG. 21 as seen in the direction of arrow W, and the broken lines indicate the electrodes 90a and 90b.
It is the figure which looked at through.

According to the fourth mode shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the positive (+) provided on the right wall of the pipe 4F on the digestive juice tank side.
The electrolyte charged with negative (-) ions flows into the first branch pipe 4-11 side by the electrode 90a of the negative electrode 90a, and the positive (-) electrode 90b provided on the left wall of the pipe 4F on the digestive liquid tank side positively The electrolyte charged with (+) ions is the second branch pipe 4-1.
It flows into the 2 side. The useful electrolyte portion carrying each ion flows into each branch pipe, and then the above-mentioned conductor 8
Then, it receives the force of the electric field generated by the condenser 9 and is collected in the central portion of the tube and flows down, so that it can be efficiently collected in the concentrated liquid tank 3. Then, since the electrolyte is attracted to the electric field in the center of the branch pipe, it is prevented from being taken in by the icing layer on the pipe wall.

A fifth mode of the liquid concentrating method and apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 23 to 25. FIG. 23 shows a structure in which a plurality of fins 4c are formed on the outer circumference of the freezing piping system 4 to increase the surface area of the freezing piping system 4 so that the cold heat of the outside air can be easily taken in to increase the cooling efficiency. The inside of the pipe 4 is shown in FIGS.
Similarly to the fourth aspect of No. 2, the conductor wire 8 is inserted and connected to the electrode 9a at the end.

FIG. 24 shows an example in which circular fins 4Aa subjected to rounded corners are joined to an annular freezing pipe 4A, and the fluid in the pipes can be cooled uniformly. In addition,
A conductor 8A is inserted in the center of the tube.

FIG. 25 shows a rectangular fin 4B in which a wide conductor 8B is inserted into a refrigerating pipe 4B using a rectangular pipe having a rectangular cross section so that the width from the outer periphery to the edge of the refrigerating pipe 4B is equal.
This is an example in which a is joined. With such a configuration, the interval between adjacent refrigerating pipes 4B can be narrowed, and a space-saving layout can be achieved.

The illustrated embodiment is merely an example,
It is additionally noted that the description is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention.

The solid-liquid separation method of the present invention can be configured as follows. That is, the step of introducing the solid-liquid mixture conveyed by the conveying means into the storing means, the step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storing means by the compressing means), and the step of leaving the solid-liquid mixture in the compressing step. A step of separating the liquid and the remaining solid content by a filtering means, and in the compressing step, the gravity of the conveying means is transmitted to the compressing means as a driving force by a power transmission mechanism, and the liquid is separated. In order to concentrate the liquid, the step of supplying the liquid to be concentrated to the freezing piping system that passes through the region where the cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility and communicates with the concentrated liquid storage facility, and the concentration in the freezing piping system Flow the liquid to be passed through and freeze the water in the liquid by the cold heat input from the outside air; flow the liquid that has been condensed due to freezing of the water into the concentrated liquid storage facility; And a step of discharging the water frozen in the inner to the outside.

Alternatively, a step of charging the solid-liquid mixture transported by the transport means to the storage means, a step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storage means by the compression means, and a step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture And a step of separating the remaining solid content from the liquid by a filtering means, and in the compression step, the gravity of the transfer means is transmitted to the compression means by a power transmission mechanism as a driving force, and the separation is performed. In order to concentrate the condensed liquid, a step of supplying the liquid to be concentrated to the freezing piping system that passes through the region where cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility and communicates with the concentrated liquid storage facility, and in the freezing piping system A step of freezing the water content in the liquid by the cold heat input from the outside air by flowing the liquid to be concentrated,
It has a step of flowing a liquid in which the water is frozen and concentrated into a concentrated liquid storage facility, and a step of discharging the water frozen in the freezing piping system to the outside, and the cold heat of the freezing piping system is included. A plurality of freezing pipes are arranged in parallel in the region where the water is input, and while any one of the freezing pipes is performing the process of discharging moisture to the outside of the liquid storage facility, the other freezing pipes are frozen. The service pipe is configured to execute the step of supplying the liquid to be concentrated, the step of freezing the water, and the step of flowing the concentrated liquid into the concentrated liquid storage facility.

Further, the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention can be constructed as follows. That is, storage means for storing the solid-liquid mixture, compression means for compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storage means, filtering means for passing only liquid from the solid-liquid mixture compressed by the compression means, and solid-liquid A power transmission mechanism configured to transmit the gravity of the transporting means for transporting the mixture as a driving force of the compression means, a liquid storage facility for storing the separated liquid, and a concentrated liquid storage facility. Liquid storage facility for storing liquid, a freezing piping system that communicates with the concentrated liquid storage facility through an area where cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility, and freezing pipe by cold heat input from the outside air Concentrated liquid flow-through mechanism configured to force the concentrated liquid to flow into the concentrated liquid storage facility when the water freezes in the system, and water discharge to discharge the frozen water in the freezing pipe mechanism, The it has.

Alternatively, storage means for storing the solid-liquid mixture, compression means for compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storage means, and filtration means for passing only the liquid from the solid-liquid mixture compressed by the compression means. A liquid storage facility for storing the separated liquid, which has a power transmission mechanism configured to transmit the gravity of the transport means for transporting the solid-liquid mixture as a driving force of the compression means. , The concentrated liquid storage facility for storing the concentrated liquid, the freezing piping system that communicates with the concentrated liquid storage facility through the region where the cold heat is input from the liquid storage facility, and the cold heat input from the outside air Concentrated liquid flow-through mechanism configured to force the concentrated liquid to flow into the concentrated liquid storage facility when water freezes in the freezing pipe system, and drains frozen water in the freezing pipe Water A discharge mechanism, and a plurality of freezing pipes are arranged in parallel in a region of the freezing pipe system into which the cold heat is input, and the freezing pipes are selectively concentrated in any of the plurality of freezing pipes. It has a distribution mechanism for supplying the liquid to be liquid.

[0090]

The effects of the present invention are listed below. (A) It becomes unnecessary to supply the energy required for solid-liquid separation from outside the bioplant (outside the system). (B) It is possible to provide a bioplant that closely matches the shape of a recycling-based society. (C) It can contribute to the realization of zero emission. (D) Since the energy supplied from the outside (such as a commercial power source) is not necessary, the operating cost of the bioplant is correspondingly reduced, and the operating efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a bioplant to which the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus of the present invention should be applied.

FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram when a hydraulic system is used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a movement locus of a truck, which is a conveyance means, in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line YY in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram in the case where this principle is used in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing details of the separation mechanism in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a process diagram showing a liquid discharging process of solid-liquid separation by a separation mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a process diagram showing the first half of a solid content discharging process of solid-liquid separation by a separation mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing the latter stage of a solid content discharging process of solid-liquid separation by a separation mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing an example of a mesh of a separating mechanism.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the mesh of the separating mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a compression unit of the third embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a liquid concentrating method and apparatus that can be preferably combined with the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing an example of a mechanism for forcibly flowing the concentrated liquid into the concentrated liquid storage facility in the first aspect.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the mechanism for forcibly flowing the concentrated liquid into the concentrated liquid storage facility in the first aspect.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of a liquid concentrating method and device that can be preferably combined with the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of a liquid concentrating method and device that can be preferably combined with the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of a liquid concentrating method and device which can be preferably combined with the present invention.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of part G in FIG.

22 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 23 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a partial configuration in a fifth aspect of a liquid concentrating method and device that can be preferably combined with the present invention.

24 is a vertical cross-sectional view including an example of the fin portion of FIG.

25 is a vertical cross-sectional view including another example of the fin portion of FIG. 23.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 ... Digestive liquid storage tank 10 ... Track 12 ... Solid-liquid mixture 14 ... Cylinder 15 ... Piston 16 ... Mesh 16B ... Solid content discharging means 19 ... ..Hydraulic circuits 24, 26 ... Link A ... Liquid concentrator B ... Bioplant ZA ... Solid-liquid separator ─────────────────── ───────────────────────────────────

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] January 29, 2002 (2002.1.2
9)

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0035

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows a solid-liquid separation device using a hydraulic system. In FIG. 2, a solid-liquid separation apparatus indicated by reference numeral Z is a storage means (hereinafter referred to as “cylinder”) 14 for storing a solid-liquid mixture (for example, excrement of livestock such as cows) 12, and the storage in the cylinder 14. A compression means (hereinafter, referred to as "first piston") 15 for compressing the solid-liquid mixture 12 that has been compressed;
Liquid 1 from the solid-liquid mixture 12 compressed by the piston 15 of
The gravity of the filtering means (hereinafter referred to as “mesh”) 16 that allows only 2 L to pass through and the conveyance means (freight vehicle: hereinafter referred to as “truck”) 10 that conveys the solid-liquid mixture 12 can be transmitted as the driving force of the piston 15. And the fluid pressure circuit 19 configured as described above.

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0041

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In addition to the hydraulic system in the solid-liquid separation device, the "lever principle" is used. From the second piston 18 of FIG. 2, up to the second piston rod R2 including the hydraulic circuit 19 is engaged with the first link including the first fulcrum 23 and the end of the first link 24. Second including the second fulcrum
It is replaced with the link of.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0056

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 14 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the solid-liquid separation method and apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, the same compression means as in FIG. 13 is used, but the mechanism for transmitting the weight of the truck 10 (the gear mechanism is adopted) is the mechanism shown in FIG. Hydraulic circuit).

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0066

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 16 shows the first embodiment in which the concentrated liquid L is forcibly entrained by the movement of bubbles H to bring the concentrated liquid rich in chemical components distributed on the icing interface to store the concentrated liquid. The state where it flows into the facility 3 is shown. In the figure, reference numerals 4a and 5 respectively denote a pipe wall of the freezing pipe system and ice that has iced on the pipe wall.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Kinzo Law             Sapporo City Chuo-ku Minami 14 Article West 16-chome 2-10 RA             −201 F-term (reference) 4D059 AA01 BE15 BE49 BE51 CA11                       CA21 CB12 CB27 CC01

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A step of introducing the solid-liquid mixture conveyed by the conveying means into the storing means, a step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storing means by a compressing means, and a step of compressing the solid-liquid mixture. And a step of separating the remaining solid content from the liquid by a filtering means, and in the compressing step, gravity of the conveying means is transmitted to the compressing means as a driving force by a power transmission mechanism. Solid-liquid separation method. 2. The solid-liquid separation method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of discharging the solid content after the liquid is discharged by being compressed by the compression means, by the solid content discharging means. 3. The step of returning the compressing means to the position before the compressing step is performed before the step of charging the solid-liquid mixture into the storing means after the compressing step is performed. The solid-liquid separation method according to any one of 1 and 2. 4. Storage means for storing the solid-liquid mixture, compression means for compressing the solid-liquid mixture stored in the storage means,
A filtering means for passing only the liquid from the solid-liquid mixture compressed by the compression means, and a power transmission mechanism configured to transmit the gravity of the conveying means for conveying the solid-liquid mixture as the driving force of the compression means. A solid-liquid separator characterized by having. 5. A solid content discharging means for discharging the compressed and liquid-removed solid content, and the solid content discharging means also utilizes the gravity of the carrying means for carrying the solid-liquid mixture as a driving force. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 4, which is configured to be capable. 6. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 4, wherein the compression means is configured to return to a position before compression after compressing the solid-liquid mixture.