JP2003176195A - Explosive composition - Google Patents
Explosive compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003176195A JP2003176195A JP2002270115A JP2002270115A JP2003176195A JP 2003176195 A JP2003176195 A JP 2003176195A JP 2002270115 A JP2002270115 A JP 2002270115A JP 2002270115 A JP2002270115 A JP 2002270115A JP 2003176195 A JP2003176195 A JP 2003176195A
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- explosive composition
- explosive
- ammonium nitrate
- composition according
- porous
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Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、採石、採鉱、採
炭、ずい道掘進等の産業用発破作業に広く利用される爆
薬組成物に関する。更に詳しくは、被破壊物の穿孔に直
接装填して使用し得るポーラスプリル硝酸アンモニウム
(硝安)系の粒状の爆薬組成物に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an explosive composition widely used for industrial blasting work such as quarrying, mining, coal mining, and excavation of a gravel road. More specifically, it relates to a porous explosive ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate) -based granular explosive composition that can be used by directly loading it into the perforations of the object to be destroyed.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】爆破作業等に用いられる産業用爆薬とし
ては、ダイナマイト、含水爆薬、硝安爆薬、硝安油剤爆
薬(以下ANFO爆薬と呼ぶ)等が良く知られている。
これらの爆薬のうち、ANFO爆薬は比較的簡単に製造
できる爆薬であり、通常流動性のある粒状を呈している
ので、穿孔内に直接流し込んだり、ローダー等の装填機
によって装填したりすることもできるという特徴があ
る。2. Description of the Related Art Dynamite, water-containing explosives, ammonium nitrate explosives, ammonium nitrate oil explosives (hereinafter referred to as ANFO explosives) and the like are well known as industrial explosives used for blasting work and the like.
Among these explosives, the ANFO explosive is an explosive that can be produced relatively easily, and since it usually has a granular shape with fluidity, it can be poured directly into the perforation or loaded by a loading machine such as a loader. There is a feature that you can do it.
【0003】ポーラスプリル硝安の反応性がニトログリ
セリンやニトログリコールのような爆発性化合物に比べ
てかなり低いことは良く知られている。従って、ポーラ
スプリル硝安が酸化剤として爆薬全体の90重量%以上
を占めることの多いANFO爆薬は、他の産業用爆薬と
比較して威力は低いが安価で安定、また、その起爆感度
は、火薬学会規格ES−32(2)に爆轟起爆試験方法
として規定されている塩ビ雨どい試験又はカートン試験
において6号雷管で完爆しないこととされており、その
低感度故に例えば25kg入り重袋への収納及びそれに
よる輸送が許されている等、優れた取扱性を有するとい
う点から、広く使用されている。通常、塩ビ雨どい試験
においてANFO系爆薬を完爆させるためには、含水爆
薬、ダイナマイト等のブースターを用いる必要がある。It is well known that the reactivity of porous prill ammonium nitrate is considerably lower than that of explosive compounds such as nitroglycerin and nitroglycol. Therefore, ANFO explosives, which often contain 90% by weight or more of the whole explosive as an oxidant, are less expensive than other industrial explosives, but stable and inexpensive. In the PVC rain gutter test or carton test stipulated in the academic standard ES-32 (2) as the detonation initiation test method, it is not supposed to complete the explosion with No. 6 detonator, and due to its low sensitivity, it becomes a heavy bag containing 25 kg, for example. It is widely used because it has excellent handleability such as storage and transportation thereof. Usually, it is necessary to use boosters such as water-containing explosives and dynamite in order to complete the explosion of ANFO-based explosives in a PVC rain gutter test.
【0004】一般的に爆薬の性能は、動的効果と静的効
果に分けられ、前者は爆轟圧による破砕効果、後者は爆
発生成ガスの断熱膨張による仕事効果とみなされてお
り、それぞれ爆速、弾動振子値の測定により求められ
る。爆轟圧は近似的にP≒1/4ρD2(ρは爆薬の初
期密度、Dは爆速)で表され、爆薬の初期密度、すなわ
ち装填比重及び爆速が高いほど大きくなる。また、粒度
が小さく、装填比重の高い爆薬は一般的に爆速が高く、
従って破砕効果が大きくなることは当業者の常識であ
る。Generally, the performance of explosives is divided into a dynamic effect and a static effect. The former is considered to be a crushing effect due to detonation pressure, and the latter is a work effect due to adiabatic expansion of explosive products gas. , Is determined by measuring the elastic pendulum value. The detonation pressure is approximately represented by P≈1 / 4ρD 2 (ρ is the initial density of explosive, D is the explosive velocity), and becomes higher as the initial density of explosive, that is, the loading specific gravity and the explosive velocity are higher. Also, explosives with small particle size and high loading specific gravity generally have high detonation speed,
Therefore, it is a common knowledge of those skilled in the art that the crushing effect becomes large.
【0005】しかしながら、実際の発破作業において
は、大塊の発生を防ぐ等の理由から一定の装薬長の確保
が必要であり、前記特性を有する爆薬を使用してこれを
達成しようとした場合、装薬量が必要以上に増大し、飛
石、騒音・振動等の問題が生ずる危険性がある。これを
回避する手段として、装薬途中に砂等の不活性物質を込
物として介在させるデッキ装薬が一般的に行われている
が、装薬を連続的に行った後、孔頂のみに込物を装填す
る連続装薬の場合に比べて、爆薬及び込物の計量、ある
いは装填長の計測回数の増加等、装薬作業が煩雑とな
る。However, in the actual blasting work, it is necessary to secure a certain length of charge for the purpose of preventing the generation of large lumps, and when an explosive having the above characteristics is used to achieve this. However, there is a risk that the amount of charge will be increased more than necessary and problems such as flying stones, noise and vibration may occur. As a means to avoid this, a deck charge is generally performed in which an inert substance such as sand is inserted as an insert during the charge, but after performing the charge continuously, only the top of the hole is charged. Compared with the case of continuous charging in which the charge is loaded, the charge operation becomes complicated, such as the measurement of the explosive and the charge or the increase in the number of times the load length is measured.
【0006】一方、粒径、嵩比重及び吸油率等において
特定の物性を有するポーラスプリル硝安を使用すること
により、低い装填比重で高い爆速を示すANFO爆薬が
得られることが確認されており(例えば特許文献1、特
許文献2及び特許文献3参照)、破砕効果の低減を招く
ことなく、またデッキ装薬の必要もなく十分な装薬長が
確保されると共に使用爆薬量の低減が図られるが故に、
近年、同ANFO爆薬は従来のポーラスプリル硝安を用
いて製造されたANFO爆薬に替わって、採石、採鉱等
の産業用爆破用途に広く利用され始めている。[0006] On the other hand, it has been confirmed that ANFO explosive having a low loading specific gravity and a high detonation velocity can be obtained by using porous prill ammonium nitrate having specific physical properties such as particle size, bulk specific gravity and oil absorption. (See Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3), a sufficient charge length is secured without reducing the crushing effect, and there is no need for deck charge, and the amount of explosive used is reduced. Therefore,
In recent years, the ANFO explosive has begun to be widely used for industrial blasting applications such as quarrying and mining, in place of the ANFO explosive manufactured by using the conventional porous prill sodium nitrate.
【0007】同様の観点から、ポーラスプリル硝安の反
応性の更なる向上により、更に低い装填比重において動
的効果のみならず静的効果の向上が図られれば、発破作
業の効率化が一層促進される可能性はあるが、その方法
は現在、見出されていない。また、硝安は、水100g
に対して0℃で約120g、又100℃では約950g
溶解する水に溶け易い物質であり、高温において水に対
する溶解度が急激に増大する性質を有している。From the same viewpoint, if the reactivity of porous prill ammonium nitrate is further improved to improve not only the dynamic effect but also the static effect at a lower loading specific gravity, the efficiency of the blasting work is further promoted. However, the method has not been found yet. In addition, 100g of water is
Approximately 120g at 0 ℃, and 950g at 100 ℃
It is a substance that dissolves easily in water, and has the property of rapidly increasing its solubility in water at high temperatures.
【0008】ANFO系爆薬の主成分は、前述のようにポー
ラスプリル硝安であるため、夏季等の高温時期には、高
い温度の貯蔵条件下において空気中の水分あるいは包材
に含まれる水分によって硝安の表面が一部溶解し、夜間
等に温度が下がると溶解した硝安表面から結晶が析出
し、この際隣接する硝安粒子同士が固着するといった現
象を繰り返し生ずる。その結果、ANFO系爆薬全体が固ま
り(固化)、ANFO系爆薬の特性である流動性が損なわれ
るという問題が見られる。この固化による問題を防ぐた
めに、ポーラスプリル硝安に固化防止剤が混入されてい
るが、実用上十分に固化を防止することはできない。As described above, the main component of ANFO explosives is porous prill ammonium nitrate, and therefore, during high temperature periods such as summer, the ammonium nitrate may be affected by moisture in the air or moisture contained in the packaging material under high temperature storage conditions. Part of the surface is dissolved and when the temperature is lowered at night or the like, crystals are precipitated from the dissolved ammonium nitrate surface, and at this time, the phenomenon that adjacent ammonium nitrate particles are fixed to each other repeatedly occurs. As a result, there is a problem in that the ANFO explosive as a whole solidifies (solidifies) and the fluidity, which is a characteristic of the ANFO explosive, is impaired. In order to prevent the problem due to this solidification, a solidification inhibitor is mixed in porous prill ammonium nitrate, but solidification cannot be sufficiently prevented in practical use.
【0009】更に、固化を生じ難くする帯電防止剤(例
えば特許文献4及び特許文献5参照)をANFO系爆薬に添
加することも行われているが、特に、比重調整材(例え
ば特許文献6参照)等を加えることなく著しく比重の低
いANFO系爆薬を実用化しようとする場合、ポーラスプリ
ル硝安の構造上より固化し易い傾向となることは当業者
の常識ではあるものの、逆にポーラスプリル硝安の固化
性を著しく改善しなければ、高温高湿期における十分な
固化防止を図ることはできない。しかしながら、その方
法は上述のとおり相反する物性を必要とするため容易で
はなく、未だ実用化されていない。Further, an antistatic agent that makes solidification less likely to occur (see, for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5) has also been added to ANFO-based explosives. In particular, a specific gravity adjusting material (see, for example, Patent Document 6). ) Etc., it is a common knowledge of those skilled in the art that if an ANFO-based explosive with a significantly low specific gravity is to be put to practical use, it tends to solidify due to the structure of porous prill ammonium nitrate. Unless the solidification property is remarkably improved, sufficient solidification prevention in the high temperature and high humidity period cannot be achieved. However, the method is not easy because it requires contradictory physical properties as described above, and has not yet been put to practical use.
【0010】[0010]
【特許文献1】特開平7−69772号[Patent Document 1] JP-A-7-69772
【特許文献2】特開平9−278578号[Patent Document 2] JP-A-9-278578
【特許文献3】特開2001−39789号[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-39789
【特許文献4】特開平11−147784号[Patent Document 4] JP-A-11-147784
【特許文献5】特開平11−278974号[Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-278974
【特許文献6】特開平8−26877号[Patent Document 6] JP-A-8-26877
【0011】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、起爆感度が
低く、ANFO爆薬の取扱が簡便であるという利点を損
なうことなく、現在使用されているANFO爆薬に比べ
て爆発性能が著しく向上し、かつ連続装薬により容易に
装薬長が確保できると共に、爆薬使用量を著しく低減す
ることのでき、また、夏季等の高温高湿期においても固
化し難い爆薬組成物を開発することを目的とする。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a significantly improved explosive performance as compared with currently used ANFO explosives without impairing the advantages of low initiation sensitivity and easy handling of ANFO explosives. The purpose of the present invention is to develop an explosive composition that can easily secure the length of the explosive by continuous charging, can significantly reduce the amount of explosive used, and is hard to solidify even in high temperature and high humidity periods such as summer. To do.
【0012】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、ANFO
爆薬において使用するポーラスプリル硝安の吸油率、嵩
比重等の物性及びANFO系爆薬の起爆感度と動的効果
及び静的効果、ANFO系爆薬の固化性について鋭意研
究をした結果、特定の物性を有するポーラスプリル硝安
を使用して特定の弾動振子値を示すANFO爆薬が、雷
管起爆性を示すことなく従来のANFO爆薬同様の優れ
た取扱性を有し、装填比重の低下にも拘わらず、破砕効
果に優れ、著しく高い威力を示すことを見出し、本発明
を完成させたものである。[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research on physical properties such as oil absorption rate, bulk specific gravity, etc. of porous prill ammonium nitrate used in explosives, detonation sensitivity and dynamic effects and static effects of ANFO explosives, and solidification properties of ANFO explosives, they have specific physical properties. ANFO explosives that show a specific elastic pendulum value using porous sprit ammonium have excellent handling properties similar to conventional ANFO explosives without exhibiting detonator detonation properties, and are crushed in spite of a decrease in loading specific gravity. The inventors of the present invention have completed the present invention by finding that they are highly effective and exhibit remarkably high power.
【0013】すなわち本発明は、(1)吸油率が10.
0〜20.0%、嵩比重が0.50〜0.65であり微
小中空粒子を含有するポーラスプリル硝酸アンモニウム
及び燃料油を必須成分として含有することを特徴とする
爆薬組成物、(2)弾動振子値が55〜90mmである
上記(2)記載の爆薬組成物、(3)外径30〜50m
m、厚さ1〜10mmの薬筒に装薬したときの弾動振子
値が60〜90mmである上記(1)または(2)に記
載の爆薬組成物、(4)爆薬組成物70〜80gをブー
スター5〜10gで起爆したときの弾動振子値が50〜
80mmである上記(1)乃至(3)のいずれか1項に
記載の爆薬組成物、(5)全ポーラスプリル硝酸アンモ
ニウム中、粒径2.36mm以上のもの及び0.98m
m以下のものがそれぞれ5.0重量%以上及び1.0重
量%以下の割合で含有される上記(1)乃至(4)のい
ずれか1項に記載の爆薬組成物、(6)ポーラスプリル
硝酸アンモニウムの硬度が0.5〜10.0%である上
記(1)乃至(5)のいずれか1項に記載の爆薬組成
物、(7)ポーラスプリル硝酸アンモニウム中の微小中
空粒子の含有濃度が0.10〜0.25重量%である上
記(1)乃至(6)のいずれか1項に記載の爆薬組成
物、(8)塩ビ雨どい試験において8号雷管で完爆する
ことを特徴とする上記(1)乃至(7)のいずれか1項
に記載の爆薬組成物、(9)固化サイクル試験において
1サイクル後の固化度が0.0〜5.0kgである上記
(1)乃至(8)のいずれか1項に記載の爆薬組成物に
関する。That is, according to the present invention, (1) the oil absorption is 10.
An explosive composition, characterized in that it contains 0 to 20.0%, a bulk specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.65, porous prill ammonium nitrate containing fine hollow particles, and fuel oil as essential components, (2) ammunition The explosive composition according to (2) above, which has a pendulum value of 55 to 90 mm, and (3) an outer diameter of 30 to 50 m.
m, the explosive composition according to the above (1) or (2), which has an elastic pendulum value of 60 to 90 mm when charged in a medicine barrel having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm, (4) explosive composition 70 to 80 g The value of the elastic pendulum when detonating with a booster of 5-10g is 50-
The explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (3) above having a diameter of 80 mm, (5) Total porous prill ammonium nitrate having a particle size of 2.36 mm or more and 0.98 m.
The explosive composition according to any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein the content of m or less is 5.0% by weight or more and 1.0% by weight or less, respectively. (6) Porous prill The explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (5) above, wherein the hardness of ammonium nitrate is 0.5 to 10.0%, and (7) the concentration of fine hollow particles in the porous prill ammonium nitrate is 0. 10 to 0.25% by weight of the explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (6) above, and (8) complete detonation with a No. 8 detonator in a PVC rain gutter test. The explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (7) above, (9) the solidification degree after one cycle in the solidification cycle test is 0.0 to 5.0 kg, and the above (1) to (8) ). The explosive composition according to any one of 1) above.
【0014】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】以下本発明を詳細に記載する。な
お、以下、ポーラスプリル硝安という場合、微小中空粒
子含有ポーラスプリル硝安をさすものとする。本発明の
爆薬組成物においては、吸油率が10.0〜20.0%
で、嵩比重が0.50〜0.65、好ましくは0.55
〜0.65であるポーラスプリル硝安が使用される。ポ
ーラスプリル硝安は、爆薬組成物全体に対して通常65
〜96重量%、好ましくは75〜95重量%の範囲で使
用される。更に本発明の爆薬組成物に使用されるポーラ
スプリル硝安としては、その粒径が2.36mm以上及
び0.98mm以下のものの含有量がそれぞれ、5.0
重量%以上及び1.0重量%以下であるものが好まし
い。更に本発明の爆薬組成物においては、硬度が0.5
〜10.0%、好ましくは0.5〜5.0%であるもの
が好ましい。更に本発明の爆薬組成物に使用されるポー
ラスプリル硝安としては、ポーラスプリル硝安内に微小
中空粒子を含有するポーラスプリル硝安が用いられる
が、微小中空粒子はポーラスプリル硝安中で0.10〜
0.25重量%の範囲でポーラスプリル硝安に含有され
るのが好ましい。このような微小中空粒子含有ポーラス
プリル硝安は、これを粉砕したものも使用可能である。
なお、微小中空粒子含有ポーラスプリル硝安は例えばS
ASOL社より容易に入手可能である。本発明の爆薬組
成物においてポーラスプリル硝安に含有せしめられる微
小中空粒子は、主に比重調整剤等として用いられている
もので、具体的には例えば樹脂マイクロバルーン、ガラ
スマイクロバルーン、金属中空粒子、シラスバルーンの
ような天然又は合成の多孔性物質等があり、これらは単
独または2種類以上混合して用いられる。本発明の爆薬
組成物においては上記のうち樹脂マイクロバルーンが好
ましいものとして挙げられる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below. In addition, hereinafter, when referred to as porous prill ammonium nitrate, it refers to porous prill ammonium nitrate containing fine hollow particles. The explosive composition of the present invention has an oil absorption of 10.0 to 20.0%.
And has a bulk specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.65, preferably 0.55
Porous prilled ammonium nitrate, which is ˜0.65, is used. Porous prill bismuth is usually 65 for the entire explosive composition.
It is used in the range of -96% by weight, preferably 75-95% by weight. Furthermore, as the porous prill ammonium nitrate used in the explosive composition of the present invention, the content of the particles having a particle size of 2.36 mm or more and 0.98 mm or less is 5.0, respectively.
It is preferable that the content is not less than wt% and not more than 1.0 wt%. Furthermore, the explosive composition of the present invention has a hardness of 0.5.
˜10.0%, preferably 0.5 to 5.0%. Further, as the porous prill sodium nitrate used in the explosive composition of the present invention, porous prill ammonium nitrate containing fine hollow particles in the porous prill ammonium nitrate is used, and the fine hollow particles are 0.10 to 0.10 in the porous prill ammonium nitrate.
It is preferably contained in porous prilled ammonium sulfate in the range of 0.25% by weight. As such fine hollow particles-containing porous prill ammonium nitrate, those obtained by crushing it can also be used.
In addition, porous hollow silica containing fine hollow particles is, for example, S
It is easily available from ASOL. The fine hollow particles contained in porous prill ammonium nitrate in the explosive composition of the present invention are mainly used as a specific gravity adjusting agent or the like, and specifically, for example, resin microballoons, glass microballoons, metal hollow particles, There are natural or synthetic porous substances such as shirasu balloon, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more. In the explosive composition of the present invention, resin microballoons are preferred among the above.
【0015】本発明の爆薬組成物において、ポーラスプ
リル硝安(好ましくは前記粒度分布を有するポーラスプ
リル硝安)とその粉砕品とは、任意の比率で混合し得る
ものであるが、好ましくはポーラスプリル硝安に対する
その粉砕品の混合割合は20〜80重量%である。この
ようにポーラスプリル硝安はそれ自身を粉砕したり、粉
砕品を混合したりして所望の嵩比重のものとすることが
できる。In the explosive composition of the present invention, porous prill ammonium nitrate (preferably porous acrylic ammonium chloride having the above-mentioned particle size distribution) and its pulverized product can be mixed at an arbitrary ratio, but preferably, porous prill ammonium nitrate is used. The mixing ratio of the crushed product with respect to is 20 to 80% by weight. In this way, porous prill ammonium nitrate can be crushed itself or mixed with a crushed product to obtain a desired bulk specific gravity.
【0016】ポーラスプリル硝安の吸油率は、一定量の
試料ポーラスプリル硝安を、軽油に一定時間浸しておい
た後、吸引ろ過し、試験前後の重量差より軽油の吸着量
を算出することによって測定される。詳しくは試料ポー
ラスプリル硝安50gを直径40mm、深さ50mmの
ガラスフィルター(11G−1)に入れ、上皿直示天秤
で秤量し、これを真空装置にセットする。ついでガラス
フィルター中に軽油40mlを注入し、細い棒でよく撹
拌し、ポーラスプリル硝安と軽油の混合接触を図る。5
分間放置後、ガラスフィルターに付属した外部のコック
を開放し、2分間軽油を自然流下させる。引き続き真空
ポンプにて5分間吸引(流速:約30l/min)した
後、軽油を吸着した試料のポーラスプリル硝安の入った
ままのガラスフィルターを、上皿直示天秤で秤量する。
ここで増量分が軽油の吸着分である。以上の測定を終え
た後、元の試料ポーラスプリル硝安50gに対する軽油
吸着分(g)の比率(%)を、吸油率(%)として表示
する。計算式は下記(1)式の通りである。
吸油率(%)=軽油吸着分(g)/試料50(g)×100 (1)The oil absorption of porous prill ammonium sulfate is measured by immersing a certain amount of sample porous prill ammonium nitrate in light oil for a certain period of time, suction filtration, and calculating the adsorption amount of light oil from the weight difference before and after the test. To be done. Specifically, 50 g of sample porous prill ammonium nitrate is put into a glass filter (11G-1) having a diameter of 40 mm and a depth of 50 mm, weighed with an upper plate direct reading balance, and set in a vacuum device. Then, 40 ml of light oil is poured into the glass filter and well stirred with a thin rod to achieve mixed contact of ammonium sulfate and light oil. 5
After leaving it for a minute, the external cock attached to the glass filter is opened and the light oil is allowed to flow down for 2 minutes. Then, after suctioning with a vacuum pump for 5 minutes (flow rate: about 30 l / min), a glass filter in which porous oil is adsorbed as a sample adsorbing light oil is weighed with a direct plate balance.
Here, the increased amount is the adsorbed amount of light oil. After the above measurement is finished, the ratio (%) of the light oil adsorption content (g) to the original sample porous prill ammonium nitrate 50 g is displayed as the oil absorption rate (%). The calculation formula is as the following formula (1). Oil absorption rate (%) = light oil adsorption (g) / sample 50 (g) x 100 (1)
【0017】硝安の吸油率は、主として粒子の内部に分
布する細孔の容積や有効径によって左右されるものであ
り、例えば細孔容積が大きければ、粒子内部に軽油を保
持し得る空間が大となるので、吸油率が大となる。The oil absorption rate of ammonium nitrate depends mainly on the volume and effective diameter of the pores distributed inside the particles. For example, if the pore volume is large, there is a large space for holding light oil inside the particles. Therefore, the oil absorption rate becomes large.
【0018】ポーラスプリル硝安の嵩比重はJIS K
−6721に規定の方法に準じて測定される。即ち、一
定量の試料ポーラスプリル硝安を一定の高さから、支持
棒に支持された下部にダンパーを有する漏斗を用いて、
支持台上に設置した円筒形コップ内に落下させ、コップ
上に盛り上がった試料のポーラスプリル硝安を除去した
後、コップ内の試料ポーラスプリル硝安を秤量すること
によって測定される。詳しくは、上端の直径90mm、
下端の直径15mm、高さ115mmの漏斗を、漏斗下
端と支持台上の深さ80mm、容積100cm3のコッ
プ上端との距離が45mmとなるように設置し、漏斗内
に試料のポーラスプリル硝安100gを入れ、ダンパー
をスライドさせてコップ内に試料のポーラスプリル硝安
を落下させる。振動を与えないように注意してコップの
上に盛り上がった試料のポーラスプリル硝安をヘラでコ
ップの上端と同じ高さで水平になるように払いのける。
次いでコップの外側に付着した試料のポーラスプリル硝
安はこれを除去して、コップ内の試料ポーラスプリル硝
安の重量を上皿直示天秤で秤量する。以上の測定を終え
た後、下記(2)式により嵩比重を算出する。
嵩比重=試料重量(g)/100(cm3) (2)[0018] The bulk specific gravity of porous prill ammonium nitrate is JIS K
It is measured according to the method specified in -6721. That is, a certain amount of sample porous prill ammonium nitrate from a certain height, using a funnel having a damper at the bottom supported by a support rod,
It is measured by dropping it into a cylindrical cup placed on a support to remove the porous prill ammonium nitrate in the sample rising on the cup and then weighing the sample porous prill ammonium nitrate in the cup. Specifically, the top diameter is 90mm,
A funnel with a diameter of 15 mm at the lower end and a height of 115 mm was installed so that the distance between the lower end of the funnel and the top of the cup having a volume of 100 cm3 on the support table was 45 mm, and 100 g of porous prilled ammonium nitrate as a sample was placed in the funnel. Insert the sample and slide the damper to drop the sample porous prilled ammonium nitrate into the cup. Paying attention not to give vibration, remove the porous prilled ammonium nitrate of the sample raised above the cup with a spatula so that it is level with the upper end of the cup.
Then, the sample porous prill ammonium nitrate attached to the outside of the cup is removed, and the weight of the sample porous prill ammonium nitrate in the cup is weighed with a direct plate balance. After finishing the above measurement, the bulk specific gravity is calculated by the following equation (2). Bulk specific gravity = Sample weight (g) / 100 (cm 3 ) (2)
【0019】ポーラスプリル硝安の粒度分布(重量%)
は、一定量のポーラスプリル硝安を篩目の異なる各種篩
を通し、各篩目毎の篩網上の残留分重量から測定され
る。Particle size distribution of porous prill ammonium nitrate (% by weight)
Is determined by passing a fixed amount of porous prill ammonium nitrate through various sieves having different meshes and the weight of the residue on the sieve mesh for each mesh.
【0020】ポーラスプリル硝安の硬度は、一定量のポ
ーラスプリル硝安の試料を硬度測定装置により一定の条
件で機械的に粉砕し、粉砕された量を計ることにより測
定される。測定に使用される装置は、試料注入用漏斗、
圧縮空気流入孔(内径4mm、長さ55mm)に接続し
た流送管(内径16mm、長さ175mm)、それら接
続部上部と漏斗を垂直に接続する試料注入管(内径12
mm、長さ52mm)及び流送管と垂直に接続した試料
粉砕管(内径50mm、長さ315mm)から構成され
ている。The hardness of porous prill ammonium nitrate is measured by mechanically crushing a certain amount of a sample of porous prill ammonium nitrate under a certain condition with a hardness measuring device and measuring the crushed amount. The device used for measurement is a funnel for sample injection,
A sending pipe (inner diameter 16 mm, length 175 mm) connected to a compressed air inflow hole (inner diameter 4 mm, length 55 mm), a sample injection pipe (inner diameter 12) that vertically connects the upper part of the connection part and the funnel.
mm, length 52 mm) and a sample crushing pipe (inner diameter 50 mm, length 315 mm) vertically connected to the delivery pipe.
【0021】35mesh篩で粉末を除去した試料のポ
ーラスプリル硝安100gを漏斗から試料注入管を通し
て流送管に落下注入し、流入孔から流入した圧縮空気
(4kg/cm2)により、試料を流送管を通して粉砕
管内壁に衝突させ試料硝安を粉化させる。流送後の試料
ポーラスプリル硝安を35meshで篩分けし、+35
mesh量(N)を秤量し、元の試料硝安100gに対
する粉化量の比率(%)として表示する。計算式は下記
(3)式の通り。
硬度(%)=100(g)−N(g) (3)100 g of porous prill ammonium nitrate as a sample from which powder was removed with a 35 mesh screen was dropped from a funnel through a sample injection tube and dropped into a flow tube, and the sample was flowed by compressed air (4 kg / cm 2 ) flowing from an inflow hole. The sample ammonium nitrate is pulverized by colliding with the inner wall of the crushing tube through the tube. After pouring, the sample porous prilled ammonium nitrate is sieved with 35 mesh to obtain +35
The mesh amount (N) is weighed and displayed as a ratio (%) of the powdered amount to 100 g of the original sample ammonium nitrate. The calculation formula is as the following formula (3). Hardness (%) = 100 (g) -N (g) (3)
【0022】本発明の爆薬組成物に用いられる燃料油と
しては、混合時に液体である燃料油を用いるのが好まし
い。使用し得る燃料としては軽油、灯油等の鉱物油、植
物油、動物油等が挙げられる。As the fuel oil used in the explosive composition of the present invention, it is preferable to use a fuel oil which is liquid when mixed. Examples of fuels that can be used include mineral oils such as light oil and kerosene, vegetable oils and animal oils.
【0023】この他、用途によってメチルアルコール、
エチルアルコール等のアルコール類、パラフィンワック
ス、マイクロクリスタリンワックス等のワックス類、ジ
ニトロトルエン、ジニトロキシレン等のニトロ化合物等
を燃料油として単独又は混合して用いることができる。
融点の高い燃料油は、それが液状になる温度以上で、ポ
ーラスプリル硝安と混合する事によって用いることがで
きる。本発明の爆薬組成物において燃料油の使用量は、
通常爆薬組成物全体の2.5〜25重量%、好ましくは
4〜10重量%を占める範囲である。In addition to this, methyl alcohol,
Alcohols such as ethyl alcohol, waxes such as paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax, and nitro compounds such as dinitrotoluene and dinitroxylene can be used alone or in combination as fuel oil.
Fuel oil having a high melting point can be used by mixing it with porous prill ammonium nitrate at a temperature above the temperature at which it becomes liquid. The amount of fuel oil used in the explosive composition of the present invention is
It is usually in the range of 2.5 to 25% by weight, preferably 4 to 10% by weight of the entire explosive composition.
【0024】本発明の爆薬組成物は、弾動振子値が55
〜90mm、好ましくは60〜85mmを示すものが好
ましい。更に本発明の爆薬組成物としては、外径30〜
50mm、厚さ1〜10mmの薬筒に装薬した場合の弾
動振子値が60〜90mm、好ましくは65〜90mm
を示すものが好ましい。更に本発明の爆薬組成物として
は、爆薬組成物70〜80gをブースター5〜10gで
起爆した場合の弾動振子値が50〜80mm、好ましく
は55〜80mmを示すものが好ましい。このような弾
動振子値とするには、通常嵩比重とポーラスプリル硝安
に混合する微小中空粒子の量を適宜調節して、組み合わ
せることが最も効果的である。The explosive composition of the present invention has an elastic pendulum value of 55.
Those having a thickness of up to 90 mm, preferably 60 to 85 mm are preferable. Further, the explosive composition of the present invention has an outer diameter of 30 to
The value of the elastic pendulum when loaded in a 50 mm thick drug cylinder having a thickness of 1 to 10 mm is 60 to 90 mm, preferably 65 to 90 mm.
Is preferable. Further, as the explosive composition of the present invention, one having an elastic pendulum value of 50 to 80 mm, preferably 55 to 80 mm when 70 to 80 g of the explosive composition is detonated by a booster of 5 to 10 g is preferable. In order to obtain such an elastic pendulum value, it is most effective to appropriately adjust the bulk specific gravity and the amount of fine hollow particles to be mixed with porous prill ammonium sulfate, and to combine them.
【0025】弾動振子値はJIS K−4810に規定
の方法に準じて測定される。詳しくは、爆薬を爆発させ
爆発生成ガスを発射する臼砲と、爆発生成ガスが入射さ
れる空孔を有する重さ5tの振子を用いる。径55m
m、深さ550mmの臼砲の装薬孔の奥に70〜100
gの爆薬、又は爆薬とペントライト、含水爆薬等のブー
スターを紙筒に装薬し、JIS Z−8801に規定の
標準ふるい1mmを通った粘土粉又は川砂1kgを径約
53mmのハトロン紙筒に詰めて込物とし、臼砲を振子
の前面50mmまで近づけて爆薬を雷管で直接、又はブ
ースターを介して起爆し、振子の振れをすべり尺で測定
する。The elastic pendulum value is measured according to the method specified in JIS K-4810. Specifically, a mortar that explodes explosives and emits an explosion-producing gas and a pendulum having a weight of 5 t and having a hole into which the explosion-producing gas is incident are used. Diameter 55m
m to 70 to 100 deep inside the charging hole of a mortar with a depth of 550 mm
g of explosives or explosives and pentolite, water-containing explosives, etc. are charged into a paper cylinder, and 1 kg of clay powder or river sand that has passed through the standard sieve 1 mm specified in JIS Z-8801 is put into a hatron paper cylinder with a diameter of about 53 mm. Pack it as an insert, bring the mortar closer to 50 mm in front of the pendulum, detonate the explosive directly with the detonator or via the booster, and measure the swing of the pendulum with a slide scale.
【0026】本発明の爆薬組成物の起爆感度は、火薬学
会規格ES−32(2)に規定の塩ビ雨どい試験に準じ
て判定される。詳しくは、外径60±2mm、長さ13
0±2mmの硬質塩化ビニル雨どいの一端をクラフト紙
で塞ぎ、粘着テープ等により管体に接着させ、開口端か
ら試料爆薬を入れて管口をクラフト紙で塞ぎ、同様に粘
着テープ等により管体に接着させる。管の一端の中心
に、電気雷管をその雷管体の上端が管の端面と同一面に
なるまで挿入し、管の他の一端の中心に長さ150〜3
00mmの第2種導爆線を管の端から30mm挿入す
る。砂上に横に置いて雷管を爆発させ、導爆線が爆発す
るかどうかを3回試験し、起爆感度について判定する。The detonation sensitivity of the explosive composition of the present invention is determined in accordance with the PVC rain gutter test specified in ES-32 (2) of the Society of Thermopharmacy. Specifically, outer diameter 60 ± 2mm, length 13
Close one end of a 0 ± 2 mm rigid vinyl chloride gutter with kraft paper, adhere it to the pipe body with adhesive tape, etc., put the sample explosive from the open end and close the mouth of the craft paper with kraft paper, and then use the adhesive tape etc. Adhere to the body. Insert the electric detonator into the center of one end of the tube until the upper end of the detonator is flush with the end face of the tube, and length 150 to 3 at the center of the other end of the tube.
A 00 mm type II detonator is inserted 30 mm from the end of the tube. Place it on the sand sideways to explode the detonator, test three times if the detonator detonates, and determine the detonation sensitivity.
【0027】本発明の爆薬組成物は、塩ビ雨どい試験に
おいて8号雷管で完爆し、好ましくは6号雷管で完爆し
ない起爆感度を示す。The explosive composition of the present invention exhibits a detonation sensitivity in which a No. 8 detonator completes an explosion, and preferably a No. 6 detonator does not complete an explosion in a PVC rain throat test.
【0028】固化サイクル試験は、下端を密閉・固定し
た内径50mmの塩ビ管に上部開口端から試料爆薬組成
物300gを入れた後、上部から2.7kgの荷重を掛
け、恒温恒湿機内に設置し、24時間を1サイクルとし
て温度20〜40℃、相対湿度40〜60%の範囲内で
変動させる。The solidification cycle test was carried out by placing 300 g of the sample explosive composition from the upper open end into a PVC pipe having an inner diameter of 50 mm and sealing and fixing the lower end, and then applying a load of 2.7 kg from the upper part and setting it in a thermo-hygrostat. Then, the temperature is changed to 20 to 40 ° C. and the relative humidity is set to 40 to 60% in a cycle of 24 hours.
【0029】次いで、試料爆薬を取り出し、長さ500
mmの棹を上下にのみ滑らかに動くようボルトナットで
固定された支柱が棹の端部に荷重を掛けても動かない台
上に設置された固化度測定機上の支柱から100mmの位
置に設置し、棹の端部に徐々に荷重を掛けていき、試料
爆薬の形状が崩れる荷重を読み取ることによって固化度
を測定する。従って、固化度が大きいほど強固に固化し
ているという評価になる。Next, the sample explosive was taken out and the length was set to 500.
A column fixed with bolts and nuts so that the mm pole moves smoothly only up and down does not move even if a load is applied to the end of the rod. It is installed on a table 100 mm from the column on the solidification degree measuring machine. Then, the load is gradually applied to the end of the rod, and the solidification degree is measured by reading the load at which the shape of the sample explosive collapses. Therefore, the higher the degree of solidification, the stronger the solidification.
【0030】本発明の爆薬組成物は、固化サイクル試験
における1サイクル後の固化度が、通常0.0〜5.0
kg、好ましくは0.0〜2.5kgを示すものが好ま
しい。更に2サイクル後の固化度が、0.0〜10.0
kg、好ましくは0.0〜7.5kgを示すものが好ま
しい。The explosive composition of the present invention has a solidification degree of usually 0.0 to 5.0 after one cycle in the solidification cycle test.
Those exhibiting kg, preferably 0.0 to 2.5 kg are preferred. The solidification degree after two more cycles is 0.0 to 10.0.
Those exhibiting kg, preferably 0.0 to 7.5 kg are preferred.
【0031】本発明の爆薬組成物は必要によって、静電
気発生防止の措置を施すことができる。例えば水溶性又
は油溶性の帯電防止剤(特開昭55−51794号、特
開平11−147784号、及び特開平11−2789
74号)として知られる各種界面活性剤や、デンプン類
(特開平10−291883号)、脂肪酸アミド(特開
平11−322481号)等の添加剤を加えることがで
きる。If necessary, the explosive composition of the present invention may be provided with a measure for preventing static electricity generation. For example, water-soluble or oil-soluble antistatic agents (JP-A-55-51794, JP-A-11-147784, and JP-A-11-2789).
No. 74), various additives such as starches (JP-A-10-291883), fatty acid amides (JP-A-11-322481) and the like can be added.
【0032】本発明の爆薬組成物は、必要によりポーラ
スプリル硝安以外の酸化剤、例えば硝酸カリウムや過塩
素酸塩、更には、木粉、アルミニウム粉のような粉末追
加燃料あるいは、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムのような増
粘安定剤(特開平8−295588号)、シラスバルー
ンのような比重調整材(特開平8−26877号)、ア
ンモニアガス抑制剤として知られる有機酸(特開平11
−79878号)、吸水剤(特開2000−16891
号、特開2000−327473号)等、他の添加剤を
加えることが可能である。If necessary, the explosive composition of the present invention contains an oxidizing agent other than porous prill ammonium nitrate, such as potassium nitrate or perchlorate, and additional powder fuel such as wood powder or aluminum powder, or sodium polyacrylate. Such a thickening stabilizer (JP-A-8-295588), a specific gravity adjusting material such as shirasu balloon (JP-A-8-26877), and an organic acid known as an ammonia gas inhibitor (JP-A-11-JP11).
No. 79798), a water absorbing agent (JP-A-2000-16891).
No. 2000-327473), it is possible to add other additives.
【0033】本発明の爆薬組成物は、ニーダーあるいは
回転ミキサーのような混合機で、ポーラスプリル硝安と
燃料油を必須の成分として、さらに必要によりその他の
添加剤を均一に混合することによって製造される。ま
た、撹拌、混合の機能を備えているならば、他の混合機
も使用可能である。The explosive composition of the present invention is produced by a mixer such as a kneader or a rotary mixer by uniformly mixing porous prill ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, and optionally other additives. It Also, other mixers can be used as long as they have the functions of stirring and mixing.
【0034】本発明の爆薬組成物は、ANFO爆薬の有
する本来の利点を損なうことなく、また、デッキ装薬の
必要もなく十分な装薬長が確保されると共に爆薬使用量
の著しい低減を可能にするという特徴を有し、また、夏
季等の高温高湿期においても固化を生じ難く、その低い
装填比重にも拘わらず現在使用されているANFO爆薬
に比べて同等若しくはより優れた破砕効果を示す低比重
・高威力のANFO爆薬である。The explosive composition of the present invention does not impair the original advantages of ANFO explosives, does not require a deck charge, and ensures a sufficient length of explosive and enables a significant reduction in explosive usage. In addition, it does not easily solidify even in high temperature and high humidity seasons such as summer, and despite its low loading specific gravity, it has a crushing effect equivalent to or better than that of currently used ANFO explosives. It is an ANFO explosive with low specific gravity and high power.
【0035】[0035]
【実施例】本発明を実施例を挙げてさらに詳しく説明す
るが、本発明がこれらの実施例のみに限定されるもので
はない。尚、実施例において部は重量部を示す。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, “part” means “part by weight”.
【0036】実施例A1
吸油率12.4%、嵩比重0.63、粒径2.36mm
以上及び0.98mm以下の粒径のものがそれぞれ、3
0.4重量%及び0.0重量%、硬度3.6%のポーラ
スプリル硝安94.7部(SASOL社製、樹脂微小中
空粒子含有割合0.16重量%)を室温のシグマ翼を備
えた横型ニーダーに移し、室温の2号軽油5.0部、脂
肪酸アミド(脂肪酸アマイドS:花王(株)製)0.3
部を添加し、1分当たり80回転の速度で5分間混合
し、本発明の爆薬組成物100部を得た。この爆薬組成
物90gを外径40mm、厚さ5mmの紙筒に装薬して
8号雷管で起爆したときの弾動振子値は、69mmであ
った。Example A1 Oil absorption rate 12.4%, bulk specific gravity 0.63, particle size 2.36 mm
3 and above and 0.98 mm and below
A sigma blade of 0.4 wt% and 0.0 wt%, and 94.7 parts of porous prilled ammonium nitrate having a hardness of 3.6% (manufactured by SASOL, containing resin fine hollow particles 0.16 wt%) was provided at room temperature. Transfer to a horizontal kneader, room temperature No. 2 light oil 5.0 parts, fatty acid amide (fatty acid amide S: Kao Corporation) 0.3
Parts were added and mixed at a speed of 80 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes to obtain 100 parts of the explosive composition of the present invention. When 90 g of this explosive composition was charged into a paper cylinder having an outer diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 5 mm and the detonator was detonated with a No. 8 detonator, the pendulum value was 69 mm.
【0037】実施例A2
吸油率17.8%、嵩比重0.57、粒径2.36mm
以上及び0.98mm以下の粒径のものがそれぞれ、1
9.6重量%及び0.6重量%、硬度9.3%のポーラ
スプリル硝安84.7部(SASOL社製、樹脂微小中
空粒子含有割合0.19重量%)とその粉砕品10.0
部を室温のコンクリートミキサーに移し、室温の2号軽
油5.1部、塩化ジメチルジアリルアンモニウム・アク
リルアミド共重合体の20%水溶液(カヤクリルレジン
EC−315:日本化薬(株)製)0.2部を添加し、
1分当たり100回転の速度で3分間混合し、本発明の
爆薬組成物100部を得た。この爆薬組成物80gを外
径50mm、厚さ5mmの紙筒に装薬して、含水爆薬
(アルテックス:日本化薬(株)製)10gをブースタ
ーとして6号雷管で起爆したときの弾動振子値は、72
mmであった。Example A2 Oil absorption rate 17.8%, bulk specific gravity 0.57, particle size 2.36 mm
1 and above and below 0.98 mm
84.7 parts of porous prill ammonium nitrate 9.6% by weight and 0.6% by weight, hardness 9.3% (manufactured by SASOL, resin fine hollow particle content ratio 0.19% by weight) and its crushed product 10.0
Part was transferred to a concrete mixer at room temperature, and 5.1 parts of room temperature No. 2 light oil and a 20% aqueous solution of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride / acrylamide copolymer (Kayacryl resin EC-315: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.). Add 2 parts,
Mixing for 3 minutes at a speed of 100 revolutions per minute gave 100 parts of the explosive composition of the present invention. 80 g of this explosive composition is loaded into a paper cylinder having an outer diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, and 10 g of a water-containing explosive (Altex: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) as a booster is used as a booster to detonate a No. 6 detonator. The pendulum value is 72
It was mm.
【0038】比較例1
吸油率16.0%、嵩比重0.71、粒径2.36mm
以上及び0.98mm以下の粒径のものがそれぞれ、
0.0重量%及び0.1重量%、硬度15.5%のポー
ラスプリル硝安(特開平8−259365号に記載の微
小中空粒子を含有しないポーラスプリル硝安)92.0
部を室温のシグマ翼を備えた横型ニーダーに移し、ポリ
オキシエチレンオキシプロピレングリコール(アデカプ
ルロニックL−121:旭電化工業(株)製)0.2部
を溶解した室温の2号軽油7.8部を添加し、1分当た
り80回転の速度で5分間混合し、比較用の爆薬組成物
100部を得た。この爆薬組成物100gを外径40m
m、厚さ5mmの紙筒に装薬して8号雷管で起爆したと
きの弾動振子値は、69mmであった。この爆薬組成物
の塩ビ雨どい試験における起爆感度は、8号雷管での完
爆率が0/3、固化サイクル試験における1及び2サイ
クル後の固化度は、それぞれ6.3及び11.2kgで
あった。Comparative Example 1 Oil absorption rate 16.0%, bulk specific gravity 0.71, particle size 2.36 mm
Above and below 0.98 mm, respectively
92.0% by weight and 0.1% by weight, and hardness of 15.5% Porous prill ammonium nitrate (Ammonia porous prill ammonium nitrate described in JP-A-8-259365).
Part was transferred to a horizontal kneader equipped with a sigma blade at room temperature, and room temperature No. 2 diesel oil 7.8 in which 0.2 part of polyoxyethyleneoxypropylene glycol (Adeka Pluronic L-121: Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was dissolved. Parts were added and mixed for 5 minutes at a speed of 80 revolutions per minute to give 100 parts of explosive composition for comparison. 100 g of this explosive composition has an outer diameter of 40 m
The value of the elastic pendulum was 69 mm when a paper cylinder having a thickness of 5 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was charged and detonated with a No. 8 detonator. The detonation sensitivity of this explosive composition in the PVC rain throat test is 0/3 for the complete detonation rate at No. 8 detonator, and the solidification degrees after 1 and 2 cycles in the solidification cycle test are 6.3 and 11.2 kg, respectively. there were.
【0039】比較例2(特開平11−278974号に
記載の爆薬)
吸油率10.5%、嵩比重0.76、粒径2.36mm
以上及び0.98mm以下の粒径のものがそれぞれ、
0.0重量%及び2.0重量%、硬度12.0%の微小
中空粒子を含有しないポーラスプリル硝安93.7部を
室温のシグマ翼を備えた横型ニーダーに移し、ポリオキ
シエチレンアルキルエーテル(エマルゲン108:花王
(株)製)0.3部を溶解した室温の2号軽油6.0部
を添加し、1分当たり70回転の速度で3分間混合し、
比較用の爆薬組成物100部を得た。この爆薬組成物9
0gを外径40mm、厚さ5mmの紙筒に装薬して、含
水爆薬(アルテックス:日本化薬(株)製)10gをブ
ースターとして6号雷管で起爆したときの弾動振子値
は、52mmであった。この爆薬組成物の塩ビ雨どい試
験における起爆感度は、8号雷管での完爆率が0/3、
固化サイクル試験における1及び2サイクル後の固化度
は、それぞれ2.0及び6.0kgであった。Comparative Example 2 (Explosive described in JP-A-11-278974) Oil absorption rate 10.5%, bulk specific gravity 0.76, particle size 2.36 mm
Above and below 0.98 mm, respectively
93.7 parts of porous prilled ammonium sulfate containing 0.0% by weight and 2.0% by weight and hardness of 12.0% and containing no fine hollow particles were transferred to a horizontal kneader equipped with a sigma blade at room temperature, and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether ( (Emulgen 108: Kao Co., Ltd.) 0.3 parts of room temperature No. 2 light oil 6.0 parts was added and mixed for 3 minutes at a speed of 70 rpm,
100 parts of a comparative explosive composition were obtained. This explosive composition 9
The ballistic pendulum value when 0 g was charged into a paper cylinder having an outer diameter of 40 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, and 10 g of water-containing explosive (Altex: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) was used as a booster to detonate with No. 6 detonator, It was 52 mm. The detonation sensitivity of this explosive composition in a PVC rain throat test is that the complete detonation rate with a No. 8 detonator is 0/3,
The solidification degree after 1 and 2 cycles in the solidification cycle test was 2.0 and 6.0 kg, respectively.
【0040】性能試験(A)
(1)爆速試験
実施例A1〜A2及び比較例1〜2で得られた各爆薬組
成物を内径35mm、厚さ3.5mmの鋼管中に200
g流し込み、40gのペントライトをブースターとして
6号雷管で起爆し、爆速を測定した。Performance Test (A) (1) Explosion Velocity Test Each of the explosive compositions obtained in Examples A1 and A2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was put in a steel pipe having an inner diameter of 35 mm and a thickness of 3.5 mm to give 200
Then, 40 g of the pentolite was used as a booster to detonate the No. 6 detonator, and the detonation speed was measured.
【0041】(2)起爆感度試験
実施例A1〜A2及び比較例1〜2で得られた各爆薬組
成物を火薬学会規格ES−32(2)で規定されている
塩ビ雨どい試験において6号雷管で起爆した。(2) Initiation Sensitivity Test Each of the explosive compositions obtained in Examples A1 and A2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was subjected to No. 6 in the PVC rain gutter test specified in the ES-32 (2) of the Thermopharmacy Society. I detonated with a detonator.
【0042】これらの試験結果を表A1に示す。The results of these tests are shown in Table A1.
【0043】[0043]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0044】実規模発破試験
実施例A1〜A2及び比較例1〜2で得られた各爆薬組
成物を実規模の石灰鉱山ベンチ切羽において一定の発破
条件で発破し、起砕鉱量、起砕粒度及び根切れの状態を
観測することによって破砕効果を評価した。Full Scale Blasting Test Each of the explosive compositions obtained in Examples A1 and A2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was blasted under constant blasting conditions in a full scale lime mine bench face, and the amount of crushed ore and crushed grains were measured. The crushing effect was evaluated by observing the degree and the state of root cutting.
【0045】これらの発破条件及び結果を表A2に示
す。The blasting conditions and the results are shown in Table A2.
【0046】[0046]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0047】比較例2の爆薬に比べて、嵩比重が小さ
く、同条件での弾動振子値が著しく大きい比較例1の爆
薬は、高い爆速値を示す共に、装薬長は同等で装薬量が
10%低減された状態でのベンチ発破において、所定の
鉱量を起砕し、起砕粒度及び根切れについても良好であ
ることが分かる。これら比較例に対して、更に嵩比重が
小さく、少薬量にも拘わらず弾動振子値が同等若しくは
それ以上である実施例A1〜A2の本発明の爆薬組成物
は、更に高い爆速値を示すものの起爆感度は6号雷管で
不完爆(塩ビ法)であり、ANFO爆薬本来の優れた取
扱性が損なわれないことが確認される。また、実規模ベ
ンチ発破においても、装薬長は同等で装薬量が比較例1
に比べて約11%減、比較例2に比べると20%減であ
るにも拘わらず、起砕鉱量、起砕粒度及び根切れの何れ
についても同等であり、本発明の爆薬組成物は高威力で
優れた破砕効果を示すと同時に効率的な爆薬使用量の低
減が可能であるという特性を有することが明らかであ
る。Compared to the explosive of Comparative Example 2, the explosive of Comparative Example 1 has a small bulk specific gravity and a remarkably large elastic pendulum value under the same conditions. It can be seen that in bench blasting with the amount reduced by 10%, a predetermined amount of ore was crushed, and the crushed grain size and root cutting were also good. Compared to these comparative examples, the explosive compositions of Examples A1 and A2 of the present invention, which have a smaller bulk specific gravity and have the same or more elastic pendulum value in spite of a small dose, have a higher detonation value. As shown, the detonation sensitivity was an incomplete detonation with the No. 6 detonator (PVC method), confirming that the original excellent handleability of ANFO explosives is not impaired. In addition, even in the case of blasting a full-scale bench, the charge length was the same and the charge amount was Comparative Example 1.
Although it is about 11% less than that of Comparative Example 2 and 20% less than that of Comparative Example 2, the amount of crushed ore, crushed particle size and root cutting are all the same, and the explosive composition of the present invention is It is clear that it has the characteristics that it exhibits a high crushing effect with high power and at the same time can efficiently reduce the amount of explosive used.
【0048】実施例B1
実施例A2と同じポーラスプリル硝安84.0部とその
粉砕品10.0部を室温のコンクリートミキサーに移
し、室温の2号軽油6.0部を添加し、1分当たり10
0回転の速度で3分間混合し、本発明の爆薬組成物10
0部を得た。この爆薬組成物の塩ビ雨どい試験における
起爆感度は、8号雷管での完爆率が3/3、固化サイク
ル試験における1及び2サイクル後の固化度は、それぞ
れ1.2及び5.5kgであった。Example B1 84.0 parts of the same porous prilled ammonium nitrate as in Example A2 and 10.0 parts of the crushed product were transferred to a concrete mixer at room temperature, 6.0 parts of room temperature No. 2 light oil was added, and per minute 10
The explosive composition 10 of the present invention was mixed for 3 minutes at a speed of 0 revolutions.
I got 0 copies. The detonation sensitivity of this explosive composition in the PVC rain throat test was as follows: the complete detonation rate at No. 8 detonator was 3/3, and the solidification degrees after 1 and 2 cycles in the solidification cycle test were 1.2 and 5.5 kg, respectively. there were.
【0049】実施例B2
実施例A1と同じ爆薬組成物につき、塩ビ雨どい試験に
おける起爆感度を測定したところ、8号雷管での完爆率
が3/3であり、また、固化サイクル試験における1及
び2サイクル後の固化度は、それぞれ0.1及び1.5
kgであった。Example B2 With respect to the same explosive composition as in Example A1, the initiation sensitivity in a PVC rain throat test was measured. As a result, the complete explosion rate at No. 8 detonator was 3/3, and 1 in the solidification cycle test. And the solidification degree after 2 cycles is 0.1 and 1.5, respectively.
It was kg.
【0050】実施例B3
実施例A1と同じポーラスプリル硝安94.7部を室温
のシグマ翼を備えた横型ニーダーに移し、室温の2号軽
油5.1部、塩化ジメチルジアリルアンモニウム・アク
リルアミド共重合体の20%水溶液(カヤクリルレジン
EC−315:日本化薬(株)製)0.2部を添加し、
1分当たり80回転の速度で5分間混合し、本発明の爆
薬組成物100部を得た。この爆薬組成物の塩ビ雨どい
試験における起爆感度は、8号雷管での完爆率が3/
3、固化サイクル試験における1及び2サイクル後の固
化度は、それぞれ1.0及び5.8kgであった。Example B3 94.7 parts of the same porous prill ammonium nitrate as in Example A1 was transferred to a horizontal kneader equipped with a sigma blade at room temperature, and 5.1 parts of room temperature No. 2 gas oil and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride-acrylamide copolymer were used. Of 20% aqueous solution (Kayacryl resin EC-315: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)
The mixture was mixed at a speed of 80 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes to obtain 100 parts of the explosive composition of the present invention. The detonation sensitivity of this explosive composition in a PVC rain throat test is as follows:
3. The solidification degree after 1 and 2 cycles in the solidification cycle test was 1.0 and 5.8 kg, respectively.
【0051】性能試験(B)
(1)爆速試験
実施例B1〜B3、比較例1〜2で得られた各爆薬組成
物を内径35mm、厚さ3.5mmの鋼管中に200g
流し込み、40gのペントライトをブースターとして6
号雷管で起爆し、爆速を測定した。Performance Test (B) (1) Explosion Velocity Test 200 g of each explosive composition obtained in Examples B1 to B3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 was put in a steel pipe having an inner diameter of 35 mm and a thickness of 3.5 mm.
Pour, 40g Pentlite as booster 6
The detonator was detonated and the detonation speed was measured.
【0052】(2)弾動振子試験
実施例B1〜B3で得られた各爆薬組成物を内径30m
m、厚さ5.0mmの紙管中に90g流し込み、8号雷
管で起爆し、弾動振子値を測定した。比較例1〜2で得
られた各爆薬組成物を同様の紙管中に90g流し込み、
10gの含水爆薬(アルテックス:日本化薬(株)製)
をブースターとして6号雷管で起爆し、弾動振子値を測
定した。(2) Elastic Pendulum Test Each explosive composition obtained in Examples B1 to B3 was treated with an inner diameter of 30 m.
90 g was poured into a paper tube having a thickness of 5.0 mm and a thickness of 5.0 mm, and a detonator No. 8 was detonated to measure the elastic pendulum value. 90 g of each explosive composition obtained in Comparative Examples 1-2 was poured into a similar paper tube,
10 g of water-containing explosive (Altex: manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)
Was used as a booster to detonate with a No. 6 detonator, and the pendulum value was measured.
【0053】実用評価試験
実施例B1〜B3及び比較例1〜2で得られた各爆薬組
成物20kgを重袋に収袋したものを木製パレット上に
7段積みにし、火薬庫内に1ヶ月間静置させた後、最下
段の重袋を開封して各爆薬組成物の固化状況を観察・評
価した。試験期間中の庫内温度は22〜35℃であっ
た。Practical Evaluation Tests 20 kg of each explosive composition obtained in Examples B1 to B3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 was placed in a heavy bag, and stacked in 7 layers on a wooden pallet for 1 month in the explosive chamber. After allowing to stand for a while, the bottom heavy bag was opened and the solidified state of each explosive composition was observed and evaluated. The temperature in the refrigerator during the test period was 22 to 35 ° C.
【0054】これらの試験結果を表B1に示す。なお、
実施例B1〜B3及び比較例1〜2において示した8号
雷管での完爆率及び固化サイクル試験における固化度に
ついても表B1にまとめて示す。The results of these tests are shown in Table B1. In addition,
Table B1 also shows the complete explosion rate and the degree of solidification in the solidification cycle test for the No. 8 detonator shown in Examples B1 to B3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
【0055】[0055]
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0056】比較例2の爆薬組成物に比べて、嵩比重が
小さいため装薬長は同等で装薬量が10%低減可能であ
り、同様に塩ビ雨どい試験において8号雷管で完爆せ
ず、また固化サイクル試験における固化度の大きい比較
例1の爆薬組成物は、高い爆速を示すと共に、同条件で
の弾動振子値が著しく大きいが、固化を生じ難くする帯
電防止剤を含有しているにも拘わらず、実用評価試験に
おいて固化が発生し、流動性を得るには手で解す等、適
当な処置を施す必要のあることが分かる。この低比重・
高威力である比較例1の爆薬組成物に対して、更に嵩比
重が小さく、従って装薬長は同等で更に装薬量が10%
低減可能であり、塩ビ雨どい試験において8号雷管で完
爆する、また固化サイクル試験における固化度が比較例
2の爆薬組成物と比べて小さい実施例B1〜B3の本発
明の爆薬組成物は、更に高い爆速を示すと共に、少薬量
にも拘わらず弾動振子値が同等若しくはそれ以上であ
り、実用評価試験においても固化の発生は観測されず、
従ってANFO系爆薬本来の優れた取扱性が損なわれな
いことが確認される。すなわち、本発明の爆薬組成物
は、高威力で優れた破砕効果及び仕事効果を示すと同時
に効率的な爆薬使用量の低減が可能であり、夏季におい
ても固化し難く、従来のANFO系爆薬同様、取扱性に
優れるという特性を有することが明らかである。Compared to the explosive composition of Comparative Example 2, since the bulk specific gravity is small, the length of charge is the same and the amount of charge can be reduced by 10%. In addition, the explosive composition of Comparative Example 1 having a high degree of solidification in the solidification cycle test showed a high detonation speed and contained an antistatic agent that made the solidification less likely to occur although the elastic pendulum value under the same conditions was remarkably large. However, it can be seen that solidification occurs in the practical evaluation test, and it is necessary to take an appropriate measure such as disassembling by hand to obtain fluidity. This low specific gravity
Compared to the explosive composition of Comparative Example 1, which has high power, the bulk specific gravity is smaller, and therefore the length of the charge is the same and the amount of the charge is 10%.
The explosive compositions of the present invention of Examples B1 to B3 that can be reduced and have a complete explosion with a No. 8 detonator in a PVC rain throat test and have a smaller degree of solidification in a solidification cycle test than the explosive composition of Comparative Example 2 , With a higher detonation speed, the elastic pendulum value was equal to or higher than the low dose, and no solidification was observed in the practical evaluation test.
Therefore, it is confirmed that the original excellent handling property of ANFO explosives is not impaired. That is, the explosive composition of the present invention exhibits a high crushing effect and an excellent work effect, and at the same time can efficiently reduce the amount of explosive used, is hard to solidify even in the summer, and is similar to the conventional ANFO explosives. It is clear that it has the property of being easy to handle.
【0057】[0057]
【発明の効果】本発明の爆薬組成物は、起爆感度が低い
ため、従来のANFO爆薬と同様に取扱うことが可能で
あり、従来のANFO爆薬に比べ、また近年普及しつつ
ある低比重・高威力のANFO爆薬に比べてもより高威
力で破砕効果に優れ、且つ装薬作業の煩雑化を招くこと
なく連続装薬により容易に装薬長が確保される。更に本
発明の爆薬組成物は、爆薬使用量を著しく低減すること
ができ、また、夏季等の高温高湿期においても固化し難
い特性を有する。Since the explosive composition of the present invention has a low detonation sensitivity, it can be handled in the same manner as conventional ANFO explosives. Compared to the powerful ANFO explosive, it is more powerful and has an excellent crushing effect, and the length of the charge can be easily secured by continuous charge without complicating the charge work. Furthermore, the explosive composition of the present invention has properties that it can significantly reduce the amount of explosive used and that it is hard to solidify even in high temperature and high humidity seasons such as summer.
Claims (9)
0.50〜0.65であり微小中空粒子を含有するポー
ラスプリル硝酸アンモニウム及び燃料油を必須成分とし
て含有することを特徴とする爆薬組成物。1. Porous ammonium prill nitrate containing fine hollow particles having an oil absorption of 10.0 to 20.0% and a bulk specific gravity of 0.50 to 0.65, and fuel oil are contained as essential components. And an explosive composition.
1記載の爆薬組成物。2. The explosive composition according to claim 1, which has an elastic pendulum value of 55 to 90 mm.
薬筒に装薬したときの弾動振子値が60〜90mmであ
る請求項1または2に記載の爆薬組成物。3. The explosive composition according to claim 1, which has an elastic pendulum value of 60 to 90 mm when it is charged in a drug cylinder having an outer diameter of 30 to 50 mm and a thickness of 1 to 10 mm.
10gで起爆したときの弾動振子値が50〜80mmで
ある請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の爆薬組成
物。4. Explosive composition 70-80 g, booster 5
The explosive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which has an elastic pendulum value of 50 to 80 mm when detonated at 10 g.
径2.36mm以上のもの及び0.98mm以下のもの
がそれぞれ5.0重量%以上及び1.0重量%以下の割
合で含有される請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の
爆薬組成物。5. The whole porous prill ammonium nitrate having a particle size of 2.36 mm or more and a particle size of 0.98 mm or less is contained in a proportion of 5.0% by weight or more and 1.0% by weight or less, respectively. 5. The explosive composition according to any one of items 1 to 4.
0.5〜10.0%である請求項1乃至5のいずれか1
項に記載の爆薬組成物。6. The hardness of porous prill ammonium nitrate is 0.5-10.0%.
The explosive composition according to the item.
中空粒子の含有濃度が0.10〜0.25重量%である
請求項1乃至(6)のいずれか1項に記載の爆薬組成
物。7. The explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the fine hollow particles in the porous prill ammonium nitrate is 0.10 to 0.25% by weight.
ることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記
載の爆薬組成物。8. The explosive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which has a complete explosion with a No. 8 detonator in a PVC rain gutter test.
固化度が0.0〜5.0kgである請求項1乃至8のい
ずれか1項に記載の爆薬組成物。9. The explosive composition according to claim 1, which has a solidification degree of 0.0 to 5.0 kg after one cycle in a solidification cycle test.
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JP2002270115A JP2003176195A (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2002-09-17 | Explosive composition |
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JP2001307473 | 2001-10-03 | ||
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JP2001307437 | 2001-10-03 | ||
JP2001-307437 | 2001-10-03 | ||
JP2002270115A JP2003176195A (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2002-09-17 | Explosive composition |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006256927A (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-28 | Chugoku Kayaku Kk | Ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive |
JP2011168458A (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2011-09-01 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | Explosive composition |
RU2793206C1 (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2023-03-30 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Глобал Майнинг Эксплозив - Раша" | Cartridge with modifying additives for manufacture of granular industrial explosive compositions at the blasting site and a method for manual manufacture of aluminum-containing granulite (embodiments) |
-
2002
- 2002-09-17 JP JP2002270115A patent/JP2003176195A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006256927A (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-28 | Chugoku Kayaku Kk | Ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive |
JP4677257B2 (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2011-04-27 | 中国化薬株式会社 | Sodium nitrate explosive |
JP2011168458A (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2011-09-01 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | Explosive composition |
RU2793206C1 (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2023-03-30 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Глобал Майнинг Эксплозив - Раша" | Cartridge with modifying additives for manufacture of granular industrial explosive compositions at the blasting site and a method for manual manufacture of aluminum-containing granulite (embodiments) |
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