JP2003176195A - Explosive composition - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop an explosive composition which is improved in explosion performance as compared with conventionally used ANFO explosives without impairing the advantages of low initiation sensitivity and simplicity of handling of the ANFO explosives, can easily assure a charging length by a sustained charge, can reduce the consumption of the explosives, and hardly solidifies even in high-temperature and high-humidity periods, such as in summer or hot seasons. <P>SOLUTION: The explosive composition has an oil absorption rate of 10.0 to 20.0% and bulk specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.65 and contains porous prill ammonium nitrate containing micro-hollow particles and fuel oil as essential components. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an explosive composition widely used for industrial blasting work such as quarrying, mining, coal mining, and excavation of a gravel road. More specifically, it relates to a porous explosive ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate) -based granular explosive composition that can be used by directly loading it into the perforations of the object to be destroyed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Dynamite, water-containing explosives, ammonium nitrate explosives, ammonium nitrate oil explosives (hereinafter referred to as ANFO explosives) and the like are well known as industrial explosives used for blasting work and the like.
Among these explosives, the ANFO explosive is an explosive that can be produced relatively easily, and since it usually has a granular shape with fluidity, it can be poured directly into the perforation or loaded by a loading machine such as a loader. There is a feature that you can do it.

It is well known that the reactivity of porous prill ammonium nitrate is considerably lower than that of explosive compounds such as nitroglycerin and nitroglycol. Therefore, ANFO explosives, which often contain 90% by weight or more of the whole explosive as an oxidant, are less expensive than other industrial explosives, but stable and inexpensive. In the PVC rain gutter test or carton test stipulated in the academic standard ES-32 (2) as the detonation initiation test method, it is not supposed to complete the explosion with No. 6 detonator, and due to its low sensitivity, it becomes a heavy bag containing 25 kg, for example. It is widely used because it has excellent handleability such as storage and transportation thereof. Usually, it is necessary to use boosters such as water-containing explosives and dynamite in order to complete the explosion of ANFO-based explosives in a PVC rain gutter test.

Generally, the performance of explosives is divided into a dynamic effect and a static effect. The former is considered to be a crushing effect due to detonation pressure, and the latter is a work effect due to adiabatic expansion of explosive products gas. , Is determined by measuring the elastic pendulum value. The detonation pressure is approximately represented by P≈1 / 4ρD ² (ρ is the initial density of explosive, D is the explosive velocity), and becomes higher as the initial density of explosive, that is, the loading specific gravity and the explosive velocity are higher. Also, explosives with small particle size and high loading specific gravity generally have high detonation speed,
Therefore, it is a common knowledge of those skilled in the art that the crushing effect becomes large.

However, in the actual blasting work, it is necessary to secure a certain length of charge for the purpose of preventing the generation of large lumps, and when an explosive having the above characteristics is used to achieve this. However, there is a risk that the amount of charge will be increased more than necessary and problems such as flying stones, noise and vibration may occur. As a means to avoid this, a deck charge is generally performed in which an inert substance such as sand is inserted as an insert during the charge, but after performing the charge continuously, only the top of the hole is charged. Compared with the case of continuous charging in which the charge is loaded, the charge operation becomes complicated, such as the measurement of the explosive and the charge or the increase in the number of times the load length is measured.

[0006] On the other hand, it has been confirmed that ANFO explosive having a low loading specific gravity and a high detonation velocity can be obtained by using porous prill ammonium nitrate having specific physical properties such as particle size, bulk specific gravity and oil absorption. (See Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3), a sufficient charge length is secured without reducing the crushing effect, and there is no need for deck charge, and the amount of explosive used is reduced. Therefore,
In recent years, the ANFO explosive has begun to be widely used for industrial blasting applications such as quarrying and mining, in place of the ANFO explosive manufactured by using the conventional porous prill sodium nitrate.

From the same viewpoint, if the reactivity of porous prill ammonium nitrate is further improved to improve not only the dynamic effect but also the static effect at a lower loading specific gravity, the efficiency of the blasting work is further promoted. However, the method has not been found yet. In addition, 100g of water is
Approximately 120g at 0 ℃, and 950g at 100 ℃
It is a substance that dissolves easily in water, and has the property of rapidly increasing its solubility in water at high temperatures.

As described above, the main component of ANFO explosives is porous prill ammonium nitrate, and therefore, during high temperature periods such as summer, the ammonium nitrate may be affected by moisture in the air or moisture contained in the packaging material under high temperature storage conditions. Part of the surface is dissolved and when the temperature is lowered at night or the like, crystals are precipitated from the dissolved ammonium nitrate surface, and at this time, the phenomenon that adjacent ammonium nitrate particles are fixed to each other repeatedly occurs. As a result, there is a problem in that the ANFO explosive as a whole solidifies (solidifies) and the fluidity, which is a characteristic of the ANFO explosive, is impaired. In order to prevent the problem due to this solidification, a solidification inhibitor is mixed in porous prill ammonium nitrate, but solidification cannot be sufficiently prevented in practical use.

Further, an antistatic agent that makes solidification less likely to occur (see, for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5) has also been added to ANFO-based explosives. In particular, a specific gravity adjusting material (see, for example, Patent Document 6). ) Etc., it is a common knowledge of those skilled in the art that if an ANFO-based explosive with a significantly low specific gravity is to be put to practical use, it tends to solidify due to the structure of porous prill ammonium nitrate. Unless the solidification property is remarkably improved, sufficient solidification prevention in the high temperature and high humidity period cannot be achieved. However, the method is not easy because it requires contradictory physical properties as described above, and has not yet been put to practical use.

[0010]

[Patent Document 1] JP-A-7-69772

[Patent Document 2] JP-A-9-278578

[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-39789

[Patent Document 4] JP-A-11-147784

[Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-278974

[Patent Document 6] JP-A-8-26877

[0011]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a significantly improved explosive performance as compared with currently used ANFO explosives without impairing the advantages of low initiation sensitivity and easy handling of ANFO explosives. The purpose of the present invention is to develop an explosive composition that can easily secure the length of the explosive by continuous charging, can significantly reduce the amount of explosive used, and is hard to solidify even in high temperature and high humidity periods such as summer. To do.

[0012]

[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research on physical properties such as oil absorption rate, bulk specific gravity, etc. of porous prill ammonium nitrate used in explosives, detonation sensitivity and dynamic effects and static effects of ANFO explosives, and solidification properties of ANFO explosives, they have specific physical properties. ANFO explosives that show a specific elastic pendulum value using porous sprit ammonium have excellent handling properties similar to conventional ANFO explosives without exhibiting detonator detonation properties, and are crushed in spite of a decrease in loading specific gravity. The inventors of the present invention have completed the present invention by finding that they are highly effective and exhibit remarkably high power.

That is, according to the present invention, (1) the oil absorption is 10.
An explosive composition, characterized in that it contains 0 to 20.0%, a bulk specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.65, porous prill ammonium nitrate containing fine hollow particles, and fuel oil as essential components, (2) ammunition The explosive composition according to (2) above, which has a pendulum value of 55 to 90 mm, and (3) an outer diameter of 30 to 50 m.
m, the explosive composition according to the above (1) or (2), which has an elastic pendulum value of 60 to 90 mm when charged in a medicine barrel having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm, (4) explosive composition 70 to 80 g The value of the elastic pendulum when detonating with a booster of 5-10g is 50-
The explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (3) above having a diameter of 80 mm, (5) Total porous prill ammonium nitrate having a particle size of 2.36 mm or more and 0.98 m.
The explosive composition according to any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein the content of m or less is 5.0% by weight or more and 1.0% by weight or less, respectively. (6) Porous prill The explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (5) above, wherein the hardness of ammonium nitrate is 0.5 to 10.0%, and (7) the concentration of fine hollow particles in the porous prill ammonium nitrate is 0. 10 to 0.25% by weight of the explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (6) above, and (8) complete detonation with a No. 8 detonator in a PVC rain gutter test. The explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (7) above, (9) the solidification degree after one cycle in the solidification cycle test is 0.0 to 5.0 kg, and the above (1) to (8) ). The explosive composition according to any one of 1) above.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below. In addition, hereinafter, when referred to as porous prill ammonium nitrate, it refers to porous prill ammonium nitrate containing fine hollow particles. The explosive composition of the present invention has an oil absorption of 10.0 to 20.0%.
And has a bulk specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.65, preferably 0.55
Porous prilled ammonium nitrate, which is ˜0.65, is used. Porous prill bismuth is usually 65 for the entire explosive composition.
It is used in the range of -96% by weight, preferably 75-95% by weight. Furthermore, as the porous prill ammonium nitrate used in the explosive composition of the present invention, the content of the particles having a particle size of 2.36 mm or more and 0.98 mm or less is 5.0, respectively.
It is preferable that the content is not less than wt% and not more than 1.0 wt%. Furthermore, the explosive composition of the present invention has a hardness of 0.5.
˜10.0%, preferably 0.5 to 5.0%. Further, as the porous prill sodium nitrate used in the explosive composition of the present invention, porous prill ammonium nitrate containing fine hollow particles in the porous prill ammonium nitrate is used, and the fine hollow particles are 0.10 to 0.10 in the porous prill ammonium nitrate.
It is preferably contained in porous prilled ammonium sulfate in the range of 0.25% by weight. As such fine hollow particles-containing porous prill ammonium nitrate, those obtained by crushing it can also be used.
In addition, porous hollow silica containing fine hollow particles is, for example, S
It is easily available from ASOL. The fine hollow particles contained in porous prill ammonium nitrate in the explosive composition of the present invention are mainly used as a specific gravity adjusting agent or the like, and specifically, for example, resin microballoons, glass microballoons, metal hollow particles, There are natural or synthetic porous substances such as shirasu balloon, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more. In the explosive composition of the present invention, resin microballoons are preferred among the above.

In the explosive composition of the present invention, porous prill ammonium nitrate (preferably porous acrylic ammonium chloride having the above-mentioned particle size distribution) and its pulverized product can be mixed at an arbitrary ratio, but preferably, porous prill ammonium nitrate is used. The mixing ratio of the crushed product with respect to is 20 to 80% by weight. In this way, porous prill ammonium nitrate can be crushed itself or mixed with a crushed product to obtain a desired bulk specific gravity.

The oil absorption of porous prill ammonium sulfate is measured by immersing a certain amount of sample porous prill ammonium nitrate in light oil for a certain period of time, suction filtration, and calculating the adsorption amount of light oil from the weight difference before and after the test. To be done. Specifically, 50 g of sample porous prill ammonium nitrate is put into a glass filter (11G-1) having a diameter of 40 mm and a depth of 50 mm, weighed with an upper plate direct reading balance, and set in a vacuum device. Then, 40 ml of light oil is poured into the glass filter and well stirred with a thin rod to achieve mixed contact of ammonium sulfate and light oil. 5
After leaving it for a minute, the external cock attached to the glass filter is opened and the light oil is allowed to flow down for 2 minutes. Then, after suctioning with a vacuum pump for 5 minutes (flow rate: about 30 l / min), a glass filter in which porous oil is adsorbed as a sample adsorbing light oil is weighed with a direct plate balance.
Here, the increased amount is the adsorbed amount of light oil. After the above measurement is finished, the ratio (%) of the light oil adsorption content (g) to the original sample porous prill ammonium nitrate 50 g is displayed as the oil absorption rate (%). The calculation formula is as the following formula (1). Oil absorption rate (%) = light oil adsorption (g) / sample 50 (g) x 100 (1)

The oil absorption rate of ammonium nitrate depends mainly on the volume and effective diameter of the pores distributed inside the particles. For example, if the pore volume is large, there is a large space for holding light oil inside the particles. Therefore, the oil absorption rate becomes large.

[0018] The bulk specific gravity of porous prill ammonium nitrate is JIS K
It is measured according to the method specified in -6721. That is, a certain amount of sample porous prill ammonium nitrate from a certain height, using a funnel having a damper at the bottom supported by a support rod,
It is measured by dropping it into a cylindrical cup placed on a support to remove the porous prill ammonium nitrate in the sample rising on the cup and then weighing the sample porous prill ammonium nitrate in the cup. Specifically, the top diameter is 90mm,
A funnel with a diameter of 15 mm at the lower end and a height of 115 mm was installed so that the distance between the lower end of the funnel and the top of the cup having a volume of 100 cm3 on the support table was 45 mm, and 100 g of porous prilled ammonium nitrate as a sample was placed in the funnel. Insert the sample and slide the damper to drop the sample porous prilled ammonium nitrate into the cup. Paying attention not to give vibration, remove the porous prilled ammonium nitrate of the sample raised above the cup with a spatula so that it is level with the upper end of the cup.
Then, the sample porous prill ammonium nitrate attached to the outside of the cup is removed, and the weight of the sample porous prill ammonium nitrate in the cup is weighed with a direct plate balance. After finishing the above measurement, the bulk specific gravity is calculated by the following equation (2). Bulk specific gravity = Sample weight (g) / 100 (cm ³ ) (2)

Particle size distribution of porous prill ammonium nitrate (% by weight)
Is determined by passing a fixed amount of porous prill ammonium nitrate through various sieves having different meshes and the weight of the residue on the sieve mesh for each mesh.

The hardness of porous prill ammonium nitrate is measured by mechanically crushing a certain amount of a sample of porous prill ammonium nitrate under a certain condition with a hardness measuring device and measuring the crushed amount. The device used for measurement is a funnel for sample injection,
A sending pipe (inner diameter 16 mm, length 175 mm) connected to a compressed air inflow hole (inner diameter 4 mm, length 55 mm), a sample injection pipe (inner diameter 12) that vertically connects the upper part of the connection part and the funnel.
mm, length 52 mm) and a sample crushing pipe (inner diameter 50 mm, length 315 mm) vertically connected to the delivery pipe.

100 g of porous prill ammonium nitrate as a sample from which powder was removed with a 35 mesh screen was dropped from a funnel through a sample injection tube and dropped into a flow tube, and the sample was flowed by compressed air (4 kg / cm ² ) flowing from an inflow hole. The sample ammonium nitrate is pulverized by colliding with the inner wall of the crushing tube through the tube. After pouring, the sample porous prilled ammonium nitrate is sieved with 35 mesh to obtain +35
The mesh amount (N) is weighed and displayed as a ratio (%) of the powdered amount to 100 g of the original sample ammonium nitrate. The calculation formula is as the following formula (3). Hardness (%) = 100 (g) -N (g) (3)

As the fuel oil used in the explosive composition of the present invention, it is preferable to use a fuel oil which is liquid when mixed. Examples of fuels that can be used include mineral oils such as light oil and kerosene, vegetable oils and animal oils.

In addition to this, methyl alcohol,
Alcohols such as ethyl alcohol, waxes such as paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax, and nitro compounds such as dinitrotoluene and dinitroxylene can be used alone or in combination as fuel oil.
Fuel oil having a high melting point can be used by mixing it with porous prill ammonium nitrate at a temperature above the temperature at which it becomes liquid. The amount of fuel oil used in the explosive composition of the present invention is
It is usually in the range of 2.5 to 25% by weight, preferably 4 to 10% by weight of the entire explosive composition.

The explosive composition of the present invention has an elastic pendulum value of 55.
Those having a thickness of up to 90 mm, preferably 60 to 85 mm are preferable. Further, the explosive composition of the present invention has an outer diameter of 30 to
The value of the elastic pendulum when loaded in a 50 mm thick drug cylinder having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is 60 to 90 mm, preferably 65 to 90 mm.
Is preferable. Further, as the explosive composition of the present invention, one having an elastic pendulum value of 50 to 80 mm, preferably 55 to 80 mm when 70 to 80 g of the explosive composition is detonated by a booster of 5 to 10 g is preferable. In order to obtain such an elastic pendulum value, it is most effective to appropriately adjust the bulk specific gravity and the amount of fine hollow particles to be mixed with porous prill ammonium sulfate, and to combine them.

The elastic pendulum value is measured according to the method specified in JIS K-4810. Specifically, a mortar that explodes explosives and emits an explosion-producing gas and a pendulum having a weight of 5 t and having a hole into which the explosion-producing gas is incident are used. Diameter 55m
m to 70 to 100 deep inside the charging hole of a mortar with a depth of 550 mm
g of explosives or explosives and pentolite, water-containing explosives, etc. are charged into a paper cylinder, and 1 kg of clay powder or river sand that has passed through the standard sieve 1 mm specified in JIS Z-8801 is put into a hatron paper cylinder with a diameter of about 53 mm. Pack it as an insert, bring the mortar closer to 50 mm in front of the pendulum, detonate the explosive directly with the detonator or via the booster, and measure the swing of the pendulum with a slide scale.

The detonation sensitivity of the explosive composition of the present invention is determined in accordance with the PVC rain gutter test specified in ES-32 (2) of the Society of Thermopharmacy. Specifically, outer diameter 60 ± 2mm, length 13
Close one end of a 0 ± 2 mm rigid vinyl chloride gutter with kraft paper, adhere it to the pipe body with adhesive tape, etc., put the sample explosive from the open end and close the mouth of the craft paper with kraft paper, and then use the adhesive tape etc. Adhere to the body. Insert the electric detonator into the center of one end of the tube until the upper end of the detonator is flush with the end face of the tube, and length 150 to 3 at the center of the other end of the tube.
A 00 mm type II detonator is inserted 30 mm from the end of the tube. Place it on the sand sideways to explode the detonator, test three times if the detonator detonates, and determine the detonation sensitivity.

The explosive composition of the present invention exhibits a detonation sensitivity in which a No. 8 detonator completes an explosion, and preferably a No. 6 detonator does not complete an explosion in a PVC rain throat test.

The solidification cycle test was carried out by placing 300 g of the sample explosive composition from the upper open end into a PVC pipe having an inner diameter of 50 mm and sealing and fixing the lower end, and then applying a load of 2.7 kg from the upper part and setting it in a thermo-hygrostat. Then, the temperature is changed to 20 to 40 ° C. and the relative humidity is set to 40 to 60% in a cycle of 24 hours.

Next, the sample explosive was taken out and the length was set to 500.
A column fixed with bolts and nuts so that the mm pole moves smoothly only up and down does not move even if a load is applied to the end of the rod. It is installed on a table 100 mm from the column on the solidification degree measuring machine. Then, the load is gradually applied to the end of the rod, and the solidification degree is measured by reading the load at which the shape of the sample explosive collapses. Therefore, the higher the degree of solidification, the stronger the solidification.

The explosive composition of the present invention has a solidification degree of usually 0.0 to 5.0 after one cycle in the solidification cycle test.
Those exhibiting kg, preferably 0.0 to 2.5 kg are preferred. The solidification degree after two more cycles is 0.0 to 10.0.
Those exhibiting kg, preferably 0.0 to 7.5 kg are preferred.

If necessary, the explosive composition of the present invention may be provided with a measure for preventing static electricity generation. For example, water-soluble or oil-soluble antistatic agents (JP-A-55-51794, JP-A-11-147784, and JP-A-11-2789).
No. 74), various additives such as starches (JP-A-10-291883), fatty acid amides (JP-A-11-322481) and the like can be added.

If necessary, the explosive composition of the present invention contains an oxidizing agent other than porous prill ammonium nitrate, such as potassium nitrate or perchlorate, and additional powder fuel such as wood powder or aluminum powder, or sodium polyacrylate. Such a thickening stabilizer (JP-A-8-295588), a specific gravity adjusting material such as shirasu balloon (JP-A-8-26877), and an organic acid known as an ammonia gas inhibitor (JP-A-11-JP11).
No. 79798), a water absorbing agent (JP-A-2000-16891).
No. 2000-327473), it is possible to add other additives.

The explosive composition of the present invention is produced by a mixer such as a kneader or a rotary mixer by uniformly mixing porous prill ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, and optionally other additives. It Also, other mixers can be used as long as they have the functions of stirring and mixing.

The explosive composition of the present invention does not impair the original advantages of ANFO explosives, does not require a deck charge, and ensures a sufficient length of explosive and enables a significant reduction in explosive usage. In addition, it does not easily solidify even in high temperature and high humidity seasons such as summer, and despite its low loading specific gravity, it has a crushing effect equivalent to or better than that of currently used ANFO explosives. It is an ANFO explosive with low specific gravity and high power.

[0035]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, “part” means “part by weight”.

Example A1 Oil absorption rate 12.4%, bulk specific gravity 0.63, particle size 2.36 mm
3 and above and 0.98 mm and below
A sigma blade of 0.4 wt% and 0.0 wt%, and 94.7 parts of porous prilled ammonium nitrate having a hardness of 3.6% (manufactured by SASOL, containing resin fine hollow particles 0.16 wt%) was provided at room temperature. Transfer to a horizontal kneader, room temperature No. 2 light oil 5.0 parts, fatty acid amide (fatty acid amide S: Kao Corporation) 0.3
Parts were added and mixed at a speed of 80 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes to obtain 100 parts of the explosive composition of the present invention. When 90 g of this explosive composition was charged into a paper cylinder having an outer diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 5 mm and the detonator was detonated with a No. 8 detonator, the pendulum value was 69 mm.

Example A2 Oil absorption rate 17.8%, bulk specific gravity 0.57, particle size 2.36 mm
1 and above and below 0.98 mm
84.7 parts of porous prill ammonium nitrate 9.6% by weight and 0.6% by weight, hardness 9.3% (manufactured by SASOL, resin fine hollow particle content ratio 0.19% by weight) and its crushed product 10.0
Part was transferred to a concrete mixer at room temperature, and 5.1 parts of room temperature No. 2 light oil and a 20% aqueous solution of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride / acrylamide copolymer (Kayacryl resin EC-315: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.). Add 2 parts,
Mixing for 3 minutes at a speed of 100 revolutions per minute gave 100 parts of the explosive composition of the present invention. 80 g of this explosive composition is loaded into a paper cylinder having an outer diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, and 10 g of a water-containing explosive (Altex: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) as a booster is used as a booster to detonate a No. 6 detonator. The pendulum value is 72
It was mm.

Comparative Example 1 Oil absorption rate 16.0%, bulk specific gravity 0.71, particle size 2.36 mm
Above and below 0.98 mm, respectively
92.0% by weight and 0.1% by weight, and hardness of 15.5% Porous prill ammonium nitrate (Ammonia porous prill ammonium nitrate described in JP-A-8-259365).
Part was transferred to a horizontal kneader equipped with a sigma blade at room temperature, and room temperature No. 2 diesel oil 7.8 in which 0.2 part of polyoxyethyleneoxypropylene glycol (Adeka Pluronic L-121: Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was dissolved. Parts were added and mixed for 5 minutes at a speed of 80 revolutions per minute to give 100 parts of explosive composition for comparison. 100 g of this explosive composition has an outer diameter of 40 m
The value of the elastic pendulum was 69 mm when a paper cylinder having a thickness of 5 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was charged and detonated with a No. 8 detonator. The detonation sensitivity of this explosive composition in the PVC rain throat test is 0/3 for the complete detonation rate at No. 8 detonator, and the solidification degrees after 1 and 2 cycles in the solidification cycle test are 6.3 and 11.2 kg, respectively. there were.

Comparative Example 2 (Explosive described in JP-A-11-278974) Oil absorption rate 10.5%, bulk specific gravity 0.76, particle size 2.36 mm
Above and below 0.98 mm, respectively
93.7 parts of porous prilled ammonium sulfate containing 0.0% by weight and 2.0% by weight and hardness of 12.0% and containing no fine hollow particles were transferred to a horizontal kneader equipped with a sigma blade at room temperature, and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether ( (Emulgen 108: Kao Co., Ltd.) 0.3 parts of room temperature No. 2 light oil 6.0 parts was added and mixed for 3 minutes at a speed of 70 rpm,
100 parts of a comparative explosive composition were obtained. This explosive composition 9
The ballistic pendulum value when 0 g was charged into a paper cylinder having an outer diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, and 10 g of water-containing explosive (Altex: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) was used as a booster to detonate with No. 6 detonator, It was 52 mm. The detonation sensitivity of this explosive composition in a PVC rain throat test is that the complete detonation rate with a No. 8 detonator is 0/3,
The solidification degree after 1 and 2 cycles in the solidification cycle test was 2.0 and 6.0 kg, respectively.

Performance Test (A) (1) Explosion Velocity Test Each of the explosive compositions obtained in Examples A1 and A2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was put in a steel pipe having an inner diameter of 35 mm and a thickness of 3.5 mm to give 200
Then, 40 g of the pentolite was used as a booster to detonate the No. 6 detonator, and the detonation speed was measured.

(2) Initiation Sensitivity Test Each of the explosive compositions obtained in Examples A1 and A2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was subjected to No. 6 in the PVC rain gutter test specified in the ES-32 (2) of the Thermopharmacy Society. I detonated with a detonator.

The results of these tests are shown in Table A1.

[0043]

[Table 1]

Full Scale Blasting Test Each of the explosive compositions obtained in Examples A1 and A2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was blasted under constant blasting conditions in a full scale lime mine bench face, and the amount of crushed ore and crushed grains were measured. The crushing effect was evaluated by observing the degree and the state of root cutting.

The blasting conditions and the results are shown in Table A2.

[0046]

[Table 2]

Compared to the explosive of Comparative Example 2, the explosive of Comparative Example 1 has a small bulk specific gravity and a remarkably large elastic pendulum value under the same conditions. It can be seen that in bench blasting with the amount reduced by 10%, a predetermined amount of ore was crushed, and the crushed grain size and root cutting were also good. Compared to these comparative examples, the explosive compositions of Examples A1 and A2 of the present invention, which have a smaller bulk specific gravity and have the same or more elastic pendulum value in spite of a small dose, have a higher detonation value. As shown, the detonation sensitivity was an incomplete detonation with the No. 6 detonator (PVC method), confirming that the original excellent handleability of ANFO explosives is not impaired. In addition, even in the case of blasting a full-scale bench, the charge length was the same and the charge amount was Comparative Example 1.
Although it is about 11% less than that of Comparative Example 2 and 20% less than that of Comparative Example 2, the amount of crushed ore, crushed particle size and root cutting are all the same, and the explosive composition of the present invention is It is clear that it has the characteristics that it exhibits a high crushing effect with high power and at the same time can efficiently reduce the amount of explosive used.

Example B1 84.0 parts of the same porous prilled ammonium nitrate as in Example A2 and 10.0 parts of the crushed product were transferred to a concrete mixer at room temperature, 6.0 parts of room temperature No. 2 light oil was added, and per minute 10
The explosive composition 10 of the present invention was mixed for 3 minutes at a speed of 0 revolutions.
I got 0 copies. The detonation sensitivity of this explosive composition in the PVC rain throat test was as follows: the complete detonation rate at No. 8 detonator was 3/3, and the solidification degrees after 1 and 2 cycles in the solidification cycle test were 1.2 and 5.5 kg, respectively. there were.

Example B2 With respect to the same explosive composition as in Example A1, the initiation sensitivity in a PVC rain throat test was measured. As a result, the complete explosion rate at No. 8 detonator was 3/3, and 1 in the solidification cycle test. And the solidification degree after 2 cycles is 0.1 and 1.5, respectively.
It was kg.

Example B3 94.7 parts of the same porous prill ammonium nitrate as in Example A1 was transferred to a horizontal kneader equipped with a sigma blade at room temperature, and 5.1 parts of room temperature No. 2 gas oil and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride-acrylamide copolymer were used. Of 20% aqueous solution (Kayacryl resin EC-315: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)
The mixture was mixed at a speed of 80 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes to obtain 100 parts of the explosive composition of the present invention. The detonation sensitivity of this explosive composition in a PVC rain throat test is as follows:
3. The solidification degree after 1 and 2 cycles in the solidification cycle test was 1.0 and 5.8 kg, respectively.

Performance Test (B) (1) Explosion Velocity Test 200 g of each explosive composition obtained in Examples B1 to B3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 was put in a steel pipe having an inner diameter of 35 mm and a thickness of 3.5 mm.
Pour, 40g Pentlite as booster 6
The detonator was detonated and the detonation speed was measured.

(2) Elastic Pendulum Test Each explosive composition obtained in Examples B1 to B3 was treated with an inner diameter of 30 m.
90 g was poured into a paper tube having a thickness of 5.0 mm and a thickness of 5.0 mm, and a detonator No. 8 was detonated to measure the elastic pendulum value. 90 g of each explosive composition obtained in Comparative Examples 1-2 was poured into a similar paper tube,
10 g of water-containing explosive (Altex: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)
Was used as a booster to detonate with a No. 6 detonator, and the pendulum value was measured.

Practical Evaluation Tests 20 kg of each explosive composition obtained in Examples B1 to B3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 was placed in a heavy bag, and stacked in 7 layers on a wooden pallet for 1 month in the explosive chamber. After allowing to stand for a while, the bottom heavy bag was opened and the solidified state of each explosive composition was observed and evaluated. The temperature in the refrigerator during the test period was 22 to 35 ° C.

The results of these tests are shown in Table B1. In addition,
Table B1 also shows the complete explosion rate and the degree of solidification in the solidification cycle test for the No. 8 detonator shown in Examples B1 to B3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0055]

[Table 3]

Compared to the explosive composition of Comparative Example 2, since the bulk specific gravity is small, the length of charge is the same and the amount of charge can be reduced by 10%. In addition, the explosive composition of Comparative Example 1 having a high degree of solidification in the solidification cycle test showed a high detonation speed and contained an antistatic agent that made the solidification less likely to occur although the elastic pendulum value under the same conditions was remarkably large. However, it can be seen that solidification occurs in the practical evaluation test, and it is necessary to take an appropriate measure such as disassembling by hand to obtain fluidity. This low specific gravity
Compared to the explosive composition of Comparative Example 1, which has high power, the bulk specific gravity is smaller, and therefore the length of the charge is the same and the amount of the charge is 10%.
The explosive compositions of the present invention of Examples B1 to B3 that can be reduced and have a complete explosion with a No. 8 detonator in a PVC rain throat test and have a smaller degree of solidification in a solidification cycle test than the explosive composition of Comparative Example 2 , With a higher detonation speed, the elastic pendulum value was equal to or higher than the low dose, and no solidification was observed in the practical evaluation test.
Therefore, it is confirmed that the original excellent handling property of ANFO explosives is not impaired. That is, the explosive composition of the present invention exhibits a high crushing effect and an excellent work effect, and at the same time can efficiently reduce the amount of explosive used, is hard to solidify even in the summer, and is similar to the conventional ANFO explosives. It is clear that it has the property of being easy to handle.

[0057]

Since the explosive composition of the present invention has a low detonation sensitivity, it can be handled in the same manner as conventional ANFO explosives. Compared to the powerful ANFO explosive, it is more powerful and has an excellent crushing effect, and the length of the charge can be easily secured by continuous charge without complicating the charge work. Furthermore, the explosive composition of the present invention has properties that it can significantly reduce the amount of explosive used and that it is hard to solidify even in high temperature and high humidity seasons such as summer.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. Porous ammonium prill nitrate containing fine hollow particles having an oil absorption of 10.0 to 20.0% and a bulk specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.65, and fuel oil are contained as essential components. And an explosive composition. 2. The explosive composition according to claim 1, which has an elastic pendulum value of 55 to 90 mm. 3. The explosive composition according to claim 1, which has an elastic pendulum value of 60 to 90 mm when it is charged in a drug cylinder having an outer diameter of 30 to 50 mm and a thickness of 1 to 10 mm. 4. Explosive composition 70-80 g, booster 5
The explosive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which has an elastic pendulum value of 50 to 80 mm when detonated at 10 g. 5. The whole porous prill ammonium nitrate having a particle size of 2.36 mm or more and a particle size of 0.98 mm or less is contained in a proportion of 5.0% by weight or more and 1.0% by weight or less, respectively. 5. The explosive composition according to any one of items 1 to 4. 6. The hardness of porous prill ammonium nitrate is 0.5-10.0%.
The explosive composition according to the item. 7. The explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the fine hollow particles in the porous prill ammonium nitrate is 0.10 to 0.25% by weight. 8. The explosive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which has a complete explosion with a No. 8 detonator in a PVC rain gutter test. 9. The explosive composition according to claim 1, which has a solidification degree of 0.0 to 5.0 kg after one cycle in a solidification cycle test.