JP2003172440A - Synchronizer lubricating mechanism for transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lubricating mechanism for sufficiently lubricating predetermined portions of a synchronizer. <P>SOLUTION: A lateral inner hole 15a and a vertical inner hole 15b are formed in a driving shaft 14 of a transmission, and the lateral inner hole 15a extends to the axial direction of the driving shaft 14 with its end open into a transmission case and the vertical inner hole 15b extends to the radial direction in communication with the inner end of the lateral inner hole 15a and opens in proximity to the synchronizer 27. An lubricating oil introduced into the lateral inner hole 15a is injected in proximity to the synchronizer 27 through the vertical inner hole 15b with the action of centrifugal force during rotation of the driving shaft 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lubricating mechanism for a synchronizing device in a transmission.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one type of transmission for an automobile, a gear train for a plurality of shift stages is provided between a drive shaft and a driven shaft parallel to the drive shaft in a transmission case, and a gear train for the driven shaft is provided. There is a type of transmission with a synchronizer.

In the transmission of this type, sufficient consideration is given to lubrication of each gear train, but consideration is also given to lubrication between the synchronizer ring and the tapered cone surface of the gear piece during idle rotation of the synchronizer. In particular, the portion of the synchronizer where lubrication is required is a portion where the lubricating oil in the mission case is difficult to be introduced, and therefore it is necessary to employ a lubricating means and a lubricating mechanism suitable for this.

[0004]

However, in the transmission of this type, the size and shape of the transmission case, the positional relationship between the drive shaft and the driven shaft, the size and positional relationship between the gears forming the gear train, and the synchronization device. The size and layout may differ, and in these cases,
The actual situation is that we are having difficulty with the lubrication means and lubrication mechanism that should be adopted.

FIG. 4 shows the most commonly used lubricating means as the lubricating means of the synchronizer. The lubrication means is applied when the gear train 2 adjacent to the synchronizer 1 is composed of a driven gear 2a having a relatively large diameter and a driving gear 2b having a relatively small diameter, and the gear of the driving gear 2b. The width is expanded to the side where the synchronizer 1 is arranged, and the lubricating oil in the mission case that is lifted up by the drive gear 2b is removed from the synchronizer 1
It functions to guide between the synchronizer ring 1a and the tapered cone surface of the gear piece 1b.

However, in the lubricating means, the gear train 2 adjacent to the synchronizer 1 has a relatively large driven gear 2 having a large diameter.
It is limited to the case where it is configured by a and the drive gear 2b having a small diameter, and cannot be adopted when the driven gear 2a has a relatively small diameter and the drive gear 2b has a large diameter.

The gear train is composed of a driven gear of a relatively small diameter and a driving gear of a large diameter, as well as a driven gear of a large diameter and a driving gear of a small diameter. Even in this case, when the drive gears of the gear trains on both sides of the gear train have a larger diameter than the drive gears of the gear train, the level of the lubricating oil around the gear train has two points in FIG. There is a possibility that the state of the chain line is exhibited and the amount of the lubricating oil lifted up by the drive gear of the gear train is regulated, resulting in insufficient lubrication between the synchronizer ring and the tapered cone surface of the gear piece in the synchronizer.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to sufficiently lubricate the necessary parts of the synchronizer even in the transmission of the type in which the level of the lubricating oil around the gear train is low as in the conventional transmission shown in FIG. Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubrication mechanism for a synchronizer that can be used.

[0009]

The present invention relates to a lubricating mechanism for a synchronizing device in a transmission, and more particularly, to a plurality of gear shifts between a drive shaft and a driven shaft parallel to the drive shaft in a transmission case. The present invention relates to a lubrication mechanism for a transmission having a gear train for stages and a synchronizing device on the driven shaft.

Therefore, the lubrication mechanism according to the present invention is provided with the horizontal inner hole and the vertical inner hole formed in the drive shaft, and the horizontal inner hole extends in the axial direction of the drive shaft and has a tip end. A portion is opened in the mission case, and the vertical inner hole is communicated with an inner end portion of the horizontal inner hole, extends in the radial direction, and opens in the vicinity of the synchronizer. It is a thing.

In the lubricating mechanism according to the present invention, the lateral inner hole has a shape extending toward the inner end portion in alignment with the axis of the drive shaft, or is inclined from the axis of the drive shaft. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the shape extends to the end side.

Further, in the lubrication mechanism according to the present invention,
A configuration in which the lateral inner hole is opened to an oil reservoir provided in the mission case, and an oil receiver is provided at a tip end portion of the lateral inner hole, and the oil receiver is positioned in the oil reservoir. Can be taken.

[0013]

According to the lubrication mechanism of the present invention,
Lubricating oil raked up by each drive gear on the drive shaft
The lubricating oil flowing into the lateral inner hole from the tip of the lateral inner hole formed in the drive shaft and flowing into the lateral inner hole communicates with the lateral inner hole by the action of the centrifugal force generated when the drive shaft rotates. It is injected in the vicinity of the synchronizer through the longitudinal bore. Lubricating oil sprayed in the vicinity of the synchronizer is supplied to the portion of the synchronizer that requires lubrication,
In particular, lubricate between the synchronizer ring of the synchronizer, which is difficult to lubricate, and the tapered cone surface of the gear piece.

The lubricating mechanism according to the present invention can take various forms of configuration, for example, a configuration in which the lateral inner hole is aligned with the axis of the drive shaft and extends toward the inner end portion. However, instead of this, when a configuration is adopted in which the lateral inner hole is inclined from the axis of the drive shaft and extends toward the inner end side, the injection amount of lubricating oil from the longitudinal inner hole is increased. There is an advantage that can be.

Further, in the lubrication mechanism, the tip of the lateral inner hole is opened to an oil reservoir provided in the transmission case, and further, an oil receiver is provided at the tip of the lateral inner hole to provide the oil. If the receiver is located in the oil sump, it is possible to further increase the amount of the skimmed lubricating oil introduced into the horizontal bore, and to increase the amount of lubricating oil injected from the vertical bore. There is.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a transmission of the type to which the present invention is applied. The transmission is a transmission T1 for five-speed transmission, which is rotatably supported by the transmission case 11 and faces the inside of the transmission case 12, and rotatably supported by the transmission case 11 and coaxial with the input shaft 12. The output shaft 13 that is rotatably and rotatably connected to each other and that is positioned in the mission case 11, and the counter shaft 14 that is rotatably supported by the mission case 11 and that is positioned in parallel with the output shaft 13 in the mission case 11. I have it.

The transmission T1 has a transmission case 11 in which a first gear train 21, a second gear train 22, a third gear train 23, a fourth gear train 24 and a fifth gear train 2 are arranged.
5 and a reverse gear train R, and the first, second, third and fourth synchronizers 26,
27, 28, 29 are provided. Furthermore, the transmission T1 includes a gear shift operation mechanism 30 in the transmission case 11.

The shapes and structures of the shafts 12 to 14, the gear trains 22 to 25, R, the synchronizers 26 to 29, and the speed change operation mechanism 30 which constitute the transmission T1.
The layout relationship is known, and the transmission T1
Operates as described below.

That is, in the transmission T1, the driving force from the engine is transmitted to the counter shaft 14 via the input shaft 12. Further, each of the output gears 21a to 25a, Ra, which is a driven gear forming each of the gear trains 21 to 25, R, is rotatably assembled to the output shaft 12, and these gears are coupled to the output shaft 12. The uncoupling is performed by the operation of each of the synchronization devices 26 to 29. The operation of each of the synchronizers 26 to 29 is performed by operating the shift operating lever 31 that constitutes the gear shift operating mechanism 30. If the shift operating lever 31 is operated to a desired gear position, the fork shaft 32 and the fork shaft The shift forks 33a to 33d assembled on the 32 are operated.

Therefore, in the transmission T1, the driving force from the engine is applied to the input shaft 12
Is transmitted to the counter shaft 14 via
The counter shaft 14 rotates and each gear train 21-2
5, counter gear 21b, which is a drive gear constituting R
25b, Rb, and each of the out put gears 21a to 25a, Rb meshing with them (via an idler gear (not shown)).

In this state, when the shift operation lever 31 constituting the gear shift operation mechanism 30 is operated to shift, the respective synchronizing devices 26 to 29 are selectively operated. Each synchronization device 26-2
9 selectively performs a synchronous operation with respect to each of the out put gears 21a to 25a and Ra to output each of the out put gear 21.
A to 25a and Ra are selectively connected to and released from the output shaft 12.

As a result, the output shaft 13
Rotates according to the shift speed selected by the shift operation of the shift operation lever 31, and outputs the driving force. While the counter shaft 14 is rotating, the synchronizer, which is disengaged from the out put gear, is idle.

The counter gears 21b to 25b, Rb on the counter shaft 14 scoop up the lubricating oil located at the bottom of the transmission case 11, and the lubricating oil scattered in the transmission case 11 is transmitted to the transmission T1.
The lubricating oil that lubricates the respective constituent parts and is received by an oil receiver (not shown) provided in the transmission case 11 is supplied to predetermined constituent parts to lubricate the constituent parts. The two-dot chain line in the figure schematically shows the level of the lubricating oil when the counter shaft 14 rotates.

Therefore, the present invention is applied to the transmission T1, and the lubrication mechanism 15 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG.
The counter shaft 14 includes a horizontal inner hole 15a, a vertical inner hole 15b, and an oil receiver 15c. The lateral inner hole 15a extends in the axial direction of the counter shaft 14, and its tip portion opens into the mission case 11, and the vertical inner hole 15b communicates with the inner end portion of the lateral inner hole 15a. However, it extends in the radial direction and opens in the vicinity of the synchronizer 27. Lateral inner hole 15a
Of the counter shaft 14 extend concentrically with the center of the counter shaft 14, and the vertical inner hole 15b extends in the radial direction orthogonal to the horizontal inner hole 15a. The oil receiver 15c is a trough-like member having a substantially L shape, and is connected to a tip end opening portion of the lateral inner hole 15a of the counter shaft 14 and faces an oil reservoir 15d provided in the mission case 11.

The lubrication mechanism 1 for the transmission T1
In the transmission T2 configured by adding 5, the lubricating oil at the bottom of the transmission case 11 is lifted up by the rotation of the counter gears 21b to 25b and Rb on the counter shaft 14 when the counter shaft 14 rotates. The fried lubricating oil scatters in the mission case 11 to lubricate each component. Further, a part of the lubricating oil scattered in the mission case 11 is received by an oil receiver (not shown) provided in the mission case 11 and supplied to a predetermined component part to lubricate the component part.

When the lubricating oil is lifted up by the counter gears 21b to 25b and Rb, the lubricating oil at the bottom of the transmission case 11 exhibits the same level as the two-dot chain line in FIG. The supply of lubricating oil to the synchronizer 27 will be reduced. However, in the transmission T2, the lubrication mechanism 15 functions to compensate for the insufficient supply of lubricating oil to the synchronizer 27.

That is, in the lubrication mechanism 15,
A part of the lubricating oil scooped up by each of the counter gears 21b to 25b and Rb is supplied to the oil sump 15d and is received by the oil receiver 15c. The lubricating oil sequentially received is provided on the counter shaft 14. The counter shaft 14 while flowing into the lateral inner hole 15a.
Due to the action of centrifugal force generated during rotation of the
It is injected in the vicinity of the synchronizer 27 through the vertical inner hole 15b communicating with a.

Lubricating oil injected near the synchronizer 27 is introduced into each portion of the synchronizer 27 that needs lubrication, and the synchronizer ring 27a, the inner rings 27b and 27c, and the gear piece that are particularly difficult to lubricate. Lubricate sufficiently between the taper cone surfaces of 27d.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the lubricating mechanism according to the present invention. The lubrication mechanism 15A is substantially the same as the lubrication mechanism 15 of the above-described embodiment, and the longitudinal inner hole 15 provided in the counter shaft 14 is provided.
b, an oil receiver 15c, and a lateral inner hole 15e. However, the lateral inner hole 15e is configured to extend from the axial center of the counter shaft 14 to the inner end side while being inclined. Therefore, in the lubrication mechanism 15A, a suction force action due to the centrifugal force of the counter shaft 14 is generated in the lateral inner hole 15e, so that the lubricating oil in the oil sump 15d is sucked into the lateral inner hole 15e. There is an advantage that the injection amount of the lubricating oil from the vertical inner hole 15b can be increased as well as the amount thereof is increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a transmission to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of a transmission adopting a lubrication mechanism of a synchronizer according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a transmission adopting a lubrication mechanism of a synchronizer according to another example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of a gear train of a transmission provided with a conventional lubricating means of a synchronizing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

T1, T2 ... Transmission, 11 ... Mission case, 12 ... Input shaft, 13 ... Output shaft, 14 ... Counter shaft, 15, 15A ... Lubrication mechanism, 15a, 15e ... Horizontal inner hole, 15b ... Vertical inner hole, 15c ... oil receiver, 15d ... oil reservoir, 21
-25, R ... Gear train, 21a-25a, Ra ... Output gear, 21b-25b, Rb ... Counter gear, 26
~ 29 ... Synchronizer, 27a ... Synchronizer ring, 2
7b, 27c ... Inner ring, 27d ... Gear piece, 3
0 ... shift operation mechanism, 31 ... shift operation lever, 32 ... fork shaft, 33a to 33d ... shift fork.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F term (reference) 3J028 EA15 EB35 FA53 FC32 FC42                       HB04                 3J063 AA02 AB02 AB55 AC06 BA11                       CA01 CB44 CD42 XD15 XD33                       XD43 XD53 XD64 XD75 XE15                       XF05

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A synchronizing device in a transmission, wherein a gear train for a plurality of shift stages is provided between a driving shaft and a driven shaft parallel to the driving shaft in a mission case, and a synchronizing device is provided on the driven shaft. The lubrication mechanism includes a lateral inner hole and a longitudinal inner hole formed in the drive shaft, the lateral inner hole extending in the axial direction of the drive shaft, and the tip end portion of the lubrication mechanism inside the mission case. And the vertical inner hole communicates with the inner end of the horizontal inner hole, extends in the radial direction, and opens in the vicinity of the synchronizer. Lubrication mechanism. 2. The lubrication mechanism for a synchronizing device according to claim 1, wherein the lateral inner hole extends toward the inner end portion in alignment with the axis of the drive shaft. Device lubrication mechanism. 3. The lubrication mechanism for a synchronizing device according to claim 1, wherein the lateral inner hole extends toward the inner end portion while being inclined from the axis of the drive shaft. Lubrication mechanism of synchronizer. 4. The lubricating mechanism for a synchronizer according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a tip portion of the lateral inner hole is opened to an oil reservoir provided in the mission case. Lubrication Mechanism for Synchronous Gears in Transmissions. 5. The lubricating mechanism for a synchronizer according to claim 4, wherein an oil receiver is provided at the tip of the lateral inner hole, and the oil receiver is located in the oil sump. Lubricating mechanism of synchronizer in the characteristic transmission.