JP2003171923A - Covering material, method of manufacturing covering material, scour preventive structure and scour preventive construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a scour preventive structure stable to waves, and executable in a short construction period, a scour preventive construction method, a covering material suitable for the structure, and a manufacturing method of the covering material. <P>SOLUTION: The continuous cylindrical covering material 1 is constituted by packing an infilling material 5 in a net bag 3. The net bag 3 is constituted by joining a plurality of bags, and is formed in an almost continuous cylindrical shape. Thus, the infilling material 5 moves little, and the continuous cylindrical covering material 1 is stable to the waves. Respective cylinders are joined by a sewing-up line 7 along a side surface, and have flexibility. The continuous cylindrical covering material 1 has a connecting part 11 parallel to the sewing-up line 7 on the side surface. A continuous cylindrical covering material connecting body 10 having the optional length can be formed by connecting a plurality of covering materials. The continuous cylindrical covering material connecting body 10 is suspended, and is arranged in a prescribed position to enable execution work for covering a wide range at a high speed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for preventing scouring due to waves such as oceans, breakwaters built on coasts, rubble mounds that form the basis of revetments, sloped breakwaters, sloped revetments, breakwaters, artificial reefs, etc. The present invention relates to a method for preventing scour and a method for producing a coating material suitable for surface coating these.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, prevention of scouring around structures due to tidal currents and river currents, prevention of scouring of river revetments and levees, etc. The method of coating the surface with the block is often used.

[0003]

However, the conventional construction method has the following problems. In the coated stone method, it takes time to process the coated stone to be used,
It is necessary to accurately level the rubble and sand that are covered in the sea. A large number of divers are required for leveling in the sea such as rubble stones to be covered and for setting up stones. For these reasons, there was a problem that the construction period was long and the cost was high. If the construction period is long, there is a high possibility of being damaged by waves during construction.

In addition, it is expected that the supply of large stone materials used for coated stones will be inadequate in the future. Furthermore, when the rubble mound is covered and protected with a covering stone or a covering block, the shoulder part is most vulnerable to damage, but it is difficult to reinforce this part.

In addition to the conventional construction method, in recent years, a method of using a bagging covering material for covering and preventing scour is being adopted. Bagging and covering materials are T type (round type) and envelope type (Samurai type)
It is constructed by filling a filling material into a mesh bag such as. However, when these coating materials are applied to the sea area where waves are the main external force, there is a concern that the filling material will move due to the repeated action of waves and cause abrasion of the net material.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is a scour prevention structure, a scour prevention method, which is stable against waves and can be constructed in a short period of time. An object of the present invention is to provide a coating material suitable for the structure and a method for manufacturing the coating material.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a first aspect of the invention is characterized in that a net bag constituted by a plurality of bags joined together is filled with a filling material. It is a covering material.

[0008] As the filling material, gravel, crushed stone, artificial gravel,
It is possible to use gravel with a specific gravity adjusted or granular material such as recycled slag stone material produced by recycling. Recycled materials can be used, which helps reduce the environmental load.

The net bag is a net made by knitting fibers, and a knotted net, a non-knotted net, a Russell net, etc. can be used, and the knitting method is not particularly limited. The Russell net has the characteristic that the broken part is less likely to spread than other knotless nets.

The fibers used can be made of synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester, or natural fibers such as cotton and hemp. Further, the durability can be improved by using a double net bag for the sea area where the wave condition is severe and by using a material having a large wear resistance strength.

In the first aspect of the present invention, a net bag formed by connecting a plurality of bags is filled with a filling material to form a covering material. Since one covering material is divided into a plurality of bags, the net tension for restraining the filling material is large, and the wear of the net material can be reduced. The connecting part may have flexibility with the broken line.

A second aspect of the present invention comprises a step of producing a net bag in which a plurality of bags are joined, a step of putting a filling material in the net bag,
A method of manufacturing a covering material, comprising:

In the second invention, a net bag in which a plurality of bags are joined is manufactured, and a filling material is put in the net bag to manufacture a covering material. The net bag can be manufactured by sewing one or more nets together. You may manufacture one coating material by connecting the coating material produced in this way in multiple numbers. If they are connected in one direction, a long covering material can be manufactured.

A third aspect of the present invention is a scour preventive structure characterized by being coated with the above coating material. In the third aspect of the invention, since the filling material of the covering material is hard to move and has flexibility, it is possible to provide a scour prevention structure that is stable against waves.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is a scour preventive construction method characterized by comprising a step of hoisting the coating material and a step of installing the coating material at a predetermined position. In the fourth aspect of the invention, the covering material is lifted and collectively installed at a predetermined position. Since it can be constructed at high speed, the construction period can be shortened.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is a scour-prevention method, which comprises a step of winding the covering material and a step of unwinding the wound covering material and setting it at a predetermined position. is there.

In the fifth invention, the coating material is wound around a drum or the like. Then, the wound covering material is unwound and installed at a predetermined position. By this method, a long covering material can be easily installed.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a continuous tube type covering material 1. FIG. 1A is a plan view of the continuous tube type covering material 1, and FIG. 1A is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.
It shows in (b).

The continuous cylinder type covering material 1 is a continuous cylinder type in which a mesh bag 3 is filled with a filling material 5 which is called a filter unit. The mesh bag 3 has a plurality of tubular bags joined together with a suture line 7 along the side surface of the tube as a joining portion.

The net bag 3 is a net made by knitting fibers.
The fibers used may be synthetic fibers or natural fibers. Also,
You may use the recycled fiber recycled from a plastic bottle etc. As the filling material 5, artificial stone material or recycled stone material may be used in addition to crushed stone, gravel and the like.

The continuous cylinder type covering material 1 has a suspension ring 9 at the intersection of the upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder and the suture line 7. The suspension ring 9 functions as an engaging means and is used as a jig for suspending it on a crane or the like. The suspension ring 9 is made of a material that is durable and has a strength that can withstand the weight of the continuous tubular coating material 1.

The continuous tube type covering material 1 is provided with connecting portions 11 on both side surfaces in parallel with the suture line 7. Connection part 11
Serves as a connecting portion when connecting with another covering material. Other dressings can be connected parallel to the suture line 7.

As shown in FIG. 1, the continuous tube type covering material 1 has a space in which the filling material 5 is inserted and is divided into a tubular shape.
The net tension that restrains is large. Compared with the conventional T-type or envelope-type bagging covering material, the continuous-tube-type covering material 1 has a great feature that the filling material 5 is hard to move. As a result, the abrasion of the net material due to the movement of the filling material 5 can be reduced, and it is stable against waves.

Further, in the continuous cylinder type covering material 1, the adjacent cylinders are in contact with each other by the suture line 7, and it is possible to bend the suture line 7 as a fold line and it is flexible. Therefore, the continuous tube type covering material 1 has both the characteristics that the filling material that is required as a covering material against ocean waves is hard to move and that it is flexible.

The continuous tube type covering material 1 utilizes the connecting portion 11 to
Other continuous tube type coating materials 1 can be sequentially connected to form a coating material having an arbitrary length. This allows a dressing long enough to wrap the shoulder.

Further, the continuous tube type covering material 1 is excellent in conformity to the unevenness of the bottom surface and the direction like the conventional bagging covering material. Many coastal structures are linear structures. Therefore, the change in the cross section of the mound is two-dimensional. Since the continuous tube type covering material 1 can fit in a mound shape, it does not fit well and therefore the acting wave force is not increased.

FIG. 2 shows a modification for improving flexibility. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion similar to FIG. 1B in the modified example. A bending margin 8 as a bent portion in which the filling material 5 is not filled is provided in the portion of the suture line 7. By stitching on both sides of the bending margin 8, the flexibility is further improved.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a method of manufacturing the continuous tube type covering material 1. First, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), two mesh materials are prepared, and the outer peripheral portions of the left and right side portions and the bottom portion, the portion serving as the suture line 7 are reinforced with ropes and sewn together to form a plurality of bags. A mesh bag 3 having a combined shape is produced. If necessary, a hanging ring 9 is attached to the intersection of the suture line 7 and the bottom.

As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the net bag 3 is installed in the manufacturing frame 21 with the bag mouth facing upward. The manufacturing frame 21 can be divided into two in the lateral direction.
The manufacturing frame 21 is joined, and the wire 23 or the like is used to secure the outer periphery of the manufacturing frame 21 by the securing device 25.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the filling material 5 is put into the mesh bag 3 and the mouth of the mesh bag 3 is overturned to prevent the filling material 5 from leaking. The hanging ring 9 is attached to the suture line 7 on the upper surface after bending
Attach. As shown in FIG. 3D, the hanging jig 27
Using the rope 29 and the suspension ring 9, the continuous cylinder type covering material 1 is temporarily suspended. The fastening device 25 is loosened, the wire 23 is removed, and the manufacturing frame 21 is divided into two. The continuous-tube type covering material 1 is lifted up to complete the production of the continuous-tube type covering material 1.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a continuous tube type covering material connected body 10 constituted by connecting a plurality of continuous tube type covering materials 1. FIG. 4A is a plan view of the continuous tube type covering material connected body 10, and FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of FIG.
It shows in (b).

The connecting portion 11 of the two continuous tube type covering materials 1 is overlapped, and the overlapped portions are sewn together by using the rope 31 or the like to form the continuous tube type covering material connected body 10. Similarly, a plurality of continuous tube type covering materials 1 can be connected to each other to produce a covering material having an arbitrary length. This production work is preferably performed in a seaside construction yard that is directly accessible from a floating crane such as a quay.

When manufacturing the continuous tube type covering material connecting body 10,
As shown in FIG. 5, the suspension ring 9 can be reinforced by passing the reinforcing rope 33. The reinforcing rope 33 is preferably passed through not only the suspension ring 9 on one side but also the suspension rings 9 on both sides as necessary. Metal fittings for lifting are attached to both ends of the continuous tube-type covering material connected body 10 which has been manufactured. The metal fitting has a structure for transmitting both tension acting on the net material and the reinforcing rope 33.

The continuous tube-type covering material connecting body 10 manufactured as described above can be hoisted by a crane or the like to be collectively installed. Further, the structure of the continuous tube-type covering material connecting body 10 can cover a large range with a small amount of net material. Therefore, it is possible to economically cover a wide area at high speed.

An example of a scour preventive structure coated with the continuous tube type coating material 1 will be described below. Figure 6 shows an example of a caisson type breakwater covered with a rubble mound. Figure 6
6A is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 6B is a top view. Caisson 41 and root block 4 on top of rubble mound 43
5 are installed. A continuous tube type covering material connecting body 10 is laid from the sea side slope of the rubble mound 43 to the sea bottom. The end portion of the continuous tube type covering material connecting body 10 is fixed to the root block 45.
When combined with, stability is further improved.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which a sloped revetment layer is covered. FIG. 7A is a sectional view and FIG. 6B is a top view. The second rubble 49 is installed on the first rubble 47 to form an inclined revetment. A concrete wall 51 is provided on the upper surface of the second rubble 49. The continuous pipe type covering material connecting body 10 is laid continuously over a wide range of the land side, the sea side slope and the upper surface of the second rubble 49, the sea side upper surface and the slope of the first rubble 47, and the sea bottom in the vicinity thereof. There is. A wave-dissipating block 53 is installed on the upper surface of the first rubble 47 and the slope of the second rubble 49 on the sea side.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which an inclined revetment is covered. Figure 8
8A is a sectional view, and FIG. 8B is a top view. The second rubble 49 is installed on the first rubble 47 to form an inclined revetment. Land side, sea side slope of the second rubble 49,
The continuous tubular coating material coupling body 10 is laid continuously over a wide range of the upper surface, the sea-side upper surface and the slope of the first rubble 47, and the sea-bottom surface in the vicinity thereof.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which the ground around the cylindrical pier 51 is covered. Here, coating is performed using a continuous tube type coating material 1a as shown in FIG. The continuous cylinder type covering material 1a is configured such that the length of each cylinder in the long axis direction monotonically increases as the mesh bag 3a goes from one end to the other end, and the whole is substantially trapezoidal in shape. The continuous tube type covering material 1 a can be configured in the same manner as the continuous tube type covering material 1 except for the length of the cylinder in the long axis direction, and has a suture line 7.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of continuous cylinder type covering materials 1a are connected to the pier 51 with the cylinder side of the continuous cylinder type covering material 1a having the shortest length in the long axis direction facing the pier 51 side. Radially laid in the center. By using the continuous tube type coating material 1a, it is possible to efficiently cover the ring-shaped area.

FIG. 11 shows an example of covering the ends of artificial reefs and breakwaters. The continuous cylinder type covering material 1, the continuous cylinder type covering material 1a, and the round type filter unit 1b are used for coating. By combining a plurality of types of coating materials in this way, even if the laid portion has an irregular shape, it can be coated efficiently.

In general, a local lifting force acts on the shoulder of the mound due to the action of waves. Since the covering stone and the concrete block are smaller than the range in which a large lifting pressure acts, they move due to this lifting pressure. Since the continuous tubular type covering material connecting body 10 is sufficiently longer than the range in which the lifting pressure acts, the entire continuous tubular type covering material connecting body 10 can resist the locally predetermined lifting pressure, and the stability of the covering of the shoulder portion can be improved. It can be dramatically improved.

Next, a construction method for laying the above covering material at the installation site will be described. First, the construction method when using a crane is described. As shown in FIG. 12, a hanging jig 63 is hung on the hanging tool 61 of the floating crane. A hanging wire 65 is used to hang from the hanging jig 63 to the metal fittings 64 provided at both ends of the continuous tubular covering material connected body 10. An automatic release hook 66 is used to connect the hanging wire 65 and the metal fitting 64.

FIG. 13A shows a state in which the continuous tubular type covering material connecting body 10 and the hanging tool 61 are connected in the construction yard. It is preferable to determine the length of the hanging wire from the fact that the continuous tubular type covering material connected body 10 does not break when the continuous tubular type covering material connected body 10 is lifted up, the height difference of the grounding surface, and the like.

After that, the floating crane is towed to the site, the installation position is determined, and the continuous tube type covering material connecting body 10 is hung. FIG. 13B shows the state at this time. Figure 1
As shown in FIG. 3 (c), since the continuous tube-shaped covering material connected body 10 has flexibility, it can conform to the shape of the installation surface 67.

As shown in FIG. 13 (d), when the entire continuous tube type covering material connecting body 10 comes into contact with the installation surface 67, the automatic release hook is automatically disengaged from the suspension ring, and the continuous tube type covering material 1 is sunk. It The above procedure is repeated to sequentially spread the continuous tube type covering material 1 to form a scour prevention structure.

Next, a construction method using a drum will be described. Drum 7 connecting cylinder type covering material connecting body 10 on land
Roll up to 1. FIG. 14A shows a state before winding, FIG.
4 (b) shows the state after winding.

The drum 71 on which the continuous tube type covering material connecting body 10 is wound is taken into a dedicated drum ship 73. FIG. 14 (c)
As shown in (1), the continuous cylinder type covering material connected body 10 is unwound from the drum 71 at the installation location, and the drum ship 73 is installed while moving. By attaching the sinker 75 to the unwound end of the continuous tubular type covering material connected body 10, it can be stably installed on the installation surface 67. By using the drum 71, it is possible to easily construct even the long continuous tube-type covering material connected body 10.

According to the above construction method, it is not necessary to level the installation surface 67 in the sea. In addition, a large-area coating material that covers a wide area can be installed at once. It can be constructed at low cost and in a short construction period.

The covering material according to the present invention is not limited to the above example. For example, the number of cylinders in the continuous cylinder type covering material and the length of the cylinders in the long axis direction can be arbitrarily set.
In the above example, the description has been given by taking the continuous-tube-shaped covering material as an example.
The present invention can be applied to any covering material in which a plurality of bags are combined.

[0050]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a scour preventive structure which is stable against waves and can be constructed in a short period of time, a scour preventive construction method, and a covering material suitable for the structure A method of manufacturing a covering material can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a continuous tube type covering material 1.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a continuous tube type covering material 1 having improved flexibility.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a method of manufacturing the continuous tube type covering material 1.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a method of manufacturing a continuous tubular type covering material connected body 10.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a method of reinforcing the continuous tubular type covering material connected body 10.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of covering a rubble mound of a caisson type breakwater.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of covering a sloped revetment layer

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of covering an inclined revetment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of covering a cylindrical pier.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of a continuous tube type coating material 1a.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of covering the artificial reef and the end of the breakwater.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a construction method using a crane.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a construction method using a crane.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a construction method using a drum.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1a --------- Continuous cylinder type covering material 3, 3a --------- mesh bag 5 --------- Filling material 7 --------- Suture 8 --------- Bending allowance 9 --------- Hanging ring 10 --------- Continuous cylinder type covering material connection body 11 --------- Connection part 21 --------- Production frame 23 --------- wire 25 --------- Lasting device 31 --------- Rope 41 --------- Caisson 43 --------- Scrap stone mound 61 --------- Hanging equipment 63 --------- Hanging jig 64 --------- metal fittings 65 --------- Hanging wire 66 --------- Auto release hook

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Yoshikazu Ishikawa             1-13-20 Minamisenba, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture               Within Kyowa Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Satoshi Mase             1-13-20 Minamisenba, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture               Within Kyowa Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeshi Ikeya             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Yoshinobu Akiyama             Kashima-ken, 1-2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Inside the corporation (72) Inventor Kazuhide Tsumabuki             6-3-1, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Stocks             Within the company Tetra (72) Inventor Hirofumi Koyama             6-3-1, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Stocks             Within the company Tetra F term (reference) 2D018 DA00 EA01

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A covering material, which is formed by filling a filling material into a net bag formed by connecting a plurality of bags. 2. The covering material according to claim 1, which has a substantially continuous tubular shape. 3. The covering material according to claim 2, wherein the lengths of the cylinders in the major axis direction are different. 4. The covering material according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion of the bag has a bent portion. 5. The covering material according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting portion for connecting to another covering material on a side surface of at least one end of the covering material. 6. A covering material comprising a plurality of covering materials according to claim 5 connected by the connecting portion. 7. A method for producing a covering material, comprising: a step of producing a net bag in which a plurality of bags are joined; and a step of putting a filling material into the net bag. 8. The method for producing a covering material according to claim 7, further comprising the step of connecting a plurality of covering materials. 9. The method for producing a covering material according to claim 7, wherein the mesh bag has a substantially continuous tubular shape. 10. A scour prevention structure characterized by being coated with the coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 11. A scour prevention method comprising: a step of hoisting the covering material according to claim 1; and a step of installing the covering material at a predetermined position. 12. A method comprising: winding the covering material according to claim 1; and unwinding the wound covering material and setting the wound covering material at a predetermined position. Characteristic scouring prevention method.